Full text of "The Granite monthly, a New Hampshire magazine, devoted to literature, history, and state progress"

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Accession No. I PJ^ S'.\M..:

THE 1^'

GRANITE MONTHLY

A New Hampshire Magazine

DEVOTED TO

History, Biography, Literature
AND State Progress

VOLUME XLVIIl
NEW SERIES, VOLUME XI

CONCORD, N. H.

PUBLISHED BY THE GRANITE MONTHLY COMPANY

1916

N
v,48 '

concord, n. h.
The Rumford Press
1916

The Granite Monthly

CONTENTS, JANUARY-DECEMBER, 1916

Old Series, Volume XLVIII

New Series, Volume XI

Page

Across the New Hampshire Hills, by Norman C. Tice 187

Address, by Fred Myron Colby 295

Alaska School Service, The, by Isabel Ambler Gihnan 248

An Encounter with Prince Oswald, by Edward J. Parshley 184

An Important Historical Document, by Rev. Everett S. Stackpole 172

Birthplace of Gen. John SuUivan, The, by Rev. Everett S. Stackpole 45

Canaan's Anniversary Address, by Hon. James Burns Wallace 257

Carroll, Hon. Edward H 289

Concord Street Railway and its Builder, The 41

Croydon, in the Mountains, by H. H. MetcaK 231

Davis-Smith Garrison, by B. B. P. Greene 327

Diamond Ledge, by George Wilson Jennings 57

Dover Incident in the War of 1812, by Lydia A. Stevens 323

Eastman Association 319

Editor and PubUsher's Notes 32, 64, 160, 192, 224, 256, 288, 312, 344

Fruitless Farming at Fruitlands, by Emma F. Abbot 279

Hailstorm at Lake Sunapee, A, by Herbert Welsh 315

Half-Leather, by Shirley Harvey 213

Happiness, by L. Adelaide Sherman .....' 157

Humphrey, Hon. Moses, Builder of Concord Street Railway 43

In a Pasture, by Fred Myron Colby 181

Influence of the Revolution on the Religious Life of America, The, by Rev. Thomas

Chalmers 193

Keyes, Hon. Henry W., by H. C. Pearson 225

Lincoln and the Convention of 1860, by Gerry W. Hazelton 300

Manchester, Progressive, Historical and Descriptive, by Edgar J. Ivnowlton 67

Clark, Col. Arthur Eastman 81

Clark, Col. Jolm Badger 79

Cross, Hon. David 77

Knowlton, Hon. Edgar J 89

Straw, Hon. Ezekiel A 75

Woodbury, Gordon 83

Manchester in a Nutshell 155

Manchester, Manufacturing in 116

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company 119

Felton, S. A., and Son Company 127

The F. M. Hoyt Company 127

Manchester, The Business Section of 129

The Amoskeag Banks 133

Wellman, James A 135

Elliott, Alonzo, and Company 137

McElwain, Herbert A 137

iv Contents

Page

Manchester, The Business Section of — Continv£d:

Brown's 146

Carlton, A. M. and Son 141

Cole's Dry Cleansing Company 148

Danforth, Harry J ;- 144

DeMoulpied's Furniture Store 148

Du Bois' Tailor Shop 150

Heath Studio, The 149

Lang, Walter M 139

Lindsey Studio, The 147

Louis, The Tailor 152

Manchester Supply Company, The 143

National Hotel, The 154

Peloquin, Albert J 154

Palace Studio, The 151

Pariseau's Shoe Store 146

Berthiaume, PhiUas H 146

Pelletier, Alpheus J 140

Perkins Naphtha Cleansing Works 144

Sandberg's Ice Cream 154

Steele's Market 145

The Big Four, Dry Cleansers 153

The John B. Varick Company 138

Warren and Warren 142

New Hampshire Fire Insurance Company 90

The Legal Profession in Manchester 93

Barnard, Charles D 113

Branch, Frederick W 100

Branch, Hon. Oliver E 96

Branch, Hon. OUver W 100

Brown, Hon. Albert.0 95

Burnham, Hon. Henry E 93

Jones, Warren, Wilson and Manning 107

Jones, Hon. Edwin F 107

Manning, Robert L Ill

Warren, Hon. George H ; . . . . 110

Wilson, AUan M Ill

King, Carroll S 115

Laing, Robert 115

Little, Hon. Cyrus H • 101

Madigan, Thomas H., Jr 113

Nevins, William S 114

Taggart, Burroughs, Wyman and McLane 103

Burroughs, Hon. Sherman E 103

McLane, John Roy ; 106

Taggart, Hon. David A 103

Wyman, Louis E 106

Thorp and Abbott .' 112

Abbott, Lee C 112

Thorp, L. Ashton 112

Mansion House of Wentworth Chiswell, by Nellie Palmer George 202

Martha's Second Bridal, by Anabel C. Andrews 307

Melcher, Lieut.-Col. Samuel M., M.D ' 199

Contents . v

, - Page

Memory, by George Wilson Jennings 219

Mettle of New Hampshire, The, by Fred Lewis Pattee 15

Millet Apple Tree, The, by Lydia A. Stevens , 176

Molly's Peril, by Theodora Chase 217

My Reception Down South, by George E. Foster 309

Newington, Congregational Church, by Jackson M. Ho3rt 7

New Year's Greeting, A. by Harry V. Lawrence 60

"North of Boston" 179

Old No. 4 Chapter, D. A. R., by Miss S. Abbie Spooner 211

Oneness and Otherness, by Francis H. Goodall .^. 28

Rollins, Hon. Frank West 1

Sanders Point, by J. M. Moses 167

Shooting Stars, The, An Indian Legend, by Katherine Winnifred Beane 216

Story of an Old House, by Fred Myron Colby 25

Story of Little Jane, The, by Katherine C. Meader 53

Timothy, by D. 333

Town That Went to Sleep, The, by Francis A. Corey . . . ' 337

White, Ai-menia S., A Noble Career Ended 163

Woodbury, Gordon ^ 33

New Hampshire Necrology ~ 30, 62, 159, 189, 221, 255, 286, 312, 341

Aiken, George E 191

Aldrich, E. Fred 312 "

Bales, Hon. George E 342

Beane, Rev. Samuel C, D.D 221

Blake, Alpheus P 30

Blanchard, Amos 30

Blood, Dr. Robert A 159

Brackett, WiUiam R 191

Branch, Hon. Oliver E 223

Burleigh, William R 63

Buttrick, Hon. George M 160

Carleton, Frank H 62

Carpenter, George 30

Cheever, David W., M.D 31

Clark, Benjamin F 341

Clark, Hon. M. V. B 343

Chfford, Daniel A 312

Conn, Granville P., M.D 189

Coming, Benjamin H 341

Davis, Dr. Charles A 192

Dearborn, Dr. John George 62

Drew, Holman A 342

Eastman, Hon. Edwin G 221

Fellows, Hon. James G 255

Fletcher, Dr. William K 30

Foss, Col. Everett O ?". . 190

Furber, Henry J 312

Gillis, Charles 190

Griffin, Rev. LeRoy F 221

HaU, Horace P 159

Hardy, Capt. W. W 192

Holmes, Andrew J 64

Ingalls, Herbert 159

vi Contents

"• t Page
New Hampshire Necrologj' — Continued:

Jenkins, W. Irving 223

Kimball, Rev. Henry S 63

- Leighton, Fred 191

Liscom, Hon. Lemuel F ...:.. 255

Marcy, Hon. George D 255

Marden, Dr. Albert L 192

Mills, Frank B. . '. 31

Munsey, Dr. George F , 341

Nichols, Edward Payson 342

Piper, Kate T 341

Plummer, Martin B 223

Remick, Elizabeth M. K 32

Rollins, Rev. George S., D.D 191

Sanborn, Gen. True 223

Sawyer, Dr. Samuel C 31

Scott, Col. Charles 189

Stevens, George W 223

Tenney, Rev. Edward P 287

Thompson, Rev. Albert H 62

Tuttle, Miss Harriett W 62

Vickery, William H 190

Wal'bridge, Rev. William H 64

Walker, Asa., U. S. N 190

Webster, Benjamin F 31

Wheeler, Hon. John W 221

Whipple, Amos H 63

Whipple, Maj. Charles W 343

White, Horace ~ 286

Wilder, Hon. C. W 190

Wiley, Capt. William F 191

Willis, Hon. Ai-thur L 287

Woodbury, Dr. Louis A : 287

Woodman, Dr. Francis J 286

Worcester, Hon. Franklin 159

Young, George Priest 287

POETRY

A Basket of Chips, by Delia Honey 61

Answered, by L. Adelaide Sherman 322

April, by L. J. H. Frost ". 158

A Summer Quest, by Alida M. C. True 293

Bright Star, by H. Thompson Rich . . . '. 44

Clouds, by Edward H. Richards 278

Contentment, by Edward H. Richards ; . . . . 171

Croydon, August 14, 1900, by EHzabeth Barton Richards 246

Dark Days, by B. B. P. Greene 201

Do Not Worry So, by Georgie Rogers Warren 188

Don't Forget, by Hannah B. Merriam 326

Easter Morning, by Lucy H. Heath 158

Exit Mephitis, by Bela Chapin 208

God Rules, by Amy J. DoUoff 306

Lake Simapee, by Laura A. Rice 215

Contents vii

,, • ^ Page

Lilacs, by Harriet E. Emerson 197

Little Jim, by Francis A. Corey 247

Moimt Vernon, by Bertha B. P. Greene 27

My Castle, by Delia Honey 209

Nature's Teachings, by Hannah B. Merriain 175

Necropolis, by L. J. H. Frost 318

New Hampshire Hills are Calling, by Bernard V. Child 7 283

New Hampshire's Invitation, by Martha A. S. Baker 202

Omniscience, by H. Thompson Rich 311

Some Time, Some Day, by Mary Alice Dwyre 55

Spring-Tide, by L. Adelaide Sherman 175

TeU Me, Darling, by L. J. H. Frost 29

The Academy in Exeter, by Charles Nevers Holmes 56

The Country in September, by Jean C. Maynard • *..... 284

The Ekns of Number Four, by H. E. Corbin 210

The First Snow Storm, by Shirley Wilcox Harvey 340

The Gossip of the Robin, by M. E. Nella 178

The Little Old Maid, by R. M. S 24

The Night Wind, by E. P 294

The One Clear Noto, by Amy J. Dolloff " 340

The Rose is Queen, by Sarah Fuller Bickford Hafey 210

The Seabrook Dimes, by Helen Leslie FoUansbee 285

The Short-Cut Pathway Home, by Charles Poole Cleaves 278

The Suffrage Sea, by Frances M. Abbott 220

The Tree of Hanover, by David Alawen 166

There Are No Mistakes, by Sarah Fuller Bickford Hafey 322

Till Then and Afterwards, by Stewart Everett Rowe 59

To Mount Washington, by David E. Adams 40

Tribute to Moses Gage Shirley, A, by Lena B. EUingwood 218

Twilight in the City, by Lucy H. Heath 29

Twilight in the Country, by Lucy H. Heath 230

Two Soimets, by James Riley 23

Under the Hedges, by L. J. H. Frost 299

Up in Old New Hampshire, by Charles Poole Cleaves 51

War, by Bela Chapin 294

What Will Next Thanksgiving Bring? by Agnes Mayrilla Locke 331

HON. FRANK WEST ROLLINS
As He Appeared when Governor of New Hampshire

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, No. 1 JANUARY, 1916 New Series. Vol. XI, No. 1

HON. FRANK WEST ROLLINS

Since the adoption of the amended and public life practically compelled
Constitution of 1792, under which his withdrawal. Here his home con-
the title of the chief executive officer tinned after marriage, and throughout
of the State became "Governor," his life, although he maintained a
fifty-four different men have held summer residence at his old paternal
the office, of whom only six are now home in Rollinsford, where he yearly
living — Nahum J. Bachelder, gover- enjoyed, especially in later life, a
nor in 1903-4; Charles M. Floyd, season of recreation, and respite from
1907-8; Henry B. Quinby, 1909-10; business and political cares, in agri-
Robert P. Bass, 1911-12; Samuel D. cultural pursuits.
Felker, 1913-14, and the present in- Edward H. Rollins was a born poli-
cumbent, Rolland H. Spaulding. The tician and a natural leader of men,
list of living Governors of New Hamp- and became a thorough master of the
shire has been, indeed, ssi,d\y depleted art and science of political strategy
in the last two years — John B. Smith and party management. His home,
(1893-4) and Chester B. Jordan (1901- as well as his office, was the resort of
2) having passed away in 1914, and party managers and public officials,
David H. Goodell (1889-90) and and it was but natural that his son
Frank W. Rollins (1899-1900) in 1915. should have developed a strong taste
for public affairs, and a wide acquaint-

Frank West Rollins was one of ance with men engaged therein,
the youngest, as well as one of the Famiharity with public interests and
best known and most popular men affairs of state was, indeed, as much a
who ever occupied the gubernatorial part of his early education, as was
chair. Born and reared in the Capi- the instruction which he derived from
tal City, the son of a man long active books and teachers in the public
and prominent in politics and pubhc schools, and the tutorship of that
life, he enjoyed exceptional facilities famous old-time instructor of Concord
for familiarizing himself with affairs youth — Moses Woolson — under whose
of state and questions of public policy, tutelage he prepared for entrance to
as well as with the demands of social the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
life in city and state. nology, where he was a member of

He was born February 24, 1860, in the class of 1881, subsequently pursu-

the old mansion on North Main ing the study of law at Harvard and

Street, Concord, which had been the in the office of the late Hon. John Y.

birthplace of his mother, Ellen Eliza- Mugridge of Concord. He was ad-

beth West, daughter of John and mitted to the bar in Concord, in

Nancy M. West. It was into this home August, 1882.

that his father, Edward H. RolUns, He soon learned, however, that

went as a boarder when he came to legal procedure appealed neither to

Concord to learn the business in his tastes nor sympathies. The bent

which he later established himself, of his mind was toward the activities

and continued for many years, until of business life, while he had decided

active participation in political affairs literary tastes that he indulged quite

The Granite Monthly

extensively in the line of diversion.
He soon relinquished the law, and
entered the banking business, com-
mencing in the sale of Western se-
curities through connection with his
older brother, Edward W., who had
established an investment business

took the name of E. H. Rollins (fc
Sons, a younger brother, Montgomery,,
also coming into the concern, and
continuing for some years.

In 1892 the business was removed
to Boston, where, as Vice-President
and Manager, Frank W. gave his best

in Denver, Col. Soon after his father
took an interest in the business and
the firm of E. H. Rollins & Son was
established, which was, subsequentlj^,
incorporated. Not long after the
Rollins Investment Company, of Den-
ver, managed by Edward W., was
merged with this corporation, which

efforts to the work of building up a
business, which, under his intelli-
gent direction, soon placed the cor-
poration in the front rank where it
has since remained, among the most
prominent concerns in the country
dealing in investment securities, with
headquarters in Boston, New York,,

Hon. Frank West Rollins 3

Chicago, Denver and San Francisco, taking ground against it. It was

The presidency of the corporation thus found, however, from whatever

was held for some time by Edward motive directed, and, the Democracy

W., but he was succeeded a number of espousing the opposite cause, one of

years ago by Frank W., in this office, the most hotly contested campaigns

who held the same until his death. which the country ever experienced,

Meanw^iile, retaining his home in the interest of Mr. Rollins for Re-

his native city, wherein he built a publican success continuing intense

spacious and elegant modern residence, throughout. He was a conspicuous

on North State Street, he indulged member of the delegation of New

his early acquired love for pubhc England "sound money" business

affairs by entry into political life, men who made a pilgrimage to Mc-

accepting the nomination of the Re- Kinley's home in Canton, O., near

publican party with which he was the close of the campaign, after the

naturally affiliated, for the office of fashion of the time, and made the

State Senator, in the Concord District, address to the nominee, in behalf of

in 1894, to which he was, of course, the delegation.

handsomely elected at the polls in His pathway to the Governorship

November, and receiving the remark- was already open, but he stood aside

able compliment, for so young a man, in favor of George A. Ramsdell, who

and especially one without previous had for some time aspired to the office

legislative experience, of election to and Avho was elected that autumn,

the presidency of the Senate, upon its Here it may properly be remarked

organization in January following — a that it was in connection with Mr.

position which he filled with dignity Ramsdell's induction into office, that

and honor. the custom, now thoroughly estab-

From that time forward, for a num- lished, of holding a "Governor's Ball,"

ber of years his political activities as a leading social function upon the

were conspicuous. In the notable accession of a new incumbent to the

campaign of 1896, when the "free gubernatorial office, was initiated,

silver" issue was pressed to the front, Mr. RolHns being the leader in the

and there was for some time doubt as movement, and carrying it forwa^'d

to the alignment of the great parties to complete success,

thereon, Mr. Rollins took a prominent In 1898 he was nominated with-

part. He it was who boldly intro- out opposition, and elected in Novem-

duced the resolution, declaring for ber of that year, taking office in Janu-

the single gold standard, in the Re- ary following. His administration was

publican State Convention for the characterized by an interest in, and a

choice of delegates to the National devotion to, the welfare of the State,

Convention, which, strange as it may and measures which he deemed essen-

now seem, was unanimously voted tial to its promotion, surpassed by

down, while the Democi'atic State none of his predecessors or successors;

Conv^ention took strong ground in and, whatever may be said as to the

favor of that position. It was, iji accuracy of the views expressed in his

truth, a matter of grave doubt at the famous "Fast Day proclamation,'^

time what the position of either of the which was the subject of much earnest

great parties would be upon the ques- controversy for a long time, there was

tion. William McKinley, then gen- never any question as to his own'

erally regarded as the coming man sincerity, or that the resultant contro-

for the Republican presidential nomi- versy was productive of ultimate

nation, had formerly been an ardent good.

friend of the free silver cause, and it It was his advocacy of the "Old

was by no means then certain that Home Week" festival, and his formal

the party would ultimately be found action in establishing the same in New

The Granite Monthly

Hampshire, during the first year of
his administration, that insured him
lasting fame, and endeared him for
all time to the hearts of the people.
This festival, as it is most properly
called, has proved of incalculable
benefit to the State, in strengthening
the ties that bind every native, or
former resident, to the place of his
birth, however far he may have
wandered therefrom; and the belated
recognition of the legislature, in 1913,
in definitely fixing the time of the same,

the cause of iForest Preservation
in New Hampshire, however, that he
soon became most conspicuous, spend-
ing time, money and effort in that
behalf. He was President of the
Society for the Protection of New
Hampshire Forests from its organiza-
tion in 1902 (in which he was mainly
instrumental) until the time of his
death; and to its work is due, in large
measure, all that has been accom-
phshed in this direction.

In his earlier years Governor Rol-

Birthplace of Hon. Frank W. Rollins

fortifies public sentiment for its per-
manent continuance. The interest of
Governor Rollins in this institution
never relaxed, and he held the office
of President of the New Hampshire
Old Home Week Association from its
organization till 1914, when the condi-
tion of his health compelled the relin-
quishment of some of his activities.

Governor Rollins was one of the
early advocates of the cause of good
roads in New Hampshire, and, under
his administration, progress was made
along that line, although public sen-
timent had not become generally
aroused. It was as a champion of

lins had been strongly interested in
military affairs, his interest dating
back to his school days when he was
a lieutenant in the company of cadets
-at the Institute of Technology. Sub-
sequently he was prominently con-
nected with the New Hamp'shire
militia for several years, holding the
oflfice of Assistant Adjutant-General,
with the rank of Colonel, on the bri-
gade staff of the National Guard.

Mention has been made of his taste

for literature and his indulgence

"therein as a diversion. He gathered

a fine library and enjoyed the same.

He was a student of the French Ian-

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o

o
si

s
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05

The Granite Monthly

guage, and made various translations
therefrom for publication. He also
indulged in fiction-writing for a time
and published several books of the
same, including "The Ring in the
Cliff," "Break O'Day Tales," "The
Twin Hussars" and "The Lady of the
Violets. " He also wrote much for the
press along financial lines, displaying
a sound knowledge of this department
of business activity, gained in the field
of practical experience.

Governor Rollins's activities were
by no means confined to his business
or his official life. He was deeply
interested in religious affairs, as a
member of St. Paul's Protestant
Episcopal Church of Concord, serv-
ing as vestryman and treasurer, and
in the work of the Diocesan and Gen-
eral Conventions of the denomination.
He served as treasurer of St. Paul's
School, as a trustee of the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology, of
the Concord Public Library, the Con-
cord Orphans' Home and various other
institutions. He was one of the
organizers of the Wonolancet Club of
Concord, and its first president, and
was connected with various other
clubs and organizations in this State
and Boston, including the Chamber of
Commerce in that city. He was the
founder of the New Hampshire Ex-
change Club, prominent for a, time in
the New England Metropolis. He
was also a Knight Templar and a
Scottish Rite Mason of the thirty-
second degree.

A few years since. Governor Rol-
lins transformed the site of his birth-
place and boyhood home, where his
mother had passed her life, into a
beautiful Italian garden, open to the
public, and known as the "West
Garden," where the people can freely
go, during the summer season, in-
dividuall}', in family groups, or social
parties, to enjoy a pleasant hour amid

fountains, shrubs and flowers, and
where ice cream, tea and other refresh-
ments are frequently served, by some
society or organization to which the
privilege has been granted. This gar-
den — a memorial to his mother — will
be a perpetual reminder of Governor
Rollins's regard for his native city.

He was united in marriage Decem-
ber 6, 1882, with Miss Katherine W.
Pecker of Concord, who survives him,
with one son, Douglas, born October
25, 1886.

As has been stated, Governor Rol-
lins maintained his home in his native
city, whose welfare, as well as that of
the State at large, he had ever closely
at heart. For many years he passed
a portion of the warm season at York
Harbor, Me., where he had a fine
summer home. He had travelled ex-
tensively in this and other countries,
and learned much of men and matters,
and the multiform problems of life;
yet his modesty was proverbial. He
never sought the "lime-light," but
was content to labor without ostenta-
tion, for the measures and ends which
he deemed just and expedient. He
passed away, at the Hotel Somerset
in Boston, October 27, 1915, having
been in declining health, for some time,
from valvular disease of the heart.
In his death New' Hampshire lost a
loyal son, whose memory her people
will cherish and honor for many years
to come. But while his death will
long be mourned and his memory
honored by the public at large, who
esteemed him for his devotion to the
welfare of his native state, his loss is
most deeply felt, by the wide circle
of intimate friends, who knew him
and loved him for the kindlj^ heart,
the genial nature, the generous dis-
position and unaffected simplicity
of manner which characterized him
in the close relationships which most
truly reveal the nature of man.

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, NEWINGTON

Historical Sketch Read at the Bi-Centeiinial Celebration,

November 3, 1915

By Jackson M. Hoyt

I have read that the most important old Indian trail was the only path they
part of history is its beginning. To found; with the ad vent of the horse the
this I attach the three familiar say- trail became a bridle path and, later,
ings: ''a thing well begun is half was made wider for the passing of ve-
done," ''as the twig is bent so the hides; and thus, step by step, they
free is incUned," and "the boy is advanced and increased till a settle-
father to the man." ment of several hundred souls was the

Now it is the history of this ancient result, and they called it "Bloody Point
church that I am to bring before you, Settlement," belonging partly to Do-
and I wish briefly to allude to its be- ver and partly to Portsmouth, and
ginning, and the question arises^ were subject to taxation in these ear-
when and where did it begin? Was lier settlements.

it on the 26th day of October, two About the beginning of the eight-
hundred years ago, and in this house eenth century there was evidently an
where we are assembled today? I uneasiness manifested here, arising
think not. Let us lift the veil and from the desire to estabhsh a local
take a look back, at least forty-five government of their own; and the
years earlier, to 1670, when the white first act of theirs to bring this about
man's foot first pressed the soil of this was to plan and erect a public meeting
section. house. This by much hard work and

I believe the seed from which sprang many sacrifices was accomplished,

this early church was then already Next a petition to the General Court

planted in the hearts and souls of was tirawn up and signed by fifty-two

those early settlers; that they, being individuals, asking to be exempted

God-fearing and God-loving men, from paying dues for the support of

were fixed in their purpose to estab- preaching in Dover; setting forth the

fish homes for themselves and those difficulties they had to encounter in

dependent on them, and to erect an crossing the river, etc., and adding

altar to their God, where, without thereto the statement that they had

molestation, they might worship and recently built a meeting house of their

give due reverence to the Almighty, own, and wished to become a separate.

During this early period the lives parish,

of these hardy pioneers were fraught This prayer was granted, and the

with danger, hardship and privation, first act that we find on record is that

They had to contend with the severity of a meeting held in this house in

of the New England winter, the sav- January, 1713, the purpose of this

agery of the red man and the fury of meeting being to confer in regard to

the wild beasts; for it was a wilderness obtaining a minister to settle among

where nature had held sway for cen- them. A paper was drawn up for

turies upon centuries. At first their subscriptions of money and an amount

sustenance was obtained principally was pledged at once. A committee,

from the waters of our beautiful river was appointed to carry out the pur-

and bays, and by a very slow and labo- pose of the meeting, and their first

rious process they penetrated the for- candidate was Samuel Fisk, who

est and erected crude homes and preached several Sabbaths; then came

cleared the land for cultivation. The John Emerson, but neither of these

8 , The Granite Monthly

reverend gentlemen could be induced the destiny of this people. Four
to settle as their pastor. Later generations have passed away, a few
Joseph Adams, who had, previous to of the fifth remain and the sixth,
this time, been a private tutor in the seventh and eighth are here. His
family of one of the well-to-do resi- death occurred May 26, 1783, making
dents, and who had a license to preach, a pastorate of nearly sixty-eight years,
was called, accepte^d, and terms of he having been on earth nearly ninety-
settlement were agreed upon. "On five years, and now we, his children,
the 26th day of October, 1715, a fast rise up and call him blessed,
was kept and a church gathered con- His co-workers in this church were
sisting of 9 men: John Downing, Deacon John Fabyan and Capt. John
Thomas Rowe, B. Bickford, John Downing, who were chosen Elders in
Dam, Richard Downing, formerly the church in 1724. Others who
members of Dover Church, and John filled the office of deacon during his
Fabyan, John Downing, Jr., Hatevil pastorate were — Deacon Dam, now
Nutter and Moses Dam taken into Dame (whether John or Moses the
full communion." record does not make clear), Seth
Three weeks later Mr. Adams was Ring, William Shackford, Benjamin
ordained, and on January 15, 1716, Adams, Moses Furber and John
the sacrament of the Lord's Supper Nutter. Probably the most conspic-
was celebrated for the first time in uous and influential citizen of that
this parish. On March 11, 1716, time was the Hon. John Downing,
the first woman to become a member Jr., who in 1740 was a member of the
of this church was admitted, by the Governor's Council. Soon after Par-
name of Deborah Crockett. From son Adams' settlement he began the
that time on, during the long pastorate erection of a dwelling house on the
of Parson Adams, there were admitted plot of land given to him by the
to membership from year to year, parish. This was completed in 1717,
including the nine men already men- and, three years later, he married
tioned, 172 persons — 104 women and Mrs. Elizabeth Janvrin, widow, the
68 men. Infant baptism was of com- daughter of John and Bridget Knight.
mon occurrence and the list is very To them were born three sons, all
lengthy. Of marriages performed by living to become prominent and
him I find recorded 348. The first worthy citizens, and whose descend-,
is dated March 15, 1716, Jonathan ants have been many and widely
Downing and Elizabeth Nelson — the scattered throughout this broad land
last July 3, 1782, Stephen J. Thomas of ours.

and Olive Bickford. No deaths are After the death of Parson Adams,

recorded; and now I deem it pertinent his youngest son, Deacon Benjamin

to remark that the settling of Joseph Adams, was made clerk of the church

Adams in this place, to be the first and recorded in his father's journal

pastor, was a most fortunate event seventeen baptisms performed by

and far reaching in its effects. He was neighboring pastors. We find no

a member of the famous and gifted other church records till 1788 when,

Adams family of Braintree, now on the 9th of January, Joseph Lang-

Quincy, Mass., a graduate of Harvard don, another college graduate and a

College and a man endowed with member of the historic Langdon

great talents and executive ability, family of Portsmouth, was called,

well fitted to lead and guide this new At this time there were twenty-six

church organization and to give ad- members, six men and twenty women,

vice in civic affairs to a newly incor- During Parson Langdon's pastorate

porated township. His teachings, his fifteen members were taken into the

influence, his example were an in- church — ten of them women. I will

spiration, and did much in shaping state that during the two pastorates

Congregational Church, Newington

of Adams and Langdon the town and
parish were as one and the same.
The minister's salary was voted and
assessed the same as other town taxes.
As I have already mentioned Parson
Adams built his own house, and there
resided and reared his family, and
from the time of his demise it has
been owned and occupied by his hneal
descendants. Parson Langdon was
provided for in another way. The
town, about twenty years previous
to his coming, had purchased, from
Nicholas Knight, twenty acres of land,

wards called the "Old Parsonage."
It was built about 1700, by Richard
Pummery, who was the first sexton
at this old church. During Mr.
Langdon's pastorate William Hoyt
and Joseph Tibbetts were the sextons.
For some reason Parson Langdon
did not measure up to the needs and
requirements of his people and they
refused to attend service and even
rebelled against being taxed to sup-
port him. At one time, it is related
that the sexton, Mr. Hoyt, was his
only hearer. Finally, after many

Congregational Church, Newington

with the building thereon, known as
the Richard Pummery place, and ad-
joining forty acres of other land known
as the parsonage, which Mr. Adams
had been given the use of. In antici-
pation of Mr. Langdon's coming the
town enlarged the Knight house and
gave it a thorough repairing, and into
this house Parson Langdon moved and
reared his family of four daughters,
Polly, Elizabeth, Temperance and
Hannah. His wife was Patience Pick-
ering, daughter of Thomas Pickering
of this place. This house, now owned
by the town, and used by the local
Historical Society, was ever after-

futile attempts to persuade him tO'
relinquish his charge and vacate the
office of pastor, terms of settlement of
claims were reached, through the good
offices of a council, called for that
purpose, and in 1810, after being here
twenty-two years, he retired to his
farm in Portsmouth, and died in 1824
at the age of 66.

Nothing further is found in the
record for a period of sixteen years.
Surely the spiritual needs of this
people must have been sadly neg-
lected. In October, 1826, Rev. Israel
W. Putnam of the North Church,
Portsmouth, administered the Lord's

10 The Granite Monthly

Supper. Then there were but two suitable reading matter was started,

surviving members of this church — with 125 volumes. A new Bible was

Mrs. Eleanor Shackford and the widow given for the pulpit, a gift from Rev.

■of Parson Langdon. About twenty Alonzo H. Quint, whose grandfather

members of other churches were was a native of Newington. A new

present. Rev. Henry Smith, of New organ was procured through Mr.

York, while visiting relatives in Dur- Mann's efforts.

ham in 1827, became interested in this In the month of November, 1859,

people and labored with much success Rev. John LeBosquet came here and

here and five persons were added to took up his abode as our pastor, and

the membership, including Joshua remained four years, supported in part

Downing Berry, who afterwards en- by the N. H. Missionary Society and

tered the ministry and was father to the Massachusetts Society for the

John J. Berry, M. D., now of Ports- Promotion of Christian Knowledge,

mouth. Ten more were added later, as well as by the people here. He was

Two of these were living in 1870, when the first Congregational minister to

the church was re-organized. reside here, with his family, since the

There was occasional preaching removal of Rev. Mr. Langdon in 1810.
here by Congregational ministers till In 1862, during Mr. LeBosquet's

1843. They were neighboring pastors ministry, several of our leading citi-

from Dover, Portsmouth and North zens formed themselves into a society

Hampton. to be called the Congregational So-

Since that date nothing is recorded ciety of Newington. The first article
till 1857; but in the town records we in the Constitution reads as follows:
find that the legal voters, about 1836, "The object of this Society shall be
took action at the annual town meet- the maintenance of Public Religious
ing to remodel and improve the old Worship, in conformity to the usual
meeting house so long neglected, and custom of Trinitarian Congregational
it was voted to expend the surplus Churches in this State. " The charter
money coming to this town from the members were Elias Frink, Darius
National Treasury for that purpose, Frink, John A. Pickering, James Hoyt,
and in 1838 the old structure under- WiUiam Rollins, William W. Nutter,
went a great change. It was raised Isaac Brackett, Thomas G. Furber,
two feet higher from the ground, and Ruel J. Beane, Joseph W. Pickering
its exterior and interior made to con- and James A. Pickering. Although
form to the style of architecture then none of these gentlemen were church
in vogue, and aljout as we find it members, they were constant attend-
today, ants at church and contributed liber-

We will now return to the year of ally to its support; and it was largely
1857 — a time when my own memory through their efforts that religious
serves me. It was at this time that services were continued to the time of
Rev. Jacob Cummings and Rev. Asa the re-organization of the church in
Mann came here and found the place 1870, when two of the above named
destitute of religious worship. They were received into the church —
visited among the people and held Messrs. John A. and James A. Pick-
public services on the Sabbath. The ering. After the retirement of Mr.
outcome was that Mr. Mann, who was LeBosquet, to another field of labor,
from Exeter, was invited to remain Rev. Mr. Mann again visited the
for a season and stayed eighteen town, visiting from house to house,
months. In 1859, Rev. Amos G. and remained a month, doing mission-
Bartlett succeeded him for a while, ary work. The pulpit had at times
The records say that the attendance been occupied by Rev. Tobias Ham
was good, usually filling the church at Miller of Portsmouth, a preacher of
the afternoon service. A library of Universalism.

Congregational Church, Newington

In 1864, on January 31, and Feb-
ruary 7, Rev. Sewell Harding of
Auburndale, Mass., preached, passing
his time during the week among the
people, and continued to supply the
pulpit till the autumn of the same
year, when Rev. Franklin Davis
succeeded him. After being here six
years a desire on the part of several
■of his hearers was manifested for
the establishment of the institutions
•of the church in their fulness, and,
accordingly, a council was . called,
setting forth the fact that there
were two members of this old
■church still living and others were
•desirous of joining. The council
convened on Wednesday, September
7, 1870. Rev. Edward Robie pre-
sided. Deacon John S. Rand of
Portsmouth was a delegate, and of the
fourteen who participated in the de-
liberations of this body I believe the
two above named are the only ones
now living on earth today. Fourteen
names were added to the roll on that
occasion, making a membership of six-
teen; and from time to time additions
have been made, and now our mem-
bership is thirty-six, seven of whom
are classed as absent members.

Rev. Mr. Davis remained six years,
after the re-organization of the church,
and filled the office of church clerk,
and kept a true and faithful record of
all the activities of the church.

He removed to Tamworth, N. H.,
and it was while serving that people as
their pastor that he was called to meet
his Maker, in whose service he had so
faithfully labored. His successor here
was Rev. Willis A. Hadley, whom you
have met here today, and whose time
•of service here antedates that of all
the surviving pastors of this church.
After seeing him and listening to him
today you will agree that it is need-
less for me to tell you how the people
regretted his departure from us to his
next field of labor, in the town of Rye,
where, on August 21, 1878, he was
ordained into the ministry. Mr.
Hadley's term of service here was his
iirst attempt to act as pastor over a

church, and. considering his youth,
and lack of educational and theologi-
cal training, he proved himself to be
a very earnest and effective speaker,
and, being an excellent singer, he be-
came very popular, especially with
the young people, who to quite a
degree were movecl to enter in by the
straight and narrow way. Today
Brother Hadley stands in the front
ranks of our ministry.

The next to take up his abode with
us as our pastor was Rev. Elijah
John Roke, an Englishman — a man of
very singular personality. He was
unlike anyone we ever met. His
eccentricity was noticeable in every-
thing he did or said; yet he was an
able preacher, and his sermons were of
an high order, and his memory was
such that he boasted that he could
give the chapter and verse of any
passage of Scripture that anyone
might quote. Many who had not
been accustomed to attend church
services came to listen to him and he
usuall}^ had a good-sized congregation
to preach to. It was during his pas-
torate that the congregation voted to
have but one service, doing away with
the forenoon session. He preached
his farewell sermon November 23,
1879.

During the summer of 1881 our
pulpit was supplied by Rev. John S.
Bachelder of Stratham. The next
upon the list is Rev. George Smith of
Northwood, who was with us two
years. His family did not move here
and he made his home with Mr. James
Alfred Pickering. His term of service
ended March 30, 1884.

It wasin June, 1885, that Rev. Wm.
S. Thompson of South Acton, Me.,
was invited to become our pastor,
and remained till May 31, 1892.
During Mr. Thompson's pastorate
the new parsonage was erected, and
he and his family were the first occu-
pants, moving in during the latter part
of the year 1886. He and his good
wife are now spending their declining
years on a farm at Hampton Falls,
with an only son and several grand-

The Granite Monthly

children. His earthly pilgrimage has
been a life well spent in true Christian
service and for the betterment of man-
kind.

In the month of October of the
same year, Rev. Henry Pitt Page,
formerly of Canterbury, N. H., was
welcomed to the pastorate and re-
mained till June, 1894, at which time
he voluntarily resigned to enter into '
the employment of a pubhshing house
as traveUing agent. During his stay
with us, eight names were added to the
church roll, and a very enthusiastic
Christian Endeavor Society was or-
ganized.

It was but a short time after Mr.
Page's withdrawal that we secured
the services of Rev. C. Wellington
Rogers of Lisbon Falls, Me., a fine
specimen of God's creation, strong
and robust in bodj'", with a mind
well equipped for the service he had
come to give us. It was during his
term of service that the meetings
were changed from afternoon to
morning, a custom that still prevails,
and this old house was generally well
filled to listen to his preaching.
But this small parish proved to be
a "pent up Utica" for him and he
yearned for a broader field and greater
results, and after a short pastorate,
of less than two years, he left us with
our regrets and lamentations. In a
few months from this time we had
engaged Mr. John W. Bell of Ames-
bury, Mass., an evangelist, to occupy
our pulpit, taking up his abode in the
parsonage. He began his labors in
July, 1896, and a council was called
and he was ordained, August 26, it be-
ing 108 years since the ordination of
Joseph Langdon. Mr. Bell was a
faithful, earnest. Christian man, a
most zealous worker in the Master's
vineyard. Frail in body and of health
impaired, he strove with all the power
he could command to convert and
save souls, and, like the ^Master whom
he served, he was by many misunder-
stood and ignored. During his minis-
try here there were thirteen names
added to the roll of membership. His

last service with us was on Sunday^
June 3, 1900. He went from here tO'
Beattystown, N. J., where, about a
year later, he was called home to meet
his God.

It was on November 4, 1900, that
Mr. Charles R. Small, a licensed
preacher, began a year's service as our
acting pastor. Mr. Small was a
young man of unusual powers of per-
ception, and gave us excellent service
as a preacher and singer, leaving us,
at the close of the year, to become the
pastor of a larger church at York,
where he was ordained into the min-
istry. He has recently been called
to locate at Bristol, R. I., as pastor
of the Congregational church in that
place.

His successor was Rev. Myron S.
Dudley who, after supplying our
pulpit for several Sabbaths as a candi-
date, began his pastorate here Mav
2, 1902. In Mr. Dudley we had with
us a man ripe in the service of the
Master, a veteran of the Civil War,
a scholar and author, a gentleman in
every sense of the word, a public-
spirited citizen, an interesting and
intelligent conversationalist, an able
sermonizer and a man after 'God's own
heart. While serving us as pastor,
on November 17, 1905, he was stricken
with heart trouble, and was taken
from us at the age of 68 years, he being
the first minister to pass away while
serving this church, since the death
of Parson Adams 122 years previous.

It was in the following month of
May, 1900, that Rev. Frank E. Rand
from Temple, N. H., began his min-
istry with us as a successor to Rev.
Mr. Dudley, remaining till August 9,
1908. Mr. and Mrs. Rand united
with this church during his pastorate,
and are still numbered with this flock
as absent members. He has retired
from the ministry and resides in
Connecticut.

On October 18, 1908, there came
to us a young man, Mr. Don Ivan
Patch, a student at Harvard College,
with an endorsement from Rev. E. C.
Smith, Secretary of the N. H. Home

Congregational Church, Nemngton 13

Missionary Society. He was given service; his sermons are well received,
^n opportunity to show his mettle and are nicely adapted to the times
and preached five Sabbaths, and was in which we live, but in no way de-
then engaged to continue his labors parting from the fundamental truths
here for an indefinite time, coming recorded in Holy Writ, and we con-
Saturdays and returning to his studies sider him a worthy successor to all
Monday mornings, and was enter- the foregoing list of faithful teachers,
tained over the Sabbath by different through whose efforts the light upon
famihes throughout the parish, giving the altar has been kept ahve during
him and the people an opportunity to these two hundred years,
become more intimately acquainted. And now, as I conclude this rambhng

It was a very pleasing arr.angement sketch, I must not fail to mention
and resulted in many pleasant recol- the debt of gratitude we, as a people,
lections that will be long cherished, owe to the good Dr. Robie, who has
Mr. Patch proved himself to be a been our friend and neighbor at Green-
person of sterling character, and of land for sixty-three years; who, when-
ability that gives promise of a bril- ever there was a lapse between the
liant future. During his term of going of one pastor and the coming of
service, lasting twenty-seven months, another, would come, and did come
there were nine members added to and minister to our needs. Many a
the church, all women and by pro- Sabbath afternoon has he, after
fession. The Christain Endeavor So- preaching to his own people in the
ciety, which had ceased to exist for morning, given us a service, and has
about seven years, was revived officiated at many funerals besides,
through his efforts and is still alive, and in many instances refusing com-
Since leaving us he has completed his pensation, returning at one time a
studies at college, taken unto himself purse of seventy-five dollars to our
a wife, been ordained, and is now church treasury which had been
a full-fledged preacher doing good collected and presented to him; and
service at North Beverly, Mass. we all hope to live to see him round

Mr. Patch voluntarily withdrew out a century, even if in so doing he
from this parish February 26, 1911, shall exceed in years of service the
and it was April 30 when Rev. Isaiah record of our first pastor, Joseph
Perley Smith, a veteran preacher, Adams, and we thus surrender to
came as a candidate to preach and, on Greenland the distinction so long en-
June 4, he was asked to come among joyed by us, as having had the longest
us to be our pastor for a year, and pastorate in the state.
remained till July 14, 1912. Mr. I feel also that this paper would
Smith retained his residence in Law- not be complete without some men-
rence, Mass., during his pastorate tion of the means provided for the
here, and our people were becoming erection of our neat and commodious
somewhat anxious to secure a minister parsonage. This was brought about,
who would become a resident and primarily, by Miss Lydia Rollins, a
occupy the parsonage which had been descendant of one of the early families
lying idle since Mr. Rand's occupancy to settle here. In her will, probated
three years previous, beheving that in 1884, some after her demise, was a
better results would follow with a bequest to the Congregational Society
resident minister and therefore Mr. of five hundred dollars, to be apphed
Smith was asked to terminate his to the building of a parsonage, pro-
relations to us as pastor, and was vided an equal sum should be sub-
followed by the coming of Rev. Wil- scribed and expended for that purpose
ham G. Berkeley and family who have within five years after her decease,
been with us since January 1, 1913. In 1886 the Congregational Society
Mr. Berkeley is giving us excellent took hold of the matter and six of the

The Granite Monthly

members subscribed one hundred
dollars each, and other contributions
were secured, making a sum of about
eighteen hundred dollars. Land was
procured and a commodious set of
buildings erected, opposite the meet-
ing house. They who subscribed
most liberally were James Hoyt,
Thomas G. Furber, Elias Frink, Darius
Frink, John A. Pickering and James
A. Pickering — one hundred dollars
each. Other contributors of the same
amount were Mrs. Hannah P. Newton,
Francis E. Langdon, M. D., and the
Church Aid Society of Newington;
other smaller contributions swelled
the amount to the total alreadj^ men-
tioned. In 1913 running water was
installed, the expense of the same
being borne by Mrs. Amanda Picker-
ing. In adchtion to the bequest of
five hundred dollars for the parsonage.
Miss Lydia Rollins also gave the sum
of one thousand dollars, and her sister
Martha the same amount, to con-
stitute a fund, the income to be ap-
plied to the support of preaching in
this church. We also have a fund of
five hundred dollars, additional, for
the same purpose, bequeathed by Mrs.
Sarah A. Langdon, a native of this
town. These funds bring us one
hundred dollars annually. The re-
mainder of our minister's salary is
secured by voluntary contributions.
The heaviest contributor at present
is Hon. Woodbury Langdon, whose
heart and purse are ever ready to
respond to our needs. We also had
another friend in the late Edwin
Hawkridge, deceased a year ago, since
which time Mrs. Hawkridge has con-
tinued to remember us.

Another and very important factor
in solving the problem of obtaining a
sufficient amount for the minister's
salary has been and is the Reaper's
Circle, composed wholly of ladies of

the parish, who have, for the past
thirty years raised by various means
about three thousand dollars which
they have expended one way and
another in furnishing the church and
parsonage, besides helping toward
paying our minister's salary, contrib-
uting the sum of fifty dollars annually.
And now as I close this narrative
we find ourselves at the threshold of
another century, a body of thirty-six
members, seven of whom reside be-
yond the limits of our township, hav-
ing but twenty-nine resident members
to carry on the various activities of
the church, raising by divers means
six hundred dollars' for the minister's
salary. The conditions that exist
here today relating to our temporal
welfare are far superior to those of
earlier times. Abundance and com-
fort abound in our homes; our bless-
ings are far beyond compute, yet
spiritually we are lacking and desti-
tute, and the question arises — Does
the present generation appreciate
and cherish this blessed heritage
passed down to us from the fathers of
two centuries ago? — this beacon light
that has stood unmoved, though often
assailed, the emblem of God's imper-
ishable Kingdom? For an answer I
look around me and find that many
of the fathers of the present day are
seldom seen within these walls; the
young men and boys spend their
Sabbaths in desecration of the day
by hunting, cycling, boating and
other forms of amusement; only about
one tenth of the inhabitants' attend
divine worship and many contribute
nothing towards its support. This is
indeed a sorry picture and it leads one
to believe and to expect that, unless
God in some mysterious way shall open
the eyes of his perverse and wayward
children, then this old church will
languish and its history will cease.

THE METTLE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE*

By Fred Lewis Pattee

A beautiful thought it was, a poet's
thought, a patriot's thought, an in-
spiration, that, forty-two years ago,
impelled General John A. Logan to
proclaim that the whole nation shall
cease for one day its labors and dw^ll
in the memory of the past; that it
shall strew with the choicest flowers
of the spring the graves of the gallant
defenders of the republic. And for
forty-two j^ears without a break the
order has been obe3^ed. Beautiful, I
say, beyond the power of words to
express, pathetic, inspiring. If there
lives an American who could look
without a swelling in his throat upon
this little band of old men who today
have marched to the graves of their
comrades, followed by the children
whose tiny hands were full of apple
blossoms, that man — let him not call
himself by the sacred name American,
Glorious the nation that cultivates
its heroic past, that lets not die the
traditions of its early years, that for-
gets not those who toiled and who
fought for her, those who gave their
lives to preserve her unit}^ and her
sacred honor.

There has been small need in the
years that are past to instruct New
Hampshire men as to the meaning of
patriotism, or to harangue them as
to their duty in times of national
crisis. If -there is a territory any-
where in this world tpday that can
boast of being free soil, that territory
is our own Granite State. It was
settled by picked men and women,
doubly picked, the best from out the
best. No cowards and weakUngs
dared to venture across that ''vast
and furious ocean" of colonial days.
Only the strongest came, men and
women of character and courage, and
iron will. And their children, that
second generation in America, fought

the wilderness and the winter and
the savage, and again it was only the
fit who survived the ordeal. This
second generation, reared in hardship,
made masters of themselves in the
iron school of the frontier, pressed
northward from the sea coast up into
these hill lands, these rocky fastnesses,
as rugged and as inhospitable a terri-
tory as the hand of man ever subdued.
For a generation the valleys rang
with the blows of their axes, and
their shouts to their toiling cattle.
It was a race of giants that cleared
these hillsides, that built those thou-
sands of miles of stone fences, that
made meadows amid the bowlders, and
that smoothed down fields that were
but heaped-up piles of glacial drift.
There were giants in those days, and
their sons were giants, mighty in
stature and strong in limb. When
the New Hampshire regiments were
fitted out at the time of the Civil War
it was found to be difficult to get uni-
forms large enough for them. The
fathers of the state were toiling men,
God-fearing men, and they were
terribly in earnest. And the later
generations that followed them were
men of character. They had fought
bare-handed with brute nature and
had won; they had had about them
the everlasting hills; they had lived
under the stars and the free heavens.

They had the still Noi-th in their souls
And the hill winds in their breath,

And the granite of New Hampshire
Was made part of them till death.

And will you make slaves of men like
these? Can you coerce or compel
them? Can you make them com-
promise when freedom is at stake?
Can you make them shrink from duty
by the mere telling of danger?
"Mountaineers," runs the saying,,
"are always free," and where were

*An address (the introduetoiy paragraph, only, omitted) delivered before Nelson Post, G. A. R., at Bristol, May
30, 1910. Published for the historic interest attached to many facts presented, and because of its appeal to the-
patriotic American spirit.

The Granite Monthly

there ever mountaineers more free
than those who breathed the air of
these White Mountain fastnesses?

New Hampshire is one of the few
:states of the whole world that after
nearly three centuries of corporate
existence can boast that no foreign
soldier ever set foot on her shore save
as a guest or as a prisoner of war.
New Hampshire is law-abiding: it is
one of the two states in the Union in
which there never has been a lynch-
ing. New Hampshire is free: it was
the first colony to expel her royal
governor. She has borne arms in
ten wars and always with distinction.
At Lewisburg in colonial days, William
Vaughn, with four hundred New
Hampshire men, captured the royal
battery and decided the day.

The Revolution, suddenly as it
came at last, found New Hampshire
ready. By law every male inhabitant
from sixteen to sixty had been required
to own a musket, bayonet, knapsack,
cartridge-box, one pound of powder,
twenty bullets, and twelve flints.
Ever}' town was required to keep in
readiness for use one barrel of powder,
two hundred pounds of lead, and three
hundred flints. Only four days after
the battle of Lexington two thousand
New Hampshire men of their own
free will reported for duty, declaring,
to use their own words, that they
would "not return till the work was
done." Three weeks later the state
raised three regiments and placed
them under General Ward. Then
came Bunker Hill. Gentlemen of
the Grand Army, you will search the
standard histories in vain for the
whole truth as to this battle. The
reports were written by Massachu-
setts men who would fain turn the
glory of that battle to the old Bay
State. Little is said about how Sulli-
van and Langdon took Fort William
and Mary, the first British post that
was captured during the war, seized
its garrison, and carried away one
hundred barrels of powder, the powder
that made Bunker Hill possible.
Senator Lodge in his history of the

battle says: "Stark and his company
now arrived on the field." Gentle-
men, look at that company. It
contained twelve hundred New Hamp-
shire men, more than half of all the
forces engaged in the battle. Fiske
says that the American loss of life
was almost wholly along the rail fence,
but he does not add that that rail
fence was held by New Hampshire
men who did not break when the
centre broke, but under the cool lead-
ership of Stark covered the retreat,
held the neck of the peninsula till
the last Massachusetts man had
crossed over, and thus prevented the
battle from ending in disaster.

It was Washington liimself who
declared that the four New Hamp-
shire regiments — six hundred moun-
taineers — won the battle of Trenton
"before the other troops knew any-
thing of the matter." And in the
archives of our state are the trophies
of Bennington, a battle won almost
wholly by New Hampshire men after
a march of fifty miles, and it must
not be forgotten that it was the
battle of Bennington that broke the
power of Burgoyne and ultimately
won our independence.

And in our Civil War the record is
as glorious. In 1860, had New Hamp-
shire wavered one moment, Abraham
Lincoln would never have been nomi-
nated in the Chicago convention.
She gave him the entire ten votes of
the state and he was nominated by
the bare majority of one and one-half
votes. Nobly she supported him In
the election which followed, giving
him a plurality over Douglas of 11,639
votes. Lincoln never forgot his debt
to the state: he spoke of it often.
And her faith in him never wavered.
When in the black April of 1861 he
called for seventy-five thousand vol-
unteers to put down the insurrection
in the South, no state surpassed her
in alacrity. In fifteen days her first
regiment had been enrolled and was
in camp, and there had volunteered
a thousand men more than were
needed. "We are coming, father

The Mettle of New Hampshire

Abraham, a hundred thousand strong."
Thirty-two thousand New Hamp-
shire men first and last went into the
Union armies, New Hampshire's full
share.

What impelled these men of New
Hampshire to go forth with such
alacrity- and in such numbers? They
were not compelled to go. The old
Granite State was hundreds of miles
from the scene of action. My adopted
state of Pennsylvania \Yas invaded,
and regiments were raised with the
cry, "Your homes are in danger,"
but New Hampshire men were six
hundred miles from danger of in-
vasion. The South fought with a
gallantry unsurpassed in warfare, but
the enemy was on their hearth-stones.
New^ Hampshire, on the contrary, was
fighting merely for a principle, she
sent her sons to battle for an idea,
and rather than surrender this idea
thej^ would give their lives.

Fellow-citizens, that is character,
that is the mettle of these northern
hills. Rather than allow one star to
be erased from the banner that Wash-
ington had made possible, that Jack-
son had battled for, that Webster had
defended, thej^ would lay down their
lives. Desperately as the South
fought, the North fought better, for
they were fighting for the flag of their
country and in their hearts they knew
they were right. No more tremen-
dously earnest men ever went into
battle. They gave themselves utterty.
Almost five thousand of them died
in the struggle, or one man out of
every six, to say nothing of those who
came back sick and disabled. New
Hampshire men lie in every one of the
thirty-eight national cemeteries. Her
men were in every battle of the war.
Eight of her regiments were at Fred-
ericksburg, three fought in the Wilder-
ness, at Spottsylvania, and Port
Hudson, three were at Gettysburg and
Antietam and Deep Bottom, seven
were at Drury's Bluff, nine were at
Cold Harbor, eleven out of the total
eighteen were at Petersburg, and, to
speak of no other battles, there were

New Hampshire regiments at Bull
Run, Malvern Hill, at Fort Fisher,
Fair Oaks, Chancellorsville, South
Mountain, A^icksburg, and Winches-
ter. The first man to fall in the war
was Luther Ladd, a New Hampshire
man, yes, a Bristol man, and the first
Union regiment to enter Richmond at
the close of the long struggle was
one of our own, honor to whom honor
is due, the Thirteenth New Hamp-
shire volunteers.

I might spend the whole hour telling
of the deeds of New Hampshire men
on the fields of this war. I might tell
of the grape-vine bridge that saved
from destruction the army of the
Potomac at Fair Oaks and turned
defeat into victory, a structure that
stood when all other bridges had been
swept away by floods, a structure
built solely by Colonel Cross of Lan-
caster and the volunteers of the Fifth
New Hampshire. I have no time
for the recounting of heroic deeds. I
can say this and it gives me pride to
be able to say it : No New Hampsliire
regiment ever faltered a moment
when ordered into battle even when,
as in the case of the Twelfth at Chan-
cellorsville and Cold Harbor, or the
Second at Groveton, or the fighting
Fifth at Antietam, advance meant
destruction as surely as ever it did to
the Light Brigade at Balaklava.

The Fifth New Hampshire lost
during the war seventeen and six-
tenths per cent, of its original volun-
teers by wounds in battle alone, to saj'
nothing of those who died of disease;
the Twelfth lost fourteen and one-
tenth per cent.; the Third lost twelve
and eight-tenths per cent. Counting
deaths from all causes, the Ninth lost
twenty-nine per cent, of its original
volunteers, or almost one man in
three; the Fifth and the Seventh lost
almost the same; and the Twelfth
lost twenty-six and three-tenths per
cent., or one man out of every four.

But it is needless to eulogize New
Hampshire or New Hampshire men.
Her record is where the whole world
can read it. She mav be small and

18 The Granite Monthly

rough, her soil may be rock-bound, wards," a speech as worthy of record

and her winters may be severe, but as even that of Sydney at Zutphen.

the state that produced a Stark, a A New Hampshire man, and here he

Sullivan, a Langdon, a Hale, and a died. Again in the bloodiest angle

Webster, needs no eulogist. Her past of the advance I came upon the New

speaks to the whole world. Hampshire granite. It was where

Four years ago on a June afternoon the Second Regiment's desperate de-

I was on the battlefield of Gettysburg, fence made the Peach Orchard his-

I stood on Round Top. I drove along toric. Irememberedthat, of the three

the positions held by the Union lines — hundred and fifty-four men of this

the Wheat Field, Plum Run, the regiment who charged into this or-

Devil's Den, the Peach Orchard, chard, twenty were killed outright,

Cemetery Ridge, Gulp's Hill. It one hundred and thirty-seven were

thrilled me, but on all that memorable wounded and thirty-six were missing,

day there were but three times when or every other man. And I remem-

my heart fluttered fast and the tears bered, too, that it was this same New

came into my eyes. The rest of the Hampshire regiment that at Groveton,

field was a moving story, fascinating entirely unsupported, charged the

beyond words, but thrice it became Confederate position with bayonets,

more than a mere battlefield. There crashing entirely through their twa

were no tears in my eyes as I stood lines in a hand-to-hand struggle that

where that gallant charge of the left behind them one third of their

Southern' chivalry swept like a thun- whole force in killed and wounded,

derbolt into the Union centre, or as I Again as I followed the Emmetsburg

stood where Armistead fell in the very road I came upon the New Hamp-

heart of the Union lines, the high- shire granite. It was on what had

water mark of the Civil War, nor even been the most bloody angle of the

in that consecrated acre that holds whole field where the Twelfth New

the thousands of the unknown dead. Hampshire had stood for two mortal

It was not here that the tears filled my hours on that awful July afternoon,

eyes till I no longer could see the bat- I read the inscription on that monu-

tleground or the monuments to the ment. It is terse, it is eloquent, even

dead. It was in the Wheat Field as that on the field of Thermopylae:

under Round Top in the edge of the July 2, 1863. Engaged, 224; killed,

oaks where I came upon a piece of 20; wounded, 73; died of wounds, 6.

New Hampshire granite and upon it Do you realize what that inscrip-

the record that on that spot fell tion says? Just half of the regiment

Colonel Cross of the Fifth New Hamp- that went into that fight was killed on

shire and twenty of his men. That the spot or else wounded. Then I

regiment I remembered had gone read on the back of the monument :

from home a thousand strong and rr..- • . . , . ,

„j"+^ +u^ u«++i« •+ u 1 ,„"+ 1 1 J^his regiment was raised in four days;

after the battle it had niustered only g^^ved nearly three years in the armies of the

eighty effective men. The rest had Potomac and the James, and lost in killed

fallen at Fair Oaks, at Malvern Hill, and wounded over fifty per cent, of those

Antietam, South Mountain, Fred- engaged at ChanceUorsville and Cold Harbor

• 1 u, nu^ 11 -11 I, 1 and oi its original number while in the service,

encksburg, ChanceUorsville, or had it marched to this field on the night of the

become incapacitated by disease or fii-st, fought here on the second, and supported

wounds. I remembered how that the centre against Pickett's charge on the

gallant leader had been wounded four third.

times before Gettysburg, once at Fair Citizens of Bristol, let me remind

Oaks where he had cried out to those you that that regiment Avas recruited

who had stopped to bear him to the almost entirely within a radius of

rear: "Never mind me, whip the twenty-five miles from this town hall,

enemy first and take care of me after- that one third of it came from Bristol^

The Mettle of New Hampshire

Alexandria, and Hill. To read its
history is to realize the mettle of the
men of these hillsides and valleys.
Do you know that at Chancellorsville
this regiment almost unsupported
held the Confederate centre until a
southern captive afterwards said that
if they had moved up a gunshot they
could have fought behind a rampart
of rebel dead? Do you know that at
Cold Harbor they charged a battery
and fell so thickly that several of the
regiment lay down thinking that since
all about them had fallen to the
ground the order to lie down had been
given and they had not heard it?
And do you know that the battleflag
of that regiment as it rests today a
priceless relic in the archives of our
state is not all there? Ask any sur-
vivor of that regiment where the rest
of that flag is and he will rise to his
feet to tell you that Sergeant Howe of
Holderness, who bore it at Gettysburg,
fell dead in the charge, but his fingers
were' clutched so fiercely upon the
flag that he was bearing that Corporal
Davis who tried to take it from his
hands could not loosen their hold, and
in the haste of the battle could secure
it only by leaving a piece a foot square
in that dead grip. That is the mettle
of New Hampshire men.

I have spoken of only three regi-
ments, but the same tale could be
told of every organization that went
from our state. I could spend the day
with incidents of heroic patriotism.
I could tell of the Sixth at Bull Run,
of the Eighth at Port Hudson when
out of one company only four came
back unhurt, of the Thirteenth at
Fredericksburg, of the Sixth and Ninth
in the Wilderness and Spottsylvania,
but to tell it all would be to create
another history of the war.

But to come nearer home: This
town of Bristol has its record, and it
is one that matches well the proud
record of the state of which it is a part.
Let me quote from Musgrove's His-
tory of Bristol. After giving a list of
the soldiers from New Chester who
served in the Colonial army during

the Revolution, it says: "The above
list contained thirty-four names,
which lacked but three of being just
equal to the total number of enrolled
men in NeAV Chester in 1775, including
those in the army." In other words
the town furnished as many men for
the Revolutionary war as there were
men in the town, lacking only three.
Truly, as the history says, it is enough
"to make all succeeding generations
proud of the record of the yeomen of
the town."

For the Civil War Bristol furnished
one hundred and twenty different
men, a number Avhich was more than
half of those who voted in the election
of 1861. Of these "twelve died of
disease, twelve were killed in action or
died of wounds, twenty-two were
wounded, ten of them twice and one
of them three times." The town
furnished forty men for the Twelfth
Regiment and Alexandria some thirty-
five, nearly all of whom were enlisted
in one dav by Captain Blake Fowler,
the father of Dr. H. B. Fowler, a
father and son whom any town or
any state would be proud to enscribe
on her roll of honor. Furthermore,
Bristol raised upwards of $35,000 for
the prosecution of the war, a sum
which averaged between five and six
dollars for every man, woman and
child of her population.

But the price which Bristol paid, and
indeed which the whole North paid,
can never be estimated in amounts
of money or in numbers of men. Not
half of the suffering and the sacrifices
of those dark days can ever be told.
Not all the graves of those who died
on account of the war were decorated
toda}'. Of many of those who suf-
fered the most keenly the world will
never hear. What pen can tell of
the old mothers and fathers whose
sons were at the front? Of the wives
and the children and the sweethearts
in these little New Hampshire villages
as the days and weeks dragged on
with no news? The soldier had the
excitement and the comradery of the
camp, and even in the battle he wa,s

The Granite Monthly

carried along by the rush of events,
by the thrill of the moment, by the
esprit de corps that made him for a
time forget the awful danger, and rush
on in reckless excitement. And at
the front he always knew the latest
news of the regiment; he knew the
worst at once and the best, but the
mothers at home — there should be a
wreath today on the grave of every
mother who gave a son to this war.
They are all gone now, those mothers
of the war. The strife that united
our nation added to their gray hairs
and shortened their days. All honor
to the mothers of New Hampshire men
who could offer even their sons on the
altar of freedom that their country
might not perish!

But there is little need of my re-
viewing the war for you old soldiers
of the Grand Army of the Republic.
You know it all better than I can ever
know it, though I might give my life
to the task. I was born in the battle
year of 1863, and all that I know of
the great struggle has come from
books and from the narratives of
veterans, but there are those still
living and present today who fought
at Chancellorsville, at Fredericksburg,
at Gettysburg, at Cold Harbor and
Petersburg, and a score of other
battles besides, and they need no
words from me to tell them of the
mettle of New Hampshire men, or of
the deeds that helped to add to the
glories of the old state we all love.
Nonetheless it has seemed wise to
me to dwell upon these things for the
sake of those who, like me, know only
of the traditions of the struggle. The
greater part of this audience was born
since the war. It will be half a cen-
tury next April since the firing upon
Fort Sumter. The man of sixty
today in this audience was only nine
years old on that historic day. To
the children in our public schools the
war seems as unreal and as far away
as did the Revolution to you veterans
in your own school days. The awful
cost of the war, its suffering, its sacri-
fices, are fading from the realization

of our people. It comes no longer
with a grip at the heart, and it is but
natural. You of 1861 thought little
of the War of 1812, a struggle that has
been called our real war of independ-
ence, a war fiercely fought and proudly
won, yet that war was as near to you
when you enlisted as the Civil War is
to our school children today.

As the old soldiers drop out one by
one, as the years roll by with their new
problems, we are in danger of forget-
ting what the war cost and what it
meant. Memorial Day, after all, is
more for the living than for the dead.
It is for the impressing upon the rising
generation of the lessons of the past;
it is for a reviewing of the glorious
deeds of the fathers on the fields of
battle, not that war may be exalted
or encouraged, but to instill deeply
the lessons of loyalty to the flag and
to the nation, of courage and fidelity
to duty, of hatred of oppression, and
of a love for freedom in this glorious
land of the free. And it is only as we
are true to our past, it is only as our
boys and girls have instilled deeply in
their hearts these vital principles,
that our nation can exist.

The smoke has cleared with the
years. The hatreds and the prejudice
have died awaJ^ The marks of war
have all been obliterated and a new
South has arisen upon the battlefields
and along the fiery trails of the armies.
The war now is but the evening dream
of things afar. What did it accom-
plish? Was it worth while that forty
thousand young Northern men should
be offered up on the altar of the Wil-
derness and Spottsylvania alone. Has
it been worth the price of two hundred
and fifty thousand human lives, the
very heart's blood of the nation, the
picked young men just in the blossom
of their manhood? Was the truly
fabulous sum of money expended in
this war too great? Was the price
too much?

No. Great as the price was, it was
not too much. Today we are only
beginning to realize what the war
meant. Let us pause for a moment

The Mettle of New Hampshire 21

and consider. In 1860 we had but Atlantic, the third act will center

thirty-one millions of people. The about the Pacific, and the United

mighty empire across the Mississippi States, with the Panama canal, the

was largely primeval wilderness in- whole northwestern coast, the Hawai-

habited by savages and thundered ian Islands, and the Philippines, holds

over by countless herds of buffaloes, in its hands the future of that ocean.

A railroad across the continent was The third act in the mighty drama is

undreamed of; news from England to be ours.

took two weeks to come; a journey to Now imagine, if you can, America

the Pacific coast took longer than it with all this mighty future before her

does today to circumnavigate the divided into two discordant parts,

globe. We were a provincial little Think of the jealousies and the feuds

nation to be compared 'almost with between these two nations one of

the United States of Brazil as it exists which had come into being in defiance

today. Who could foresee that in of the other. Let us think of our

scarce fifty years we should make of Constitution as successfully defied

that mighty buffalo range, that vast and triumphed over, of disunion as

American desert, the granary of the an estabhshed precedent, of state

world, that we should throw railroad sovereignty as an undisputed fact, of

after railroad across the continent, slavery as an institution which had

that we should string its vast sweep been buttressed by a successful war.

with nerves that would bring all of its Is your imagination equal to it?

ends together in a moment, that we Mine is not. And yet all this would

should bring Europe within four days' have come had these soldiers not gone

journey and be able to communicate forth in their strength and poured out

with her as we do our next door their last full measure of devotion,
neighbor at home? Who could fore- In the rush and confusion of the

see then that we were to increase from war it all seemed like chaos. For a

thirty to ninety millions with the time it seemed as if anarchy reigned

prospect of two hundred millions and as if the demons of hell had been

within the next century, that we let loose to work their will upon earth,

should become a world power, and but now all is in different light. The

that the sun would never set upon the plans of Almighty God work them-

territory over which waves the stars selves out often with slowness, but

and stripes? But all this has come they Avork always to an end that at

true and within the lifetime of you length is seen to have been inevitable,

veterans of the Grand Army of the Lincoln saw it. His words in 1864

Republic. The thunder of Dewey's have become a part of our histor}^:

guns at Manila and of Schley's at rp,„ ai_;„i,+„ u„„ u-
§,. i,j ]xi,iu ^'^^ Almighty has his own purposes.

Santiago echoed around the globe . . . Fondly do we hope, fervently do we

and it taught the nations that a new pray, that this mighty scourge of war may

star had arisen, that the scepter of speedily pass away, yet if God wills that it

world power was no longer in the East. ZSlo"rj'/o\lte'l »rflft;^ye'^rs'of

"Westward the path of empire takes its way. " um-equited toil shall be sunk, and until every

„ 1 , » j^ ±1 -J drop of blood drawn by the lash shall be paid

England, lor centuries the mistress by another drawn by the sword, as it was said

of the Atlantic, is not the mistress of three thousand years ago so still it must be

the Pacific. Europe is awake. Our said, "the judgments of the Lord are true

great armada that circled lately the ^"^ "^^^^^^^ altogether,
globe changed^ the thinking of the It is clear now. To us of the twen-

Eastern world. Their day is past, tieth century human slavery seems

The early history of the world, to belong to the far dark ages of

the first act in the mighty drama, mankind, to barbarism and savagery,

centered about the Mediterranean, It is inconceivable to us that it existed

the second act centered about the on the free soil of America not fifty

22 The Granite Monthly

years ago. Had the war done noth- North is sleeping now the sleep that

ing but this, these dead whose graves knows no waking. And the most of

we decorate today would not have those who remain have reached the

died in vain. It made the land of the Scriptural limit of threescore years

free for the first time in its history, and ten. A few more May days like

really and truly the land of the free. this and we shall miss all of them;

Then, too, the war taught us that 32,831 died last year,
the yeomen of America are her stand- Fellow-citizens, the most valuable

ing army. She needs no great military thing our nation has today is that

system, no barracks in every town, no little body of old men. While they

law that compels every young man live our country is secure. Their

to spend some of his best years as a presence is an inspiration. Every

conscript. Our war taught us that veteran here should be on this plat-

the volunteer soldier of America is the form in the place of honor where all

best fighting man that the world has may see. Their mere presence is

ever seen, and that he can be depended worth a thousand-fold more than any

upon in the crisis. The New Hamp- paltry words of mine. Cherish them;

shire regiments, man for man, were make their old age joyous; nothing is

remarkable bodies, IntelUgent, alert, too good for them. And here in their

educated in the red school-houses of presence let us all resolve that, so far

the hills, clear-brained and self-de- as it lies in our power, those things

pendent. Strong of body, ambitious, that they fought for shall not perish

trained to work, and free as the hill from our nation. Let us resolve that

winds are free, they formed a fighting the traditions of the glorious past

body that was remarkable. Until shall not die with them. Let us

the substitutes began to come, the pledge ourselves that Memorial Day

regiments were great families and no shall still go on after those who fought

stringent laws were necessary. They in the great war have all been gath-

had volunteered for business. Like ered into the greater bivouac beyond

the men of the Revolution, they had this life. We need the lessons of

gone to stay until the work was done, those stirring days; we need the stimu-

There were no peasants in those lus of their patriotism and their sac-
regiments. Several months ago I rifice,

stood in a German barracks yard and Men of Bristol, keep the town's

watched the arrival of the new recruits: name true to its glorious past; keep

the peasant lads of eighteen ready for your state's name abreast of its glori-

their two years of service in the army, ous traditions. There are no wars now

A pathetic sight it was. The most to fight with rebellious states or with

of them were mere clods like that foreign foes, and we thank God there

awful figure in Millet's "The Man are not. May honorable peace for-

with the Hoc," Thank God America ever sit on the banners of our nation,

has no war machine made up of but, if war must sometime come, so

material like this. The great con- live that Bristol men may be found

flict taught us that if war shall ever again ready and efficient. Make the

come to us again — and God grant it old town stand for law and order, for

shall not — the free sons of America sobriety, for patriotism, for progres-

will rise again of their own accord and siveness, for righteousness. See to it

they will be invincible, that the sons and the daughters are

All honor to the volunteer soldier, reared so as to be worthy of their

It was he and not the officers who won state. The call today is for men, and

the war. All honor to the little band New Hampshire must not fail in her

of veterans who still survive. Four chief crop, and she will not fail if we

fifths of all that magnificent body of are true to the traditions of this day,

men that formed the army of the While America holds as her heroes

Two Sonnets

Washington and Lincoln she can
never be craven; while New Hamp-
shire remembers her Stark, her Lang-
don, her Cross, she can never sink
into degradation; while Bristol keeps
green the graves of her heroes of the
great war and teaches her children
the great lessons that the armies of
that war have left as a priceless heri-
tage, she can never be ignored and
never be despised.

The world is rising ever to higher
altitudes. Let us keep its tune in
our hearts; let us keep step with the
highest and the best. In the words

of the immortal Garfield, "It remains
for us, consecrated by that great war
and under a covenant with God to
keep that faith, to go forward in the
great work until it shall be completed^'
Following the lead of that firm sweet
soul who stood at the nation's helm
in all the storm, and obeying the high
behests of God, let us remember that

He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall
never call retreat,

He is sifting out the hearts of men before his
mercy seat,

Oh be swift my soul to answer him, be jubi-
lant my feet,

Our God is marching on.

TWO SONNETS

(In Memory of C. E. H.)

By James Riley

Approbation

He climbed steep stairs and knew it not that day,

So great his heart's contending hope and fear;
For he unschooled would critic ask to say

Was his the line of heart to heart sincere?
And would it reach the trodders on the way?

Stepping! Stepping! Stepping! On to his dread Near!
And all this in from winter's cold and gray!

What would be Learning's verdict midst this drear?
A genial late sun meets and leads him now

On to his lasting Light ! And O the glow
On Approbation's more than ivied brow

As there the scholar read! Music's on-flow
Continued as Joy's ship with Hope at prow

Now sailed her seas afar where dream-flowers blow.

Character

A boy he looked to Greylock's tow'ring height,

That massed its cloud or daunted sun or star!
And there saw Truth in ever changing light —

Pointing! Pointing! Forever pointing far!
So 'twas the hill-taught child would later write
- The world's great abstract from its books, and
Weigh Mind in marveled page! — ^Its halt or flight!

But more than all this was his round and whole
In grasp and hold of hand on Man's plinth high!

Strong as the hills he left his great far soul
Breathed character! Here coin rang to defy

Taint of man's unevened! And why Worth's roll
Flamed as she wrote his name, and reasons why.

dare

24 The Granite Monthly

THE LITTLE OLD MAID

By R. M. S.

Nothing but a little old maid,

Shrivelled and plain, and prim;
Her form in thread-bare garb arrayed,
Her vision failing and dim;

Yet unlovely wives,

And soiled wives.
And wives who hated their yoke.

And fooHsh men.

And faithless men
Of manhood paupered and broke.

Felt license to leer,

To grin and to sneer —
To sneer at the palpable joke.

They saw but scanty locks of gray,

Though once a fluff of gold-brown hair;

They saw but quivering lips that pray.
Their smile a mirthless prayer.

The soul rears its altar, unmeasured, unseen,
And its flame is fed with hopes once green;
Youth, strength, and gold-brown hair,
Love and dreams, are alike laid there,
Till its blind fire dies, and its ash lies cold,
And red warm youth is pale and old..

A daughter's debt she owed.

And a daughter's debt is a long debt.

As a waiting love is a waning love.

The debt is paid;

The burden lifted.

But the bearer is wasted;

Feet falter that ran.
The jibe and the jeer grow dull on the ear.
And the scorner may hoard his scorn.

Stainless, uncared

She walketh alone;
Forgotten the girlish grace and form.

Nothing but a little old maid.

Shrivelled and plain, and prim;
Her form in thread-bare garb arrayed.

Her vision failing and dim.

Human flotsam and jetsam, the waste of the wave,.
That breaks on the shore and recedes to its cave.
Yet no hero stood firmer, no martyr gave more

Than that little old maid uncomplainingly bore.
And the path unillumined that duty hath trod.
Still leads to the smile of an infinite God.

STORY OF AN OLD HOUSE

By Fred Myron Colby

The old house stood at the end of a today. The old house never stood a
country road, with a beautiful out- siege, but an interesting story is
look. On one side were the hills, connected with this warhke insignia,
gracefully wooded, sloping down to The summer the house was built and
the valley. Bald Mountain, at the before it was finished, great-grand-
north, alone towering aloft with its father's folks moved into it from the
bare sides and summit of granite, a Httle log cabin. One September night
noble point in the landscape. The great-grandfather was late in getting
house stood at the very foot of the home from the "Corner," where he
mountain, and below extended the had been to buy some groceries, and
valley, bisected by a silvery stream great-grandmother was alone in the
and dotted with white farm-houses, house with her firstborn child. The
Intermixed with these were green outside door was unhung and the
woodlands and cultivated fields — a entrance was protected by a heavy
quiet pastoral scene. quilt hung across the inside. In the

The house was the second oldest evening a bear, prowling about the
framed house built in town. Great- premises, sought to enter the house,
grandfather Durrell had built it Great-grandmother recognized the
before the Revolution. He had car- enemy and made a vigorous defence,
ried the boards on his back across Bruin, despite her protests, insisted
lots a mile and a half from the Davis upon entering, and great-grandmother
sawmill on Silver Brook. The bricks resorted to a great iron poker drawn
of the huge chimney were brought redhot from the coals in the great
from the Evans' brickyard, down in fireplace. Just at that moment great-
the valley, in the same way. All grandfather returned, and, seeing the
the work was done by great-grand- bear trying to force an entrance, dis-
father and the neighbors, and I sup- charged his musket. The shot killed
pose there was not a prouder woman the bear, the bullet going through
than great-grandmother in the settle- Bruin's head and penetrating the
ment, when she moved into it from the door post — mute memento of an
humble log cabin which they had adventure that was the neighbor-
built when they first moved into the hood's talk for many months there-
wilderness, after.

All around the house were hlac On the intei-vale, at the lower de-

and rose bushes, which great-grand- clivity of the farm, there was a

mother had brought from her girlhood famous spring, with some medicinal

home in Newburyport. They grew properties, which was frequently

and thrived in their transplanted visited by the constantly decreasing

home in New Hampshire, as they band of Indians. Sometimes the red

never did in their earlier home by the men would remain camped by the

sea, and it was always one of the sights spring for a number of days, wander-

of the town — the quantity of roses ing up to the house occasionally for

and hlacs that bloomed by the old something to eat. Once great-grand-

Durrell homestead. Rose Lawn and mother was alone when the red men

Lilac Lodge were names given to the came up to the door. They made so

old place by later generations, and rnuch noise that grandmother, a

were well deserved appellations. baby in the cradle, was awakened.

In the casing of the front door was a But the forest men hushed the child,

bullet hole, which is plainly visible and gave her of their feather head-

'26 The Granite Monthly

gear and of their red and yellow indeed, but without a scratch upon

paint, so that the babe' went to sleep her.

again, and the Indians always after- Great-grandmother had placed a

wards called her their little pappoose. lamp in the window of the great

You may be sure that great-grand- kitchen, for she said, perhaps the

mother gave her visitors all that child may see it and it will be a guide

they desired in the way of food, to her feet and a light to her path.

And so that incident wove itself into And indeed it had. Little Ermen-

the history of the old house. trude had fallen asleep in the long

When the Revolution broke out, sultry afternoon hours, and late in the
great-grandfather and a dozen of his night had been awakend by the
neighbors went to Cambridge, and clamor on the hills. Her eyes had
were among those who made such caught the gleam of the lamp in the
brave defence with Stark behind the window and she had followed it all
rail fence at Bunker Hill. Later he the long way from the hill to find
followed Stark to Bennington, and home and shelter at last,
when he returned he brought with One more story the old house has to
him as a captive guest one of Baum's tell, although there are many others
Hessians — a young blonde Teuton it might relate if it chose to do so.
who had been dangerously wounded When the war between the states
in that decisive battle. The Hes- broke out and President Lincoln had
sian remained weeks in the old house issued the call for seventy-five thou-
watched over and cared for by grand- sand men, father Durrell was one of
mother (the little pappoose) who was the first to enlist. He had just been
now a young lady of twenty. With married, his bride being Ermentrude's
good nursing and care. King George's daughter. Grandfather and grand-
soldier gradually recovered, and to mother were still alive and carried on
complete the romance he and grand- the old farm. The wedding had been
mother married and bought an ad- on a beautiful May day. The last of
joining farm. June he went with his regiment to

The years roll on and the old house Virginia in time to participate in the
has another story to tell. Grand- first battle of Bull Run. His wedding
mother and her Hessian were the suit packed in an old trunk, just as
parents of six children, the youngest he left it, is still remaining in the
of which was Ermentrude — the dar- attic of the old house. After the
ling of them all. One July day all second battle of Bull Run he was re-
the neighbors, old and young, went ported umong the missing, and as no
up Bald Mountain to pick blueberries, news ever came of him it came to be
Busily their fingers worked all day believed that he was dead. In that
filling the pails and baskets with the time I was born,
luscious berries, and an hour before Thanksgiving Day in 1862 was a
sundown the berry-pickers started notable event. It was the first
homeward. But little Ermentrude Thanksgiving ever appointed by a
could not be found. Where she had President, and for the first time some
wandered they could not tell. Every- notable successes had attended the
body turned out in the search, horns Northern arms. So in every North-
were sounded and dinner bells rung, crn household the Thanksgiving table
but no trace was found of the lost was set with bounteous cheer. But
child. All night long the search was at ours, as at many others, there
continued, but just before dawn was a vacant chair, and there was
great-grandmother heard a feeble, very small taste for feasting. Just
piteous voice at the door, and when as we were about to sit down, a tall
she opened it there stood the six- thin man, pale and worn, dressed in
year-old child, tired and frightened, a suit of Union blue that showed

Mount Vernon

usage and wear, came to the door.
He was invited to enter and partake
of our good cheer. But when he
.stood facing the household there was
a loud cry, and mother fell into his
arms. It was our soldier who had
been mourned as dead.

He had been taken prisoner and
had nearly perished in the rebel
prison pens, but had been given a
discharge and would have to serve
no longer. And indeed he never was
.able to do a day's work afterwards.
But that was a merry Thanksgiving,

the merriest we ever had, for the
dead had returned to us, the lost had
been found.

The old house still stands looking
out upon the valley, through its
blooming borders of rose and lilac
bushes. It still gives shelter to the
family whose ancestor built it one
hundred and sixty-five years ago.
It cherishes its old memories, but it
has not forgotten to be hospitable.
It loves to dream of the old times,
but it has also a greeting and a wel-
come for all inquiring visitors.

MOUNT VERNON

By Bertha B. P. Greene

Sung in song and told in story, so the world its history knows:

Standing there in simple grandeur it o'erlooks, in calm repose,

The Potomac — grand old river — ^as silently it onward flows.

I people its halls with grace and beauty — for the feast and for the dance — •

Brilliant hues and fine in texture, patch and powder,

Standing in the stately parlor, lost in thoughts of a misty past;

I see the old colonial statesmen, with belle and beau in the vision cast.

I hear the scrape of a darkey's fiddle, and a call for the old "Virginia Reel";

Feel the rhythm of the dancers, hear a low laugh's silver peal;

And the glow of bayberry candles, from their silver stands so tall.

Their perfumed radiance giving, softly gleam along the wall,

Where a portrait there is hanging, rich in tone, of colors old;

'Tis a face both kind and mighty, pictured by the lines so bold.

And you read the heavy markings that deep thought and care have laid;

(Borne with the strength of purpose that our Nation's history made).

A mark, where he crossed the icebound river that cold December night;

When the whirling snow and the bitter cold shut the land from his weary

sight.
But my vision clings to the homestead, with its light and merry cheer;
I do not sense the sadness, the sorrowing heart or tear.
Or feel the velvet blackness of the tomb by the river near.
Just the love, and faith of his countrymen, their trust in war, or peace;
Their courage and life, with his heart in the strife; to his glory as years increase.
First, in the war for his country; in its heart the first he stood,
And for peace when the need arose, first stood for his country's good.
His home, his tomb and the river are left from the long ago.
And his name shall be honored and cherished, as long as the river shall flow.

ONENESS AND OTHERNESS

The Musings of a Quiet Thinker
By Francis H. Goodall

Two of the gravest mental prob-
lems, with which thinkers have
struggled, are oneness (unity) and
otherness (diversity).

The problem is to separate, and,
also, to attempt to reconcile, the
conflicting views and differences,
which arise in considering these mat-
ters.

Unity leads us directly toward the
hard-beaten paths of predestination,
foreordination, fate, and to all the
perplexing problems involved there-
with: that is — everything is all fixed
and predetermined from the beginning
by universal laws and decrees.

But, diversity (or variety) leads
us into every little by-path and way-
side station, where we may wander
around indefinitely, among illusions
and pitfalls, in vicAving the numerous
changes going on about us — thus
verifying that celebrated remark of
Edmund Burke, namely ^ — -"AVhat
shadows we are and what shadows
we pursue": or what my wise, ethical
friend, Ralph Waldo Emerson, so
aptly contends for, viz. : that "We are
all poor empirical pretensions."

We should, therefore, try to keep
our thinking machines in first class
working order, so that we can better
reconcile and understand these nu-
merous, conflicting problems and sift
out the illusions and deceptive ap-
pearances from what is really true,
substantial and good.

In this semi-automatic age, the
tendency grows much stronger toward
dementalization, decadence and de-
generation in the mad rush and whirl
for "getting rich quick," regardless
of everything else, and thus sacrificing

our spiritual, mental, moral and
physical growth, vigor, and well-
being to Mammon, which is really
"Knocking us down and out" with a
solar plexus blow, so that we are un-
fitted for any true enjoyment of life
and its blessings.

There are two sides to almost every
question; so that, if we wish to arrive
at reasonably correct conclusions,
we must learn to look at both sides
before we act; then, after mature
reflection and balancing of the differ-
ent views, we shall finally arrive at
a much more definite conclusion.

The mind naturally runs after
and dwells on similarities — but to
make it sharper and more discrim-
inating, we should carefully notice
"dissimilarities." We shall then
form much more correct views and
opinions of life and its varied duties.

To solve a problem in mathematics
we must understand the relation of
figures and take into consideration
all the items relating thereto. So it
is in solving the problems of life and
destiny, we must learn, by careful
experience and observation, to under-
stand our limitations; to sift all the
facts carefully; to reject that which
is illusive and visionary; to hold fast
to that which is based on the principles
of right and truth, and which tends
to promote the welfare and well-being
of all men.

He who lives truly will see truly,
and all true peace and happiness in
this life rests, finally, on the triumph
of principles. We may then, indeed,
"glory in our tribulations," when,
like great, dark shadows, they may
happen to fall on our pathwaj'.

Twilight in the City 29

TWILIGHT IX THE CITY.

By Lucy H. Heath

Hurry! hurry! crowd and crush,
Everybody's in a rush;
Cars are crowded everj-where.
Underground and in the air,
Surface cars a perfect jam.
Everybody's going home.

Faces tired, faces sad;
Faces anxious, faces glad;
Faces showing use of wine,
Faces pure, with love do shine.
How they mingle in the jam!
Everybody's going home.

TELL ME, DARLING

By L. H. J. Frost

Tell me, darling, do you love me,

Love me as in daj's of old.
Ere my eyes had lost their luster;

When my locks were tinged with gold?

Then you said my cheeks were roses.
And my lips like buds half blown;

And no wild bird's song was sweeter
Than the music of my own.

Then you said my form was sylph-like.

And my step as light as air,
As I wandered in the low lands

Gathering lilies blooming there.

But alas! Time brought sad changes,
Gold-hued locks now look like snow,

And the cheeks once fresh and blooming
Lost their beauty long ago.

Now my form has lost its lightness.
And my steps have slower grown;

Yet, my eyes, bereft of luster,

Gleam with lovelight all their own.

Tell me, darling, do you love me.

Love me as in days gone by?
Unto me wilt thou prove faithful,

True and faithful till I die?

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

DR. WILLIAM K. FLETCHER

William K. Fletcher, a native of Cornish,
son of Quartus and Ann (Kelly) Fletcher,
born February 28, 1838, died at Somerville,
Mass., January 13, 1916.

Dr. Fletcher was a graduate of Dartmouth
CoUege, class of 1860, and Harvard Medical
School, 1862. He served as assistant surgeon
in the U. S. Army 1862-64, and commenced
practice in Somerville in 1865, where he con-
tinued. In 1874 he married Annie L. Tufts,
daughter of Oliver Tufts, in the house which
was the home of General Lee, in the Rev-
olution. She died in 1913. For the last
twenty years he had been engaged in the
real estate business. He was a member of
John Abbott Lodge, A. F. &. A. :\I.

ALPHEUS P. BLAKE
Alpheus Perley Blake, born in Orange,
April 12, 1832, died in Hyde Park, Mass.,
January 13, 1916.

Mr. Blake went to Boston in 1856, where he
organized the Boston Land Companj-, and,
later, a land company which developed Hyde
Park and foimded "Fairmount," a residential
section. He was at one time president of the
New England Brick Company, and of the
firm which constructed the Boston, Revere
Beach & Lynn Raih-oad. He had a winter
home in Florida, where he was connected
with the company that built the Jacksonville,
St. Augustine & Indian River Railroad.
The to^vn of Blake, Fla., was named in his
honor. He is survived by two married
daughters, Mrs. James D. Hope of Hyde
Park, with whom he resided, and Mrs.
Alfred H. Campbell of Windsor, Conn.

GEORGE CARPENTER

George Carpenter, the "grand old man" of
the towTi of Swanzey, died at the old historic
home, "Valley View," at Swanzey Center,
December 29, at the age of 87 years.

He was the eldest son and sixth child of
Elijah and Fanny (Partridge) Carpenter,
born in the old home where he died, Septem-
ber 13, 1828. His first American ancestor,
William Carpenter, settled in Weymouth,
Mass., in 1638, and his descendant. Rev.
Ezra Carpenter, great-grandfather of George,
a graduate of Harvard College in the class of
1720, became pastor of the churches in Keene
and Swanzey in 1753, and .settled here, es-
tablishing the Carpenter home.

Mr. Carpenter was educated in the common
schools, Mt. Caesar Seminary, Swanzey, and
the Ludlow (Vt.) and Saxtons River Acad-
emies. He went to Springfield, Mass., in
18,50, where he was in business till 18.52,
when he went to California, whci'e he re-
mained three years, then returning home to

Swanzey, where he had always retained his
residence. He was a great reader and a
student of political and economic questions;
a radical Democrat for years, supporting
John C. Breckenridge for President in 1860.
Later he was interested in the Greenback
party movement, and was the candidate of
that party for Governor, as he was subse-
quently that of the Labor party. In 1892
he was a candidate for presidential elector
on the People's party ticket.

Mr. Carpenter married, June, 14, 1864,
Lucy J. Whitcomb, daughter of Col. Carter
Whitcomb, a leading Democrat and promi-
nent citizen of Swanzey. Mrs. Carpenter,,
like her husband, was a great student, and
together they took an early Chatauqua
course, graduating in 1883. He was a charter
member of Golden Rod Grange, No. 114, of
Swanzey, a member of Cheshire County
Pomona Grange, and had received the
seventh degree of the order. Many years agO'
he purchased the old Mount Caesar Seminary
building and presented it to the town for a
library and museum purposes, and he and his
wife, who survives, were deeply interested
in maintaining the same. The home at
"Valley View" was among the most hos-
pitable in the state and a host of friends were
there entertained.

AMOS BLANCHARD

Amos Blanchard, one of Concord's best
known and most highly esteemed business
man, in trade for more than half a century,
died at the residence of his son, Dr. Walter
I. Blanchard, of Belmont, December 30, 1915.

Mr. Blanchard was born in Methuen,
Mass., July 6, 1830, the son of Emery C.
and Dorothy (Wheeler) Blanchard. He
was educated in the public schools of Lowell,
Mass., and at Francestown Academy. In
early life he was for a time in the grocery
business in Lowell; but in 1855 removed to
Concord, where he purchased the 0.sgood
grocery on No. Main St., and continued in
trade till 1861; when he became a traveling
salesman for a New York firm, continuing
till 1870, when he was again in the grocery
line in Concord, locating at the West End,
where he continued, his son, Mark M.,
being later associated with him, till his
retirement a few years since, on account of
advancing years.

Mr. Blanchard, while in Lowell, married
Frances A. Morse of Francestown, who died
about twenty-five years ago, leaving the two
sons, heretofore mentioned, by whom he is
survived. Subsequently he married Arlie
A. Brown of this city, who died about ten
years ago.

Mr. Blanchard was among the most pub-
lic spirited of Concord's citizens^a friend of

New Hampshire Necrology

every good cause and an especially ardent
champion of the cause of temperance, to
which he gave time and money, and earnest
effort for years. He was an active member of
the Concord Commercial Club and Board of
Trade and had attended more meetings of the
State Board, than any other member. He
was also an interested member of Capital
Grange, P. of H. In religion he was a Con-
gregationalist, being connected with the
South Church, but was liberal in his views
and interested in the welfare of all churches,
and all organizations and movements for the
betterment of mankind. He was a hater of
all sham and hypocrisy, and a- genuine lover
of the good and the true. His memory will
long be cherished by a host of friends.

DR. SAMUEL C. SAWYER

Dr. Samuel C. Sawyer, a prominent
dentist of Littleton, died at his home in that
town, December 15, 1915.

He was a native of Bethlehem, born
August 21, 1845, but his parents soon re-
moved to Whitefield, in the schools of which
town, and in the Philadelphia dental college,
he received his education. He practiced
in Lakeport about four years, removing then
to Littleton where he continued, with much
success.

Politically he was an active and lifelong
Prohibitionist, and was a member of Burns
Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and of Mt. Eustis
Chapter, O. E. S. He was a Congrega-
tionalist and was for some years superintendent
of the Sunday School.

He married. May 6, 1868, Eliza Jane Burns
of Whitefield, who survives, as does one
daughter, Gertrude P., of Boston. A son.
Dr. Fred B. Sawyer, died in Franklin, three
years ago, at the opening of a promising career.

BENJAMIN F. WEBSTER
Benjamin F. Webster, born in Epsom,
September 7, 1824, died in Portsmouth,
January 5, 1916.

He was a son of Richard and Mary (Phil-
brick) Webster, and went to Portsmouth
when seventeen years of age, where he
learned the carpenter's trade, and was after-
ward engaged for some years as a ship joiner.
Later he engaged extensively in building
operations in Portsmouth. At the time of
his death he was not only one of the oldest
residents, but also one of the largest
property owners, in the city.

Mr. Webster was a Repul^lican in politics;
had served as ward clerk and assessor of taxes,
and was a director in the Portsmouth Trust
and Guaranty Company. He was active
in Masonry, having been for twenty-five
years secretary of St. John's Lodge, and was
the oldest member of DeWitt Clinton Com-
mandery, K. T. He married, June 2, 1849,
Sarah A. Senter, who died April 23, 1913.
Two children, lilerrit V., and Stella C,
survive.

FRANK B. MILLS

Frank B. Mills, formerly chief of police in
Goffstown, and of late an employee in the
quartermaster's office in Boston, to which
he had been transferred from the Naval
Observatory at Washington, died Decem-
ber 31, 1915, at the age of 70 years.

He was a native of Dunbarton, and had
spent his life in that town till his removal to
Goffstown about twenty years ago. He
enlisted, in 1861, in Berdan's Sharpshooters,,
at the age of sixteen, and was discharged in
May, following, for disability, his right hand
having been shattered by a bullet. He was
a member of St. Mary's Episcopal Church,
Dorchester^ of Eureka Lodge, A. F. & A. M.,
of Concord, and a past Noble Grand of Web-
ster Lodge, I. O. O. F. He married Miss
Abbie A. Hoit of Dunbarton, who died about
a year and a half ago, leaving two sons and a
daughter".

DAVID W. CHEEVER, M. D.

Dr. David WilUam Cheever, an old-time
Boston physician, died at his home on Boyl-
ston St., December 27, 1915, at the age of
84 years.

He was born in Portsmouth, December 30,
1831, son of Dr. Charles A. and Adehne
(Haven) Cheever, and a lineal descendant
in the seventh generation from Thomas
Cheever who came from England in 1637 and
was the first master of the Boston Latin
School. He graduated from Harvard Col-
lege in 1852, and from the Medical school
in 1858, having meanwhile spent some time
in Europe, attending lectures and visiting
hospitals. After graduation he commenced
practice in Boston. He was made surgeon in
the Boston City Hospital when opened, in
1864, and was the last survivor of its orig-
inal surgical staff. He became Demonstrator
of Anatomy in the Harvard Medical School
in 1861, and had served there continuously in
different capacities, up to the time of his
decease, having been Professor Emeritus of
Surgery since 1893. He had wi'itten much
and published many medical and surgical
volumes.

Dr. Cheever was president of the American
Surgical Association in 1889; of the Massa-
chusetts Medical Society, 1888-90; was an
overseer of Harvard College for twelve years
and a trustee of Mount Auburn Cemetery
for two terms. He wa.s a Fellow of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences and
Honorary Fellow of the American College
of Surgeons; also an Associate Fellow of the
College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and a
foreign member of the Surgical Society of
Paris, France. He belonged to the St.
Botolph Club.

He married, in October, 1860, Miss Anna
G. Nichols, who survives him, as do several
children — Dr. David Cheever, of the Harvard
Medical School and of the surgical staff of
the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, now serving:

The Granite Monthly

in charge of the second Harvard Unit at a
British hospital in France; Mrs. George S.
Whiteside of Portland, Ore.; Miss Alice Chee-
ver and Miss Helen Cheever of Boston.

ELIZABETH M. K. REMICH

Elizabeth M. K. Remich, wife of Gen.
Daniel C. Reinich of Littleton, died, after a
long and painful illness, at Pinehurst, N. C.,
December 17, 19L5.

Mrs. Remich was the daughter of the late
Benjamin W. Kilburn, of Littleton, the noted
manufacturer of stereoscopic views, born
September 14, 1854. She had been twice
married, her first hu.sband having been
AVilliam Jackson, Jr., of Littleton, with

whom she was united in November, 1874, and
who died December 3, 1884. May 18, 1886,
she married Daniel C. Remich, by whom she
is survived, their residence having been in
Littleton, at her parental home.

Mrs. Remich was endowed with much
business ability, as well as a kindly nature
and generous disposition; and was widely
known and universally esteemed. For many
years she had the direction of her father's
extensive business; and was ever alert in
religious, charitable and pliilantliropic work,
and the various activities of social life. She
had a wide circle of friends, to whom the
intelligence of her death brought a deep sense
of loss and sorrow.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

New Hampshire seems to have seen the
last of her old-time political nominating
conventions, for the present at least, the
legislature having done away with conven-
tions for the choice of delegates to the na-
tional conventions of the respective parties
for the selection of candidates for President
and Vice-President of the United States,
Such delegates are to be chosen by the voters
of the State at primary elections to be held
at the time of the annual meeting on the
second Tuesday of March, in the various
towns, which comes, this year, on March 14.
Thus far, the candidates for delegates,
whose names have been filed with the Sec-
retary of State, are: James F. Brennan and
Albert W. Noone of Peterboro, Henry F.
HoUis of Concord, and Gordon Woodbury
and Eugene F. Reed of Manchester, for
delegates at large; and Robert C. Murchie,
delegate from the Second Congressional
district, Democrats; and Dwight Hall of
Dover, WilUam D. Swart of Nashua, Walter
M. Parker of Manchester, and George H.
Moses of Concord, for delegates at large, and
Perry H. Dow of Manchester and George
A. Carpenter of Wolfeboro, delegates for the
First District, and Merrill Shurtleff of Lan-
caster and Philip H. Faulkner of Keene, for
the Second District, Republicans. Candi-
dacies for all the alternate delegate positions
had been filed by Republicans, up to Janu-
ary 21, but only two Democrats had filed —
Samuel T. Ladd of Portsmouth and Charles
E. Tilton of Tilton, for alternates at large.
The Republican candidacies were all filed
in a bunch by the Secretary of the State
Committee; the Democratic by the individ-
ual aspirants.

The annual meeting of the New Hamp-
shire Board of Trade was held in the General
Committee room at the State House, on
Tuesday, January 18. The Manchester
Publicity Association, with which the Man-
chester Chamber of Commerce has been
merged, was admitted to membership in the
organization. The secretary', who has com-
pleted ten years of service, presented an
extended report. The officers elected for the

ensuing year are: Omar A. Towne, of Frank-
lin, president; Henrj- H. Metcalf, of Concord,
secretary; Ira F. Harris, of Nashua, treas-
urer, and Lester F. Thm-ber, of Nashua,
auditor, with the presidents of local affili-
ated boards as vice-presidents. The annual
spring meeting is to be held in Newport.
The afternoon session was devoted to an
illustrated lecture on the mUk question, by
John C. Orcutt, secretary of the Committee on
Agriculture of the Boston Chamber of Com-
merce, which was open to the pubUc, and
proved of great interest.

Isabelle V. Kendig (now Mrs. H. B. Gill),
who made an exhaustive study of the situa-
tion regarding feeble-mindedness in this
state, in 1914, and the result of whose investi-
gations was embodied in the elaborate report
presented to the last legislature by the Com-
mission under whose auspices she carried out
her work, is now similarly' engaged in Massa-
chusetts, for the "League for Preventive
Work," a federation of some twenty private
charities, with various public and private
affiliations, throughout the state. She finds
the Massachusetts situation relatively Uttle,
if any, better than that in this state, though
there seems to be there a much keener reahza-
tion of the importance of the problem.

In the article on the Baker Memorial
M. E. Chm-ch, published in the last October
number, it was stated that Rev. Foster W.
Taylor, the late pastor, retired to become
superintendent of the Children's Work at
the Morgan Memorial Church in Boston,
Mass. It should have been stated that he
"Accepted a call to become one of the min-
isters to the Morgan Memorial Methodist
Episcopal Church in Boston, Mass. Mr.
Taylor's pastoral duties during the week will
be to supervise the Children's and Young
People's Work."

Vol. 10, New Series — 47 Old Series— of
the Gramte Monthly, is now bound and
may be had bj- subscribers, in exchange for
the year's numbers (1915) for fifty cents.

. .:„ /,-iii>».-;iL: j..^vf^;j.sicaiait3iacijaiaasaEaihr.-
GORDON WOODBURY

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, No. 2

FEBRUARY. 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No. 2

GORDON WOODBURY

A Leading Representative of a Notable New Hampshire Family

, Conspicuous among the notable
names in New Hampshire family
history is that of Woodbury, Repre-
sentatives of this family served their
country gallantly in the Colonial,
Revolutionary and Civil wars, while
others have won distinction in civil
affairs — in public and professional
life.

Gordon Woodbury, of Bedford,
who, though not a native, comes of
sturdy New Hampshire ancestry, both
paternal and maternal, is, perhaps,
the most prominent representative of
the name in our midst, at the present
time, and has spent the best years of
his life, thus far, in labor directly
promotive of the welfare of the State.
His first American ancestor was
John WoodburA' who came from
Somersetshire, England, in 1624, and
was one of the original settlers of
Beverly, Mass., but removed to
Naumkeag, now Salem, in 1626,
where he became a member of the
first church. He returned to England
in 1627 to secure a patent of land
from the crown for the Salem colo-
nists, and came back the 'following
year, the patent having been granted.
He was made a freeman in 1635, and
was chosen a Deputy to the General
Court, and received a grant of 200
acres of land on Bass River the same
year. His eldest son, Humphrey,
who came to America with him on
his return in 1628, located in Beverly,
where several generations of descend-
ants were born and resided. One of
these, Peter, a great-grandson of
Humphrey, removed to Mont Vernon,
N. H., then a part of Amherst, about

1773, where he resided for many years,
removing, in his old age, to Antrim,
where his youngest son, ]\Iark, was
located. This Peter Woodbury had
served in the French and Indian wars,
and was a member of Captain Taylor's
company, December 8, 1775, to join
the Continental Arnw at Winter Hill.
He was the first man in town to sign
the famous "Association Test," and
served as a member of the town
Committee of Safety.

An older son of this Peter, bearing
the same name, who removed to New
Hampshire with his father, settled in
the town of Francestown and engaged
in agricultural and mercantile pur-
suits. He became one of the most
prominent citizens of the county,
serving fifteen years as a representa-
tive in the state legislature and two
terms as a Senator, and was a justice
of the peace and quorum for forty
years. He married Mary, daughter
of that James Woodbury who ren-
dered brilliant service in the French
war, at Louisburgh, and at Quebec,
where he was wounded on the "Plains
of Abraham," and reputed to have
lain under the same tree with General
Wolfe.

Peter and Mary Woodburj^ had
eleven children born in Francestown,
six daughters and five sons. The
eldest daughter married Dr. Adoni-
jah Howe of Jaffrey. Three others
became the wives of eminent lawyers
- — Nehemiah Eastman of Farmington,
Perley Dodge of Amherst and Isaac
O. Barnes of Boston, Mass. The
eldest son, Levi, became an eminent
lawyer and statesman, and was the

The Granite Monthly

most noted man of the name in the
country. He was a justice of the
Supreme Court of the State at twenty-
seven; Governor at thirty-three (the
youngest man who ever held the
office), and was elected to the United
States Senate in 1825, at the age of
thirty-six, serving six years. He was
then appointed Secretary of the Navy,
and subsequently Secretary of the
Treasury, continuing in office under
two Presidents. In 1841, he was
again elected to the Senate, and
served with distinction till 1845, when
he was made an Associate Justice of
the Supreme Court of the United

grandfather of Gordon, the subject
of this sketch. He attended the
Academies at Atkinson and Frances-
town, and studied medicine with
Doctor Howe of Jaffrey, and, later,
sought the instruction of Dr. Nathan
Smith of Hanovfer, where he attended
lectures at the Dartmouth Medical
School. Subsequently he took a
course at the Yale College Medical
School, and, later, another course at
Dartmouth, after studying for a time
with Dr. Jonathan Gove, of Goffs-
town, with whom he commenced
practice in 1814, but removed the
following year to Bedford, where he

Residence of Dr. P. P. Woodbury, Bedford

From Wood Cut ia First History of Bedford

States, serving till his death in 1851.
He shared Avith General Pierce the
meed of popularity as a leader of the
New Hampshire Democracy, and, had
he lived, in the belief of many, would
have received the nomination for
President of the United States ac-
corded the latter in 1852. So able
and brilliant was his service to his
party and country, while in the
Senate, that he was characterized by
the great Democratic leader, Thomas
H. Benton, as the "Rock of the New
England Democracy."

The second son of Peter and Mary
— Peter P. Woodbury — l)orn in Fran-
cestown, August 8, 1791, was the

continued till his death, December 5^
1860.

Doctor Woodbury was not only a
skilful and successful physician, gain-
ing high rank in his profession; but he
was also a man of high character and
of wide influence in the community,
taking a deep interest in public affairs
and commanding the respect of the
people in full measure. He was a
president of the New Hampshire
Medical Society, as well as of the
Southern District Society. He was
also at one time President of the
Hillsborough County Agricultural
Society. He was the leader in the
movement for the proper celebration

Gordon Woodbury 35

of the Centennial Anniversary of the 1888. After a year's overwork his
settlement of the town of Bedford, health gave way, and, in July, 1889,
was chairman of the committee of he was sent to the ''old New Hamp-
arrangements providing for the same, shire home" in Bedford "to die," as
and Avas President of the day on the was supposed, of acute miliary tuber-
occasion of the celebration — May 22, culosis. Thanks to a good constitu-
1850. He was also chairman of the tion, a clear conscience buttressed by
town committee, which prepared and sound Democratic principles, un-
published the history of Bedford the daunted courage and determination,
following year, in the opening pages and pure New Hampshire air and
of which the proceedings of the cele- water, the fears entertained in his
bration were presented. • case were not realized, and a few
Doctor Woodbury was thrice mar- years sojourn here restored health
ried, first to Mary, daughter of Wil- and strength and capacity for strenu-
liam Riddle, January 8, 1818. She ous and effective labor,
died, a few months later, and he next He soon took an interest in political
married her sister, Martha, by whom affairs as a member of the historic
he had six children. She died in party with which most men of his
1832, and he subsequently married family had been prominently identi-
Eliza Bailey, daughter of Josiah fied, and in November, 1890, the next
Gordon, who was the mother of four year after coming to Bedford, he ran
children. The youngest of his second as the Democratic candidate for
wife's children. Freeman Perkins representative in the legislature from
Woodbury, born December 1, 1831, that town, and was elected by one
was the father of Gordon Woodbury, majority, though the town was nor-
He married, November 11, 1856, mally Republican by from 40 to 60.
Harriet A. McGaw, daughter of John He served in the legislature of 1891
A. and Nancy (Goffe) McGaw, and as a member of the Committee on
a granddaughter of Matthew Thorn- Revision of the Statutes. There were
ton, signer of the Declaration of many strong men in the House that
Independence, and engaged in mer- year, including, among Democrats,
cantile business in the city of New Harry Bingham of Littleton, Michael
York, where he died, April 18, 1886. M. Stevens of Lisbon, John B. Nash
They had four children, of whom of Conway, E. B. S. Sanborn of
Gordon was the youngest. Franklin, Charles McDaniel of Spring-
Gordon Woodbury was born Sep- field, Ira Whitcher of Woodsville, and
tember 17, 1863, at 8.30 a.m. — one among Republicans, James F. Briggs
month, to a minute, after the death of Manchester, Jacob H. Gallinger of
of his father's half brother, Gordon Concord (first chosen U. S. Senator at
Woodbury, Paymaster on the U. S. that session), John J. Bell and John
S. S. Catskill, who was killed in the D. Lyman of Exeter, C. A. Sulloway
attack on Fort Wagner, in Charleston of Manchester, and Ezra S. Stearns of
Harbor, August 17, 1863, as appeared Rindge. His initiation into the pub-
by his uncle's watch, which was lie and political life of New Hamp-
broken and stopped when he fell. He shire was effected under favorable
was born in the 9th Ward of New auspices, and the interest aroused
York, generally known as the " Ameri- was deep and lasting,
can Ward." He attended the public Subsequently he was the candidate
schools of his native city, fitted for of his party for State Senator in old
college at Phillips Exeter Academj^, District No. 19, and was defeated by
from which he graduated in 1882, only 28 votes, though the normal
entered Harvard and graduated with Republican majority in the district
the class of 1886; and graduated from was about 500. In 1896 he was a
Columbia University Law School in member of the New Hampshire dele-

3
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o

"O
hi

4)
U

Gordon Woodbury 37

gation in the Democratic National paper it had fallen upon evil days,

Convention at Chicago, and in 1902 and had almost gone to wreck and

represented the town of Bedford in ruin. Its credit — in every sense of

the State Constitutional Convention, the word — had been shaken. It was

Here again he was associated in the involved in litigation, which was fated

public service with men of prominence to be protracted. It had suffered

and distinction in both parties, in- the blows to its prestige which inevita-

cluding Attorney General E. G. East- bly followed the disasters to its old

man, of Exeter; S. W. Emery, A. F. management.

Howard and True L. Norris of Ports- The undertaking to which Mr.

mouth; Stephen S. Jewett and Edwin Woodbury set himself may fairly be

C. Lewis of Laconia; Thomas Cogs- compared with the restoration and

well of Gilmanton; Wm. B. Fellows strengthening of a house so racked by

of Tilton; Henry M. Baker of Bow; a tempest as to be in grave danger of

William E. Chandler, Frank S. falling. Broken walls were to be

Streeter, John M. Mitchell, James 0. rebuilt; sagging beams to be replaced

Lyford, Benjamin A. Kimball and by stout timbers; the whole structure

De Witt C. Howe of Concord; E. B. S. was to be set back to plumb, and

Sanborn, E. G. Leach and Omar A. put firmly on its foundations. And,

Towne of Franklin; John B. Smith of still carrying out the figure, all this

Hillsborough; David Cross, James F. was to be done while the house was

Briggs, Nathan P. Hunt, Cyrus H. still in occupancy and in daily use.

Little and Edwin F. Jones of Man- It was a man-size job. It was done,

Chester; C. J. Hamblett, Edward E. and well done, but only at cost of ten

Parker and Edward H. Wason of years' hard, unrelaxing, consistent

Nashua; M. L. Morison of Peterboro; work.

Charles A. Dole of Lebanon; Tyler A newspaper office is a manufac-

Westgate of Haverhill; Edgar Al- tory, and a business proposition. It

drich of Littleton; Henry 0. Kent manufactures newspapers and it must

and Irving W. Drew of Lancaster, sell them and its advertising space to

and Jason H. Dudley and Thomas F. live. But to achieve real success it

Johnson of Colebrook. In this Con- must be something more than a fac-

vention he served as a member of tory and an advertisers' bulletin. It

the Committee on Bill of Rights and must command public confidence,

the Executive Department. There must be behind it energy,

Meanwhile, in 1896, he acquired brains, honesty of purpose, a strong

control of the Manchester Union, personality. The record shows that in

which had been launched, in Novem- ten years Mr. Woodbury put the Union

ber, 1879, upon the then untried on its feet. He found its affairs in

waters of morning journalism in New confusion; he left them in order.

Hampshire, by the late Stilson Hutch- He strengthened every department,

ins of Washington, and had, later. Everybody in New Hampshire might

pursued its uncertain, erratic and not agree with its policy, this being a

variously troubled course, under the region of healthy developed individual

management of the redoubtable Dr. opinion, but nobody could charge that

Joseph C. Moore. the paper stood for ideas and ideals in

In becoming principal owner and which it did not believe. Taking New

manager of the Union Mr. Woodbury -Hampshire, as its especial field, it

entered upon a task presenting great steadily spread the net of its news-

and unusual difficulties. The Union gathering service over the state until it

had become almost a New Hampshire had about 200 correspondents, distri-

institution — it ife only Mr. Wood- buted from Stewartstown to Nashua

bury's due to say that he made it one and from the Connecticut to the Pis-

• — but when he took charge of the cataqua, with a number of others in

•o

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o

•d

a
o
•o

o
O

Gordon Woodbury

Vermont and Maine, in towns whose
interests were allied with those of
their New Hampshire neighbors. It
developed its illustrated service, and
printed the work of the cleverest
New England cartoonist of his day,
the late John E. CofRn, whose pencil
enlivened political campaigns as they
had not been cheered hereabouts
before his day.

Throughout this period the Union
grew steadil}'. Each year showed
advance in circulation and influence.
Good year or bad year, so far as the
conditions of the community might
be concerned, the Union had more
readers at the close of a year than it
had had a twelvemonth earlier. And
throughout this period Mr. Woodbury
was the captain of the ship, the man
on the bridge, the "old man," the
boss. It was his paper, and his per-
sonality was impressed upon it. He
was a hard worker. He came early
to his office; he worked 101% hours.
He kept in touch with the various
departments, and, what was as im-
portant, perhaps, he did not lose
touch with the rest of the world out-
side the office walls. He kept up his
interest in the doings in Washington
and London and Berlin, as well as in
Manchester and Concord, and Cole-
brook; and his paper was the better
for it.

While it was through his editorship
and control of New Hampshire's lead-
ing newspaper, for the ten years from
the time when it passed into his hands
till his sale of the same to Rosecrans
W. Pillsbury, that Mr. Woodbury be-
came best known to the people of
New Hampshire, it is proper to say
that he has most effectively served
the State in another and entirely
different direction. There has been
a great deal of theorizing, for many
years past about the possibilities of
successful agriculture in this State.
Many men have rushed into print or
onto the platform to tell New Hamp-
shire farmers what they must or
should "do to be saved." Even re-
cently we have seen men engineering

new movements for the "uplift" of
New Hampshire agriculture who could
scarcely distinguish a sub-soil plow
from a potato digger. Mr. Wood-
bury, however, became practically
and extensively interested in agri-
culture a score of years ago, along
dairy lines, with such success, indeed,
that he repeatedly carried off the
first prize for butter at the Grange
State Fair.

The famous McGaw place, two
miles down the river from Manchester,
on the Bedford side, his mother's old
home, and since retained by the fam-
ily, to which he had come from New
York on his quest for health, and
where his legal residence has since
been, became the nucleus of one of
the most extensive agricultural hold-
ings in the State, in his hands, he
having acquired several adjacent
farms, including two historic home-
steads once owned by representatives
of the Chandler family in Bedford,
upon one of which Zachariah Chand-
ler, the famous Republican leader, of
Michigan, was born, and the other the
birthplace of the latQ George B. and
Henry Chandler, successful Manches-
ter bankers. Altogether Mr. Wood-
bury has here 1,300 acres of land,
some of which is the best in the
Merrimack valley. A single level
field opposite his residence, between
the highway and the river, contains
nearly 100 acres of highly productive
land, reputed to be the finest single
field in Hillsborough County. Mr,
Woodbury's operations here have
been mainly confined to stock raising
and dairying. He cuts about 250 tons
of hay annually, and keeps a large
stock of cattle and half a dozen fine
horses. His present stock is mostly
Holstein, milk production being now
his main line, though he has at times
had some first class Guernseys and
Ayrshires. A considerable portion of
his land, it should be said, is now in
young pine growth, much of it having
been planted by himself.

Mr. Woodbury's strong interest
in, and his practical contribution to,

40 The Granite Monthly

the cause of agricultural progress in to enter Phillips Academy, Exeter, the
the State, has been duly recognized coming autumn, and George, to follow
in his selection as the Hillsborough as soon as practicable. Both he and
County member of the Advisory his wife are members of the Presby-
Council of the New Hampshire De- terian Church of Bedford. He is also
partment of Agriculture, as organized a member of the Masonic fraternity
under the act of the last legislature. and of the Derryfield Club of Man-
When, in May, 1900, the town of Chester.
Bedford celebrated its One Hundred Mr. Woodbury is a man of com-
and Fiftieth Anniversary, Gordon manding presence and dignified man-
Woodbury held the same position in ner. Although not what is generally
reference to the enterprise, as did his known as a "mixer," he has an en-
grandfather, Dr. Peter P. Woodbury, gaging personality and wins and
to the celebration fifty years previous, holds the friendship and esteem of all
being prominent in perfecting the those with whom he comes into close
arrangements and serving as president relationship. His character is unim-
of the day on the occasion of the cele- peachable, his word invariably to
bration (May 23) and also as a mem- be relied upon, and his ability of the
ber of the committee to prepare the high order naturally regarded as
new town history, issued in 1903, characteristic of the name he bears,
which was indeed edited by himself He is a forceful speaker as well as a
and largely the work of his hand. vigorous writer, and not a few New
He married, April 18, 1894, Char- Hampshire Democrats are hoping to
lotte E., daughter of George E. Wood- see him actively prominent in party
bury, of Methuen, Mass. They have leadership in the State in the not dis-
three surviving children — a daughter, tant future, in which capacity it is
Eliza Gordon, now in Bryn Mawr believed he can render efficient serv-
College, and two sons, Peter who is ice.

TO MOUNT WASHINGTON

By David E. Adams

Mount Washington! Thy hoary head

Hath seen the passing of untold generations

Marching down the endless files of time!

In rugged peace thy massive head reclining

Hath watched the slow succession of the onward years —

'Mid storm and sunshine, 'mid the gale's wild fury,

Through the drifting snows and icy blasts of winters, end on end.

Thou hast beheld the little race of men pass on.

And of thy massive strength thou giv'st to each as ever

That boon for which he seeks thy lofty fastness:

To youth — the joy of contest, and the meed of valor won —

To age, surcease from toil, and rest for wearied heart and brain —

To sorrow — consolation in the kinship of thy mighty and enduring rocks-

To joy — the fuller joy of racing breezes and of distant scenes.

To all thy sons the mighty inspiration of thy noble self,

The glory of thy flaming dawns and glowing sunsets —

The mystery of thy flowing veils of cloud —

The knowledge that thou art, and ever shalt be standing

As long as earth endures, eternal — the pledge and handiwork of God.

THE CONCORD STREET RAILWAY AND

ITS BUILDER

Much interest was evinced by
passing travelers along the sidewalk
west of North Main Street in Con-
cord, by the display for several days,
recently, in the show case of the
Kimball Art Studio, of two striking
photographs — one representing one
of the first street cars used in this
city, and the other the man to whose
enterprise and energy the city of
Concord owes the existence of its
present convenient and efficient street
railway system.

of our people are unable to recall
any such sight. For their benefit,
therefore, as well as for the interest
of all, the Granite Monthly deem&
it worth while to reproduce, at this
time, the pictures alluded to, and to
make brief reference to the initiation
and development of the street
railway enterprise, and to the big-
hearted, courageous and enterprising
citizen, long since departed, to whom
the same was due.

The legislature of New Hampshire,

First Open Car on Concord Street Railway

To the older inhabitants it seems
but a short time since the Concord
street railwaj^, a pioneer enterprise in
the State in this line, was first put
in operation, and many on seeing
these pictures, vividly recalled the
days when cars, each drawn by a
single horse, at a slow-going pace,
passed up and down the street, for
the convenience of those who wished
to pass from point to point along the
line, more easily if not much more
rapidly than they could do on foot.
And yet a generation has passed
since that time, and the greater part

on June 26, 1878, granted a charter
of incorporation for the Concord
Street Railway, but it was not until
July 12, 1880, that the organization
of the corporation, under the charter,
was effected. The first board of
directors included Daniel Holden,
John H. George, Moses Humphrey,
Lewis Downing, Jr., Samuel C.
Eastman and Josiah B. Sanborn, of
whom, it may be noted, Mr. Eastman
is now the sole survivor.

Moses Humphrey, then seventy-
four years of age, who had been the
prime mover in the enterprise, was

42 - The Granite Monthly

president, and was made building career was fully sketched in the

agent to construct and equip the Granite Monthly for October 1901,

road, and was subsequently chosen a few words should be added here

superintendent. The line, as origi- for the benefit of those who do not

nally laid out, ran from the Abbot & recall the days of his activity and

Downing shops at the South End, to prominence.

West Concord, a distance of four miles. Mr. Humphrey was born in Hing-
The line was completed in April 1881, ham, Mass., October 20, 1807, the
the first car to run going from the son of Moses Leavitt and Sarah
Abbot & Downing shops (where it was (Lincoln) Humphrey. His educa-
built) to what is now called Foster- tional advantages were slight, in-
ville, April 21, and cars running eluding a few short terms of district
through to West Concord on the school before he was fourteen years
25th. June 1, 1884, the line was of age, and one or two terms of select
extended to Penacook, and on July school where he studied navigation
4, 1893, to Contoocook River Park, and engineering, preparatory to "go-
Meanwhile a branch line had been ing to sea," which he did at an early
built down South Street, and an age, and became master of a fishing
extension made to the Fair Grounds, schooner at nineteen. He followed
on Clinton Street, opened August 20, this line till twenty-five, when he
1901 (Old Home Day) the same quit, and engaged in the coasting
having been discontinued some years trade, cooperage and the grocery
since when the Fair Ground enter- business in company with his brothers,
prise was abandoned. I he "West In 1841 he originated the idea
End" extension was opened October of manufacturing mackerel kits by
15, 1891, and the South Street line machinery, and two years later
■extended down Broadway, July 4, removed to the town of Croydon in
1891. Six years ago the Center and this state, where, at the village
Franklin Street line was opened, known as Croydon Flat, he established
completing the present comprehensive a manufactory for the production
and convenient street railway system of the same, which he operated till
of the city, which, after various 1851, when he removed the business
changes and reorganizations, had to West Concord, meanwhile having
passed into the control and manage- taken a deep interest in public
ment of the Boston & Maine Railroad affairs and the welfare of the town.
with whose line from Concord to He carried on the business at West
Manchester, opened August 11, 1902, Concord a number of years, and
it had been connected. also engaged in agriculture, in which

It is proper to note, as showing he was always strongly interested,
the difficulty which besets the path of He was a member of the first Com-
progress in every line, that not only mon Council elected under the Con-
was the building of the main line cord City Charter, in 1853, was re-
in the first instance violently opposed elected and served as President of
by a large class of people, but every the Council the following year; was
extension made, and every change an Alderman and acting Mayor in
for the better — from horse power to 1855; Alderman again in 1856, and
steam and steam to electricity — ^was representative in the legislature in
effected against the bitter opposition 1857 and 1858.

of many citizens, who saw only In 1861 he was chosen Mayor of

prospective danger and loss in the Concord and served till March 1863,

proposition. - during which time the Civil War

Of Hon. Moses Humphrey, the opened, and the affairs of government

original projector, builder and opera- were complicated and burdensome,

tor of the railway, whose notable but were most faithfully and effi-

The Concord Street Railway and its Builder

ciently administered. At this time
the Mayor had charge of both the
Street Department, and the work
since in the hands of the Overseer
of the Poor, in addition to the
ordinary and extraordinary^ duties of

beginning of the war. In 1869 and
1870 he was a member of the Execu-
tive Council of the State, and in 1875
was again a representative in the
legislature, being elected from Ward
Five, to which he had removed

HON. MOSES HUMPHREY
Builder of Concord Street Railway

the office. During this time, too, the
Fire Department was reorganized
and improved, and the use of the
steam fire engine introduced.

He served as Mayor again, in 1865,
being at the helm on the return of
the soldiers from the front, as he had
been on their departure at the

shorth' after his first election as
Mayor. He served as superintendent
of the Concord Street Railway ten
years, till 1891, and as president and
director a year longer.

In 1870 he was elected President
of the N. H. Board of Agriculture,
just then established, and which he

The Granite Monthly

had been actively instrumental in
providing for. This office he held
continuously for twenty-seven years,
until ninety years of age, never relax-
ing his interest in its work, to which
he gave time, thought and energy.
He was also instrumental in the
organization of the Merrimack
County Agricultural Society, in 1861,
and was its first vice-president and
second president, holding the office
for seven years. In the New Hamp-
shire and New England Agricultural
Societies he was also long a leading
spirit. When eighty years of age,

through his strong interest in agricul-
ture, he became a member of Capital
Grange, of Concord, and continued
his membership till his death, August
20, 1901, at the great age of ninety-
four years.

On the ninetieth anniversary of his
birth, October 20, 1901, the people of
Concord and of the State, tendered
a public reception, at the State
House, to this "grand old man"
and public-spirited citizen, who had
done more for the material develop-
ment and prosperity of the State than
any other man in its borders.

BRIGHT STAR

By H. Thompson Rich

Bright star, bright star,

Afar — afar!

Gleaming through a desert space,-

In thy gleaming

(Am I dreamipg?)

Is the seeming

Of a face.

Bright star, bright star,

'Tis God you are!

Watching while the world goes on

Fighting, hating.

Loving, mating —

Unabating

Since its dawn.

Bright star, bright star,

O tell me, Star!

Must we then go on forever,

Never knowing

Whence our blowing.

Where our going?

Never? NEVER?

Bright star, bright star,

Alas so far!

Shine the brighter on us then.

If we must go

Darkly below.

We are, you know.

Only men.

THE BIRTHPLACE OF GENERAL JOHN

SULLIVAN

By Rev. Everett S. Stackpole

For a long time there has been
considerable controversy as to where
John Siilhvan was born, general in
the Revolution and governor of New
Hampshire. Nothing definite has
been published concerning the life
of his father in New England. The
traditions are conflicting, and in-
sufficient effort has been made to
search public records for facts. Some
of the traditions are manifestly in-
ventions of a romancing imagination.
One account has it, that he landed at
Belfast, Maine, and worked in a
sawmill; another, that he landed at
York in 1723, driven there by stress
of weather, although the desired
harbor was Newburyport. His wife,
Margery Browne, is said in one
account to have come over later than
he; another account says that she
came over, a -girl nine years of age,
on the same ship as he. One writer
says that he paid her passage money
at Portsmouth, or the equivalent in
shingles which he made and carried
down the Piscataqua river by boat.
We are told that he worked, im-
mediately after his arrival, on the
Mclntire farm, in the Scotland parish
of York, and that he sought the aid
of the Rev. Dr. Moody* in a letter
written in five — some say seven —
languages. Some have asserted that
he taught school in Dover, New
Hampshire, in 1723, immediately
after the earliest date set for his
arrival.

The last statement is based upon
something found in the town records
of Dover, dated May 1723:

"Ordered that 2 Schoolmasters be procured
for the Towne of Dover for the year Ensuing
and that ther Sellery Exceed not £30 Payment

a Peace and to attend the Directions of the
Selectmen for the Servis of the Towne in
Equill Proportion.

"At the same time Mr. SuUefund Exceps
to Sarve the Towne aboves*^ as Scoole master
three montlis Sertin and begin his Servis
ye 24th day of May 172-3, and also ye S*^
SuUefund Promised the selectmen if he left
them Sooner he would give them a month
notis to Provide themselves with a nother,
and the Select men also was to give him a
month notig if they Disliked him."

The conclusion was too easily
reached that the schoolmaster here
named was John Sullivan. One may
find, however, in the published Prov-
ince Papers of New Hampshire (IV,
83) the following: "Humphrey Sul-
livan Preferred a Petition to the board
Praying for £50 to be paid him by
the Town of Dover for his service
there as schoolmaster," and the
House of Representatives ordered
that the selectmen of Dover be
served with a copy of the petition.
This was on the 19th of February,
1722-3. It is evident that Humphrey,
not John, Sullivan was the school-
master at Dover. He taught in
Hampton from 1714 to 1718 (Dow's
History of Hampton, Vol. I, p. 476),
and witnessed the will of William
Fifield of that place, February 18,
1714-5 (N. H. Probate Records, I,
754). He witnessed a deed from
Dr. Jonathan Crosby of Oyster River
to the Rev. Hugh Adams of the same
place, April 12, 1720 (N. H. Prov.
Deeds, XL 402), and another deed
at Oyster River, August 31, 1725
(N. H. Prov. Deeds, XLII. 387).

Court records show that Humphrey
Sullivan taught school at Oyster River
from May 20, 1723 to April 19, 1726,

* The Rev. Samuel Moody was pastor of the First Church of Christ, York, not of Scotland
parish, in the northwesterly part of York, and he was not a Doctor of Divinity. Rev. Joseph
Moody, his son, became the first pastor of Scotland parish in 1732.

The Granite Monthly

in seven different houses ; that for the
first year he was paid according to
agreement; and that he continued to
teach without being duly authorized
and sued for wages. A little later he
brought action in court against the
constable, Joseph Jenkins, for assault
in the street of Portsmouth, in which
the schoolmaster was kicked and in-
sulted. A recital of the incident is
spread out in the beautiful penman-
ship of Humphrey Sullivan, to which
he signs his name in large and copy-
worthy letters, — N. H. Court Files,
No. 20101.

It is said that in the old age of
schoolmaster John SulUvan, when he
and his wife were calling at a neigh-
bor's, they got to talking about his
younger days, and he told the follow-
ing story, which was recorded by the
person who heard it:

"I sailed from Limerick, Ireland, for
New England in 1723; owing to stress of
weather the vessel was obliged to land at
York, Maine. On the voyage my attention
was called to a pretty girl of nine or ten
years, Margery Browne, who aftenvards
became my wife. As my mother had
absolutely refused to furnish me the means
for paying transportation, and I had no
means otherwise, I was obliged to enter into
an agreement with the captain to earn the
money for my passage.

"After I landed at York, for awhile I
lived on the Mclntire farm in Scotland
parish. Unaccustomed to farm labor, and
growing weary of manual occupation, I
apphed to Rev. Dr. Moody, pastor of the
parish, for assistance. I made my applica-
tion in a letter written in seven languages, so
that he might see that I was a scholar. He
became interested in my behalf, and being
conversant with my abiUty to teach he
loaned me the money with which to pay the
captain the amount I owed for my passage.
Thus set free from the Mclntires, I was
assisted to open a school and earn money to
pay Dr. Moody."

This story, told by Mr. John Scales
of Dover, is pubhshed in the Proceed-
ings of the New Hampshire Historical
Society, IV, 194. Its source is not

declared. We know not who wrote
down the account, nor when it was
written. Some unknown neighbor
probably told this story many years
after the alleged event. It is neigh-
borly gossip filtered through many
years, or unsupported tradition, and
there is direct evidence to the con-
trary, as we shall see.

It seems incredible that a girl
nine years of age came from Ireland to
Maine unattended and with no money
to pay her passage. What was she
doing while John Sullivan was making
shingles to redeem her? Where was
she from 1723 to 1735, the asserted
time of her marriage? How happens
it that John Sullivan, said to have
been of a well-to-do family in Ireland,
had to depend upon an unwilling
mother for money to pay his passage?
He was thirty-two years old in 1723
and must have had opportunities to
gather some money of his own. What
were the seven languages that he
knew well enough to compose a letter
in them? That is what few eminent
scholars can do. He knew English
well enough to misspell many words.
He seems to have known Latin better,
and we may well suppose that he was
acquainted with Irish. Some have
conjectured that he lived in France
as a boy and learned French like a
native, but his obituary says that he
learned French in his old age. Those
seven languages belong to the story
of the "Three Black Crows." All
traditions concerning John and Mar-
gery Sullivan are as unreliable as that
she, on the passage to America, when
asked what she was going there for,
replied that she was "going to raise
governors for thim." That story
must have been invented after her
sons, John and James, had become
governors. No record of the marriage
of John Sullivan and Margery Browne
has been found, and there is no
tradition where they were married,
nor by whom. Testimony is con-
flicting in the Sullivan family. One
granddaughter reports the tradition
that "John Sullivan was born in

The Birthplace of General John Sullivan

Dublin, Ireland, in June, 1691. Mar-
gery Browne was born in Cork,
Ireland, 1705. They were married
immediately previous to their leaving
for, or during their passage to this
country." (See the Family of John
Sullivan, by Thomas G. Amory, p. 15.)

So we are told that he was born in
Limerick, in Dublin and in Ardea,
and that she came over with him
as a girl of nine years, or as his wife
at age of eighteen. We are reminded
of the remark of Mark Twain, that
when he wrote history, he did not like
to know too much about the facts,
for it hampered his imagination.

Now, what are the ascertained
facts in the life of schoolmaster John
Sullivan, as found in trustworthy
records? With some research the
following have been gathered.

A communication was published in
the Oracle of the Day, a newspaper of
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in the
issue of June 30, 1795. The commu-
nication was dated at Berwick, June
27, 1795, and is unsigned. It says:

"Died — at Berwick on Saturday the
Twentieth of June instant ]Mr. John Sulhvan
of this Town, Schoolmaster, aged One
Hundred and Five years and three days.

"This respected and extraordinary character
was born in the village of Ardea in the County
of Kerry and Kingdom of Ireland. He ar-
rived in this country when he was forty-one
years of age, from which time till he was
ninety he was most part of his time employed
in teaching public and private schools; and
perhaps but few persons ever diffused so
much useful knowledge," etc., etc.,"

The rest of the letter is irrelevant
to our purpose. It contains the
statement that John Sullivan learned
French in his old age. The entire
obituary may be seen in Amory's
Family of John Sullivan, pp. 51-53,
although the author was uncertain
about the date of the communication.
The above dates were taken from
the files of the newspaper, found in
the library of the New Hampshire
Historical Society.

This communication was printed

only three days after the death of the
schoolmaster. It was written at the
time of his death, when many relatives
were gathered and all possible effort
was made to secure accuracy. Prob-
ably James Sullivan, his brother,
formerly a lawyer at Biddeford and
afterwards governor of Massachusetts,
was there. It is almost certain that
some writer, the parish minister,
perhaps, gathered the biographical
facts from the family, or that one of
them wrote the communication. Any
traditions that contradict this evi-
dence must be set aside.

John Sullivan, the schoolmaster,
then, was born in Ardea, Ireland,
June 17, 1690, and died in Berwick,
Maine, June 20, 1795. He came to
America when he was forty-one years
of age, that is, in 1731, and not in
1 723 . At that time Margery Browne,
if she was born in 1714, as most
authorities agree, was in her eight-
eenth year; and if she was born in
1705, as one line of family tradition
has it, she was twenty-six years of age.
We think that the date, 1714, is
more reliable, but in either case she
was old enough to be the wife of
John Sullivan when they came over.
If they were married in 1735, he was
not waiting for her to grow up, and
it is a wonder that she waited for
him four years after their arrival.
Girls of her age were in demand at
that time. Is it not more reasonable
to conclude that they were married
before leaving Ireland, as one tradi-
tion in the family says? And is not
that the reason why no record or evi-
dence of their marriage can be found
in this country? Mr. Amory made
careful search to find out all he could
about them, and others have tried
to learn all that history has recorded.

We now come to a series of his-
torical facts that go to prove that
John Sulhvan, the schoolmaster, lived
at Somersworth, now Rollinsford
Junction, from 1736 to about 1747.
The old Somersworth church stood
in or close by the cemetery that is seen
very near to the railroad station.

The Granite Monthly.

John Sullivan was janitor of that
church, or meeting house as it was
then called, in 1737. Our facts are
here arranged chronologically.

Dec. 3, 1736. John Sulhvan wit-
nessed a deed from Thomas Tebbetts
of Somersworth to his son, Thomas
Tebbetts. Joshua Stacpole was the
other witjiess. The property trans-
ferred was part of a saw in Quamphe-
gan sawmill, at what is now South
Berwick, Maine, close by the bridge
that joins South Berwick to Rollins-
ford, Joshua Stacpole then lived on
what was recently known as the Hale
farm, where Samuel Hale long lived,
and before him Ichabod Rollins, but
for more than a century after 1680
James Stacpole and his descendants
lived there. It is half a mile below
Quamphegan bridge. The Tebbetts
farm was the next one north of
Stacpole. John Sullivan was living
or teaching probably somewhere in
that vicinity. (See N. H. Province
Deeds, XXV, 484.)

July 10, 1737. A deed of Ebenezer
Downs of Somersworth to Thomas
Downs, of land in Rochester, was
witnessed by John Hall, Jr., Joseph
Varney and John Sullivan. It is
certain that all these persons named
with Sullivan were living in Somers-
worth and not far from what is now
RoUinsford Junction. (See N. H.
Province Deeds, XXX, 274.)

1737. The parish of Somersworth
voted "sixty pounds for a school-
master. Voted that Mr. John Sul-
livan be the schoolmaster for the
ensuing year. Voted John Sullivan
to sweep and take care of ye meeting
house & to have thirty shillings".
This is a citation from the parish
records of Somersworth, found in
Knapp's Sketch of Somersworth, p.
28. The writer of this has examined
the original record. Sullivan swept
that meeting house, which was burned
a century ago, after every Sunday
service and every parish meeting.
Perhaps he taught school in it when
the season was warm enough, for
there was then no school-house, and

there was no chance for a fire in the
meeting house. Schools were then
itinerant and kept in private houses.

January 10, 1737-8. Deed of
Thomas Tebbetts of Somersworth to
son, Thomas Tebbetts, of land border-
ing on land of Philip Stacpole, wit-
nessed by John Sulhvan. (See N. H.
Prov. Deeds, XXV, 485.) Phihp
Stacpole lived on a part of the old
Stacpole-Rollins-Hale farm.

November 14, 1738. Deed of John
Vickers of Somersworth, shop keeper,
to Alley McCoUey of Berwick, one
acre of land bought of Thomas
Tebbetts of Somersworth, witnessed
by Nell [Neal] Vicker and John
Sulhvan. (See N. H. Province Deeds,
XXIII, 468.)

February 1, 1738-9. Deed of
Thomas Hobbs of Somersworth to
Thomas Wallingford of Somersworth,
witnessed by Benjamin Plumer, James
Jeffr}^ John Sullivan and Thomas
Nock. (See N. H. Province Deeds,
XXVIII, 209.) Hobbs, Wallingford
and Nock lived just south of the
Stacpole farm in the district called
"Sligo."

February 17, 1740. Birth of John
Sullivan, Jr., the general and gov-
ernor.

September 6, 1749. Deed of
Samuel Stacpole of Somersworth to
Philip Stacpole ''ye uper pasture",
witnessed by Joseph Jemkins and
John Sullivan. The land deeded
was in what is now RoUinsford, a
part of the old Stacpole farm. (See
N. H. Province Deeds, XXV, 292.)

May 19, 1743. John Sullivan and
fifty-two others of "the Freeholders
and Inhabitants of the parish of
Somersworth" signed a petition, ask-
ing for town privileges. (See N. H.
Town Papers IX, 762.) Here is
positive assertion that John Sullivan
was then living in Somersworth as an
inhabitant.

July 11, 1743. Margery Sullivan
wrote a letter, dated at "Summers-
worth New Hampshire," to her
absent husband and had it inserted
in the Boston Evening Post of July 25,

The Birthplace of General John Sullivan

1743, beseeching him to return to
his sorrowing wife and children.
She says, "I pray you to harken to
what your pupil, Joshua Gilpatrick,
hath below sent you." Joshua Gil-
patrick's letter does not appear. See
Amory's Family of John Sullivan
for the letter in full. There had been
a family disagreement and hasty
words had been spoken. Her husband
had probably gone to Boston and
she knew where to advertise for
him. The letter must have brought
him home immediately, for his son,
James Sullivan, later governor of
Massachusetts, was born April 22,
1744.

October 20, 1744. Deed of Daniel
Clements of Somersworth to Job
Clements, of land bounded partly by
land of Rev. James Pike of Somers-
worth, witnessed by Ebenezer Roberts
and John Sullivan. (See N. H.
Province Deeds, XXIX, 334.) Rev.
James Pike, the minister of the
parish, lived within half a mile of
the meeting house. His records of
baptisms, marriages, etc., which he
probably had, were burned with his
parsonage long ago.

July 22, 1746. The muster roll
of Capt. Thomas Wallingford of
Somersworth shows the name of
"John Sullevant" among 101 others.
He must have been a resident of
Somersworth in order to have been
enrolled in the militia. These were
not volunteers, but all of military
age residing in the parish. (See
N. H. Province Papers, IX, 760.)

The evidence seems to be con-
clusive that schoolmaster John Sul-
livan lived in what is now Rollinsford,
N. H., from 1736, or a little before,
to 1747, and that consequently his
sons, Benjamin, Daniel, John and
James, were born there. The evidence
is equally conclusive that he moved
over into Berwick, Maine, about
1747-8, as the following citation
shows :

Berwick, 14 April 1748. Then sold to
Joseph Nock all my Right, title & Entrest,
that I have to all my Loggs in Salmon fall

River, or on the Land joyning to the Said
River, or Lying bj^ any of the mills on Said
Stream, Mark'd with a girdle on the Side of
the Logg, and an N on Each end of the
Girdle, which Logs thus Mark'd the Said
Joseph Nock may hall, Saw, Sell Carrj' away
or Convert to his own proper use or dispose
of as he Sees proper, as his own absolute
right and property. In witness whereof I
have hereunto set my hand the Day and
Date above written.

Benjamin Nock.

The above is a true copy of an originall
Paper in the Infe'' Court' office for the Prov-
ince of New Hamp» in the case between
Joseph Nock Pla* and EUsha Andross Def '
Att. H. Wentworth Clet.

The Deposition of John Sullavan who
Testifieth & Saith that on or about the 7th
Day of Sept. 1748 at the request of Joseph
Nock of Berwick in the County of York he
wrote the original Instrument of w':'' the
above is a True Copy, he the Deponent
haveing compared the original now in the
clerks office of the Infe'" Court of the Prov.
of New Hamps with the foregoing copy with
which it agrees.

John Sullivan.
Prov. of
New Hamps

John Sullivan made oath to the truth of
the foregoing Deposition by him subscribed,
Joseph Nock the adverse party not living
in the Province of New Hamp^ was not
Notified the Deponent living at Bei"wick in
the County of York.

Before me Josh* Pierce.

The above was copied from the
Court Files of the Province of New
Hampshire by the writer hereof.
The number is 22099. Here we have
positive proof that John SulUvan
was living in Berwick in 1748. The
original paper, or instrument, in the
handwriting of John Sullivan appears
in the bundle of court files, and as
given here the spelling is made
to conform to the original. Notice
"Entrest" for interest, "hall" for
haul, "Loggs," and the irregular use
of capitals. Svu'ely his English was
not up to the present standard of
school-masters and makes one dis-

The Granite Monthly

trust that he was a master of seven
languages. There is evidence that
he was acquainted with Latin. Where
did he learn it? In the time of his
youth about one in ten of the popula-
tion of Ireland could speak English,
and only the priests, clerks, or clergy,
could write in Latin.

March 2, 1750. A bond was
written and witnessed by John Sul-
livan, in York County, Maine. (See
Amory's Family of John Sulhvan.)

1751, 1752, 1754. Samuel Bracket
of Berwick, Maine, sold various
things to ''John Sole vent" and
balanced accounts with him October
10, 1754. {Id.)

1753. "John Sullivan of Berwick"
brought action in New Hampshire
Court against Ebenezer Downs of
Somersworth and recovered £35 s6,
wages for his sons, Benjamin and
Daniel. Benjamin had worked from
July 29th to August 16th, 1752, and
Daniel had worked seven days at
"Mowing." The work was evidently
done on Ebenezer Downs' farm in
Somersworth, which was on the
Indigo Hill road, within a mile of
Great Falls, the present city of
Somersworth, just across the river
from where John Sullivan then lived
in Berwick. His son Daniel was
then only fourteen years old, pretty
young to be hired out as a mower
with a scythe. (See N. H. Court
Files, No. 21491.)

January 23, 1753. The bounds of
Samuel Lord's farm at Berwick were
renewed and forty acres were set off
to John Sullivan, who probably had
been living there since 1748 or 1747,
at least five years. (See Amory's
Family of John Sullivan.)

April 8, 1754, John Sullivan signed
a petition from North Berwick parish.

April 29, 1756. He witnessed the
will of Peter Grant of Berwick. (See
pubhshed Maine Wills.)

Where was schoolmaster John Sul-
livan before he came to Somersworth
to teach, in 1736? There is some-
thing in the above cited letter of his
wife that may hint at an answer.

She says Joshua Gilpatrick was a
pupil of her husband, or had been a
pupil. Where? No such surname
appears in New Hampshire at that
time, but there were plenty of Gil-
patricks in Biddeford, Kennebunk
and Wells, Maine, descendents of
Thomas Gilpatrick, who settled in
old Saco, now Biddeford, about the
year 1720. The records of the first
church in Biddeford say that Joshua
Gilpatrick married Ehzabeth Smith,
March 1, 1750, and he witnessed the
will of John Davis of Biddeford,
May 9, 1752. It may be, then, that
John Sullivan before setthng in
Somersworth, New Hampshire, taught
school in Biddeford or vicinity. A
search of the town records of Bidde-
ford, Kennebunk, Wells, and York,
and of records at Alfred, Maine,
might add something to what we
know of schoolmaster John Sullivan.
In the year 1915 a bronze tablet
was set up as a marker, by the John
A. Logan Women's Relief Corps, No.
76, near the place where school-
master Sullivan lived in Berwick.
The marker declares that his sons,
who served in the American Revolu-
tion, Daniel, John, James and Eben-
ezer, were born here. That is,
doubtless, true of Ebenezer, born in
1753, but Daniel, John and James
were born in Somersworth, in the
vicinity of Rollinsford Junction, and
it would have been more accurate to
have said upon the marker, "on
this farm were reared" his sons, etc.
Seven cities claimed to be the birth-
place of Homer. All cities and
States are proud of their great sons.
The writer of this, in his History of
Durham, N. H., stated that General
John Sullivan was probably born in
Berwick. Later the foregoing evi-
dences were discovered, and the con-
sideration of them convinces him
that the General and Governor of
New Hampshire, as well as James
Sullivan, the Governor of Massa-
chusetts, was born on New Hampshire
soil. I am a native of Maine and
am sorry to part with the honor, but

Up in Old New Hampshire 51

the fact that my ancestors were near the force of the stubborn facts. If

neighbors of the SiilHvan family in anybody can produce counter evi-

Rolhnsford makes it easier to acknowl- dences, I shall be happy to change

edge my former error and to admit my mind again.

UP IN OLD NEW HAMPSHIRE

By. Charles Poole Cleaves

Up in old New Hampshire farmin' pays.

Ain't a doubt about it; I've been farmin' all my days.

Sold my latest crop this mornin', and the cash

Lies reposin' in my pocket. How d'ye think I got the trash?

Say now! Farmin's quite a secret!

But up in old New Hampshire — where we know a thing or two —

We've just cottoned to the secret. And I don't mind tellin' you.

First: Your father has a farm.

And he rakes and scrapes and skins it with a stout and tireless arm ,

Till for every stone he gathered — there they lie in yonder wall —

He can count a yaller turnip in the fall;

And for every child a heifer in the stall;

And for every day of labor in the years that came and went

He can count a heap of comfort and an age of sweet content.

Then you come in possession. And you know

That the old man's ways o' farmin' were all tarnation slow.

So you read the western papers and you study catalogues

Till you wonder Yankee farmin' hasn't run to cats and dogs.

Plain truth to any youth. Ain't a farm jest like a bank?

If you drop your money in it won't a crop grow where it sank?

You can buy a sorrel rooster for ten times the worth of yours,

And that figger makes his bigger — and handsomer, of course.

You can buy a fertilizer that will cost as much agin

As the heap o' native compost that your father carted in.

You can find a fancy seed that costs a dollar more a pound;

You can stock with new machines — and what a joy to have 'em 'round!

You can build a barn to hold 'em and a shop to make repairs;

And — say noiv ! Farmin' pays ! —

You support a dozen fellers that are peddlin' out their wares;

And you keep the factories hummin',

And, with signs of good times comin',

All the passin' politicians stop to ring your bell — and hand!

And proclaim the prosperous farmer

The salvation of the land!

And a flock o' city cousins come to cry their "Hardly-knew-yer!"s

And to sit around the table at Thanksgivin' hallelujahs.

52 . The Granite Monthly

And you say: "Wal — y-e-s: farmin' pays.

But an awful sight o' money I've had to raise.

Still, I s'pose it's well invested, and it's all there — every cent!

And I've got the bills and figgers, I can tell jest — where — it — went!

It's jest as good as cash in the bank

I can see the — bubbles — where it sank!

And down in old Concord, when we go down,

I'll show you men farmin' — like me on a sulky plow — settin' down!

I set down my figger at six o'clock a. m.;

They set down their figgers at six cents per annum.

Wal'! Farmin' pays,—

Up in old New Hampshire!

'Tis a pretty hefty winter when you're eatin' more'n you 'arn.

But you're feedin' grain by bushels to the critters in the barn;

And when the spring-time opens, mebbe ten or twenty more

Lambs and calves and pigs — say nothin' o' chickens by the score.

And you feed 'em! And creation ])ubbles up with livin' things:

'Tater bugs and caterpillers, gapin' mouths and flyin' wings.

And you feed 'em! by the million! And the hawks and skunks and crows

Git a rich and riotous livin'. So the world o' Natur' grows.

And hehind all is the farmer! feedin' every livin' thing:

Skunk and man and politician,

Merchant, preacher and physician,

Agent, editor, musician,

All that walk or swim or cling.

And the farmer's ragged weskit hides a sproutin' angel's wing.

Talk of angels! There's a real one in the kitchen on the farm,,
Raisin' up a flock o' cherubs that shall keep the world from harm.
And when you're jest — fit — to — stagger, under all you have to raise,
She — takes in a summer boarder! And — say now! Farmin' pays! "

Next: You advertise your Eden:

*' Farm for Summer rent or sale."

And you git some lit'ry feller to draw up a fancy tale:

How the grass is green as natur'; pink-blue skies and bubblin' waters;

How the farm was made for raisin' stalwart sons and heaven-born daughters.

Add up all that you've invested, salt it down at six per cent.;

Double that, from whence j^ou figger what it's wurth at annual rent.

Or, you — could — be — induced to sell it: at— a trifle more'n you've spent.

Set that bait

Where some tired city feller longin' for a breath of air,

That shall cost what he can spare

Picks his mornin' paper off his breakfast plate

And — say now! Farmin' pays!

Bet the jingle in my pocket you won't have long to wait!

THE STORY OF LITTLE JANE

By Katherine C. Header

They think you
anything about
dead unless in

Little Jane's heart was set on going
to Jacob Merrill's funeral, but there
seemed to be no one to go with her,
"and you will be afraid to walk all that
four miles alone," objected her mother.

"Afraid — indeed!" Little Jane
tossed her curly head at the idea.
Had not her father been a Revolu-
tionary soldier, and was not her gi'and-
father Harriman one of the first
settlers of nobody knows how many
towns? Besides, what was there to
be afraid of between here and the
meeting house? (This was in the
3"ear 1821 and Jane was not quite
eleven years old.)

Really there was nothing to fear,
and Mrs. Carleton did not wonder
that Jane was anxious to go. If only
one of the older children was at home
to stay with little Mary Annette, who
was too young to walk so far, she would
go too, for the tragic fate of this young
man, cut down before he had fairly
reached his prime, crushed to death
by some logs rolling onto him in the
millyard, w^ould give Father Suther-
land a grand opportunity to preach
one of those powerful funeral sermons
for w^hich he was so famous, and which
not many months before had called
forth a letter of remonstrance from
some of his parishioners.

"And there is one thing more we
would mention," wrote the good

*Jane McKinley Carleton, the daughter of Jesse Carleton and his wife, Nancy Agnes Harri-
man, was born at Bath, N. H., July 29, 1810; married James Sidney Morse of Groveland,
Mass., October 17, 1830. Her married life was spent in Groveland and, later, in Worcester,
where she died, September 10, 1890.

She spent several years of her life with her daughter in Enfield, Conn., and the above little
anecdote of her childhood was told me by her granddaughter Jessie Brainard Abbe, an ex-
pert genealogist of that town, who had it from her grandmother's lips.

As will be noted, she came from pioneer stock on both sides, her maternal grandfather^
Jasaiel Harriman, being one of the signers of the famous New Hampshire Association Test,
and one of the very first settlers of both Haverhill and Bath; while her father, Jesse Carleton,
had a distinguished Revolutionary record and traced his ancestry in an unbroken line back
to the Norman, Baldwin de Carleton the founder of the family in 1066.

Soon after Carleton Hall was built near Penrith, Cumberland County, England. This an-
cestral home was occupied by successive generations of the family for more than 600 years.

The immigrant, Edward Carleton, the immediate ancestor of our branch of the Carleton
family, came to America in 16.38, with Rev. Ezekiel Rogers' party, and settled in Rowley^
Mass.

brethren, "and that is your sermons'
you preach at funerals, which got to
be a great greaf to your friends at
home and abroade.
had better not say
the caracter of the
Extraordinary cases, we think it has-
attendancy in one case to fill the minds
of the friends with pride and Exalted
fealings to extol them, and in the;
other case with very disagreeable
fealings aftd cause resentment. Sir,
these things have made a great deal
of talk in this and naburing towns,
and your friends have been quite
alarmed about the matter.

"We feal and think that on such
occasions the living are the ones that
ought to be preached to in such an
Empressive manner, that they may
see the nessesity of Living constantly
prepared for death."

But Jane was impatient to be off
and could hardly wait while her
mother curled her long auburn hair
(her brothers sometimes called it rpd
when they wanted to tease her),
buttoned her pink print dress down
the back, tied on her little white sun-
bonnet and with many parting in-
structions bade her goodbye.

Jane set out happily, carrjdng her
shoes and stockings in one hand and
in the other a few carraway cookies
carefully wrapped in her clean hand-

The Granite Monthly

kerchief. How she enjoyed the walk
that lovely April morning, though
the road for the first mile was hardly
more than a bridle path — up by the
old Indian wigwams now deserted,
across the Wild Ammonoosuc on the
stepping stones; then on past the
*'Big Rock" where years and years
before, her Aunt Carr, then little
Mercy Harriman, had planted the
first pumpkins and cucumbers ever
raised in the town. She had heard
the story told so often that she could
almost see the child busily carrying
the rich loam up to the flat top of the
rock in her little apron, while her
pioneer father and mother were build-
ing their first rude shelter just below.

Then, begging a few seeds from
their much prized and scanty store,
&he planted her little garden in play,
unconscious that she was at the same
time planting for herself unfading
laurels.

But, with many a backward look,
Jane kept on past the grand Payson
mansion and through the village.
She did not loiter here, for the meet-
ing house was two miles further on,
but she could not forbear, as she
crossed the Big Ammonoosuc, to stop
on the long bridge and look down into
the millyard, where poor Jacob had
met his untimely death.

It made her feel so sad and mourn-
ful. She wished she was a gi'own up
lady and could wear a black dress and
veil, to show how much she mourned.
As she went on she kept thinking how
hard it was to try to mourn properly
in a pink dress and white sunbonnet.

But when she reached Widow
Blanks, where she was to stop and put
on her shoes, the door of Opportunity
suddenly opened, and little Jane, a
true daughter of her race, walked
bravely in. Widow Blank, poor soul,
had twisted her ankle that very morn-
ing and could hardly walk a step.

''Oh," exclaimed Jane breathlessly,
"if you are not going mayn't I wear
your bonnet and veil? We all liked
Jacob so much and I want to do
something to mourn."

"My bonnet and veil, child?"
echoed the good woman in surprise.
"Why yes, and my gloves too if you
want them." So the simple minded,
good hearted widow brought out the
coveted finery, albeit somewhat faded
and worse for wear.

The church was full. All the big
square pews, with their cunning little
doors and with the benches on three
sides, all the seats in the long gallery
over head were packed.

How still everji^hing was, and how
saintly Father Sutherland looked,
standing up there in the high pulpit
with the great sounding board over
his head.

Yet at this solemn moment who
could help smiling at the quaint little
figure, which came demurely up the
aisle, her sweet earnest face framed
with golden curls and surmounted
by the rusty crape bonnet, while the
limp folds of the veil, nearly envelop-
ing the slender form, hung several
inches below the hem of the pink
gown. Her Httle hands, encased in
the faded black cotton gloves, were
primly folded over her clean hand-
kerchief.

But nothing could disturb Father
Sutherland's sweet serenity. As he
lifted his hand, a solemn, almost awful,
silence fell upon the congregation and
they sat there as if spellbound by his
eloquence for almost two hours. It
was a most dramatic and powerful
discourse and Httle Jane hstened,
awestruck, and mourned sincerely,
clad in all the "trappings of woe."

That night she gave the family a
complete account of the funeral —
who were there and what they wore,
as weJl as what the minister said, but
she did not mention the borrowed
bonnet^ — ^she probably forgot it.

A few days later, however, a neigh-
bor who had more curiosity than good
manners, asked Mrs. Carleton why
did little Jane wear Widow Blank's
bonnet to Jacob Merrill's funeral?

"Widow Blank's bonnet! Indeed,
she did not. She wore her own Httle
ruffled sunbonnet."

Some Time, Some Day

"Ah, but she did, for I sat directly
behind her and I should know those big
brass pins anjovhere." So Httle Jane
was called upon to give an account of
herself and obhged to "fess up."

Little Jane lived to be eighty years
old and used to delight in telling her
grandchildren this story as well as
many others of her childhood days,
awaj^ up among the New Hampshire

hills. But she never would quite
finish the story. "What did your
mother say?" we children would ask
eagerly. "Was she cross? Did she
scold you or did she laugh?"

Grandmother would always shake
her head and with a mysterious smile
and a twinkle in her eye, would reply,
"You know my mother was a Harri-
man."

SOME TIME, SOME DAY

By Mary Alice Dwyre

A child sat in a ball room.

And watched the shifting crowd
Of dancers on the polished floor,

And then she spoke aloud —
"I'll dance like them, some time,

If Mother says I may;
Oh! I'll be like them some time,

Some time, some day."

A maiden walked by the seashore,

And looked out on the troubled sea.
As a pair of youthful lovers

Strolled past her aimlessly;
And as the breakers roared,

She turned to softly say,
"Oh! I'll be like them some time —

Some time, some day."

Love came unto the maiden,

And she became a wife,
And soon the gift of a child.

Brightened all her life;
But often, when about her tasks,

She was heard to gently say,
"I want other joys,

They'll come, some time, some da3^"

And so is our life, and our pleasures

Are like the mists before the rain;
-They enfold us for a minute,

And then they are gone again;
But if all our trials we conquer.

When death's angel comes our way.
We shall rest contented in Heaven,

Some time, some day!

56 The Granite Monthly

THE ACADEMY IN EXETER

A Retrospect

By Charles Nevers Holmes

memories whose embers burn!

Those years of youth when hfe was free;
Back, back again my thoughts return,
Fair Exeter, to thee.

Once more, amid romantic days,

Ere deeper knowledge dulled the heart,

Ere soul was wise in worldly ways
Of man and money's mart,

1 pause beneath some shady tree,

Or rest upon yon campus-lawn,
And there in vivid vision see
The faces dead and gone.

Again our chapel's bell recalls

My drowsy mind to morning prayer.

Once more within those classic walls
I climb that chapel's stair;

Or in some recitation room.

When Nature beckons out of door,

Bedecked with Maytime's fragrant bloom,
I doze o'er Latin lore;

Yet oft amid the dead of night,

When all the town is still and dark.

My study-lamp shines clear and bright
Like learning's sleepless spark.

Again those Sabbath church-bells sound
Their summons to the souls of youth.

To visit consecrated ground
And hear the words of Truth;

Ah, like some dream, far, far away.
The student days that I spent here.

Ere care awoke or hair was gray.
Ere sorrow shed a tear!

O memories whose embers burn!

Those years of youth when life was free;
Back, back again my thoughts return.

Fair Exeter, to thee.

DIAMOND LEDGE

By George Wilson Jennings v

Early last summer, some friends, of rocky and verdure-clad peaks,

who reside in the southern part of the The mountains of Maine, Mount

Granite State, extended to the writer Pleasant, White Face, North East

an invitation to accompany them on Passaconway, and Old Chocorua;

an auto trip to a section of the White looming up in the distance are the

Mountains, known as "Diamond Weetamoo, and Pennacook Moun-

Ledge," which is situated one ''coun- tains. The Pennacook Range was

try" mile from Sandwich Centre, so named by Pennegan, ar\ Indian

New Hampshire. Leaving just be- chief, who gave one of his daughters

fore sunrise, our party set out on this in marriage to the chief of the Penna-

journey of seventy miles, the first cooks. The tribe was numerous in

stops being Rochester and Three New Hampshire in 1660, and it is

Ponds. Passing through Union and interesting to relate that a remnant

Ossipee, we had a charming view of of their number is still in existence in

Ossipee Lake. In the distance, the St. Francis, Province of Quebec, Can-

Chocorua Mountain and Chocorua ada. Ossipee Range is plainly seen,

Lake; "First a lake tinted with sun- as well as the old Indian trail which

rise; next the waving lines of the far leads into Canada. As the eye fol-

receding hills" . . . lows this trail, one can fancy a band

After a short rest at Sandwich of Indians going through the pass;

Centre we proceeded to do a little especially at the autumn season, when

chmbing, in order to reach Diamond nature is all aglow. At the sunset

Ledge, no easy task, and a bit perilous, hour one can imagine a procession of

We soon reached the top, without warriors, some on horseback and

mishap, however, and found our- some afoot, with a slow measured

selves at our destination. It was tread; paint, buckskin, beads and

very thoughtful of our former Presi- feathers galore. A vision that brings

dent, Theodore Roosevelt, at the end to mind these lines:

of an extended iourney, to compli- -n?- u i r ^u i? ,.

, , , . •• 11 1 J 1 Would you learn of the Forest

ment the engmeer who brought hmi its tears and its laughter?

safely through. W^e lost no time in Go follow the trail,

following his example upon reaching When the sunlight lies pale,

the end of our trip, and heartily con- ^^^ ^^^ shadows creep after,

gratulating the New Hampshire son. At Diamond Ledge we were enter-

who was our pilot. tained at the homes of several friends.

It is a good and safe rule to sojourn who spend many months yearly in

in every place as if you meant to this country. One of the lodges,

spend your entire life there; improving where our party stopped, bears the

every opportunity, as well as making name of Lindisfarne; the name was

friends. taken from an island in Northum-

Here we found nothing to obstruct berland, on the coast, near York, Eng-
our view of the horizon. Diamond land. These lodges are surrounded
Ledge is set on a mountain, 1,600 feet by the most luxuriant trees, the Colo-
above the sea level, a diamond as it rado spruce, natural pines, fir balsam,
were, to its jeweled neighbors, a clear- maples and poplars. As we sat in the
cut gem of nature, polished with great living room at Lindisfarne, our
scenic environments and set in a genial hostess read to us from her
wealth of mountain scenery. For favorite books: "Mid-Summer in
miles the eye comn^ands a succession Whittier's Country" (a little study

The Granite Monthly

of Sandwich Centre), and the "White
Hills in Poetry," relating at intervals
man}^ little anecdotes concerning that
section of the White Mountains.
This room contained some rare ex-
amples of antique furniture, a Willard
banjo clock of the period of 1810, a
"Ben" Franklin, or "gate leg" table,
and before the open fireplace, with
blazing logs, stood one of those great
roomy chairs, known as the "hood"
chair. About the room, here and
there, stood several Windsor chairs
of the period of 1800. All of these
heirlooms were handed down through
successive generations. The hospi-
tality that was extended to us at
Weetamoo Lodge will not soon be
forgotten. This home, with its
porches, and the open fireplaces,
would tempt one to remain there all
the year round. After a sumptuous
dinner at the old-fashioned hour of
one o'clock, we repaired to the ve-
randa, where we sat for several hours
watching the many changing scenes
on the hills, and the clouds that
floated above the summit of the
mountains, while in the valley below
could plainly be seen a severe storm.
As we looked toward Pennacook
Mountain, one of our party repeated
that verse of Whittier's:

Not for the jar of the loom and the wheel;
The gliding of shuttles, the ringing of steel,
But the old voice of waters, of bird and of

breeze,
The dip of the wild-fowl, the rusthng of trees.

This cordial entertainment, like all
other good things in life, was soon at
an end, and it was with a feeling of
regret that we bade our friends adieu.
When at the sunset hour we turned
our faces homeward, among these
hills renowned in story and song, the
legends and traditions that always cling
to the White Mountains were retold.
There is a lesson to be learned from
the hills; they have a tendency to lift
mankind from the sordid side of Hfe,
and teach us to be firm of mind, to
cultivate strength of purpose; and, at
times, silence. "To the hills we turn
for strength for they are everlasting. "

On our return trip down the moun-
tain, it is always a source of pleasure
to look at old Chocorua (that is, if one
can forget the sad legend connected
with it) . Chocorua was a chief of the
Ossipee tribe. He was afraid of
nothing; he fought in many battles
to keep the white men away from his
people, and their "hunting ground."
But the settlers and the soldiers were
too strong for his warriors. The Ossi-
pee tribe was driven, foot by foot,
over the border into Canada. Cho-
corua and a handful of braves re-
mained. The Colony of Massachu-
setts offered many pounds of silver
for scalps of the Indians. One by
one Chocorua's men were killed; then
he held his ground alone. He re-
treated further and further up the
mountain when pursued by the white
men. His arrows were gone; death
or capture were before him. With
folded arms he stood silent on the
peak. A bullet whizzed by him.
Then he lifted up his voice in prophecy
of woe to the white men's land, of
sickness to the cattle, of death to the
young men; he sang the cry of aban-
donment of the land, then he plunged
in the dark sea of mist and pines to
his death three thousand feet below.
The mountain was called by his brave
name. A huge gray boulder today
lies at the base of Chocorua Moun-
tain, which is known as this chief's
last resting place.

Another enjoyable incident was the
view we had of Asquam Lake, with
its mirror-like surface stretching
northward. Much could be said
about this famous lake named by the
Indians as signifying (hterally) " beau-
tiful-surrounded-by-water-place. " Its
waters are as clear as crystal and
reflect every change and tinge of
color of the clouds, trees, and sky.
The graceful lines of its shore, its
miniature islands, the mists which at
dawn and sunset veil the distant land-
scape, add the charm of mystery to
the region.

Nearing Ossipee, we were halted by
the sound of a key-bugle, and there is

Till Then and Aftencards

nothing that stirs the blood more than
this music among the mountains in
particular. It ranged from the low
soft notes of a mother's lullabj^, to
the clear ecstatic ring which kindles
the fire among armed men and makes
them smile at death. About sunset
the mountains and the woods seemed
to be filled with the birds calhng each
other, and the air seems to contain
silver bells. Think of woods filled
with chiming bells. How interesting
is all this mountain and wood life
going on year after year, musical with
bird songs, the chatter of squirrels,
the clear call of the deer to each other.
The songs and sound of the moun-
tains still linger as of a place of dreams
and repose; the silence is eloquent
with God's presence.

Here was the beloved ground of
Whittier, where Indian legends float
in the breezes, and when the little
mists rise over the mountains, all the
people say "Look! The ghosts of the
Indians are abroad on the mountains;

See! they are smoking the pipe of
peace over their once happy hunting
grounds."

The following lines appeal to a native
born son of New Hampshire and con-
tain a wealth of deep-rooted sentiment :

Yet far beyond her hills and streams New
Hampshire dear we hold,

A thousand memories our glowing hearts
unfold;

For in dreams we see the early home by the
elm or the maple tall,

The orchard-trees where the robin built, and
the well by the garden wall

The lilacs and the apple blossoms make para-
dise of May,

And up from the clover-meadows, floats the
breath of new mown hay.

One of the stillest moonlight even-
ings; not a sound but the bleat of a
lamb, and the murmur of a river; all
the rest a cool broad friendly silence.
Peace comes down with the soft
clouds and the mists that veil the hills,
and the mountains sing all night in
the moonlight.

Brooklyn, N. Y.

TILL THEN AND AFTERWARDS

By Stewart Everett Rowe

Come here, my queen; to you I now must say

A word before I lie me down to rest —
Throughout this pure and perfect autumn day

All, all my thoughts have been of you, the best,—
Best soul for me; and when I'm old and gray.

When I'll have climbed and stood upon the crest
You'll still be queen for me to lead the way

To paths where walk the sanctified and blest!

Why speak me thus? I cannot answer why;

I only know I never felt before
These strange, dry sobs that make me pray to cry

My eyes out for the one down on the shore.
I only know I want you till I die

And after that, — forever, evermore!

A NEW YEAR'S GREETING

By Harry V. Lawrence

All was quiet on the good ship Blue
Bell as she steamed out of the' bay,
bound for a trip to the Old World.
On this vessel one could find clergy-
men, doctors, nurses and many people
who were prominent in good works in
the various communities from which
they had come. For several days the
ship held a very quiet set of passen-
gers, as the weather was rather rough,
and many of them had not adjusted
their "sea legs" to the strenuous con-
ditions of the stormy Atlantic. On
the sixth day out the passengers began
to show more interest in each other,
and more or less singing of religious
songs was indulged in, much to the
disgust of the rugged looking crew,
and amusement of the robust looking
Captain Fair.

Early on the morning of the seventh
day out, as the ship was nearing the
European coast, First Officer Lucas
thought he discovered the periscope
of a submarine on the ship's port
side, and he immediately reported his
suspicions to Captain Fair. The cap-
tain rushed up to the bridge and
adjusted his marine glasses for a bet-
ter view. By this time the passen-
gers had heard the news and flocked
to the upper decks to get a glimpse of
the dreaded under-sea boat. First
Officer Lucas was correct in his deduc-
tion, and in a few minutes the sub-
marine rose to the surface and fired a
shot across the bow of the Blue Bell.
Captain Fair gave the signal to stop
his vessel, and in a short time the
submarine, which seemed to be of the
Holland type, drcAV up alongside the
Blue Bell and sent officers aboard to
examine the vessel and its papers.

As the young submarine com-
mander appeared on deck he imme-
diately saluted the captain and his
officers and demanded, in perfectly
good English, to be shown the ship's
papers. After detailing Officers Cha-

pin and Jennings to show the other
submarine officers about the boat,
Captain Fair took the young com-
mander to his cabin for an interview.
In the meantime the passengers
divided their time by watching the
submarine and casting furtive glances
at the strange officers who were in-
specting the vessel.

While the inspection of the vessel
was in progress the passengers were
decidedly anxious, as they had heard
fearful stories about the destructive
powers of a submarine, and they also
observed that First Officer Lucas was
having about all he could attend to
in keeping the vessel steady, as there
was a strong wind blowing from the
East. Down in the cabin the captain
was explaining the reasons for his
passengers visiting Europe while the
war was in progress.

The young foreign commander said:
" Captain, do you mean that you have
no munitions of war aboard this ves-
sel, and that these passengers are
bound for the battlefields to help re-
lieve distress?" The captain said:
"That is exactly what I mean, sir."
As the argument went on in the cap-
tain's cabin the passengers became
more nervous, and, as this condition
had been observed by Chief Engineer
Stone, on a trip about the boat, he
went to the upper deck, pulled a
machine-gun from under some canvas
and trained it on the submarine's
deck. His idea was to force respect
for the Blue Bell, as the machine-gun
was his own private property. Un-
fortunately the two cabin boj's,
George and Tom, thought it would
be a good joke to put a cord across
the opening to the captain's cabin so
that the young foreign commander
would trip up as he left the captain's
quarters. In a few minutes the inter-
view was over, and the submarine
commander started for the door, fell

A Basket of Chips

-over the cord, and landed heavily on
the deck. He immediately arose to his
feet with an oath, and, as he had seen
the boys laughing a short distance
awaj', gave the following order to his
men: "Take the young rascals aboard
the submarine for punishment."

Captain Fair immediately said:
"Sir,, I will discipline the boys mj^-
self, but you cannot take them from
my vessel while I am in command."
The situation had become tense and,
as the two commanders glared at
each other, Chief Engineer Stone
came up, and said: "Captain Fair, at
the present moment I have the sub-
marine covered with a machine-gun
and one volley will put her on the
bottom of the ocean as she is only

twenty yards away." The subma-
rine commander glared at the chief
engineer a moment, and then said:
"Well, I'll admit you have got the
drop on us as we all know she could
not stand a volley at twenty yards,
and, if you will agree not to fire, I
will leave your vessel alone, as I
realize most of your passengers are
visiting Europe to accomplish much
good, and we will all be glad when the
big fight is over." As the submarine
officers left the Blue Bell some of the
passengers remembered it was Jan-
uary First, and they called out greet-
ings to the foreign officers, and, just
before submerging, the entire sub-
marine crew shouted : "A Happy New
Year to all."

A BASKET OF CHIPS

By Delia Honey

I picked them up, and saw at once

No two were just the same —
A school boy, be he wise or dunce,

If he took them as they came,
Could not but see some large, some small;
Yet we gather them in, we gather all.

The maple chips were large and white,

With birds'-eye knots in their grain;
The curly birch with its bark, at night

Makes a cheerful flame, and in the main
Each chip is all that we desire
To bring good cheer in an open fire.

The Good Lord holds us as so many chips

In His spacious basket, to use;
There are no two alike, we make blunders and slips,

But He will never abuse;
And if we are ready, and in faith do ask it
He will gather us all in His spacious basket.

He will use us, too, to make light and cheer

In this world He has put us in;
Till He calls us hence, into visions dear.

His chips, be they thick or thin —
For the Master's use, be we great or small.
He'll gather us in — He'll gather all.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

DR. JOHN GEORGE DEARBORN

John George Dearborn, M. D., born in
Meredith, May 27, 1835, son of James and
Sally Blake (Prescott) Dearborn, died in
Charlestown, Mass., January 2, 1916.

Dr. Dearborn was educated in the Meredith
schools, and at Gilford Academy. He studied
medicine with Drs. Albert A. Moulton and
George Sanborn of Meredith, and was grad-
uated, M. D., at the University of the City
of New York in 1858. He located in prac-
tice in Gijford, in October of that year con-
tinuing three years. February, 10, 1864, he
was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the U. S.
Navy, and continued in this service till
January 22, 1866. He then located in prac-
tice in Charlestown, Mass., where he con-
tinued.

He was physician and surgeon to the
Massachusetts state prison from 1869 to
1872, and was also physician to the Charles-
town Free Dispensary and Hospital. He
was a Knight Templar Mason ; a member of the
Military order of the Loyal Legion, of the
Bunker Hill Monument Association, and o
the Massachusetts Medical Society. He
served several years on the CharlestowTi
School Board and was a vestryman of
St. John's Episcopal Church for some time.

He married, June 17, 1879, Miss Susan
Edwards of Charlestown who survives, with
one daughter, Helen M.

FRANK H. CARLETON

Frank H. Carleton, a prominent lawyer
and business man of Minneapolis, Minn.,
and a native of the town of Newport in this
state, died at St. Barnabas Hospital in that
city, February 1, 1916.

Mr. Carleton was born October 8, 1849,
the son of the late Henry G. Carleton of
Newport, for forty years associate editor
and proprietor of the Argus a7id Spectator of
that town. He was educated at Kimball
Union Academy and Dartmouth College,
graduating from the latter in 1872, and
removing to Minnesota soon after graduation,
where he first engaged in newspaper work,
but, later, became clerk of the St. Paul
Municipal Court, and pursued the study of
law with Cushman K. Davis and C. D.
O'Brien. He was the private secretary of
Gov. John S. Pillsbury, and afterward engaged
in law practice in Minneapolis, gaining prom-
inence in his profession.

He had served as assistant city-attorney,
and as a member of the library Aboard, and
was a director of the Minnesota Congrega-
tional Home Mission Society. He was a
Mason, an Elk, a member of the Minneapolis
Athletic Club, and a trustee oi the Park
Avenue Congregational Church of Minne-
apolis. Last year he made an extended visit

in Newport and was planning to come again
this year.

He was united in marriage in 1881, with
Ellen, daughter of Judge E. S. Jones, whc
survives, with a daughter and five sons, the
youngest of whom is now a student at
Dartmouth.

REV. ALBERT H. THOMPSON

Rev. Albert H. Thompson, for many years
paster of the Congregational Church f at
Raj^mond, died suddenly of angina pectoris,,
on Saturday evening, January 29, 1916. -^

Mr. Thompson was born in Chelsea,
Mass., January 27, 1849. When he was
three years old his father, a sea captain,
and his mother were drowned at sea and
he was reared in the home of his mothers'
relatives at Searsport, Me.

He was graduated from Phillips Academy
at Andover in 1868, and from" Amherst in
1872. He was the valedictorian of his college
class and its permanent secretary. In 1875
he was graduated from Yale Divinity School,
and was also its permanent class secretary.

In 1874 Mr. Thompson was licensed to
preach by the New Haven West Association,
and on Februarv 26, 1879, he was ordained
at Bingham, Me. From 1875 to 1877 he
was stated supply at Georgetown, Conn., and
then for two years at JBingham, Me. In
1880-87 he was acting pa.stor at Wakefield
and during this period wrote a history of the
town for the History of Carroll County,
He had served the Raymond church since
1888, and on March 30, 1905, was installed
as its settled pastor. He long served the
Rockingham Conference of Congregational
and Presbyterian Churches as secretary-
treasurer.

He was a Mason, an Odd Fellow and a
Patron of Husbandry, and had served many
years as chaplain of Raymond Grange,
and of Gov. Bachelder Pomona Grange.
He was also the correspondent of many
papers, liis regular contributions to the
Exeter News Letter being of special interest.

He leaves a wife, who was Arvilla P.
Hardy, daughter of the late Loammi Hardy,
of Ossipee, long registrar of deeds for Carroll
County, and two daughters, Miss Elizabeth
H. Thompson, who has a library post at
Trinity College, and Mrs. Arvilla H. Ewell,
of Fostoria, Ohio.

MISS HARRIET 'W. TUTTLE
Harriet W. Tuttle, who died at her home
in Worcester, Mass., February 7, 1916, was
a native of the town of Harrisville, N. H.,
fifty-five years of age.

She was the daughter of Rev. William G.
and Harriet Wallace Tuttle, her father being
a Congregational clergyman, who after

New Hampshire Necrology

leaving New Hampshire was long pastor of
the church at Ware, Mass., where was her
home in early life. Her education was
completed at WeUesley College, which she
left in 1879 to become the fii-st principal
of Northfield (Mass.) Seminary, which
position she held three years. After a year
of study abroad, she became assistant to the
President, Alice Freeman Pahiier, at WeUesley
but was compelled to resign in 1893, to care
for her parents in their declining years.

Miss Tuttle held an enviable place among
an unusually wide circle of friends, as a
member of the Congregational Woman's
Board of Missions in Boston, and itsW^orcester
County branch, which last body she served
for many years as home secretary and
later as a vice-president. She was a member
of Piedmont Church in Worcester. She is
survived by a brother, Dr. Edward Gerry
Tuttle of New York.

AMOS H. WHIPPLE

Amos H. Whipple, a prominent hotel
man of Boston, and long proprietor of the
Copley Square Hotel, died there suddenly
January 24, 1916.

He was a native of the town of New
London, a son of Dr. Solomon M. and Henri-
etta K. (Hersey) Whipple, born June 21, 1856.
He received his education at Colby Academy,
in New London, and at an early age began
his business career. His father was a
prominent physician, who, in addition to
his professional work, established a pharmacy
in New London, which his son managed for
awhile, becoming a registered pharmacist.

He later acquired and conducted two
stage lines which had their terminus in
New London and he also conducted a livery
stable there, as he did at Potter Place, N. H.,
and another business interest was a carriage
and harness repository. When the first
telephone company was established in New
London, Mr. Whipple became half owner in
starting the business. He also conducted the
Heidelberg Hotel in New London, his first
hotel experience, and he made it popular
with summer visitors.

Removing to Boston, to engage in hotel
life, he was first employed at Hotel Thorndike,
going later to the Nottingham, as manager,
where he continued seven years, and about
eleven years ago became proprietor of the
Copley Square Hotel which he managed
thereafter, and was it is said, the only hotel
manager in Boston who owned the house
which he conducted.

Mr. Whipple was president of the Boston
Hotel Men's Association, past president of
the Massachusetts Association and was at
one time vice-president of the Hotel Men's
Mutual Benefit Association, a national
organization. For several years he was a
member of the Algonquin Club. He was
unmarried and leaves as his nearest surviving
relative one brother, Sherman Leland Whipple

tlje eminent Boston lawyer who resides in
Brookline. A third brother of the family
was Dr. Ashley Cooper Whipple, a physician
in Ashland, N. H., who died at the age of
twenty-eight years.

REV. HENRY S. KIMBALL

Rev. Henry S. Kimball, born in Candia
seventy-seven years ago, died at the State
Hospital in Boston, January 26.

He was for a time in youth a dry goods
clerk in Manchester, but later studied for the
Congregational ministry, and was ordained.
He held several pastorates in Massachusetts,
and about eighteen years ago became the
pastor at Troy, where he remained eleven
years, then removing to Surry where he had
been located for the last seven years, preach-
ing his last sermon there December 19,
soon after which he suffered a slight shock ^
from which he never rallied but grew worse *
till his decease.

He leaves a widow and three daughters,
Mrs. A. W. Bowser of Halifax, N. S., wife
of a sergeant in the Seventy-fourth Overseas
Regiment; Mrs. F. W. Cross of South
Royalston, Mass., whose husband is a member
of the Massachusetts legislature, and Miss
Annie Kimball, a school teacher in Bridgeport,
Conn.; also three grand-daughters.

WILLIAM R. BURLEIGH

William R. Burleigh, a native and for
years a prominent lawyer of Somersworth,
but of late a resident of Manchester, died at
his home in the latter city, January 27, 1916.

William Russell Burleigh was a son. of
Micajah C. and Mary (Russell) Burleigh,
born February 13, 1851. He was educated
in the public schools, Phillips Exeter Academy
and Dartmouth College, graduating from the
latter in 1872, in the class with Frank H.
Carleton, Albert S. Batchellor, George
Fred Williams and Adna D. and Anson L.
Keyes. After a course at the Harvard Law
School, he engaged in practice in 1874, at
Somersworth, at first in companj^ with
Nathaniel Wells, subsequently with his son,
Christopher H. Wells, now editor of the
Somersworth Free Press, and later with
WiUiam F. Russell. He held high rank at
the bar, and was for a time solicitor of
Strafford County.

After a time he abandoned the law to
engage in manufacturing, having come into
possession of a bobbin factory which was
removed to Dover and there operated for
some time. Going out of this business he
removed to Chicago, and resumed legal
practice which he continued till about seven
years ago, when he returned to New Hamp-
shire.

Mr. Burleigh was prominent in Masonry,
had been Grand Master of the Grand Lodge
of New Hampshire, and was a Knight
Templar.

Mr. Burleigh was twice married. His

€4

Tlie Granite Monthly

first wife was Miss Mary Lord, who died
in 1887. He later mai'ried Miss Jennie
White of Manchester, who survives him, as
also do one son, John R., of Manchester, one
brother, Edward S. Burleigh, of Tavares,
Fla., and two sisters, Mrs. Charles W. Wright
of La Grange, 111., and Mrs. Edmund S.
Boyer of Exeter.

REV. WILLIAM H. WALBRIDGE

Rev. William H. Walbridge, born in
Brookfield, Vt., March 5, 1841, died in
Milford, N. H., January 27, 1916.

He was educated in the public schools
and at the Theological Seminary at Green-
field, Mass., and entered the Unitarian
ministry, holding pastorates at Stowe, Vt.,
and other places. He became pastor of the
church in Milford, September 4, 1881, and
continued until 1894. Fifteen years ago, in
1900, he relinquished a pastorate in Rochester,
returned to Milford, bought a large farm
and engaged extensively in agriculture for
a number of years, but sold out about four
years ago and bought a small place near the
village where he died. He served six years
as chairman of the school board in Milford,
refusing re-election last year. Milford
honored him by election to the legislatures of
1909 and 1911, when he served on the
education and railroad rates committees.

He was a staunch Republican and in 1912
was his party's candidate for the state senate
from the Thirteenth district.

In 1861, Mr. Walbridge married Miss
Fannie Burnham of Roxbury, Vt., who died
in 1895. Two years later he married Mrs.
E. F. Adams of Portland, Me., who survives
him, together with three children: Elmer
B. Walbridge of the West Indies, Mrs. Lucy
M. Annis of Rochester, and Charles F.
Walbridge of Alilford.

ANDREW J. HOLMES
Andrew Jackson Holmes, a veteran printer
of Concord, died at his home in that city
Februar}^ 16, 1916, aged eighty-one years.

He was a native of Jaffrey, born October
28, 1834, and spent most of his life at the
printer's trade, which he learned in youth, in
various offices in Manchester and the Capital
City, except for a period of service in the
Union "Armj-, during the Civil War, as a
member of the Third New Hampshire Regi-
ment, from August, 1861, to December, 1862,
when he was discharged for disability. He
was long an employee of the Patriot Office, but
for many years previous to and up to the time
of his death, was engaged by the Rumford
Printing Company. He was highly esteemed
by his associates, a man of fine principles, an
Odd Fellow and an uncompromising Democrat.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

It now seems to be settled that there is to
be no contest in either party over the choice
of delegates from this state to the several
national conventions for the nomination of
candidates for President and Vice-President,
the withdrawal of certain previously an-
nounced candidates in the Democratic party
having left only the requisite number in the
field. There seems to be no question as to
whom the Democratic delegates will support
for the presidential nomination, there being
only one man mentioned in that connection;
but with the Republicans and Progressives
(the latter i^arty having entered the field with
delegate candidates) the situation is different.
The Weeks boom, which apparently had
strong Republican support in the state, for a
time, seems to have .spent its force, and the
"watchful waiting" policy now seems to
prevail, though there are a good many un-
compromising Roosevelt men in both the
RepuVjlican and Progressive ranks.

The Manchester Equal Suffrage Asso-
ciation is engaged in an active and .syste-
matic campaign for the promotion of the
cause of "Votes for Women" in that city,
where very little work along that line has
been done in the past. The State Associa-
tion is furthering the movement, apparently

believing that the state's largest city furnishes
the most promising field for effort in this
direction at present. A grand suffrage rally,
to be addressed by Carrie Chapman Catt,
president of the National Woman Suffrage
Association, in the Manchester Auditorium
was arranged for Sunday evening, February
27. Mrs. Catt, who is a brilliant and enter-
taining speaker, will l)e remembered as having
made an extended campaign here thirteen
years ago, since which time she has traversed
this countrj- and Europe in advocacj^ of the
cause.

It is (he purpose of the publisher to issue a
mammoth double number of the Granite
Monthly, for March and April, to be devoted
in the main to the industries, and commercial
and professional activities of the city of Man-
chester. He expects to present a number equal
in extent and attractiveness to the May-June
number of last year devoted to the interest of the
Capital City and issued on the occasion of Con-
cord's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary.

Subscribers are again reminded that they
can exchange their 1915 single numbers for
boimd volumes by forwarding an order for
the same, accompanied by 50 cents for cost
of binding.

o
S

OS
<!

-"'- - ' ■- "-11 arTiiTi \m

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, Nos. 3-5

MARCH-MAY, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, Nos. 3-5

PROGRESSIVE MANCHESTER

Introductory Chapter — Historical and Descriptive

By Edgar J. Knowlton

Manchester! The marvelous! The
magnetic! The magical!

It is a name to conjure by. In its
expansion, its enterprise, its teem-
ing, forceful, commanding, pulsating,
virile life, in its wondrous accom-
plishments, it stands preeminent in
all northern New England.

It is a city of homes; a city where
a great industrial army is housed and
lives in contentment. Nowhere are

manufacture of cigars, brushes, bob-
bins, seamless bags, paper, doors,
window sashes, hosiery, baseball bats,
bowling pins, needles, spokes, trunks,
jewelry, boxes, mattresses, carriages,
picture frames, harnesses, soap, and
innumerable other products. In
Manchester's population of 85,000
there are comparatively few idlers.

Manchester is one of the first
cities in the country in the production

Amoskeag Falls and Bridge

the relations between Capital and
Labor more amicable and harmonious
as here invested capital has a care
and concern in the welfare of its
employees, and labor dissensions are
unknown.

Its industrial Hfe is reflected in the
daily occupations of more than 20,000
textile workers, more than 10,000
makers of shoes, and in the activities
of those who are engaged in the

of textile fabrics, the making of
shoes, and the manufacture of cigars,
and in many other lines she is abreast
if not in advance of her sister manu-
facturing cities of equal size.

Manchester is richly endowed by
nature as a manufacturing and dis-
tributing center, and as a place of
residence. Her development is based
first of all upon her magnificent
water power, afforded by Amoskeag

United States Government Building

Progressive Manchester

Falls. She commands in her growth
both banks of the Merrimack River,
which has the cUstinction of turning
more spindles than any other river in
the world. In the southwesterly sec-
tion the city is pierced by the Piscata-
quog River, an affluent stream, which
is tributary to the ^Merrimack south of
Granite Street, and which is of suffi.-
cient size to afford power for manufac-
turing. On this stream is located one
of the large plants of the United States
Shuttle Company, and one of the large
power plants of the Manchester Trac-
tion, Light, and Power Company.

Manchester is on the main line
of the Boston and Maine Railroad
extending from Boston to Canada,
is eighteen miles south of Concord,
the state capital, and eighteen miles
north of Nashua which is the second
city in the state in population. The
city has branches connecting with
Lawrence on the south, Portsmouth
on the east, Milford on the south-
west, and Goffstown, Weare, Hen-
niker, and Hillsborough on the
northwest. With all these priceless
advantages in her favor, with an
honorable history and an industrioua

Manchester High School

The city rises from the banks of the
Merrimack and Piscataquog Rivers
to the heights beyond, and possesses
many charming scenic attractions, chief
among w^hich and the most conspicuous
are the LTncanoonuc and Joe English
mountains, eight miles distant to the
westward. The Uncanoonucs are ac-
cessible by electric car service and an
incline railway, and are visited each
summer by thousands of people who
come from all quarters of New Eng-
land and w^ho are thrilled by the in-
spiring outlook from the tower, on the
top of the mountain hotel.

population, the claim that Manchester
will become one of the first cities of
the East, and attain to a population
of more than 100,000 in 1920, seems
to be fully justified. She is so big
already that she affords a magnet for
the attraction of new industries and
development, and with their in-
stallation come thousands to aug-
ment the population.

No inland city can surpass Man-
chester in the matter of street car
service. The system is owned and
managed by the Manchester Traction,,
Light, and Power Company, which

St. Paul's Methodist and First Baptist];Churches

Progressive Manchester

also furnishes electricity for municipal,
corporate and private purposes, and
is one of the big enterprises of
Manchester. Besides serving all sec-
tions of the city with an efficient
transportation it runs its cars to
Nashua, Derry, Goffstown and Au-
burn, and also has electric car service
with Concord.

borrowing from the agitated air about her
the one requisite needed to make her uni-
versally known, she would be welcomed and
acclaimed by the brotherhood of towns which,
save in this pneumatic characteristic, she so
much resembles. For Manchester is a
typical western town in almost all that is
best in western towns, a town with western
energy, celerity, directness of public and

Franklin Street Congregational Church

Under the caption, "The Spirit
of Manchester," the Boston Herald,
editorially, recently paid Manchester
the following encomium:

Were the metropolis of New Hampshire on
the lush prairies of Illinois, or where the
Chinook and blizzard sing forever on the
steppes of the Dakotas, or yet the less
windy and sun-blistered plains of Kansas,
she would have a national renown. For,

private purpose, with that admirable and
peculiarly western quality of cooperation,
public and private cooperation, unity, good
fellowship, absence of jealousy — jealousy, that
cankerous bane of New England from the
cities to the dying hamlets in the clefts of
the mountains. Proud, but not conceited,
buoyant, yet not inflated, hustling, but not
jiggling, clean, bright, handsome, orderly,
so amazingly orderly and courteous, Man-
chester happily has seized what is best in

The Grardte Monthly

the West without losing the equally fine
things of New England and assimilated and
joined them in a whole which daily increases
the pride of the whole state.

Manchester is the largest city-
north of the Massachusetts line
in New England; she has an area
of 21,700 acres, and a water area of
3,060.48 acres; she has approximately

commons are valued at over $700,000;
her corporations and clubs own
hundreds of acres of land which are
devoted to recreation.

Manchester is from 100 to 500 feet
above sea level; she has the finest
athletic field, in the Amoskeag Textile
Club's park, in New England outside
of Boston. She has over one hundred
passenger and forty freight trains

Grace Episcopal Church

10,000 dwellings, and fully 16,000
families; her assessed valuation is
$75,000,000, and her wealth, including
personal property not assessed, is
estimated to he more than twice her
assessed valuation; she has more
than 210 miles of public streets and
more than 150,000 square yards of
street paving; she has 206.91 acres
of parks and commons in the l)uilt-up
section of the city; her parks and

daily , sixty-four miles of electric railway
lines, which carry more than 12,000,000
passengers yearly. Her water works,
owned by the city, has had expended
upon it fully $9,000,000, and furnishes
the city with more than 4,000,000
gallons daily. She owns 4,119 acres
about the city's source of supply, Lake
Massabesic, which has a watershed of
forty square miles. She has more than
132 miles of water pipes in use.

Progressive Manchester

Her public and parochial schools
have an enrollment of 14,000 pupils.
She has three private commercial
colleges, and is the seat of the Roman
Catholic see. She has a county
court house, in which two sessions of
the superior court are held each
year and monthly sessions of the
probate court, and a county jail,
and a State Industrial School. Her
Institute of Arts and Sciences is the
only free institution of its kind in the
country. Her public library contains

twelve months; she has a paper mill
which produces 100 miles of paper each
working day; she employs more than
10,000 people in her shoe factories
which turn out a product valued
at $20,000,000 yearly. She occupies
seventh place among the cities of the
United States in the production of
shoes. She has the largest single
cigar factory in the United States,
which gives employment to more than
1,000 persons, and which has a pay-
roll of nearly $1,000,000 annually.

Elliott Hospital

70,000 volumes. She has one of the
best statues of Lincoln in existence,
one of the most imposing soldiers'
monuments, a Y. M. C. A. building
which cost $150,000, a Masonic
Home, two Odd Fellow buildings,
a Knights of Columbus, and a Knights
of Pythias building, and she has the
second oldest woman's club in New
England.

The pay-roll of her industries aggre-
gates more than $12,000,000 annually;
she manufactures more than 250,000,-
000 yards of cotton cloth and 13,000,-
000 yards of fine worsted cloths every

Her brush factory furnishes more
brushes than any other factory in
the world, and its product is valued
at more than $1,100,000 yearly.
She turns out 20,000,000 bobbins each
year. She has fire insurance com-
panies with assets exceeding $7,000,-
000, manufactures 2,000,000 baseball
bats annually, also 75,000 automatic
knitting machines, and 9,000,000 knit-
ting machine needles. She has more
than fifty churches, and with very few
exceptions they are free from debt.

Her gas companv produces more
than 230,000,000 feet of illuminating

HON. EZEKIEL A. STRAW

Progressive Manchester

gas each year. Her street lighting
is by both electricity and gas. Man-
chester is considered one of the best
lighted cities in the United States.
Manchester held fifth place among
all of the cities of the country in
building operations during the past
year, her expenditures in this direc-
tion, in 1915, amounting to $2,543,440.

The Manchester Public Library
is a pretentious and most beautiful
marble and granite structure calcula-
ted to meet the needs of the city for
half a century. It is the gift of Hon.
Frank P. Carpenter as a memorial for
his departed wife. Iji close proximity
to this splendid structure is another
ornate building which is the home
of the Manchester Institute of Arts
and Sciences, a gift from Mrs. L.
Melville French. This edifice is
entirely in harmony with its com-
panion building, the public library.
These two structures are examples
of the progress which Manchester is
making architecturally and along
educational lines. Another public
building, a magnificent six-story
hostelry, is contemplated for the
corner of Chestnut and Concord
streets, but a short distance from
the public library and the Institute
building.

In dollars and cents a valuation
of nearly $75,000,000 is placed upon

Manchester. Her eleven banks and
her single Building and Loan Asso-
ciation carry deposits well above
$45,000,000. Manchester pays one
half of the entire expense of con-
ducting the affairs of Hillsborough
County, the most populous county
in the state. It requires more than
$1,500,000 to annually meet the
expenses of her municipal affairs, and
j^et her taxation is not burdensome.

Rev. WiUiam J. Tucker, D. D.,
for many years the brilliant and
distinguished head of Dartmouth
College, who served his first pastorate
in Manchester, delivered an address
on the occasion of Manchester's cele-
bration of its semi-centennial in which
he said: "Manchester is yet in the
formative state. Our churches are
not separate from the workshop, the
office, the school, the college. The
men with whom we worship are the
very men with whom we walk the
street, at whose side we -work, with
whom we lay the plans of our business
enterprises, with whom we study in
our search after knowledge and truth."

That this locality was originally
a favorite resort for the Indians has
been attested by the finding of
numerous stone implements and
human bones. The celebrated chief,
Passaconaway, of the Penacook
tribe, and the sachem, Wonolanset,

Hon. Ezekiel A. Straw. No man, in all its history, has been more prominently identi-
fied with the progress and development of the city of Manchester than was Ezekiel A. Straw,
for many years the agent and executive of the great corporation upon whose growth and pros-
perity that of the city itself has been builded. Born in the town of Salisbury, December 30,
1819, but reared in Lowell, Mass., to which place his parents removed in his infancy, and
where his father — James B. Straw — was engaged in the service of the Appleton Mills, he was
educated in the public schools of that citj^, and at Phillips Exeter Academy, devoting his
attention particularly to higher mathematics in which he became proficient. His first work,
while yet under twenty years of age, was as assistant civil engineer for the Nashua & Lowell
Railroad. In July, 1838, he became, temporarily, engineer for the Amoskeag Manufacturing
Company, but what was supposed to be a temporary service, became permanent and lifelong.
His advancement was rapid till, in 1851, he became agent of the land and water power depart-
ment, and five years later the shops were placed in his charge, and the mills added in 1858,
from which time, till his decease, October 23, 1882, his master mind and wonderful executive
ability directed the complicated machinery of this great corporation. Meanwhile he was a
dominating force in public and political affairs. He was conspicuous in the organization and
management of various important business corporations in Manchester, including the New
Hampshire Fire Insurance Company of which he was the first president, and the Manchester
Gas Light Company. In 1864 and 1865 he served in the State Senate, was Governor of New
Hampshire in 1872 and 1873, a delegate in the Republican national convention of 1876, and a
member of the Centennial Commission from this State that year. A biographical sketch of
Governor Straw appeared in the Granite Monthly for October, 1877.

HON. DAVID CROSS

Progressive Manchester

made their home a jiood share of the
time at Amoskcag Falls where the
river teemed with fish. Upon the
bluff east of the falls, now occupied
by the pretentious residence built
by the late ex-Governor Frederick
Smyth, was a large Indian village,
and there, about 1650, John Eliot,
the famous English apostle, taught
the aborigines to pray, preached to
them, and conductecl a school for
their instruction. His labors gave
to this locality the distinction of
having the first school and preaching
service northwest of Exeter.

The first settlement by the whites
was on Cohas brook, in the vicinity
of Goffs Falls, in 1772, by John
Goffe, Edward Lingfield, and Ben-
jamin Kidder, who came from the
Massachusetts colony. Eleven years
later these pioneers were followed by
Archibald Stark, the father of Gen.
John Stark, and by John McNeil,
and John Riddle, who came from
Nuffield, now Londonderry, with
their families, and settled near
Amoskeag Falls. To reside at the
falls in those days was to experience
all the dangers and vicissitudes of
border life, and the names of Stark,
Goffe, and Rogers became conspicuous
in the galaxy of noted Indian fighters.

The first step toward the establish-
ment of manufactures, for which
Manchester has since become noted,
now sending her produce into every
civilized land, was the outcome of a
public award for engaging in battle
with the Indians. Maj. Ephraim
Hildreth, who built the first industry
in this then new country, a sawmill

on the Cohas brook, and several
other Massachusetts men, were
awarded a tract of land extending
from Litchfield to Suncook, on the
east bank of the river, and three miles
in width, this territory embracing
what is now the most populous part
of the city.

It is well authenticated that the
early settlers of Londonderry supposed
that this tract of land, eight miles
in length and extending eastward
from the river, was included in their
grant, but, through error in making
the survey, this strip appears to have
been left outside their jurisdiction.
The grant w^as named Tyngstown,
in honor of Capt. William Tyng, who
was prominent as a leader among the
Rangers. Subsequently there was a
long dispute between Massachusetts
and New Hampshire authorities with
regard to the settlement of the
boundary line between the two states,
the contest then involving the ques-
tion as to which state Tyngstow^n
belonged. In 1740 a settlement was
agreed upon so far as Tyngstown
was concerned, and the decision
made that it belonged to the Granite
State. September 3, 1751, the Gov-
ernor and Council granted a town
chart^er in response to a petition, and
gave to the new town the name of
Derryfield. At what is now known
as Manchester Center, a locality
first settled b}^ John Hall, William
Gamble, and their associates, the
first town meeting was held, Septem-
ber 9, 1751, and for nearly one hun-
dred years thereafter that locality
remained the seat of government.

Hon. David Cross, bom in Weare, July 5, 1817; died in Manchester, October 1, 1914.
Judge Cross practiced law in Manchester for a longer period of time than any other man.
Admitted to the bar in 1844 — three years after his graduation from Dartmouth in the class of
1841, of which he was the last Hving member, as well as the oldest alumnus of the college
&t the time of his decease — he continued in practice till within a few months of his departure.
Three generations of lawyers came and went during the period of his professional career, and
all found him a genial associate. He witnessed the growth of Manchester from a factory vil-
lage to a Metropolitan city, and never failed to manifest a deep interest in all phases of its
•development. He was a member of the common council in its first city government; served
many years in the State legislature; was long Judge of Probate for Hillsborough County, a
member of the Constitutional Conventions of 1889, and 1902, and held various other posi-
tions of trust and responsibility. A Republican in politics and a Congregationalist in religion,
he was prominent in the affairs of both party and church. An extended sketch of his life
appeared in the Granite Monthly for August, 1911.

Progressive Manchester

When the War of the Revolution
was inaugurated by the battle of
Lexington the men of Derryfield were
among the first to respond. The se-
lectmen and thirty-four out of thirty-
six men able to bear arms left at
once for the scene of hostilities,
leaving but two able-bodied men at
home with the old and infirm. They
were present with Stark at Bunker
Hill, where the men from New Hamp-
shire outnumbered all the other
patriots on the field, and behind the
historic rail fence won undying fame.
They were the last to leave the field.
Again at Bennington, Stark and' his
men from old Derryfield, and other
New Hampshire towns, turned back
the tide of English invasion and

achieved a victory which was to the
Revolutionary War what the battle of
Gettysburg was to the War of the
Rebellion. At Trenton, Princeton,
Springfield, Saratoga, West Point,
and Yorktown, the men of Derryfield
showed their fidelity and heroism, and,
when independence was achieved, the
signing of the articles of peace was
celebrated by a general merry-making
at Amoskeag Falls on July 10, 1783.

The grave of the immortal Stark is
located on a bluff overlooking the
Merrimack, near the place where he
made his home, and on land which he
owned. It is a sightly, beautiful
spot, and it is the expectation that
at no distant day there will be erected
above the ashes of the old hero and

Col. John Badger Clarke, born in Atkinson, N. H., January 30, 1820; graduated from
Dartmouth, second in class of 1843; teacher of Gilford Academy three years; admitted to
Hillsborough bar in 1848; went to California in 1849; returned to Manchester in 1851; bought
the Daily and Weekly Mirror at auction, October, 1852, and for nearly forty years devoted him-
self to building up these papers and a job printing plant; died October 29, 1891. Upon this
skeleton hangs the story of one of New Hampshire's strong men of the nineteenth century, who
achieved a greater degree of success and influence in newspaper work than any other in this
State. John B. Clarke was easily a leader — dignified, resolute, determined, courageous,
sagacious, practical. He compelled the success which made his papers leaders in circulation
and influence. The Mirror was his pride, creature of his tireless energy and industry, his ut-
most devotion, so imbued with his personality as scarcely to be dissociated from it. Ever keep-
ing in touch with the people, loyal to the right as he saw it, he was fearless in opposing wrong.
Country born, he never lost interest in growing things, and genuine enthusiasm impelled his
efforts to make the Mirror and Farmer the best possible for New Hampshire farmers. Said
President Tucker of Dartmouth: "He magnified his calling, and then tried to fill up the measure
of his enlarged thought. He was impatient of inferior work and small results. I never knew
a man in whom the element of true pride was more conspicuous or more useful." Mr. Clarke
encouraged all manly sports, had rare knowledge and love of horses, and contributed greatly
to the improvement of trotting horse stock in New England He loved Manchester and
believed in its future and was active to recommend and push forward measures for its prosper-
ity and welfare and to promote its educational, religious and charitable enterprises. Through
his liberality and foresight the Clarke prizes for elocution in Manchester schools were estab-
lished in 1880, and made permanent. For five years, from 1874 to 1879, he encouraged elocu-
tion in Dartmouth College, by the bestowal of prizes. He published many valuable works of
his own and others, among his own publications being the "Londonderry Celebration," "San-
born's History of New Hampshire," "Clarke's Manchester Almanac and Directory," "Clarke's
History of Manchester," and several smaller works. Mr. Clarke always refused to be a can-
didate for office, because he believed that office-holding would interfere with his influence as a
public journalist, but was a delegate to the Baltimore convention that nominated Abraham
Lincoln for a second time to the presidency, and was one of the national committee of seven
(including ex-Governor Claflin of Massachusetts, ex-Governor Marcus L. Ward of New Jersey,
and Hon. Henry T. Raymond of the New York Times), who managed that campaign. He was
connected with the College of Agriculture, was a trustee of the Merrimack River Savings Bank
from its organization in 1858; a master for three years of Amoskeag Grange, No. 3; for two
years lieutenant-colonel of the Amoskeag Veterans, and was twice elected commander, but
declined that honor. Six times he was elected state printer, in 1867, 1868, 186&, 1877, 1878,
and in 1879 for two years. Big-hearted, generous, sympathetic, genial, he loved and enjoyed
life more than most. Appreciating all the good things of life, nature's great out-doors, society,
friends, most of all he loved his home and found his truest happiness there. He married, in
1852, Susan Greeley Moulton of Gilmanton, by whom he had sons, Arthur E. and William C.
Mrs. Clarke died, May, 1885, and in July, 1886, he married OUve Rand of Warner, who sur-
vives him.

Progressive Manchester 81

to his memory an imposing equestrian It was not until after the War of
statue. The national government has the Revolution, the colonies having
the matter in hand. The city has won their independence, that the
purchased twenty-five acres of the settlers about Amoskeag Falls were
surrounding land and converted it able to turn their attention to the
into a public park. arts of peace and to lay the permanent
In the War of 1812, and later still, in foundations of the future metropolis
the War of the Rebellion, the citizens of New Hampshire. The population
of Manchester were true to their mar- was not lacking in men of progressive
tial history and sustained the renown mold, and conspicuous among them
of their ancestors. Although possess- was Hon. Samuel Blodget, a native
ing a population of but 20,107 in 1860, of Woburn, Mass., who had been a
of whom but 8,668 were males, Man- sutler in the Colonial and Revolution-
chester sent 2,352, or 27.13 per cent of ary wars, judge of the court of com-
ber male population, to the front, and mon pleas, and a merchant with
of this number 11.50 per cent never extensive business connections. He
returned. The bravery, heroism, and was, moreover, possessed of an ample
patriotism of the men from this city fortune, and, with a sublime faith
were written in their life blood, which in the future of the settlement which
dyed every great battlefield of the war, could not be shaken by storms of
and demonstrated that the men of adversity, he devoted his entire
Manchester were worthy descendants fortune, and all the money which he
of Revolutionary sires. could raise by lottery, to the con-

CoL. Arthur Eastman Clarke, eldest son of Col. John B. Clarke, born May 13, 1854,
naturally came into control of the Mirror establishment, including the daily Mirror and Ameri-
can, the weekly Mirror and Farmer and the extensive job printing plant connected therewith,
upon his father's decease and has successfully managed the same to the present time. Upon
his graduation from Dartmouth College in the class of 1875, he entered the Mirror office to
familiarize himself with all lines of work in the establishment, commencing with the composing
room and going through the press room, job department, and proof room, finally arriving at
the position of city editor, which he held a long time, for some years doing all the work himself,
and subsequently with an assistant. Later he held various other editorial positions, success-
ively, including that of agricultural editor of the Mirror and Farmer, which had come to be one
of the most widely circulated agricultural journals of the country. He also served for several
years as legislative reporter at Concord. In these various capacities he acquired an all-around
experience, as well as a wide acquaintance with men and matters. A Republican in politics,
Colonel Clarke has served in the Manchester common council and in the State Legislature.
He was for several years Adjutant of the First Regiment, N. H. N. G., and gained his rank as
Colonel by service as an aide on the staff of Gov. Hiram A. Tuttle. He was agricultural
statistician for New Hampshire during the administration of President Garfield. He has
been President of the N. H. Press Association, the New Hampshire member of the executive
committee of the National Press Association, of the Boston Press Club, the Manchester Press
Club; president of the Derryfield Club; a member of the Calumet Club, and the Algonquin
Club, of Boston. He is a Past Exalted Ruler of the Manchester Lodge of Elks, and a member
of Amoskeag Grange. Interested in elocution in his student days, and carrying off high honors
in that line, he has continued this interest, and promoted elocutionary drill in the pubUc schools
of Manchester and other places. As a dramatic critic he has done excellent work, and enjoys
a wide acquaintance in the theatrical world. He has also long been interested in all lines of
athletics and all fields of sportsmanship, being a crack shot with all kinds of firearms and an
enthusiastic fisherman. For many years he managed the well known Mirror farm, just outside
the city limits, where extensive agricultural experiments were conducted, and some of the
finest stock as well as the most prolific crops ever known in the State were produced. He
inherited his father's executive ability in a large degree, and his mastery of all the details of the
work in the various departments of the Mirror establishment is complete. He has travelled
extensively abroad as well as in his own country, and has published an interesting volume of
"European Travels." He is an active member of the Society of the Franklin Street or Second
Congregational Society of Manchester, and was chairman of the committee that secured the
services of the present able pastor. Rev. B. W. Lockhart, D.D. January 25, 1893, he united
in marriage with Mrs. Jacob G. Cilley, then of Cambridge, Mass., daughter of the late Rev.
Nathaniel Bouton, D.D., of Concord.

GORDON WOODBURY

Progressive Manchester

struction of a canal around Amoskeag
Falls, through which might be carried
to the large markets down the river the
vast quantities of lumber which grew
on the banks of the Merrimack.

This herculean enterprise, for those
days, was commenced in May, 1794,
and it was not until thirteen years
later, May, 1807, that the indomitable
Judge Blodget saw his cherished
enterprise completed. By his exer-
tions in constructing this canal Judge
Blodget won the proud distinction
for himself of being the pioneer of
internal improvements in New Hamp-
shire. He only survived the com-
pletion of his great enterprise three
■months; but just before his death he
foi'etold with prophetic exactness
that Derryfield was destined to
become the Manchester of America,
and three years later the initial step,
out of compliment to his memory,
was taken by the change of the name
of the town from Derryfield to
Manchester.

In 1846 the town attained to the
dignity of a city, having at that time
a population of 10,125. On the east
is Massabesic Lake, the largest sheet
of still water in the state south of
Concord, which is the city's un-
surpassed source of water supply.
Manchester's daily consumption of
water is more than 4,000,000 gallons.
On the south are the towns of Litch-
field and Londonderry; on the west,
Goffstown and Bedford; and on the
north, Goffstown and Hooksett.

The government of the city is
vested in a mayor, and thirteen
aldermen, one from each ward, who
are elected biennially by the people.
The condition of the operatives in
Manchester is best shown by an
agent of the department of labor of
the national government, who spent
several weeks in their homes for the
purpose of reporting as to their
circumstances and surroundings. She
says:

"Manufacturing life in Manchester was a
great revelation to me. I was very agreeably
surprised to find such intelligent and happy
looking operatives. My work has taken
me among the operatives themselves, in their
homes, and the condition of the mill employees
in Manchester is better than I have found
elsewhere. One only needs to walk and
meet the returning streams from the mill to
see what respectable, orderly operatives are
to be found in factories; no unseemly conduct,
no disorder on the street; neat-looking
garments are the rule.

"The corporation tenements demonstrate
that their owners have a sense of respon-
sibility, a regard for the condition of the
homes in which the operatives live. The
tenement houses, instead of being great
ill-shaped, rambling structures, are solidly
built and comfortable, and, as a rule, have
never more than three families to one en-
trance. An effort seems to have been made
to secure the privacy of family life, which is
so essential to happiness. The presence
of a front door-bell is of itself a mark of
civilization, and private entrances for each
family are very general. I find that special

Gordon Woodbury is a name familiar to Manchester through the ten years' connection of
Mr. Woodbury with the Daily and Weekly Union newspapers, as editor and manager. A
native of New York, but a resident of Bedford and a descendant of notable Bedford families,
he has long been intimate with Manchester interests, and, through his conduct of the papers
mentioned, rendered no small service to the State. The Daily Union was started upon its
career as New Hampshire's only morning paper by the late Stilson Hutchins of Washington,
himself a New Hampshire man by birth, in the autumn of 1879, taking over the plant of the
Union Democrat conducted by Campbell & Hanscom, from which a small evening daily had
also been for some time issued. Three years later control of the paper passed into the hands
of one J. C. Moore, under whose management the prestige and character of the paper depre-
ciated to such extent that when control thereof was acquired by Mr. Woodbury, in 1896, it
was practically without standing or influence. The work of rehabilitation, to which he ap-
pUed himself, and the restoration and wonderful extension of circulation and influence which
he secured for the paper, is in some measure set forth in the biographical sketch of Mr. Wood-
bury in the February issue of this magazine. When, after ten years' control of the paper, he
sold it to Rosecrans W. Pillsbury, it held the leading position among New England daily news-
papers, which, under Mr. Pillsbury, and the present proprietor, Major Frank Knox, it has since
retained.

The Granite Monthly

attention has been paid to the important
matter of drainage. As a rule, the sanitary
condition of tenements is good, and the
operatives themselves are extremely desirous
of obtaining the advantages which they
recognize the tenements afford, as they
informed me that instances are common
where applications are made for two or three
years before the applicant succeeds in
obtaining possession of a tenement. Shady
yards and well kept sidewalks are particularly
attractive to those who have been accustomed

toward the employees. I find comparatively
little suffering and a general recognition
of the fact that the mill operatives of Man-
chester are quite as well off, if not more
comfortably situated, than those of other
manufacturing cities. They are also re-
markably stable. There are many native
Americans still employed in the mills —
people of character and education — and
there are a number holding responsible
positions who began at 50 cents per
day."

Masonic Home

to the bareness of tenement districts in other
places.

"The agents of the mills seem fully to
appreciate the importance of good sanitary
conditions as regards both the health and the
working capacity of their employees. In
all of the mills I find great attention has been
paid to this matter. The consequence is
that the mills themselves are as comfortable
working places as the nature of the occupation
will possibly admit. The agents seem to be
acquainted with the family and circumstances
of many of the operatives. They themselves
overlook the excellent boarding houses and
in every way show a sense of responsibility

Manchester was made the seat of a
signal station by the national govern-
ment March 1, 1887, which was
maintained for several years. The
records of the office show the follow-
ing deductions: highest recorded sum-
mer temperature, 96 ; average of highest
summer temperature, 94; average sum-
mer temperature, 67; lowest recorded
winter temperature, 1 1 ; average rain-
fall per year, 41.72 inches. The signal
office when first opened was in charge
of Sergt, Frank Ridgway.

Situated as it is, with the land
affording a perfect system of drainage.

Progressive Manchester

its houses built separate, one from
another, and having in most instances
ground about them, giving air and
hght, having the purest of water, and
being under the supervision of a
board of health which has all the
needed authority to enforce whatever
requirements it may deem advisable,
Manchester can point to its vital
statistics with a degree of pride.

The census returns establishes
Manchester's position at • the head
of the list of northern New England
cities. The enumeration for each
decade is herewith given:

worship here find expression. The
house of the first Methodist Episcopal
Society, still in use, was the first built
by a religious society in the original
town, and the First Congregational
Society was the first to build a house
of worship in the compact part of
the city. The population increased,
other churches were built, and of the
many advantages possessed by the
city it may well be said that none are
greater, more lasting, or of higher
importance than those which the
numerous houses of worship afford.
Manchester is the home of the

Boston & Maine Railroad Station

1700 362

1800 557

1810 615

1820 761

1830 877

1840 3,235

1850 13,932

1860 20,107

1870 23,536

1880 32,630

1890 44,105

1900 56,987

1910 70,063

1916, estimated 85,000

^lanchester looks well to the
religious welfare of her population.

All the various forms of Christian

Catholic bishop, the Right Rev.
George M. Guertin, whose diocese
embraces the State of New Hampshire.
He occupies a large palatial residence
on Lowell Street. Associated with
the Catholic churches are several
convents — Mount St. Mary's, Jesus
and Mary, and Holy Angels— whose de-
voted Sisters of Alercy accomphsh
a vast deal of good in the lines of
charity, education, and benevolence.
There are five public parks situated
in the compact part of the city,
aggregating twenty and one-half acres,
which were given to the city by the
Amoskeag Manufacturing Company
on condition that they should be kept

The Granite Monthly

inclosed, well cared for, and never
built upon. The grass is kept closely
cropped, shade trees abound, concrete
walks lead through the grounds, and
settees provide rest and comfort,
while sparkling fountains and blos-
soming flowers add a sense of delight
and attractiveness to the scene.
Merrimack Square is the largest of
the group, containing five and seven-
eighths acres. In this common is
situated Manchester's magnificent
tribute to her soldiers of the late war.
It is a monument and fountain com-
bined, a granite column fifty feet
in height rising from the center of

acres of land in the northwestern
section, within which is a rugged and
prominent promontory known as
Rock Rimmon.

In addition to her activities Man-
chester possesses an abundance of
those charming and restful accom-
paniments of which many cities are
entirely destitute. She has elegant
residences, surrounded by beautiful
grounds, which are embellished by all
the varied devices known to nature
'and art, and a walk among them is a
revelation to those who, as it often
happens, come from much larger
centers of population. The streets

Manchester Institute of Arts and Sciences

the basin, surmounted by a colossal
statue of Victor}'. On each of the
four arms of the basin is a bronze
figure of heroic size representing the
principal divisions of the service in
the army and navy. The cost of the
monument was $22,000. Besides
these beautiful squares, the city has
set aside 67.83 acres of land from
the territory heretofore forming a
part of the city farm, and is dividing
the tract to the uses of a public park
and pleasure ground which is known
as Derryfield Park.

Stark Park, in which rests the dust
of the immortal Stark, has also been
acquired by the city; and there is in
process of development forty-five

are so shaded by trees of elm and
maple that their boughs interlace, form-
ing an archway of green, beneath
which rolls the traffic of the busy
metropolis. Go in any direction
from the heart of the city and one is
certain to meet with attractive sites
for summer residences. One has not
to go outside the city to be placed in
the possession of majestic views.
From the top of the observator}'^ on
Oak Hill, a gift to the city by the
late ex-Governor James A. Weston,
a sweep of vision is obtainable which
is inspiring in the extreme.

To the northward, nearly one
hundred miles distant, through the
atmosphere of a clear day, are the

Progressive Manchester

clearly distinguishable and snowy out-
lines of the eternal White Hills which
have given to New Hampshire the
name of "Switzerland of America."
Kearsarge mountain in Warner, the
Sunapee range, whose l^ase is bathed
by the crystal waters of Lake Sunapee,
Lovell mountain in Washington,
Crotchet in Francestown, the twin
Uncanoonucs in Goffstown, the rugged
front of Joe English in N.ew Boston,
Monadnock in Jaffrey, Watatic in
Massachusetts, and many other
heights equally as prominent, uplifting
their giant forms against the sky
sentinel-like, are before the admiring
gaze of the on-looker, and stand as
monuments to the geologic age which
witnessed their creation. And this
grandeur of mountain scenery is still
further enhanced by the contrast
afforded by the beautiful and verdant
valley of the Merrimack, through
which runs the river, glistening in the
sunlight like a ribbon of silver.

Manchester, with just cause, prides
herself on her educational institutions.
It is a matter of record that her
public schools won the highest awards
bestowed at the Centennial Exposition
held in Philadelphia. They are under
the management of a Board of
Education consisting of one member
from each ward, chosen without
distinction as to their political affilia-
tions at the biennial elections. Be-
sides a high school, in which are
enrolled more than 1,200 pupils,
another high school is now projected,
and besides the various branches of
the public schools a training school
for teachers is maintained. The
salaries paid to the teachers employed
in the public schools of the city
amount to $1,000 per day.

The parochial schools of the city
vie with the public schools in effi-
ciency, and are noted for their excel-
lence, and thoroughness in imparting
instruction. They have academies,
a high school, and all the intermediate
and primary branches. Just across
the line in Goffstown, but as inti-
mately and closely indentified with

Manchester as though it was a part
thereof, is St. Anselm's College, a
large and growing Catholic seat of
learning, which has already obtained
a high standing among the colleges of
the East.

There is a German School Society,
which maintains a school for the
teaching of the German language,
which holds sessions following the
close of the public schools in the
afternoon and on Saturdays. This
school has flourished for many years.
There are also two commercial col-
leges, Bryant and Stratton and the
Hesser Business College, both of
which have a large enrollment and
are flourishing.

The city's police and fire depart-
ments are supplied with modern
equipment and are models in their
management.

Manchester has one of the hand-
somest government buildings to be
found anywhere in the country, which
cost more than $300,000. Its faciU-
ties are now being surpassed and a
large addition is contemplated. The
city also has a community court house
building of handsome and ample pro-
portions, and is the seat of the county
jail. She has three large hospitals,
and numerous charitable institutions,
among which may be mentioned the
Masonic Home, Catholic orphanages,
Manchester Women's Aid and Relief
Society, Mercy Home, Gale Home,
St. John's Home, for aged men. House
of St. Martha, for women, and a num-
ber of semicharitable institutions.

The social activities of the city are
many and serve to enliven and break
in upon the sterner realities of life.
The interests in this direction are rep-
resented by the Intervale Country
club, Derryfield club, Calumet club.
Club Jolliet, Club National, and sev-
eral German societies of which the
Turnverein and Mannerchor are the
largest.

Manchester has thirteen theatres
and just outside, at Lake Massabesic
and Pine Island Park, are popular
summer resorts. The city also has

HON. EDGAR J. KNOWLTON

Progressive Manchester

a state armory of ample proportions
which is the headquarters of the
First Regiment, N. H. N. G. It is
the center of activity for four com-
panies of infantry, batter}'', the
regimental band, and a hospital corps.
Its social clubs, Derrj^field, Calumet,
and Interval Country Club, are
among the best known in New Hamp-
shire.

Brief mention has been made of
the products of the city, but before
bringing this sketch to a close atten-
tion should be called to the great
Amoskeag Manufacturing Company.
The history of this great company is
the history of the city of Manchester
in progress and development. Cotton
manufacturing was first begun at
Amoskeag village in 1809 and its
growth, slow at first, has since
attained such proportions as to place

Manchester among the first cities in
the world in manufacturing.

The Amoskeag Company has an
annual pay-roll of more than $7,000,-
000; it has 605,000 cotton spindles,
50,000 worsted spindles, 22,000 cotton
looms, and 2,200 worsted looms in use;
it turns out 259,311,728 yards of cloth
per annum, weaves 1,630,000 bags,
and consumes more than 54,000,000
pounds of cotton, and more than
15,000,000 pounds of wool every
twelve months. It has 5,844,340
square feet of floor space in its build-
ings; it consumes 131,000 tons of
coal per annum, and has from its
water wheels, boilers, engines, and
electric generators more than 170,000
horse power.

For its operatives the Amoskeag
Company is carrying on an extensive
philanthropic, educational, and chari-

HoN. Edgar J. Knowlton, a native of the town of Sutton, son of James and Mary F. (Mar-
shall) Knowlton, born August 8, 1856, a lifelong journalist, and connected for manj^ years with
each of the leading newspapers of the city, undoubtedly enjoys a larger acquaintance in Man-
chester than any other man, and a measure of personal popularity surpassed by no other.
He came to Manchester in 1873, when sixteen years of age and commenced work as an appren-
tice in the office of the Union, then under the proprietorship of Campljell and Hanscom, work-
ing up through different stages of service to the position of city editor, which he held, in the fall
of 1879, w^hen Stilson Hutchins bought and started the Union upon its career as a daily morning
newspaper, and was a very effective force in the reorganization process which the paper under-
went at that time. He continued on the Uyiion till June, 1880, when he went to Lockport,
N. Y., at the solicitation of a relative — Hon. O. W. Cutler — the proprietor of the Lockport
Daily Union, to take editorial charge of that paper, which he conducted through the campaign
of that year with ability and vigor; but, preferring New Hampshire as his permanent field of
labor, and having received a flattering offer from Col. John B. Clarke, of the Mirror, he returned
to Manchesteuand accepted the position of city editor of that paper. From that day to the
present, except for such time as he has been engaged in the public service, he has been connected
in some capacity, editorial or reportorial, or as special writer, with one or the other of the two
great newspapers of the Queen City, his present connection being with the Mirror. For a
large part of the time, also, as at present, he has been the regular Manchester correspondent of
the Boston Globe, and has written extensively for other publications, and has rendered faithful
and conscientious service in every work he has undertaken. A Democrat in politics, he has
served his party and the public in different capacities. In 1886 he was chosen a representative
in the State Legislature from Ward 6, then ordinarily Republican by about 200 majority, by
a majoritv of 76, and his popularity was more thoroughly demonstrated by his election as
Mayor of" Manchester in 1890, by a plurality of 132 over the strongest candidate whom the
Republicans could name, and this at a time when the Republican candidate for Governor
received a majority of 600 in the city. Such was the success of his administration that, two
years later, he was" reelected by a majority of 1,386— the largest that had ever been given any
candidate. His administration as Mayor was characterized by the advocacy and adoption
of many important progressive measures. In May, 1894, he resigned this office, to enter
upon his duties as Postmaster, to which position he had been appointed by President Cleveland,
and which he held for four years, and two months, till a change in administration had resulted
in the appointment of a Republican successor. He has been for nearly twenty years a member
of the Manchester Board of Water Commissioners, and is the present clerk of the board. He
is a member of the Grange, the Knights of Pythias, the Red Men and various other organiza-
tions, and is a UniversaHst in his religious belief and affiliation. He married, November 2,
1880, Genevieve I. Blanchard of Nicholville, N. Y., who died four years since, leaving two
daughters— Bessie Genevieve, now Mrs. Arthur O. Friel of Brooklyn, N. Y., and Belle Frances,
who presides in his home. — ^Ed.

The Granite Monthly

table work. It maintains an emer-
gency hospital, and a corps of trained
nurses who visit the homes of the opera-
tives and assist in the care of their fami-
lies when sick, or when suffering from
injuries, without expense to them. It
maintains children's playgrounds, and
an extensive area for the cultivation of
vegetables and flowers by the children
of the operatives. It has erected the
finest baseball park and athletic
grounds in New England north of
Boston, and carries on an elaborate
series of entertainments throughout
the winter months, and gives instruc-
tion in elocution, domestic science,
and in other lines of culture. It has
a wise provision whereby any of its
operatives, by availing themselves of
it, may become owners of their own
homes and can also purchase stock
and become stockholders in the com-
pany.

Manchester's development, prog-
ress, and prosperity have been at-
tained entirely independent of other
communities. She has not leaned
upon and drawn strength from any
other center of business, but she has
made herself metropolitan to a sur-
rounding circle of communities. Her
growth has been from within and
not from without. It is true that
outside capital has here found re-
munerative investment, but it was
because of the primary advantages
which Manchester afforded that funds
from outside here found an abiding
place and helped to make this thriving
city what she is today. Manchester's
past record of great achievements is
a guaranty of her future. What she
is now, what she has done, will be
duplicated and multiplied many times
over by the Manchester of the years
which are to follow.

NEW HAMPSHIRE FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY

There is no corporation, or business
institution, in which the Queen City
may more justly take pride — none,
indeed, more creditable, in its wonder-
fully successful career, to the State of
New Hampshire, than that whose
name is inscribed above.

The New Hampshire Fire Insurance
Company, the first stock company of
the kind established in the State, was
organized in January, 1870, under an
act of incorporation granted by the
Legislature, but originating in the
sanguine, sagacious and farseeing
mind of the late John C. French, first
secretary and long active manager of
the corporation, whose confidence
in the success of the enterprise found
ample justification in accomplished
results long before his departure from
the scenes of earthly labor. The in-
corporators were Ezekiel A. Straw,
James A. Weston, Samuel N. Bell,
Albert H. Daniels, Samuel Upton,
George B. Chandler, Clinton W.
Stanley, David Gillis, John S. Harvey,

Woodbury F. Prescott, William D.
Knapp, Moses R. Emerson and John
F. Chase. The original capital stock
was $100,000. Ezekiel A. Straw was
the first president, continuing in
office until his death; John C. French,
secretary, and George B. Chandler,
treasurer. The first policy written,
April 6, 1870, was on the residence of
James A. Weston, who succeeded
Governor Straw in the presidency,
continuing, also, until death. During
the first year premiums to the amount
of $40,125 were written, and from
that time to the present, there has
been a steady and constant increase
in the business of the company, so
that its success has been, indeed, re-
markable in the history of fire insur-
ance in this country.

After the first year it was deter-
mined to seek business outside the
State, and for many years past its
field has covered the entire country
and extended beyond its borders.

When the twenty-fifth anniversary

Progr'essive Manchester

of the corporation was celebrated, in
January, 1895, the capital stock had
been increased to $800,000, and the
total assets amounted to $2,250,000,
and a substantial building, on Elm
Street, had just been completed as a
home for the company, 55 x 100 feet
in dimensions, and three stories high,
and as nearly fire-proof as was then
practicable, rendered necessary for
the convenience and safety of the
rapidly growing business.

first and greatest of the stock fire in-
surance companies of the State, is due,
mainl}^, to the high character, ability
and business sagacity of the men by
whom it was organized, and has
been conducted. The people reposed
confidence in them, in full measure,
and that confidence was not mis-
placed, as results have proved. Nor
is the management today any less
capable, trustworthy and efficient
than at the outset, and through the

New Home of the New Hampshire Fire Insurance Company

Today the capital stock is $1,350,-
000; while the total assets exceed
$6,500,000, and the company is housed
in the most elegant and substantial
granite and steel structure to be
found in the State, completed last
year on Hanover Street — a model of
architectural beauty and business
convenience — a monument to success-
ful enterprise and a credit and or-
nament to the city in which it
stands.

The wonderful success of this, the

intervening years. The present of-
ficial roster is made up of the names
of men among the foremost in the busi-
ness and financial circles of the State,
including: Frank W. Sargeant, presi-
dent; Walter M. Parker, vice-presi-
dent; Nathan P. Hunt, treasurer;
Frank E. Martin, Lewis M. Crockett,
William B. Burpee, secretaries; Na-
than P. Hunt, Walter M. Parker,
Frank P. Carpenter, Frank W. Sar-
geant, Arthur M. Heard, Finance
Committee.

HON. HENRY E. BURNHAM

Progressive Manchester

THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN MANCHESTER

In point of population and wealth
the county of Hillsborough is by far
the largest in the state, and the city
of Manchester makes up more than
one half of the county in these re-
spects. And yet this prominence has
been attained in comparatively recent
years. From the establishment of
the county, in 1771, for more than
fifty years Amherst was the county
seat and the important town, and
there the legal business was mainly
transacted. It was not until the
development of the immense water
power afforded by the Amoskeag Falls
was commenced in earnest, and the
great manufacturing industries, whose
products are now known throughout
the world, began to grow up in conse-
quence, that Manchester came to be
regarded as a promising field for the
lawj^er. For the last sixty years or
more, however, since the place became
a city, and has also shared with
Nashua the advantages of the county
seat, there has been no dearth of
lawyers within its limits, many of
whom have ranked among the ablest
and most successful in the State, and
not a few of whom have held promi-
nent positions in public life.

Among the most noted members of
the legal profession in Manchester
in the earlier days of its professional
history, along about the middle of
the last century, were George W.
Morrison and Daniel Clark — the
former a prominent Democrat and
the latter . a leading Republican.
They were rivals at the bar, with few

equals and no superiors in the State,
in point of ability. Mr. Morrison
served with distinction in the national
House of Representatives in the 31st
and 33d Congress, 1849-51 and
1853-55; while Mr. Clark was made
a United States senator in 1857,
continuing till 1866, when he re-
signed to accept the office of Judge
of the United States District Court
for New Hampshire, which he held
for many years. Contemporaneous
with these, and their peer in. legal
attainments, if not in forensic ability,
was Samuel D. Bell, who became an
associate justice of the Supreme
Court of the State in 1849, serving till
1859, when he was made chief justice
which position he held till 1864. His
son, Samuel N. Bell, was also a lawyer
of ability, and was a Democratic
congressman in 1871-2. Another bril-
liant Manchester lawyer, about this
time, was William C. Clarke, a native
of Atkinson, and a brother of Col.
John B. Clarke of the Manchester
Mirror, who was attorney general of
New Hampshire from 1863 till 1872,
when he died and was succeeded in
offi.ce by another Manchester lawyer,
equally brilliant — Lewis W. Clark,
who served four years, and was soon
after appointed an associate justice
of the Supreme Court, serving upon
that bench until 1898, the last few
months as chief justice. He had
been for some time associated in part-
nership with George W. Morrison,
before mentioned, the firm name
bemg' Morrison, Stanley & Clark.

Hon. Henry E. Burnham, prominent in the civic and professional life of city and State for
a generation past, and a memlser of the Senate of the United States from 1901 till 1913, was
born in Dunbarton, November S, 1844, graduated from Dartmouth College in 1865; studied
law and was admitted to the bar in April, 1868, and has since been in practice in the Queen
City, except during the time of his Congressional service. He has been active in politics, as
a Republican, as well as conspicuous in his professional practice, and has long enjoyed a high
reputation as a campaign speaker and occasional orator. He has served three terms in the
State legislature, as treasurer of HillsI)orough County and Judge of Probate, as a member
of the Constitutional Convention of 1889, and as a member of the ballot law commission
from 1892 to 1900. He has been prominent in Masonry and Odd Fellowship, and a Com-
mander of the Amoskeag Veterans. An extended biographical notice of Mr. Burnham ap-
peared in the Granite Monthly for December, 1915.

HON. ALBERT O. BROWN

Progressive Manchester

Hillsborough County Court House

Clinton W. Stanley, the other member
of the firm, was a lawyer of solid
attainments, and was appointed an
associate justice of the Circuit Court,
created by the legislature of 1874,
and when the Court was reorganized,
in 1876, became an associate justice
of the Supreme Court, continuing
until his death — December 1, 188*4.
Still another Manchester lawyer, who
held a position as associate justice on
the Supreme Court bench, for many
years — from February 1874, until
his retirement by limitation of age —
was Isaac W. Smith.

Among other lawyers of greater or
less eminence, now deceased, who
practiced in Manchester at one time
or another, were Herman Foster, at
one time president of the state senate,
Lucien B. Clough, sometime judge
of probate, Joseph B. Clark, William
Little (Historian of Warren and

Weare), Charles H. Bartlett, also presi-
dent of the Senate and for many years
clerk of the United States District
Court; Joseph W. Fellows, Elijah M.
Topliff, Denis F. O'Connor and John
P. Bartlett. Two other lawyers, of
brilliant attainments, for a time
located here, were Samuel H. and
Benjamin F. Ayer.

Especially notable on account of
his long experience at the bar — unprec-
edented in the State in point of fact-
was the career of David Cross, famil-
iarly known as Judge Cross, from
service as judge of probate, who was
in active practice here for nearly three
quarters of a century, having asso-
ciated familiarly with three genera-
tions of lawyers, and who, when he
died, in 1914, was the oldest living
graduate of Dartmouth College.

Another Manchester lawyer, still
living, who served twelve years, from

Hon. Albert O. Brown, long a leading Manchester lawyer — member of the notable firm
of Bumham, Brown, Warren & Jones — for the last five years chairman of the N. H. Tax Com-
mission, President of the Amoskeag Savings Bank of Manchester from 1905 till 1912, and
Treasurer of the same since that date, naturally holds a position in the front rank among the
business and professional men of the city and State. Born in Northwood, July 18, 1853,
son of Charles O. and Sarah E. (Langmaid) Brown, he was educated at Coe's Academy and
Dartmouth College, graduating from the latter in 1878. For a time after graduation he
engaged in teaching but finally took up the study of law, pursuing the same under the tutelage
of Judge Bumham, and at the Boston University Law School, graduating from the latter in
1884, and being admitted to the bar in that year and immediately entering upon the practice
of his profession in which it may safely be said he attained the highest rank. For a more de-
tailed sketch of Mr. Brown's career see the Granite Monthly for May, 1912.

The Granite Monthly

1901 to 1913, in the United States
Senate, is Henry E. Burnham, a
native of Dunbarton, who has spent
his entire professional life here. James
F. Briggs, who practiced for a time in
Hillsborough, also had an extended
career at the bar in Manchester. He
served many years in the state legis-
lature, and three terms in Congress,
which was as long as any New Hamp-
shire man, had ever served in that
capacity until the election of Cyrus
A. SuUoway, also a Manchester law-
yer of previous service in the legisla-
ture, who is now serving his tenth
term as member of Congress from the
First New Hampshire District.

Finally, it should be said that four
men, now holding positions of impor-
tance in connection with the adminis-
tration of justice, and still residing in
the city, were previously engaged in
the practice of law in Manchester, viz:
George H. Bingham, for some time
associate justice of the Supreme Court
of the state, now a United States Cir-
cuit Court judge; Robert J. Peaslee,
for several years associate justice of
the Superior Court, and later pro-
moted to the Supreme Bench, James
P. Tuttle, who succeeded E. G. East-
man of Exeter, as attorney general of
New Hampshire, a few years since,
and Oliver W. Branch, now an asso-
ciate justice of the Superior Court.

Following are personal sketches of
some of the lawyers of Manchester
now in active practice:

HON. OLIVER E. BRANCH

The men who filled the office of
United States Attorney for the Dis-
trict of New Hampshire, under the
two administrations of Grover Cleve-
land as President, both ranked among
the ablest members of the bar in the
State. John S. H. Frink of Green-
land, the first of these incumbents,
had no superior as a lawyer among
his contemporaries, and Oliver E.
Branch, who was named for the posi-
tion during Mr. Cleveland's second
term — following the incumbency of

James W. Remick of Littleton, was a
worthy successor of Mr. Frink.

Oliver Ernesto Branch was
born in Madison, 0., July 19, 1847,
son of William Witter and Lucy J.
(Bartram) Branch. His father was
the son of William Branch, a Revo-
lutionary soldier who entered the
service in 1776 and fought through
to the surrender at Yorktown, en-
during, with others, the sufferings of
the terrible winter at Valley Forge.
He was one of the guards at the trial
of Major Andre, and aided in re-
moving his body from the gallows
after execution. He was of the fourth
generation from John Branch who
settled in Scituate, Mass., in 1638,
having sailed from England with his
father, Peter, who died on the voyage.

This William Witter Branch, father
of Oliver E., was a native of Aurelius,
N. Y., who removed to Madison,
0., in early manhood. Having aban-
doned his early occupation as a car-
riage-maker, and taken up the study
of law, he entered the legal profession,
and in 1845 was made a Judge of the
Court of Common Pleas for Lake
County, and became one of the most
influential citizens of that section,
taking a strong interest in the material
development of the county, through
the extension of transportation fa-
cilities and otherwise. He secured
the charter for the Cleveland, Plains-
ville & Ashtabula Railroad, and made
the start from which originated the
present great Lake shore system.

Oliver E. attended the public
schools of his native town, Madison
Seminary, and Whitestown Seminary,
at Whitesborough, N. Y., and en-
tered Hamilton College in Septem-
ber, 1869, graduating in June, 1873.
Following graduation he was for two
years principal of Forestville Free
Academy and Union School, at
Forestville, N. Y. He entered the
Columbia College Law School in the
fall of 1875, graduating in May, 1877,
meanwhile serving as instructor in
Latin and History in the Brooklyn
Polytechnic and Collegiate Institute.

HON. OLIVER E. BRANCH

98 The Granite Monthly

He then engaged in practice in part- While a resident of Weare, Mr.

nership with his brother, John L., Branch served for nine years as

in New York, in whose office he had Moderator for that town; but since

also studied. Here he continued un- residing in Manchester has held no

til 1883, when he removed to the elective office his party being strongly

town of Weare, in this state, and en- in the minority. He is a member of

gaged in literary work. the Phi Beta Kappa, and the Delta

In 1887 he was chosen a repre- Upsilon of Hamilton College, and has

sentative in the legislature from long been prominent in the New

Weare, and took an active part in the England Association of Hamilton

proceedings of that remarkable ses- College Alumni. A Democrat, polit-

sion, particularly in the debate upon ically, he took an active part in cam-

the famous ''Hazen Bill," the contest paign work for many years, being

over which protracted the session heard effectively upon the stump in

to an unprecedented length. Re- this and other states. In 1892 he

elected for the session of 1889, his was president of the New Hampshire

ability found recognition in his nom- Democratic State Convention, and

ination by the Democratic members it was in recognition of his efficient

as their candidate for speaker, the service in that campaign, as well as

nomination carrying with it the his eminent legal qualifications, that

minority leadership on the floor, he received his appointment as Dis-

During both sessions he served as a trict Attorney at President Cleve-

member of the Judiciary Committee, land's hands.

upon whose work his judgment and Mr. Branch is a close student of

influence left no small impress. history as well as law. He is an

He entered actively into the prac- earnest and forceful speaker, and his
tice of his profession in Manchester, in addresses are not only the product
1889, where he has since continued, of thought, but they never fail to
removing there from Weare in 1894. stimulate thought in the minds of
He soon gained an extensive clientage, his hearers. They are distinguished
but has been mainly devoted to for their logical statement and lucid
corporation law, and has been, for English, and may well be regarded
the last quarter of a century, counsel as classical in their clearness and
for the Boston & Maine Railroad in strength. To him was assigned the
all important litigation, including the task, or rather accorded the dis-
protracted contest between the Boston tinguished honor, of delivering the
& Maine and the Concord & Montreal oration at the dedication, by the State
roads, prior to the consolidation of of New Hampshire, of the statue of
the two systems. He was leading Gen. Franklin Pierce, fourteenth
counsel for the Manchester & Law- President of the United States, No-
rence road in the suit brought to vember 25, 1914. Those who were
recover claims of the State amounting so favored as to hear that oration, or
to $650,000. It should be stated, also, who have read it as it appeared in
that he was engaged in the famous printed form, are aware that no mis-
case, brought before the Supreme take was made in the selection. It
Court by quo warranto proceedings, was, indeed, a forensic masterpiece,
instituted by Harry Bingham et als., evincing careful study, deep thought,
against S. S. Jewett, clerk of the clear analysis, and just judgment,
House of Representatives, for control clothed in the choicest diction, and
of the Legislature. He was appointed leaving an impression, no less credit-
U. S. District Attorney by President able to the orator than to his subject.
Cleveland, March 15, 1894, serving Mr. Branch was united in marriage,
four years with efficiency and distinc- October 17, 1878, at Weare, with
tion. Sarah M., daughter of John W. and

HON. OLIVER W. BRANCH

100

The Granite Monthly

Hannah (Dow) Chase, of that town,
who died Oct. 6, 1906, leaving four
children — -Oliver Winslow, Dorothy
Witter, Frederick William and Ran-
dolph Wellington.

FREDERICK W. BRANCH

Frederick W. Branch was born in
North Weare, N. H., September 18,
1886, the son of Oliver E. and Sarah
C (Chase) Branch. He attended the
Ash Street Grammar School and grad-
uated from the Manchester High

Frederick W. Branch

School. After graduating from high
school Mr. Branch entered Hamilton
College and, from there, Harvard,
where he graduated with the class of
1910 with the degree of A.B. After
two years at Harvard Law School he
was awarded the degree of LL.B.
He established himself as a lawyer in
Manchester, August 1, 1913. At
present Mr. Branch is junior member
of the firm of Branch and Branch.

Mr. Branch is a member of the
Delta Upsilon Fraternity, his college
^*frat." His political affiliations are
with the Democratic party. Mr.

Branch is one of the most popular
young men in Manchester, as evi-
denced by his membership in many
of the leading clubs of the city. He
holds membership in the Intervale
Country Club, the Calumet, the
Derryfield, and the Cygnet Boat
Club. He is also a member of the
Boston Harvard Club. His favorite
recreations are golf and tennis playing.

HON. OLIVER W. BRANCH

One of the younger members of the
New Hampshire bar, who achieved
distinction early in life, is Oliver
Winslow Branch, associate justice of
the New Hampshire Superior Court.
Judge Branch is the oldest son of
Oliver Ernesto and Sarah (Chase)
Branch. He was born in New York
City, October 4, 1879, and his early
education was received in the village
of North Weare. He entered Man-
chester high school at the age of
twelve years, graduating in 1896. In
1897 he graduated from Phillips
Academy, Andover, Mass., and from
Harvard College in 1901 with the
degree of A.B., cum laude. He
received the A.M. degree the follow-
ing year, and graduated from the
Harvard University Law School in
1904. He passed the bar examina-
tions that year and in September
1904 began practice with his father.

During the nine years while he
practiced in his father's office he had
a wide variety of experience which
took him into the United States
courts of Massachusetts and New
Hampshire and gave him opportu-
nities to try many cases before the
Supreme Court of this state. His
appointment in November 1913 by
Governor Samuel D. Felker to the
Superior Court bench, when he was
but thirty-four years of age, was a
most popular one with the members
of the New Hampshire bar, and his
work as a presiding justice has proven
the wisdom of the governor's selection.

Judge Branch married Isabel Dow
Hogle of Rochester, N. Y., November

Progressive Manchester

101

27, 1910, and they have two children,
Jane Montgomery, born April 11,
1913 and Oliver Winslow, Jr., born
August 2, 1914. He is a member of
the Franklin Street Congregational
Church and that he takes an active
interest in the social welfare of the
young men of his city is evidenced
by the fact that he is the President
of the Young Men's Christian Asso-
ciation. Judge Branch is. a believer
in "life in the open" and his favorite
pastimes are golf and gardening. He
is a member of the Intervale Country
Club and of the Cygnet Boat Club.

HON. CYRUS H. LITTLE

A fine lawyer, an accomplished
orator, and a distinguished public
servant, Cyrus H. Little ranks among
the best known members of the bar
in Manchester.

He is a native of the town of Sut-
ton, born August 14, 1859, the son of
Lieut. Hiram K. and Susan Harvey
(Woodward) Little. His father was
a gallant officer of the Eleventh N. H.
Volunteers, in the Civil War, who
died from wounds received at Peters-
burg, July 4, 1864. He is a descend-
ant in the ninth generation from that
George Little who settled in Newbury,
Mass., in 1640; and is a great grand-
son of Bond Little, who served with
distinction in the French and Indian
and the Revolutionary wars; while
on his mother's side, he is a descend-
ant of the noted Harvey family,
of which Congressman Jonathan and
Governor Matthew Harvey were
members.

Mr. Little was educated in the
public schools. New Hampton Lit-
erary Institution and Bates College,
gracluating A.B., from the latter, in
1884. After graduation he was for a
few years engaged in mercantile
pursuits; but, developing a taste for
public affairs and greater intellectual
activity, he determined to enter the
legal profession, and, to that end,
took up the study of law with the
late Hon. James F. Briggs and Hon.

Oliver E. Branch, and also pursued
a three years' course in the Boston
University Law School, graduating
LL.B. and winning high rank in his
class as a student. LTpon admission
to the bar he commenced practice
in Manchester, applying himself con-
scientiously to the work of his pro-
fession, and by industry, application
and devotion to the interests of his
clients, winning a large measure of
success.

A Republican, by birth and convic-
tion, his abilities soon commanded
recognition by his party. In 1896
he was elected to the State Legis-
lature from Ward Three, Manchester^
and during the following session
served efficiently upon the Judiciary
and Journal of the House Committees.
Reelected for the next term, he held
membership on the Judiciary, Na-
tional Affairs and Rules Committees,,
and took high rank in leadership and
debate on the floor; while during the
session of 1901, having been again
returned, he received the solid sup-
port of his party for the speakership,
and distinguished himself in that hon-
orable yet difficult position, for the
readiness and accuracy of his rulings,
and his unfailing fairness and court-
esy.

He was a delegate in the Consti-
tutional Convention of 1902, and
served efficiently, in committee, on
the floor, and in the chair, presiding
over the Committee of the Whole.

When the local option law was
enacted by the Legislature, in 1893,
and a board of license commissioners
was established under its provisions,
with plenary powers to insure en-
forcement, it was generally conceded
that the success of the law would
depend, almost wholly, upon the
character of the commission, and the
selection made by Governor Bachel-
der, of Mr. Little as chairman, with
Henry W. Keyes of Haverhill and
John Kivel of Dover as his associates,
gave the highest degree of satisfac-
tion. Public confidence in these men
was proven well placed by the course

102

The Granite Monthly

of the commission throughout; and
the ten years' service of Mr. Little
in the chairmanship greatly enhanced
his reputation as a high-minded and
conscientious public servant.

Since his retirement from the li-
cense board, through its abolition

board of corporators. He has served
as president of the Cheney Club,
an organization composed of the
graduates of Bates College residing
in New Hampshire. He is a grace-
ful and effective speaker, both on the
stump and on general occasions, and

HON. CYRUS H. LITTLE

in 1913, Mr. Little has been engaged
in the practice of his profession in
Manchester. He has always been
deeply interested in educational af-
fairs, and served four years as a
member of the school board while a
resident of Sutton. He has been a
trustee of the New Hampton Lit-
erary Institution since 1908, and
was for several years president of its

par-

his services on Memorial Day,
ticularly, are widely sought.

Mr. Little is a Congregationalist;
a Mason and Knight Templar; mem-
ber of the Sons of the American
Revolution ; Massachusetts Com-
mandery, Military Order of the Loyal
Legion; the New Hampshire Bar
Association and the New Hampshire
Historical Society.

Progressive Manchester

103

TAGGART, BURROUGHS, WY-
MAN & McLANE

Hon. David A. Taggart
To achieve real and true success,
in the practice of law, one must pos-
sess numberless attributes of char-
acter such as perseverance, sound
judgment, honesty, ability, fearless-
ness, tact and a high degree of democ-
racy; and even a casual acquaintance
would convince a close observer that
these high traits were included in the
make-up of David Arthur Taggart,
a senior member of the firm of Tag-
gart, Burroughs, Wyman & McLane.
Mr. Taggart has gained wide recog-
nition as a successful lawyer and he
has always served the best interests
of the Republican party with such
unswerving loyalty that he has made
for himself a high place in its ranks.

Mr. Taggart is a descendant of the
early Scotch-Irish settlers of Lon-
donderry, His grandfather was Hugh
Taggart of Hooksett and his father,
the late David Morrill Taggart of
Goffstown, well known at one time as
one of the most prominent horse
breeders in New England. Mr. Tag-
gart was born in Goffstown, on Jan-
uary 30, 1858. He attended the
schools of Goffstown and graduated
from Manchester High School with
the class of 1874, afterwards enter-
ing Harvard, from which university
he graduated with honors in 1878.
He studied law with the late Judge
David Cross, and, after being ad-
mitted to the bar, formed a part-
nership with him, which continued
until 1885.

In 1883 Mr. Taggart was elected
to the Legislature as a Republican
member from Goffstown, and served
with distinction as a member of the
committee on revision of laws, and
as chairman of the committee on
elections. In November, 1888, he
was elected a state senator from the
Amherst district, and although the
youngest member of that honorable
body was chosen as its president,
which position he filled with rare

dignity and honor. By virtue of this
office he later assumed the office of
governor during the illness of Gover-
nor Goodell, and in the fall of 1890
received the Republican nomination
for Congress in the first district.

Mr. Taggart was married on No-
vember 11, 1884, to Mary Elbra,
daughter of Dr. A. B. Story, and two
daughters were born to them.

Mr. Taggart has always been a
close student of affairs and his knowl-
edge of art and literature has been
broadened through the opportunity
to travel in many foreign lands.
He has achieved a fine reputation as
a forceful, yet graceful public speaker,
and his appearances as an orator or
political speaker have been uniformly
successful. The City of Manchester
and the State owe much to the un-
tiring loyalty and devotion of D.
Arthur Taggart.

Hon. Sherman E. Burroughs

Distinguished as a lawyer, active
in all branches of state progress and
well known as a prominent member
of the Republican party, Sherman E,
Burroughs of Manchester has already
achieved a distinguished career. As
a senior member of the law firm of
Taggart, Burroughs, Wyman & Mc-
Lane he is an active practitioner and
he takes a deep interest in the welfare
of the Queen City.

He was born in Dunbarton, on
February 6, 1870, the son of John H.
and Helen M. (Baker) Burroughs.
He attended the district schools of
Dunbarton and Bow, graduating with
honors from the Concord High School
in 1890. Eligible to enter West
Point, he waived his opportunity and
matriculated at Dartmouth, from
which institution he graduated in
1894, having won many honors during
the four years.

He immediately began the study of
law in the office of Sargent & Hollis
at Concord, going to Washington in
December of the same year as secre-
tary to his kinsman. Congressman

HON. D. ARTHUR TAGGART

HON. SHERMAN E. BURROUGHS

106

The Granite Monthly

Henry M. Baker. He continued the
study of law at the Capital, grad-
uating LL.B. from Columbia Uni-
versity and receiving the degree of
Master of Laws in 1897. He was
admitted to practice before the Dis-
trict of Columbia bar in 1896 and the
New Hampshire bar in 1897. In
August of the same j^ear he com-
menced the practice of law in Man-
chester, continuing by himself until
July 1, 1901, when he became a
partner of Hon. David A. Taggart,
Hon. James P. Tuttle and Mr. Louis
E. Wyman,

He has been very prominent in the
Republican Party, and has been
deeply interested in charity work in
this State as a member of the State
Board of Charities and Corrections.
He is a member of the Grace Episco-
pal Church and is active in city
Y. M. C. A. work. He belongs to the
Derryfield and Tippecanoe clubs and
is a Mason.

On April 21, 1898, he married
Helen S. Philips, a native of Alex-
andria County, Va., and they have
four sons.

the Lynn public schools, and grad-
uated from the Lynn Classical High
School in 1896. He graduated from
Harvard with the class of 1900, and
from the Harvard Law School in 1902.
He was admitted to the Massachu-
setts bar in February, 1902. After
spending the summer of 1902 in
Europe he began to practice in Boston,
but came to Manchester in December,
1902, to become associated with David
A. Taggart, James P. Tuttle and
Sherman E. Burroughs. After Mr.
Tuttle was appointed attorney-gen-
eral, the firm was continued as Tag-
gart, Burroughs & Wyman. A year
later, John R. McLane, son of Ex-
Governor McLane, was taken into the
firm, which has since been engaged in
general practice under the name of
Taggart, Burroughs, Wyman & Mc-
Lane. June 1, 1904, Mr. Wyman
married Alice S. Crosby, daughter of
Uberto C. Crosby, then president of
the New Hampshire Fire Insurance
Company. Eliot U. Wyman was
born March 26, 1905. Esther M.
Wyman was born December 19, 1907.

Mr. Wyman is a Republican in
politics, was elected representative
and served in the legislature of 1909.
In that session he was a member of
the judiciary committee, and took an
active interest in matters relating to
taxation and in other legislation.

He belongs to the Derryfield, Calu-
met and Intervale Country clubs.

John Roy McLane
John Roy McLane, a junior mem-
ber of the firm of Taggart, Burroughs,
Wyman and McLane was born in Mil-
ford, N. H., on January 7, 1886, the son
of John McLane, at one time governor
of New Hampshire, and Ellen (Tuck)
McLane.

His early education was received

in the public schools of Milford, and

in 1900 he entered St. Paul's School

Louis E. Wyman was born August at Concord, leaving there three years

2, 1878, in Lynn, Mass. His parents later to enter Dartmouth College from

were Louis A. and Edith E. (Mer- which institution he graduated in

riam) Wyman. He was educated in 1907. He studied two years at Ox-

Louis E. Wyman

Progressive Manchester

107

ford University, England, receiving
his degree there in 1909, after which
he returned to this country and
studied at the Harvard Law School,
graduating in 1912.

He immediately began the practice
of law in Manchester, being associa-
ted with the firm of which he is now
a member. Mr. McLane is a Pro-
gressive, and has been secretary of the

John R. McLane

Progressive state committee. He is
a Mason and a member of the Protes-
tant Episcopal Church.

On June 12, 1915, he married Elis-
abeth Bancroft, at Hebron, N. H., and
they have one son, John Roy McLane,
Jr. Although busily engaged in the
practice of law, Mr. McLane still
finds occasional opportunity to in-
dulge in his favorite recreation, tennis.

JONES, - WARREN, WILSON
MANNING

Hon. Edwin F. Jones

[ Few New Hampshire lawyers have
achieved greater distinction than Ed-
win Frank Jones, senior member of
one of the largest and busiest law firms
in New Hampshire — Jones, Warren,
Wilson & Manning — occupying an ex-
tensive suite of offices on the tenth

floor of the Amoskeag Building in
Manchester. For over three decades
Mr. Jones has been engaged in the
practice of his profession, and al-
though the pressure of business has
been great during all this period,
yet he has found opportunity to give
much of his knowledge and time to
affairs of the city and State. This
in itself indicates a man of unusual
intellectuality, for few gain the high-
est success in their chosen profession
without devoting their entire tirne
to it alone.

Edwin Frank Jones was born in
Manchester, N. H., April 19, 1859,
the son of Edwin R. and Mary A.
(Farnham) Jones. His early edu-
cation was received in the schools of
Manchester and at Dartmouth Col-
lege from which institution he grad-
uated in 1880 with high honors. He
studied law with Judge David Cross,
at Manchester, and on August 28,
1883, was admitted to practice before
the New Hampshire bar. He as-
sociated himself with the late Wil-
liam J. Copeland as a partner and
following the latter's death in 1886,
practiced alone for sixteen years.
Since 1902 he has been connected with
the firm of which he is now senior
partner. For a long period of time
Mr. Jones has numbered among his
clients the Amoskeag Manufacturing
Company and the Manchester Trac-
tion Light & Power Company, two of
the best known corporations in the
state. In 1908 Mr. Jones was pres-
ident of the New Hampshire Bar
Association.

The career of Mr. Jones in public
and political life has been fully as
brilliant as that of his professional
life. In 1881 he was assistant clerk
of the House of Representatives and
here he was so proficient as to be
elected clerk for the sessions of 1883
and 1885. In 1900 he was president
of the Republican State Convention
and in 1908 was a delegate-at-large
from this State to the Republican
National Convention at Chicago.
In 1902 he was a delegate to the con-

HON. EDWIN F. JONES

HON. GEORGE H. WARREN

The Granite Monthly

vention to revise the constitution of
the State serving on the Standing
Committee on Future Mode of
Amending the Constitution and other
Amendments and presiding in the
committee of the whole. In 1912
he was president of the Constitutional
Convention, having been chosen unan-
imously and without the least show
of opposition, which was a high
tribute to the ability, merit and fit-
ness of the man.

His native city has honored Mr.
Jones in more ways than one. But
a short time after his graduation
from Dartmouth he was elected a
member of the Manchester Board of
Education, and in January, 1887, he
was chosen city solicitor, to which
office he was repeatedly reelected
for a period of twelve years. For
years he has been a trustee of Pine
Grove Cemetery, for six years was
trustee of the public library and from
1887 to 1895 he was treasurer of Hills-
borough County. In 1915 he was
elected a trustee of the State Library.

On December 21, 1887, Mr. Jones
married Nora F. Kennard of Man-
chester, daughter of the late Hon.
Joseph F. Kennard. Their only
child, Rebecca, died on October 26,
1902.

Mr. Jones is a prominent Mason.
He is a member of Washington Lodge,
Mt. Horeb Chapter, Adoniram Coun-
cil and Trinity Commandery, K. T.,
of Manchester. In 1891 he was mas-
ter of his lodge, in 1896 was appointed
district deputy grand master of the
grand lodge and in 1910 became grand
master of the grand lodge. He is a
member of the Scottish Rite bodies
of the thirty-second degree, and of
the Shrine.

To one who reads the above the
strength of character of the man is at
once apparent. He is possessed of
all the attributes which go to make
up a successful lawyer and close stu-
dent of affairs. Courteous and kind,
he is yet resourceful and untiring,
knowing nothing of defeat, pressing
on always to higher and better things.

His opportunity for extensive travel
at home and abroad have given him
a keen insight into men and the world
of affairs, of which he has been quick
to take advantage in the pursuit of
his worthy career.

Hon. George H. Warren

George H. Warren is one of the
most substantial members of the
Manchester legal profession. He has
been successful as a practitioner
because of his inherent ability and
determination to achieve a full meas-
ure of success in everything which
he undertook. Well versed in all
branches of his profession and a hard,
yet fair fighter, he has gained the
respect of all who have come in con-
tact with him.

Mr. Warren was born in Shirley,
Mass., on October 15, 1860, the son
of N. L. and Mary B. Warren. His
early education was received in the,
district schools, and he prepared for
college at Lawrence Academy in
Groton, Mass. He was graduated
from Williams College in 1886 and
he has been engaged in the practice
of law in Manchester since he was
admitted to the bar in 1889.

Mr. Warren is at present one of the
senior members of the reliable firm
of Jones, Warren, Wilson & Manning,
which is an outgrowth of the firm of
Burnham, Brown and Warren, the
first law firm with which lie became
identified in 1890.

Prominent in Republican circles
of the State, Mr. Warren has held
several responsible positions, and is
at present president of the Board of
Trustees of Public Institutions, which
office he has held since July, 1915.
For six years he has been chairman
of the Board of Trustees of the State
Industrial School, and in 1912 he sat
in the Constitutional Convention,
of which another member of the firm,
Edwin C. Jones, was president.

Mr. Warren was married on No-
vember 19, 1891, to Mary H. Palmer
of Groton, Mass., and to them five

Progressive Manchester

111

children have been, born, Helen E.,
Louise, Mary B., Robert P., and
Elizabeth H. Mr. Warren attends
the Unitarian Church, and is a mem-
ber of the Derryfield and Country
clubs of Manchester.

Allan M. Wilson
Allan M. Wilson, of the firm of
Jones, Warren, Wilson & Manning,

Knight Templar, member of the
Shrine and Consistory. He belongs
to the Derryfield and Intervale Coun-
try clubs of Manchester, and the
Canadian Club of Boston, Mass.

In 1901 he was married to Kath-
erine F. Rowe of Yarmouth, N. S.,
and to them one child, Arthur R.,
was born in 1902. He is a member
of the First Baptist Church of Man-
chester, and his favorite recreation is
tennis.

Allan M. Wilson

has been prominently identified with
the Manchester legal profession since
he was admitted to the New Hamp-
shire bar in 1897.

Born at St. John, N. B., on Jan-
uary 27, 1873, he was educated at
St. John's High School, graduating
with the class of 1888. He was grad-
uated from Arcadia College, in 1893,
and began the study of law in the
office of Burnham, Brown & Warren,
in Manchester, shortly afterwards.

Mr. Wilson was a member of the
Constitutional Convention of 1912
and, for the past nine years, has been
a member of the Manchester School
committee. He is a Republican and
fraternally is well known as a Mason,

Robert L. Manning

Robert L. Manning, a member of
the firm of Jones, Warren, Wilson &
Manning, is well known in Manches-
ter and through the State as a suc-
cessful attorney, his work before the
supreme court having brought him
into considerable prominence.

He was born in Annapolis, Md.,
on January 20, 1872, the son of
Charles H. and Fanny B. Manning.
His early education was received in
Annapolis and at Baltimore, Md.,
but he is a graduate of Manchester
High School, afterwards being grad-
uated from Harvard College and
Harvard Law School. He com-
menced the practice of law at Man-

Robert L. Manning

Chester in 1898 and has been in that
city ever since.

112

The Granite Monthly

He has been ward clerk and mod-
•erator, and in 1907 was a member of
the New Hampshire House of Rep-
resentatives. Mr. Manning is a Pro-
gressive, and although not officially
connected with the party, his high
ideas and strong convictions have
been of sufficient worth to receive
■due consideration in the councils
of that party in this State.

Mr. Manning was married, Oc-
tober 23, 1900, to Frances May
Sawyer, of Manchester, and they have
•one daughter, Margaret. He is af-
filiated with several local clubs and
is a Congregationalist.

THORP & ABBOTT

L. AsHTON Thorp
L. Ashton Thorp was born in Man-
chester, December 7, 1876, the son of

bar in June 1902, and has met with
marked success in his chosen pro-
fession. His political affiliations are
with the Republican Party, of which
he is an influential member. He has
filled the positions of assistant clerk
of the State Senate 1901-3, clerk of
that body in 1905-07, assistant clerk
of the JS[ew Hampshire Constitutional
Convention of 1903, and has served
as secretary of the Republican State
Committee. He is a member of the
Derryfield Club, Manchester's repre-
sentative social organization. He
married, April 26, 1905, Justyne E.
Burgess. They have three children.

Lee C. Abbott
Lee C. Abbott was born in Rumney,
N. H., June 11, 1876, son of Joseph
and Sarah (Clark) Abbott. His edu-
cation was obtained in the Rumney

L. Ashton Thorp

Frank D. and Julia E. (Boutelle)
Thorp. He received his education in
the Manchester public schools and
attended the Boston University Law
School. He was admitted to the
practice of law at the New Hampshire

Lee C. Abbott

public schools, the High School of
Franklin, Mass., and the University
of Vermont. He read law in the
offices of Pattee & George and Cross
& Loveren in Manchester, and was
admitted to the New Hampshire bar

Progressive Manchester

113

in June, 1905. He is a member of
the law firm of Thorp & Abbott,
Amoskeag Bank Building, and is an
honored member of his profession.
In politics Mr. Abbott is a Democrat
and has received recognition from his
party, at one time being its candidate
for state senator in one of the Man-
chester districts, running well ahead
of his ticket. He has been trustee of
the New Hampshire State Library,
has served as Noble Grand of Ridgely
Lodge of Odd Fellows and is a mem-
ber of the college fraternity. Alpha
Tau Omega. In 1906 he married
Jennie D. Hutchinson of Franklin,
Mass. They have five children. Mr.
Abbott is a member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church and president of the
Conference Laymen's Association of
that denomination.

major. He is affiliated with the
Knights of Columbus and is a mem-
ber of the New Hampshire and Amer-

Thomas H. Madigan, Jr.

One of the best known of the
younger members of the Manchester
legal profession is Thomas Henry
Madigan, Jr., who was born in West-
field, Mass., on June 29, 1872, the
son of Thomas H. and Johanna
(Bahen) Madigan. His early educa-
tion was received at Mechanicsville
(New York) Academy, the Troy
(New York) Business College and
under private tutors. He studied
law and was admitted to practice
before the New Hampshire bar in
1899. From the time he was ad-
mitted until 1907 Major Madigan
practiced in Concord, afterwards
moving to Manchester where he has
since been located.

He has achieved considerable dis-
tinction in politics, being Secretarj^
of the Democratic State Committee
from 1900 to 1904, and chairman of
the same. He is the present chairman
of the Democratic City Committee of
Manchester.

Major Madigan was secretary of the
Constitutional Convention of 1902,
and from 1899 to 1907 was judge
advocate of the New Hampshire
National Guard with the rank of

Thomas H. Madigan, Jr.

ican Bar associations. In religion he
is a Roman Catholic.

Charles D. Barnard
Charles Daniel Barnard is a Man-
chester attorney who has forced recog-
nition for himself through hard work
and perseverance. As a young man
he learned the grocery and whole-
sale paper business, beginning the
study of law in 1902, and, later,
taking a course in the law depart-
ment of George Washington Uni-
versity, Washington, D. C. He has
been so successful in his profession
that he now is solicitor of the Queen
City and has a large private prac-
tice as well.

Born in Bedford, February 15,
1873, the son of Henry T. and H.
Louise (Hunter) Barnard, he lived
as a youth in Merrimack, and com-
pleted his education at the McGaw
Normal Institute. In 1905 he was
admitted to the New Hampshire

114

The Granite Monthly

bar and began the practice of law as
an associate of Congressman Cyrus
A. Sulloway and Moodybell S. Ben-

Charles D. Barnard

nett. As a representative of the
fourth ward of Manchester, in the
legislature of 1909, he served on
the important judiciary committee.
In 1910 he was associated with Sen-
ator Henry E. Burnham in Washing-
ton, D. C, as a secretary. In 1913
he returned to Manchester to take
up the practice of his profession, and
in the same year was elected city
solicitor which position he now holds.
Mr. Barnard is a Mason, Knight
Templar and member of Bektash
Temple. He is an Odd Fellow,
attends the Congregational Church
and is a member of the Derryfield
and Calumet clubs. In 1904 he
married Miss Mabelle M. Wright of
Manchester, and they have one son,
Charles Henry.

at 616 Amoskeag Bank Building in
April, 1915. Since that time he has-
had considerable general practice and
has been particularly successful in
Probate work, of which he has ac-
cumulated a large amount.

Mr. Nevins was born in London-
derry, N. H., March 1, 1890, the son
of William P. and Julia D. S. Nevins.
His early education was received in
the district schools of his native town^
and he prepared for college at Pink-
erton Academy in Derry. Mr. Nev-
ins early interested himself in agri-
culture, and wishing to know more
about the theoretical side of farming
he took an agricultural course at
New Hampshire College, afterwards
studying law at Boston University
Law School, from which he was
graduated in 1913. He was admitted
to practice in 1914 and for some time
studied with the prominent firm of
Jones, Warren, Wilson & Manning^
later opening his own office.

He is deeply interested in scientific

William S. Nevins

William S. Nevins
One of the younger members of the farming, and, as an avocation, con-
Manchester legal profession is Wil- ducts the family farm at London-
liam S. Nevins, who opened his office derry in a most successful manner.

Progressive Manchester

115

He also is actively interested in
politics, as a Republican, and at
present is chairman of the Republican
committee of his native town. Fra-
ternally, Mr. Nevins is a Mason,
Knight Templar and Shriner, as
well as a prominent member of the
Grange. He is a member of the Pres-
byterian Church.

Carroll S. King

Not connected with any corpora-
tion, yet conducting one of the ex-
tensive law practices of Manchester,
Carroll S. King may be characterized
as a typical "plugger, " and one who
succeeds by this method.

He was born in Marlboro, Vt.,
August 31, 1880, the son of Walter E.
and Kate N. King. In Marlboro he
received his early education. He grad-
uated from the Brattleboro Academy,
Brattleboro, Vt., and studied law at
Brown University. In 1909 he en-
tered business as a lawyer in Manches-
ter, where he at present enjoys a large

Carroll S. King

general practice. Mr. King's politi-
cal affiliations are with the Republican
Party. He is a member of Wildley
Lodge No. 45, I. O. O. F. of Manches-
ter.

Although his law business keeps
him very busy Mr. King finds time

to participate in the development of
Manchester as a municipality, in
which he is keenly interested. He
is an enthusiastic motorist and some-
what of a baseball "fan."

Robert Laing
One of Manchester's leading young
attorneys is Robert C. Laing. Mr.

Robert Laing

Laing was born in Manchester, Feb-
ruary 24, 1891, the son of Elmer R.
and Charlotte E. Laing.

He attended the Manchester public
schools and is a graduate of Manches-
ter High School. He studied law at
the Boston University Law School and
in 1913 took up the practice of law in
his native city where he is associated
with former Senator H. E. Burnham.

His political affiliations are with the
Repul^lican Party, of which he is one
of the more prominent of the younger
members. He was a member of the
House of Representatives in 1913 and
at present is clerk of the Municipal
Court of Manchester.

Mr. I aing is a member of the Lafay-
ette Lodge of Masons, Chapter, Coun-

116 The Granite Monthly

cil and Commandery at Manchester married Mazelle L. Clarke of Fall

and is also a member of the Calumet River, Massachusetts. He is a regu-

Club. lar attendant of the Universalist

On October 25, 1915, Mr. Laing Church.

MANUFACTURING IN MANCHESTER

The Manchester of America owes The initial attempt to harness the

its very existence to a manufacturing mighty power of the Amoskeag Falls

corporation; in fact the Queen City to machinery was made somewhere

of the Granite State is the offspring about 1760, when Capt. John Stark

of the Amoskeag Manufacturing Com- built and operated a sawmill at the

pany and in the same manner that a Falls on the west side of the river,

parent nourishes and cares for its It was while working in his mill that

firstborn so was the city of Manches- John Stark heard the news of the

ter nourished and succored during battle of Lexington and hastened to

its early age by the corporation take up the important place which

parent, and today that corporation, he held in the victory of the Colonies

which has kept pace in growth ancl over the English troops. During the

•development with its offspring, ex- Revolutionary war, this first mill

ercises a vast amount of influence on decayed, from want of use and repair,

the municipality which has become but after the cessation of hostilities,

the metropolis of the Granite State. a new mill was built on the same site

The child need not be ashamed of by General Stark and Hon. Samuel

its parent and by the same token may Blodgett, later becoming the property

the parent look with pride upon the of Mr. Blodgett alone,

child which it has reared. Today The real pioneer in the develop-

the Amoskeag corporation is pointed ment of the water power at the Amos-

to as an ideal manufacturing company keag Falls and the man to whom be-

which looks after its thousands of longs a great deal of the credit for

employes in a manner best calculated the Manchester of today is Judge

to promote the material and social Samuel Blodgett. This enterprising

welfare of each individual, and at the man, after engaging in the manu-

same time attends to a business the facture of duck and sail cloth in

magnitude of which exceeds even the Massachusetts, came to Manchester

wildest dreams of the company's in 1793, and at once began work upon

early promoters. The manufacture the construction of a canal around

of cotton cloth has always been the the quarter mile of rapids with their

leading industry of the Queen City; descent of fifty feet, for the purpose

today the manufacture of shoes is of making the Merrimack River

running a close second. navigable from Lake Winnepesaukee

As would naturally be expected to Lowell. A Massachusetts com-
there is neither extensive variety or pany was already engaged in building
large number of manufacturing con- the Middlesex Canal from Lowell
cerns in Manchester, but it may be to Boston. In the face of almost
truthfully said that the few companies every conceivable obstacle, not only
which are engaged in the various from natural condition but from the
lines of manufacturing business are opposition of the very large number
of the highest possible grade, no of men who considered him a de-
matter from what angle they are mented old man. Judge Blodgett
viewed, so whatever the city may persevered in his purpose, spending
lack in quantity it makes up for in all of his own fortune in the venture
quality. and on May 1, 1807, just fourteen

, Progressive Manchester

117

years from the day he began that
great work, he rode in triumph through
his own canal.

Although this canal made the Mer-
rimack River the highway of traffic
in northern New England for thirty-
five years, or until the railroad came
to run parallel with the waterway,
the principal industry of which it was
to ruin. Judge Blodgett did not limit
his comprehension of the possibilities
of the Merrimack River to naviga-
tion. Quite to the contrary, he had
a clear conception of the immense
hydraulic power vested in the tur-
bulent waters of the Amoskeag Falls.
It was ever his boast that "as the

mill in New Hampshire located in
New Ipswich on the Souhegan River,
and believing that he could find ample
waterpower at Amoskeag, he ac-
cordingly bought a privilege and built
a small mill, which he fitted with
machinery for the spinning of cotton.
But the machinery was old and un-
satisfactory and the business lagged
for a few years.

In 1809, Messrs. Ephraim, Robert
and David Stevens became associated
with Mr. Pri chard and assisted in the
work of making a new dam. Others
becoming interested in this enterprise,
a company was formed in January,
1810, under the name of "Proprietors

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Central Plant, W. H. McElwain Shoe Company

country increases in population we
must have manufactories, and here,
at my canal, will be a manufacturing
town that shall be the Manchester
of America." Death claimed the
venerable pioneer only a few months
after the successful completion of his
canal, but his spirit of prophecy in-
spired the people to the effect that a
petition was presented to the legis-
lature of this State which was granted
on June 13, 1810, making the name
of the town Manchester.

The project of manufacturing cot-
ton on the Merrimack was started
in 1804 at Amoskeag Falls by one
Benjamin Prichard. Mr. Prichard
had had an interest in the first cotton

of the Amoskeag Cotton and Wool
Manufactory." This company en-
larged the original mill somewhat and
began the spinning of cotton yarns.
In order to raise more capital, the
company petitioned the state legis-
lature for an act of incorporation
which was granted under the name of
the Amoskeag Cotton and Wool
Manufacturing Company in June,
1810.

The close of the war of 1812
brought such an influx of foreign goods
that the Amoskeag Company was
nearly prostrated, and it was decided
to sell out if a purchaser could be
found. In October, 1822, the prop-
erty was purchased by Mr. Olney

118

The Granite Monthly

Robinson of Providence, R. I., whose
enthusiasm proved greater than his
judgment, with the result that, in
January, 1825, Messrs. Pitcher, Gay
and Slater, men of experience in the
mill business, became the owners of
this infant industry. These gentle-
men, in December, 1825, sold a large
interest in the property to Messrs.
Oliver Dean, Lyman Tiffany, and
Willard Sayles, and this new firm
took the title of the Amoskeag Man-
ufacturing Company.

From the formation of this com-
pany, under the name which has since
become famous, the story of manufac-
turing at Amoskeag Falls was one of
progress and prosperity. The com-
pany was incorporated on July 1, 1831,
with a capital of one million dollars.
This company planned to furnish sites
for mills to other companies which
might be anxious to locate here, also
power for these mills, to erect mills
and run them on their own account,
and at the same time develop a manu-
facturing town.

One of the early acts of this cor-
poration had been to purchase a large
tract of over 700 acres of land on the
west side of the river and expert
engineers, having ascertained that
the east bank of the river was the
better site for canals and mills, all the
lands on the east side of the river
that they could ever require were
purchased in 1834. Early in 1838
the site of a town was laid out, con-
sisting of a main street, running north
and south, parallel with the river,
called Ehn Street, with other
streets running parallel and at right
angles to Elm Street. Certain sec-
tions were reserved for public parks,
cemeteries, churchs, schools and pub-
lic buildings. The first public land
sale was held by the Amoskeag Man-
ufacturing Company, October 24,
1838, and 147 lots were sold. As if
in fulfillment of the old prophecy of
Judge Blodgett, building at once
began in earnest and has continued
from that day to this with almost un-
precedented rapidity.

In 1838 a new company for the
manufacture of cotton bags and duck
was incorporated under the name of
the Stark Mills and with a capital of
$500,000.00. The greater part of
the members of this new company
were men who had held interests in the
older company. In 1839, another
new company was incorporated as the
Manchester Mills. Later this name
was changed to the Merrimac Mills,
and still later to the Manchester
Print Works and has since been
absorbed by the Amoskeag Company,

One branch of the Amoskeag
Company's activities was the Machine
Shop built in 1840 to make the ma-
chinery used in their own mills, and
for sale to other mills. This shop
was followed by a foundry in 1842, and
a new larger machine shop and new
foundry in 1848. For several years
the manufacture of locomotives was
very successfully carried on at these
shops, but has since been discontinued.
To provide room for small manu-
facturers the Amoskeag Company
built a block near the upper end of the
lower canal called the "Mechanic's
Building" or "Mechanic's Row"
wherein were located a varied assort-
ment of smaller manufacturing plants.

A company that at one time was
quite prominent in Manchester was
the Manchester Locomotive Com-
pany. Incorporated in 18')4, this
company was later absorbed by the
American Locomotive Company and
has now been discontinued in this
city. Other important enterprises at
the middle of the nineteenth century
were: Blodgett Edge Tool Company,
Amoskeag Paper Mill, Manchester
Iron Company, Manchester Machine
Company, the Fulton Works for the
manufacture of doors, sashes and
blinds, Manchester Steam Mill, The
Brass Foundry, Piscataqua Steam
Mill, Piscataqua Mills for flour man-
ufacture and the Manchester Gas
Light Company.

Today, the important manufac-
turing concerns, other than the Amos-
keag Company and Stark Mills in

Progressive Manchester

119

Manchester, include: F. M. Hoyt
Company, makers of the Beacon shoes,
which estabhshed here in 1892; the
Elhott Manufacturing Company,
makers of underwear, estabhshed in
1892; Crafts Shoe Factory, estab-
hshed in 1891; the S. A. Felton &
Sons Company, which began busi-
ness here in the early 80's, making

power brushes; the Manchester Trac-
tion Light and Power Company,
incorporated in 1881 ; the W. F. McEl-
wain Company which located here in
1910, the Jones Shoe Co. and R. G.
Sullivan's cigar factory, home cf the
famous 7-20-4. Sketches of several of
the more prominent manufacturing
concerns appear in the following pages.

AMOSKEAG MANUFACTURING COMPANY

Manchester and the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company are almost
synonymous in their histories, in
their prosperity, and in their meaning
to the world in general. The city of
Manchester has practically grown
up around this mammoth textile
industry, the growth and progress
of which has been the backbone of the
growth and progress of the city it-
■self; and in any part of the civilized
and industrial world, the fame of
Manchester, New Hampshire, is pri-
marily as the home of the largest
textile plants in the world.

The Amoskeag Manufacturing
Company is not only the largest
■concern of its kind in the world,
but it is singular for the reason that
its entire plant and management are
in the one city. All other enter-
prises, which can be compared in
size to the Amoskeag, are located in
several cities. If every industrj^ and
individual, except the Amoskeag Man-
ufacturing Company, were taken en-
tirely away from Manchester, there
would still be an industrial city of
thirty thousand people and a city
■x)f the greatest importance to the
manufacturing world. This com-
parison in no way belittles the scores
of other important manufacturing
concerns which go to make up the
Manchester of today, but rather
serves to emphasize the magnitude
of this principal industry.

Some idea of the extent of this
company's business may be gathered
from consideration of the fact that
it provides daity employment to over

15,000 operatives; that its 670,000
spindles consume more than 70,000,-
000 pounds of raw cotton and wool in
a year; and its 24,000 looms make
nearly 150,000 miles of cloth every
year. To generate the power which
runs the machinery used in making
this amount of cloth is required in a
year 131,000 tons of coal, and to
properly lubricate the machines re-
quires 75,000 gallons of oil. Add to
these facts, remarkable as they are,
the truly astounding fact that the
annual pay-roll reaches the stupendous
sum of $8,500,000, and Manchester's
dependence on the Amoskeag is
forcefully comprehended.

The wonderful natural advantages
of the location of the mills of the
Amoskeag Manufacturing Company,
without doubt have been the largest
contributing factor in the success of
this gigantic enterprise. Its mills
and works stretch along the east
bank of the Merrimack River for one
and one-half miles or more and bridges
built by the company communicate
with factories built on the west side
of the river making an extent of
scarcely less than four miles of brick
buildings in tiers of two and three.

The Amoskeag Manufacturing
Company was incorporated in 1831.
The first two mills were built by the
company for its own occupancv in
1840 and 1841. A third mill was
erected in 1844 and a fourth in 1847.
The fifth and sixth mills, with aux-
iliary buildings followed within the
space of a few years; a seventh, a
gingham mill, in 1869, the eighth,

120

The Granite Monthly

View of the Mammoth Plant of the Amoskeag Manufact

also a gingham mill, in 1874 and the
ninth in 1880. In 1886 the company
added another mill to its already large
plant on the east bank of the river,
this building considerably larger than
any of the previous ones, being 492
feet long by 100 feet wide and five
stories high. This new factory is
known as the Jefferson Mill, or Mill
No. 10. Just below this Jefferson
Mill is the bag mill, where the work
is carding, spinning and weaving for
cotton bags. In the upper yard,
opposite the Jefferson Mill, are No.
1 and No. 2 Langdon Mills, for spin-
ning and weaving. South of Dean
Street in the upper yard is the big
Amory Mill, 519 feet long, and 94
feet wide, with an extension 103 feet
long and 101 feet wide, the entire
structure five stories high.

The company's Mill No. 11 was
built in 1889, on the west side of the
river, south of Bridge Street, a build-
ing 533 feet long and 103 feet wide.
In 1899 an addition 366 feet long was
built, making the entire mill 900
feet long, 103 feet wide, six stories
high at the south end, four stories
high at the north end. In this mill
are weaving and dressing and cloth
room departments. On the west
side of the river, near the junction of
Bridge and McGregor Streets, is
the Coolidge Mill, built in 1909. It
consists of the main mill four stories
high, 704 feet long and 103 feet wide,

with two wings on the east side, both
204 feet long and 103 feet wide.
Carding, spinning and weaving are
done in this factory. A passageway
over Bridge Street connects this
building with Mill No. 11.

While the Coolidge Mill was under
construction, a new power plant,
comprising a turbine engine station
and a boiler house, was in process of
erection on the east bank of the river
north of Jefferson Mill. At present
there are two 5,000 and one 7,500
horse-power engines in the engine
house, and 64 boilers, each rated at
150 horse-power.

At the foot of Stark Street, a bridge
spanning the Canal, is the entrance
to the building containing the count-
ing room and offices of the company.
On the lower floor of this building are
rooms for the civil engineers and
chemists, the second floor has the
counting room and general offices and
a hall where stockholders' meetings
are held. The upper floor is used for
the purchasing department and arch-
itects. Beside these main mills and
buildings there are many minor aux-
iliary buildings, each filling its place
in the manifold needs of a great
manufacturing industry.

The southern division of the Amos-
keag Manufacturing Company's im-
mense plant includes what was the
Manchester Mills, Manchester Old
Print Works and the New Print

Progressive Manchester

121

uring Company From the West Bank of the Merrimack

Works, and comprises eight factories
with auxihary buildings.

Mill No. 11 and the CooHdge Mill
present the latest type of factory
with all modern ideas and improved
surroundings. They are indeed
splendid buildings, the latter named
in honor of the company's one time
president and famous head, the Hon.
T. Jefferson Coolidge. A tablet,
placed on the wall near the entrance
of the Coolidge Mills, bears testi-
mony to his memory.

The aggregate extent of land cov-
ered by this large number of fac-
tories, shops, mills and auxiliary
buildings, nearly all built of brick
with fire-resisting roofs, is an area
equal to forty-five acres. The floor
space represented by these buildings
is over 165 acres, while the yards in
which the mills are located have an
area of over 179 acres.

A comparison of the paj^-roll of
the company for various years gives
one of the most comprehensive ideas
of the remarkable growth of this
company. In 1831 the year the
company was incorporated, the total
wage was $36,298. In twenty years,
or in 1850, it had become $487,005.
In another twenty years, or in 1870,
the annual pay-roll represented
$1,107,428. In 1900 a total of $2,772,-
811 was paid in wages to Amoskeag
workers, which increased to $6,176,-
353 in 1910 and still further increased

to approximately $8,500,000 for 1915.
When one considers the varied
occupation and the vast number of
workers employed in the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company, the num-
ber of accidents which have occurred
is very small. No great catastrophe
has ever happened such as have
been the misfortune of other large
manufacturing concerns, no disas-
trous fires have ever started in the
mills or store-houses and the loss
of life attendant upon the working
of this enormous manufactory has
been wonderfully small, all of which
reflects the greatest of credit on the
entire management of the under-
taking.

The Amoskeag Corporation was one
of the first of the large corporations
of this country to discern the ad-
vantages to itself of a liberal policy
to its employes. It early recognized
the fact that the success and sta-
bility of its business depended to a
large extent upon the cooperation
and contentedness of its largest force
of workers, the operatives. With
this end in view, it has interested
itself in the welfare of its workers
until Manchester and the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company is the de-
sired goal of all the better class of
mill workers of this country, and there
is not a manufacturing city in the
whole United States which can boast
of such an industrious, prosperous

122 The Granite Monthly

and decorous operative population able corporation has established for

as is here. To this is due the ex- the welfare of its employes is the

ceedingly small number of labor hospital department, equipped to

troubles which have arisen here, all take care of all minor accidents, and

differences always having been ad- having a competent surgeon and a

justed amicably. trained nurse always in attendance.

To provide homes for its vast Further than this, two trained nurses

number of workers, the company, in are engaged to care for the sick in

the early day of its incorporation, the families of employes without

acquired large tracts of land in Man- any expense to them. Free dental

Chester and on them erected tene- service is provided employes' children

ments for its people which are rented under the age of sixteen years, and the

at very reasonable rates. These ten- maintenance of over one hundred first

ements, which occupy an extent of aid stations throughout the immense

land aggregating not less than forty manufacturing plant assures proper

acres, are sanitary, well ventilated attention to every injury, however

houses with modern improvements slight.

and are so designed as to offer almost In 1911, one of the most notable

as much privacy as cottage homes. and far-reaching efforts of the com-

A strong indication of the Amos- pany in behalf of its workers resulted
keag Manufacturing Company's de- in the formation of the Textile Club,
sire to permanently cement the This club was successful from its in-
interests of its employes to the com- ception and became so popular that
pany, is the offering to hold for any in June, 1912, when it had a member-
person in its employ, from one to ship of over four hundred, it was in-
twenty shares of preferred stock, to corporated, in order that it might
be taken up in semi-monthly pay- depend entirely on its own efforts
ments from their wages or by cash and strength. In December, 1912,
payments as the purchaser may the control of Varick Park was secured
prefer. Other manufacturing com- by the club for athletic use and the
panics in America are following this park was renamed "Textile Field."
plan. In the spring of 1913, elaborate

In the early days of the company's alterations and improvements were

activity, the hours of work were made in the grounds; a large grand-

fourteen out of the twenty-four hours stand of steel and brick and two new

of each day, and during the winter it bleachers were built, making one of

was necessary to work by artificial the best athletic parks in New Eng-

light for more than one third of the land and one unique in its ownership

working day. In spite of the long and management. An enthusiastic

hours of labor, the wages were exceed- crowd of fourteen thousand people

ingly meagre as compared with pres- witnessed the dedication of this field

•ent day standards, but living was on September 8, 1913.

simpler and less costly in those days. One of the principal objects for the

so that the wage scale could compare establishment of the Textile Club was

favorably with the cost of living, the promotion of efficiency through

However, the hours of labor have education, hence that branch of the

been gradually shortened until the club known as the Textile School,

present schedule of fifty-five hours a which is an offer from the Amoskeag

week was adopted in January, 1914, Manufacturing Company to assist

and wages have been proportionally any young man in its employ who so

increased so that now the highest desires, to obtain a technical educa-

wages for the class of work are paid tion. A suitable building and in-

by the Amoskeag Company. structors are provided for all who

A feature which this most credit- wish to take courses in textile work,

Progressive Manchester

123

mechanical drawing, mill accounting,
shorthand or typewriting, and for
those who elect a textile course, there
is at hand an equipment of machinery
and competent engineers to combine
the theoretical knowledge with the
practical. Ther large number who
have taken advantage of this free
education and chance for betterment,
proves to the company the wisdom of
its adoption. A very effective organ-
ization of Boy Scouts is another
branch of the work of the Textile
Club.

In 1910, the women clerks of the
Amoskeag Company formed an as-
sociation which was reorganized in
1913 and called the Amoskeag
Woman's Textile Club. This club
now has a membership of nearly
five hundred.

A department of this corporation,
which varies greatly from the pro-
cedure of the majority of large corpo-
rations, is the employment office.
Here all workers, in all the different
branches of the factories, are engaged,
and all information and assistance
provided families seeking homes and
means of livelihood.

The Amoskeag Company has al-
ways been the hearty cooperator of
the State in seeking to exclude child
labor from mills; and with their fur-
ther welfare in mind, has established
a splendid playground and gardens
for children whose elders are in the
employ of the company. A tract
of land measuring several acres is
divided into garden plots, which are
planted and tended by the children
under the guidance of an expert
gardener; and, as a stimulus to this
most desirable out-of-door activity,
prizes are offered for the best products
from these gardens. It is interesting
to note that an average of less than
30 persons under sixteen years of age
are numbered among the 15,000 opera-
tives.

The children's playground prob-
ably has attracted more attention
and called forth more well-deserved
■commendation than any other one

thing this excellent corporation has
done for its employes, situated as it is
in full view of ever}^ railroad train
going or coming north of Manchester.
A plot of land one hundred feet wide
and nearly five hundred feet long,
enclosed by an iron fence as orna-
mental as it is practical, contains a
full ecjuipment of modern gymnastic
apparatus, swings, chutes, see-saws
and other devices for safe enjoyment.
There is a running track, a baseball
diamond and a football field. For
the tiny children, there is a shelter
house, with baby swings and a wading
pool. Free band concerts given here
during the summer months prove
another source of attraction to this
justly popular place. A part of the
field is flooded in winter to afford
excellent skating in perfect safety. A
competent caretaker is always in
charge of the grounds.

One of the most important plans
in the policy of the Amoskeag Manu-
facturing Company, from which not
only the company and its employes
but all Manchester has reaped the
benefits, is the selling of small lots
of land at moderate cost to people of
small means, and the assistance of
the company in obtaining loans from
local banks to such purchasers of
land for the purpose of building
modest homes on these lots. All
classes of workers have bought com-
pany land, have borrowed money,
have built homes, and today are
property owners and taxpayers be-
cause they were safeguarded in their
ventures by the interest the great
manufacturing company had in their
welfare. This one plan has been
the greatest factor for stability in the
population of the city by making these
people part and parcel of the city
itself.

The latest feature of this land
policy and one only a few years old,
is the plan of giving to employes who
have worked for the Amoskeag Com-
pany a specified number of years, a
lot of land absolutely free upon which
to erect a dwelling house. Build-

124

The Granite Monthly

ing on these free lots which are
located in West Manchester, is re-
stricted to family houses, and spec-
ulation made impossible. Bank loans
are arranged with the support of the
company, and payments are made on
a basis no more burdensome than
paying rent. Already a considerable
number of the eligible employes have
taken up this offer and have built or
are building their homes. This
home-building policy of the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company is proof
conclusive of the common interests
on the city and the corporation in this
great industry, the largest cloth-
making company in the world and
one of the largest manufacturing
concerns of any nature in the world.

The officials of the company at
present residing in Manchester are
as follows:

Herman F. Straw, agent.

William Parker Straw, superintendent.

Perry H. Dow, superintendent of land and
water power.

John W. Rowley, paymaster.

William K. Robbins, superintendent of
dyeing.

John C. Marshall, superintendent of
worsted manufacture.

Howard I. Russell,superintendent of carding.

Winthrop Parker, superintendent of spin-
ning.

Forrester E. Jewett, superintendent of
dressing.

C. Maurice Baker, superintendent of
weaving.

Ralph S. Nelson, superintendent of cloth
finishing.

Alfred K. Hobbs, claim agent.

Alphonso H. Sanborn, chief draughtsman.

Frank L. Clarke, chief electrical engineer.

Herman E. Thompson, superintendent of
mechanical department.

Walter G. Diman, superintendent of steam
power department.

Arthur O. Roberts, assistant superintendent
of worsted manufacture.

Albert Merrill, assistant electrical engineer.

Miles R. Moffat, assistant superintendent
of dyeing.

Fred M. Caswell, in charge of accounting
office.

William C. Swallow, in charge of employ-
ment department.

Henry W. Allen, civil engineer.

Fred Johnson, purchasing agent.

John M. Kendall, assistant superintendent
of power department.

Clinton I. Dow, assistant superintendent
of land and water power.

Israel E. Boucher, in charge of local sales
department.

THE F. M. HOYT COMPANY

Manchester is justly proud of her
manufacturers, those concerns whose
enterprise and sagacity help to make
Manchester a city of progress and
prosperity, and whose campaigns of
advertising bring not only their own
manufactured goods, but Manchester
as a city, before the eyes of the world.
Not one of the least of concerns of
this order is the F. M. Hoyt Company,
makers of the Beacon Shoes.

The story of the evolution of the
Hoyt Company is the familiar story
of the vigorous, industrious and
ambitious young American who makes
the most humble beginning, but by
striving always towards one ideal,
achieves the desired success. The
founder of this firm, Mr. F. M. Hoyt,
began making shoes in 1880, in a
small factory in Haverhill, Mass.
But the shoes he made found ready

sale because of their sound materials
and thorough workmanship, so that
in 1884 Mr. Hoyt built a factory in
Raymond, New Hampshire, with a
capacity of 1,200 pairs of shoes a
day. Here his business continued
to prosper, but fire destroying the
Raymond property in 1892, it was
then that Mr. Hoyt decided to come
to the flourishing city of Manchester.
A local land company built the first
factory building for the Hoyt Com-
pany, which now incorporated with a
capital of $50,000. This factory had
a capacity of 2,400 pairs of McKay
shoes a day. At this time, about
three hundred people found employ-
ment in the manufacture of these
shoes, the jobbing trade taking the
entire output.

The growth of this company may
best be judged from figures. The

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c
o
u

4)
&

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X

126

The Granite Monthly

capitalization has increased from
$50,000 to $750,000. From three
hundred the force of workmen em-
ployed has grown to fourteen hundred.
The present factory has a daily out-
put of 9,600 pairs of shoes, and the
large new factory, now in the process
of erection, when completed, will
increase this capacity to 12,000 pairs
of shoes a day.

From the beginning of manufacture
by this company, the entire product
was sold to the wholesale trade,
but in 1902 a radical change was
instituted in the selling policy and a
force of twenty salesmen was en-
gaged to sell direct to the retail trade
throughout the United States. The
force of traveling salesmen has since
doubled, a staff of forty men now
being on the road forty weeks out
of the fifty-two weeks of each year.

The weekly payroll of the Hoyt
Company now totals more than $20,-
000, and the annual production of
the factories is sold for more than
$4,000,000. The factories are now
working at their fullest capacity, and
work on the new building, Factory
No. 4, is being rushed as rapidly as
possible. This new building will
make a total floor space of 180,000
square feet devoted to the manufac-
ture of one brand of shoes.

Mr. F. M. Hoyt, the founder of the
company, died in 1903 and Mr. Hovey
E. Slay ton succeeded him as president
of the company. In 1904, the firm
determined to name their product
and it was then that the Beacon
Shoe came into existence. A cam-
paign of advertising was instituted
which has been carried out and
enlarged upon until now the company
spends $100,000 a year for publicity.
The result of this intensive adver-
tising has made the Beacon Shoe
leader in America, and its Lighthouse

trade-mark familiar throughout the
United States and even abroad. It
is a significant fact that the greatest
growth of this company dates from
the first advertising of this shoe
with a name.

The F. M. Hoyt Shoe Company
makes only men's and boys' shoes.
Unlike most American shoe manu-
facturers, this company has never
made army shoes or shoes for women.
In fact until 1914 the product of the
company was a better grade of men's
shoes only, but logically reasoning
that if a boy is satisfied with a certain
shoe, he will purchase the same brand
of shoe when he becomes a man, the
making of shoes for boys was in-
augurated with excellent success.
All the shoes made by this company
now are Goodyear welt shoes ex-
clusively, in contrast to the McKay
stitched goods, which were formerly
made.

By far the greater bulk of Beacon
shoes are sold in the United States,
but shoes of this manufacture are
exported to almost every civilized
country. Today nearly every shoe
manufacturer in this country is busily
engaged in the manufacture of war
orders, but the Hoyt firm has all it can
do to handle the great demand made
on it for civilian footwear. Today
the factory is running at full capacity
and it is keeping abreast of its orders
with diflB.culty. In fact so pressed is
the concern that it will be absolutely
impossible to take on any new orders
this summer and the salesmen have
been made aware of this fact.

The present officers of the company
are: Hovey E. Slayton, president and
treasurer; T. E. Cunningham, vice-
president; 0. J. Hutton, secretary;
and these three, and Mrs. L. H.
Slayton and A. B. Jenks, constitute
the board of directors.

Progressive Manchester

127

S. A. FELTON & SON COMPANY

The S. A. Felton & Son Company
of Manchester is the largest manu-
facturing house of power brushes in
the world, and at the same time one of
the city's oldest industries. Founded
in the early 80's by S. A. Felton, the
original product of this firm was de-
voted entirely to the shoe industry.
As an old shoe manufacturer Mr. Fel-
ton realized the expense and com-
parative inefficiency of hand finish-
ing of shoes, and, realizing the pos-
sibilities of power shoe finishing, he

tory. It is an item of interest that
today this company supplies over
90 per cent of all the brushes used
by shoe factories in America, and
at least 50 per cent of those used in
foreign countries. When one realizes
that American methods of making
and finishing shoes are now in use in
nearly every country in the world^
it will be readily seen that the sun
never sets on this product of Man-
chester.

The brush business was first located

^^^

gave much time and thought to what
was later to be his life work. Nat-
urally many other ideas along the line
of the modern power shoe brush were
suggested but few of these survived
more than a few years, while Felton
shoe brushes have had a reputation
second to none in this country.

It was but a few years after the
beginning of the S. A. Felton & Son
Company that the Felton or Cli-
max brushes, which trade-mark was
adopted by this company, began to be
a recognized fixture in every shoe fac-

in the S. C. Forsaith Machine Build-
ing, on Franklin Street, near the
depot, and remained there for several
years. About a half-dozen employes
worked there, altogether, and during
that period the output of the business
was devoted entirely to the shoe
trade. About this time the manu-
facturing industries of the country
were undergoing a revolution and
the idea of a power brush as a labor
saver and a necessity for good work
was beginning to be better known in
all lines. When inquiries began to

128

The Granite Monthly

come in for new kinds of brushes,
and large machines included in their
equipment brushes of some style or
other, this company was one of the
first to enter the new field. From
the shoe industry it was but a step
to the cotton and woolen mills, and
before the business had been going a
few years, a complete line of brushes
for these industries was being manu-
factured. As the business increased,
more room was necessary for addi-
tional help and improved machinery,
which was installed, and in 1890 the
company moved to West Brook
Street, where in the Manchester
Traction, Light & Power Company
Building, the second floor was used
as a work shop. Meanwhile several
other brush manufacturing houses,
started along similar lines, had ad-
vanced in their respective fields.
The Quinby Brush Company of Bos-
ton made a specialty of power brushes
for metal manufacturers, while the
Farnham Brush Company of Hones-
dale, Pennsylvania, had worked up a
large power brush trade among the
glass manufacturers and had also
interested some shoe factories in its
product. With three such large in-
dustries working along different lines,
but on the same principles, it was
quite evident that competition was
bound to occur.

The S A. Felton & Son Company
soon began the manufacture of wire
scratch brushes, and at the same time
originated some improvements for
brushes for the cut glass trade. In
1895 it was found necessary to open an
office in Boston where a small stock
of shoe brushes was carried for the
convenience of those shoe manu-
facturers of Lynn, Brockton and

neighboring cities who were accus-
tomed to come into Boston weekly.
Just previous to 1895 the Quinby
Brush Company was acquired by
purchase, and for a year or two was
run under the direction of the Felton
Company in Boston, but, finding
this method unsatisfactory, the entire
business was moved to Manchester
and incorporated as part of the main
company.

In 1905 the United Shoe Machinery
Company of Boston were appointed
the exclusive selling agents for the
shoe brushes manufactured l)y the
Felton Company which position they
have since held. Shortly after this
the Farnham Brush Company turned
over its business to the S. A. Felton
& Son Company and as in the case
of the Quinby Brush Company, the
machinery and equipment was trans-
ferred to Manchester to the factory.
During all this time the business had
grown to such an extent that more
floor space was required and during
-the period between 1900 and 1910 the
third floor and finally the ground floor
of the building were taken over. In
the fall of 1913 work was begun on an
addition, as the installation of new
machinery required more room, and
in 1914 the company moved into its
present quarters.

From the above sketch it will be
seen that from a small beginning and
comparative obscurity, a world-wide
industry has been built up in Man-
chester, which fact is doubtless un-
known to many who live here. The
busines. today recognized as the
largest manufacturer of power l:)rushes
in the A and at the same time the
largest user of power brush material
in America.

Progressive Manchester

129

THE BUSINESS SECTION OF MANCHESTER

It was nearly a century after the
first settlers had arrived at Ammos-
ceeg Falls, in 1733, and sixty years
after the governor had granted a
charter to the town of Derryfield, on
September 3, 1751, that Judge Samuel
Blodgett, standing on the bank of his
famous canal, looked about him and
remarked, "Here is the spot where
some day will be located the Manches-
ter of America." This oft-repeated
expression of Derryfield's most en-
ergetic citizen pleased his fellow
townsmen, and on March 13, 1810,
a little over two years after the death
of Judge Blodgett, the town voted to
petition the legislature for permission
to have "the name of the town of
Derryfield altered to Manchester."
Permission was immediately granted
and thus Manchester, New Hamp-
shire, was born, a thriving town of
six hundred and fifteen souls; a
community the population of which
had increased fifty-eight during the
preceding ten years. In 1838 the
streets, parks and commons, of the
present city of Manchester, were
laid out, on the east bank of the river,
by the Amoskeag Manufacturing
Company, and since that time the
progress of the "Manchester of Amer-
ica" has been incredibly rapid.

Today it is the pride of the Granite
State, as far as the cities of this com-
monwealth are concerned, for Man-
chester is a prosperous, energetic
community, with a p-iJation of
over 80,000. The commercial, man-
ufacturing and educatir . advan-
tages are unsurpassed, xt is the
industrial center of northern New
England. The climate of the city
is most healthful, its supply of pure
water is inexhaustible and its system
of public schools ranks high. The
city's beautiful parks and commons
are a source of pride to the citizens;
the fire and police protection is near
perfect; the streets are well kept and
better lighted, while the tax rate is

unusually low. Manchester's stores
are the finest in the State, its banks
have assets of over forty millions and
the city is well governed and free
from labor disturbances.

As a rule the business section of a
city is a barometer which seldom fails
to register accurately the actual
worth of a municipality. For this
reason it becomes an all important
and interesting part of the city, not
only from the standpoint of the casual
observer, but also from the point
of view of the most public-spirited
citizens. Every citizen has a common
interest in the business section of a
city, for here all meet to transact
business in everyday life. If holi-
days are marked by celebrations,
they are usually held in the business
section, and pageants of all kinds,
martial, funeral, religious and civic,
occur here.

In Manchester it was through Elm
Street that the native sons marched
away to war in the early "sixties."
Again in 1898 the pavement of this
historic thoroughfare echoed to the
tread of the men who answered their
country's call at the time of the
Spanish-American war. But a few
dsiys ago the khaki-clad sons of the
Queen City marched away in answer
to President Wilson's call for troops in
event of a war with Mexico. Thus,
for business reasons and for reasons of
sentiment, the "down-town" section
of Manchester is important.

Manchester need have no fear that
one could obtain an inconsequential
opinion of the city from either a
casual observation, or close exami-
nation, of its business section. As one
turns on to Elm Street from the rail-
road station, busy, broad Elm Street,
with its arches of lights, double track
electric car line and smooth asphalt
pavement, stretches away for miles
in either direction. Flanked by sub-
stantial, brick business blocks and
ample sidewalk room, the street.

T- r

f JS «*

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buiitis 11

If /■

""^'y*'^.

'Hf,',' Tr„

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ELM STREET, LOOKING SOUTH, AMOSKEAG BANK BUILDING IN FOREGROUND

Progressive Manchester

131

usually filled with traffic and pedes-
trians, could not fail to give one a
fine impression of the Queen City.
If one glances north his eyes will
immediately catch sight of the tower-
ing home of the Amoskeag bank just
beyond the shining white marble
front of the Merchant's Bank build-
ing, even more recently erected.

The present business section of
Manchester was laid out by engineers
in the employ of the Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company early in the
year 1838. The principal street par-
allelled the river, and was laid out so
wide that the townspeople wanted to
call it Broadway. However it re-
ceived the name of Elm Street be-
cause a hugh elm tree was allowed to
remain in the center of the street
near a point which is now the head of
Spring Street. Afterwards lines of
elm trees were planted along both
sides of this main thoroughfare.
Other streets, now contained in the
business section, were laid out and
graded, two tracts, now called Con-
cord and Merrimack Squares, being
reserved for public parks. After the
streets of the proposed city were laid
out, the Amoskeag Company ad-
vertised a land sale, one of the con-
ditions of the sale being that all
buildings on the west side of Elm
Street should be built of either brick
or stone and slated. Today one
square foot of the land is worth
more than whole lots sold for at
that time.

The first business blocks, erected
early in 1839, were two-story wooden
structures, the first floors being used
for stores and the second for tene-
ments. One of the first substantial
buildings in Manchester was erected
in 1841, at the corner of Elm and
Market streets. It was of brick
with stone trimmings and a frontage
of ninety feet on the main thorough-
fare, and was used as a townhouse.
A few years previous to this time the
directors of the Amoskeag Company
had caused to be erected at the north-
east corner of Elm and Merrimack

streets a brick building suitable for
use as a tavern and in 1840 Mr. Wil-
liam Shepard took possession of the
hotel and as ''Shepard's Tavern" it
was famous for years. At that period
ia the development of the city, the
business section of Manchester ex-
tended from Shepard's Tavern to
Lowell Street, with quite a few vacant
lots to mark the frontage of business
blocks.

Since that time the growth of
Manchester's business section, and
its development along lines of modern
city progress, has not only been steady,
but it has been exeedingly rapid.
Old landmarks have been demolished,
and in their place have arisen new
and modern structures. Business
streets have been repaved, new side-
walks constructed and old-fashioned
methods of street lighting replaced
with new and up-to-date systems.
High pressure hydrants have been
installed, unsightly poles used to
carry electric, telephone and tele-
graph wires have been done away
with in so far as possible and today
the business section of the Queen
City is thoroughly modern.

In January, 1914, practically the
entire business section included be-
tween Manchester and Hanover
streets on the east side of Elm Street
was wiped out by a great fire. Now
there are erected on the site three of
the finest business blocks which grace
any New England city, the Amoskeag
Bank building. Barton's store and the
Merchants' Bank building. These
three structures are modern in every
detail and can only reflect the highest
credit on the city. Indeed they can
be termed one of Manchester's finest
business assets, for this block of
thoroughly modern business structures
has become one of the chief points of
interest in the town.

Manchester, in the comparatively
short space of three score years and
ten, has achieved wonderful progress,
not only in the physical changes and
growth of its business section, but
also in its citizenry. Not unlike

132

The Granite Monthly

other manufacturing centers, its pop-
ulation is necessarily cosmopolitan
in the extreme and men of all nation-
alities and creeds are thrown into
daily contact with each other in the
transaction of business, yet nothing

operation which exists among the
useful citizens who conduct the busi-
ness affairs of this New Hampshire
metropolis. Among these men are
some who were broad enough to see
the material worth of such an edition

Old Shepard Tavern

but the heartiest cooperation is evi-
dent in all phases of business activity
which affect the welfare of the city as
a whole. The Manchester PubUcity
Association, with its ever widening
scope of usefulness, is material proof
of the spirit of helpfulness and co-

as this to the city of which they are
a part, as well as to the State. Fol-
lowing are sketches of a few of these
business men of Manchester, while
many others are represented in the
advertising pages of this issue of the
Granite Monthly.

Progressive Manchester

133

THE AMOSKEAG BANKS

Prominent as one of the most
dignified, modern and convenient
bank buildings in New England,
stands the new home of the Amoskeag
Savings Bank and the Amoskeag Na-
tional Bank. This building is fittingly
located at Elm and Hanover streets,
a corner which is the busiest in the
State.

The building, of steel frame con-
struction, is of Indiana limestone, ten

artistic. A small room equipped and
furnished exclusively for the use of
ladies, and a second similar room
provided for the private use of cus-
tomers are among other special con-
veniences which the banks provide,
and indeed no expense has been
spared to make the facilities for
transacting a banking business ade-
quate in every way.

The vaults, which are ample in size

Main Banking Room, Looking East

stories in height, the basement, main
and mezzanine floors being wholly oc-
cupied by the banks. The main
banking room is lofty, handsome, and
spacious, with a most inviting aspect.
The banking rooms are finished in
Italian marble and are well lighted
from large mullioned windows which
give uniform and ample light, and the
bronze grill surmounting the counters,
designed and cast especially for this
room, is particularly graceful and

to contain some 4,000 individual
safes besides the chests for the use of
the banks, have been so designed and
equipped as to make the safety of their
contents beyond question. Besides
the main vault there is a storage vault
apart from the main vault and so
fitted that it is convenient for the
reception of boxes and other articles
of bulk. After passing the pro-
tective grill and entering the vault
apartments, these two vaults are

134

The Granite Monthly

accessible to customers of the banks,
while two book vaults and a second
entrance to the main vault are ac-

Main Entrance to the Building

cessible only through the rooms of
the bank itself.

The Amoskeag Savings Bank was
established in 1852, and has enjoyed
continual prosperity and growth, and
today its deposits amount to more
than fifteen millions of dollars, which
are owned by over 26,000 depositors,
resident in nearly every city and town
in the State. The bank points with
pride to total assets of over $18,000,-
000, which rank it as one of the
foremost savings banks in New
England.

The Amoskeag National Bank was
incorporated as a state institution in
the year 1848, with a capital of $150,-
000, and occupied rooms on the second
floor of a building on a side street.
Two years after its establishment its
deposits were some nineteen thousand
dollars. In 1864 it became a national

bank, receiving a new charter from
the federal government, and five
years later increased its capital to
$200,000, at which amount it remains
today. During these years it has
gradually increased its surplus and
profits until they now stand at over
$400,000, which, together with the
stockholders' liability, makes a fund
of over $800,000, all for the protection
of its depositors.

During this period the banks have
three times outgrown their quarters.
In 1870 they moved from their original
location to an office on Elm Street, on
the site of their present building. In
1893 these banking rooms, in turn,
becoming confined, were remodeled
and enlarged, and then in 1912 the
erection of their present home was
begun.

Both banks feel that their growth
is largely due to the prominent and
capable men who have always been as-
sociated with their management.
Moody Currier, governor of New
Hampshire from 1885 to 1887, was
the first cashier of the Amoskeag
Bank, and on its conversion into a

Entrance to Main Banking Room

national bank in 1864, became its
president. The' late Henry Chandler
and his son, the late George Henry

Progressive Manchester

135

Chandler, each for a long period
occupied the position of treasurer of
the savings bank, and contributed in
a very large degree to its prosperitj'^ ;
while the late George Byron Chandler,
at the time of his death president of

the national bank and treasurer of the
savings bank, was connected with
these institutions for over fifty years.
His efficiency and ability as a banker
are reflected in the growth of the
banks during his term of office.

JAMES A. WELLMAN

Forging to the front ranks of the
business and civic life of Manchester,
by perseverance and concentrated
effort, James A. Wellman has made
his personality felt in the growth and
prosperity of his city and state.

For twenty-one years Mr. Wellman
has been at the head of the state
agency of the National Life Insurance
Company of Montpelier, Vt., the
largest general agency in New Hamp-
shire, and is known as one of the state's
most successful insurance men. His
progress has been founded upon the
unexcelled service which he has given,
together with the strength and mu-
tuality of the National Life, to such an
extent that in 1915, his agency busi-
ness in New Hampshire was nearly
$900,000.

Through his efforts there are thou-
sands of National Life policyholders
and more than eight millions of dol-
lars of National Life Insurance now
in force in the Granite State. Sound
business principles, the loyalty of his
organization and the Wellman rep-
utation for the square deal have
made the individual and the National
Life stand for all that is best in life
insurance.

It is most fitting that the com-
mercial success of James A. Wellman
should have reached its height in New
Hampshire. He was born in Cornish,
this state, on May 4, 1868, the son of
Albert E. and Emily Dodge (Hall)
Wellman. His father was a farmer.
Like many more of the state's older
families, his ancestors came from Mas-
sachusetts, deciding to cast their
fortunes in the sister commonwealth,
and to be among those instrumental
in its material development.

He is a lineal descendant of the

Puritans, being twelfth in line from
Governor William Bradford and Elder
Brewster of Plymouth Colony and
among his forefathers were men who
served in the army of the Revolution.
Mr. Wellman received his early
education in the schools of Cornish,
later attending Kimball L^nion Acad-
emy at Meriden. He entered Dart-
mouth and was graduated in the class

James A. Wellman

of 1889. Then he immediately began
his career in the life insurance busi-
ness.

lentil 1895 he was special agent of
the Connecticut Mutual Life In-
surance Company in Burlington, Vt.,
resigning in that year to accept the
general agency of the National Life
Insurance Company in New Hamp-
shire. He came to Manchester where
he has since been located, maintaining

HERBERT A. McELWAIN

Progressive Manchester 137

a suite of offices in the Pembroke 312, 314 Beacon Building, 814 Elm

Building at Elm and Merrimack Street.

streets. Mr, McElwain was born at Enfield,

Although his commercial duties N. H., April 24, 1877, the son of

have been exacting, he has found James and Ella R. (Gage) McElwain.

time for, and given his attention to, His early education was received in

the civic affairs of Manchester. He the public schools of Enfield and he

is one of the city's strongest boosters, later entered Kimball Union Acad-

and a member of the Manchester emy at Meriden, N. H., wherehe grad-

Publicity Association. He has never uated in 1899. In the fall of that

sought public office, but has interested year he entered Dartmouth College

himself in the city's political and with the class of 1903, remaining at

financial problems. the Hanover Institution for two years,

His business acumen has been when he left for the purpose of enter-
recognized in the important positions ing business.

of trust to which he has been chosen. In 1901 he went to Springfield,
He is a member of the board of di- Mass., where he was manager of sales-
rectors of the Manchester National men for the Home Correspondence
Bank, the Manchester Safe Deposit School. In 1907 he became connected
and Trust Company and the Morris with Alonzo Elliott, investment
Plan Association. He is president banker and broker, and at the death
also of the Agents' Association of the of Mr. Elliott, in 1909, he purchased
National Life Insurance Company the business and had it incorporated
and a member of the Executive under the name of Alonzo Elliott &
Committee of the National Associa- Company. Today there is no house
tion of Life Underwriters. in northern New England which is

Fraternally he is prominent in more favorably known than Alonzo

Masonic circles, and in addition is Elliott & Company,

affiliated with the Derryfield and the Mr. McElwain is a Republican in

Country clubs. He is an attendant politics. He is a member of the

of the Franklin Street Congregational Derryfield, Calumet and Intervale

Church. Country clubs of Manchester, and the

He was married on June 23, 1898, Vesper Country Club of Lowell, Mass.

to Miss Florence Vincent of Burling- His interest in the college at Hanover

ton,Vt. They have two daughters, the is apparent from his membership in

Misses Harriet and Dorothy Wellman. the Dartmouth Club of Boston.

Mr. McElwain was married on

April 18, 1906, to Dorothy R. Favreau

ALONZO ELLIOTT & COMPANY of Lebanon, N. H., and their home

One of the best known investment is at 61 Munroe Street. Mr. McEl-
banking houses in northern New wain has made an enviable position
England is that of Alonzo Elliott and for himself in the investment bank-
Company; the business consisting of ing business of New Hampshire by
the purchase and sale of the highest reason of his knowledge of financial
grade investment securities. The com- matters. He is progressive without
pany does business in New Hampshire, being a radical, and his honest bus-
Vermont, Maine and Massachusetts iness methods have brought him
under the management of Mr. many friends, in fact the investment
Herbert A. McElwain, president, banking house of Alonzo Elliott and
treasurer and owner. .The company's Company is a credit to the Queen City
offices are located in suites 308, 310, and to the Granite State.

138

The Granite Monthly

THE JOHN B. VARICK COMPANY

The John B. Varick Co. was estab- officers of the company are Richard

lished in 1845, on the same spot where Varick, president, Charles A. Adams,

the present Varick Building stands, manager, and Thomas R. Varick,

by John P, Adriance, who came to treasurer.

Manchester from Poughkeepsie, N. Y. The Varick Company is not by any

Elm Street Stores

In 1849 John B. Varick, a boy of six-
teen, came to Manchester from
Poughkeepsie and entered the employ
of Mr. Adriance. In 1851 Mr. Ad-
riance sold out the business to Messrs.
Dennis and Varick.
"^In 1855 Mr. Dennis retired and the
firm became known as Varick, Storm
& Co. In 1858 Walter Adriance,
John B. Varick's cousin, purchased
Mr. Storm's interest and the firm
again changed names, being now
known as John B. Varick & Co.
In 1860 John B. Varick bought his
partner out, and became sole owner.
In 1884 the business was incorporated
under the name of the John B. Varick
Co., with John B. Varick, president

Warehouse No. 2, West
Auburn Street

means the largest, but, in the opinion
of many good judges, it is the most
complete and perfectly appointed
general hardware establishment to be
found in the entire United States.

The company owns the new Varick
Building, half of the Varick-Sullivan
Building, Warehouse No. 1, Ware-
house No. 2, and the Depot Street
store, the last two named buildings
being situated directly north of the
Boston & Maine Freight Depot with
side tracks running directly to the
doors where seven cars may be easily
handled at once. Because of the
improved construction and modern
sprinkler equipment insurance rates
are the lowest possible. With no

Warehouse No. 1,
Nutfield Lane

and treasurer, and Charles A. Adams,
manager.

John B. Varick died in 1902, after
having been actively engaged in the
same business in the same location for
over fifty-three years. The present

Agricultural Warehouse,
Depot Street

rentals to pay, with ideal freight
conditions and low insurance com-
bined with the fact that the company
buys in large quantities on its own
capital, there is little wonder that
the company can sell its goods as
low as any concern on earth.

Progressive Manchester

139

WALTER M. LANG

It is said that true ambition cannot
and will not be downed. If this is
so then Walter M. Lang, one of
Manchester's leading real estate op-
erators and insurance men, must
have been possessed of just that sort
of stuff, for his career is not only as
interesting as it is out of the ordinary;
but it might really be termed spec-
tacular. From an insignificant and

he associated himself with the Charles
A. Hoitt Furniture Company, as a
traveling salesman. In this line of
work he distinguished himself by
working up new lines of trade, never
before touched by his company, and
after a few years Mr. Lang estab-
lished himself in East Manchester as
a grocer with Lovell Ruiter as a
partner, who still conducts the busi-
ness. It was when this partnership

Office of Walter M. Lang

obscure position as clerk in the cloth-
ing house of Cushman and Hardy,
Mr. Lang has gradually fought his
way upwards until he now occupies
a handsome suite of offices on the
seventh floor of the Amoskeag Build-
ing, and is looked upon as a leader in
the business affairs of the city.

From clerk of the Cushman and
Hardy store young Lang worked up
to the position of manager. When
the business changed hands in 1892

was dissolved that Mr. Lang started
in the real estate and insurance busi-
ness.

Here he seemingly found the work
for which he was best fitted, for his
business has steadily increased until,
today, it is second to none in the city.
Not only does he handle a large
variety of high class real estate,
but he also represents the Aetna
Insurance Company of Hartford,
Conn.

140

The Granite Monthly

Unlike many other busy men of
affairs, Mr. Lang has found time to
interest himself in the political af-
fairs of the city and state. In 1900
he sat in the city council as a council-
man from ward six, and in 1906 he
represented ward three in the legis-
lature, where he achieved distinction
as chairman of the committee on in-
surance. He is a Progressive in
politics, and has been a great admirer
of former President Roosevelt.

Mr. Lang- is most prominent in
Odd Fellowship and in the affairs

that he selected Manchester as his
winter home. Through this trans-
action Mr. Lang gained the widest
publicity and also the firm friendship
of the Pittsburgh man, who now counts
Mr. Lang among his closest New
Hampshire friends.

Walter M. Lang

of the Encampment and Patriarch
Militant branches of the order. He
is a member of the Calumet Club
and, as a member of the White
Mountain Travelers' Association,
never misses one of the annual ban-
quets at Concord. He is a Christian
Scientist, is married and has one
daughter.

Li the winter of 1915, Mr. Lang
leased the residence of Dr. C. W.
Clement at the corner of Elm and
Thayer streets to Harry K. Thaw.
It was during the enforced stay of that
noted fugitive in New Hampshire

ALPHEUS J. PELLETIER

There are very few architects in the
country who, at the age of thirty,
have gained considerable reputation,
yet Alpheus J. Pelletier has not yet
passed his thirtieth milestone and is
very well known in his adopted city
of Manchester as a competent and
successful architect. The fact that
he held the important post of super-
vising architect during the erection
of both the New Hampshire Fire
Insurance Company's beautiful new
home and the Carpenter Memorial
Library is sufficient evidence of Mr.
Pelletier's capabilities.

The young architect was born in
Concord, N. H., and received his
early education there, removing later
to Nashua, where he graduated from
Nashua High School. From the age
of eleven he had been interested in
mechanical drawing and house plan-
ning, so it is not surprising that he
decided to follow architecture, after
leaving high school. Providing him-
self with a living, and working dili-
gently at his profession at the same
time, Mr. Pelletier soon became so
proficient in his chosen line of work
that he became associated with Wm.
M. Butterfield, one of the leading
Manchester architects. While with
Mr. Butterfield the young man de-
signed some of the residences of prom-
inent Manchester people which were
erected at the North End.

At the present time Mr. Pelletier
has an office in connection with Ed-
ward L. Tilton at 605, Amoskeag
Bank Building, where he does a very .
considerable business.

On April 19, 1915, Mr. Pelletier
married Ina Mae Anderson at Nashua,
N. H. He is a Republican in politics

Progressive Manchester

141

and an honorable member of the
American Society of Architects. Mr.
Pelletier is a Roman Catholic. Al-
though busily engaged for the most
part in his profession, he occasionally
finds time to engage in his favorite
recreation of hunting' and fishing.

son have succeeded in building up a
well established trade in local and

A. M. CARLTON & SON

One of the oldest and most success-
ful real estate firms in Manchester
is that of A. M. Carlton & Son,, lo-
cated in the Beacon Building. The
business is very extensive including
real estate, auctioneering and loans.
This ever increasing business has been
established thirty years, and forms
a landmark in the history of Man-
chester business. The firm name of
A. M. Carlton & Son was taken nine
years ago, when Mr. Carlton was
assisted in business by his son, Reu-
ben W. Carlton. At this time the
firm was located in the Old Mer-
chants Exchange Building. The bus-
iness of H. H. Dustin & Son, of twelve

A. M. Carlton

years' standing, was taken over by Mr.
A. M. Carlton in 1889, and he and his

Reuben W. Carlton

southern New Hampshire real estate
during this time.

Reuben W. Carlton has been very
successful in the insurance business,
he having been district manager for
the well known Prudential Insurance
Company of America, the home office
of which is in Newark, N. J. Mr.
Carlton's territory consists of all of
the southern half of New Hampshire.

Both Mr. Carlton and his son have
attractive homes in Goffstown, N. H.,
where they reside and conduct a
branch office of their business. Fra-
ternally both are members of the
Odd Fellows, Reuben W. Carlton
being Past Noble Grand of Webster
Lodge No. 24, also Past Master of
Uncanoonuc Grange No. 40, also of
Goffstown. Both the Carltons are
strong Republicans and always have
been. Both are members of the
Congregational Church of Goffstown,
Reuben W. acting as its clerk at the
present time. A. M. Carlton is the
son of John Carlton making three
generations of this well known family.
Mr. John Carlton resides in Concord,

142

The Granite Monthly

N. H., and is known elsewhere as well
as in the capital city as one of the
most active of the state's octogenar-
ians, having reached the advanced age
of 97 years.

The Carlton firm makes a specialty
of selling farms, suburban homes, and
timber lands, and they sell a large
amount of this class of property each
year. The constant increase of the
volume of this firm's business is proof
of its great prosperity.

is strictly modern in every detail, this
progressive firm has already estab-
lished a splendid practice. They aim
to always give efficient service and the
offices are open every evening. The
methods employed in the treatment

WARREN & WARREN
The accompanying illustrations give
but an inadequate idea of the size

Reception Room

and extent of the dental offices of
Warren & Warren in the Eagle
Theatre building at 1170 Elm Street,

Operating Room — East

Operating Room — West

of the great number of varied cases
which come under the expert super-
vision of the firm are as modern as
the equipment of the offices. Al-
though the firm does high class
work under the finest possible con-
ditions, the prices charged are very
reasonable and for this reason the
dental parlors of Warren & Warren
are popular with all classes of Man-

corner of Bridge. Conveniently situ-
ated and with an equipment which

Laboratory

Chester citizens, and there is seldom a
minute of the day that the chairs are
not all occupied with patients.

The dental parlors of Warren &
Warren are centrally located, at the
corner of Bridge and Elm streets.

Progressive Manchester

143

The reception room is large, well
lighted and furnished with com-
fortable mission furniture. Opening
out of the reception room are the two
operating rooms, each of which con-
tains two chairs. From the further
operating room one enters the modern
laboratory, which is fitted with every
sort of device for the large amount of
dental work which the firm does. In
short Warren & Warren is not only
the largest dental firm in the state,
but it is one of the most progressive
and up-to-date.

tion of sanitary plumbing and bath-
room fixtures.

His first step was to establish and
equip a strong commercial organiza-
tion for the distribution of modern
plumbing fixtures and sanitary goods.
Once established the business grew
and fiourished, so that various changes
in the location were made necessary
until the present warehouse on Canal
Street was acquired. Every detail
of the present establishment, embrac-
ing 30,000 square feet of floor space,
is up-to-date. An unexcelled loca-

jThe Manchester Supply Company

THE MANCHESTER SUPPLY
COMPANY

The complete and modern home
of the Manchester Supply Company,
wholesale dealers in plumbers' sup-
phes, stands directly in front of the
Boston and Maine Railroad Station,
and is a monument to the industry
and perseverance of the present
treasurer of the corporation, Mr.
Edmund F. Higgins. In 1890, Mr.
Higgins, who had been prominently
identified with the business activities
of the city and state, as a member of
the well known firm of Higgins
Brothers, furniture dealers, saw the
opportunity which was being created
by the demand for absolute sanita-
tion in the construction and installa-

tion, wonderful side-track facilities,
fine offices, spacious sample rooms, a
complete line of the best goods
obtainable, and a thoroughly modern
service department all go to make up
the best establishment for wholesale
trade in this line that may be found
in northern New England. The com-
pany handles exclusively the high
class line of the Standard Sanitary
Manufacturing Company, located in
Pittsburgh, Pa..

It may be said that ''service first"
could well be adopted as a slogan by
this corporation for particular atten-
tion is paid to the needs and wishes
of customers. The services of a com-
petent sanitary engineer and well
trained salesman are freely provided

144

The Granite Monthly

and the extent of the business makes
it easy to offer goods at lowest prices
and to give a Uberal discount for
cash. Cooperation is a watchword
of the institution and everyone is
invited to become personally ac-
quainted with the company, its aims
and its officials.

acquainted with the company and
the high quality of the work which is
done there.

PERKINS NAPHTHA CLEANS-
ING WORKS

One of the oldest cleaning and dye-
ing establishments in the city of
Manchester is that of the Perkins
Naphtha Cleansing Company, at 127
Hanover Street, of which WiUiam E.
Felch is the proprietor. For nearly
thirty years the doors of this high
grade establishment have been open
to the Manchester public, and during

Perkins Naphtha Cleansing Co.

that period the business has made
a host of friends. Mr. Felch has had
the place for about five years, and
during that time the business has
gone forward in leaps and bounds,
until today it is second to none in
the Queen City. The latest and
most approved methods in cleaning
and dyeing have been adopted, and
satisfaction is guaranteed to all
patrons of the establishment, and
there are many.

Mr. Felch has two able assistants
in his wife and son, both of whom
take an active interest in conducting
the affairs of the place. Conveniently
located, directly opposite the front
doors of the Post-office on Hanover
Street, there are few residents of
Manchester who are not personally

HARRY J. DANFORTH

"Everything for the Sportsman"
was the house motto selected by
Harry J. Danforth when he decided
to enter into the sporting goods
business two years ago, and since that
time his establishment, at 73 Han-
over Street, has been the headquarters
for many of the leading hunters, nim-
rods and autoists of the city and state.

Seventeen years of experience in
ordering and disposing of this line of

Harry J. Danforth

goods has placed him on a par with
any of the authorities in New Hamp-
shire. A sportsman himself, in both
fishing and hunting, he is acquainted
with the best that there is, and con-
sequently is in a position to help out
the novice and suggest to the expe-
rienced.

Mr. Danforth was born and brought
up in the Queen City of the Granite
State. Sporting goods has always
been his hobby and for years he
handled this department in a large
hardware house. With an abundance
of experience and grit, he decided to
strike out for himself and on March
1, 1914, opened an establishment at

Progressive Manchester

145

73 Hanover Street. His business has
increased remarkably during the past
two years, until today he is prepared
to serve the sportsman with every
article in his line.

While he holds to his motto "Every-
thing for the Sportsman," Mr. Dan-
forth has added to his stock, auto
tires and accessories. New goods
are being constantly ordered and the
departments are being enlarged with
the corresponding perfection of new
sporting goods material.

Everything from a fish hook to an

Hampshire is Charles D. Steele, owner
and founder of the Steele Meat Mar-
kets. Mr. Steele was born in Peacham,
Vt., July 18, 1872, the son of Mat-
thew and Lillian (Calderwood) Steele
and his education was received in
Woodsville, N. H. His business ca-
reer began in Woodsville twenty-five
years ago, where he opened a meat
store. His first change of business
came when he took over the New
England store on Amherst Street, and
from this dates his beginning as an in-
fluential business man of Manchester.

Steele's Market

automobile tire may be found in this
up-to-date store. Its growth has
been truly wonderful. On March 1,
1916, Mr. Danf orth observed his second
anniversary. That his third year may
eclipse both the first and second is his
earnest desire and with this in mind he
calls the attention of the sportsmen of
New Hampshire to his display of goods.
His motto has been well chosen and
is fast becoming one of the bywords
of the state; "Everything for the
Sportsman."

STEELE'S MARKET
The most progressive merchant in
his particular line in the state of New

At the present time Mr. Steele
conducts three of the finest stores of
the kind in all Manchester. They
are located respectively at 776 Elm
Street, 653 Chestnut Street, and 815
Chestnut Street. These three stores
furnish each a fine example of the
model store of its line. Progressiveness
and up-to-date methods have been the
motto of the Steele stores, and that they
have lived up to this motto is easily pro-
ven by an inspection of the large line of
foreign and native merchandise carried
by them. Another rule of the Steele
stores is strictly sanitary conditions,
cleanliness being one of the virtues
which is cultivated in these markets.

146

The Granite Monthly

Mr. Steele, while very attentive to
his business, yet finds time to enjoy
his favorite recreation, motoring. He
is a Republican, a Mason, Knight
Templar, Shrine, and Consistory.
He is a member of the St. Paul's M. E.
Church, and at present serves on the
official board of that church.

In 1891 Mr. Steele married Millie
E, Remick, at Woodstock, N. H.
They have three children.

PARISEAU'S SHOE STORE

^ To the enterprise and ability of
Mr. Phihas H. Berthiaume, the pres-
ent manager, is due the growth and

Philias H. Berthiaume

steady development of the Pariseau
Shoe Store, at 675 Elm Street. From
a small beginning the store has ad-
vanced, under the keen supervision
of Mr. Berthiaume, until it is one of
the recognized leaders in this branch
of Manchester's mercantile business.
The energetic and successful mana-
ger was born in Worcester, Mass.,
September 7, 1878. His early educa-
tion was received in Canada and he
afterwards graduated from St. Hya-

cinth's College, P. Q. In 1890 he
entered business in Worcester, as a
reporter on the well known French
publication UOpinion Publique. In
1893 he made his first start in the
boot and shoe business with T. Pari-
seau. A year afterwards he was made
manager of the Eagle Branch Shoe
Company at 675 Elm Street, and in
1907 married Ernestine Pariseau, the
present proprietor of the business. To
them twin girls have been born.

Mr. Berthiaume is a member of the
Elks and belongs to the Jolliet Club.
His favorite pastimes are fishing and
baseball, and when not in his place of
business he may be found either whip-
ping a trout brook or on the baseball
bleachers.

BROWN'S

One of the largest stores dealing in
all kinds of optical goods is "Brown's,"
located at 996 Elm Street and man-
aged by the proprietor, Mr. Theodore
W. Brown. The place is fronted by
a large show window, which is always
noticeable because of the clever dec-
orative scheme employed. Enter-
ing one finds himself in a modern, well
equipped sales room, where a fine
line of the best optical goods is dis-
played in glass counters and cases.
In the rear is a commodious examina-
tion room, fitted with all modern

Comer in Brown's Optical Shop

instruments for the thorough ex-
amination of the eye, and in charge
of an expert refractionist.

Progressive Manchester

147

The Eastman Kodak line is handled
exclusively and the developing, print-
ing and enlarging part of the business
is done by a thoroughly competent
photographer. Other optical mer-
chandise, such as Balopticons, ster-
eopticons, field glasses, etc., are
carried in stock. In the basement is
the optical shop, fitted with all modern
machinery for the making of lenses
and including one of the very few
surfacing machines in the state. An-
other section of the basement is fitted
with every possible convenience for
the developing, printing and enlarging
business. All in all the business is
one of the largest and best in the
state, due to the progressive methods
of the proprietor, who is always pleased
to personally attend to the wants of
his many patrons.

jamin Carr, afterwards purchasing
the business and conducting it with
success until the National State
Capital Bank Building was burned,
destroying studio and equipment.
After this mishap Mr. Lindsey re-
turned to Manchester and was as-
sistant with Stephen Piper until
1879, when he went to Nashua and
opened his own studio. In 1882
he changed location in Nashua and
opened a new studio where he re-
mained until 1889 when he went to
Boston and for a number of years

THE LINDSEY STUDIO

No photographer in New Hampshire
has achieved greater distinction in
his chosen profession than Charles
Henry Lindsey, who, in company with
his son, Ira Frank Lindsey, conducts
the well known Lindsey Studio at
936 Elm Street. The character of
the work turned out at this studio
reflects the artistic ability of both
father and son, neither of whom are
content to sit back and call their
work "good enough," but are fol-
lowing closely every new develop-
ment or idea in their profession, in
their eager desire to keep fully abreast
of the times. The result of this con-
stant study is easily apparent in the
class of work accomplished. Every
portrait is made a study and the
finished photograph from the Lindsey
Studio can well be termed a fine speci-
men of photographic art.

Charles Henry Lindsey first took
up the study of his profession in the
studio of Frank 0. Everett, then
located in the Smith Block, just
forty-four years ago. He remained
with the Everett Studio for three
years and then removed to Concord
where he became operator for Ben-

Charles H. Lindsey

operated for the best known Boston
photographers.

In 1894 he came back to Manches-
ter and equipped a modern studio,
on the third floor of the Weston
Block, and here he remained until
March, 1915, when the sale of the
building forced him to find new
quarters. He purchased the old El-
linwood Studio at 936 Elm Street, the
oldest studio in Manchester, and is
there meeting with the same extensive
high class patronage which he had been
favored with for so many years when
located in the Weston Blo(3k.

148

The Granite Monthly

In his son, Ira Frank, Mr. Lindsey
has a worthy and proficient partner.
After learning the business with his
father, the younger Lindsey went to
Boston as operator in the Armstrong
Studio of that city. Later he man-
aged the OUver Studio in Hartford,
Conn., and in 1913 came back to
Manchester to associate with his
father as operator and active manager
of the business. The younger Lind-
sey is also an enthusiastic student
of the profession and his progressive
ideas have proven most helpful to
his father.

The studio by no means depends
upon the Queen City alone for its
patronage for the work outside of the
city has grown to such an extent that

a trade center for those wishing to
purchase high grade house furnishings
at reasonable prices.

The proprietor, Mr. DeMoulpied,
was born in Cumberland, England,
on April 7, 1854, the son of the Rev.
Joseph and Sophia (Ozier) DeMoul-
pied. His early education was re-
ceived in the schools of Cumberland,
after which he was graduated from
Nicolet College. As a young man he
removed to this country, and, after
achieving a number of business suc-
cesses, located in Manchester in
March, 1893, instituting his present
business which has grown remarkably
in the past decade.

Mr. DeMoulpied was married on
January 7, 1875, to Nellie Tj^ron at

it has become necessary to keep a
business agent in the field the greater
part of the time. The north country
and towns on the eastern and west-
ern borders of the state are repre-
sented among the many patrons of
the studio and the high class busi-
ness principles of the firm, aside
from its artistic ideals, have cemented
the friendship of all its patrons.

Lowell, Mass., and to them have been
born two sons and three daughters.
Mr. DeMoulpied is a member of the St.
Paul's Methodist P]piscopal Church.

Demoulpied's furniture

STORE

One of the substantial business
houses of Manchester is the furniture
store of which Charles M. DeMoulpied
is the owner and manager. Located
at 665-669 Elm Street, nearly op-
posite the Transfer Station, this
attractive, modern store has become

COLE'S DRY CLEANSING CO.

Cole's Dry Cleansing Company of
Manchester is known all over the
Granite State and in many instances
the fame of the establishment has
spread across the borders and into the
adjoining states of Vermont, Maine
and Massachusetts. The office of the
company is located at 1173 Elm
Street, and the works are at 953
Union Street. In fact the business
of the company in this State is so large
that it has been necessary to establish
branch offices at Nashua and Dover.

It was seven years ago that Mr.

Progressive Manchester

149

ILi LJ-f

Cole's Dry Cleansing & Dyeing Co.

Cole started business and brought the
first modern machinery for dry cleans-
ing into the city of Manchester. At
that time all the methods employed
by Mr. Cole were strictly modern and
from this path of up-to-date business
methods, he has never departed. In
fact the methods of cleansing employed
by this company are so reliable and
efficient that Mr. Cole has saved the
people of this state many thousands
of dollars each year he has been in
business through his ability to ren-
ovate garments which would have
had to be discarded a few years ago,
on account of their soiled condition.
Now, no matter whether the article
be silk, satin or other fine fabric, it
can be thoroughly cleaned and spots
of grease or paint removed.

Mr. Cole says that people would be
greatly surprised to see the great
amount of dirt that collects in a suit
of clothes and further states that it is
this dirt which oftentimes rots the
garment out, rather than the w^ear on
the same. The life of an ordinary
suit or garment may be practically

doubled by keeping it cleaned and
pressed at the Cole establishment.
The modern steam presses, used here,
not only drive the dirt out, but soften
up the fabric without a chance of
scorching or burning it, while the
antiquated flat iron presses the dirt
in. The great growth of the Cole
business can be directly attributed to
the satisfactory results which are
obtained for every customer.

THE HEATH STUDIO

In its present stage of development
photography must be considered an
art. At the studio, owned and oper-
ated by Mrs. Mary E. Heath, at 864
Elm Street, the artistry of the pro-
fession has been developed to a point
which is near perfection. For this
reason Mrs. Heath numbers among
her customers the best class of people
living in the Queen City. Well
located in the business section, with
spacious reception rooms, well lighted,
roomy operating studio and modern
developing and printing rooms, the

150

The Granite Monthly

work turned out here has demanded

attention in all parts of New England.

Mrs. Heath was born in Glenburn,

Me., and on March 12, 1888, married

copalian and takes the greatest interest
in the affairs of city, state and nation.

Mrs. Mary Heath

John F. Heath, a Boston photog-
rapher, who later located in Bangor,
Me., and who had learned his
business in Manchester, England.
He had been most successful when, in
October 1902, he decided to move to
Manchester. Shortly after her mar-
riage Mrs. Heath, attracted by the
artistic side of the business, took her
place in the studio and learned the
business thoroughly under the tutel-
age of her husband. This training
stood her in good stead for shortly
after moving to Manchester her
husband died and since that time she
has conducted the business with the
greatest success. She is assisted by
Mr. Alphonse Godin, an operator of
great ability. Mrs. Heath is an Epis-

DuBOIS' TAILOR SHOP
"I don't know how it is, but Mr.
DuBois seems to always have a tip
in advance on the styles." This is
the way one satisfied customer spoke,
of the man who had made his last
two suits and it, together with his
progressive business ideas, accounts
largely for the immense success which
Mr. DuBois has had since going into
business for himself at 752 Elm Street
a little over a year ago.

Arthur J. DuBois was born only
twenty-five years ago. When a child
his parents removed to Manchester
and it was in the Queen City that he
received his early education. In 1908
he entered the tailoring business on
the selling end and, after a few years,
had become an expert cutter. In
1915 he went into business for himself,
in his present location opposite the

Arthur J. Du Bois

Merrimack Common, and has been
most successful.

He started in a small way, but today

Progressive Manchester

151

he has anywhere from six to twelve
workers busy in his establishment,
turning out a line of clothes that can-
not be excelled for style and "class."
He is particularly popular with the
young trade for he has an almost un-
canny way of anticipating the trend
of the styles in advance of their arrival.

THE PALACE STUDIO
The only photographer in Man-
chester who conducts a studio and

the business Hfe of the country. Not
only are still life pictures used
extensively in the development of all
manner of business propositions, but
the popular motion picture has en-
tered the field and is also a factor in
this important branch of photography.
Mr. Belisle never hesitates to accept a
commission to do commercial w^ork,
no matter how difficult the subject
or the conditions under which the
picture must be made, and it is this
confidence that makes him successful

Palace Studio

makes a specialty of commercial work
is Edward A. Belisle. The Palace Stu-
dio, at 51 Hanover Street, is owned and
managed by Mr. Belisle who is rapidly
developing a large business in portrait
and group work. He also does high
■class amateur finishing.

The specialty of this photographer,
however, is commercial work, and
it is in this branch of the profession
that he particularly excels. Com-
mercial photography has advanced
far beyond the experimental state,
.and has become firmly established in

in nearly every instance. Flashlight
pictures are taken by Mr. Belisle
with the finest possible results, and he
is always ready to go out on a job
whether it be night or day time.

Mr. Belisle first learned the business
of photography in the Kimball Studio
at Concord, N. H., twenty-five years
ago. He has followed the profession
intermittently since that time, al-
though he also engaged in real estate
business in Washington, D. C, for
a number of years. It is only a
comparatively short time ago that

152

The Granite Monthly

Mr. Belisle opened the Palace Studio,
and, if the business to date indicates
what is to follow, then he need have
no fears as to the future.

LOUIS, THE TAILOR
There are a large number of tailors
in Manchester, but few are better
known than "Louis," whose place of
business is located at 11 Central
Street. Louis has been in the tailor-
ing business but a few years, yet in
this comparatively short time he has
built up an immense volume of busi-
ness. He is especially popular with
the young trade, for his clothes are

patterns and colors that would suit
his fancy.

In the rear of the stock room is the
office and fitting room and here also
Louis has his cutting table, for all
the suits are cut by the proprietor
himself and this undoubtedly accounts
for the success of the business. Louis
is not only an expert cutter, but he is
also a shrewd business man, and one
who realizes full well the value of
advertising, for there are few better
advertised places in Manchester than
the shop of Louis the Tailor.

Louis' suits are always the very
latest models, his woolens are the
best the market contains, and his

View of Immense Stock Carried by "Louis, the Tailor"

always of the very latest pattern and
have a degree of "class" that few
other tailors can put into their
work.

His place of business is conveniently
located, within a few steps of the
Transfer Station, at the corner of
Elm and Central streets, and is fronted
by a large show window where one
finds the very latest patterns in
woolens displayed in an artistic
manner. Inside, one is immediately
impressed with the great amount
of stock which is carried. Long
tables and wall cases arc filled with
woolens of every conceivable color
and pattern. Even the most fasti-
dious customer could not look over
the great stock without finding many

stock probably the largest in New
Hampshire. A man can always get a
perfect fit at Louis' place, no matter
whether he be tall or short, fat or slim.
Above all one always finds "right
prices" and fair, square dealing at
the shop of Louis.

The work-room is in the basement,
and here everything is busy from
early morning until late at night. A
large force of tailors are kept employed
in order to turn out the large number
of suits that are ordered in the course
of a week. The machinery used is
of the latest pattern and everything
in the work-room is as modern and
up-to-date as the equipment of the
stock room, fitting room and office
on the first floor.

Progressive Manchester

153

Be Sure Your Garments

Bear This Emblem Tag

THE BIG FOUR,
The Big 4 Dry Cleaning Estab-
lishment at 1361 Ehn Street has
become one of the most popular es-
tablishments of this kind in Manches-
ter, for the quality of the work al-
ways insures satisfaction. The store
is affiliated with the Master Dyers
and Cleaners' Association which
means as much in this line of business

DRY CLEANERS

as the word "Sterling" does on silver.
The Big 4 is equipped with all the
latest machinery for cleaning and
dyeing in the most up-to-date and
accepted manner and the work of
the company will stand the most mi-
nute comparison with an}' other
similar establishment in the state or
elsewhere.

Hanover Street Bowling Alleys

No bowling alleys in Manchester are 145 Hanover Street. A. M. Bisson, the
more up-to-date or more popular than proprietor, also owns and manages the
the Hanover Street Bowling Alleys at Hub Alleys at 30 Concord Street.

154

The Granite Monthly

SANBERG'S ICE CREAM

One of the oldest retail and whole-
sale dealers of ice cream in the city

of Manchester is C. A. Sanberg,
at 1362 Elm Street, corner of Dean.

Mr. Sanberg, the proprietor of the
place, has been making ice cream
there for the past twelve years, and
during the period of time the busi-
ness has expanded until he whole-
sales his cream in nearly every part
of New Hampshire. He takes care
of a large retail trade, also, in a neat,
well equipped soda and ice cream
parlor, where one can also purchase
high grade candies and cigars.

The manufacturing establishment
is in the basement, and here one finds
also the latest and best sanitary equip-
ment for the wholesale manufacture
of all sorts of ices. The method Mr.
Sanberg employs has enough distinc-
tion so that Sanberg's ice cream has the
name of being a little out of the ordi-
nary. The proprietor of the business
is well known in Manchester and has
a host of friends, all of whom unite in
declaring Mr. Sanberg an ideal busi-
ness man and one bound to succeed.

known of the Queen City hotels under
the active management of the new
proprietor, Mr. Albert J. Peloquin.
The hotel, which was formerly called
"The City Hotel," has fifty large airy
rooms, is situated in the center of the
business district and has a fine dining-
room attached.

Mr. Peloquin, the new proprietor
and manager, is a well known Man-
chester young man who has been con-
nected for twenty-two years with the
retail drug business of the city and for
several years past has been deputy tax
collector. He has been in the Na-
tional Hotel since the first of last May
and already the business has shown a
decided increase.

The proprietor is well known
throughout New England as an athlete
and a promoter of various kinds of
athletic events. He is a member of
the I. 0. 0. F. and Forestiers Franco-
Americains, and is also a member of
the Joliet Club and Cercle National.
Mr. Peloquin has had just that wide

THE NATIONAL HOTEL

The new National Hotel on Elm
Street, nearly opposite the Park Thea-
tre, is rapidly becoming one of the best

Albert J. Peloquin

experience in meeting men of all classes
which should make him a most suc-
cessful hotel man.

Progressive Manchester

155

MANCHESTER IN A NUT-SHELL

The following facts concerning Man-
chester are set forth in a brief, con-
cise manner in order that one may
readily obtain interesting and im-
portant information concerning the
■Queen City of New Hampshire :
Population

The population of Manchester in
1915 was 80,000, an increase of
10,000 over the population of 1910.
The population of Hillsborough
County in 1910 was 126,072.
Railroads

Manchester is a railroad center for
the following lines: Boston & Maine,
Concord & Montreal, Concord &
Portsmouth, Manchester and North
Weare, Manchester & Lawrence, Man-
chester & Milford, Suncook Valley.
Waterways

There are no waterways for trans-
portation, but the Merrimack River,
which turns more spindles than any
other river in the world, flows di-
rectly through the city. The Pis-
cataquog and Cohas also afford con-
siderable waterpower.

Rates and Distances

Manchester is 260 miles from New
York City and 53 miles from Boston.
The railroad fare to the latter city
is $1.26; telephone and telegraph
charges, $.25.

Municipal Improvements

There are 12 miles of macadam and
stone block paved streets.

The water supply is owned by the
city, and is drawn from Massabesic
Lake. There are 140 miles of water
mains.

There are 98 miles of sewer pipes
emptying into the Merrimack River.
• The efficient fire department con-
tains 20 pieces of horse apparatus
and six motors; 181 men are employed.

Manchester took second place in the
1914-1915 competition with New
England cities for the Clean-up and
Paint-up prize given to the city show-
ing the greatest results of week's
campaign. The city is famous for

its cleanliness and lack of dilapidated
buildings.

The police department is one of the
best in New England.

There are two high schools and
31 grammar schools, all excellent
buildings, with a splendid teaching
staff. At the present time there are
over 7,000 grammar school and 1,000
high school pupils.

There are four hospitals, all efficient.
Civic Development

There are 52 churches — all denomi-
nations.

There are three daily newspapers —
the Manchester Union and Leader,
Mirror and American, VAvenir Na-
tional.

Postoffice receipts in 1915 were
$175,871.77; commercial deposits,
$58,935,952.53. In 1915, 1,148 build-
ing permits were issued; there were
6,730 telephones and 1,359 automo-
biles.

Public institutions are as follows:
Manchester Institute for the study
of arts and sciences; Carpenter Me-
morial Public Library, and the State
Industrial School.

There are 42| miles of local street
car system covering every part of the
city. There are suburban trolley lines
to all parts of the surrounding country.

There are 122 social and fraternal
orders in the city, and 20 labor unions
and associations.

Parks arid Playgrounds. Number
of parks: 13. Number of play-
grounds: 5.

Economic Conditions

Retail stores are contained in a
large central zone and in several
suburban zones.

The average insurance rate in the
business district is $1 per year and in
the residential district $.75 for five
years. Telephone rates for a busi-
ness line $51; residence line $30, and
party line $24 per annum.

A modern six-room house may be
rented for $25.

156

The Granite Monthly

Gas sells for $1 per thousand feet.

Electricity rate is from $.008 to $.12
per kilowatt hour, depending upon
the quantity used. There is a 5
per cent reduction for cash payment.
Industrial Conditions

There are four national banks:
Amoskeag, Merchants, Manchester
and First. They are all in high class
financial condition.

There are three savings banks : Hills-
borough County, Manchester and
Merrimack River.

The leading manufacturing plants
are: Amoskeag Manufacturing Com-
pany, 16,000 employes, $165,000
weekly pay-roll; W. H. McElwain
Company, '3,800 employes, $215,000
monthly pay-roll; S. A. Felton Com-
pany, 150 employes, $1,500 weekly
pay-roll; F .M. Hoyt Shoe Company,
1,200 employes, $16,000 weekly pay-
roll.

Industries: Box and Lumber Man-
ufacturers, 7 ; Carriages, 1 ; Concrete
and Cement, 2; Bobbins, Shuttles, 1
Hats, 1 ; Hosiery, 1 ; Liquors, 2
Locomotives, 1 ; Machinery, 2
Brushes, 1; Needles, 2; Paper, 1
Printers and Publishers, 3; Shoes, 5
Sporting Goods, 1 ; Textile, 4.

- The city is 18 miles from the capital
city. Concord, 18 miles from Nashua
and 41 miles from Portsmouth.

Transportation b}^ steam railroad
and trolley lines to all of these cities.
General

The Manchester tax rate for 1916
is $1.56 per hundred. There has
been a general practice in the past to
exempt new industries from taxation.

The Amoskeag Manufacturing Com-
pany has the greatest group of textile
mills under one management in the
world, where 15,500 workers reap the
benefits of the safeguarding of Ameri-
can industry. Of this number 8,500
are men and 7,000 are women. The
Stark Textile Mills employ 1,700 and
the Elliot Mills 650.

Manchester is also famous as a
shoe center. There are seven firms
and one tannery operating thirteen
factories in the city. There are

10,000 shoe operatives at work here
and the total number of men em-
ployed by the shoe factories would
greatly exceed that number as the
McElwain company alone employs
8,500 and the F. M. Hoyt Company,
1,400. There has been but one in-
stance of labor trouble in fifteen
years.

The R. G. Sullivan Cigar factory
is the largest in the world.

The Felton Brush Company is the
largest manufacturing concern of
power brushes in the world.

There are many available sites for
large or small industries and the
Manchester Publicity Association and
Chamber of Commerce stands ready
to advise and assist industries con-
sidering a location in this city.

Publicity Association

The Manchester Publicity Asso-
ciation and Chamber of Commerce is
a union of the two organizations which
are included in its present name. It
is today the sole commercial associa-
tion of the city. It possesses all the
interest and influence formerly in-
herent in both the others. The first
organization of the kind was the
Manchester Board of Trade. This
changed to the Chamber of Commerce
in 1911 which existed until the Man-
chester Publicity Association, which
organized but three years ago, took
it over and formed the present Man-
chester Publicity Association and
Chamber of Commerce.

This Association maintains offices
at 904 and 905 The Amoskeag Bank
Building, and employs a permanent
secretary.

There is a membership of 530 of the
influential men of the community.
The organization is at the present
time broadening into full industrial,
commercial, civic and agricultural
lines and expects to do things in
Manchester.

Can this Association be of any serv-
ice to parties in or out of Manches-
ter and especially to those consider-
ing Manchester as a future home, it
will be delighted at the opportunity.

HAPPINESS

By L. Adelaide Sherman

"Happiness," says Ralph Waldo
Trine, "is the natural and normal; it
is one of the concomitants of right-
eousness, which means hving in right
relation to the laws of our being and
the laws of the universe about us.
No clear-thinking man or woman can
be the apostle of despair."

If this is true, unhappiness must be
from within, not from without. Sor-
row, pain and grief, disappointment
and despair, have their origin only in
the thought of the sufferer. For hap-
piness- is man's inalienable right. It
is his heritage. He has but to stretch
forth his hand and possess himself of
it. Not the pursuit of happiness then,
is the concern of man, but the dis-
covery of the law of happiness.

Does having one's selfish desires
gratified constitute happiness? Does
health, wealth, ease, fame, or love,
even, make one truly happy? .Are
any of these things creators of joy?

Nay ; rather is it the power to appre-
ciate and understand blessings that
bring j oyand gladness, deep and lasting,
in which is embodied true happiness.

One guest in a country home slept
in an attic room, where the eastern
windows were partially shaded by a
tall, old apple-tree. She was bored,
unhappy, chscontented, although pos-
sessing youth, health and beauty.
She joined the family at a late hour in
the morning, grumbling at the dull-
ness of country life. She returned to
the city, dissatisfied with the humble
path she must follow as a laborer in a
factory. Nothing would please her.
She felt that life had somehow cheated
her.

Another came and occupied the
same room. At break of day, on a
late September morning, she stood by
the window, and watched the birds
gathering for their migratory confer-
ence. A brilliant oriole and two
robins came first. She imagined that

they might ]:>e the committee on waj'^s
and means. They chattered, tilted
and sang, and were soon joined by a
whole flock of bluebirds. These were
followed by some wax-wings and a
pair of wonderfully beautiful scarlet
tanagers. Back and forth they all
flew, now here, now gone, singing and
twittering in the exuberance of their
joy, although a long and perilous
journey was before them.

The apples were just beginning to
show streaks of red; the leaves were
still green; and away, beyond the
orchard, beyond the silver, crooning
river, and the forest of pine and fir,
the sun was painting the sky in gold
and crimson. She saw the blue line
of the distant mountains, God's altar
stairs, and her heart was exalted,
filled with gratitude to the Giver of
all these blessings. She was no longer
young; beauty she had never pos-
sessed; she was simply a working
woman in the great city; but health
was hers, the power to see and under-
stand was hers, and she was happy.
Within her own soul was the well-
spring of joy eternal.

Seek not up and down the world, O
mortal, for happiness. Weary not
thyself in following the devious paths
of learning, to find it. Enter, instead,
into the inner chamber of thy soul, and
there commune with God and Nature.

The modest flower that hides in the
moss at the foot of the giant tree ; the
singing brook that tumbles down the
side of the mountain, whose melody no
man can transfer to written notes; the
smile of the little, neglected child ; the
kindly, helping hand stretched out to
one who is struggling up the steep path
of life; the morsel thou dividest with
the outcast — in each of these is the
germ of happiness, that, like the tiny
seed of the mustard, will grow into a
great tree, if nurtured in a heart made
receptive to such divine influences.

158 The Granite Monthly

APRIL

By L. J. H. Frost

Oh, beautiful but changeful skies of April!

Ye bring to our minds a smile and a tear;
For thus our lives are either brightened or darkened

By visions of hope or phantoms of fear.

As fickle ye are as the friendships that greet us,
In the bright, golden hours of prosperity's day;

But when dark adversity's cloud overtakes us
They spread out their wings and flee far away.

Yet, beautiful skies, we cannot but love thee.
For ye tell us that winter has finished his reign;

And ye whisper of flowers and bright, golden sunshine
That will gladden our hearts and cheer us again.

Then welcome, thrice welcome, O beautiful April!

May our lives be as bright as your sunniest smile;
Our hearts be as pure as thy own spotless ether.

And filled with sweet charity, knowing no guile.

EASTER MORNING

By Lucy H. Heath

Out of that first glad Easter dawn
Came a new and wondrous light —

The Light of Life triumphant
Over the darkness of night.

Dark, dark, was that night of sorrow;

Hope died; there was naught but gloom;
Jesus said: "It is finished,"

And they laid Him in the tomb.

Angels rolled away the stone,

Death fled before His power;
Forth He came victorious.

In that early morning hour.

Hallelujah! He is risen;

Bow at His feet and adore!
Life shall triumph over death

Forever and evermore.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HON. FRANKLIN WORCESTER

Hon. Franklin Worcester, one of New
Hampshire's best, and best known, citizens,
native and long-time resident of the town of
Hollis, died at his home there, March 2, 1916.

Mr. Worcester was the son of John N. and
Sarah E. (Holden) Worcester, born October
27, 1845. His father was a prominent citizen,
a member of the executive council, under
Governors Berry and Hale, and a brother of
the famous lexicographer, Joseph E. Wor-
cester. He was educated at Appleton Acad-
emy, New Ipswich, and Dartmouth College,
graduating from the latter in 1870. Following
graduation he studied law, completing the
two years' course in the Harvard Law
School in one year, but was finally per-
suaded to relinquish the profession and en-
gage in business with his brothers, which he
did, the firm being known as Worcester
Brothers, and doing an extensive lumbering,
furniture, and cooperage business in Hollis,
and Cambridge, Mass.

He was always interested in public, polit-
ical and educational affairs; was for thirty
years a superintendent of schools or member
of the board of education in Hollis, repre-
sented his town in the legislature in 1877 and
1878, and his district in the State Senate ten
years later. He was also active in railroad
enterprise, and secured and carried out the
construction of the Brookline and Pepperell,
and Brookline and Milford roads. In 1912 he
was the Republican candidate for Governor
of New Hampshire. He was successful in
business, amassing a substantial fortune, a
considerable portion of which he bequeathed
to various charitable and educational in-
stitutions. An extended biographical sketch
of Mr. Worcester appeared in the Granite
Monthly for February, 1912.

HORACE P. HALL

Horace Powers Hall, born in Croydon,
N. H., August 5, 1827, died at Sycamore, 111.,
February 25, 1916.

He was a son of Daniel and Anna (Powers)
Hall, educated at Kimball Union Academy,
Wesleyan and Amherst Colleges, and was for
a long time a teacher in the West, previous
to the Civil War, in which he served in an In-
diana regiment. After the war he resumed
teaching in Indiana; but in 1867 was chosen
principal of schools for Sycamore, 111., and,
two years later, superintendent for Dekalb
County, in which capacity he served with
great efficiency for many years.

He was active in the work of the Methodist
Church and superintendent of the Sunday
School.

He married, in 1856, Helen M. Herrick of
Marlboro, who survives, with one daughter,
Eva Reed Hall, of Sycamore.

HERBERT INGALLS

Herbert Ingalls, a well-known fiction writer
and author of school books, a native of
Rindge, N. H., born May 9, 1834, died in
Boston, Mass., March 10, 1916. He was a
clerk in the Treasury Department at Wash-
ington for several years. From 1865 to 1868
he was cashier of the New York Internal
Revenue district. He had been treasurer of
the New Bedford division of the old Boston,
Clinton & Fitchburg Railroad and cashier of
the New Bedford Railway. Later he was
treasurer of the Framingham & Lowell
RaUroad. He retired from active business
many years ago to devote himself to literary
work.

DR. ROBERT A. BLOOD

Robert Allen Blood, M. D., born in New
London, N. H., April 30, 1839, died at Lake
Sunapee, February 21, 1916.

Doctor Blood came of a fighting ancestry,
sixteen of the family serving in the Revolu-
tion and four being killed at Bunker Hill,
while a great-uncle was killed in the Mexican
War. He was educated at the New London
Institution, now Colby Academy, and en-
listed in the Union army at the opening of
the Civil War, with a cousin who was killed
at Petersburg. He was a member of Com-
pany F, Eleventh New Hampshire Volun-
teers, was badly wounded at Frederickburg
in December, 1862, and mustered out for
disabihty the next spring. On his return
he took up his residence in Charlestown,
Mass., and attended the Harvard Medical
School, graduating, M. D., in 1870. He
practiced for a time in his native town, but
finally returned to Charlestown and located
there, attaining a leading rank in his pro-
fession.

He entered the militia under Governor
Greenhalge as medical director on the staff
of Brigadier-General Bridges with the rank
of Heutenant-colonel in May, 1895. The
following year, under Governor Wolcott, he
was made surgeon-general, which office he
held under Governor Crane and Governor
Bates. On March 19, 1904, he resigned to
take up his medical practice. He practiced
three years in Brookline, and later became
surgeon at the Soldiers' Home in Chelsea.

Doctor Blood was a Mason and an Odd Fel-
low, a charter member of the Charlestown
Club, of which he was once president; a
member of the Massachusetts Medical So-
ciety, the Society of Medical Observation
and president of the Association of Military
Surgeons of the United States, as well as
sm-geon of the Old Guard.

He is survived by his widow, a son, Robert
M. Blood, Dartmouth, '06, and a member of
the staff of the Montreal Star.

160

The Granite Monthly

HON. GEORGE M. BUTTRICK
George Marshall Buttrick, born in Rindge,
N. H., November 24, 1822, died at Everett,
Mass., March 2, 1916.

Mr. Buttrick was long a resident of Barre,
Mass., where he was extensively engaged in
the manufacture of palm leaf hats and
Shaker hoods. He was long chairman of
selectmen -and represented the town in the
Massachusetts legislature in 1855, and his
district in the State Senate in 1869 and 1870,
and was the oldest surviving ex-Senator at
the time of his decease. He was president
of the Barre Savings Bank and of the National

Bank, and of the Worcester West Agricul-
tural Society, during his residence in Barre,
from which he removed to Worcester in 1871,
later going to Boston as treasurer of the
Globe Insurance Company, and making his
residence in Everett, where he was promi-
nently connected with the First Methodist
Church. Politically he was a Republican till
1871, but afterward acted with the Prohibition
party. He served on the school board in Ever-
ett, and as a member of the common councU.
He married Miss Ann L. Stevens of Barre in
1844. She died in 1872 and in 1880 he married
Mrs. Emma J. Colcord of East Weymouth.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

The publisher has no apologies to offer for
the great delay in bringing out this issue of
the Granite Monthly, devoted in the main
to the city of Manchester, and its business
activities. He is well aware of the fact that
it is far from being as comprehensive as he had
hoped and expected to make it, but he rests
content with the reflection that the fault is
not his nor that of the representative engaged
in carrying out the work. The failure, such
as there is, comes from the fact that the ex-
pected and largely promised cooperation, on
the part of many business men of Manchester,
did not materialize. While some broad-
minded and public-spirited men, in the pro-
fessional and business circles of the city, re-
alized the advantage which would result from
the publication of such an article as was pro-
posed, and gave practical aid in its presenta-
tion, others, who would naturally be expected
to be no less interested, either refused to give
the matter consideration at the start or put
off the same from time to time and finally
refused to have anything to do with it. There
are some good men in Manchester — some of
the best in the State — who not only take
pride in their own business, but who seek to
promote the welfare and prosperity of their
city by setting forth its advantages for the
consideration of the world at large, and never
hesitate to contribute practically to that end
when opportunity offers. There are others —
and the same is true to some extent in all com-
munities — whose chief consideration is, when
any proposition is put up to them — How much
of immediate profit is there in it for me? And,
if none is promptly discernible, the matter is
dismissed at once. If the Manchester matter
in this numljer does not make as good a show-
ing for the city as had been hoped, the respon-
sibility for the failure is to be charged to men
of the last mentioned class within its limits.
To those who rendered practical aid in carry- .
ing out the work, the thanks of the publisher
are due, and are cordially tendered.

town of Greenland, observed the 95th anni-
versary of his birth, quietly at his home,
April 5. Dr. Robie entered upon his duties
as pastor at Greenland, February 25, 1852,
immediately upon ordination, and has con-
tinued ever since. He is not only the oldest
active pastor in the state — and probably in
the nation — but his has been a longer pastor-
ate than that of any other clergyman in New
Hampshire, so far as we have knowledge.
Dr. Robie was educated at Gorham (Me.)
Academy, Andover Theological Seminary,
and the University of Halle, Germany,
and engaged in teaching several years before
he commenced preaching.

The venerable Rev. Edward Robie, D. D.,
pastor of the Congregational Church in the

The Protestant churches of Peterboro—
Congregational, Methodist, Baptist and Uni-
tarian — have united in a very commendable
manifestation of the true spirit of Christian
fraternity. They are to hold union services,
once a month, in the difTerent churches al-
ternately.

The Massachusetts Legislature has enacted
a measure, authorizing the appointment by
the Governor of a commission of five members,
to present a definite plan for the Pilgrim
Tercentenary celebration, first proposed by
the New Hampshire Board of Trade, and
appropriated $25,000 for the expense of the
commission in evolving such plan. Governor
McCall has appointed Maj. T. W. Higginson,
Galen L. Stone, Frank W. Stearns, Arthur
Lord and Robert M. Burnett as members of
the commission. Report is to be made to the
legislature next January.

The centennial of the installation of Rev.
Nathan Lord, who subsequently became
President of Dartmouth College, as pastor of
the Congregational Church in Amherst, was
duly celebrated in the old Amherst church
on Sunday, May 21, when an historical ad-
dress was given by the pastor — Rev. A. W.
Remington. Dr. John K. Lord of Hanover,
a grandson of President Lord, was also a
speaker on the occasion.

''HO'ldAt^.^xy

J.ihU^

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, No. 6

JUNE, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No, 6

A NOBLE CAREER ENDED

Armenia S. White Passes to the Higher Life

On the morning of Sunday, May
7, as the congregation was assembhng
in the nearby church, named in her
own and her husband's honor, where
she had been a constant attendant
since its erection sixty years ago,
until debarred by physical disabil-
ity in the recent past, the spirit of
Armenia S. White, long known as the
"first lady of the land," so far as New
Hampshire is concerned, whatever
the civil or social rank which others
may have held, left the "tenement of
clay," which it had tenanted for
nearly a century, and passed to its
reward in the life beyond.

Strictly speaking, however, this
expression is far from accurate. The
great-souled, warm-hearted men and
women, whose lives are replete with
the blessedness which accompanies
noble service, receive large measure
of reward in the satisfaction which
comes of the consciousness of duty
done; and with all her manifold cares,
labors and responsibilities, Mrs White
reaped rich reward from day to day,
not only in this consciousness, but in
the affectionate regard of hundreds
of her fellow beings and the profound
respect of the community at large.

An extended biographical sketch of
Mrs. White appeared in the Granite
Monthly for January, 1910; but
some reference to the leading facts
and incidents of her long and event-
ful life may be regarded as pertinent
now that her life work is ended by the
sudden summons which came just
when she was supposed to be on the
way to recovery from a severe illness
of several weeks.

Mrs. White was born Armenia S.
Aldrich, daughter of John and Har-
riet (Smith) Aldrich, in Mendon,
Mass., November 1, 1817, and was a
descendant of that George Aldrich,
who came from England early in the
seventeenth century and was among
the first settlers of Milford, Mass.
His grandson, Moses, was a cele-
brated Quaker preacher of Smithfield,
R. I., and the father of Caleb, gener-
ally known as "Judge" Aldrich, who
was the grandfather of John, the
father of Mrs. White.

John Aldrich removed to Bos-
cawen, N. H., in 1830, when his
daughter was thirteen years of age.
There she resided with her parents,
until her marriage, on the nineteenth
anniversary of her birth, with Nathan-
iel White, a native of Lancaster, then
a young stage driver, twenty-five
years of age, with whom she made her
home in Concord, which was ever
after her place of abode, the residence
in which her life was mainly spent
having been first occupied by them in
1848. It then fronted on School
Street, but after the opening of Capi-
tol Street, when the State House was
remodelled, it was enlarged and im-
proved and the entrance changed
to Capitol Street. Here Nathaniel
White and wife lived throughout his
wonderfully successful business ca-
reer, closing with his death, October
2, 1880; here their family was reared,
and here Mrs. White remained, man-
aging throughout the affairs of the
large estate left in her hands, and
continuing her interest and efforts
in the various important charitable,

164 The Granite Monthly

benevolent and reform causes and motion of its interests, and the care
enterprises, in which, with her hus- of the home over which she presided
band, she had been engaged for many with the quiet dignity and grace of
years. the true American woman. Neg-
Reared in the simple, trusting lecting no domestic, social or relig-
faith of the Quakers, or "Friends," ious duty, she was, nevertheless,
based upon the overflowing love and first and foremost among the women
mercy of the Infinite, she naturally of the city and state in espousing
espoused the cause of Universalism, every important cause in the fields of
then just commanding the attention reform and philanthropy, and every
of thoughtful people in the commu- movement in which her heart was
nity, when making her choice of relig- enlisted, commanded her hearty sup-
ious affiliation in Concord, and, with port in time, money and effort,
her husband, was active in the move- To the antislavery cause, with her
ment for the organization of a society husband, she was long earnestly de-
and the establishment of regular voted, and so long as work in its
worship under that name and faith, interest was called for, it was unspar-
Fully believing as did her husband ingly rendered. The temperance re-
also, in woman's right to active par- form movement received no more
ticipation in religious as well as civil prompt or hearty support in New
affairs, it was through their infiuence Hampshire than was by them ac-
that women were admitted to mem- corded; and it was largely through
bership in this society — the first in Mrs. White's instrumentality that the
Concord to admit them. She was New Hampshire Woman's Christian
soon instrumental in the organiza- Temperance Union was organized,
tion of a woman's auxiliary, known as of which she was fittingly elected the
the Ladies' Social Aid Society, work- first president, holding the position,
ing in aid of the social and material long in an active and later in an honor-
interests of the denomination, of ary capacity, to the time of her de-
which she was chosen president, hold- parture, and never faltering in her
ing that position continually until devotion to the great cause in whose
the day of her death, though for the interest it was organized, and for
last few years debarred, on account which it has so grandly labored,
of physical disability, from the Yet, while so earnestly devoted to
performance of its active duties, emancipation and temperance, it is
Throughout her life, working con- safe to say that no cause was ever
jointly with her husband, as in other closer to her heart, and none so long
worthy causes, till his decease, and and persistently labored for, as that
in her own behalf and in his name whose object was the enfranchisement
thereafter, she gave of her time and of her own sex and the elevation of
means, labor, care and devotion, for woman to the plane of political equal-
the welfare of this church, whose ity with man. She was the pioneer of
house of worship, originally built the woman suffrage movement in
largely through their material con- New Hampshire. She was the first
tribution, and more than once re- signer of the call for the first equal
modelled and improved in good part suffrage convention in the state,
at their expense, was named, after held in Concord, in December, 1868,
Mr. White's decease, in their honor — called the meeting to order; was
the "White Memorial Church." elected the first president of the New
But,greatlyassheloved this church, Hampshire Woman Suffrage Asso-
and the principles of human brother- ciation then organized, and held that^
hood under the Divine Fatherhood, position, either in an active or honor-
for which it stands, her activities here ary capacity, while she lived, and,
were by no means limited to the pro- through all this period of nearly fifty

A Noble Career Ended

165

5'ears, has been the most consistent
and persistent advocate of the suffrage
cause in New Hampshire, giving labor
and means unsparingly in its behalf.
She was a delegate to the American
Woman Suffrage Association, organ-
ized at Cleveland, Ohio, immediately
after the New Hampshire Associa-
tion was formed, and was vice-
president of that association for New
Hampshire many years. Mainly
through her efforts, heartily supported
by Mr. White, the state legislature.

at the head of the list. To scores of
others she contributed generously
and regularly; while her individual
benefactions, her assistance to the
poor, the unfortunate and distressed
on every hand, unceasingly contin-
ued; so that, indeed, her name be-
came a synonjan for all that is kindly
and compassionate in the human
heart.

The last of all that great coterie
of woman-workers for justice and
righteousness in our land, including

The White Residence, Capitol Street White Memorial Church

in 1871, made women eligible to serve
on school committees, and, in 1878,
granted them the right of school
suffrage, before any other New Eng-
land state had accorded them such
privilege.

It would be an arduous task to
enumerate, even, all the public and
private charities, and benevolent or-
ganizations in which she was a prime
mover, and to which she was a con-
stant and liberal contributor, but
the New Hampshire Centennial
Home for the Aged, the Orphans'
Home at Franklin and the Mercy
Home at Manchester may be named

Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady
Stanton, Lucy Stone Blackwell, Mary
A. Livermore, Frances E. Willard,
Julia Ward Howe and their compeers,
Armenia S. White has at last joined
her associates on the "other shore";
but, let us fondl}^ hope and believe,
her influence for every good cause
which she espoused, for every noble
work in which she here engaged, will
be felt through the years to come,
until success is attained and victory
results.

Finally, it may be said, in all jus-
tice and truthfulness, that, with all
her labors for the good of others, for

166 The Granite Monthly

the reform of abuses, the elevation of hood — simple in her tastes, quiet and

her sex, the uplift of the community, unostentatious in manner, kindly and

the welfare of the state, the nation and courteous to all^the lowliest as well

humanity at large, she will be remem- as the most exalted — a true wife and

bered no less as a shining example of mother, and the presiding genius in a

the best type of American woman- home whose guiding star was Love.

THE TREE OF HANOVER

By David Alawen

In poet-loving Germany, the Fatherland of gem

In mine, in wit, in many a civic law, in stratagem

Of self-defence, in common sense and architecture stout, —

I went one day to see a grave that bore a name devout,

The Lotta of great Goethe's heart, his love and his despair.

The woman who in simplest task was ever the most fair,

With sane, still mind of motherhood, yet, to her wayward swain

A gentle monitor, a steadfast friend to meet his pain

With soothing of angelic hand. In that God's acre

Gray, old and steeped in centuries' memorial myrrh.

We walked, three friends and I. There, in the young May's tender green.

We came to tomb round which it seemed a mighty force had been

A solemn husbandman with an imperial disdain.

In plain drab, solid stone, dust of an aged dame had lain

Long, storm and battle-riven years. Self-ramparted it seemed.

That grim, Teutonic stone. The friends of human dust had deemed

It so, and chiseled proudly on its face: " This grave, for aye,

Unopened shall remainV And human hand in truth did stay

All violation of the human, tool-cut, curt command.

But, stronger than a curious wit or self-incited hand.

Life suddenly displayed a zeal that only life can show.

For that great force which fears no death smote her supremer blow.

Force which in soundless might sends newer aeons down through time.

Through tomb the tempest rived not, rose a woodland grace sublime, —

A young birch trembled in the breeze and wooed the wayward wing,

Flinging to right and left her charm she sang as poets sing

When, before inner vail in wisdom rapt, soul's pioneer

Is all alone and knows his God — no human ear to hear.

The young boughs drank their sun-pure draughts while, underneath, the tomb

Yawned helpless as the dust itself within its rayless gloom.

We looked, my friends and I, at the mocked words all cracked apart:

We smiled in unison at man's despised command and art.

Then one, the judge of future years but fair-haired student there

Said in his quiet way, "I see how death wakes young and fair."

O blue-eyed dreamer, from the grave lips of your scnsate youth

Let the seal rest on God's own resolute, eternal truth.

Chocorua.

SANDERS POINT

By J. M. Moses

I wonder hoAv many of the so-
journers at the Wentworth Hotel, in
Newcastle, realize the historic impor-
tance of the land just across the
bridge. It was called Sanders Point
as early as 1632, the name at first
including the peninsula to the north,
now called Blunt 's Island. For what
Sanders it was named, we do not
know. Probably for some pre-Ma-
sonian squatter, as we do not find the
name among Mason's men.

In a letter from London, December
5, 1632, John Mason and his asso-
ciates wrote Ambrose Gibbons, "You
desire to settle yourself upon Sanders
Point. The aclventurers are willing
to pleasure you not only in this, in
regard of the good report, they have
heard of you from tyme to tyme, but
also, after they have conferred with
Capt. Neale, they determyne some
further good towards you for your
further incouridgement. "

This promise was fulfilled after
Mason's death by Captain Neale, he
giving Gibbons "a certain tract of
land in Piscattaway River called
Sanders Point, lying between the
Little Harbor and Sagamore Creek;"
the amount of land to be the same
that was given to Henry Jocelyn and
others on the other side of the river.
It must have included considerable
4and at the west of Little Harbor bay.

We have the statement of Belknap
that Ambrose Gibbons went there.
Tradition has it that he was buried
there. He was assistant governor at
Portsmouth, May 25, 1640, and second
signer of the grant of the Glebe land.
In 1641 or 1642 the commissioners
from Massachusetts, according to
Belknap, confirmed Francis Williams,
Thomas Wannerton and Ambrose
Gibbons governors of Portsmouth,
they having been continued in office
by popular election.

Gibbons, however, before 1640,

became interested at Oyster River,
now Durham, w^here he obtained a
large grant of land. He removed
there before 1647, leaving his Sanders
Point property to the occupancy of
his son-in-law, Henry Sherburne.
Sherburne sold one half of Blunt's
Island in 1666.

June 5, 1643, Henry Sherburne was
commissioned by the General Court
to keep a ferry and an eating house.
As this record has sometimes been
imperfectly cjuoted, I give an exact
copy, by an expert.

"Henry Sherborne ordered by
Court to keepe a fferry & to have for
his paynes from the great house to the
great Hand 2'^ And to the Province
12"^ To Rowes 2^ to strawberry
banck 6^^ for one man And if there
come 2 or more to have 4*^ a pes to
strawberry Banck S'^ a pes to the
Province & 2^^ a pes for all the other
fferryes And tis further ordered that
he shall keepe an ordinary at 8'^
meale

And this order to continue till the
generall Court take further order"
(Deeds 1-14)

"The great house" of this record
I take to have been that of Ambrose
Gibbons. The historians have as-
sumed that it was the famous first
house, built by David Thompson at
Odiorne's Point, which Hubbard <^0\/
nified by the name of Mason H'aiLj
I followed them in my article in the
Granite Monthly of July, 1914.
As I now venture to differ with them,
I give my reasons. -^V

The fares must be supposed -t<^ave
been proportionate to the ^i^taijpes.^
The "great house" must Jpv^ h^if
about equally distant |»m New-
castle Island and "Ro\y^s,"^hich
was just north of the m(ptlvcpi Saga-
more Creek, about three tiij^s as far
from Strawberry Rank, and-six times
as far from the Maine shore. Now

168 The Granite Monthly

get the United States maps, combin- merce and fishing, not for agriculture,

ing the sheets for Dover and York, Doubtless at Durham he realized an

and measure distances. Can you find estabUshment more to his tastes and

any location that will fulfill these interests than he could have had in

conditions other than Sanders Point Portsmouth.

or Blunt's Island? The latter is We also know that an early road

almost exactly equally distant from ran southwesterly from Sanders Point.

"Rowe's" and Newcastle, three times It is still in existence, subject to gates

as far from Portsmouth city at Frame and bars. It was mentioned in a

Point, and six times as far from deed of January 1, 1667. (Deeds

Kittery. 3-4a). Have we any earlier mention

The "great house," unqualified, of a road south of Sagamore Creek?

would have meant the one built by Should not this have been called the

Chadbourne, at the corner of Court Pioneer Road, instead of that to

and Water streets. That is impos- Odiorne's Point? I suppose it was

sible in this case, because the ferry part of a route of travel as old as the

was to go to Strawberry Bank, and ferry. It was mentioned again July

because the distance from that to 13, 1774, as "the highway that goes

Maine is less than to the other points, to Sandy Beach," meaning Rye.

It was natural that the house at (Deeds 3-94a).
Odiorne's Point should have been According to tradition the road
assumed as the starting point. It down through Rye Center to North
was the first rendez-vous for Mason's Hampton follows an old Indian trail,
men, the point of departure from It follows the crest of a low ridge,
which they carried civilization up the just far enough inland to avoid
Piscataqua. The name "Rendez- swamps and creeks of obstructive
vous" clung to it for many decades, size. It was the natural route of
though the Masonian headquarters pioneer travel, and it went to Sanders
were at Chadbourne's great house, Point, not Odiorne's Point,
built about 1631. To me the fares It had a branch around the head of
allowed are conclusive against this Sagamore Creek. There was men-
location. The distances from the tion July 13, 1674, of "the highway
Thompson house to Newcastle, that goeth to the head of Sagamore
Rowe's, Frame Point and Kittery are Creek." (Deeds 3-97a). It joined
in the proportion of 2, 3, 5 and 8. the other road near the head of Sher-

Besides, Henry Sherburne must burne's Creek,

have lived where the ferry started. There was doubtless some travel up

We have no account of his Hving at the coast to Odiorne's Point. But

Odiorne's Point. We do know that that settlement evidently was not

Ambrose Gibbons had Sanders Point, maintained, after the Masonian aban-

and that Henry Sherburne had it donment, by any considerable number

after him, with a large tract on the of people. The main building was in

southwest, where he later lived. ruins in 1680. In 1656 it would seem

That Ambrose Gibbons would have as if James Johnson was the only

a house of distinction was inevitable, inhabitant. March 20, 1656, it was

As "assistant governor" he could not "granted that no man shall take

have been less than police magistrate, mony for ferryage from goodman

He had been at the head of a "great Sherbornes neck to the great Illand

house" and plantation at Berwick, except Allexand Bacheler, nor from

now broken up. Probably some of goodman Johnson." Johnson was

his employes followed him and lived the only one thought of that would

with him. Sanders Point had taken not be accommodated by the ferry

his fancy, as it has that of many from Sherburne's neck,

others. It was favorable for com- Doubtless ' Portsmouth had other

' Sanders Point 169

ferries to Newcastle and Kittery by the channel above. Sept. 24, 1661,

this time. As for connection south, Thomas Langly sold Robert Mussell

would there not have been a bridge five acres on a point "near the Little

over the dam of the Lane sawmill at Harbor's mouth," it being "between

Moses Island? the land of Walter Abbott and said

I am satisfied that the first center Mussell." (Deeds 2-61b.) Walter

of travel was at Sanders Point, with Abbott lived near the meetinghouse,

ferries in three directions, roads or (Deeds 2-93b.) The Little Harbor,

trails in two, and a "great house" by these deeds, had its "entrance" at

that furnished meals, and probably Sanders Point, its "mouth" by Frame

lodgings. Point.

The grant of the ferry t.o Batchelder Jan. 1, 1667, Samuel Sherburne sold
was within a year after the death of his inheritance from his grandfather
Ambrose Gibbons, who had be- Gibbons to his father, Henry. The
queathed his Portsmouth land, not same day Henry deeded his son-in-
to Henry Sherburne, but to Henry's law Tobias Lear land on the south side
son Samuel. Henry immediately be- of Sagamore Creek, some distance
gan buying land. Sept. 25, 1656, he west of Sanders Point. The road
bought a tract adjoining or near the ran on the southeast side of this tract.
Gibbons land on the west. Jan. 29, The second Tobias Lear lived here.
1656-7, the town granted him sixty A map of his estate may be found in
acres more adjoining this. Feb. 20, the Probate Records.
1657-8, he bought the Puddington Dec. 28, 1668, Henry deeded
farm at the Plains, which the following Blunt's Island in equal parts to Sam-
April he transferred to his brother uel Sherburne and Tobias Lear.
John, who probably sold him his Samuel probably lived there for a
house and field at the head of Sher- time, as his house there w^as mentioned
burne's Creek. Before 1660 he had in 1693. Lear's half of the island was
bought the Langdon and Sloper owned by his son Tobias as late as
farms, which he deeded later to his 1719, when it was called land adjoin-
sons-in-law of those names. ing to the Newcastle ferry.

He seems to have had title to at Jan. 29, 1677-8, Henry Sherburne
least one half of Blunt's Island as deeded Sanders Point, with twenty-
early as March 26, 1666; as on that six acres adjoining it, to his son John;
date he and wife Rebecca deeded also, to have after his father's decease,
Mark Hunking, who lived over by the his homestead farm, bounding east
old Wentworth House, "the moiety on Little Harbor Bay, south on Sher-
or one half of a point or neck of land, burne's Creek, north on Tobias Lear,
the whole containing about three and west on land he had deeded Sam-
acres more or less, which point or uel Sherburne, part of which Samuel
neck of land is situate and being subsequently deeded John. May 29,
northward of a Cove commonly known 1751, Sanders Point was part of the
by the name of Baker's Cove at or estate of John's son John, and was
near unto the entrance of the Little assigned to his daughter Hannah, who
Harbor in Piscataqua." (Deeds 6- later married Captain John Blunt.
287.) Hunking sold this back to See the map in State Papers 33-552,
Sherburne the next year, but be- which shows the location of the
queathed that year "the marsh to the Sherburne buildings.
3 acres." June 30, 1674, Samuel Sherburne

In this deed "Little Harbor" obtained the grant of the ferry "in

means the more sheltered waters Little Harbor from Bacheler's poynt

north of Little Harbor Bay. Many to Sanders poynt, " the .court allowing

other deeds use the name not only him " two pence for a single person &

for the bay, but quite as often for 4^ a horse for their transportacion from

170 The Granite Monthly

from side to side," and enjoining him Of the points named, I suppose

"to make a sufficient boate for the Waif ord's Island was Great Island, or

use." (Deeds 5-4.) He died in Newcastle, where Thomas Walford

1691. It seems that by 1693 the first settled. Mr. Hilton's house, I

ferry had come to be operated from take to have been that kept by Wil-

Blunt's Island, instead of from San- liam Hilton at Kittery Point. See

ders Point, as authorized. This Old Kittery pp. 47-49. Henry Sher-

change was legalized Dec. 5, 1693. burne was probably- living near the

See the History of Rye, page 73, where mouth of Sherburne's Creek, where he

the court record is quoted :" Whereas was in 1677-8. See N. H. Geneal-

the Ferry over to Great Island from ogical Record, Vol, 1, page 4, where

Sanders Point was granted to Capt. a Portsmouth record is quoted, dated

Samuel Sherburne, which is not found March 4, 1646:

so convenient as where it is now kept, "It was granted that John Sher-

where the bridge was made over; the born should have a hou[se lot?] And

■Court granted Mrs. Love Sherburne apportenances belonging thereunto

the privilege, Provided she keep a at the head of [the creek?] betwene

sufficient Bridge on the piece of william Sevy and Henry Sherborn."

marsh near their house where it is Supposing that James Johnson was

now passable for horse and man." at the northwest corner of the Odiorne

The author thinks the bridge that Point peninsula, the distances from

was " made oi;er " was the same as the his landing to Henry Sherburne's,

Ijridge that was '^on the piece of Newcastle, and Kittery Point would

marsh." To me it would read more be roughly in proportion to the fares

natural if I could suppose a bridge had allowed, also to Strawberry Bank if

l)een made over to Newcastle, which the voyage went around to the "great

bridge did not then exist, but whose house." Some long haul principle

abutments were convenient landing must have been applied to the rate to

places for the ferry. However that Dover, unless Newington would an-

may have been, a bridge was later swer for Dover.

built from Blunt's Island to the point Was Henry Sherburne living in
opposite, and the route of travel was 1666 where he was in 1646 and 1678?
across the piece of marsh between Nov. 15, 1666, Thomas Walford
Blunt's Island and Sanders Point. directed in his will that he should be
buried "in the burying place neare

Since writing the above I have made mr Henry Shirburns." Here was a

some research on the history of the burying place near Henry Sherburne's,

Odiorne's Point peninsula after the where others than the Sherburnes

Masonian abandonment. claimed rights to be buried. Was it

There was a ferry from Odiorne's not here that Ambrose Gibbons was

Point granted Oct. 6, 1649, if I have buried, rather than at Sanders Point?

the right understanding of the fol- And why not many others?

lowing court record, which I give as James Johnson was mentioned in

copied by an expert. It is in Deeds, 1643 and onward, having lawsuits

Vol. 1, page 67. with Valentine Hill, Francis Champer-

" James Johnson is alowed to have nowne, John Pickering and a Thomas

to ferrie one man to dover ii^ yf more Johnson. He may have lived near the

then one then xvi'^ each and to straw- Rollins Station in Newington, as he

berie banke for one man i^ yf more acknowledged Oct. 2, 1651, that he

then 8^ each and to m"^ hiltons howse had "sold unto James Rawlyns his

for one person i^ yi more than S'^ each house & land upon the longe Reache. "

and to walfords Islande ii"^ for one He was selectman in 1656, and one of

person & to henrye sherbournes i<^ yf the largest subscribers for preaching

more then halfe so much." in 1658. He was on Odiorne's Point

Sanders Point 171

in 1661, apparently in intimate rela- 1653 have grants to "Mr. Mason's

tions with George Wallis, as the land house," (N. H. Gen. Record 1-9 and

committee gave them their land allot- 2-24), as also to " Mr. Leader's house."

ment together. His son-in-law John It seems that Richard Leader at this

Odiorne was probably there by that time had the "great house," of Court

time, and remained'there. and Water streets. Did not Joseph

Johnson removed to Great Island Mason have the David Thompson

after deeding George Wallis his home- house? He was at Portsmouth 1656-

stead, described as follows: "all the 1663, a subscriber for preaching in

upland and meadow, salt & fresh at 1658, a sharer in the land allotment

Sandy Beach, together with his dwell- of 1661. July 21, 1668, Joseph Mason

ing house, barns, stables or other out late of Portsmouth, for 207 pounds, 10

housen, wherein the said James & shillings, and good causes, deeded

Mary now liveth, situate & being on (Deeds 3-35) to James Rennell

the South West side of the Little (Randall) of the same place, carpen-

Harbor in Piscataqua river, aforesaid." ter, "all that my dwelling house

(Deeds 2-45b.) situate lying & being in the Little

What became of the first house on harbor within pascattaquack, afore-

Odiorne's Point, built by David said, together with all houses, edifices

Thompson? Did not Joseph Mason, & buildings whatsoever to the said

kinsman of John Mason and agent for dwelling house belonging, & all gar-

his estate, take possession of it in 1652, dens, orchards, marshes, arable lands,

and sell it in 1668 to James Randall? feeding commons, and commons of

Joseph Mason was in London, pasture, trees, wood and woods,

March 3, 1650, at John Mason's house easments, . . . commodities, ad-

where a part of John Mason's will vantages," etc. "to the said dwelling

was shown him, and he received a house, lands, marshes & premises be-

letter of attorney from Ann Mason, longing." " The commonage here in-

John's widow and administratrix, tended' is for feeding of cattle and for

commissioning him "to manage her firewood for his own use & the use of

estate in New England, " "& as well his heirs & assigns, and to reach as far

for the disposing of all such lands to from the said dweUing house as to the

her belonging," etc. (State Papers Sandy beach, commonly so called, &

32-12. Deeds 2-54b.) He was in about a mile and a half from the same,

Boston in May, 1652, testifying before & in the Division that doth or may

Governor Endicott. belong to Mr. Robert Mason, heir of

Portsmouth land grants in 1652 and Capt. John Mason, deceased. "

CONTENTMENT

By Edward H. Richards

Why should I sit me down and cry
And sigh for things I cannot buy

For those I love;
Forgetful of the priceless joys
Of life and home, with girls and boys.

Gifts from above.

Nay, let me tell them o'er and o'er;
Each tally shows me, more and more,

These blessings fine;
And, lo, my tears are turned to smiles!
Away with greed and show and styles, —

The world is mine!

AN IMPORTANT HISTORICAL DOCUMENT

By Rev. Everett S. Stackpole

Few writers of local history and
genealogies of New Hampshire know
what a wealth of material may be
found in the court files, that have
been carefully and laboriously in-
dexed in the office of the Secretary of
State. They fill fifty-six large draw-
ers. The card index gives the names
of plaintiff and defendant in each case
and a hint as to what may be found
in each folder, such as writs, deeds,
wills, depositions, accounts, town
grants, etc. The depositions are of
special value to genealogists, often
giving age of the deponent and inci-
dentally mentioning relationships that
cannot elsewhere be ascertained.
Many items of historical value can
be gathered here. It takes time and
patience to search among these rec-
ords, but perseverance usually brings
reward.

In No. 17795 a discovery has been
made of an indenture, or deed of gift,
in which the first Capt. Thomas
Wiggin conveyed to the town of
Exeter a large tract of land. This
conveyance is the legal basis of the
ownership of many farms in Exeter.
Its date is 1639, the next year after
Exeter was settled, and I know not
of any older conveyance of land in
New Hampshire, except royal grants
and deeds from Indian chiefs. The
land conveyed was three quarters of
a mile in length, on the east side of
Squamscot River, reaching from Exe-
ter Falls to Wheelwright's Brook, and
extending from the river three miles
to the Hampton line. Ever since 1710
this document has been hid away in a
bundle of papers pertaining to a law-
suit in the case of Capt. Joseph
Smith of Hampton versus a Mr.
Wadleigh of Exeter. So far as can
now be learned it was never recorded.
It is clearly written and bears the
seals of the three "Rulers" of Exeter.
It is alluded to in the records of

Exeter, in the year 1656, as "Captan
Wiggins deede of gift" but Governor
Charles H. Bell, in his History of
Exeter, indicates that he had no
knowledge of the original conveyance.
The town in 1656 sought a confirma-
tion of it from the General Court of
Massachusetts. The document is as
follows :

This Indenter Made the first day of the 2d
month (April) in the yeare of Our Lord God
1639 Betweene Thomas Wiggins of Pascatiqua
in New England Gent sole agent and deputie
for the right hono''' William Viscount Saye
and Seale and Robert Lord Brooke Sir Arthur
Hasellricke Kn* and Baronett Sir Arthur
[Richard written above it] Saltingstone Kn'
and certaine other Gents of the Kingdome of
England Lords and owners of the plantation
of Pascatiqua in New England and also Lords
and Owners of all that tract of Land leying or
being on the south side of the river called
Pascatiqua from the sea unto the fall of the
said river and three miles in the Maine Land
from the said river (except six thousand acres
of the said tract of Land leying and being
towards the sea) of the one p*" and Captain
Richard Morris, Necholas Needam Isaac
Grosse Rulers of the Towne of Exeter for and
in the behalfe of the said Towne of the other
p*^ Witnesseth that the said Thomas Wiggins
for good causes and considerations him there-
unto especially moveing hath given granted
and confirmed and by these presents doth
give grant and confinne unto the said Richard
Morris Nicholas Needam Isaac Grosse their
heires or assignes forever all that p*'= or parcell
of the said tract of Land from y<^ said fall
towards the sea unto the mouth of a certaine
creeke on such side whereof theire Lyeth little
narrowe plats of Mash Ground W^ have
beene for two years last past in the occupa-
tion of John Wheelwright Pastore of the
Church of Exeter being by estimation from
the fall of the said river unto the said Creeke
3 quarters of a mile or thereabouts bee it
more or lesse, and from the said River into
the maine Lands three Miles and also all and
singular woods under woods and Trees grow-

An Important Historical Document

173

ing or being in or upon the same premises
herby given and granted, w*'' all p'sells com-
modityes advantages and hereditam*^ belong-
ing or appertaining unto the said p'mises
herby given granted & confirmed or to any
p*«= thereof, except and alwaies received [sic]
ijnto the said Thomas Wiggins, and the said
Lords and owners of y" said p'mises before
specified and mentioned theire heires and
assignes agents and deputies and every of
them free liberty to take fish at or about the
said fall of the said River p'portionally ac-
cording to that right W^ belongs unto them
to have or to hold the said p'^ or p'cell of Land
w*'' all p'fitts comodities and hereditam*^
before in these p'sents given granted and
confirmed (except before excepted) unto the
said Richard Morris, Nicholas Needam Isaac
Grosse, theire heires and assignes for ever, to
use of the said Towne of Exeter for ever more;
yielding and paying yearly unto the said
Thomas Wiggins and the said Lords and
owners aforesaid theire heires and assignes
for every hundred acres of Lands vf^^ shall
bee converted into use 2^ Stearling Money
being lawfully demanded p'vided alwaies and
upon condition y* they the said Richard
Morris Nicholas Needam Isaac Grosse theire
heires and assignes shall doe theire best
■endeavor to defend and maintain the right
and interest of the said Lords and owners
theire heires and assignes agents and deputies
of and in the said tract of Land before
specified and menconed against all invaders
and intruders seditious practices or any that
shall doe them violence or violate there right,
w'^'' if they or any of them shall refuse or
neglect to doe, that then they or any of them
refusing or neglecting soe to doe shall forfeite
theire Right or estates given granted and
confirmed as afore"**. And the said Thomas
Wiggins for himselfe and for the said Lords
and owners aforesaid theire heires and as-
signes doth p'mise grant and agree that hee
the said Thomas Wiggins and the said Lords
^and owners afore^"* shall doe theire best en-
deavor to defend and maintaine the right
and title of the said Richard Morris Nicholas
Needam Isaac Grosse, their heires and as-
signes of and in the said p*<= of the said tract
of Land by these p'sents given and granted
against all intruders invaders seditious prac-
tices or any that shall doe them violence or
violate theire right given and granted as

afore^**, w"*" if the said Lords and owners theire
agents and deputies shall refuse or neglect
soe to doe That then the said Richard Morris
Nicholas Needam Isaac Grosse theire heires
or assignes shall bee fi-ee from the said p'miss
and condition afore'"*. In witness whereof the
p*'<=" to these p'sents have interchangeablie
sette theire hands & seales the daye and yeare
first above written

Richard
Sealed and delivered in Moris (seal)

the
p'sence of

John Whelwright Nicholas

George Smyth Needham (seal)

lenaord morres

I^ Grosse (seal)

A few words about the persons
named in this document may be of
interest.

Sir Arthur Haselrigge, as he signed
his name to a letter, was one of Oliver
Cromwell's officers and had charge of
the prisoners captured at the battle
of Dunbar in 1650. Some of those
Scotch prisoners helped to colonize
Dover and Exeter.

Sir Richard Saltingstone is better
known as Sir Richard Saltonstall, who
came over with Governor Winthrop
in 1630 and lived for a while at Water-
town, Mass. He returned to England
and died there, although some of his
children remained in Massachusetts.

Richard Morris, one of the "rulers,"
or selectmen, of Exeter, also came
with Winthrop. He had command of
Castle Island in 1637. Probably he
went to Portsmouth, R. I., in 1643
and was Hving there in 1655.

Nicholas Needham was of Boston in
1638 and perhaps went to Wells, Me.,
with John Wheelwright. His name is
perpetuated in "Needham's Point,"
in Durham, on the north shore of
Great Bay.

Isaac Grosse was in Boston in 1635.
He returned from Exeter to Boston
and died there in 1649.

George Smyth was for several years
recorder of deeds in the province.
His handwriting and signature appear
often in the early records. The above

174 The Granite Monthly

is the earliest mention of him. Later Wheelwright and some of his brethren

he was of Dover. He disappeared in went to Wells, Me., and established

1653. He was one of the judges of a new settlement there. He later

the early courts. became reconciled with the Massa-

John Wheelwright here signed his chusetts government and served as

name with one "e" in it, and so also pastor of the churches at Hampton

it appears in his signature to the and Salisbury.

Exeter Combination. As a graduate Observe that Pascatiqua was the
of the University of Cambridge, tng., name of the river from Exeter Falls
he certainly knew how to spell his to the sea, running through Great
name, yet all his descendants spell the Bay and Little Bay and between
surname Wheelwright. He had been Hilton's Point on Dover Neck and
vicar of Bilsby, co. Lincoln, 1623-32, Bloody Point in what is now Newing-
and came to Boston in 1636. He was ton, and so on past Strawberry Bank,
closely related by family ties to Ann now Portsmouth. It would seem as
Hutchinson and sympathized with her though Squamscot was the Indian
in her peculiar religious views, preach- name of the fresh water of Exeter
ing what was regarded as unorthodox River, above the Falls. Some have
doctrine in his pulpit at Mount Wol- argued that the Pascatiqua extended
laston, Mass. Therefore the Puritan up to South Berwick, then called
rulers at Boston ordered him to leave Quamphegan, but that river from
the colony within two weeks, and he Hilton's Point up to Salmon Falls
came down to Exeter, then regarded was called the Newichawannock. Let
as outside the jurisdiction of Massa- the old Indian names be preserved!
chusetts, late in 1637, built him a Notice, too, the spelling of the Pas-
cabin and spent the winter on the catiqua corrupted by some into
bank of the Squamscot River, near Piscatiqua. The first, I am told,
the mouth of a creek, afterwards conforms to the Indian language,
called Wheelwright's Creek. The On the land conveyed by Thomas
above Indenture, dated the first day Wiggins the town of Exeter built a
of the second month, 1639, states house, perhaps intended for a Bound
that Wheelwright had been in posses- House, to mark the limits between
sion of land in Exeter two years. Hampton and Exeter. The house
This fixes the time of his coming and decayed and long afterward contro-
ls another evidence that the so-called versy arose concerning the right of
Wheelwright Deed of 1629 is a forgery. Hampton, or of Exeter, to grant land
Notice, too, that the Indenture is in the eastern portion of this tract,
dated three months before the well- Hence the lawsuit and the preserva-
known Exeter Combination, which tion in hiding of this ancient docu-
was dated the fifth day of the fourth ment, now for the first time brought
month, 1639. So there was a town to light.

organization and rulers, or selectmen, The right of taking fish at the Falls

chosen before any formal combina- was a common right and reserved to

tion. Wheelwright brought some of the grantor. All the water powers,

his church members from Bilsby and too, of ancient Exeter and Dover

Mount Wollaston in 1638, and prob- were held to be the common property

ably the first thing they did after of the towns and were rented for the

arriving in Exeter was to organize support of the minister, at least in

themselves into a body politic and Dover. So it should have remained

come to some mutual understanding, throughout the country. Private

In 1642 New Hampshire, or the monopolists have seized the people's

Plantation of Pascataqua, as it was property, by due process of law, of

first called, came under the jurisdic- course, but who made the accommo-

tion of Massachusetts and, therefore, dating law?

Nature's Teachings 175

Notice, too, that the land' was not tenants, but the rent was never de-

absohitely given away. There was manded, so far as is known. The

to be a 3'early rent, if demanded, of grantees were to defend the right and

two pounds sterhng for every hundred interest of the owners of this tract of

acres converted into use. The culti- land. They were planning for ab-

vators of the land were regarded as sentee landlordism, as in Ireland.

NATURE'S TEACHINGS

By Hannah B. Merriani

From the forge of guilt comes the chain of crime,
With its links of iron, its rust and grime,
Blacking and dragging the soul till it falls,
Broken and crushed 'neath its own ruined walls.

The links which form the golden chain to bind
Holy of holies, temple of the mind,
From nature come; while we o'er volumes pore
Her gifts, unheeded, wait at every door.

Through halls of knowledge, vast and high, we search
To find the key which gives us state and church,
But when we seek the key which gives us soul
Nature her boundless volume must unroll.

Then mists of crime shall fade, grief's vision clear,
The soul in joy arrayed, without a fear.
Shall trustingly on nature's arm find rest.
With her great Central-light its guide and guest.

SPRING-TIDE

By L. Adelaide Sherman

'Tis spring, how beautiful!
The azure-curtained dome is tremulant
With light and life; the sunbeams fall aslant
The budding trees; earth leaps enraptured forth
To greet the south, long prisoned by the north.
'Tis spring, how beautiful!

The mossy rocks and velvet sward grow green;
Above the brooks the pussy-willows lean.
The gardens glow with snow-drops, glistening white,
And hyacinths, a dazzling flood of light.
'Tis spring, how beautiful!

I feel new currents through my being dart,
And new emotions kindle in my heart;
So, like the snow-drop, may my life unfold
And show the world its hidden wealth of gold.
'Tis spring, how beautiful!

THE MILLET APPLE TREE

By Lydia A. Stevens

Until within a few years, a very a tract of land, established salt works,
old apple tree stood on the premises and took part in shaping colonial
of Henry Coleman at Dover Neck, in legislation. Some legend, too, there
the historic locality of the first per- is that he had an intellectual appe-
manent settlement of New Hampshire, tite, whose cravings were fed on the
Though broken and distorted, it contents of a choice selection of books,
bore fruit in 1912, of palatable qual- the first library in Dover, And the
ity. story goes that he loved adornment;
Years ago the trunk had rotted sported a silver-handled sword, shoe
away so that two persons might walk and knee-buckles; was affected and
into the cavity. The living walls owned slaves. Such display was a
were only a few inches thick. All prodigious novelty in the settlement.
over whatever bark showed there was With his household goods and other
a myriad of blotches and scabs, movable property came the tree.
The main body was about seven feet It has ever since been known as ''The
in height, surmounted by a single Millet Apple Tree."
fruit-bearing branch. The accom- Ten years ago a descendant of
panying picture was taken in 1904, Hilton and a descendant of Millet —
Now nothing remains except the two women of exceptional ability —
scraggy stump, joined breezily in a newspaper debate
About this venerable tree many as to which legend deserved the great-
memories and traditions have gath- er credit. It is not my intention to
ered. One is to the effect that, be- weigh the evidence submitted. There
fore pastures and tillage, roads, is still another moss-grown story con-
houses and farms appeared on Dover nected with the tree. It has the
Neck, the tree came oversea in a tub, interest which belongs to romance as
voyaging with the first ship-load of well as to local history,
immigrants in the spring of 1623, or "Nicklas" Harfutt's pretty daugh-
it was sent from Edward Hilton's ter. Patience, was much admired by
English home at a later date. The the young men of the settlement,
story lacks detail, but undoubtedly Her parents were eager to wed her to
"has passed from one person and one a man of property. But the girl
generation to another. There are favored John Hathorne, a newcomer
no insurmountable objections to this from Massachusetts, He was a fine
claim. However, it has never borne upstanding youth, already popular
the name of the first patentee, and promising. But alas! he had
More circumstantially presented, ' neither land or money. As may be
another family tradition declares that supposed, the penniless one met with
many years ago, when New Hamp- no parental encouragement. Indeed,
shire was a small settlement, there his suit was scornfully rejected and
came from England to Dover Neck further visits forbidden. The lovers,
a man of some wealth and considerable however, were too ardent to be sep-
ability, Capt. Thomas Millet. Read- arated thus, and, through the medium
ers who are familiar with the ancient of an old servant woman, who was
records Avill recognize the name. He devotedly attached to the girl, they
was a veritable personage. The peo- obtained a parting interview,
pie had confidence in him, and he was In the late twilight Patience stole
elected frequently to positions of out to the trysting-place. There she
trust and importance. He acquired waited the arrival of her lover, while

The Millet Apple Tree

111

her attendant kept nearby, ready to
give the alarm agreed upon. Sudden-
ly a tall figure came close to where the
waiting maiden stood. The greet-
ings will be omitted. Matters of
such sort have not changed, nor will
while love rules the world.

He spoke low and rapidly, telling
her that as her parents objected to
him on the ground of his poverty, he
had determined to win wealth; that
an old Indian, bound to him by ties
of gratitude, possessed knowledge of a
rich fur country far away among the
mountains, to which he had prom-
ised to guide him; and by courage
and management he hoped soon to
return and claim her hand from her
ambitious and avaricious parents.

"Remain true to me and resist
their scheming. Wait for two j^ears,
and if at the end of that time you do
not hear from me, know that I have
perished in the attempt to win you."

He then gave her a wild apple
shrub, saying that so long as it lived
she might know that he loved and
was true to her. Patience's first act
in the morning was to plant the little
tree as directed. Many prayers and
tears for the success and safety of
her lover accompanied this act.

The hours and days dragged along,
but the little bush grew and flour-
ished with wonderful luxuriance, and
gladdened the heart of the girl. It
helped her to bear the burden of
anxiety and suspense. But a new
trial developed. Her father and
mother found, as they thought, a
suitable companion for their daughter
in the person of a forehanded fisher-
man, who promised them a liberal
consideration for her hand. This
man possessed much unincumbered
estate, and his position in the colony
was satisfactory and well established.
Patience's violent opposition, how-
ever, while it did not move them to
renounce their purpose, induced them
to postpone the marriage in the hope
she would forget her former lover,
and become more reconciled to their
will.

In the respite thus gained, the
time for Hathorne's return would ex-
pire. Meanwhile, Patience prayed
daily for the arrival of her betrothed,
with the fortune that was to find him
favor in the minds of her parents.
The two years were rapidly drawing to
a close, and yet no sign or token had
come save what she found in the
vigorous growth of her cherished tree.
During all the waiting period it was
the very breath of her life.

At length the old couple, pressed
with debts and weary of the pro-
longed indulgence to what they con-
sidered an idle fancy, fixed the wed-
ding day. The eve of this day was
the second anniversary of the parting,
when John Hathorne told Patience
that if he did not return within two
years, she might know he was dead.
She had crept away from the scene of
busy preparation to her beloved tree.
There she prayed that she might
be taken away to the spirit world,
where she believed her lover to be.
Approaching footsteps aroused her
attention. A familiar voice greeted
her ears and staj-ed her flight. Trem-
bhng she waited the outcome. It
was, indeed, John Hathorne, bringing
a fortune equal to that of his rival.

With faith in his love and confident
of success, he had followed the Indian
across wide areas into the heart of the
unexplored north, where he proved
the honest}^ of his guide and the
truth of his promises, coming upon a
marvelous abundance of fur-bearing
animals.

All other things being equal, the
parents consented that their daughter
might choose between the suitors,
and the next day, instead of being led
to the altar a wretched sacrifice to
their greed, she went as the willing
bride of the man she loved.

Years passed away, as did the com-
munity of that day. Generations
followed in due order. Good and bad
fortune alternated. Blessings came
and went. Decay was relentless.
But strange to say, the faithful tree
lived on.

178 The Granite Monthly

Its fruit proved superior in flavor it was coeval with the sailing of Hil-
to that of others, the choicest in the ton's ship. Very likely, in its neigh-
town. By some chance of nature, borhood men voiced their thoughts
because the soil was suited to it, or concerning the 1640 "Combination
from causes unknown, it bore a new at Pascataqua." Children, who grew
variety of excellence, full of savori- up to serve in the Colonial wars,
ness and fresh delight. And as time sucked its fruit with greed}^ lips. It
marched farther along, it turned out shook its blossoms down on the Dover
to be the best stock to transmit Neck men, who marched with Cap-
the prized qualities of distant fa- tain Waldron to Bunker Hill. And
vorites. when peace and tranquility came,

It withstood the violence of sea perhaps there was a richer response
winds and inland gales. It worked its in the tumult of its sap. Doubtless,
own will. Each spring it braced itself when old and scarred, it could count
for another struggle, demanding its up other love-making and bruising of
right to live. Seemingly, it had the hearts, but the record is not clear,
power of healing its wounds and sup- Till its death, when the spring or
plying its losses. What it saw it autumn winds sprung up, it is said
never disclosed. But of this we may that a descendant of the girl who
rest assured: two years ago it was the planted the tree could hear the love-
oldest living thing in Dover. Maybe song it had crooned for centuries.

THE GOSSIP OF ROBIN

Bij M. E. Nella

" Daffy-down-dilly, I'm here, I'm here.
Where are you hiding? I'm calling you, dear.
The pussy willows, all grey and pink.
Have begun to turn fuzzy, down by the brink
Of the small mill pond, where the alders gleam red."
To Miss Daffy's shy greeting, bold robin then said:
"I'm going to build a new nest, this spring,
In that large crooked willow; we think it the thing,
For the view is superb — a fine neighborhood, too,
Besides, I can frequently visit with you;

And the tanager, bluebird, and young chick-a-dee,
Intend to reside in this knarred old tree.

"There'll be food, and water, and music at hand.
For the hum of the bees is as good as a band ;

They always make merry wherever they go;

And in summer this mill pond will l)e white as snow,
From its margin to center sweet pond lilies grow,
Cov'ring the water which ripples below."

"I'm glad of your news," cried Miss Daffy in glee,
While in ccstacy quivered the old willow tree.

^^NORTH OF BOSTON"

'- A Book of New Hampshire Poems Recently Published

North of Boston lies New Hamp- noted the pubhcation, in London,

shire. This fact we know and so at of this book of poems and, what was

the outset can, with some certainty, more significant, the enthusiastic

hiy claim to the geographical location praise of the contents by certain

of the poems which Mr. Robert English reviews, little given to the

Frost has written and included in the habit of marking out for extended

volume bearing this significant title, mention, the work of an unknown and

It takes, however, but a brief reading unsponsored American. This rather

of these poems to show that New unusual event, combined with the

Hampshire is the situation of their local setting of the poems, as indi-

themes; the New Hampshire of the cated by their title, quickly brought

small town, of the village lying snug- the book to the attention of American,

gly in the winding river valley; and and particularly Boston, critics and

the farm, clinging in its isolation to reviewers,

the rocky hillside. The estimates of our own literary

The men and women who people judges were even more favorable

the pages of this book are also of the than those of their English cousins,

Granite State. Drive two miles and "North of Boston" became the

through any part of the country dis- literary sensation of the season. Since

tricts and you will see their counter- that time it has attained a firmly

part. If you stop and talk with placed and widespread popularity

them a moment you will not fail that has shown no signs of waning,

to hear similar phrases used, and feel The brief history of this book is

that behind the spoken words, lie the matched by the comparatively few

thoughts and mental outlook which facts which are available regarding

Mr. Frost has taken and so firmly the author himself. Although we

imprinted in his poems. know that he lives with his family in

It really matters very little if these a small frame farmhouse, a few

characteristics are not common to miles from Franconia; yet the man,

our state alone, and, in any event, his personality and theories (he would

does not prevent a friendly appro- not, we think, call them theories)

priation of the man and his book. have escaped that publicity and ex-

The fact that Mr. Frost is now ploitation which marked success al-

living in New Hampshire, or to be most invariably brings. As time

more specific, Franconia, and that goes on, and as other poems come to

he has spent the greater part of his increase the two slender volumes

life in this state, cannot help but which now represent his published

increase local interest in his achieve- work, we will undoubtedly know

ments. We may be justified in more that we do now, regarding this

taking a certain pride in the thought New Hampshire poet. For the pres-

that this man, who has so quickly ent we must be content with the

risen to the high rank among modern material which Mr. Frost has given

American poets, which he now occu- us. After all, we cannot but respect

pies, has a real relation to New his evident desire to let his poems

Hampshire. alone speak for him.

"North of Boston" came to us of The poetry of Robert Frost, as

America by a roundabout route, given us in "North of Boston," and

About two years ago our critics the less pretentious volume, "A Boy's

180 ^ The Granite Monthly

Will," which was published slightly only within the four walls of a house

before the first named book was issued, to see there episodes which brick and

is distinctly a product of -what has wood shut from actual sight; but,

been termed the "Renaissance of also, deep into the minds and hearts

American Poetry"; the recent re- of men, that we"may feel the impulses

awakening of poetic endeavor that which promote action and even

has been sleeping for so many years, thought itself.

The past five years have brought to Those who may read the poem,

the front a new company of poets "Home Burial," will find for them-

whose work, today, constitutes what selves the almost supernatural ability

is, perhaps, the most distinctly Amer- which Mr. Frost displays, in quietly

ican literature which this country has opening wdde the doors which com-

yet produced. monly veil the innermost working of

There is no doubt but that " North a mind ; in this instance a mind clouded

of Boston" is a product of American by intense feeling and emotion. The

soil. The themes with which it deals, picture which this short poem pre-

and particularly the method in sents is not pleasant, and, like nearly

which they are handled, are strongly all of his work, it will not appeal to

representative of a new, and not an those timid persons who are afraid to

old world attitude. While we still look beyond the superficialities of

have a contemplation of things which human existence, yet with simple

are universal and of all time, yet they truth it tells of a tragedy which is as

are placed before us in a new light old as mankind.

and turned at a new angle. Even There is happiness as well as sad-

the more technical matter of verse ness in these poems, because both are

construction, reflects this change, a part of life; the one no greater than

or at least changing, method. the other. The happiness is never

The poems contained in "North of detached, however, from actual, every
Boston" represent, and are chiefly day living. There is none of that
concerned with, the characters of wild unearthly ecstacy which is such
men and women. They treat of a favorite subject of the old poets,
everyday people, and you will find and particularly those with little
them to be mostly farmers; the men real gift, but in its place there is
who are at work in our New Hamp- shown the happiness which lies in
shire fields and the women who are the common task, the quiet joys of
their wives, and the bearers of our the common man, whom we know
New Hampshire children. There are because he is one of ourselves.
no verses commemorating national The two rhymed verses of four
occasions, no sonnets which treat of lines each, which come in the book
abstract thought, no preaching, no before the table of contents, and so
forcing of theories, but into each line serve as an introduction are charac-
and sentence that Mr. Frost has here teristic of this- conception and treat-
written, there is packed — life. ment just mentioned. We find after

Life, is the outstanding element in a single reading, that they run through

these poems. It is as if the author our mind like a melody, until we wish

has closed his eyes to all else, and that they might be sung to actual

had then written with single purpose, music.

and that to impress upon the reader Only two of the poems which this

certain phases of everyday living, book contains, have been specifically

as it comes to the everyday man and mentioned. The remaining fourteen

woman. We are not given visions vary in subject and treatment, but

of what might be, or what used to be, not in interest, for, with but minor

but present day realities. We are exceptions, they are of sustained

allowed to look for the moment, not excellence and worth. Each indi-

In a Pasture

181

vidual reader will, of course, find in
some of them more force and truth
than in others; yet we do not believe
it possible to take the book in hand
with serious purpose,, without ob-
taining a new, or at least a clearer,
insight into the lives of those men
and women about us.

We have every confidence that Mr.
Frost will excel the splendid work
which he has already accomplished;
but if not, we will always be fortunate
in having this impressive and sym-
pathetic picture of New Hampshire
country life that "North of Boston"
contains. D. 0.

IN A PASTURE

By Fred Myron Colby

We have always pitied those un-
fortunates who have only learned to
love the country when they have
found leisure to make holiday late
in life. They miss the lingering
fragrance of those bright, early as-
sociations, which are revived by
sights and sounds and scents to the
country bred boy who has passed a
busy working time in cities, or
abroad. To him the cawing of the
crows or the call of the cuckoo, the
first violets of the spring, or the
fragrance from the fresh hayfields,
will bring back a rush of happy
memories. Oh, ye country , bred
youths who murmur at your lot, to
you will come the time when you will
look back upon the experiences of this
early time and thank God that the
grass sprouted green for you and the
birds sang, and the rivulets murmured
their dulcet rhymes.

When the world was new the
dwellers therein loved the soil. In
the songs and legends of all the early
peoples the student finds constant
allusions to this natural reverence
for the earth. The old story of the
giant, who received tenfold strength
every time he was thrown upon the
bosom of his mother earth, represents
a grand truth. And to possess a
piece of land, to feel that it is ours,
is a pride that we should not be
ashamed to own; for it is a right good
feeling, whether found in man or
woman, a natural true instinct for
our dear old mother earth, for the
trees and grass that will grow for
you, for the wild flowers and the

birds that will make your small
portion of the globe their home..

To me the experiences of my boy-
hood, in my country home, are
delicious idyls. The recollections of
the early spring mornings, the wander-
ings in dewy meadows and shaded
lanes, the delightful sounds of rural
life — ^the lowing of the cattle, the
singing of birds, the swish of the
mower's scythe, the tinkling of bells — •
all those echoes, which Gray in his
immortal "Elegy" has glorified by
song, hold a world of boyish romance.
With all the old Greek stories in my
mind of the Hesperides and Alcinous'
gardens at Scheria, and the golden
apples of Apollo, growing beyond
the farthest confines of the sea; of
the Roman pastorals, Cincinnatus
and his little farm, and Virgil tending
the bees of his country villa; of the
old Sabine life among the hills when
golden Saturn led the earth, and
the dreamy idlesse life of the medieval
monks amid their wheat patches,
their peach gardens and strawberry
beds, under the shadows of gray old
monasteries — ^more precious than all
these memories are my recollections
of days spent in an old pasture, of
dreams under shading trees where
Pan might have piped to Cynthia;
of romps among woodlands that
might have attracted a Corydon and
an Amarj^lis, and rambles after
many a fern, many a luscious berry
and a gaily colored flower.

It was an old pasture even then;
for a portion of it had once been the
field of an early settler, and there

182 The Granite Monthly

were the visible remains of the cellar, speckled Beauty, brindled Loo and
all grown round with lilac bushes claret-colored Cherry, up that narrow
and clumps of downy catnip. The way at night, whistling merrily under
pasture had its traditions, too, stories our ragged palm-leaf hat. Granite
of the young bride who had been rocks, bossed with graj'^-green lichens,
brought there by the sturdy pioneer, were scattered over the sward, and
who had worked seven years — -after there were green herbs shooting up
the ancient patriarchal fashion — to under every hedge. Oh, that pasture
win her of the sting}^, Laban-like lane! How fragrant are the memories
father. The first child of English it holds of the cheerful, dewy, sun-
parentage had been born in that shiny mornings when I rose with the
house, and a whole volume of romance sun to follow the cows to pasture, in
lay untold of that early home and search of the first ripe strawberries,
struggling life. Years had passed and of the radiant sunsets when,
since the hearthstone had been through the gate walked slowl}^ the
warmed by a genial fire, and the bones three cows, the two black cossets,
of the settler and his wife, the fairy- while Dan, the white farm horse,
like Rachel whom he had won after and several frolicking yearlings came
so many years, lay resting under the up, less dignified and orderly,
sod in the neighboring orchard, But, what the •old pasture was
where a rude stone told the record of richest in, were the wild flowers
their lives. which, thick as if shaken from the

There were many acres in the lap of Flora herself, sprinkled ever\'
pasture lot, fifty at least, and it foot of this grand old lot. Almost as
abounded with beautiful places and luxurious a nosegay could be gathered
out-of-the-way nooks. It had knolls there any day from earliest May to
fragrant with sweet fern, and hollows golden October as Corydon names in
where strawberries ripened, fine as Virgil's second Eclogue:
those that grew in his Grace the ''Behold the nymphs bring the
Bishop of Ely's gardens at Holborn. lilies in full baskets; fair Nais, crop-
In one place we always knew where ping the pale violets and heads of
to look for the largest checkerberries, poppies, joins for thee the daffodil
and under the hemlocks, on the and flowers of sweet-smelling dill,
banks of a purling stream, there Then, interweaving them with cassia
were bunches of "pudding plums," and other fragrant herbs, sets off the
red as the deepest coral ever fished soft hyacinths with saffron marigold,
from the Indian seas. The pasture And you, laurels, I will crop; and
was sterile in some places, luxuriant thee, myrtle, next, for thus arranged
as a garden in others; it had several you mingle sweet perfumes."
small bogs where there were bulrushes There were the early flowers:
and flags, and where many and violets, blue and white; violets all
many a time, when boys, we had along the stone walls and in the
stood and stoned the frogs who were shadows of gray old boulders, as
always jubilant there in the spring, sweet and beautiful as if they had
A portion of the pasture bordered on been planted in the night by the
the highway for the space of a dozen hand of Persephone, or Flora. Any
rods or more, and on the other side where in the borders of the wood you
was the shadow of a deep wood, into could find the white flowers of the
which a sled path entered, sinuous as sanguinaria, and the yet inore delicate
a serpent's trail. blossoms of the anemone. Then

There was the long, green lane, came bluebells and hepaticas. Oh,

with a high wall on each side, leading those dear old-fashioned, pallid and

from the barnyard gate. How many faintly smelling flowers! They have

times we had driven the cows — been loved by every generation since

In a Pasture 183

the children of the Pilgrims first pond lilies, buttercups, goldenrod,

found them blooming in the wilder- and cardinal flowers, while rhododen-

ness b}^ the side of their wood cabins, dron and clematis could be plucked

There they were, peeping out on some by the armful. In one spot there

mossy old bank in some briery was a winsome and very sensitive

corner; then we saw them brightening species of oxahs; in another grew

the soil on the steep side of the some curious green orchids and in the

ancient orchard. As the meadows swamp, creeping over the old logs

grew green out came golden cowslips, and stumps and making a carpet

scattered well over them, and on dainty enough for Titania's own feet,

higher ground the star-Hke blossoms with its brown, thread-hke vines,

of the royal dandelion. ' whole rods of snowberry, its berries

We could find the arbutus in two looking like drops of white wax set

places, widely apart — on the sunny amid the tiny ovate, glossy, aromatic

hillside under a few straggling pines leaves.

and by following the winter sled- About the ruined cellar of the old
path deep within the wooded swamp, settler's home, beside lilacs and the
There was not a day's difference in common red roses, there grew another
their opening, and the white and exotic, a sweet-briar, the eglantine of
rosy clusters were mixed in about the the poets. What a lovely thing itwas,
same proportion in each. Who is and what a romance it might have
there that plucks those delicate told! We loved to think that it was
flowerets without thinking of those brought there by the j^oung wife of
early days at New Plymouth, of the the settler from her home in the old
long, cold winter, and how glad colony, that she wore it in her hair
must have been the hearts of those on her bridal night, and so set the
Pilgrims when they saw the clearing slip out in the clearing in the wilder-
free of snow and those pretty blossoms ness. Many a time, doubtless, as
peeping up among the leaves as if she watered and nurtured it, the tears
to welcome them to the New World, came to her eyes as she thought of the
And who does not imagine the old home and the aged parents she
Puritan maidens carrying home had left; yet was she happy amid
bunches of them and filling the her tears, and as the little blossoms
pitchers of Delft to set in the sunny grew in the household perhaps to
corners of their sitting rooms? them she told the story of the eglan-
Doubtless the lovely Priscilla wore tine and of the comfort it had been to
some of the beauties in her hair, as her.

she sat spinning when John Alden The pasture ended at the south

went to woo her for Miles Standish, and was lost in dreary terra incognita

and the maiden answered him, looking of alder thickets and slumbering pools,

up with eyes that had a roguish light But the intervening woods were

in their depths and her cheeks burn- beautiful. How cool and shaded in

ing red, "Prithee, why not speak for the burning midsummer! How fra-

thyself, John?" ' grant the beds of fern! In the

Then, later came trilliums. Jack- autumn months, when the blue jays

in-the-pulpits and many other pie- were calhng among the trees and the

beian flowers. If we stayed away squirrels were scampering from branch

but a single week it was wonderful to branch, and the partridge drummed

what a transformation took place, among the deep recesses, it was no

There were so many flowers, and less delightful. And when the winter

they bloomed in such affluence, in came, and the brooks and pools were

such prodigal bounty, in such spend- ice-locked and the snow lay deep in

thrift waste. All through the summer the wood path, what fun it was to

months there was a gaudy show of break through the drifts behind the

184 The Granite Monthly

slow, patient oxen, and return with as rich as Croesus! Ah, the old
a sled-load of maple or birch, pasture lot! What charms it holds
mounted on the load as happy and for those who know it best!*

AN ENCOUNTER WITH PRINCE OSWALD

By Edward J . Parshley

There have been so many tales of England before the public high school

the adventures of commoners with the reached its present development. In

representatives of royalty that I my case, it was decided that I should

have hesitated to tell this story of go to college and so I matriculated at

mine, but I have been encouraged Dartmouth, where I gained some

to do it by the marked difference fame as a football player and won the

between my experience and that of the reputation of being the best boxer in

ordinary hero of fiction. Usually, the college. I made a creditable record

commoner wins the heart and hand in my books, too, and earned enough

of a princess of rare personal charm, money from newspaper correspond-

while in my case it was a prince of ence to pay a large part of my ow^n

no charm at all and I was very far, expenses,

indeed, from gaining his affection. It was natural that I should drift

My name is Philip Graham and I into newspaper work after gradua-

am an American of good parentage, tion and, more through good fortune

I do not mean that my ancestors than because my ability was greater

were of the colonial aristocracy or than that of my fellow reportei's, I

that they figure in the pages of his- advanced in my profession with

tory as nation builders, but my father moderate rapidity. By the time I

was a volunteer soldier in the Civil was five years out of college, I had

War and among my forbears were pursued noted political campaigners

men who fought in the War of 1812, up and down and across the United

in the Revolution and in the French States, had gone up into the air with

and Indian War. They were all famous aviators, had written up an

privates and they all returned to their election in Canada and had observed

farms or shops when their military the progress of a war in Mexico,

service was over, but I have always It happened at this time that the

taken pride in my ancestry and in the young man acting as assistant to our

pure Anglo-American blood that flows correspondent in London wanted a

in my veins. vacation of a few months and I was

My father was a mechanic of the sent to England to take his place.-

higher paid class until a few thousand The British and Continental new^s-

doUars saved, a few more thousands papers were just then giving much

from the distribution of the estate of space to the performances of a certain

a wealthier relative and the maturing Prince Oswald, heir to a petty throne,

of some endowment insurance en- who was roaming about Europe and

abled him to retire with a modest conducting himself in a way that

income. My mother is the daughter but for his title, would have earned

of a New Hampshire farmer and both him more than one richly deserved

parents were educated in one of the thrashing. Prince Oswald was in

academies that flourished in New London when I reached there, and

♦Sometime in 19101 was invited to have a paper at a meeting of the Merrimack County

Pamona Grange, and this was prepared for the occasion. I was unable to be present.

Stumbling upon it today, I hasten to give it to the public in this way. — Author.

An Encounter with Prince Oswald

185

had already added some unsavory
chapters to his discreditable record.

One day, a week or two after I had
taken up my duties as a foreign cor-
respondent, I was hurrying along a
London street when I bumped into a
young man Walking in the opposite
direction. The collision was wholly his
fault and I was proceeding on my way
without waiting for or giving an apol-
ogy when one of two men closely follow-
ing him unceremoniously halted me.

A heavy hand dropped on my
shoulder and swung me about and I
found myself facing a tall, bearded
chap of a somewhat soldierly bearing.

"You neglected to apologize for
your rudeness, sir," he said. "Do
so at once."

"Who the devil are you?" I de-
manded. "What are you interfering
for? Take your hand oE my shoul-
der."

"You will apologize, sir," he re-
peated and he tightened his grip with
the words.

I did not intend to argue further
and as he refused to remove his hand
I removed it for him and hurt his
wrist in doing it.

" If you lay your hand on me again,"
I said, "I will certainly knock you
down. Now go on about your busi-
ness."

The one who had so strangely be-
come my opponent hesitated a mo-
ment but the young man who had
caused all the trouble called out to
him and he abandoned his quarrel
with me with manifest reluctance.

The incident puzzled me for a
minute or two, but I decided that it
was of no consequence and was about
to dismiss it from my mind when it
occurred to me that the features of
, the person with whom I had collided
were famiUar. Then it flashed upon
me who he was. I had seen his pic-
ture so many times in the newspapers
that it was a wonder I had not recog-
nized him at once. Beyond a doubt,
I had bumped Prince Oswald. I
chuckled in genuine amusement and
then forgot all about the matter.

Three days later, my chief told me
to go to the Hotel Piccadilly and send
my card to suite 37.

"Fve been given a tip that there's
a story of some kind there," he said.
"Suppose you go and see what it is."

I went and when I was ushered into
suite 37 I found myself in the presence
of Prince Oswald and apparently at
the mercy of his bodj^guard of two.

The tall man with whom I had had
my previous encounter admitted me,
and he at once closed the door and
placed his back against it. The prince
was seated in a big arm chair, regard-
ing me with small, malicious eyes. Be-
side the chair stood his other traveling
companion, dressed in a gorgeous uni-
form and wearing a sword. The tall
fellow was also in uniform but his
sword, sheathed, stood against the
wall in a corner of the room.

This last mentioned individual
seemed to be a sort of master of
ceremonies and he did not permit me
to remain long in ignorance of the
object sought in decoying me to the
prince's apartments.

"You will apologize in the most
humble manner for the indignity
visited upon Prince Oswald the other
day," he said, in tones of the utmost
finality.

"Do you make that as a statement
of fact?" I inquired.

"Most certainly, sir," he replied.

"Then you are a liar," I answered,
"for I shall do nothing of the kind."

The prince sprang to his feet.
"Trifle with him no more, Hugo,"
he commanded. "See that he does
as he is told."

From somewhere about Hugo's per-
son came a revolver and he pointed
it straight at me. I have said that
he had the manner of a soldier and
he was presumably familiar with fire-
arms but in this instance he was in-
cautious. He stood so near me that
I had only to reach out my hand and
grasp his wrist and so quickly did I
act that I had transferred the revolver
from his right hand to my left before
he fairly realized what I was about.

186

The Granite Monthly

Then I hit him, squarely on the
point of the jaw. He went down and
I knew that he would not rise at once,
for I had given him a knock-out blow.
I wish that I could describe the
expression of rage that swept over the
face of Prince Oswald, but I haven't
the trick with words to do it. He
was so mad that he nearly choked.

"Run him through, Eric," he
shrieked and the obedient Eric whip-
ped out his sword and came at me.

I had broken open the revolver and,
that neither I nor another might do
harm with it, had extracted the cart-
ridges, thereby seriously impairing
its value as a weapon of defence. It
had no doubt that the princely idiot
would allow his servant to kill me and
the intention of the man with the
sword to run me through was evident.
But one thing occurred to me to do
and I hurled the revolver at him with
all my force. It struck him in the
head and he dropped to the floor, to
stay down even longer than his com-
rade.

Fright succeeded rage on Prince
Oswald's face, but he tried to main-
tain his dignitj'.

"Well, sir, what do you intend to
do now?" he demanded in a voice
that trembled in spite of his efforts to
control it.

"I am tempted to sweep the floor
with you." I responded, for I was
now, wnth justification I think,
thoroughly mad myself. "Another
temptation that assails me is to shake
you out of your boots, but I think
I will resist both. I will just say
good day and get out of here."

My departure was delayed, how-
ever. While I was talking with the
Prince, Hugo had risen to his feet and
had secured possession of his own
sword. I now found him between
me and the door and apparently as
determined to make good use of his
blade as Eric had been. I slowly
retreated backward and while Hugo

was enjoying his triumph picked up
the sworcl that Eric had dropped when
the revolver hit him in the head.
I registered a mental praj^er of thank-
fulness that fencing was one of the
exercises I had chosen to keep my-
self in good physical condition when
I no longer had to meet the training
demands of college athletics and in
the same moment that I breathed the
prayer I parried Hugo's first thrust.
If he had been in the frame of mind
to enjoy it. Prince Oswald might now
have had the pleasure of watching a
pretty bit of sword play. It was a
lively bout, but it had not lasted long
before I had the best of reasons to
believe that the fencing instructor
of the Manhattan Athletic Club
knew his business, and that he had
succeeded in imparting something of
what he knew to me. Hugo was out-
classed at what might reasonably
have been called his own game, and
his intense desire to kill me was soon
succeeded by a desire even more in-
tense to keep me from killing him.

I had no idea, of course, of going to
that extreme, but I did think of
pricking him a little. Humanita-
rian impulses restrained me, though,
and I w^aited until I saw a chance to
work a disarming trick I knew and
sent his sword spinning across the
room.

"Now, Hugo, my impetuous
friend," I said,- "I don't want to hurt
you, but -I have had quite enough of
you. Suppose you go over in that cor-
ner and stay there."

Hugo acted upon my suggestion
without hesitating for a moment.
I walked leisurely to th,e door,. dropped
my sword and, turning, faced Prince
Oswald for the last time.

"Permit me to bid you good morn-
ing, your highness," I said. "I
have, on the whole, enjoyed my call
and I hope that it has given equal
pleasure to you."
Then I went out.

ACROSS THE NEW HAMPSHIRE HILLS

By Norman C. Tice

When the first warm days of April
arrive and the snow is rapidly vanish-
ing from the sun-beaten hilltops, I
begin to scout along the trail. Na-
ture is new to me after the long, cold
days of winter, when the frost snaps
the twigs of the trees and the snow
mantles the sleeping earth. As I
have said, when the first warm days
arrive, I take to the trail. There
is a suggestion of subtle mystery in
the air. It is detected in the open-
ing buds and in the songs and move-
ments of the birds.

The slopes of the hills are smooth in
grassy waves, which were beaten
down by the snows of the previous
winter. All through the undulations
can be seen the trails of the mice,
with now and then an opening of
some subterranean passage. At
varied intervals a house composed of
interwoven grasses is cleverly con-
cealed. The brook, also, has a tone
of mj^stery and sings joyously, as it
tumbles along, full-banked and strong.
Willows 'and alders, heavily tagged,
sway in unison with the current as
their lower branches are flooded in
the rapid current. A few leaves of
the adder-tongue have pierced the
dull gray matting and are beginning
to open. The song sparrows are
flitting around in joyful song or are
busy in contemplation of summer
homes.

Now and then a snow bank, dis-
colored and coarse, nestles beneath
some overhanging bank, half-shielded
from the direct rays of the sun. It
will soon vanish away and our last
reminder of winter will be gone. A
hawk wheels aloft in dizzying circles,
and crows are sailing past, busy and
silent. A crane, on his journey
northward, grandly ploughs the air,
as he passes through the valley, not
deigning to settle in these shallow
coves.

I travel the length of the meadow
and enter the woods. The shrub?
and bushes are in full bud and every
plant of the wild is in its subtle time of
budding mystery. Light green points
are beginning to appear on the tips
of the firtrees, and the ashes and
poplars and other venturesome trees
are showing a pale-green trifle of
leaf. There is a stir of growing
things in the air and an odor of per-
fume on the warm breeze. There
is activity on the part of the bird
folk, suggestive of the season of
nesting and the rearing of their
3^oung. As I pass a mossy, over-
hanging bank I startle a flock of
juncoes into flight. They have been
feeding upon the seeds of the hard-
hack and are doubtless preparing for
their northern flight. They perch
upon the limbs of the trees, where I
catch a gleam of their white bills and
slate-colored heads.

As I travel along the trail I miss
my winter friends, the chickadees,
sap-suckers, and jays. They are
doubtless farther away in the swamp,
or else have migrated to cooler climes.
I leave the woodland path and follow
a road which leads past a deserted
farmhouse. The dull gray walls look
sad and forlorn. Ruin is depicted on
the decaying sheds and fences, and
the broken and unfastened windows.
A pair of robins have constructed
their nest on the jet of the dis-
mantled shed.

I cross the wornout fields where the
water oozes forth from the thin soil,
or stands in dirty pools in the hol-
lows. I climb the pasture hill. In
the distance are the rugged peaks of
the White Mountains, with a dainty
tracery of snowdrift that sparkles in
the sunshine. Below is the flooded
valley, with groups of alders and
stumps of decayed cedars standing
about. I scrambled down the

188

The Granite Monthly

wooded hill and cross an open field,
bordered by an old rail fence. I
climb over the fence and find myself
on the verge of the flooded river.
The outline of the river can be dis-
cerned by the fringing border of wil-
lows, now half covered by the rapidly
flowing stream. A flock of birds come
flying down the valley. They alight
on the willows and begin an incessant
chatter. They are blackbirds, on
their northern pilgrimage. Some fly
away from the trees and, finding a
grassy hilltop which barely pierces
the water's flow, they search for food.

A boat is tied close by. I untie
the rope and, taking the oars, I row
about the flooded meadow. Then I
paddle into the swamp. I let the
oars rest in the oar-locks and drift
at will among the stumps of dead
trees and dwarfed cedars.

I perceive a motion in the midst of
the swamp. I look intently, but all
is quiet. Again I see a movement as
of a dark colored bird. I look very
carefully this time, and I can dis-
tinguish a brown, sticklike stub, as
of an alder branch. More careful
inspection and I can see the bright
eyes of a meadow-hen. I move the
oars against the boat, and she rushes
to a safer retreat. Again I move the
oars and she scurries away. The
blackbirds chatter in the alders and a
wild duck seeks refuge in rapid
flight. Kingfishers shriek from their
perches on cedar stubs and a partridge
drums on an upland log.

I row across the bay of the lake and
land my boat on the sandy beach. I
fasten it securely to a tangled tree
root. Then I climb the sandy bank
which is sparsely covered with thin
grass and clumps of dwarfed bushes.
As I walk along the bank a sandpiper
rushes away, with a loud cry, and
sails over the water in his curious
flight. I look carefully about and I
find a cleverly concealed nest of dried
grasses, beneath a dwarfed bunch of
willows. Three large, speckled eggs
lie in the hollow of the nest, I walk
away toward the woods. Boat sails
can be seen in the distance, and
flocks of water birds, as if in play,
race past.

The pine woods are near, and I
follow a well worn trail which leads
among them. The path winds among
the trees in an intricate maze. It
passes by a large rock, or a mossy
knoll, with trails of evergreen hang-
ing from it. Presently I reach a
rocky pasture, where clumps of shriv-
eled sweet fern are interspersed with
the slender spirals of the hard-hack.
I follow the sandy road toward a
remote farmhouse and open the bars
at the end of the lane. Two clusters
of lilac bushes on either side of the
gateway are heavy with masses of
purple bloom. Their perfume lies
heavy upon the evening air. I un-
latch the gate and pass up the narrow
garden walk, bordered by old fash-
ioned flowers. It is my home and the
end of the trail.

DO NOT WORRY SO

By Georgie Rogers Warren ,

vSlowly I have learned not to hurry, not to worrj^,

Surely I have learned it is better so — to go slow —

For, you know, there's such a little way to go.

Truly I have learned all this,

And much I would not miss

That you can know;

So do not worry- — and go slow —

There's such a little way to go.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

COL. CHARLES SCOTT

Col. Charles Scott, long a leading citizen
of Peterboro, died on March 12 at the home
of his daughter, Mrs. L. G. Smith, in Bronx-
ville, N. Y., where he had resided, with his
wife, for the past eleven years.

He was born in Peterboro, April 14, 1829,
the son of William and Phylinda (Crossfield)
Scott and great-grandson of Maj. WiUiam
Scott of Revolutionary fame. He received
•only a common school education, but was
himself a teacher in youth, and afterwards a
clerk in different Peterboro stores. At
twenty-three he became proprietor of the
Peterboro Transcript which he published
three years and then sold, having received a
commission as deputy sheriff, which position
he held for some time, and was afterward, for
three successive five-year terms, sheriff of
Hillsborough County.

He enlisted in the Union service in the
Civil War, going out as major of the Sixth
New Hampshire Regiment; was promoted to
lieutenant-colonel, in 1862, but was taken
ill with malarial fever and placed in a hospital
at Newport News. When convalescent,
with a large party, he started up the Potomac
on a steamer which was simk in a collision,
and nearly all on board drowned, he escaping
with a few others by clinging to the smoke-
stack of the sunken vessel. The exposure
and strain brought on a relapse resulting in
severe nervous prostration, from the effects
of which he never fully recovered.

Colonel Scott was always interested in
military affairs, was a member of the old
Peterboro Light Infantry, and a member and
two years commander of the Peterboro Cav-
ab-y.

He was a Republican in politics, repre-
sented his town in the legislature in 1876,
1891 and 1893, and his district in the State
Senate in 1897. He was also police justice
for Peterboro from 1892 till disquaUfied by
the age limit. He was president of the Peter-
boro Historical Society, a member of Peter-
boro Lodge, I. O. O. F., and a Congrega-
tionaUst. As a citizen he was most pubHc
spirited and a leader in all good works.

He is survived by a wife, and a daughter,
Mrs. L. G. Smith.

GRANVILLE P. CONN, M. D.

Dr. Granville Priest Conn, for many years
a leading physician of Concord and the state,
died at the home of his son in Wayne, Pa.,
March 24, at the age of eighty-four years.

Doctor Conn was born in Hillsborough,
January 25, 1832, and was educated at
Norwich (Vt.) University and Dartmouth
Medical College, graduating from the latter
in 1856, and being the last survivor of the
class at the time of his death. He practiced

first in Randolph, Vt., and in 1862 went out
as assistant surgeon in the Twelth Regiment
Vermont Volunteers for service in the Civil
War, at the close of which he settled in prac-
tice in Concord, where he continued till his
retirement about two years ago, when he went
to Pennsylvania to pass his remaining days.
He was eminently successful in his profes-
sion, and enjoyed a state-wide reputation.
He was active and prominent in the organi-
zation and work of the Concord and State
Boards of Health and was president of the
latter, from its organization, for a long series
of years. He was secretary of the New

Hampshire Medical Society from 1869 till
1914, except for the years 1880 and 1881,
when he was vice-president and president,
respectively. He was city physician of
Concord from 1872 to 1876, and United
States pension examiner from 1877 to 1881.
He was also for a long time surgeon for the
Boston & Maine Railroad. He held member-
ship in the American Medical Association,
the Medico Legal Society of New York, and
the International Association of Railway Sur-
geons, the Masonic Fraternity, and the
Society of Colonial Wars, and had long been
medical director of the New Hampshire
Department, G. A. R. He was lecturer on
hygiene in Dartmouth Medical College from
1886 to 1896, professor from 1896 to 1909,
and professor emeritus from the latter date.
He received the honorary degree of A. M. from
Norwich University in 1881. He edited and

190

The Granite Monthly

compiled a volume of biographies of New
Hampshire Surgeons in the Civil War.

He married at East Randolph, Vt., May
25, 1859, Helen M. Sprague, who died in 1914.
Their two sons were Frank W. Conn, de-
ceased, and Charles F. Conn, Dartmouth, '87,
now of Pennsylvania, an engineer and at one
time treasurer of the Boston Terminal Com-
pany.

ASA WALKER, U. S. N.

Rear Admiral Asa Walker, U. S. N., re-
tired, a native of the town of Milton in this
state, died at Annapolis, Md., March 7,
where he had made his home since retirement
in 1908.

He was born November 13, 1845, the son
of Asa T. and Louisa Walker, who removed to
Portsmouth in his childhood, where he was
educated. He was appointed to the Naval
Academy at Annapolis in 1862 and gi-aduated
in 1866. He became an ensign on March 12,
1868; a master on March 26, 1869; a lieuten-
ant-commander on December 12, 1884; a
commander on April 11, 1894; a captain on
September 9, 1899, and rear admiral on Jan-
uary 7, 1906.

Before taking command in the Spanish-
American War of the U. S. S. Concord, on
which he took part in the battle of Manila
Bay on May 1, 1898, he was stationed at the
Naval Academy for four periods, part of the
time as instructor. For his part in the battle
of Manila he was advanced nine numbers for
"erninent and conspicuous conduct in battle."
He was on duty at the Naval War College at
Newport, R. L, 1899-1900.

Admiral Walker was a member of the
Naval Examining Board, 1900-01, and com-
manded the U. S. S. San Francisco January
2, 1902, to November 21, 1903. He served
as a member of the General Board from Jan-
uary, 1903, until November of that year and
had command of the U. S. S. Wabash the
next two years. He was appointed superin-
tendent of the Naval Observatory at Wash-
ington on February 28, 1906.

He retired from the service November 13,
1907, having attained the age limit of sixty-
two years.

He is survived by his second wife and one
son, Dr. Wallis G. Walker of Portsmouth.

HON. C. W. WILDER

Christopher W. Wilder, a prominent resi-
dent of Conway and a leading citizen of Car-
roll County for many years, died at his home
in that town, on December 19, 1915.

He was born in Lancaster, Mass., January 7,
1829, but removed to Conway, with his parents,
in infancy, and there spent his life. He was
much in jiublic affairs, holding various town
and county offices, representing his town in
the legislature and serving for five years as
judge of probate, by appointment of Governor
Weston. Politically he was a staunch Demo-
crat and was i)rominent in the councils of his

party in county and state for many years.
He transacted much basiness in the line of
settUng estates; but his life work was the
management of the Conway Savings Bank,
which was chartered tlirough his efl'orts in
1869, and to which he thereafter chiefly de-
voted his attention. In religion he was a
Swedenborgian, but was an attendant and
hberal supporter of the Methodist Episcopal
Church.

He married, November 25, 1852, Sophia
Greenwood of Bethel, Me., who died some
time ago, as have their three children, but
several grandchildren survive, among whom is
Levi N. Quint of Conway.

CHARLES GILLIS

CTlarles GiUis, long a prominent citizen
and for some time a hotel-keeper of Brad-
ford, and formerly of Hillsborough, died at
his residence in the former town, February
8, 1916.

He was a native of Francestown, born
October 5, 1839, and educated in the common
school and David Crosby's famous academy
at Nashua. He served in the Eighth New
Hampshire Regiment in the Civil War, was
with General Butler at New Orleans, and
with Sheridan during the Wilson Raid in
Virginia, and the Luray Valley expedition.
He was present at the execution of the con-
spirators in the Lincoln assassination. He
conducted the St. Charles Hotel at Hills-
borough Lower Village, ten years after the
war, and the Raymond House in Bradford
for twenty-four years, up to its destruction
by fire in 1897.

He was twice married: first to Augusta
King of Nashua, and, after her decease, to
Anna H. Bobbins of Hillsborough. He was
a man of keen wit, and decided opinions, a
warm friend and a public spiiited citizen.

WILLIAM H. VICKERY

William H. Vickery, long a leading druggist
and prominent citizen of Dover, died at his
home in that city, March 10, 1916.

He was born in Dover, February 16, 1839,
and had always resided there, entering the
drug business in 1864, and continuing through
life.

He represented his ward in the legi.-^lature
two terms in the '70s, and was a meml:)er of the
School Board from 1884 until 1894. He was
a member of the Advent Church.

He leaves a wife, three sons, James E.,
Charles W. of Juneau, Alaska, and Harris K.
of Cleveland, Ohio, and two daughters, Mrs.
J. J. Eden of Newburg, N. Y. and Mrs. Paul
V. Lockwood of Portsmouth.

COL. EVERETT O. FOSS

Everett O. Foss, a long time newspaper cor-
respondent of Dover, and active politician for
many years, died in that city March 1. He
was a native of the town of Strafford, born
December 24, 1830. He was employed in

New Hampshire Necrology

191

youth in the office of the Morning Star, a
Free Baptist paper published in Dover; but
removed to Minnesota in early manhood,
where, in 1857, he established and edited the
Courier, at St. Peter, and was appointed a
colonel on the staff of Governor Medary of
that state. Returning to Dover, in 1861, he
established the Daily Union, a morning paper,
in that city, which was short lived, but gave
the people of the city the first news of the
shooting of Colonel Ellsworth at Alexandria.
Colonel Foss traveled much, and held the
distinction of being the only man to witness
the assassination of both Presidents Lincoln
and Garfield, and narrowly missed being pres-
ent at that of President McKintey. He was
a public spirited citizen, and initiated and
aided in carrying out many important local
enterprises. He was also greatly interested
in historical and genealogical matters.

CAPT. WILLIAM F. WILEY

William F. Wiley, born in Conway, N. H.,
'January 3, 1838, died in Peabody, Mass.,
February 17, 1916.

He was educated at Fryeburg, Me., and
removed to Salem, Mass., when twenty years
of age, where he was in business, and was a
member of the Salem Light Infantry, which
was Company A of the Seventh Massachu-
setts Regiment before the Civil War; at the
outbreak of which he enlisted in the Union
Service. He served first in the Eighth Ma.s-
sachusetts Volunteers and, later, in the
Twenty-fourth, and was mustered and, at the
close of the war, as a Captain.

He then engaged in the leather business at
Peabody, where he continued. In 1900 he
was appointed postmaster by President Mc-
Kinley and held the office until 1912. He
was a Mason, an Odd Fellow and a past com-
mander of Union Post, No. 50 G. A. R.

GEORGE E. AIKEN

George Edward Aiken, a native of Goffs-
town, N. H., born January 1, 1834, died in
the Mount Vernon Hospital, New York,
March 3, 1916.

Mr. Aiken was a graduate of Amherst Col-
lege, of the class of 1857, and had been promi-
nent in musical circles in New York and Bos-
ton for more than fifty years. He had charge
of the music at the funeral of ex-President
Ulysses S. Grant.

WILLIAM R. BRACIvETT

William Ross Brackett, born in Littleton,
JMovember 24, 1842, died in Plymouth,
March 1, 1916.

Mr. Brackett was engaged in railway serv-
ice nearly all his active life, and was well
known to the traveling public in northern
New Hampshire. He was a clerk in the office
of the old Boston, Concord & Montreal Rail-
road, for several years, and later, from 1864
to 1884, general ticket agent. Subsequently,
for some years, he was general baggage agent

of the Boston & Maine, in Boston, leaving the
railroad service to go to Littleton to care for
a wealthy uncle, Cephas Brackett, from whom
he inherited a fortune, retiring, afterward,
and living quietly at Plymouth.

He leaves a wife, Ella Stearns, daughter of
the late well-known railroad man, Wilbur
(Webb) Stearns, and a daughter, Lucy
Stearns, wife of Harry Merrill of Littleton-.

FRED LEIGHTON

Fred Leighton, born in Concord, January
25, 1857, died in Webster, March 5, 1916.

Mr. Leighton was a son of the late Calvin
Leighton, was educated in the old Wash-
ington Street Grammar School in Concord,
and, at an early age, entered the office of The
People newspaper, to learn the printer's trade.
He continued in connection with the estab-
Ushment, with which the Patriot was subse-
quently merged, working as compositor and
foreman, until after the establishment of the
Daily Patriot, when he was soon assigned to
duty as city editor, which position he held
till 1909, when he transferred his services to
the Monitor office, where he held a similar
position till death, which came suddenly from
apoplexy while on a visit to his wife, who was
then in a Webster sanitarium.

For may sessions, Mr. Leighton had re-
ported the proceedings of the New Hamp-
shire legislature for the papers which he
served, and in this capacity, as well as in that
of city editor, and reporter for various other
journals, he gained a wide acquaintance and
a large circle of friends, as well as a reputa-
tion for faithful and conscientious work un-
surpassed in the profession.

Mr. Leighton was united iiu marriage
September 20, 1887, with Miss Irene Harnden
of Groton, Mass., then a compositor in The
People office, who survives, with one son,
Alan, a graduate of the New Hampshire Col-
lege and Cornell University in the depart-
ment of chemical enginering.

REV. GEORGE S. ROLLINS, D. D.,
Rev. George S. Rollins, D. D., born in
Franklin, N. H., April 28, 1864, died in
Springfield, Mass., April 13, 1916.

His parents died when he was quite young
and he was adopted by a family in Canter-
bury and reared on a farm, which in his later
years he acquired and made a summer resi-
dence. He attended Monson, Mass., Acad-
emy, for a time, labored in the South three
years, for the American Missionary Society,
and finally entered the Congregational Theo-
logical Seminary in Chicago; from which he
graduated in 1892. In 1904 this seminary
conferred on him the degree of Doctor of
Divinity for graduate and non-resident work
which he had done, while Fargo College of
Fargo, N. D., gave him an honorary degree in
1902. He preached in Chicago imtil 1894,
at the same time doing graduate work. From
that city he went to Davenport, la., where he-

192

The Granite Monthly

remained until 1902 as pastor of the Edwards
Congregational Church. From 1902 to 1907
he was pastor of the Park Congregational
Church at Minneapolis, removing thence to
Springfield, where he was pastor of the Hope
Congregational Church till death. In 1887
he married Helen F. Knowlton, of Monson,
who survives him, with three children.

DR. ALBERT L. MARDEN

Albert L. Marden, M. D., a native of the
town of Epsom, born December 31, 1849,
and a graduate of the Dartmouth Medical
School of the class of 1873, died at his home
in Claremont, where he was in practice from
1891 to 1910, and from 1914 till death, April
2, 1916. He was first in practice in Perkins-
ville, Vt., and for three years, from 1910, in
Goffstown. He served in the Vermont legis-
lature, and on the school board while in Per-
kinsville, and was long a member of the Clare-
mont Board of Health.

DR. CHARLES A. DAVLS

Charles A. Davis, a distinguished geologist,
born in Portsmouth, N. H., September 29,
1861, died in Washington, D. C, April 9,
1916.

He was the son of Lewis G., and Cyrena
Frances (Pierce) Davis, and graduated from
Bowdoin College in 1886, receiving the de-
gree of A. M., in 1889 from that institution,
and that of Ph. D., from the University of
Michigan later. He was a teacher of science

in the Hyde Park, 111., high school for a time,
professor of biology in Alma College, subse-
quently, and later still instructor in forestry
in the University of Michigan. Subsequently
he was employed as an expert in the U. S.
Geological Survey, and since 1910 had been
connected with the Bureau of Mines at
Washington. He had done much scientific
writing, and was a member of various scien-
tific societies.

CAPT. W. W. HARDY

Captain Washington W. Hardy, who had
circumnavigated the globe thirteen times,
being in command of the vessel on eleven of
these voyages, died in Dover, April 9, 1916.

Captain Hardy was born in Chesterfield, -
March 15, 1838, son of Thomas and Sarah
(Folsom) Hardy. His mother was a native
of Exeter. His grandfather, Thomas Hardy,
was a Revolutionary soldier. For much of
his boyhood his home was in Brentwood and
he was educated in part at Hampton Acad-
emy. Going to Dover with his parents
while still a boy, he began his sea career in
1854 and followed it forty-seven years, thirty
years as captain. He commanded various
ships in the China and Japan trade. He was
a member of the Boston and New York
Marine Societies, Strafford Lodge of Masons
and St. Paul Commandery, K. T., of Dover.

He is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Henry
H. Folsom, and a son, Hathaway, of Seattle,
who is in charge of a section of the United
States geodetic coast survey in Alaska.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

The disappointment of the publisher in fail-
ing to bring out the promised "Progressive
Manchester" number of the Granite Monthly
at the expected time is at the least greater than
that of any subscriber. Unexpected delays have
prevented the completion of the work; but it is
hoped that it wilt appear in a triple number
covering March, April and May, at no distant
day.

An interesting and appropriate exercise,
arranged in connection with the Annual
Meeting of the New Hampshire Old Home
Week Association, Thursday, June 1, at
the rooms of the Department of Agriculture
in th(! State House is the memorial service,
in honor of the late Ex-Governor Frank West
Rollins, the father of "Old Home Week," and
long time president of the society, whose
death has occurred since the last annual meet-
ing. No more appropriate place for such
service could be found, since up to the time
of the recent enlargement of the State House,
these rooms were occupied by the Governor
and Council and it was there, in fact, that
"Old Home Week" was born.

The recent announcement that the old
house in North Hampton, in which Gen.
Henry Dearborn was born, is being torn down
by the owner to make way for a modern
bungalow, must have occasioned regret, if
not surprise, in many minds. All such his-
toric houses should be sacredly preserved by
the state. General Dearborn was one of
New Hampshire's most illustrious sons. He
made a notable record as a soldier in the Revo-
lution; was twice afterward elected to Con-
gress ; was Secretary of War in the Cabinet of
President Jefferson, and commanded the
U. S. Army in the War of 1812.

The most notable musical event of the
season in New Hampshire, was the Kecne
Musical Festival, May 18 and 19. The
chorus included some 250 voices, dii-ected by
Nelson P. Coffin, the most successful director
in the state, who has created for Keene a repu-
tation as a musical center, unequalled today
by that of any place of its size in or out of
New England. More than a dozen of the
most eminent soloists in the country con-
tributed to the success of the affair. ^

REV. THOMAS CHALMERS, D.D.

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, No. 7

JULY, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No. 7

THE INFLUENCE OF THE REVOLUTION ON
THE RELIGIOUS LIFE OF AMERICA

By Rev. Thomas Chalmers

(Address delivered before the New Hampshire Society, Sons of Amei-ican Revolution, at
the Annual Meeting, June 13, 1916.)

It is a singular fact that the United
States is practically the only civilized
nation in the world in which there is
no connection of an organic character
between the church and the state.
At the present time France seems to
be in the same general position; but,
as a matter of fact, though the French
revolution went further than our
•own American revolution in obliterat-
ing all state recognition of religion,
yet it was under the consulate of
Napoleon Bonaparte that the Con-
cordat was adopted, July 15, 1801.
It reestablished the church in France
and gave to the government the right
of appointing archbishops and bishops,
with the consent and confirmation of
the head of the church. The Con-
cordat continued in force to the
present century. Indeed France has
not yet entirely given up the ancient
conception that the church repre-
sented in some sense one of the great
functions of the state. The French
revolution therefore, did not complete
its program so far as the separation
of church and state was concerned.

The English people underwent two
revolutions in which the question of
religion was a matter of paramount
concern. One was the revolution
• under Cromwell, beginning in 1642,
and the other was the revolution
under William and Mary, in 1688.
The revolution under Cromwell dis-
estabhshed the Church of England,
and gave a quasi establishment to the
Presbyterian and Congregational
churches in its stead, which was
reversed under the restoration of

Charles II. Other nations of Europe
have undergone revolutions, but none
of them thus far, with the possible
exception of France, has succeeded in
severing the organic, ancient con-
nection between church and state.

These preliminary considerations
add interest to our study of the effect
of our own revolution on the church
life of America. The American revo-
lution found the church and state
with very much the same old con-
nections as had existed in Europe.
The colonies had their established
church. The established church in
New England, in all the colonies
except Rhode Island, was Congrega-
tional. In Rhode Island, though the
Baptists under Roger Williams had
the prestige of priority, the definite
connections between church and state
were not as clear as in the other New
England colonies. In New England
one of the usual first acts of a town,
after its incorporation, was to provide
for the erection of a church and
maintenance of the preaching of the
gospel. For instance the old town
of Derryfield, now Manchester, was
incorporated in 1751, by inhabitants
from Londonderry and Chester.
They had been living near the
Amoskeag Falls for some time in
what had been called Harrytown.
The town of Derryfield was incor-
porated September 3, 1751. The
first town meeting was held in John
Hall's Inn, three weeks later. There
John Hall was elected first town clerk.
The second meeting was held at the
same place, twelve weeks later, and

194 The Granite Monthly

the most important vote taken at uncomfortable position in relation ta

this meeting is recorded by John the radical and revolutionary elements

Hall in his characteristic and original of Virginia preceding the revolution,

chirography and spelling in the fol- In fact the troubles of the Virginia

lowing words, "Voted twonty fore commoners, with the established

Pounds old tenor to be Resed to Paye church of the colony, furnished the

for priching for thies present yiear." ground on which such orators as

In many of the towns of New Patrick Henry and such philosophical

England the church and town were students of government as Thomas

quite completely identified. The Jefferson schooled themselves in the

people who constituted the one also principles of eloquence and expression,

constituted the other. The meeting which were later to exercise so

house and the town hall were fre- profound an effect on the history of

quently adjoining, and often, in fact, this country.

did business under one roof. Indeed In the first years of the eighteenth

there are cases in New England to- century a reaction set in against the-

day, as in Wareham, Massachusetts, radical Protestantism that had peo-

where the church owns one half of pled the north of Ireland with th&

the building, which is used for both Covenanters of Scotland. The

meeting house and town hall, while English government annoyed the

the town owns the other h^lf. In Presbyterians of Ireland with all

Amherst, N. H., the church still owns manner of disabilities in the year 1704

the meeting house, and the town owns and following years. Marriages by^

the tower clock in the meeting house, their clergy were declared invalid;

These are relics that show the inti- they were forbidden to keep school;

macy of the old connection in those they were not allowed to hold any

days. office of importance. The result of

The minister was an important these petty persecutions was the-
town functionary. He was not criti- tide of emigration of the Scotch-Irish
cized then for getting into politics, to America, which lasted from 1719
He was in politics by the very nature to 1782, when the Toleration Act for
of his office, if by politics we may Ireland was passed. A few of these-
understand an active interest in the Scotch-Irish came to New England,
practical management of municipal One of their most important colonies-
affairs and government. settled near us in Londonderry, oil

South of New England other ground now within the present town

denominations were in the same close of Derry; but a larger number settled

relationship with the state. Crossing in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia,

the line between Massachusetts and These Scotch-Irish settlers, driven.

New York one discovers even to this from the old country, as they be-

day a noticeable difference in customs lieved, by the English church, were

and appearances, due to the influence not disposed to look with favor upon

of the New England church on the the same English church established

one side, as in Stockbridge, Mass., in the forests of America. They

and the Dutch Reformed church on therefore became sturdy believers ia

the other side, in the valley of the the principles of disestablishment.

Hudson. The Episcopal church was They became the backbone of the

established in Virginia and exerted Democratic reform in Virginia which

a marked and wholesome influence furnished Thomas Jefferson with a

on the boisterous early life of that nucleus of the powerful organization

colony. But the nature of the church in American political life which was

was perhaps not as democratic as founded by his genius and is still

that of the church in New England, doing business to this day. These

and naturally came into a more Scotch-Irish were a virile and prolific-

Influence of the Revolution on the Religious Life of America 195

race. They were one of the powerful and Thomas Jefferson — apparently

influences that prepared the colonies also Samuel Adams. They do not

for the coming church disestablish- seem to have exercised any noticeable

ment. influence on George Washington.

Another powerful influence was This was doubtless because of Wash-

the preaching of George White- ington's more conservative tem-

field. George Whitefield, one of the perament. But the college life of

founders of Methodism, made re- America was profoundly affected by

peated visits to America, with his the French infidelity. The Revolu-

fervid evangelical eloquence. He tion therefore came at a psychological

visited Georgia in 1738; again visited moment in the history of the church

America in 1739 and 1741,' preaching as an organic institution, dependent

in New England, New York, Georgia upon the state for support. During

and elsewhere. He was in America the years of the revolutionary struggle

in 1744 to 1748 and several later the concerns of the church were looked

times. He visited America in 1769 upon as minor affairs. The rescue of

and died here, in Newburyport, the the people from the tyranny of the

following year. He was not interested mother country was the all important

in political philosophy, but no man question of the hour. The members

did more to prepare the American of the church themselves gave time,

people for the disestablishment of energy, money for the common cause,

the church, and for the period of Even the ministers led their flocks

free church vigor that was to begin in to the battlefield. These eight years

the days that followed the revolution, served as a period of religious as well

Supported by the influence of as political transition. We went into

Jonathan Edwards, he put new snap the period young and immature. We

and vigor into the decadent Chris- came out of it self-reliant and mature,

tianity of the colonies, with the if not aged. A most remarkable

result that when the Revolution came, change in the political and ecclesias-

with its new and marked change of tical thinking of the American people

notions on all matters religious as well had taken place. We had been

as political, it found the church in a believers in monarchical institutions,

strong enough condition to stand alone We came out of it believers in re-

without the support of the state. publican institutions. We had been

Another factor in the movement dependent upon the maintenance by

toward separation of church and the state of our religious life. We

state in this country must be men- came out of it ready for the age-long

tioned. Intelligent Americans of the adoption of voluntary principles in

colonial days, who were accustomed religion.

to read the European journals, had It might seem that the church,
been profoundly influenced by the having depended since the days of
writings of such men as Voltaire, Constantine the Great on the strong
Rousseau, Diderot, D'Alembert. hand of the state for its support, would
The encyclopedists of France were the languish and die when that support
exponents of the French skepticism was withdrawn. Such a result was
of the eighteenth century. Their unquestionably expected by many
publications began in 1751 and lasted believers in the doctrines of the
over a period of nearly twenty years, encyclopedists who did not care to
They prepared the way for the wild see the church survive, because they
religious liberalism of the French looked upon it as an agent of super-
Revolution and the Reign of Terror, stition. Gradually, imperceptibly,
that also deeply influenced such men but swiftly, the hand of the state was
as Thomas Paine, and, to a less withdrawn from the hand of the
degree, influenced Benjamin Franklin church. The old customary article

196 The Granite Monthly

in the town warrant, "To see what has been done is clear today to any

we shall raise for preaching," be- man who follows the westering sun

came almost immediately obsolete, on its way from the Atlantic to the

Whether the church was to live or die, Pacific with an eye open to the great

sink or swim, henceforth depended achievements of Christian devotion —

upon its own latent, inherent energies, the churches, the cathedrals, the

And with that terrible handicap, and Christian colleges, the academies,

under the necessity henceforth of the seminaries and the universities

providing every dollar for its main- that the voluntary gifts of Christian

tenance from the voluntary gifts of America has strewn broadcast over

its own people, and without the aid hill and vale and prairie land, from

of one dollar from public taxation, it ocean to ocean and from the Great

began the most colossal task which Lakes to the Gulf.

ever confronted the Christian church Such was the effect of the revolution

in any nation. That task was to on the religious life of America. The

evangelize the American continent by invigorating influence and self-reliance

means of its own spiritual resources which it brought to the religious life

and without endowment or public of America has not been surpassed

taxation. That task was begun in the even by the quickening power that it

days of the revolution. It was con- gave to the political idealism of the

tinned with a great outpouring of new great people which has been welded

vigor in the days that followed the into one from the scattered colonial

revolution. And how successfully it fragments of those early days.

Rev. Thomas Chalmers, D.D., was born in Algoma, near Grand Rapids, Mich., January 8,
1869, son of Andrew and Catherine (Doyle) Chahners, of Scotch-Irish stock. He gained his
preparatory education at the Sparta, Mich., high school, and at Ann Arbor, and graduated,
A.B., from Harvard University in 1891, in a class that included many men who became eminent
in various walks of life. Among them are Frank H. Hitchcock, late Postmaster Genei'al,
prominent in the campaign for the nomination of Charles E. Hughes as the Republican can-
didate for President, at Chicago; Congressman Nicholas Longworth of Ohio, son-in-law of
Roosevelt; Robert L. O'Brien, editor of the Boston Herald, and others of equal note. After
graduation he studied in the Universities of St. Andrews, Scotland, and Marburg, Germany.
He was for a time Superintendent of Schools in Buchanan, Mich., later Dean of the Michigan
Military Academy at Orchard Lake, and subsequently became pastor of the Congregational
Church at Port Huron, Mich. In 1899 he accepted a call to the pastorate of the First Con-
gregational Church of Manchester, N. H., which position he has since filled to the great ac-
ceptance of his parish. He has been chairman of the Commissioners of the New England
Congregational Conference, and was chairman of the committee of twelve which conducted
the successful campaign against the invasion of the State by the New York race-track trust,
which campaign attracted wide notice, and was followed with interest by Governor Hughes of
New York, who subsequently carried on a similarly successful campaign against the same
interests in that State.

Dr. Chalmers has ever been deeply interested in educational affairs, and has served several
years on the Manchester School Board. He has been a leading spirit in the campaign agaihst
tuberculosis in this State, and is President of the Pembroke Sanitarium, established for
the promotion of that cause. A Republican of progressive tendencies, he has taken an active
interest in party affairs, and played a prominent part in two State Conventions, the first being
that for the choice of delegates to the Repubhcan National Convention, when an informal ap-
peal which he made from the platform, contributed to the adjustment of a difficult situation,
and the other the regular State Convention of 1912, over which he presided. At the election
in November of the latter year he was chosen, from the Seventeenth District to the New
Hampshire State Senate, was the Republican caucus nominee for President of that body, and
took a prominent part in the legislative work of the session.

A few weeks since Dr. Chalmers announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination
for Representative in Congress, from the First New Hampshire District, to succeed Cyrus A.
SuUoway now completing his tenth term of service; and, for the purpose of making an un-
hampered canvass, has resigned his pastorate, to take effect August 31. Dr. Chalmers is a
forcible and eloquent speaker, endowed with the courage of his convictions, and will be heard
with effect in the primary campaign, and later, if nominated. Dartmouth College conferred
upon him, in 1908, the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity.

He was united in marriage, at Columbus, Ohio, June 20, 1894, with Miss Maude Virginia
Smith, by the Rev. Washington Gladden.

Lilacs 197

LILACS

By Harriet E. Emerson

The lilacs bloom in the old road ways,

Where wild birds nest and sing;
And the pink buds glow amid the green,
And purple rings of deeper sheen

Their fragrant cups of incense swing

Along the old road ways.

The lilacs bloom in gardens old,
Among the weeds and thorns, —
Still lavishly their perfume pours,
In memory of bygone hours,
When loving hands, on de^^^ morns.
Tended the gardens old.

The lilacs bloom o'er hearthstones grey.

Where once the home-light shone;
Through fire, and flood, and chilling blast
Their roots, deep planted, long out-last
The crumbling walls of wood and stone—
O'er them the lilacs wave.

The olden charm of the lilac's bloom

Still woos the birds and bees;

When the Frost King goes, through open'doors

On weary hearts spring's gladness pours;

New hopes come wafting on the breeze

That's sweet with Lilac's bloom.

LIEUT.-COL. SAMUEL H. MELCHER. M.D.

LIEUT. -COL. SAMUEL H. MELCHER, M.D.

Physician, Patriot, Pioneer — A Worthy Son of the Granite State

Into all sections of the country, they went as far west as San Antonio

into all professions, occupations and in search of a favorable location,

callings — wherever honorable effort Unable to have their trunks brought

redounds to the credit of the Individ- up from the coast, they drew lots to

ual and the benefit of the community determine who should go for them,

and the nation, the sons and daughters One by one the others drew the lucky

of New Hampshire have gone, in great number and went for the trunks; but

numbers, in all periods of our history, as each man reached Galveston he

and have rendered notable account of took his own trunk and went home,

themselves in the field of worthy leaving Melcher stranded at San

achievement. Antonio. At last, in order to get

Samuel Henry Melcher, a native away, he went, with a drove of mules,

of old Gilmanton, scion of a sturdy to St. Louis, for five dollars and his

race, whose father — Woodbury Mel- passage, serving as cook for the out-

cher — was born in Portsmouth and fit. Arriving at St. Louis, he had his

served in the Town Guard there in trunk sent to him, and soon located

the War of 1812, and whose mother, at Potosi, Washington County, Mo.,

born Rebecca French, was the daugh- where he practiced medicine till the

ter of Captain Samuel B. French of outbreak of the Civil War, when he

the New Hampshire Militia in that entered the Union service as Assistant

war, was one of the countless number Surgeon of the Fifth Missouri Volun-

of those who have gone out from the teers — three-months men — May 7,

State to make a life-record in other 1861, and served with his regiment

fields of effort. at the battles of Carthage, Dug

Born October 30, 1828, he followed Springs and Wilson's Creek, in which
his preparatory education by the latter conflict General Lyon, the
study of medicine at Bowdoin College Union Commander, was killed. Sur-
Medical Department, Vermont and geon Melcher remained on the field
Dartmouth Medical Colleges, gradu- until all the other Union officers had
ating, M. D., from the latter Novem- left, and obtained the body of General
ber 6, 1850. During the winter of Lyon from the Confederate Com-
1850-51 he was an interne in the city mander, General Price, and con-
hospital at South Boston, Mass. veyed the same to Springfield the
From there he went to Hebron, N. H., same day, accompanied by a volun-
where he was for some time engaged teer Confederate escort.
in practice. April 25, 1854, he mar- The term of service of his regiment
ried Martha Ann Ranlet, daughter of having expired, he voluntarily re-
Charles Ranlet of Laconia, one of the mained in Springfield, as a prisoner,
proprietors of the famous car manu- to care for the wounded Union sol-
facturing establishment, since known diers, brought there, of whom there
as the Laconia Car Company. Re- were over five hundred. He was at
moving to Boston, he was engaged in his post in the hospital on the 25th
practice there, on Summer Street, of October, 1861, when Fremont's
when his only son, Charles Wood- bodyguard, under Major Zagoni,
bury, was born, March 4, 1857. made its famous charge into Spring-

During the panic of that year, he field and drove out the Confederate

went, with three others, by boat, to forces. On the morning after the

Galveston, Texas, from which point encounter. Surgeon Melcher, assisted

200 The Granite Monthly

by a soldier from the First Iowa, and eral Brown had a shoulder badly

another from the First Missouri Vol- shattered. Forty-four hours after-

unteers, raised the Stars and Stripes ward Surgeon Melcher removed, by

over the old Court house, which stood excision, five inches of the upper part

in the center of the square. of the humerus, including the head

In November, following. Surgeon and part of the scapula, taking out
Melcher removed all the Wilson the bullet, and saving the forearm
Creek wounded to St. Louis, and in and hand, which remained in almost
December, 1861, he was made Bri- perfect condition during the follow-
gade Surgeon of the First Brigade, ing thirty-nine years of General
Mo. S. M. Volunteers. He was as- Brown's life. This operation is
signed to hospital duty in St. Louis classed as one of the first as well as
on the staff of General Schofield, and one of the most successful operations
in the spring following had charge of of the kind on record,
the three most important hospitals in In the spring of 1863 he returned
the city, receiving, for his efficient to St. Louis, with General Schofield,
supervision of the same, a testimonial when he was commissioned Lieuten-
from the Western Sanitary Commis- ant-Colonel of the Sixth Cavalry, and
sion, and honorable mention by the assigned to duty as Acting Assistant
Surgeon General of the United States. Inspector General, Department of
About this time he served as a mem- the Missouri, and, on recommenda-
ber of the State Medical Board for tion of General Schofield, continued
examination of candidates for ap- in the same position under General
pointment as surgeons of state troops. Rosecrans. During the Price raid in
Later he was commissioned Colonel Missouri, in 1864, he acted as aide on
and organized and equipped the 32nd the staff of General Pleasanton, win-
Regiment E. M. M., which he com- ning commendation for conspicuous
manded until ordered to join the gallantry and fidelity.
Army of the Frontier, under General His last active service was as Post
Schofield, as Medical Director of the Commander at Jefferson City. Fail-
District of Southwest Missouri and ure of eyesight, from injuries received
Army of the Frontier, and stationed from a shell at the battle of Springfield,
at Springfield, where he organized the caused his resignation, Dec. 24, 1864,
Medical Department, having in the and this injury, in 1888, resulted in
hospitals there January 1, 1863, over total blindness.

twelve hundred sick and convalescent After the war he was for a time in

men. charge of the Freedman's Bureau at

While here, on the night of January La Grange, Tenn., and from 1870 to

7, learning that the Confederate Gen- 1872 in St. Louis, in charge of the U. S.

eral Marmaduke was approaching, Marine Hospital. From 1874 to 1883,

with a large force, he offered his Dr. Melcher lived in Chicago. In

services to Gen. E. B. Brown, com- May, 1883, a year after his marriage

manding, and organized and armed with Miss Christine Erickson, daugh-

over four hundred convalescents, and ter of Ole Erickson Quam, he removed

a company of citizens; improvised a to South Dakota (then Dakota Terri-

battery of three old iron cannon, tory) and located near Mitchell, taking

mounted on wagon wheels, and com- up a homestead claim at Crow Lake,

manded this force through the fight Jerauld Co., where his only daughter

of the next day, which resulted in the Anina Rebecca, now Mrs. John C.

repulse of Marmaduke and the salva- Tully, was born, September 11, 1884.

tion of the town and the heavy Here he was engaged in farming, and

amount of supplies of the Army of in the practice of medicine, so far as

the Frontier, there stored. his impaired eyesight would permit.

It was during this battle that Gen- Doctor Melcher was prominent in

Dark Days

201

the early history of the county, and
a member of the board of commis-
sioners by which it was organized,
and was the first citizen to pay a tax
in the county. In N. J. Dunham's
''History of Jerauld Cotinty" it is
said of Doctor Melcher that he ''was
a man of pleasing manners, wide
experience, cultured and possessed of
great creative and executive ability.
He, more than any other member
of the board, shaped the policy that
has been pursued by the county as
an organization ever since."

In 1895 Doctor Melcher was one of
a party of eleven who went in five
"prairie schooners" from South Da-
kota to Lookout Mountain, Alabama.
His subsequent years were spent in
Chicago, Springfield, Mo., and South
Dakota, up to 1909, when he resided
for a time with his son at Hinsdale,
111., and from 1910, till his death,
August 1, 1915, with his daughter
in Chicago.

In 1905, accompanied by his
daughter, he made a six months'
visit to Mexico, going by way of New

Orleans, Vera Cruz and Pueblo, to
the City of Mexico and Guadalajara.

He is survived by his son, Charles
AVoodbury Melcher of Chicago, and
his daughter, Mrs. John C. Tully of
La Grange, 111., also by a brother,
Hon. Woodbury L. Melcher, ex-
Mayor of Laconia, and a sister,
Rebecca F., Mrs. Philip A. Butler, of
Merrimacport, Mass.

Doctor Melcher was initiated in the
I. O. O. F. February 10, 1852; was a
member of the Grand Lodge of New
Hampshire 1853-4; received the
Royal Purple degree, in Penacook
Encampment, No. 3, Concord, August
14, 1854; affiliated with St. Louis
Lodge, No. 5, by card from the Grand
Lodge of New Hampshire, January
7, 1871, and received the fifty year
Veteran Jewel of the Order, from the
Sovereign Grand Lodge in May, 1904.
He was a life member of Class A,
U. S. Grant Post 28, G. A. R. Chicago;
a member of the Society of the Army
of the Frontier, and a Companion
of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion of the United States.

DARK DAYS

By B. B. P. Greene

Days of shadow, spitting rain, with heavy dampness in the air;
Fitful gusts of angry wind the bare old branches rend and tear.
My sinking soul's submerged, and heavy with dull despair;
Weighted with the murky wetness of the moaning, sighing air.

Like the Sabian I love the singing brightness of the sun,

The mystery of the glow where its silver splashes show

Through twisted, gnarled old trees, and the springing quivering leaves,

As the moon makes fairy dances under tangled swaying branches,

Swinging as the breezes blow; light and shade in witching motion, ceaselessly

they play.
Shining beams across the water, in a glorious pathway gleams;
Watching stars that laugh above — each a twinkling face it seems —
Sun, and moon and stars on high (give for rain the falling dew),
Old world, it is the cheery brightness I am worshiping in you.

202 The Granite Monthly

NEW HAMPSHIRE'S INVITATION

By Martha A. S. Baker

Would you spend the summer days
Where the cooling breezes blow,

'Neath the shadow of the hills,

Whence the sparkling waters flow?
Come to New Hampshire.

Would you view the mountain heights.
When the evening shadows fall,

When like sentinels they stand,
Silent, steadfast, grand and tall?
Come to New Hampshire.

When the early morning sky,

Gilds them with a sun-kissed light.

When a veil of silver mist

Half conceals them from the sight?
Come to New Hampshire.

Would you stand within the aisles
Of some deep cathedral wood.

Where the solitude but lures

Thoughts toward God and all that's good?
Come to New Hampshire.

Would you seek the rocky shore,
Hear the rhythm of the sea,

Restless tides that never still,
Sing their tireless litany?

Come to New Hampshire.

Here are rivers peaceful, still,
Mirrors for the earth and sky;

Placid lakes, rare gems, with which
E'en earth's choicest ones may vie.
Come to New Hampshire.

Here are meadows fertile, green,
Graceful elm and stately oak,

Blossoms of the fairest hue,

Woodland creatures, feathered folk.
Come to New Hampshire.

Here's a welcome warm and true
For the old friend and the new;

Stranger, come within our gates.

Here for you a welcome waits.

Come to New Hampshire.

MANSION HOUSE OF WENTWORTH

CHESWILL

By Nellie Palmer George

Wentworth Cheswill, the son of written names of Capt. Benjamin

Hopestill and Catherine Cheswill, Torry, Edward Mosley, and Went-

was born in Newmarket, 1746, and worth Cheswill is a Hne in cypher,

here he lived more than three score He married Mary Davis of Durham,

years and ten, and died, lamented, on September 13, 1767. Thirteen chil-

the 8th day of March, 1817. He was dren were born to them. They made

educated at Dummer. Academy, By- their first home near Piscassic, now

field, Mass., then as now considered called Moonlight Bridge. This house

a good school for boys. afterwards became the home of his

He was appointed Justice of the son Thomas.

Peace when he was twenty-two years He was a prosperous business man.

of age. About this time he was ex- He owned, at the time of his death, all

ecutor of the estate of Deacon Jo- the land bordering on the Wadley's

seph Judkins. In town affairs he was Falls Road, from where now stands

always active. He held the esteem the house built by the late Edwin S.

and confidence of his fellow townsmen. Carpenter, west to Moonlight Bridge.

He executed deeds, wills and other The large house still standing on the

legal papers and acted as judge in the south side of the road near the bridge

trial of causes. was his property and doubtless built

As citizen, judge and soldier he by him. He owned a farm in Durham

stands prominent in the history of and was at one time joint owner with

Newmarket. He was selectman in Benjamin Meade of the Brick House

1783, '85 and '95; assessor 1784, '86, Estate, and property near the town

'87, '91, '97 and '99; auditor 1786, landing. This property extended

'99, 1801, '04, '12, '14 and '16; coro- some ways from the river. Under the

ner 1786, '87; representative 1801; brick sidewalk, in front of what is now

moderator 1801, '04, '07, '09, '11, '13 the Chinese laundry, is a well which

and '16. In church affairs he was was the west boundary mark of the

active. He signed the association test land owned by Wentworth Cheswill

July 12, 1776. and Benjamin Meade.

In the important town meeting. The house where Arthur Dearborn

held in Newmarket October 20, 1775, now lives was his property, and

it was voted to send thirty men to where for many years Martha and

Portsmouth, under command of Lieut. Abigail, his two youngest children,

James Hill. At that meeting Went- lived. From this house a green field

worth Cheswill was chosen to report stretched away to the house of George

to the provincial committee at Exeter Ropelle, now I. T. George's residence,

the proceedings of the meeting and at Exeter Street railroad crossing,

receive their instructions. He was Through this field flowed Solon's

with the men at Saratoga under Col. Brook. There were gravestones in

John Langdon, who marched Sep- this field when I was a child. Giants

tember 29, 1777. were buried here, for we children would

I have a book from his library on find a footstone in line with a head-

"The Power of Parliaments," printed stone twenty feet away and marvel

in London, 1715. It bears the book that men ever grew so tall. On the

plate of Edward Mosley and was the corner opposite the Brick House, or

gift of Capt. Benjamin Torry to Kittredge Place, a little one-story

Wentworth Cheswill. Beneath the house was used as a schoolhouse.

204

The Granite Monthly

Later this was a bake shop, owned by
Nathaniel Robinson in the latter
years of the war. Below it on Main
Street was a two-story house with a
front yard, filled with cinnamon rose
bushes. Both of these houses came
to the heirs of Wentworth Cheswill.
They were burned in the big fire.

I wish I could describe as well as I
can remember the old-time mansion
house of Wentworth Cheswill. In
this house I was born and spent my
childhood. Every room in its detail
of finish and furnishing and the cham-
bers of the ell in their lack of finish
is clear in my mind. I will try to de-
scribe it as it was in 1864, when it was
soon to be sacrificed to the modern
ideas in the mind of the owner.

To one who had been familiar with
the house in the youth of its existence
it would seem to have fallen from its
high estate, but the dignitj^ strength
and beauty of colonial architecture
was apparent, even when it had with-
stood the changes of one hundred
years. It was beautiful for situation.
The stately elm trees in the wide
front yard, the shrubbery and old-
fashioned garden, and, beyond to the
west and north, the farm, one hun-
dred and twenty acres of orchard,
corn field, pasture and woodland, to
Pigeon's Hill, with its wood road
winding through the old growth of
pine sloping to the banks of the Pis-
cassic. There flowed the river to the
west, through the birches and alders,
there the high bush blueberries grew,
quite to the abutments of Moonlight
Bridge. There were oaks and walnut
trees, straight and tall in the rocky
pasture, and in the apple orchard the
native fruit had a flavor all its own.
Beyond, a stone wall, bordered by •
white bloomed locust trees, enclosed
the graves of many Cheswills, marked
by slate and marble stones. In the
tall grasses, outside the front yard
fence, grew ladies' slippers and old
maid pinks. There, a little nearer
the road side, stood a tall, old balm-of-
Gilead tree, from whose branches the
medicinal buds fell to the ground and

were carefully gathered for the heal-
ing of the neighborhood. There were
four big elm trees in the front yard.
Stone walls bounded it. Currant
bushes grew beside the walls, and the
green grass grew all around.

The house faced the south, and it
was founded upon a rock. The foun-
dation wall of the east end of the
house was part of the ledge. This
low-lying ledge extended into the side
3'ard. It was lightly covered with
soil in places and chickweed, the
children's weather prophet, lived here
and held council on hot summer
mornings with the weavers of webs
upon the grass and told us if the skies
would be cloudy or fair. The house
looked old but not dejected. Its
solid oak timbers had resisted decay,
the hand-wrought nails and spikes
held beams and boards in their
original position, and the great chim-
ney received the flames from the
wide fireplaces, with as much safety
as when they were built. Time had
colored the house uniformly and well.

I have never since seen a house
with the same kind of portico. The
front door opened upon a flat stone,
perhaps two and one half b,y three
yards. Two round wood pillars in
each outside corner upheld the roof
of the portico, which joined on to the
house. From this stone floor five
steps of stone led to the front walk
and five steps led to flagstone walks
which extended from the portico on
either side the width of the house.
The stone of these steps was cut
smooth and shapely. In the angle,
formed by the steps on the west, grew
phlox, sweet william and marygold but
on the east side only striped grass and
rosemary would flourish. On either
side of the front door, extending the
width of the house, was a wall of stone,
solidl.y built from the flagstone walk,
up perhaps four feet or higher. This
was doubtless the foundation wall.
It projected from the house and was
topped with a slanting roof not more
than two feet wide. This roofed
wall seemed a part of the house, A

Mansi&n House of Wentworth Cheswill 205

trick of our childhood was to walk this were flowers and yellow glittering

slanting roof without falling off. steps leading up to the harp. There

Easy enough when we could clutch was a bouquet of roses and a wreath

at the window casings but difficult in of flowers on white backgrounds,

the spaces between. The front door These hung in frames, on either side of

was heavy and wide and the latch David's Harp. All of these pictures

lifted with a brass handle. There were painted with transparent paint,

were two windows above and below, and the crinkled tinsel behind them

on the west side of the front door, and made them look different from natural,

one window in both stories, on the Father made the frames for them,

east side. These windows were small- then they were spread over with

paned and fitted with rnside shutters putty; and peas, beans and corn were

or blinds of panelled wood, in two laid on them in patterns; and mus-

sections, so half or all the light could tard seeds covered the putty in the

be excluded, spaces, and then black varnish made

The front hall was square, with a them lovely. Folks used to go a

high closet built in the wall east of visiting for the afternoon or to spend

the stairway. Under this closet a the day very frequently in those days,

table stood, covered with a red woolen So mother used to pull the shutters

tablecloth, the flowered figure of in the parlor and we wouldn't go in

which was in black. The big Bible the room unless it was when mother

always had its place here. The wanted us to be there,

wainscoting was after the manner The living room was on the other

of the times. The stairs were of side of the front entry. In this room

easj^ ascent with here and there a there was a bow cupboard built in

broad stair to accomplish the curve, the east corner. The upper half was

The rooms were lofty, for the time oval at the top, and the door had manj-

when the house was built. Well small panes of glass. Here mother

finished, huge beams ran horizontally kept all her best china and glass

through the ceiling of the rooms and dishes, including the caster with its

in the outside corners were upright shining cruets and the spoon holder

beams, which gave an appearance of and its contents. In the lower half

sohdity and strength, that did not of the cupboard the door was panelled,

detract from the beauty of the room. The wide shelves held Britannia ware

Our parlor was real good. We and on the floor of this cupboard were
children felt proud of it. The win- brown jars, containing company fruit
dows were hung with curtains that cake and special cookies. In a large
rolled up half way and were tied with frame by the front window hung the
red cord and tassels. Over these picture of a tree, with long roots
were white muslin curtains, embroid- and branches, and on the branches
ered. The carpet was large figured, were names instead of leaves. This
red and green. The high-backed sofa picture was the puzzle of my child-
and chairs were of black haircloth. A hood. Then there was the picture
whatnot stood in the corner with a of Daniel O'Connor, the Irish patriot,
lot of new little things on it and some I remember his coat was verj^ short
beautiful shells that our Captain waisted. Over the Green Mountain
Uncle brought from over-seas. The stove on the mantel shelf were oil and
mahogany framed mirror and the big fluid lamps. The wicks in the little
picture of Shakespeare and his friends upright tubes at the top were cov-
hung on the wall. We had oriental ered by day with tiny pewter ex-
pictures. Few people had them any- tinguishers, which hung by small
way. They were something new. chains from the top of the lamp.
We had David's Harp on a blue Between these lamps stood a mot-
groundwork, on either side of which tied brown and white china cow.

206

The Granite Monthly

a recognition of good behavior we
were permitted to raise the hd on
the cow's back and fill her with milk
which we poured from her mouth when
we played party. Her tail was thrown
gloriously over her back to form a
handle and we had to be very careful
not to break her tail or her horns.

A door opened from this room into
mother's bedroom, and under the
fourposted bed was a trundle bed for
the smallest children. Beyond this
bedroom and two steps up was the
bedroom for the older children.

The winter dairy room opened from
the kitchen. There were shelves on
one side; two square windows on the
other. Here stood the dasher churn
and the cheese press.

The kitchen was very large and
doors opened from it into the west
bedroom, the living-room and parlor
and the long ell entry. The fire-
place and its belongings occupied all
of the south end of the kitchen, ex-
cept an entrance way to the parlor,
on one side of the chimney, and on
the other to the living-room. These
jogs in the wall were as long as the
chimney was deep. The chimney
cupboard was in the wall on the par-
lor side and on the east side of the
fireplace was the brick oven. The
uneven hearth extended into the room,
I should say ten or twelve feet. The
stove stood on this hearth and con-
nected with the chimney by a long
funnel. We used to play catch and
run freely between the stove and the
brick oven and in front of the blazing
logs without danger. Into the great
fireplace a grown man could have
walked without stooping, and looking
up have seen the stars at mid-day.
In cold weather the stove and fire-
place doing their level best could not
remove the frost from the kitchen
windows. The big and little cranes
in the chimney did duty on special
occasions, but they had retired from
active service some years before I was
born. The dresser occupied the east
side of the kitchen wall with a cup-
board built in at either end. There

were three shelves above the wide
lowest shelf, and a space below the
wide shelf, between the cupboards,
was raised a step from the floor. This
was a lovely place for a play house,
and here we watched with safety the
delightful process of washing and
sanding the kitchen floor. This floor
did not sag but its wide boards were
worn uneven by long use and the
highbacked wooden rocking chairs
managed by the children would make
good time in a trip around the room.
Three windows flooded the room with
sunlight, and, as I write, I see the old
room and can hear the echo of
"Charming Nellie Gray, they have
taken her away," and that other mem-
ory of mother's voice, "There's a
land of pure delight, where saints
immortal dwell."

The kitchen opened into the ell
entry. At the east end of the entry
was the door to the summer dairy.
Stone steps led down to a room whose
walls and floor and shelves were
stone. In summer the pans of milk
stood here, gathering cream for the
churning. We children took turns at
this, and no cheating. We watched
each other well.

We were interested when the tin
peddler came around and mother
would buy new tin pans with flaring
sides for the milk. We would stand
around the cart and see all the treas-
ures of the outfit. The brooms that
flanked the cart on either side stood
straight like heralds and we saw them
coming over the bridge and would
run with the message, "The tin ped-
dler is a-coming."

On the north side of the ell entry
there were three doors. One led to
the scullery, an unfinished room,
from whose beams in October hung
my father's chief agricultural pride.
In jackets of canvas, cut in sections
like the cover of a baseball, sewed and
laced, were squashes, without spot
or blemish, and of unusual size; and
if father ever boasted about his
squashes I know he could deliver the
goods. A big dresser and sink fin-

Mansion House of Wentworth Cheswill 207

ished the north wall of the scullery, care for the renewing of the beds.
There was a window in this room, and There were bags of feathers for the
the big back door had long hand- same purpose, and there were coarser,
wrought hinges, a latch almost as yellower husks for braiding into mats
long as the door, fastened with a bar. for the kitchen and back entry doors.
It opened on a flat stone, from which Looking up from this room you could
three other steps reached the ground, see only the great chimney which
A smooth, flat rock nearby was occupied the center of the dusky at-
called the horse block. tic. Half way up the stairs, like an
Two other rooms opened from the unset gravestone, stood a church pew
ell entry. The one nearest the end door. It was painted white and
door of the ell was father's work numbered sixteen. It had been ex-
shop. Here was the low shoe- communicated and somehow found
maker's bench, with a canvas seat, a place there. The chimney was so
where our shoes were mended, and wide and the attic so dark that
here was a high horse, almost a really number sixteen seemed like a ghostly
truly one. We could put the reins sentinel, guarding mysteries beyond,
around its neck and ride astride or a which we children had no desire to
side saddle, and if we could manage probe.

to reach the stirrups we could make In the front chambers the beams

the top of his head open and shut, were in the ceiling, overhead, and in

On this the farm harnesses were the outside corners. In the west

mended with long thread called room four windows looked to the south

"waxed ends." and west. The open fireplace was not

The other door from the entry led very large, and nearby a door opened

to the wood room. It seemed a far into a dark smoke room, which was a

road from the big woodshed in the part of the big chimney. Here were

barn to this place of direct supply, cranes for the hanging of the hams.

Both of these rooms were finished and The boards of the floor were wide and

the walls were colored a light yellow, smooth and yellow with paint. In

Doubtless they were bedrooms for the the other chamber the walls were pa-

Cheswills of other days. pered. Paper curtains were rolled

Up the back stairs, from the scul- and tied half way up the windows,

lery, we could look from the north dividing horizontally a wonderful

chamber window over the barn to the picture which seemed to be related or

woods of Pigeon's Hill. In this un- connected by incident or location

finished room were spread the wal- with the big fire board which closed

nuts to ripen. Popcorn traces hung the fireplace. Upon it were castles

from the beams. Here were stored the and bridges and swimming ducks,

winter supply of dried apples, rims The mahogany bureau, lightstand and

of dried pumpkin, blackberries, blue- table, the fourposted bed with its

berries, and sweet corn. It was a spread and valance, the home-made

double chamber without the door, carpet of dark-colored cloth, with

In the other room hung bundles of bright-colored deigns appliqued upon

motherwort, thoroughwort, spear- it, are well remembered. In a nar-

mint, catnip, wormwood and mullen, row frame on the walls hung the

with smaller bundles of gold thread, weeping willow where the weeping

pennyroyal, sage and bay leaves — lady stood by the grave, the stone of

a sort of medicine room, as necessary which was marked "In Memoriam."

in the household as the pills and pel- There were companion pictures. The

lets of today. little girl in red dress and pantalets

There was one other unfinished gazing fondly at a lady whose curls

room. Here were the white inner were held in place by a high backed

husks from the corn, selected with comb and underneath it the inscrip-

208

The Granite Monthly

tion, ''This is Mamma." The com-
panion pictm-e, "This is Papa,"
hung nearby. Napoleon Bonaparte,
in characteristic pose, looked from the
opposite wall.

The best chamber bedroom was not
a bedroom at all. Here were brass-
studded hair-covered trunks, chests
with tills at each side, hat boxes and
bonnet boxes and big round covered
baskets. In this room our best
clothes were hung in the closets,
along with mother's wedding dress
of changeable silk, with its high waist
well boned, low neck and flowing
sleeves all trimmed about with tiny
shell trimmings of silk. There was a
dark blue velvet cape and lace ker-
chiefs and collars, and a brown
beraige bonnet, wired in rows, with a
ribbon bridle in front to pull it over
the face, hung on a nail beside a
quilted petticoat and a pumpkin
hood. Mother said ihory were old-
fashioned. We never saw mother
wear them.

I have taken you through all the
rooms of the house. I have not told
3^ou of the' little windowless house,
with double doors so wide that a dump
cart could be backed into it and con-
veniently emptied of its load into the
cellar; of the barn which stood behind
the house and on lower ground so that
it was half hidden from the road; of
the old willow tree, whose branches
near the ground gave us access to
limbs higher up, and from this
vantage point we could see the tents
go up when a circus came to town;
of the oak grove beyond the circus
ring; the big rocks in the walnut pa -
ture; the rail fences, so easy to climb.

the adventurous land where grew
sweet flag, cat-o'-nine tails and tiger
lilies; of the beauty of Pigeon's Hill,
with its wealth of evergreens, bunch
plums, pigeon and checkerberries; of
the orchard, with the "best apple
tree," the "picked nose" and "striped
apple," the tree by the carrot bed,
"old sour apple," the tree where the
caraway grew, and the watersoaked
bitter sweet; the cherry trees behind
the barn ; the pear trees by the ledges ;
the sweet briar and cinnamon roses
that grew around the square little
house with its two small windows and
octagonal roof, where inside there
was "a little seat for the little wee
bear, a middling sized seat for the
middling sized bear, and a great big
seat for the great big bear." Like
the snow that rifted in under its
sagging door these landmarks of the
Cheswill acres have passed; but
memory has treasured the picture of
my childhood home, and when I think
of the Wentworth Cheswill place,
the present day view dissolves, and I
see the old house, and my mother's
garden with its phlox, sweet william,
balsam, and morning glorys; the
big swing on the elm tree, the barn,
with its hiding places in mows and
scaffold, and I sit again on the low
ledge by the kitchen door, where with
frightened eyes we nightly watched
the comet, and heard our elders talk
of war, of the dreadful crime of
slavery, of John Brown and of his
body mouldering in the grave; and of
the shuddering fear, in the darkness
of the night, to know that his soul
was marching on.

Newmarket, May, 1916.

EXIT MEPHITIS

By Bela Chayin

Alas! he is gone! his probation is o'er —

How it fares with him now I care not to tell;

But this I will say he will feast no more

On my little white chickens he loved so well.

In the deep frog-pond, where the wild flag grows.

He is taking alone unmolested repose.

My Castle 209

MY CASTLE

By Delia Honey

Looking, I saw on the scraggy height
A castle of stone — but dim in the hght—
I tho't can I reach that mountain side
There would I rest, and there abide,
Away from sorrows that bhght.

At first my pathway was hard to find —

A broken twig that was left behind,

A footprint dim in the grasses high,

A crushed fern here, with a torn moss nigh;

The trail was very blind.

But I pushed my way onward, upward, and soon
My eyes beheld beauties, but sun had reached noon,
And I was so weary. A mossy bank
Was just before me, and on it I sank
And slept, till awaked by the moon.

I could not go further, the dews of night

Were fast falling on me, and yet in my plight

By the light of the moon a shelter I sought —

A large shelving rock by some power had been brought,

And beneath it I crept, trusting all in His might.

With daybreak came courage, and strength had its run
In my veins, and I climbed till the morning sun
Rose clear, shedding warmth and beauty bright
Over the earth. My heart grew light,
And I looked for my castle so dun.

It stood high above me — a castle rare,

Substantial and solid, no castle of air;

The mosses and flowers and ferns grew about —

The tree trunks and rocks somewhat lengthened my route,

But twilight would see me safe there.

I reached it. My castle w:;+h jewels bright
Was filled to the utmost — a wondrous sight —
Sweet memorip«. and friendships, and love untold
The story of which can never grow old;
And so in my search I was right.

This castle of mine is a mind content —
No worries, or frettings, or wishes are spent —
For here can I muse of the long ago,
All happy, and thankful that it was so —
The cycles bring with them Contentment.

210 The Granite Monthly

THE ELMS OF NUMBER FOUR

By H. E. Corbin

Stately and silent they've stood on guard
At their post, while a century rolled;

Sentinels, keeping their watch and ward
O'er the sleeping valleys fold.

Silently waiting a foe's advance,
As they waited in days of yore,

When the forest aisles to the warwhoop rang,
'Neath the elms of "Number Four."

What do they whisper, these grand old trees,

Of days of the long ago.
When only the red man's campfire gleamed

By the river's murmuring flow?

The white man's coming, these elms have seen,
And they shadowed his cabin door,

When the village streets were a forest green,
And a king ruled "Number Four."

And they whisper at eve of the call to arms,

That echoed from sun to sun.
While the patriots gathered to follow Stark

To the fight at Bennington.

Now the Indian trail is a highway grand.

And the king rules over the seas,
And the Indian whoop is a motor horn;

That echoes beneath the trees.

But long may they guard us, these sentinels grand.

As they guarded the valley of yore.
And stayed be the vandal that strikes at our elms,

"God's temples" of "Old Number Four."

THE ROSE IS QUEEN

By Sarah Fuller Bickford Hafey

The pasture rose, in beauty, rare,
With odor, sweet, perfumes the air;
In innocence, the white rose opes,
A pure incentive, to our hopes;
The red rose, with its heart of love.
Is like the cooing of a dove;
The queen of flowers is ev'ry rose.
And lulls our hearts to love's repose.

OLD NO. 4 CHAPTER, D. A R.

By Miss S. Abbie Spooner

On February 9, 1910, a number of
ladies interested in the formation of a
Chapter of the Daughters of the Am-
erican Eevolution in Charlestown,
gathered at the home of Mrs. F. W.
Hamhn, on Ehii Street in the village,
to meet ]Mrs. Charles Clement Abbott
of Keene, then State Regent of the
New Hampshire D. A. R.

]\Irs. Abbott presented, in a charm-
ing manner, the work of this great
organization of female descendants
of the patriots of 1776, and gave all
desired information as to its constitu-
tion and by-laws.

At the close of her address it was
voted to organize a Chapter in
Charlestown. Of course only one
name appeared desirable, and the
Chapter was then and there Chris-
tened ' ' Old No. 4. " Under that name
the town had begun its existence,
and was made famous by the heroic
defence of the fort by Capt. Phineas
Stevens and his sturdy little band of
thirtv soldiers and settlers, on April
9, 1747.

At this meeting Mrs. Ada Perry
Hamlin was unanimously elected
Regent, and to her tact and gentle
courtesy the Chapter owes much.

When the organization received its
charter there were sixteen members
three of whom were non-residents.
At the present time — March, 1915 —
there are twenty members. The
first officers of the Chapter were:

Regent — Mrs. Ada Perry Hamlin.

Vice Regent — Miss Sophia Abbie
Spooner.
• Secretary — Miss Grace Ellen Hunt.

Treasurer — Mrs. Emma Parker
Soper.

Registrar — Mrs. Ida Butterfield
Walker.

Historian — Miss Ellen L. Fletcher.

Chaplain — Mrs. Delia Perry
Hutchins.

These all served two years, when,

Mrs. Hamlin declining, Miss Spooner
was chosen Regent and Mrs. Hutchins
Vice Regent, and Mrs. Hamlin be-
come Chaplain.

At the annual meeting in 1914,
Miss Spooner, having served two
years, retired from the regency, and
Mrs. Hutchins was her successor,
Mrs. Marion Shur Wiley becoming
Vice Regent and Miss Spooner, Chap-
lain, the other officers remaining the
same.

Five regular meetings of the Chap-
ter are held each year, on the first
Wednesday of alternate months, from
October to June. These meetings are
helpful and interesting. Papers on
local history have been prepared and
read; also papers on Conservation,
Indian Legends and the early history
of Maryland.

The Chapter decorated with flags
and wreaths the graves of fifty-
four Revolutionary soldiers, and has
secured a considerable fund toward
the purchase of markers for those
graves. It has also contributed to-
ward various objects of particular
interest to all Daughters of the Amer-
ican Revolution. It would highly
appreciate the assistance of any
descendants of the patriots whose
names appear on the list of Revo-
lutionary soldiers, whose graves are
in the cemeteries of Charlestown,
toward raising the needed funds for
markers.

Following is a list of names of sol-
diers of the Revolution, whose graves
have been located by Old No. 4 Chap-
ter, in the cemeteries of Charlestown.
Very few of their graves have per-
manent markers, showing that they
are the last resting places of men who
served in the war for American In-
dependence :

Osmond Baker
Peter Bellows
Theodore Bellows

1734-1802
17 9-1825
1760-1835

212

The Granite Monthly

William Bond

Ephraim Carpenter

Nathaniel Challis

Clement Corbin

Isaac Davis, Capt.

Isaac Farwell, Col.

Ebenezer Farnsworth

Amasa Grout

Elijah Grout, Com. Gen.

Jonathan Grout, Maj.

WilUam Hamlin, Capt.

Josiah Hart

Moses W. Hastings

Stephen Hassam

Ohver Hastings, M.D.

John Hastings, Jr.

Sylvanus Hastings

Wm. Hejrwood, Maj. and Col.

John Hodgkins

Timothy Holden

Jonathan Holton, Capt.

Samuel Hunt, Col.

Jonathan Hubbard, Capt.

Peter Labaree, Sr.

Sylvanus Johnson

Lewis Morris, Gen.

Simon Sartwell, Capt.

Samuel Stevens, Lt. Col.

David Taylor, M.D.

Seth Putnam

Thomas Putnam

Timothy Putnam

Abel Walker, Capt. and Col.

Seth Walker, Lieut.

Jabez Walker

Moses Wheeler, Ensign

Jonathan Willard, Capt.

John Willard, Capt.

Jeremiah Willard

Moses Willard

Jonathan Willard, Q.M.

Joseph Willard

William Willard

Buckminster White

All the above graves are
Hill cemetery.

At North Charlestown
graves of

Nathan Allen
John Adkins
Frederick Locke
Thomas Whipple
Moses Whipple

17.57-1851
1737-1835
1761-1855
1764-1853
172.5-1776
1744-1791
1724-1794
1757-1837
1732-1807
1760-1854
1724-1827
1748-1832
1756-1834
1761-1861
1762-1823
1720-1804
1721-1807
1728-1803
1764-1850
1760-1833
1743-1821
1734-1799
1747-1828
1724-1803
1748-1832
1760-1825
1749-1791
1735-1823
1742-1822
1695-1775
1728-1814
1733-1817
1734-1815
1717-1794
1758-1812
1720-1805
1744-1832
1753-1832
1746-1836
1738-1822
1717-1799
1723-1799
1754-1825
1761-1806

in Forest
are the

1760-1833
1755-1806
1765-1834
1759-1839
1733-1814

P'ollowing is the charter list of
members of Old No. 4 Chapter, with

Note. — This article was written in 1915, and its publication inadvertently delayed.

the names of the ancestors on whose
record they were accepted by the
National Society Daughters of the
American Revolution:

Mrs. Lois Hurd Albee, Concord, N. H.

Nicholas Colby, Cutting Noyes, Nathan
Hunt, Moses Burbank, Peter Labaree.
Mrs. Louise Mitchell Clark, Lempster.

Thomas Mitchell.
Miss Lucretia E. Evans.

John Hodgkins, Wing Spooner.
Miss Ellen L. Fletcher.

Ezra Jones, Henry Silsby, Lasell Silsby,
Dr. John Bartlett, Samuel Fletcher.
Mrs. Ada E. P. Harahn.

Jacob Hunt.
Mrs. Delia M. P. Hutchins.

Jacob Hunt.
Miss Grace E. Hunt.

Jacob Hunt, John Healy.
Mrs. Stella Way Huntley.

Timothy Putnam.
Miss Belle A. Huntley.

Asa Whitcomb.
Miss Clara A. Mitchell, Acworth.

Thomas Mitchell.
Mrs. Isabelle York Osgood.

Eliphalet Hastings.
Mrs. Mary Sanderson Scott.

Jonathan Edson.
Miss Elsie Huntley.

Joseph Parker.
Mrs. Emma Parker Soper.

Col. Benjamin Bellows, Samuel Chase,
Capt. Peter Bellows 2d, Azariah
Wright, Thomas Reed.
Mrs. Hattie Demary Spencer.

John Demary, Solomon Rand.
Miss Jane Olive Spencer.

John Demary, Solomon Rand, Azariah
Knights, Joel Matthews.
Miss Sophia Abbie Spooner.

John Spooner, St. Elias Hull.
Mrs. Ida Butterfield Walker.

WiUiam Butterfield.
Mrs. Marion Shur Wiley.

Luke Swetland.

Of these, two have married since
joining the Chapter: Miss Belle A.
Huntley becoming Mrs. William
Miller, Jr., and Miss Elsie Huntley,
Mrs. Harold Snow, whose daughter,
Catherine, the first Chapter baby,
was born March 9, 1914.

HALF LEATHER

By Shirley Harvey

A bit out from the rush and hurry volume. He looked up with a smile

of the main street stands the city as I took my place opposite him,

library. Without, all is noise and wishing me good day in a hoarse

rattle; humanity seems intent upon whisper and a quick flash of greeting

drowning all sounds in one continuous from eyes that sparkled behind heavy

roar; but within the library all is gold eye-glasses. Then he turned to

quiet. People move along its rubber- his reading again, and I opened my

matted floors on tip-toe, and speak own book.

in whispers as they group about the For many days we met thus, ex-
magazine tables. It is an oasis of changing greetings and then plunging
silence in a desert of sound; a spot at once into the depths of our own
sacred to thought amid endless con- research. Gradually our acquaint-
fusion and babble. Up stairs, among ance increased, and we talked of
the neat stacks of reference books, many little things concerning our
there is a little table before a tiny respective work before settling down
window, at which only the elect may to silent reading. He had read much
sit amid the denser silence of the and variously, and seemed to delight
library's heart. I conceived it as in talking of the book world in which
one of the greatest honors that had he lived and seemed to take such
ever befallen me when one afternoon pleasure. Finally we reached the
the little gray-haired lady who point where we began and left work
watched over the destinies of the together, and I walked with him to the
reference room led me back into the little tenement where he dwelt. He
recesses of the great building. Along generally carried a book with him,
the high gallery from which I could holding it tenderly in the crook of his
see the endless line of people winding arm as a mother holds a child,
up to and away from the desk which "I can't understand how some peo-
radiated an immeasurable stream pie can abuse books the way they
of books going out into the work-a- do," he said to me one day as we were
day world, we went, down tiny flights sitting together at the little table,
of stairs, in and out among the high It was the early part of June, and
stacks of books, and stopped at the through the open window played a
table before the window. She laid light breeze, thrusting in and out of
down the great volumes that I had the casement a stray tendril of the
asked for, and departed, with the climbing ivy that draped the outside
remark that I would be much more of the building. He gazed absently
quiet there and might stay as long as out of the window, a distressed little
I wished. pucker about the corners of his eyes.
Thereafter I sat often at the little "They are like human beings," he
table. I would enter the room, nod went on, ''only they are so defense-
to the little lady at the desk, and less, and dumb except to those that
go straight to the recess among the care enough to interpret them. Yet
stacks, where I would find a pile of some people throw them around, and
books waiting for me. One day I bend the corners of their pages. It
found that the table had another is really distressing to see some of
occupant. An old man with snow- the new volumes that come in down
white hair and beard, and a little stairs after their first journey into the
stoop about his shoulders was en- world. They go out new and fine,
grossed in a great leather-bound with a message for him who has come

214 The Granite Monthly

for it; and they return broken by the to the blank fly leaf. The name that

first encounter of the conflict. They I saw neatly written in a small,

offer good, and receive evil. I cannot smooth-running hand made me start,

understand the attitude," and he fell It was that of my friend of the library

to caressing the back of the half- recess. I had never seen any of his

leather volume that he had opened and handwriting before, but I knew in-

now held closed upon his thumb, stantly that it was his. It had so

He opened it again with a light sigh much that was suggestive of him in

and a quick shake of his head. "I the preciseness and regularity of it,

can't understand it," he said, and and in the absence of sharp angles,

fell to reading, his slender finger Hurriedly I bought the book, thrust

following down the page, pausing now it into my pocket, and started for

and then as he re-read a line here and the boarding-house where he lived,

there. I knew that only the direst need could

One day he laid a brown paper have driven him to sell any of his

parcel beside me before he took his cherished books,
own place opposite. The landlady, who answered my

"It is a little gift," he said, "which ring, looked at me blankly as I spoke

I hope you will accept. You said my friend's name,
yesterday that you had never read "Oh, him," she said slowly, "he

*Leonidas.' This is a very old copy died two months ago. I had to sell

that I have had a long time. It has his books to get my money for his

served me faithfully as a friend, and bill. A poor lot they were, too, all

I should be very happy to know old fashioned leather books that no

that it was serving you in the same one wants to read; the whole lot

way. No, no, please do not thank didn't bring enough to more than

me," he said hastily, as I sought to pay his expenses, and heaven knows

find words in which to express my they were small enough. The book

gratitude — phrases that sounded folks wouldn't print the book he

weak and inadequate because they was writing," she went on, in response

were wholly sincere. to my questioning. "I think that

"I do not give it to you to be helped to kill him, though he was
thanked," he went on, with his quiet weak enough, if it comes to that. He
smile lighting up his face. "You, was always buying books when he
who know and love books, will love ought to have been buying food."
it as I have loved it, and when you "What was the book he was writ-
get through with it, you too will give ing?" I asked. "You say the pub-
it to another who will use it as care- lishers refused it?"
fully, and so it will live long after us, "Yes, sir, that was what I gath-
and spread its light long after ours ered from what he told me. I don't
has ceased to be seen, and all because just know what the book was, but the
we have treated it as a friend and publisher folks said people wouldn't
given it strength to live on." read it, so they wouldn't print it.

For many months I saw him at the He never recovered from the shock of
table every day. But as summer its coming back, just stopped eating
gave way to fall, and fall to the and took to mooning around among
sharper days of winter, I saw him his books. I sneaked one or two of
less often. Finally I left town for them out when he wasn't looking, and
several months. One day, shortly sold them to buy food, which half the
after my return, I paused at the time he didn't eat. And one morn-
counter of a little second-hand book- ing I found him dead. The doctor
store, where a miscellany of old books said it was old age and despondency,
was exposed for sale, and idly picked but I guess it was mostly the last.
up a volume, turning mechanically Folks didn't want his book, that was

Lake Sunapee 215

what troubled him most. He talked I left the dingy little building and
about it to himseK a good deal before walked away up the narrow alley, and
he died. That helped to wear him as I turned into the city street, the
out, too, as I kept telling him, but he raw, cold, March blast beat sting-
would not listen." ingly into my face.

LAKE SUNAPEE

By Laura A. Rice

A wizard's gift from magic land
Was dropped in bowl of silver sand,
From mystic realms we cannot see —
The gem we call Lake Sunapee.
To hide her treasure Nature tried
With forests deep on every side.
And draped the skies with blue and gray,
O'er sylvan spot where jewel lay.

The mist maid spreads her snowy veil,
O'er wooded hill, and flower strewn dale;
Concealed within her bosom broad
Is sparkling gift of Nature's God.
At morn the sun throws gilt shafts bright;
The filmy mist lace fades from sight.
Then wondrous jewel mortals see
And call it fair Lake Sunapee.

The glittering gem, so clear and white.

Repeats the star-lit lantern's light;

The moon, when sailing through the sky,

Is crystal gazing from on high;

She knows there is an occult power

At midnight's witching, magic hour;

She holds enchanter's golden key

Of realms whence dropped Lake Sunapee.

Within its surface, clear and deep.
Are visions mortals see in sleep;
Wierd dreamland power, and magic spell
Are cast o'er all who near it dwell.
The spirit, great, of forest green.
In shimmering light, and golden sheen,
Oh mortals, blind, can you not see,
Guards the crystal Sunapee.

Franklin, N. H.

THE SHOOTING STAR-AN INDIAN LEGEND

By Katharine Winnifred Beane

Each little bird had gone to its
nest; the trees were quiet after a
fretful day, kissed by the first beams
of the Autumn moon. Softly the
river wound its silver stream among
the meadows. All was quiet save the
occasional chirp of a cricket, or the
distant call of the Whip-poor-will, as
silently the veil of darkness was en-
shrouding the land — the evening of
an Indian summer.

Quietly through the wooded path-
way, spotted now and then by silver
moonbeams, strolled Kesaw and Tal-
lahassa — Kesaw, a brave young war-
rior, son of a chief whose ancestors
had ruled over the nations since the
beginning of time; Tallahassa, the
most beautiful of Indian maidens.
They had gone but a little way when
they heard a great noise. Tallahassa
kept close to Kesaw, but he told her
not to be afraid, as it could be noth-
ing more than the drumming of a
partridge, or some other bird flying
through the woods.

They soon came to a little opening
in the woods, and, looking up, Tal-
lahassa exclaimed, "Oh, Kesaw, look!"
He looked up, and behold all the stars
were hanging on the trees and the
moon sailing around keeping them in
order. "Oh, I do wish I could have
one of those," exclaimed Tallahassa,
whereupon Kesaw immediately be-
gan to cHmb a tree to get one. Hardly
had he reached the first limb when to
his amazement all the stars in that
tree jumped into another one. Tree
after tree he tried with the same re-
sults, until at last all the stars were
gently swinging to and fro on one

tree. Almost in despair he started up
that tree when all the stars, singing a
chorus of beautiful music, darted back
to their old home in the sky.

The disappointed Kesaw came
down the tree and found Tallahassa
sobbing at the loss of the beautiful
stars; but she soon dried her tears
and they resumed their walk. In a
short time they came to the river.
Sitting down on the bank they
watched the moonbeams play upon
the rippling surface, while he told her
stories of long ago. At last Talla-
hassa sobbed, "Oh, Kesaw, how I
wish you could have got me one of
those beautiful stars." "I will try
again if you will but give me a pin
with which to catch a flying fish," re-
plied the untiring Kesaw.

Taking the pin that she had in her
blanket, without a word, he started
for the river, returning in a short
time with a flying fish large enough
for both to ride upon. "Get on, Tal-
lahassa," he said and she quickly did
so. He mounted behind her and at
the same time commanded the fish to
fly. Obeying his command it flew up,
up, up, till at last they reached the
stars. Kesaw now began to gather the
brightest ones but they burned his
fingers and he let them fall, while
Tallahassa watched them streak across
the sky.

Ever after, when a shooting star
went streaming across the heavens,
the old squaw told the little papoose
that Kesaw, in his search for a cool
star to please his little Tallahassa, had
burned his fingers again.

Contoocook, N. H.

MOLLY'S PERIL

By Theodora Chase

In the old days, when tramps and They left the highway, and con-
automobiles were yet unknown, a tinued their journey through deep
family comprising a father, a mother forests. Fragrant pines and hem-
and several daughters, lived in San- locks spread their branches above
ford, Maine. their heads, while moss and ferns

The father was a farmer, and each rendered the horse's steps noiseless,
daughter did what she could toward Sometimes they halted by a tiny
her own support. The oldest daugh- spring for the horse to drink and little
ter, pretty Molly, ardently desired bright-eyed creatures of the wood
work, as a certain visit to the city scurried away at their approach,
hinged on her earning money enough The occasional clearings they passed
to buy an outfit for the trip. through were gorgeous with golden-
Molly had helped the neighbors in rod and purple and white asters, and
busy seasons, her strength and capa- old wood roads formed avenues of
bility making her much sought. scarlet sumac in full bloom, making

But for a long time, nobody had it seem as if a bit of tropical landscape

asked for her services. She sat on had wandered into stern New England,

this particular morning at her flax The shadows were growing long

wheel, frowning over her work. and the hermit thrush was singing his

Her wheel was near the open door, lonely note, when the stranger, who

but so engrossed was she, that she had scarcely spoken since they set

heard no footsteps till a sharp rap out, said brusquely, "We'll rest here."

sounded on the casing. Molly was glad enough to dis-

She rose and greeted the stranger mount, being cramped and tired,

with a curtesy. He bowed in return She sat down on the cool pine needles

and asked, "Does Benjamin Frost live to rest, noting idly that the stranger

here?" Molly answered in the af- had not fastened his horse, but

firmative. "Are you his daughter simply flung the reins over his back.

Molly?" "Yes, sir," responded the To this piece of carelessness, Molly

girl. "Then it is you I came to see," probably owed her life,

rejoined the stranger. The man disappeared in the forest,

"I live in York Village. I want and was gone so long that the girl

some one to help my wife a few weeks, was just wondering what had become

Your neighbors recommended you of him, when she heard a tiny snap

highly. Can I engage your services? " behind her and looked up. Her

Molly's heart leaped, for in an- blood froze as she looked, for creeping

ticipation, she saw herself in wonder- towards her with the stealth of a

ful Boston already. Her mother was tiger, was the stranger, a huge clasp

called, and terms quickly settled, knife open in his hand, and the light

After dinner, Molly's tiny bundle of insanity in his eyes. Molly sprang

was placed in a saddlebag, and she up and fled among the trees. In and

and her guide set forth. In those out, around and around a huge beech

innocent days no harm was thought she ran, turning this way and that to

of letting a young girl go away with avoid her pursuer. Once he came

a stranger, and Molly mounted to so close she felt his hot breath on her

her pillion with a light heart. Soon cheek, but she gave a sudden leap,

Sanford lay behind them, and Molly and got out of his reach again,

was gazing around her with a girl's Molly was brave and resourceful,

keen interest in new scenes. Contests with Nature made her keen

218 The Granite Monthly

and quick. Her mind worked as the rapidity of thought, Molly

she ran. snatched a long pin from her dress

If she could reach the horse and and plunged it into his flank. The

mount, she would be safe. She could frightened creature bounded away,

not keep up her race for life much soon leaving the stranger far behind,
longer, and if she tripped, farewell to The girl soon soothed the horse,

the beautiful world she loved so well, apologizing tearfully for her cruelty.

The thought of tripping gave her "It was to save my life, poor fellow,"

an idea. Suddenly she stooped and she cried. "I'm sorry I hurt j^ou so."

caught up a crooked branch from the As night was coming on, she trusted

ground. With a true aim she flung it to the horse's instinct to take her back

between her pursuer's legs. He fell to her starting place, and she was not

heavily. Quick as a flash, Molly deceived, for at dawn, she found

darted to the horse, seized his bridle, herself again at her father's door,
and scrambled somehow to his back! She fell into his arms exhausted,

Looking behind, she saw the mad- and told her story. The next day

man was on his feet again. She gave he said kindly, "You shall have your

the horse a sharp blow, but at his visit, daughter, but you'll go away

master's "whoa!" he stopped. With with no more strange men."

A TRIBUTE TO MOSES GAGE SHIRLEY*

By Lena B. Filing wood

The poet's song is hushed. Sad tears are falling,
For one revered has passed beyond our sight.
'Twas June, and morning birds were softly calling
When, upward, that brave spirit winged its flight.

"The Poet of the Uncanoonuc Mountains,"

He sang the songs of nature and of home,
Content, among New Hampshire's hills and fountains.

Nor ever cared from his loved state to roam.

In body frail, in intellect aspiring,

His quenchless spirit soared in fancy's realm.

His barque of poesy, undimmed, untiring.
He guided, standing staunchly at the helm.

All honor do our hearts accord thee, Ijrother,

Beloved son of this, our Granite State,
And to the names we cherish, yet another

Is added, in the annals of our great.

* Moses Gage Shirley, well known as a poetical interpreter of rural life, bom in Goffstown,
May 15, 1865, died at his home in that town, June 13, 1916.

MEMORY

By George Wilson Jennings

"Memory is like moonlight, the re- To finish the moment, to find the

flections of rays emanating from an journey's end in every step of the

object no longer seen." road, to live the greatest number of

The greatest blessing to mankind is good hours is wisdom."

this splendid word and were it not for On an old sundial at Durham, New

the reflections of time that has passed, Hampshire, is this inscription: "I

the present would be dark and dismal mark only the hours that shine."

at the best. When we go over our This saying inculcates a lesson. It

past lives almost invariably the events teaches us to remember the bright

that are best predominate. days of life, and not forget the bless-

The lines of Moore fittingly ex- ings that are constantly showered on

pressed this sentiment when he said: us. Life, it is true, is not all bright

and beautiful; but still it has its

"Hope shall brighten days to come i- i^i. n ' -i. i, j i •.

And memory |ild the past." ^^g^ts as well as its shadows, and it is

well not to dwell at too great an ex-
The writer inquired of a lifelong friend, tent on the darker portion of the
who had long passed the "alloted" picture. But he who looks on the
age, what she considered the happiest brighter side of life and makes the best
memories in her eventful life. This of everything will, we think, other
was her reply: "To me the best in things being equal, have a happier
life have been my memories of the memory in after life and be happier
seasons. When the Spring comes, and in every sense of the word,
in the soft air the buds are breaking The heart, also, has its memories
on the trees and they are covered with that never die; the rough rubs of the
blossoms, I think. How beautiful is world cannot obliterate them; they
the Spring! And when the Summer are the memories of home. There is
comes, and covers the trees with the magic in that sound. There still
heavy foliage, and singing birds are stands the old house, with its familiar
among the branches, I think, How surroundings! What a flood of mem-
beautiful is the Summer. When the ories come back to one in after years :
Autumn loads them with the golden the driveway with overarching trees;
fruit, and their leaves bear the tint of such flowers as the lilacs, hollyhocks,
the frost, I think, How beautiful is and sweet william bring back mem-
Autumn! And when it is sear Winter, ories that cannot be effaced. The
and there is neither foliage or fruit, home we so well knew and fully real-
then I look up through the leafless ized that while we were there we had
branches (as I never could until now) our parents' protection! Even the
and gaze upon the vast dome of the very schoolhouse, associated in youth-
heavens, and at this eventide of the ful days with thought of tasks, now
year, and of my hfe; the stars never comes to bring pleasant memories of
seemed so brilliant, and beautiful to many occasions that call forth some
me." This gifted person also said generous exhibitions of noble traits of
that all through her life these mem- human nature. There are certain
ories in her existence are like golden feelings of humanity, and those, too,
sheaves. among the best, that can find an ap-
Ralph Waldo Emerson has said: propriate place for their exercise only
" To fill the hour and leave no crevice by one's fireside. There is the one
for repentance or approval. Life it- place where confidence and affection
self is a mixture of power and form, abide.

220 The Granite Monthly

"Take the bright shell changes of our existence. Some early

A ^r"^ ''' ^""T "'' ^^^ ^^^' memories walk with us, step by step,

And ^ ncrG vcr it ffOGS .i iJi ii p l^ ,^

It will sing of the sea; through the paths of the green earth,

So take the fond heart, chng to US through sickness and sor-

'Twill sing of the lov'd, ^^ row, and dwell with us in sunshine and

To the end of the earth. ' shadow; perhaps giving tone and

Most of us have come to mature color to the circumstances by which

years and are exiles from the homes we are surrounded, and, often, very

of our childhood. We may go back to often, thus influencing our actions in

find our parents growing old in the every stage of life.

home we once knew so well; but we ''Memory is to us now, when we

have cast our lot in other places and see 'darkly as through a glass' and

taken up the task of making homes, know only in part, a faint semblance

These sacred and beautiful memories of what 'knowledge' will be to us

of childhood are among the most prec- hereafter."

ious possessions of life. We are like To deprive us of memory would be

the state of Connecticut which has for to leave us dwelling in the darkness

its motto: "He who has brought us of this "prison of the flesh," with our

over will sustain." We have a right lamps of consolation extinguished; for

to coin our memories into anticipa- hope is our lamp and hope is the off-

tions, because they have to do with spring of memory. Memory presents

the purposes and help of the Great the facts to our minds; hope builds

Architect of the Universe. upon them. Thus we borrow from

On the other hand there are mem- the past the light so that our pathway

cries that haunt us through all the shall be illumined toward the future.

THE SUFFRAGE SEA

By Frances M. Abbott

Dame Partington sate in her easy chair,

On the edge of the Suffrage sea;
She said: "My home is all my care;

Now wherefore troublest thou me?"

But the sea it rose and rose again.

"Get out," said old Dame P.;
"This is my home, my sacred home,

Besides I'm a great An-tee!"

But the sea came on in a mighty swell;

"I must get my mop," said she.
The white-capped waves were topped with votes.

"Go back and sit down 'way from me."

She plied her mop, but the votes came in;

"Oh, where am I at?" cried she!
The sea then spake, as it buried her deep,

"Way back in the last century!"

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

REV. SAMUEL C. BEANE, D.D.

Rev. Samuel Collins Beane, D.D., born
in Candia, N. H., December 19, 1835, died
at Grafton, Mass., May 16, 1916.

Dr. Beane was the son of Joseph and
Lydia Haynes (ColUns) Beane. He re-
ceived his preparatory education at the old
Pembroke Gymnasium, and Phillips Andover
Academy, and graduated from Dartmouth
College in 1S58, among his classmates being
the late Hans Hulsey J. Boardman of Boston
and WiUiam H. Clifford of Portland— dis-
tinguished lawyers; Joseph W. Fellows of
Manchester, and Rev. Samuel L. Gerould.
He studied theology at the Harvard Divinity
School, graduating in 1861, and was ordained
pastor of the Unitarian Church at Chicopee,
Mass., January 15, 1862. In January, 1865,
he was settled over the East Unitarian
Church in Salem, where he continued thirteen
years, thence coming to the Unitarian Church
in Concord where he continued in the pas-
torate from January, 1878, till June, 1885,
w^hen he resigned on account of ill health and
became field agent for the American Uni-
tarian Association. His health improving,
he resumed preaching, serving as pastor of
the Unitarian Church at Newburyport for
seventeen years. Later he preached for a
time in Lawrence, but removed to Grafton
in 1909, where he served as pastor until
September of last year when failing health
eompelled his retirement.

Dartmouth College conferred upon him
the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1894.
He was a member of the N. H. Historical
Society, the N. E. Historic-Genealogical
Society, the Essex Institute and the New-
buryport Historical Society. He was presi-
dent of the John Beane Family Association,
and had also been many years president of
the Collins Family Association. He was a
member of the I. O. O. F., and had been
Grand Chaplain of the order in Massachu-
setts. While in Newburyport he served
nine years as a member of the school board.

Dr. Beane had been twice married, and is
survived by a daughter. Miss Elizabeth C.
Beane and a son, Rev. Samuel C. Beane, Jr.,
pastor of the South Unitarian Church, of
Worcester, Mass.

HON. JOHN W. W^HEELER
Hon. John W. Wheeler, long the leading
citizen of the town of Salem, and the oldest
resident at the time of his decease, died there,
May 22, 1916.

He was born in Salem, August 19, 1826,
being, therefore, in his ninetieth year at the
time of his death. His life work was that of
a manufacturer, and he was for many years
the proprietor of a large woolen mill at the
village of North Salem. He was a Repub-
lican in pohtics, and had been prominent
and active in pubUc affairs, having served
six terms in the House of Representatives,
two in the State Senate and one in the Execu-

tive Council, the latter during the guberna-
torial incumbency of Hon. Charles H. Bell.
The late Benjamin W. Wheeler of Salem
was his brother.

REV. LE ROY F. GRIFFIN

Rev. Le Roy F. Griflfin, pastor of the First
Baptist Church of Westwood, Mass., died at
his home in that place, May 24, 1916.

Mr. Griffin was a native of Deerfield, N. H.,
born June 25, 1844, son of Nathan and
CaroUne (Freese) Griffin. He graduated
from Phillips Exeter Academy, and from
Brown University in the class of 1866, and
engaged in teaching, being employed at
PhilUps Andover Academy, at Colby Academy,
New London (1893 to 1899), and at Lake Forest
University, Illinois. While at Lake Forest he
was ordained in the University. Previous to
his settlement in Westwood he had preached
at North Easton, Mass. He wrote much
for magazines and newspapers and was the
author of Griffin's College Physics, Griffin's
Lecture Notes in Chemistry, Peeps at Nature,
and Uncle Prentice. He was proud of the
fact that many of his pupils had attained
prominence, naming among them editors,
lawyers, teachers, foreign missionaries, and
ministers. Rev. Newell Dwight Hillis, Rev.
J. Wilbur Chapman and the late Rev. B.
Faye Mills all spent years in his classroom.
His survivors are a wife, Ruth (Fitts) ; a son,
Dr. Nathan L. Griffin, New London; three
daughters, the Misses Carohne S. and LiUian
F. Griffin, New York City, and Mrs. Albert
N. Dow, Exeter; seven grandchildren and one
brother, Dudley N. Griffin, Beverly, Mass.

HON. EDWIN G. EASTMAN

Hon. Edwin Gamage Eastman, Attorney
General of New Hampshire from 1892 to
1911, and a leader at the bar for more than
thirty years, died at his home in Exeter, after
a long illness, June 20, 1916.

General Eastman was a descendant of
Roger Eastman, the first of the name in
America, who settled in Sahsbury, Mass., in
1638. He was the son of Rev. William H.
and Pauline Sibley (Winter) Eastman, born
in Grantham, N. H., November 22, 1847,
and educated at Kimball Union Academy
and Dartmouth College, graduating from
the latter in the famous class of 1874, which
contained a larger number of members who
became eminent lawyers, than any other
class in the history of the institution, and he
ranked well with the best of them. He
studied law with Hon. Alonzo P. Carpenter
of Bath, and was admitted to the bar in 1876,
in which year he also represented his native
town in the New Hampshire legislature. In
the fall of that year he went to Exeter, and
commenced the practice of his professioii in
the office of the late Gen. Oilman Marston,
with whom, two years later, he entered into
partnership, the connection continuing till
the death of General Marston, in 1900.

New Hampshire Necrology

223

Afterwards he had as a partner, John Young,
now Associate Justice of the Supreme Coiu-t,
and for the past few years he was the senior
partner in the firm of Eastman, Scammon &
Gardner. For a time he was also associated
with Henry F. HoUis of Concord, now U. S.
Senator, with offices in both Concord and
Exeter.

General Eastman was solicitor of Rock-
ingham County from 1883 to 1888; was a
member of the State Senate in 1889, and a
prominent member of the Constitutional
Convention of 1902. For several years past
he had been attorney for the Boston & Maine
Railroad. He was prominently connected
with various corporate institutions in Exeter,
and has long been regarded as the town's
first citizen. An extended sketch of his
career appeared in the Granite Monthly,
for December, 1911.

GEORGE W. STEVENS
George Washington Stevens, long a prom-
inent citizen of Claremont, but for sonae
3'^ears past a resident of Concord, died at his
home in the latter city, April 28, 1916.

Mr. Stevens was a native of Acworth,
born November 10, 1843. While in Clare-
mont, where he resided for thirty years, he
w-as active in town affairs, and was a repre-
sentative in the Legislature of 1905-6. He
M^as especially interested in the work of the
Methodist Episcopal Church in that town,
serving eighteen years as Superintendent of
the Sunday School, and as trustee for twenty-
five years. He was also for a long time
Treasurer of the Claremont Junction Union
Camp Meeting Association.

He had been twice married, his second
wife, who survives him, being Dr. Jane
Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens of Concord.

GEN. TRUE SANBORN
Brigadier General True Sanborn, the
oldest member of the last Legislature, and a
prominent Civil War veteran and National
Guard officer, died at his home in Chichester,
June 9, 1916.

He was born in Chichester, July 30, 1827,
and enUsted for the Civil War September 14,
1861, and was discharged for disability on
November 2, 1864, with the rank of captain.
After the war he was identified for many
years with the State miUtia, and honorably
discharged May 15, 1894, with the rank of
colonel. By act of the legislature of 1909 he
. was breveted brigadier general. He was a
farmer, lumberman and surveyor. As the
oldest member of the House of Representa-
tives in 1915, he took an active part in its
proceedings, serving as chairman of the com-
mittee on military affairs.

MARTIN B. PLUMMER

Martin B. Plummer, long prominent in
New Hampshire Grand Army circles, died at
his home in Laconia, May 16, 1916.

He was born in Meredith, October 11,
1844, son of Moses and Betsy (Smith) Plum-
mer, and was educated in the schools of that
town. In April, 1864, when nineteen years of
age, he enlisted in the First N. H. Cavalry,
for service in the Civil War. After the war
he was for some time in the employ "of the
Cook Lumber Company, and the Laconia
Car Company, but for twenty-three years past
had served as Register of Deeds for Belknap
County, also serving for many years as clerk
of the Laconia Police Court.

In poUtics he was a Repubhcan, but his
interest, outside his official duty, lay prin-
cipally in promoting the welfare of the Grand
Army organization, of which he was Depart-
ment Commander in 1915.

W. IRVING JENiaNS
W. Irving Jenkins, a retired banker and
collector of steel engravings, died at his home
in CHnton, Mass., May 12. He was a native
of Stoddard, N. H., born May 30, 1848, a son
of Sampson and Mary Jenkins. He was the
first clerk of the Clinton Savings Bank in
1865, and in 1868 became teller and was,
later, cashier of the Greenfield National Bank.
Going to Denver for the benefit of his health
he there became cashier of the German Na-
tional Bank, a position he held for fifteen
years previous to returning to CUnton.

Mr. Jenkins was a director of the First
National Bank, Clinton Hospital Association,
Clinton Home for Aged People and Clinton
Historical Society, and was treasurer of the
Spanish War Veterans' Monument Fund.
He had served the town as sinking fund com-
missioner and as library trustee. His collec-
tion of steel engravings, made during many
years, and augmented during frequent trips
to Europe, is considered one of the most
valuable in the United States.

HON. OLIVER E. BRANCH
Hon. Oliver E. Branch, U. S. District
Attorney for New Hampshire from 1894 to
1898, and one of the most eminent lawyers
in New Hampshire, died suddenly, at his
home in Manchester, on June 22, just two
days after the decease of Hon. E. G.
Eastman of Exeter, two of the leading law-
yers of the state, of the same age, represent-
ing opposite political parties, thus passing
away almost simultaneously.

Mr. Branch w^as born in Madison, Ohio,
July 19, 1847, graduated from Hamilton
College, New York, in 1873; was for a time
engaged in teaching, subsequently studying
law and graduating from the Coliunbia
College Law School in 1877. He practiced
for a time in New York, but removed to the
town of Weare, in this State, in 1883, where
he was for some time engaged in literary
work. In 1889, he entered actively into law
practice in Manchester, removing there from
Weare in 1894. A Democrat in politics, he
was nominated and elected by that party as

224

The Granite Monthly

a representative from Weare, \\\ the legisla-
ture of 1887, in the legislation of which
session he was conspicuous; was reelected
for 1889 and was the Democratic candidate
for speaker. He had been for many years
leading attorney of the Boston & Maine
Railroad in New Hampshire. He was a
close student, a logical and forceful speaker,
and his occasional addresses were classical in
diction and strength. His oration at the dedi-
cation of the Pierce statue, in Concord, in De-
cember, 1914, was a masterpiece in this line.

Mr. Branch married, October 17, 1878,
Sarah M. Chase of Weare, who died October
6, 1906, leaving four children — Oliver Winslow,
Associate Justice of the N. H. Superior
Court, Dorothy W., wife of Hon. Robert
Jackson of Concord; Frederick William,
and Randolph Wellington, both also lawyers,
the latter having been just admitted to the
bar as his father passed away. An ex-
tended sketch of Mr. Branch appeared in
the recent Manchester issue of the Granite
Monthly.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

A picture of the "Millet Apple Tree," of
which Mrs. Lydia A. Stevens, of Dover,
wrote in an article in the June number of the
Granite Monthly, from a photograph
taken in the last days of the famous tree.

The Millet Apple Tree

had been made to be presented in connection
with the article, but was inadvertently over-
looked in the makeup and is here presented
for the benefit of any who may have been
interested in the article.

The annual summer outing of the New
Hampshire Board of Trade is to be held,
according to present plans, on Tuesday, July
25, at Canobie Lake Park, upon invitation
of the Salem Board of Trade. While partisan
politics is barred at all meetings of the Board,
it has been customary to invite as guests at
these outings in campaign years, the candi-
dates of the leading parties for Governor and
Members of Congress. Under the pri-
mary system, now in vogue, it is impossible
to tell who these candidates will be; but there
are quite a number of declared aspirants for

nomination already in the field, and it is safe
to assume that several of them will be present
on this occasion, and be heard from along
non-partisan lines. Rosecrans W. Pillsbury
of Londonderry and Henry W. Keyes of
Haverhill are the candidates for the Repub-
lican nomination for Governor who have
thus far announced. In the First Con-
gressional District four men are already
seeking the Republican nomination for
Representative, viz: Cyrus A. Sulloway, the
present incumbent; Rev. Thomas Chalmers,
D.D., George I. Haselton, and Aime E. Bois-
vert, all of Manchester; while in the Second,
Fjdward H. Wason, now serving, is the only
man of his party seeking the nomination.
On the Democratic side Albert W. Noone of
Peterboro has declared his intention to be a
candidate for the gubernatorial nomination,
and John C. Hutchins of Stratford is also in
the field. Thomas H. Madigan, Jr., of Man-
chester is the only First District Democrat
yet to announce his candidacy for the Con-
gressional nomination. In the Second Dis-
trict Raymond B. Stevens, Representative in
1913-15, and Charles J. French of Concord,
are understood to be aspirants.

"Old Home Week" occurs this year August
19 to 26, and the indications are that this
firmly established mid-summer festival will
be as generally observed, in the State of its
birth, this year, as at any time in the past.
As is usually the case, some towns that have
held observances in the past will omit the
same this year, while others that have never
before recognized the event are coming into
line this year with appropriate celebrations.
Among the latter is the thriving town of
Littleton, which advertises an Old Home
Week during the week just previous to that
fixed by the State Association, it being the
week when the Chatauqua is held in the town,
and is making elaborate preparations for the
occasion. Among towns celebrating anni-
versaries during Old Home Week, and com-
bining the same with Old Home Day gather-
ings, are Stratham, which celebrates its
200th anniversary, and Croydon, which will
observe the 150th anniversary of its settle-
ment.

HON. HENRY W. KEYES

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIir, No. 8

AUGUST, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No. 8

HON. HENRY W. KEYES

By H. C. Pearson

For the past half century, there has
been constant complaint, and with
just grounds, that rural New England
was suffering from the loss of her best
young men. The same condition
exists today, and is a chief obstacle
to that revival of New Hampshire
and New England agriculture which
is so much needed and so earnestly
sought. The country boy of spirit,
energy and ambition reads and hears
of the merchant princes and captains
of industry who have gone from farm
homes to achieve wealth, power and
honor in the broad field of business.
The attractions and the opportunities
of the great cities and the great west
make an almost irresistible appeal to
his imagination. He does not know,
or he chooses not to think, of the
hundreds of thousands whose emi-
gration was not successful; who have
exchanged the comfortable security
and manly independence of the farm
life for the cruel competition of the
crowded centers of commerce, where
the underpaid, the underfed, the
treadmill slaves of routine are in so
sad a majority.

In keeping the boy upon his home
acres, in enlisting the support of his
youthful strength and sympathy for
the upbuilding of his home community
and state, it may be of assistance to
point out to him prominent instances
of men who have chosen deliberately
country life in preference to city life,
when the best opportunities of both
were open to them, and who never
have regretted their action.

Such a man is Henry Wilder Keyes
of Pine Grove Farm, North Haverhill,
New Hampshire.

Of inherited wealth and university
training, with individual ability and
ambition, his ties of family and friend-
ship were such as to open invitingly
before him avenues of metropolitan
success in either business or profes-
sional life. But he chose, instead, to
make his home upon the farm his
father had founded in the fertile
valley of the Connecticut river; and
there he has been well content to live
the simple, honorable, useful life of
an intelligent, enterprising, up-to-date
agriculturist and stock-breeder; serv-
ing well his town and state upon their
official call; and assisting in the direc-
tion of important business enterprises.

If the occasion comes, as very prob-
ably it will, for Mr. Keyes to call upon
the boys and young men of New
Hampshire to stand by their state
and to give their enthusiasm and
energy for its progress and prosperity,
his record will say for him that he has
practiced what he preaches.

The genealogist tells us that the
Keyes family in New England traces
back to Solomon Keis, who married
Frances Grant in Newbury, Massa-
chusetts, October 2, 1653. A third
Solomon Keyes, in direct descent,
was one of the five survivors of the
famous expedition of Captain Love-
well's company to Pequawket, Maine^
and was killed at Lake George in the
French and Indian War, September 8,
1755: His son. Colonel Danforth
Keyes, the first white child born in
the town of Warren, Mass., the date
being July 6, 1740, served through
the War of the Revolution and was
a personal friend of General and
President George Washington. At

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The Granite Monthly

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the close of the war the town of Hard-
wick, Vt., was granted to him and
his associates.

His son, Thomas Keyes, prior to
1800, migrated from Massachusetts to
Vermont, where his son, the elder
Henry Keyes, was born January 3,
1810, in the town of Vershire, remov-
ing, before his majority, to Newbury,
just across the Connecticut river from
Haverhill. This Henry Keyes was
one of the men who laid the founda-
tions of the business prosperity of the
comparatively young state of Ver-
mont. He was a farmer, merchant
and railroad builder, president of the
Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers
Railroad and at one time of the Atchi-
son, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad.
A Democrat in politics, he was three
times the candidate of his party for
governor of Vermont. His estate of
1,500 acres on both sides of the Con-
necticut river at Newbury and Haver-
hill he made one of the model farms
of his time, equipping it with all
improvements and engaging on a large
scale in the breeding of fine stock,
Durham cattle and Merino sheep,
particularly.

He died September 24,. 1870, leav-
ing a wife who was Miss Emma F.
Pierce, and five young children, three
sons and two daughters.

The eldest of these sons was Henry
Wilder Keyes, born in Newbury, Vt.,
May 23, 1863. He was educated in
the Boston public schools, at Adams
Academy and at Harvard College,
from which institution he graduated
with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in
1887. While he was a good student
and maintained a creditable scholastic
rank at academy and college, Mr.
Keyes was prominent, also, in the
various other activities of school life,
particularly in athletics. While at
the academy he established an inter-
scholastic record for that time of five
feet, ten and one-half inches, in the
running high jump. At Harvard he
was a quarter mile runner and a
member of the football squad, but
gave most of his attention to rowing.

Hon. Henry W. Keyes

227

During the entire four years of his
college course he was one of the
'varsity crew and in his senior year
he had the honor and satisfaction of
being the captain of a crew which
once won a splendid victory over Yale.

At graduation Mr. Kej^es was
elected first marshal of the senior
class for Commencement Week, the
highest evidence of popularity and
leadership which can be given at
Harvard. He was a member of the
Dickey and A. D. clubs and one of the
best known and best liked men of his
day at Cambridge.

Even before the completion of his
college course Mr. Keyes had assumed
many of the cares of the management
of the family estate at Newbury and
Haverhill and in its upkeep and devel-
opment he was very much interested.
Pine Grove Farm, proper, at North
Haverhill, was owned originally by
Moses Dow, a distinguished citizen
and one of the first lawyers of Grafton
county, who settled there before the
Revolutionary War and made it a
center of political and business influ-
ence for the surrounding country.
Historic interest is thus added to its
beauties of picturesque location and
prosperous maintenance.

Immediately following his gradua-
tion, Mr. Keyes made an extended
European tour during which he visited
Friesland, the home of the Holstein
cattle, and there made personal selec-
tion of stock for Pine Grove Farm;
being thus one of the first, if not the
first, to make direct, personal impor-
tation of this stock to America.

In the almost thirty years that have
elapsed since his graduation from Har-
vard Mr. Keyes has made his home
continuously at North Haverhill, and
.while business and politics have made
extensive demands upon his time, his
first care always has been for the
management of his farm and its
cooperative connection with the inter-
ests of its community.

He has bred with marked success
Holstein and Jersey cattle, French
coach horses, Shropshire sheep and

Yorkshire swine. The fertility of his
acres has been maintained, their cul-
tivation has been conducted in ac-
cordance with the new ideas and
modern discoveries in agriculture and
he has come very near achieving to
the full his worthy ambition of making
Pine Grove a model farm in all that
title might imply.

It has been his constant desire, also,
to have his farm contribute in every
possible way to the general prosperity
of its community and in such enter-
prises as the establishment of the
successful creamery at North Haver-
hill he has been a leader.

Residence of Hon. H. W. Keyes

It was inevitable that a man with
Mr. Keyes's qualifications for public
service should be called upon by his
fellows to exercise them, and in 1891
and again in 1893 he was elected a
member of the house of representa-
tives from the town of Haverhill,
serving at each session on the com-
mittee on education, and by such
service qualifying for the appoint-
ment which he received as a member
of the board of trustees of the New
Hampshire College of Agriculture and
the Mechanic Arts at Durham for
the term, 1893-1896, covering the
critical period of the institution's
transfer from Hanover to its new
location.

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The Granite Monthly

In 1915 Mr. Keyes was again a
member of the house of representa-
tives and served upon the important
committee on appropriations. In
1894 he was a candidate for the state
senate and received more votes at the
polls than did his principal opponent;
but under the constitutional provi-
sion then requiring a majority of all
the votes cast, the election was
thrown into the legislature, where Mr.
Keyes was defeated. In 1902, how-
ever, again contesting the election to
the state senate for the second dis-
trict, he received 2,291 votes to 1,554
for the veteran Samuel B, Page. In
that senate, which was one of notable

ganized the commission to which
Governor Felker made new appoint-
ments. This work was undone
promptly by the Republicans when
they resumed the reins of power at
the session of 1915 and Mr. Keyes
was as promptly restored to his place
upon the board, this time becoming
its chairman. This office he resigned
on the day when he filed his declara-
tion of candidacy for the Republican
nomination for governor of the State
of New Hampshire,

The license or excise commission
has a most important and difficult
duty to perform in its administration
of the liquor laws of the state. It

'-■ ■>^-m^:sjmm

Holstein Cattle, Pine Grove Farm

ability, Mr. Keyes served as chairman
of the committees on railroads and
forestry and as a member of other
committees on military affairs, banks,
incorporations and roads, bridges and
canals.

It was the legislature of 1903 which
passed the New Hampshire local
option liquor law and established a
license commission to take charge of
the administration of the new statute.
The degree of confidence in the ability
and integrity of Senator Keyes was
shown in his appointment by Gov-
ernor Nahum J. Bachelder as an
original member of this important
commission. His service in this ca-
pacity was made continuous by suc-
cessive re-appointments until 1913,
when a Democratic legislature reor-

must deal with equal justice with
those communities which wish, and
with those which do not wish, to
have liquor sold in their midst. It
must impose reasonable and salutary
restrictions upon its licensees and
must see that those restrictions are
complied with to the letter. The
unusual powers vested in it by the
statute it must exercise with consid-
eration for the legal rights of its
licensees and yet with constant regard
for the protection and preservation
of law and order.

To say, with truth, that in his
more than a decade of service upon
the commission Mr. Keyes has so
performed his duties as to meet the
approbation both of those who oppose
the sale of liquor and of those who

Hon. Henry W. Keyes

229

are engaged in it as a business, is to
pay a high compliment to his common
sense, good judgment and determina-
tion to fulfill to the best of his ability
his oath of office.

It is probable, however, that the
public service in which Mr. Keyes
takes the most pleasure is that which
he hafe rendered to his home town of
Haverhill as chairman of its board of
selectmen. First elected to the board
in 1894, he has had sixteen reelections
and during much of the time he has
been at the head of the board.

. Says a prominent fellow-towns-
man: "Haverhill owes Mr. Keyes a

Mass., of which his brothers are the
other executive officers. Upon be-
coming a candidate for the guberna-
torial nomination this summer, and
in view of the possibility that railroad
legislation may be needed in 1917,
Mr. Keyes withdrew from official
connection with the railroad corpora-
tion of which he was the head.

Mr. Keyes is a Mason and a Patron
of Husbandry and by religious affilia-
tion a Protestant Episcopalian.

He married at Newbury, Vt., June
8, 1904, Frances P., daughter of John
H. and Louise (Johnson) Wheeler,,
and they have three children: Henry

Pine Grove Farm From a Distance

great debt for his most valuable and
efficient service in town affairs. His
executive ability is universally recog-
nized and he enjoys the unlimited
confidence of his fellow citizens with-
out distinction of party. He is
eminently public-spirited."

Outside of his farm management
and his public service, Mr. Keyes has
various and important business con-
nections. He has been a director and
president of the Passumpsic and Con-
necticut Rivers Railroad corporation;
a director of the New England Tele-
phone and Telegraph Company ; presi-
dent of the Woodsville National Bank;
and vice-president of the Nashua
River Paper Company of Pepperell,

Wilder Keyes, Jr., born March 22,
1905, John Parkinson Keyes, born
March 26, 1907, and Francis Keyes,
born December 4, 1912.

Mr. Keyes always has been fond of
out door life, for play as well as for
work, and was one of the founders of
the famous Parmachenee Club in
Maine. He retains a lively interest in
the sports of his college days and
seldom misses an important athletic
event in which the crimson of Harvard
is arrayed against the blue of Yale.

His manner is characterized by a
quiet, unobtrusive kindliness that
wins the instant good will of those
with whom he comes in contact, but
which does not reveal the inherent

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The Granite Monthly

Woodland View, Pine Grove Farm

strength of his mental and moral
make-up. That is shown when he
turns to walk away and his square,
broad shoulders, reminders of his
athletic past, strike the eye.

Travelers through Haverhill, espe-
cially passengers on the White Moun-
tains Division trains of the Boston &
Maine Railroad, get a beautiful
middle-distance view of Pine Grove
Farm. So attractive is the vista, the
handsome farm buildings in their
picturesque setting, and the fine
cattle grazing in the rich fields, that
many a stranger is impelled to ask of
a fellow traveler or of the brakeman
or conductor, "Whose place is that"?

The invariable answer has been,
" That's Harry Keyes's farm," for Mr.
Keyes is "Harry" to. the whole North
Country.

But his friends hope and expect that
after January 4, 1917, the new reply
will be given, "That's the home of the
governor of New Hampshire."

TWILIGHT IN THE COUNTRY

By Lucy H. Heath

How dear to the heart is the hour
When all is hushed and still;

The crickets chirp, the shadows grow;

There is a note which we all know^
The note of the whippoorwill.
Whippoorwill! Whippoorwill!

Up, above us, the night hawk soars;

His note is both loud and shrill;
The chickens peep with drowsy tone;
Again that note sounds sad and lone —

The note of the whippoorwill.

Whippoorwill! Whippoorwill!

CROYDON, IN THE MOUNTAINS

Settled 150 Years Ago, the Little Town Now Celebrates the Event

By H. H. Metcalf

Croydon Mountain, From the Newport Meadows

The town " of Croydon, today the
least populous of all Sullivan County
towns, with a single exception, hav-
ing but 324 people within its borders
at the last census, and probably even
a less number at the present time,
although numbering a thousand in-
habitants a century ago, celebrates
the One Hundred and Fiftieth Anni-
versary of its settlement on Thursday,
the 24th day of the present month.

Croydon was chartered by Gov-
ernor Benning Wentworth, in the
name of King George III, May 31,
1763, the town being granted to
Samuel Chase and sixty-four others.
As specified in the charter, the town
as originally laid out contained 23,040
acres, equivalent to a territory six
miles square, though not laid out in
that form, no. two sides being the same
in extent. This territory, it may be
remarked, was subsequently reduced
by the annexation of a strip of land,
half a mile wide, on the north side,
to the town of Grantham in 1808,
and another tract from the northwest
corner, in 1809, to the town of Cor-
nish.

The customary reservations, of
one share for the Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign
Parts, one for a glebe for the Church

of England, one for the First Settled
Minister of the Gospel, and one for a
school in the town, and a tract of 500
acres for His Excellency the Governor,
were made in the charter, the govern-
or's plot being located in the south-
west corner of the town. Provision
was made for the payment of the rent
of one ear of Indian corn annually,
on the 25th day of December, for the
space of ten years; and by each pro-
prietor, settler or inhabitant, of one
shilling, proclamation money, annu-
ally, forever. It was also stipulated
that each grantee, his heirs or as-
signs, should plant and cultivate five
acres of land, within the term of five
years, for every fifty acres contained
in his holding, and continue to im-
prove and settle the same by addi-
tional cultivations, on penalty of
forfeiture.

It was not until three years after
the charter was granted that any
movement toward the settlement of
the town was made, though the pro-
prietors, who were largely residents of
Worcester County, Mass., held a
meeting in the town of Grafton in
that county and effected an organi-
zation, June 17, 1763. As in case of
most other towns granted about this
time, comparatively few of the gran-

HON. WILBUR H. POWERS
Orator of the Day at Croydon's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary

Croydon, in the Mountains

233

Spectacle Pond, Croydon, N. H.

tees ever settled in the town, or ever
even saw the land assigned them,
disposing of their rights to others.
In the spring of 1766, it is recorded
that several men from Grafton, Mass.,
among whom were Moses Whipple,
Seth Chase, David Warren and Eze-
kiel Powers, the two former being
among the grantees, came to Croydon,
to spy out the land, and make some
preparations for a settlement, one
Ebenezer Waters accompanying them
as a surveyor.

Just what impression the first view
of the country, where their future

homes were to be, made upon the
minds of these men, history has not
recorded; nor has the fact been
handed down in story or legend. It
is improbable that they indulged in
any mental rhapsodies over the scenic
beauty spread out before them —
beauty unsurpassed anywhere in this
grand old state, noted throughout the
land as the "Switzerland of America,"
whose marvellous attractions have
inspired the poet's pen and the paint-
er's bnish for many a year. These
were hard-headed, strong-hearted,
practical men of their day and gene-

HoN. Wilbur Howard Powers, orator of the day at the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary-
celebration of the settlement of the town of Croydon, August 24, 1916, was most happily
chosen for such important service. A native of the town, direct descendant of one of the
original settlers, representative of a family conspicuous in Croydon's history from the start,
and the most distinguished native member of the legal profession now living, he is preeminently
qualified to speak in this capacity.

Mr. Powers was born in Croydon, January 22, 1849, son of Elias and Emeline (White)
Powers. The name Powers, was originally La Poer, and the first of the name of whom there is
definite knowledge, came over from Normandy with William the Conqueror, was one of his
generals in the battle of Hastings, and his name appears on the roll of Battle Abbey. The
name anglicized has been spelled Poer, Powre, Poore and Power. Walter Power, the first of
the name in this country, came here from England in 1654, and settled in what is now Littleton,
Mass. His sons added the "s" to the family name.

Ezekiel Powers, great grandfather of Wilbur H., was one of the first settlers of Croydon, was
its largest landowner, and wealthiest man, and was a magistrate of the town under King George
, III. He was a powerful man, physically and mentally, and of great inventive genius. He con-
structed the first sidehill plow, loop sled, and sap pan, for making maple sugar. His son. Major
Abijah Powers, grandfather of Wilbur, was prominent in town affairs, several years chairman
of the board of selectmen, three times representative, and an officer in the War of 1812. Elias
Powers, father of Wilbur, was a farmer and surveyor, born May 1, 1808, and died January 29,
1891. He was noted for his sound judgment and absolute reliability. Hp served long as a
justice of the peace and quorum, and was a member of the board of County Commissioners.

It has been written that "the Powerses were distinguished for their giant forms, great phys-
ical strength and vigorous intellects," and the subject of this sketch ijiay be fairly regarded as
a worthy representative of the race, though it is fair to remark that he owes not a little to his
maternal as well as paternal ancestry. His mother was the daughter of Capt. James White, of

234

The Granite Monthlij

Town House and Church, Croydon, N. H.

ration — men whose business and mis-
sion it was to clear away the forest,
subdue the soil and lay the founda-
tions of that later civilization, wherein
culture and education should develop
a taste for beauty in nature as well
as art. They had neither time nor
inclination to indulge the esthet-
ic spirit, if they possessed it even
in rudimentary form. 'They found
heavy forests and a rough and rugged
soil, rock-bound, but by no means

sterile, giving promise of fair return for
patient and persevering toil; and they
returned encouraged, after spending
several weeks in laying out lots,
erecting cabins, and making other
preparations for a settlement.

Soon after the return of the party
to Grafton, Seth Chase, with his wife
and a child, set out-, with their be-
longings, to establish their home in
the new settlement, making the jour-
ney of 110 miles by horseback, and

Newport, and Tirzah, daughter of Capt. Joseph Taylor. Elder John White, who came from
England in 1632, with members of the parish of Rev. Thomas Hooker, and settled in Cam-
bridge (then Newtown) was Mr. Powers' first ancestor in this country on his mother's side.
Widener Hall, the Harvard Library, is built on a part of what was his home lot. He served on
the first board of selectmen of Cambridge. Later he removed to Hartford, Conn., where he
was one of the founders of the town. He served several times on the board of selectmen, and
was a recognized leader in civic affairs. In 1659 he removed to Hadley, Mass., and aided in
founding that town, serving as selectman several times, and as a representative in the General
Court. In 1670, however, he returned to Hartford, at the call of the church to take the respon-
sible position of elder. His son Nathaniel, next in the line, enjoyed the distinction of being
elected eighty-five times to the Connecticut legislature from Middletown, serving continuously
50 years, representatives being chosen twice a year for a part of that period. Captain Joseph
Taylor, one of Mr. Powers' maternal great-grandfathers, served in all the Indian and Colonial
Wars, and was an aide-de-camp to General Stark in the Revolution.

Ambitious to obtain a liberal education, though promised but a single term at an academy
as a final outfit, he succeeded in persuading his parents to allow him to complete the course at
Kimball Union Academy; but he sought no further favor in this direction at their hands,
preferring to rely upon his own efforts. Finding a friend in the late Ruel Durkee, he borrowed
from him what was required for the expenses of a college course in addition to what he was able
to earn, and graduated from Dartmouth in the class of 1875, with the degree of A.B. receiving
that of A.M. in 1880. Pursuing the study of law he graduated LL.B. from Boston University
Law School in 1878, and, January 22, following, commenced practice at 13 Pemberton Square,
Boston, from which day to the present he has been engaged in an active and constantly growing
practice, besides devoting much attention to political, educational and social life, while keeping
fully abreast with the progress of the times through the reading habit, which he acquired in

Croydon, in the Mountains

235

Street View in Croydon

arriving, it is said, about June 10, and
being the first white family settled in
the town. Two weeks later Moses
Whipple and David Warren also
arrived with their families. Mr.
Chase's cabin is said to have been
located about half a mile southwest
from Spectacle Pond; while Whipple
and Warren located near the center of
the town, about half a mile apart.
Some corn was planted, a nursery
started and a sawmill built the first

year. Moses Leland and Ezekiel
Powers, with their families, joined the
settlement the next year, and several
young men are said to have come and
worked through the season, some of
them remaining through the winter.

March 8, 1768, they held the first
town meeting. This seems to have
been an occasion when there were
offices enough to ''go around," and
more. Moses Whipple was chosen
moderator, town clerk and selectman.

marked degree even in early childhood, and also indulging in various forms of recreation essen-
tial to the maintenance of bodily and mental vigor.

He has been counsel for the towns of Hyde Park, Cottage City and Wareham, for the Old
Colony and New Haven Railroads, the Golden Cross Society, and Balch Bros. Company;
receiver for the Guardian Endowment Society, and executor and trustee of many large estates.
He represented the town of Hyde Park in the Massachusetts legislature three successive years —
1890-91-92 — and during his service had charge of many important measures, and probably
drafted more bills for other members than all the rest of the house together. He was the
acknowledged leader on the Republican side during the latter part of his service. He was a
member of the Republican State Committee in 1893-4, and a presidential elector in 1896,
casting his vote for William McKinley. He was a member of the first board of park commis-
sioners for Hyde Park, 1893-1900, and a member of the school committee from 1899 to 1909,
when he removed from the town.

Mr. Powers has been an active member of the United Order of the Golden Cross, Masons,
Royal Arcanum, Delta Kappa Epsilon, Sons of the American Revolution, Fraternal Congress
of America, Boston City Club, Colonial Club of Cambridge, Waverly Club of Hyde Park, Point
" Independence Yacht Club, Dartmouth Alumni Association, Alumni Association Boston Uni-
versity School of Law, Kimball Union Academy Alumni Association, and the Republican Club
of Massachusetts. He has held official positions as chairman of the committee on laws for the
,Golden Cross from 1885 to 1895, and counsel since 1885; president of the Waverly Club for
many years; president Boston University Alumni Association, Kimball Union Academy
Alumni Association, and president of the National Fraternal Congress in America in 1913.

May 1, 1880, he married Emily Owen, who died in 1912, leaving two children, Walter Powers,
who is now his father's partner in legal practice, and Myra, who died March 4, 1916. May 17,
1916, he married Lottie I. Kochler, nee Mills, and now resides in Brookline. His office is now,
and has been for many years, in the Rogers Building, 209 Washington St., Boston.

236

The Granite Monthly

Moses Leland was made first select-
man, and David Warren third, Seth
Chase and Ezekiel Powers seem to
have been obsessed with modesty,
and took no office at all; Moses
Whipple had no hesitation of the sort,
and, in addition to the three offices
which he had already taken, when it
came to the choice of a tithing-man
was given and accepted that position
also. Moses Whipple, in fact, was
at the start, and for a long series of
years, the leading man in the town.
It is said of him that he was elected

Hon. William P. Wlieeler

to more offices of trust and profit than
any other man who ever belonged in
Croydon. He served as selectman
fourteen years — -the first ten years
consecutively — was for ten years town
clerk, represented the town in the
Provincial Congress and in the legis-
lature, was chairman of the town Com-
mitee of Safety through the Revolu-
tionary period, was made a justice of
the peace and captain of the town
militia before the Revolution, holding
the office for many years. Better
than his record of honorable office-
holding, is the fact recorded by his

biographer, that ''His door was ever
open to receive the needy immigrant,
and he parted with a large estate, in
acts of disinterested kindness and
generosity to those around him."

Several more families arrived in
town in 1768, and in that year the
town was re-chartered, on account of
the inability of the proprietors and
settlers to fulfill the conditions of the
first charter, under the unfavorable
conditions with which they had met.
Although there were great hardships
to be encountered, and many priva-
tions endured, provisions having to be
brought at times over the mountain
from Cornish, many miles through
deep snows, with marked trees only to
trace the way, the settlement con-
tinued to grow, till, in 1775, at the
outbreak of the Revolution, there
were 143 inhabitants in town. Not
a few of these were children born in
the settlement, of whom the first
was Catharine, daughter of Moses
Whipple, born May 13, 1767, and the
second, Joshua, son of Seth Chase,
born October 29 the same year.
Here may be noted the most distress-
ing incident in the early history of
the town — the loss of Caleb, the six-
year-old son of Mr. Chase, who had
been brought to town as an infant,
and who strayed off in the forest, one
day in the spring of 1771, while at-
tempting to make his way to the house
from the place where maple sugar was
being made, and was never found,
though the most diligent and pro-
tracted search was made.

The men of Croydon were prompt
to respond to the country's call at the
outbreak of the Revolution, the news
of the battle of Lexington spurring
them to action. Two men, Ebenezer
Leland and Abner Brigham, went
from the town at once, to join the
patriot forces near Boston, and a
dozen or more were immediately
enrolled as "minute men" ready for
service at any call. Nine Croydon
men were in the company of Capt.
Solomon Chase of Cornish which
marched to Ticonderoga in 1777, and

Croydon, in the Mountains

237

eight were with General Stark in the
expedition which terminated in the
victory at Bennington. Shortly after,
Captain Whipple, with a company
composed of Croydon and Cornish
soldiers, responded to the call for men
to aid in checking Biirgoyne's prog-
ress, and were in the service until
after the surrender of the British
commander and his forces. By lib-
eral bounties and otherwise, the town
met all calls for service, a'nd had its
full quota of men in the army through-
out the war.

Mr. John Cooper, in his historical

Eleazer Leland, Rufus King, Rufus
Kempton, Phineas Newton, Stephen
Powers, Urias Powers, David Powers,
Samuel Powers, Caleb Putnam,
David Putnam, Benjamin Sherman,
Ezekiel Rooks, Daniel Rooks, Phineas
Sanger, John Sanger, Isaac Sanger,
Robert Spencer, David Stockwell,
Benjamin Swinnerton, Benjamin
Thompson, Gershom Ward, Aaron
Warren, Moses Warren, Aaron Whip-
ple, Isaac Whipple, Moses Whipple,
Thomas Whipple, Samuel Whipple,
Nathaniel Wheeler, Seth Wheeler,
Isaac Woolson.

School House, Croydon, N. H.

sketch, published in 1852, from which
all subsequent writers have gleaned
most of their material, gives the names
of fifty-five Croydon men who were
enrolled in the service, at one time
and another during the Revolution.
They were: Bazaleel Barton, Benja-
min Barton, Abner Brigham, Cornel
Chase, John Cooper, John Cooper, Jr.,
Sherman Cooper, Ezra Cooper, Ben-
jamin Cutting, Jonas Cutting, John
Druce, Amos Dwinnell, Enoch Emer-
son, Daniel Emerson, Timothy Fisher,
Edward Hall, Edward Hall, Jr., Amos
Hager, Bazaleel Gleason, James Howe,
Abijah Hall, Jacob Hall, James
Hall, Joseph Hall, Samuel R. Hall,

As stated in Mr. Cooper's sketch,
quite a number of other men who
served in the Revolution, settled in
Croydon after the war, but at the time
of' his writing, all these had passed
away, along with those enlisting from
the town, and not a Revolutionary
survivor remained. The patriotic
spirit of the people of Croydon has
ever been maintained. A dozen men
of the town were in the service in the
War of 1812, and nearly one hundred
natives and residents responded to the
Country's call in the Civil War.

The population of the town in-
creased rapidly after the Revolution,
so that when the first federal census

238

The Granite Monthly

was taken, in 1790, there were 536 in-
habitants, in ninety-four famiHes, the
heads of which families were given as
follows :

Moses Bardeen, William Bowen,
Simon Burdon, Bazaleel Barton,
Benjamin Barton, Timothy Claflin,
Nathaniel Clark, Richard Coit, Bar-
nabas Cooper, Ezra Cooper, Joel
Cooper, John Cooper, John Cooper,
Jr., Samuel Cooper, Sherman Cooper,
Moses Cummings, Benjamin Cutting,
Francis Cutting, John Cutting, Mary
Cutting, Hercules Darling, Solomon

Rev. Baron Stow, D.D.

Davis, Amous Dwinell, Archelus
Dwinell, Timothy Eggleston, James
Elliot, John Elliot, Thaddeus Elliot,
William Glidden, Thomas Gordon,
Jesse Green, Amos Hagar, Abijah
Hall, Edward Hall, Edward Hall, Jr.,
Emerson Hall, Ezekiel Hall, Ezra
Hall, John Hall, Samuel R. Hall,
James Hill, Mary Howe, John
Hudson, John Humphrey, Ephraim
Kempton, Jeremiah Kempton, Rufus
Kempton, Jacob Leland, Samuel
Marsh, Ebenezer Melendy, John
Melendy, Abel Metcalf, Obed Met-
calf, Samuel Metcalf, Moses Nel-

son, Phineas Newton, John Noyes,
Henshaw Parker, Simeon Partridge,
Matthew Porter, Benjamin Powers,
David Powers, Ezekiel Powers, John
Powers, Lemuel Powers, Samuel Pow-
ers, Stephen Powers, Uriah Powers,
Caleb Putnam, David Putnam, Abner
Record, John Reed, Moses Reed,
Ezekiel Rokes, Phineas Sanger, Wil-
liam Shurtleff, Caleb Smart, Lucy
Sparhawk, David Stockwell, Uriah
Stone, Jonah Stow, Moses Walker,
Gershom Ward, Nathaniel Wheeler,
Seth Wheeler, Aaron Whipple, Moses
Whipple, Moses Whipple, Jr., Thomas
Whipple, Constant White, William
Williams, Ebenezer Winter, Jeremiah
Woodcock.

It will bev noted that two women's
names are given in this list of heads
of families. The first of these, Mary
Howe, Vv^as the widow of James Howe,
who had served in the army, and who
died in September, 1777, leaving a
widow and three young children.
As showing the difficulties in the way
of settling estates in the early days,
before the development of the present
probate system, reference may be had
to a petition, in the state archives at
Concord, from this widow, addressed
to the " Honorable Council and House
of Representatives of the State of New
Hampshire, in General Court as-
sembled," setting forth that her hus-
band died seized of a homestead farm
of 150 acres, with a small dwelling,
and about thirty acres of improved
land, and asking permission to sell
the same for the benefit of the heirs.

It was not until the year 1800 that
Croydon enjoyed the privilege of
electing, for itself, a representative in
the General Court. Previous to that
time it had been classed with other
towns for the choice of a represen-
tative. In 1776, classed with New-
port, LTnity, Acworth, Lempster and
Saville (now Sunapee), it was repre-
sented by Benjamin Giles of New-
port, long a leading man in provincial
and state affairs, who also represented
the same towns in 1777, 1778, and
1779, Charles Huntoon of Unity

Croydon, in the Mountains

239

being associated with him in the latter
year. Subsequently the district was
divided, and Croydon and Saville
together elected a representative, a
Croydon man — Benjamin Barton —
having been elected in 1795 and an-
other-, Edward Hall, Jr., in 1797.
From 1800 on Cro^'don enjoyed the
privilege of separate representation.
The succession of representatives
from that time to the present being as
follows :

Samuel Powers 1801

Samuel Powers 1802

Benjamin Barton 1803

Amasa Hale 1825

Carlton Barton 1826

Briant Brown 1827

Briant Brown 1828

Zina. Goldthwaite 1829

Carlton Barton 1830

Paul Jacobs 1831

Hiram Smart 1832

Zina Goldthwaite 1833

Samuel Morse ' 1834

Paul Jacobs 1835

Alexander Barton 1836

Alexander Barton 1837

Joseph Eastman 1838

Joseph Eastman 1839

John Putnam 1840

Calvin Hall 1841

None 1842

Alexander Barton 1843

^-' 7. ». i^ .

^.^f^B^Kt^B^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1

Old Ruel Durkee House, Home of "Jethro Bass"

Samuel Powers 1804

Samuel Powers 1805

Samuel Powers 1806

Samuel Powers 1807

Samuel Powers 1808

Peter Stow 1809

James Breck 1810

James Breck 1811

Samuel Goldthwaite 1812

James Breck 1813

James Breck 1814

Obed Met calf 1815

Nathaniel Wheeler, Jr 1816

Stephen Eastman 1817

Stephen Eastman 1818

Stephen Eastman 1819

Abijah Powers 1820

Abijah Powers 1821

Obed Metcalf 1822

Abijah Powers 1823

Amasa Hale 1824

Lemuel P. Cooper 1844

Lemuel P. Cooper 1845

Ruel Durkee 1846

Ruel Durkee 1847

Lester Blanchard 1848

Lester Blanchard 1849

None 18.50

Pliny Hall 1851

Pliny Hall 1852

Alfred Ward 1853

Alfred Ward 1854

Freeman Crosby 1855

William M. Whipple 1856

Martin A. Barton 1857

Freeman Crosby 1858

None 1859

None 1860

Paine Durkee 1861

Daniel R. Hall 1862

Daniel R. Hall 1863

Dennison Humphrey 1864

240

The Granite Monthly

Dennison Humphrey 1865

Worthen Hall 1866

Worthen HaU 1867

AlbinaHaU 1868

AlbinaHall 1869

Erasmus D. Comings 1870

Erasmus D. Comings 1871

Otis Cooper 1872

Otis Cooper 1873

Nathaniel P. Stevens 1874

Nathaniel P. Stevens 1875

John Blanchard 1876

John Blanchard 1877

George W. Dunbar 1878

George W. Dunbar 1879

After 1879 the legislature met
biennially and biennial elections were
held. Since then Croydon has had
the following representatives :

Hubbard Cooper 1881

Daniellde 1883

Sylvester G. Walker 1885

Charles H. Forehand 1887

George W. Stockwell 1889

DeWalt C. Barton 1891

Ruel D. Loverin 1893

James W. Davis 1895

Alonzo AUen 1897

None 1899

Steven W. Gihaan 1901

None 1903

HiUiard R. Sanborn 1905

None 1907

Ernest L. Cutting 1909

Waldo R. Howard 1911

WiUiam H. Kemp 1913

One Croydon man, only, so far as
can be ascertained, was ever chosen to
the state senate — Lemuel P. Cooper
in 1862 and 1863. None ever held a
seat in the executive council or occu-
pied the governor's chair — though one
Croydon man (Ruel Durkee) has been
credited with having a' much to do
in making governors, councilors, and
congressmen, even, as well as in shap-
ing legislation and manipulating party
machinery generally, as any other in
the state, in any period of its history.
One native of the town — Gershom
Powers — whose father, John Powers,
had removed to Vermont, became a
lawyer and judge at Cayuga, N. Y.,
was later superintendent of the Au-
burn penitentiary and in 1829 was
chosen a member of Congress, serv-
ing four years. One other native of
the town, Levi W. Barton, might have
been a congressman, but for the

plethora of candidates for the office, in
his party, in Sullivan County; and
another, William P. Wheeler, was the
Democratic nominee for the office in
1855 and 1857.

The interests of education received
early attention in Croydon, and were
never neglected, so far as instruction
in the elementary principles is con-
cerned, though no academy or high
school was every maintained in town.
In the early days of the settlement the
children were called together at the
home of Moses Whipple, where his
wife, formerly Catharine Forbush, a
most intelligent woman, gave them
instruction in the rudiments, and
continued to do so without compensa-
tion. In 1770, the town voted to
establish a school, and voted eighteen
dollars to pay an instructor. In
1772 eight pounds were raised, and a
schoolhouse twenty feet square was
erected. In 1778 it was voted to
hire a mistress two months in the
summer, and, two years later, to hire
a male teacher three months in the
winter, and a female the balance of
the year. There was but a single
district at first, but new districts were
formed from time to time, till in 1834,
there were ten school districts estab-
lished. In these ten districts were
laid the foundations of that education
which, supplemented, in many cases,
by further instruction in other schools,
gave to the world in more than aver-
age proportion, from the town of
Croydon, men and women who, in
the various walks of life, have left
their impress for good upon the char-
acter of state and nation. In these
districts sons and daughters of Croy-
don taught school to a large extent,
and many efficient teachers went out
from the town, for many years, to
teach in other places. A goodly num-
ber of the sons of Croydon secured
college education, and had such in-
stitutions been open to women in
those days, undoubtedly a proportion-
ate number of the daughters would
have done the same.

As in most of our New England

Croydon, in the Mountains

241

towns, the church was early estab-
Hshed, though there seems not to
have been that thorough unity of
sentiment among the settlers, which
prevailed in many towns. Coming
from different communities, there
was a diversitj^ in their denomina-
tional leanings, but there were more
Presbyterians than anything else,
and the first church organized, though
it subsequently became Congrega-
tional, was organized as a. Presbyter-
ian church. This was on September
9, 1778, Rev. James Wellman of
Cornish and Rev. Lyman Potter of
Lebanon aiding in the work of organ-
ization. Fourteen persons consti-
tuted the membership at the start.
These were Moses Whipple, Stephen
Powers, Isaac Sanger, John Cooper,
Joseph Hall, Jacob Leland, John
Sanger, Catherine Whipple, Rachel
Powers, Mary Cooper, Anna Leland,
Lydia Hall, Hannah Giles and Lucy
Whipple.

This first church held its meetings
in a house which had been built by the
town, some four years previously, for
a townhouse and meetinghouse com-
bined. It had no settled pastor for
a number of years, and, except when
there occasionally happened to be a
minister present from some other
town, conducted the service by sing-
ing, prayer, and the reading of pub-
lished sermons by some one of the
members. Yet without a settled
pastor it indulged in an extensive
"revival" in 1780, which is said to
have brought more people into the
fold, in proportion to the population
of the town than any other, though
there were powerful demonstrations
in the same line in 1810 and again in
1835.

Late in the year 1787, Mr. Jacob
•Haven, a native of Framingham,
Mass., born April 25, 1763, and a
graduate of Harvard College of the
class of 1785, came to town as a
candidate for the pastorate, and, on
the 11th of March following, the vot-
ers in town meeting assembled voted
to call him as their minister. Two

days later the church joined in the
call, which was accepted, and June 18,
following, he was ordained and in-
stalled, the sermon on the occasion
having been preached by the Rev.
David Kellogg, of Framingham. By
the conditions of his settlement he
was to receive as salary, in addition
to the share of land set apart for the
first settled minister — for the first
year forty pounds, the same "to rise
annually as the valuation of those
that support him shall rise, until it

Rev. Luther J. Fletcher, D.D.

shall amount to sixty pounds."
"Said sum," it was stipulated, "shall
be paid in neat stock, equal to good
grass fed beef, at twenty shillings
per hundred weight, or good rye, at
four shillings per bushel."

In 1794 a new church was erected
by a committee of the town, which was
a comparatively imposing structure,
sixty feet by forty feet wide, with a
porch at each end. The building,
however, was never completed, the
proposed sale of pews with which the
necessary funds were to be raised
not yielding the requisite return. In
its unfinished state it could be used

242 The Granite Monthly

only in warm weather, and, finally, Quite a number of Croydon na-

in 1828, it was taken down and the tives became preachers of the gospel,

materials utilized in the construction at one time and another, the most

of a townhouse. Meanwhile, in 1826, distinguished of whom was the Rev.

a number of individuals banded to- Baron Stow, D.D., an eminent Bap-

gether and erected a church, of even tist clergyman of Boston, who was

more pretentious proportions, it being the orator of the day on the occasion

sixty-eight feet in length, sixty feet of the town's centennial celebration,

wide and containing over one hundred June 13, 1866, Urias, Dennis and

pews. It was crowned with a stately Josiah W. Powers, Samuel R. Hall

belfry in which was placed a fine and Austin Putnam, were Congrega-

toned bell, weighing 1000 pounds, tional preachers of more or less dis-

Subsequently the house was deeded tinction. Luther J. Fletcher and

to the church society. James W. Putnam were able expo-

The pastorate of the Rev. Jacob nents of the Universalist faith. The

Haven was a long and notable one, former offered the prayer and was one

extending actively from 1788 till of the speakers at the centennial.

1834, a period of forty-six years, Not a few lawyers of eminence have

while he continued to aid in the work been natives of Croydon, and others

of the parish well up to his death, of no less prominence descended from

March 17, 1845. "Priest" Haven, Croydon stock. Among the former

as he was generally known, was a may be named Gershorn Powers of

good man, and a sound and able New York, judge and congressman;

preacher according to the standards of Jonas Cutting, long a judge of the

his time, and exercised a powerful Supreme Court of Maine; William P.

influence upon the character of the Wheeler of Keene, twice Democratic

community. His theology was of candidate for Congress, and who

the extreme Calvinistic order, and he might have been a judge had he ac-

believed and taught the now horrible cepted, president of the day at the

doctrines of fore-ordination, infant Croydon centennial; Levi W. Barton

damnation and endless punishment. of Newport; George F. Putnam of

Not all the people of the town, by Haverhill and Kansas City, and last,
any means, sustained the "standing by no means least, the orator of the
order." There were quite a number day — Wilbur H. Powers of Boston,
of Baptists, from the first, some Uni- As a few among the latter, Horace H.
versalists, and, later, Methodism com- Powers, son of Dr. Hiram Powers,
manded adherents. The Baptists speaker of the Vermont House of
having been excluded from use of the Representatives, judge of the Supreme
-meetinghouse on the Sabbath allied Court, and for ten years representa-
themselves with the church at New- tive in Congress; Orlando W. Powers,
port; while the Methodists worshipped son of Rev. Josiah W., judge of the
with their brethren in Grantham, for a Supreme Court of Utah, and Demo-
lime, till finally, about the middle of cratic candidate for United States
ihe last century, they built a church Senator; Samuel L. Powers, son of
at the east village. The Universalists Larnard Po^^ ers who settled in Cor-
had occasional preaching in town, but nish, distinguished member of the
no organized society was formed till Boston bar and ex-congressman ; Sher-
1832. They worshipped in the town- man L. Whipple, son of Dr. Solomon
hall till 1854, when Luther Jacobs, an L. Whipple of New London, also an
enterprising citizen and member of eminent and successful Boston lawyer,
their faith, built them a church at the twice Democratic candidate for Uni-
"Flat." A Free Will Baptist church ted States senator; and Jesse M. Bar-
was organized here and maintained for ton of Newport, son of Levi W., judge
a time, but ultimately became extinct, of probate for the County of Sullivan,

Croydon, in the Mountains

243

While sending abroad many lawyers,
Croj^don has had but one resident
practicing attorney in its entire his-
tory — Samuel Morse, a native of Dub-
lin, who located here in 1815 and con-
tinued until his death, jQf ty years later.
Croydon first physician was Dr.
Reuben Carroll, who was here from
1793 till his death by accident in 1840.
Delavan D. Marsh, a native of the
town, commenced practice in Croy-
don in 1837, and continued through
life, as did William Barton, another
native, commencing in 1845. A re-
markable number of Croydon born

ton, however, a native of the town, had
a brilliant career as an editor in New-
port and Concord and was prominent
in politics. In more recent days
Hubbard W. Barton was for some
years associate editor of the Argus
and Spectator at Newport, Charles
Eugene Hurd, also Croydon born,
was a gifted writer of both poetry and
prose, and was for many years literary
editor of the Boston Transcript. In
this connection may be mentioned
Augusta Cooper Bristol, daughter of
Col. Otis Cooper, a woman of strong
literary taste and ability, a prolific

Rocky Bound Pond, Croydon, N. H.

men have followed the medical pro-
fession elsewhere, including William
F. and Alanson Cooper of New York,
Willard P. and Otis Gibson, of New-
port and Pennsylvania, David C.
Powers of New York, Horace Pow-
ers of Vermont, Daniel Ward and
Griswold W. Wheeler of Illinois,
Solomon L. Whipple of New London,
Marshall Perkins of Marlow, Wilham
H. and Willard 0. Hurd of Canada
and Grantham and J. L. Cain of Newr
port, president of the day at this
one hundred and fiftieth anniversary
celebration.

Few Croydon natives have been
prominent in journalism. Cyrus Bar-

magazine writer, as well as lecturer
of note, who wrote the poem for the
centennial anniversary celebration.^
While manufacturing, in a small
way, in some lines, was carried on in
Croydon, in times past, about $40,000
worth of products having been turned
out, from eleven different establish-
ments, in 1850, agriculture has al-
ways been the employment of the
great majority of the people. Yet,
from the character of its soil, rocky
and rugged as it is, it was only
through persistent and industrious
effort that the farmers of the town,
for two or three generations, as they
did, made their occupation fairly

244

The Granite Montlilij

remunerative, and gained a reputa-
tion for success and thrift. Statis-
tics show that in 1850 there were
13,400 acres of improved land in the
town, and $49,125 worth of live
stock; that over 50,000 pounds of
butter, 10,000 pounds of cheese,
14,000 bushels of potatoes, 5,000
bushels of corn, 1,500 bushels of
wheat, 15,000 pounds of wool, and
17,000 pounds of maple sugar were
produced during the previous year.
And in that year, as I distinctly
remember, there were eighty yokes
of oxenj from the town of Croydon,
exhibited at the Sullivan County Fair
in Claremont, driven in through the
enterprising management of Hon.
Moses Humphrey, then a resident of
the town, but afterward mayor of
Concord and long president of the
State Board of Agriculture.

Of the merchants and mechanics
of the town, and men of other call-
ings, whose intelligent devotion to
their occupation contributed to the
general welfare and prosperity of the
community, time and space permit
no mention here, even were the neces-
sary information at command. All
performed well their part and found
their reward, with others, in the satis-
faction which comes from the con-
sciousness of duty done.

Croydon enjoyed the high tide of
its prosperity, so far as population is
an index, from 1820 to 1830, having
1060 inhabitants in the former year
and 1057 the latter, the greatest in-
crease of any decade being from 1790
to 1800, when the figures rose from
536 to 984. After 1830 there was a
marked decline in every decade, re-
sulting, primarily, from the universal
trend toward the cities and the great
west, and, incidentally, in the closing
decades of the last century, from the
establishment ©f the Corbin or Blue
Mountain pork, which embraces half
the territory and nearly half the farms
of the town.

The decadence of this town, in
point of population and material
prosperity, striking as it is, is not

greater than that of many other of
our rural towns, throughout the state
and New England. The fact seems
most deplorable, but from the tend-
encies of the times, and conditions
practically unavoidable, was neces-
sarily inevitable. Whether, or not,
rehabilitation shall come, through
tendencies yet to be developed, is a
question for speculation upon which
we may not dwell at this time. We
may now merely indulge the hope,
that the "Coniston" of Winston
Churchill's romantic pen, the Croy-
don of the olden days, may realize in
the not distant future, the fondest
dreams of those loyal sons and daugh-
ters, who cherish in their hearts an
unquenchable love for the good old
town and a deathless pride in its
record of achievement; and who trust
in Providence for a restoration of its
prestige and prosperity.

Fifty years ago in June, the one
hundredth anniversary^ of the settle-
ment of Croydon was celebrated with
great display and circumstance — the
booming of cannon, the ringing of
bells, the music of a band, and the
gathering of a great crowd, esti-
mated at 3000 people. Col. Otis
Cooper was chairman of the commit-
tee of arrangements; Nathan Hall
was chief marshal, William P. Wheeler
president of the day; Rev. Luther J.
Fletcher, chaplain; Rev. Baron Stow,
D.D., orator, followed by a dozen
other speakers in brief remarks. All
the active participants in that cele-
bration, and most of those in attend-
ance have passed away.

During the past year the subject of
a one hundred and fiftieth anniver-
sary observance began to be agitated,
and at the annual town meeting in
March it was voted that one be held,
and the sum of $150 appropriated
toward the necessary expenses.

A committee consisting of George
A. Wright, chairman, George T.
Blanchard, Ray H. Dodge, David S.
Rowell and Ernest T. Cutting was
appointed, to act conjointly with the

Croydon, in the Mountains

245

officers of the town's "Old Home
Week" Association: Albert I. Bar-
ton, president; Edgar W. Davis, vice-
president; Mrs. Alice P. Putnam,
secretary, and Dana S. Gross, treasurer
— in making all necessary arrange-
ments.

"It was decided to hold the celebra-
tion on Thursday of "Old Home
Week," and the various necessary
sub-committees were appointed, as
follows :

COMMITTEES

Soliciting — Mr. and Mrs. Ellsworth D.
Comings, Mr. and Mrs. Ray H. Dodge, Mr.
and Mrs. Charles S. Walker, Mr. and Mrs.
Edward J. Hurley, Mr. and Mrs. Edgar W.
Davis, Mr. and Mrs. Hilliard R. Sanborn,
Mrs. Helen L. Barton, Mrs. Sybil Howard.

Table — Mrs. Helen L. Barton, Mr. and
Mrs. John H. Alexander, Mr. and Mrs.
Ellsworth D. Comings, Mr. and Mrs. Dana
S. Gross, Mr. and Mrs. Fred W. Putnam, Mr.
and Mrs. Edgar W. Davis, Mr. Herbert D.
Barton, Miss Beatrice A. Barton, Miss Irene
B. Sargent.

Decorating — George L. Dukeshare, Miss
Katharine M. Ide, A. Lloyd Alexander.

Reception — Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S.
Fletcher, Mr. and Mrs. Frank P. Winter,
Mr. and Mrs. WilUam W. Partridge, Mr. and
Mrs. Eugene W. Dodge, Mrs. Addie A.
Cooper, Mrs. Ellen Miner.

Programme — Dana S. Gross, John H.
Alexander, Mrs. Edgar W. Davis, Mrs.
Helen L. Barton, Mrs. Nelson Cote.

Music — Mr. and Mrs. Edwin H. Ide, Mrs.
Lizzie Cutting, Ellsworth D. Comings,
Charles C. Barton, Biaine C. Hall.

Invitation — Edgar W. Davis, Dana S.
Gross.

Sports — -Thomas R. Hall Leonard G. Hol-
britter, William Angier, Donald Bartgn, A.
Lloyd Alexander.

Village Improvement — William Angier,
A. Lloyd Alexander, Leonard G. Holbritter,
Thomas R. Hall.

Ushers — Charles C. Barton, A. Lloyd
Alexander.

Doorkeeper — Nelson Cote.

The programme committee has
announced the exercises of the day, as
follows:

PROGRAM

10:30 A. M., Exercises at the Church

Music

Prayer - Rev. W. F. Whitcomb

Address of Welcome,

George A. Wright, Chairman of Committee
Address

Dr. J. Leavitt Cain, President of the Day
Music
Historical Address

H. H. Metcalf, Concord, State Historian
Music

12:00 O'clock Dinner at the Hall

Dr. J. Leavitt Cain

President of the Day at Croydon's One Hundred and
Fiftieth Anniversary

2:00 P. M.

Music

Oration Hon. Wilbur H. Powers, of Boston

Solo Mr. Henry Brown

Five Minute Impromptu Speeches

Music

Benediction

On Sunday, August 20,— "Old
Home Sunday" — a sermon appro-
priate to the occasion will be given
at the church by the pastor, Rev.
W. F. Whitcomb.

246 The Granite Monthly

CROYDON, AUGUST 14, 1900

By Elizabeth Barton Richards

Oh, little town of Croydon,

How peacefully you lie
Between your hills and mountains,

Beneath the bright blue sky;
Your sparkling ponds and rivers,

With glare of silver sheen,
Your far-off wooded hilltops,

And farms, that lie between.

Your mountain in the background —

Protector, guardian, friend,
That has watched you from the starting.

Will watch you to the end —
All form the matchless picture

That we have in mind today,
'Tho mountain, hill and river

Are far and farther away.

Oh, dear old Croydon mountain!

Oh, Counsellor most mild!
We come to you broken-hearted

With our pulses mad and wild,
And we find the balm of healing

In your kindly care and skill;
And the broken heart is quiet,

And the throbbing pulse is still.

For, outside your rocky portals.

The world of care and song.
Of smiles and tears, of cares and fears,

Rolls evermore along,
With its burden of sin and sorrow,

Its wars of crime and pain,
The strife of man with his brother man

In the awful greed for gain; •

Till we almost forget to listen

For a voice that long ago
By the wave washed shore of Galilee

In tones that were sweet and low,
Taught the lesson of love and kindness.

Of charity, more and more.
Of forgiveness seven and seventy times,

Of unselfishness o'er and o'er.

But once in awhile there comes a note
Clear and sweet and strong;

And we start with sudden uplifted heads
Forgetting all the wrong

Little Jim 247

That we have received — that we have done,

Hearing only that clarion tone,
Flung out from New Hampshire's rocky hills

Bidding her children come home.

And so we come back to you, Croydon,

Bringing our tribute of song,
To thank you for all you have given us —

Your lessons in right and wrong.
For your clear-eyed sense of duty.

Your steadfast adherence to right,
For the faith that looks through the darkness

And sees the coming light;

For the noble men and women

You have sent out year by year,
For the hearts so warm and kindly

That wait to welcome us here;
For the love that always meets us

When back to your arms we come —
For all this we thank you, Croydon,

On the day that you call "Old Home."

LITTLE JIM

By Francis A. Corey

Sometimes I am sick with longin'.

An' my eyes git blurry an' dim,
Because out where the well boys frolic,

There's no room for poor crippled Jim.
But no chum could be nicer than mammy.

So patient, so lovin', so sweet!
When she cuddles me up I don't envy

The little boys out in the street.

I hear the soft call o' the meadows.

The singin' o' birds in the trees.
An' a sound that soothes an' lures me —

The low lullaby hum of bees;
An' I long to He in the grasses,

My face upturned to the blue.
For the wind to kiss as it passes —

But mammy must be there, too!

The lump in my throat gits bigger

When I think o' the fun I miss.
'Most any boy would git lonesome

Shut in from his playmates like this.
But mammy is here — dear mammy!

To smile on me all the day long,
So I guess I'm 'most as happy

As the boys who are well an' strong.

THE ALASKA SCHOOL SERVICE

By Isabel Ambler Oilman

"In what language do you do your
thinking?" asked a visitor at the
public school at Petersburg, Alaska, as
a class in history and civics closed
their books for recitation.

The fair-haired, blue-eyed children
of the northern cannery town smiled,
and the class leader answered : " Why,
sir, we all speak Norwegian at home,
• — our mothers don't understand Eng-
lish, — and we translate our work into
our own language when we think it
out by ourselves."

Reader, did you ever purchase a
trifle at a foreign store, and compute
its relative value in United States
legal tender before handing over your
foreign cash? When you ponder prob-
lems relating to France, Germany,
Mexico, or other countries, whose
language you have mastered, do you
ponder in the foreign tongue, or do
your throughts unconsciously flow
through the natural channels of your
birth-language?

The fisher-folk of Scandinavian
Europe, whose children are being

Americanized at the coast settlements
in Alaska, besides being possessed of a
birth-language rich in expansion and
expression, had crossed the ocean and
seen something of America before
reaching their new northern home.
They brought with them inherited
memories of civilizations much older
than our own, and, in many cases,
they had some scholastic education
upon which to build the structure of
their Americanism.

Not so with the aboriginal tribes
of Alaska.

Forty-nine years ago, when we took
the inhabitants of "Seward's Ice-
box" into our care, and promised the
rights and immunities of citizenship
to all of Russian blood, the natives of
Alaska were -savages. Not the sav-
ages of history, who welcomed white
settlers with tomahawk and scalping
knife. The food and climate of the
far northwestern peninsula are not
conducive to bloody warfare. The
aborigines of Alaska were a quiet,
gentle, non-resistive people, glad of

Isabel Ambler Oilman, the writer of this deeply interesting and most fascinating article
is a Woman of wide and varied experience. Borri and educated in England, and teaching
eight years in that country and Wales before coming to -America, her restless and energetic
spirit impelled her to action in that and other lines, following marriage and transcontinental
travel. During her residence in the town of Meredith she taught for five years in the town
and village schools, organized the Meredith Woman's Progress Club and tlie Center Harbor
Woman's Club, served as Lecturer of Winnipesaukee Grange and as clerk of the Meredith
Town School Board. Meanwhile she lectured, wrote poetry and published a charming vol-
ume of the latter, entitled "Echoes from the Grange." Going to the great North West some
ten years ago, she taught school, pursued journalism, studied law, graduated LL.B., was
admitted to practice in the State of Washington, and soon after, seeking new fields of action,
moved on to the "farthest North," Alaska, the land of the "midnight sun," eternal snow,
ice-bound rivers, majestic mountains, gigantic forests, mines of wealth, and silent, hmitless
spaces, where the daring traveler may be "alone with God."

Over this vast and scarcely peoi)led Empire of the North, she has been led by her tireless and
adventurous spirit, yet rendering valiant service all the while. Entering the government
school service, she was for two years principal of the white graded school at Petersburg; since
when she has been stationed at Kanokouak, on the Bering Sea Coast; at Seldovia, in Cook
Inlet, and at Rampart, in the interior, just under the Arctic Circle, in the Alaska school service.
This latter is the northernmost point on the continent where a school is maintained. Here
she passed the last winter, but comes down to Seattle and civilization for her vacation period,
where she may be addressed for the next few weeks. Her book "Alaska-land" — one of the
products of her versatile pen, heretofore alluded to in the Granite Monthly, published two
years ago, and for sale by Baker and Taylor Co., New York, gives most interesting glimpses
of that far away wonderland, and not a little insight into the character of this remarkable
woman.

The Alaska School Service

249

brotherhood with every passing
stranger, for strangers were few
and far between and came not to rob
them of their homes and haunts.

When the Russian priests taught
them the Greek religion, they ac-
cepted it because it added interest to
the otherwise nothingness of their
dull cold lives. When the white
trappers wanted furs, there were
plenty of wild animals whose natural
increase should suffice for all purposes.
And when other white men went
crazy after the yellow mineral, hidden
among the sands of their frozen
creeks and rivers, it was nothing to the
Indian and Eskimo. But, when the
white conquerors took their young
women for mates, settled down among
them, and a new race of beings — the
Alaskan half-breeds — began to take
the place of their own offspring, the
aborigines of Alaska waked. Their
scanty language expanded to include
the belongings of the whites, their
rude colloquialisms, and a few glim-
mers of the great somewhere whence
they had come.

Then ''Uncle Samuel" remembei'ed
his treaty-promises to do something
for the aboriginal inhabitants of his
new territory, and the Alaska School
Service, hitherto regarded in the
light of missionary enterprise,
stretched its paternal arms over five
hundred and ninety thousand square
miles of territory, and undertook to
fit the descendants of aboriginal
tribes, adults as well as minors, for
Alaskan citizenship.

Now please don't get this service
confused with the Indian Service of
the United States, or with the terri-
torial schools for white children and
half-breeds in Alaska. It is separate
and distinct from both, though under
control of the United States Bureau of
Education, Department of the In-
terior.

Had the twenty-five thousand odd
natives of Alaska been grouped in
large centers, as are the majority of
white residents, the task of fitting
them for citizenship might not have

offered so many difficulties to the
United States Commissioner of Ed-
ucation and his staff — especially the
chief of the school service. But
when we realize that Atka and Met-
lakahtla, the two southernmost
schools in the service, are four
thousand miles apart; that Barrow,
Wain Wright and Icy Cape, the three
nothernmost schools, are north of the
seventieth parallel and separated

Isabel Ambler Gilman

from their six other Arctic neighbors
by many hundreds of miles of white
silence; and that at least a dozen
others to the westward are far be-
yond the limits of transportation and
mail service, we may obtain some idea
of the scope and variety of those dif-
ficulties so little understood by the
people of the United States.

And the benefits of the school
service are not all to the native by any
means. The few hundred thousands

250

The Granite Monthly

of dollars already appropriated by-
Congress and spent on the education
of the natives of Alaska have brought
their returns, and have aided very
materially in opening up the treas-
ures of that immense territory, des-
tined to form the forty-ninth star in
our banner of peace.

People of. Rampart! In the name of the
United States Native school, I welcome you
here tonight, and hope you will have patience
to listen to us while we speak to you in Eng-
lish. Of the twenty-one children taking part
in this entertainment, seven had never been
to school before this winter; six of us had at-
tended school but a few weeks, and the other
eight of us had been nineteen months without
school in Rampart and had forgotten much of
what we had learned before. Speaking big
hard words in the English language does not
come easy to Indian children, and to half-
breeds who have lost their white fathers. To
understand the meaning of what we read and
say, we have to translate it into our Indian
language, and in many cases our own language
does not contain words to represent those
things and ideas we would translate. We
have never been away from our native river,
the Yukon; we have never seen many of the
things our books tell us of; but we have done
the best we could and done it gladly. Per-
haps we have done it better than the white
men of Rampart could have done if they had
to give this program in the Indian language.

So spoke Rachel George, a fifteen-
year-old Indian girl, from the rostrum
of the Rampart courthouse, to the
white miners and prospectors who had
gathered from distant creeks to hear
the school children celebrate the
birthday of Abraham Lincoln. Ra-
chel's complexion was swarthy, and
her figure typical of the Yukon race,
but in dress, manners and enuncia-
tion, she was as perfect as the average
rural schoolgirl in the United States.

One generation removed from bar-
barism, the dusky daughter of the
frigid North faced the white conquer-
ors of her birthland — hardy men
from almost every European country
— and spoke to them in the adopted
tongue in which not all of them had
yet learned to do their thinking.

"A. stands for Alaska," said a
six-year-old Koyukuk maiden, the
daughter of a Yukon princess. She
wore a little white embroidered dress,
and her shining raven locks were tied
with a blue ribbon, fashion-book
style, as she stood alone on the front
of the stage, beautiful, and unafraid.

''That's the best country in the
world, we thinkP' chorused the geog-
raphy class who occupied the second
row on the stage, and a score of old
Yukon pioneers— white men from
God's country — nodded approval.

"B. stands for Barrow; that's the
farthest northern schoolhouse in the
world," declared a tiny Indian boy, in
corduroy knickerbockers and white
frilled shirtwaist.

"K. stands for Kinak, Koyukuk,
Kobuk and Kotzebue; Kenai, Knik,
and Kodiak; Kake and Kasaan;
Kluwak, Klukwan, and Killisnoo;
Kogiung, Kilukak, Konuluk, Kan-
akanak," chorused the class, mouth-
ing the Alaskan names as easily as a
white child pronounces "America,"
and fearlessly meeting the gaze of a
hundred white men from the gold
diggings. Then another little tot
stepped forward and added, with an
air of appreciative superiority,
"They're all schools, and there's lots
and lots more."

The audience grinned and ap-
plauded.

"I'm glad I don't have to name
'em," chuckled a miner on the front
seat. "I never could twist my tongue
round them K's."

But the little school children never
hesitated. Down through the entire
alphabetical list they went, with a
word of explanation here, and a song
there to break the monotony of the
recitation, for this was a memory
test as well as a lesson in articulation
and geography.

But the Yukon Indians, through
long association with white pioneers,
have assimilated much of the lan-
guage, manners and customs of fron-
tier civilization. Many of their
daughters are the wives of mine
owners and other well-to-do white

The Alaska School Service

251

men, and a new race, the Yukon half-
breeds, a stronger, more dominantly
virile race, is peopling the shores of
the mighty river.

Located about midway between
Dawson and the north Bering Sea,
and sixty miles below the Arctic
Circle, Rampart, a dead mining camp
now, headquarters for many trappers
and hunters, has a climate ranging
from ninety in the summer to sixty-
five below zero in the winter. One
morning last January, while the school
children were quietly studying their
reading lessons, a three-year old boy
appeared at the school door, a stick
of stove wood tightly clasped in his
beaver-mittened hands.

"You let me stay, teacher, I pack
wood for you," he announced good-
naturedly.

The school thermometer outside
the door registered fifty-eight below
zero at that moment and the teacher
lost no time in closing the door — with
the boy on the inside.

"He won't stay home, teacher," ex-
plained an older sister from her corner
behind a red-hot stove, ''and papa says
it'll be sixty below to-night."

Sixty below! The teacher had
never experienced that. She shud-
dered as she hung a small beaver
"Yukon" cap and mittens beside a
small ermine-lined coat on the wall;
but the child serenely tucked himself
into a primary seat alongside other
babies who "wouldn't stay at home."
He was the three-quarter breed grand-
son of the white founder of Rampart,
— a man well known as hunter and
trapper all over northern Alaska.

"Baby wake, teacher," piped the
last * comer, suddenly remembering
something. He wriggled in his seat
and peered through a frosted double
window.

"Baby where?" demanded the
teacher quickly.

But a tall curly-haired half-breed
girl had already risen from her seat
and glided to the door, her pale cheeks
tinged with' shame at the deception
practised on the teacher.

"Mother told me to stay home with
baby, teacher, and I didn't want to,"
she pleaded, drawing the baby sled
into the schoolroom. She rescued
a squirming youngster from under a
bundle of furs and "mothered" it on
the little bench behind the stove,
glancing meaningly through the open
door of the girl's cloakroom, where two
other baby sleds, each containing a
sleeping child, had been pushed out of
the way, as though sure that their
presence mitigated her own offense.

Hunting Ptarmigan on the Bering Coast, 1913

There being no age limit in the
Alaska School Service, the register
enrollment of pupils seldom contains
the names of all. The schoolhouse is
the regular calling place for all Indian
wayfarers who have a few hours to
spare. If the corner behind the stove
is not filled with girl-mothers and
babies, it may be pre-empted by
grandfathers and uncles.

That night proved to be the climax
of the lone teacher's polar experience.
Awakened by the continued cracking
of her cabin walls, occasioned by

252 The Granite Monthly

intense cold, she arose to cram the "Put on your things, children,"

heater with more stove wood, and said the teacher.

happening to glance through the Swiftly they obeyed, but before the

uncurtained north window, saw the foremost could reach the door the-

night ablaze with color. Like a huge light faded.

volcano pouring ethereal lava over "Look, teacher! It's gone!" they

the face of heaven, flamed a wild cried regretfully, staring at the spot

aurora from its Arctic storehouse where the yellow rim had appeared to

where, she thought, all the search- rest; but only a lightening of the gray

lights of heaven and hades must be clouds remained in evidence of the

hidden. Scintillant, florescent waves glad fact that the polar night was

of delicate opaline, through which the over.

stars mocked and danced, flooded the It was thirty-eight below zero,
sky-dome, tinting the white expanse Three months of winter yet remained,
of earth and river with delicate re- but what mattered that? Their souls
flection. Like ribbons about an old had thrilled once again to "God's
fashioned May-pole woven by unseen smile," and hope, joy, and expecta-
hands, Aurora's brilliant streamers tion mingled with the lines of regret
shaped themselves into a long funnel, painted on every youthful face,
from which burst immense sheets of So it appeared to the teacher when
living flame that stained both sky Rachel George stood on the court-
and earth blood-red, — a spectacular house rostrum and uttered her words
display never to be forgotten, never of welcome to the white men of Ram-
surpassed, and well worth all the part precinct, on Lincoln's birthday,
discomforts of the polar night to Rachel was still a Yukon Indian, but
witness. the God-soul of her had waked from

In the morning, when the teacher its long sleep, — her spirit had burst
rang the ten o'clock bell for school, the bonds of savage heredity and
and the babies who "wouldn't stay barbarous environment, and the com-
at home" trooped up the school hill, ing citizenship of her race spoke from
the mercury, by the light of a match, her lips. She knew nothing of street
stood at sixty-five helow zero. The cars, airships, automobiles, sky scrap-
kerosene was frozen in the school ers and modern bath-tubs, but she
lamps. But the Yukon half-breeds knew how to snare rabbits for food,
laughed at the cold. lynx for furs, how to manage a fish-

" Look, teacher! The sun! the sun!" wheel, row a boat, chop down a tree.

It was the first day of February, saw ice for drinking water, saw wood

exactly twelve o'clock. Through the for fires. She knew how to tan

southwest window of the schoolroom moose skins for Yukon footwear and

glinted obliquely a yellow radiance mittens, how to make snowshoes and

that outlined the reflection of the sleds. She knew, too, how to make

windowframe on the opposite wall raised bread and baking-powder bis-

and lighted up the room. cuit, how to wash and iron clothes.

With one impulse teacher and mend them, and keep her mother's

pupils moved toward the window, cabin clean and neat. No girl in all

blinking their eyes, shading them with Alaska made prettier beadwork. She

their hands, laughing helplessly as had learned to make tatted and

they attempted to look at the upper crocheted lace at school, to run a

rim of a pale yellow ball just showing sewing machine, knit . mittens for

above the edge of the horizon. After spring wear, and, perhaps the most

seventy-two days of darkness and useful of all, how to grow vegetables,

dull gray daylight, the human eye Vegetables sixty miles from the

refused to adjust itself so quickly to Arctic line? Yes indeed! Nearly

the sudden brightness. every white father in Rampart has

The Alaska School Service 253

his vegetable garden, and no better breed who knew the river and its

potatoes, peas, carrots, turnips, cab- dangerous condition, carried the

bages, lettuce, radishes, and the like, wounded man toward the nearest

are raised elsewhere. hospital — seventy-five miles away.

When the sun comes back in the A white miner accompanied them,

spring, and the days grow twenty- The going was rough, surface water

four hours long; when two thousand in some places two feet deep, the ice

miles of ice^ approximately five feet cracking, but they never stopped

thick and half a mile wide, has drifted until sixty miles was covered and a

down to Bering Sea, and little gaso- relief sled from the army hospital,

line launches chug-chug along the summoned by another soldier youth

Yukon, Nature puts on her summer who ran ten miles to tap a telegraph

robe of green and garden truck grows wire, was met. After twenty hours

almost twice as fast as it does in of excruciating agony the hospital

places where days are shorter, was reached.

There's no lovelier, more fertile spot in That was on the last day of April,

all the Granite State than Rampart Had the accident happened a few

in the nightless days of summer glory, days later, nothing could have saved

"Do you teach religion in your the life of the injured man, for the

native schools?" inquired a lady frozen river was the only available

tourist from Boston. trail at that time of the year. The

''No, we live it in our daily duties," half-breed was the best man who

replied the teacher. dared to make the trip. His Indian

To put brightness into dull cold mother's powers of endurance and

lives, enlarge the native's scope of knowledge of local conditions, coupled

comprehension and his means of with his white father's intelligence

livelihood, encourage him to greater and dominant spirit, gave him a

effort, fit him to cope with the con- higher percentage of effi.ciency for

ditions of border civilization, and such an ordeal.

make him a useful stepping-stone Medical aid is a part of every

between the unwritten past and the teacher's sworn duty in the Alaska

rosy future of "Seward's treasure- School Service. Government sup-

hox/' these are the tenets of the plies are often the only medicines

teacher's religion, — honesty, truth- obtainable in cases of grave emergency,

fulness, love, helpfulness, health, en- for whites as well as natives. Eleven

durance and uplift. physicians and a dozen trained nurses

But that is not all. are numbered among the field force

"Teacher! There's a man hurt in of the service,

the sawmill! They want you quick!" A knowledge of law doesn't come

panted a youth, one Sabbath day, as amiss at times. In places remote

he reached tlie lone teacher's cabin, — from the jurisdiction of courts, the

high above and back of the camp. teacher is frequently the only law-

The teacher stuffed her pockets giver of the community, as well as

with bandages and antiseptics and the only doctor. She is census taker,

ran down the hill to the spot where a keeper of vital statistics, arbitrator

soldier lay, the cords and arteries of quarrels, health officer, peace

of one arm severed at the wrist, the officer, friend and confidant of every-

biceps muscle gouged out, and a piece one in distress. Sanitation, hygiene

of dirty rope and a rusty file holding of a practical nature, economy, thrift,

back the life-torrent with which domestic science suitable to environ-

everything about was stained. ment, manual training calculated to

Twenty minutes later, a long Yukon utilize the products of each particu-

sled drawn by seven powerful hus- lar locality, and a general knowledge

kies, and guided by a young half- of civics, to fit the natives for future

254

The Granite Monthly

citizenship, are all included in the
industrial work of the service which
forms two-fifths of the instruction
given.

Each section of the vast territory
presents a different problem; each
is rich in a different way; each must
be settled and self-sustaining in the
future. Rachel George, of Rampart,
is a type of Yukon Indian who has
benefited by five years training under
the Alaska School Service. There
are thousands more like her scattered
over the territory, thousands of bright
boys and girls who instruct their old
parents in modern methods of sani-
tary living and pass the knowledge
obtained in the service schools on to
other members of their race.

But all the natives of the great
Northland are not so well off as the
Yukon Indians, and the teacher who
braves the life of the isolated and
undesirable corners of Alaska, remote
from the scant comfort of border
civilization, must be a good deal of a
missionary in spirit.

The tourist who views Alaska from
the deck of a passing steamer, in the
summer time, knows little of the real
life of the land. The person who
visits Alaska for the sole purpose of
getting rich quick, is apt to be dis-
appointed. The teacher looking for
a graded school and all the comforts
of home, had better stay with the
cities and larger settlements of white
people, for the service schools, like
oases in a desert hundreds, sometimes
thousands of miles apart, are only
adapted to those who can forget
themselves in their ministrations to
mankind.

"What's the use of educating
Alaskan Indians and Eskimos?" asks
the white trader, profiting by the
ignorance of the native trapper.

"What's the use of wasting the
taxpayers' money on a race of var-
mints?" demands the whiskey ped-
dler, who forgets to marry the
"varmint" he has debauched.

Shall the "no-account" fatherless
half-breeds be held responsible for the

sins of their parents? Are the chil-
dren of heathen nations beyond the
seas, or those of Christianized Eu-
rope, whose fathers are now butcher-
ing each other in unholy war, of more
consequence to us than the little
half-breeds of our own Alaska?

Our federal lawmakers, in disposing
of these half-breed children, made
them eligible to attend schools for
white children after such schools had
been lawfully established in the ter-
ritory, but not eligible to be counted
as whitp '^,hildren in the establish-
me schools.

'nction results in denying
scho( ivdeges to both whites and
half 'n thinly settled sections

whe reeds predominate, or in

burc e Alaska School Service

with ucation of white men's

child nds appropriated for the

education of Indians and Eskimos.

The half-breed of Alaska, son of
a white pioneer, — a citizen of the
United States lawfully married to a
native-born Indian or Eskimo woman
of Alaska, — raised according to white
standards, and himself a citizen upon
attaining his majority, has no educa-
tional rights of his own.

Isn't it about time, Mr. Senator,
Mr. Congressman, that you take the
stigma from this so-called misalliance
of the old pioneer, — the man who gave
his life in reclaiming the Alaskan
wild that you may have the glory of
adding another star to our proud
flag? Isn't it about time that you
recognize the educational rights of
these little children of ours by striking
out that word white from line seven,
section 324, of chapter two of the
compiled laws of the territory of
Alaska for the year 1913(page 231)?

Instead of despising the half-breed
who reverts to the ways of his mater-
nal relatives, let us extend to him the
right of self-respect, and the privileges
we freely give to the children of
foreign born residents in the States.
The white man very often labors in
Alaska with the hope of some day
returning to his native state. The

New Hampshire Necrology

255

half-breed is a permanent resident, —
Alaska is his home.

Besides the one hundred and six
teachers, now in the active field force
of the Alaska School Service, there
are as many more employed in the
graded schools of her cities and towns,
and in the ungraded schools of camps
and exclusive white settlements, train-
ing Alaska's white sons and daugh-
ters for future citizenship.

Let those who still imagine Alaska

to be an ice-bound wilderness realize
this fact:

The Alaska School Service is now
educating three thousand six hundred
and sixty-six natives of school age,
and the Territorial school system for
white children, of which the governor
is the head, maintains about fifty
schools, providing accommodations for
twenty-six hundred white children.
Some of Alaska's high schools are
accredited in the States.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HON. GEORGE D. MAQJjy

George D. Marcy, ex-Mayo' ^of Ports-
mouth, died suddenly at the hoF ital in that
city June 17, from cerebral "hemorrhage,
having been suddenly attacked when on the
way home, with his wife, from an evening
entertainment.

He was the son of the late Hon. Daniel and
Catherine (Lord) Marcy, born October 1,
1866, and was educated in the public schools,
at St. Paul's School, Concord, and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Go-
ing west, he was for some time engaged in a
Kansas City bank; but returned home and
engaged in the real estate and insurance
business, as a member of the firm of W. E.
Pierce & Co. Politically he was a staunch
Democrat, and had seived in both branches
of the Portsmouth City government, as
Mayor in 1903-4, and as a member of the
State legislature in 1911-12. In November,
1914, he was made a field deputy in the in-
ternal revenue service, attached to the Ports-
mouth office, and his duties carried him through
Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont.

He was one of the founders and a Past
President of the Portsmouth Athletic club:
Past Exalted Ruler of Portsmouth Lodge of
Elks; Past Eminent Commander of De Witt
Clinton Commandery, Knights Templar,
and a member of St. Andrew lodge, A. F. &
A. M.; Damon Lodge, K of P., Washington
Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and the
Mechanics Fire Society.

He leaves a wife, who was Miss Bessie
Scott Smith, a daughter of W. Scott Smith
of Washington and Rye North Beach.

HON LEMUEL F. LISCOM

Hon. Lemuel F. Liscom, of Hinsdale, died
at his home in that town, Thursday, July 20,
at the age of 75 years.

Mr. Liscom was born on the farm where
he always resided, February 17, 1841, the
son of Lemuel and Emerancy (Horton)

Liscom, and was educated in the town schools
and Kimball Union Academy, Meriden. He
enlisted in the Fourteenth New Hampshire
Regiment, August 11, 1862, and saw much
service in the Civil War. He was present
at the capture of Jefferson Davis, and assisted
in transferring him through Augusta to the
gunboats. He was discharged at Savannah,
July 8, 1865, as orderly sergeant.

After the war he engaged in the service of
the National Bridge and Iron Company of
Boston, in which he became superintendent
of construction, having charge of large build-
ing operations. He put in the first iron
bridge on the Vermont Central road, and
erected the first three iron cantilever bridges
constructed in this country. He had charge
of the construction of many fine bridges and
buildings, including the iron work of the
Boston postoffice and of the art museum in
Boston. He followed this line of work for
twenty-five years.

Returning home in 1880, he was extensively
engaged in farming and lumbering. He was
active in Republican politics, and served in
both branches of the legislature. He married
in Truthville, N. Y., February 21, 1872,
DoUie Amelia Mason. She died March 2,
1896. Two daughters were born of this
union, Flora Dollie, who is Mrs. Charles Vic-
tor Steams of Somerville, Mass., and Mary
E., now the wife of Burton P. Holman of
West Nutley, N. J. About three years ago
Mr. Liscom married Miss Bertha Lewis,
daughter of George W. Lewis of Hinsdale,
who survives.

HON. JAMES G. FELLOWS
Hon. James G. Fellows, a prominent citi-
zen of Pembroke, died at his summer home in
Newcastle, July 31.

He was a native of Deerfield, born August 8,
1838, and he had been a resident of Pembroke
for nearly forty-five years. He early engaged
in business, being for a time in the grocery

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The Granite Monthly

business with a partner in the firm of Baker
& Fellows. Later he engaged in the lumber
business and in this occupation achieved
great success, and accumulated a handsome
property. He was at the head of the firm
of Fellows & Son of Manchester, box makers
and lumber dealers, which firm has recently
entered upon the manufacture of caskets
upon a large scale.

As a citizen Mr. Fellows was highly, re-
spected for his keen business foresight and
judgment and sterling integrity, and had
held many public offices, being a deputy

sheriff for six years, member of the house of
representatives in 1885-6, state senator in
1893, and a member of the executive council
during the administration of Gov. Henry B.
Quimby. In politics he was a stalwart Re-
publican. He was a Mason, holding mem-
bership in Jewell lodge, A. F. & A. M., of
Suncook.

He is survived by a widow, one son, Burt
J. Fellows of Manchester, a daughter, Mrs.
Howard Stanley of Duluth, Minn., and
several grandchildren and great grand-
children.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

Hon. John W. Jewell of Dover, general
agent for the Massachusetts Mutual Insur-
ance Company, in that city, is a remarkable
specimen of vigorous and well preserved
business activity. He was 85 years of age,
July 26, and on the 4th of May completed
twenty-five years of service for the company
which he represents, on which occasion he
received a complimentary letter from the
vice-president. Mr. Jewell was born in Straf-
ford, July 26, 1831, was educated in the town
schools, and Strafford and Gilmanton acade-
mies. He was in trade as a general merchant
in Strafford for thirty years, during which
time he served as superintendent of schools,
moderator, selectmen and representative
and also ten years as postmaster. He was
sheriff of Strafford County from 1874 to
1876 and a member of the executive council
in 1885-6. He removed to Dover in 1891, to
engage in the insurance business which he
has since continued. Meanwhile he has
served two years in the House of Represent-
atives, and as a member of the State Senate
of 1911. He is president of the Merchants
Savings Bank and a director and vice-presi-
dent of the Merchants National Bank.

The state primary election occurs on Tues-
day, September 5, but there seems to be no
great popular excitement as yet, in reference
to the outcome; though some of the aspirants
are making an active canvas. The contest
for the gubernatorial nominations is between
Rosecrans W. Pillsbury of Londonderry and
Henry W. Keyes of Haverhill on the Repub-
lican side, and John D. Hutchins of Strat-
ford, and Albert W. Noone of Peterborough
on the Democratic, the former promising
to be an exciting one. The only Congres-
sional nomination contest of any special ac-
count is likely to be that on the Republican
side in the first district, between Congressman
Sulloway the present incumbent, and Rev.
Thomas Chalmers, also of Manchester. The
entrance of Gordon Woodbury into the field
as a candidate for the Democratic nomina-
tion in that district, practically determines
the nomination for that party.

The town of Stratham has been celebrating
its two hundredth anniversary the present
week — August 13-19. On Sunday, the 13th,
following the regular service in the Christian
church, a special service was held at Stratham
Hill, with speaking by former pastors of the
different churches, and appropriate music.
On Wednesday, the 16th, there was a parade
over Portsmouth Avenue to the park, in the
morning, followed by a concert by the New-
market Band. A picnic dinner was followed
by literary exercises at 1.30 p. m., includ-
ing an Address of Welcome by Frank H.
Pearson, president of the day; Historical
Sketch by Mrs. Annie W. Scammon, and
Address by Rev. Dr. Thomas Chalmers of
Manchester. In the evening there was a
concert in the town hall by the Aeolian
Quartette of Portsmouth, assisted by Mrs.
Blanche Varnum Coulter, reader, of Manches-
ter; and on Thursday evening there was a
dance.

"Old Home Week" is now at hand, and
the indications are that popular interest in
New Hampshire's great midsummer festival
will be fully sustained. The observance of
"Old Home Sunday," by the churches, in
particular, is becoming more general from
year to year. This year the State Associa-
tion cooperates in a central Old Home Sunday
observance, in Rollins Park, Concord, on the
afternoon of August 20, with Rev. Dr. Willis
P. Odell, of Brookline, Mass., a native of
Lakeport, as the principal speaker.

The New Hampshire Board of Trade held
its mid-summer meeting, and annual outing
at Canobie Lake Park, July 25, when a new
constitution was adopted and an organiza-
tion under articles of incorporation effected.
Short addresses were made by Hon. John C.
Hutchins, Rosecrans W. Pillsbury, Gordon
Woodbury and Rev. Thomas Chalmers, D.D.,
and brief remarks by Olin W. Chase, W. D.
Pulver and W. J. Ahem. The first annual
election under the new constitution will occur
in October.

HON. JAMES B. WALLACE
Historian at Canaan's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, No. 9

SEPTEMBER, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No. 9

CANAAN'S ANNIVERSARY

Historical Address by Hon. James Burns Wallace

The town of Canaan celebrated the
150th anniversary of its settlement,
and observed "Old Home Week,"
the week following that regularly set
apart by the State Association for
the latter purpose, the programme
commencing on Saturday evening,
August 26, with a street illumination
and torchlight parade, headed by the
Canaan Drum Corps, which was wit-
nessed by a large crowd of spectators,
including many natives and former
residents from abroad returning for
the occasion.

On Sunday afternoon impressive
services were held in the old North
Church on Canaan Street, with a
ver}^ large attendance, the devotional
exercises being led by Rev. C. W.
Taylor, with prayer by Rev. C. S.
Wycoff; the anniversary sermon was
given by Rev. George H. Reed, D.D.,
pastor of the First Congregational
Church of Concord. The Music was
of high order, a large chorus of local
and visiting musicians occupying the
old time "singers' seats," supple-
mented by an extensive orchestra.
In the evening Hough's Band of
Lebanon, which furnished music
throughout the celebration, gave a
sacred concert on the lawn, in front
of the old Union Academy building.
On Monday, the main day of the
celebration, there was a grand parade
in the forenoon, with Maj. A.' H.
Chase of Concord as chief marshal,
which included a long line of decorated
carriages and floats, some containing
descendants of the early settlers.
The various orders and organizations

of the town were represented, to-
gether with the Mascoma Manu-
facturing Company, the schools, and
the town's highway department, with
a company of "horribles" bringing
up the rear.

The anniversary exercises, proper,
were held in the afternoon, in a large
tent provided for the occasion, which
was well filled, notwithstanding the
unfavorable weather. Hon. C. M.
Blodgett, mayor of Maiden, Mass.,
presided; the invocation was by
Rev. C. W. Taylor, and the historical
address was given by Hon. James B.
Wallace, of the present Executive
Council, a Canaan native and resi-
dent and historian of the town. Prof.
George W. Parker, a former resident;
read an original poem, and reminis-
cances of the early days were given
by C. 0. Barney, editor of the Canaan
Reporter. A variety of excellent
music enlivened the exercises.

An "Old Settlers' Ball" was held
in the evening, in the tent, which had
been provided with a floor for dancing,
the grand march, participated in by
one hundred couples, being led by E.
M. Allen, chairman of the Committee
of arrangement, and Mrs. Allen,
costumed as George and Martha
Washington.

The programme extended over
Tuesday, the 28th, with a handsome
parade of decorated automobiles in
the forenoon, and a variety of sports;
more speaking in the tent in the
afternoon, with E. M. Allen presiding,
and several short addresses, and a
ministrel show in the evening, at-

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Canaan^ s Anniversary

259

tended by more than one thousand
persons, and highly enjoyed by all.

Altogether the celebration was a
grand success, reflecting credit upon
the town, and giving great satisfac-
tion to the mass of its people,
native and resident, as well as to the
many visitors from other places.
Special credit for the success at-
tained is generally accorded to Edwin
M. Allen chairman of the Committee
of Arrangements, and Walter C.
Story, through whose personal solici-
tation the necessary funds were
mainly secured.

The historical address by Hon.
James B. Wallace is as follows:

HISTORICAL ADDRESS

I am to tell you of the trials and labors of
the men and women who settled this town.
The paths they trod between each other's
doors are for the most part grown up and
have disappeared. The brush houses and
log huts that sheltered them in their early
struggles have rotted down, and nothing re-
mains to mark their location except that one,
more fortunate than his neighbor, dug a
cellar, traces of which still exist. The tools
and implements used to subdue the wilder-
ness have long since disappeared. The house-
hold articles are worn out, but here and there
can be found some of the old tables, chairs,
chests and high-boys used by our ancestors
when they became more prosperous.

We are all of us more or less historians.
We like to tell of what we have done, whether
it is interesting to others or not; and, if we
can tell the same story twice alike, our reputa-
tion is safe. We are making history every
minute; it is the record of things past. This
record may be preserved in various ways, by
word of mouth from generation to generation,
bj' monuments and mounds; no tribe is so
rude but what it has attempted to preserve
its former existence. As we do nothing but
enact history, so do we say nothing but recite
it. The motives which move us in our ac-
tions are not always apparent to even our-
selves, much less to our fellowmen.

Why did I do that? has been asked by
many a man of himself. The diversity of
our actions, it would seem, could not be con-
trolled by our reason. Was it reasonable

that John Scofield should leave his relatives
and friends, pack up his household goods and
gods on a handsled and, with his wife and
four children, walk through the forests and
ford streams in the late fall and winter of
1766, from Norwich, Conn., a distance of
over two hundred miles, to settle in this
wilderness? What were his motives?

If he sought loneliness and solitude, he
found it, but not for long. A path once
made soon becomes hardened by continuous
feet. And so it was in the settlement of this
town. '

The history of our town did not begin here.
It was incorporated by a charter granted by
Gov. Benning Wentworth, July 9, 1761, and
upon the following conditions: that every
grantee shall plant and cultivate five acres
of land within the term of five years for every
fifty acres contained in his share. That all
pine trees fit for masting our royal navy
should be preserved. That one acre of land
should be lotted to each grantee, as near the
center of the town as possible, before any
other division of land should be made. The
condition that was not complied with was
the planting and cultivating of five acres of
land within five years. The charter lapsed;
application was made for its renewal which
was granted by Gov. John Wentworth,
February 23, 1769, for a period of four years.
Attached to the charter are the names of
sixty-two men, and not more than ten or
twelve of them ever saw their grants: Amos
Walworth, Ebeneazer Eames, George and
Daniel Harris, Samuel Meacham, Thos.
Gates, Thos. Miner, James Jones, Samuel
Dodge, Ephraim Wells, Jr., Josiah Gates;
possibly Thos. Gustin, who was appointed the
moderator of the first town meeting in the
charter.

The settlers had little to do with the Indians
and no mention of them is found in the rec-
ords of the town. Nevertheless, they were
around here and evidence of two camps has
been found — one upon the shores of Hart
Pond, on land of George E. Cobb, and the
other near the outlet of Goose Pond. They
probably belonged to the great family of
Abnakis.

Before the arrival of any settlers, it is not
known how many years before, trappers and
hunters explored these regions, and, it is
reported, met with good success. The names

260

Tie Granite Monthly

■01

of these men have come down to us. Colby
and his partner, Tribble. Colby was an an-
cestor of Ensign Colby, who settled on the
land now occupied by Thos. Robitaille.
Daniel Colby, a son of the trapper, came with
them and afterwards settled here. He was
99 years, and 7 months old when he died, and
had fifteen children.

Hart was another trapper who came with
them, after whom Hart Pond was named. As
far back as the memory and records of the
old settlers go, it was known by the name of
H-A-R-T Pond. These men came from
Haverhill, Mass.

The story of the first settlement is legendary.
There are no records or proofs of its truth.
It has been handed down from generation to
generation.

At the age of 51 years, John Scofield started
from Norwich, Conn., with his family. He
reached Lebanon, where he knocked around
trying to find some place to settle. He had
heard from trappers and hunters of- the
abundance of game, the rich intervals and
huge pine, where no man had stayed longer
than was needed to set and visit his traps.
He started in the wintry December of 1766,
on snow shoes, hauling his effects on a
handsled followed by his wife and four
children, two sons and two daughters. He
built his brush house in the valley, about
twenty five rods north of where the old
District no. 10 schoolhouse stood, and after-
wards replaced it with logs and dug a cellar
and built a stone oven. He had been ac-
customed to the comforts of social life, l)ut
he was not a social man. He was not fond
of neighbors. He wanted to be far enough
away from them so that when he visited
them, they would be glad to see him. Sco-
field was not a grantee, but he and his sona
purchased lands of the proprietors. That his
labors and virtues were appreciated is evident
from the vote passed at the first proprietors'
meeting, when he was awarded $26, as having
contributed most to effect the settlement of
the town. He was the moderator at the first
town meeting and, during his life here, oc-
cupied positions of trust and confidence.
His sons, Eleazer and John, and daughter,
Miriam, married and settled here. His
daughter, Delight, married and settled in
Hanover. He died in 1784, and his widow
died ten veais later.

Cmiaan's Anniversary

261

A few years after the death of their parents,
Eleazer and John sold out and moved to
Canada. Eleazer lived on South Road,
where John Moore aftei"n'ards lived, and his
brother, John, lived on the farm adjoining,
afterwards occupied by Maj. Levi George,
opposite the farm of the late George Ginn.

Thomas Miner, the second settler, also
came from Norwich and was 23 years old
when he came here. He was one of the grant-
ees, and at the date of the ch-arter was 18
years old. He had been a sailor and had
laid uj) some property. He had been of a
roving, free and easy-going disposition and
not in love with restraint of any kind. He
was married in 1765, and this did not tame
him enough to make him want to settle
down. He was uneasy to be on the go. In
the fall of 1766, after his first child was born,
he tried to get the Harrises and other pro-
prietors to start for their new grant. They
finally prevailed upon him to wait until the
next spring, by promising to gO with him.
Spring came; the others were not ready, but
Miner started, with his wife and child and
such implements as he could pack on a horse,
and driving a cow. The next morning after
his arrival, his horse was missing. He re-
traced his path about thirty miles and found
him. When he reached his wife and child
again, Mrs. Miner assured her husband that
she had heard sounds like chopping with an
axe. The following morning he heard the
same sounds. He discharged his gun which
was answered by the report from another
gun. It was not long before John Scofield
and Thos. Miner met. The friendship thus
formed continued throughout their lives.

Fifty-one of the sixty-two grantees were
residents of Norwich, Colchester, and the
surrounding towns in Connecticut. The
other eleven grantees were friends of the
Governor.

It was not until the summer of 1767, that
George and Daniel Harris, Amos Walworth,
Samuel Benedict, Samuel Jones (with him was
Reynold Gates), Lewis Joslyn, Asa Williams,
Joseph Craw and Daniel Grossman started
from Connecticut. George Harris was a man
of energy and intelhgence, and was recognized
as the leader. Soon after their arrival here
they proceeded to explore the country. They
were not_ sure that they would like the land
well enough to bring their famihes. Goose

Pond received its name, it is reported, from
an incident that occm'red on one of their ex-
peditions. They came upon a sheet of water
near Hanover whose surface was alive with
ducks and geese. They killed a goose — an
old one — cooked it all day and it was still
tough. It never got tender and to com-
memorate the goose they named the pond
after it. George Harris, Amos Waltworth,
Samuel Jones, Joseph Craw and Daniel
Grossman selected lands on South Road.
Grossman, Craw and Benedict who had
brought their families went into the business
of brush housekeeping, like Miner and
Scofield. Samuel Jones, who was unmarried,

Hon. Elijah Blaisdell

An Old Time Leader

attached himself to Mr. Scofield's family, and
afterwards married Miriam Scofield.

The Harrises and Walworth returned to
Connecticut and reported what they had
found. George Harris returned the same
season with his family, accompanied by
Samuel Dodge and Capt. Josiah Gates. They
all built log houses before winter set in. The
first death occurred the winter of 1768 —
Joseph Craw's child.

The first winter v*^as very severe. There
were no crops and the nearest corn mill was
in Lebanon, twelve miles away, with only
a foot trail through the forest, obstructed
by swamps and fallen trees, and onlj' logs
for bridges.

HON. WILLIAM M. CHASE

F, - *.s ociate Justice, New Hampshire Supreme Court

Canaan's Most Eminent Living Native

Canaan^s Anniversary

263

There are two kinds of recoids made by the
settlers of this town: The proprietors' rec-
ords were made by the men who owned the
charter rights. Not all of the settlers owned
proprietors' rights. The town records were
made l\v the inhabitants of the town. The
duty of the proprietors consisted mostly in
dividing up the land and lotting it to
the rights named in the charter. Each
right had about 325 acres. The first meeting
of the proprietors was Julj' 19, 1768, and for
two years all the town business was done by
them, until the first to\\ni meeting, July 3,
1770. The same men held offices in both
meetings. There were more offices than
men to fill them.

Deacon Caleb Welch was the eighth family
to settle here, in 1768. Asa Kilburn and
Jedediah Hibbard came that year frorn Leba-
non, and Nathaniel Bartlett. In 1769,
Ebenezer Eames, Thos. Baldwin, Joshua
and Ezekiel Wells and Samuel Chapman
came. Richard and Caleb Clark came in
1773; Robert Barber in 1778, or 9; William
Ayer and Nathan Follansbee in 1779;
Jonathan Carlton and David Dustin, Daniel
Parot and Sargent Blaisdell, about 1780;
John and Clark Currier in 1781; the six
Richardson brothers, William, John, Enoch,
Joshua, Eliphalet and ]\Ioses, in 1782;
William Bradbury in 1785. Ebenezer Eames
built the first corn mill, which was contracted
to be finished December 1, 1771. It was
built at the corner, with an over shot wheel,
a httle below the shop of R. F. Haffenreffer.
It was clumsy and uncouth, but the people
no longer had to go to Lebanon and carry
their corn and meal on their backs.

The last meeting of the proprietors >^vas
held December 2, 1845. The land having
been divided and many of the rights having
received their full share were cancelled, and
Joseph Dustin and Elijah Blaisdell were ap-
pointed a committee to dispose of all the
remaining undivided land. Mr. Dustin sub-
sequently gave several deeds of these un-
divided lands.

Canaan was one of sixteen towns along
this side of the Connecticut River that de-
sired to unite with Vermont in 1778, when
Vermont had petitioned Congress to be ad-
mitted as a state. These towns had become
dissatisfied with the measures adopted for
framing a constitution in New Hamp.shire.

Vermont accepted the union of these towns,
by a resolution, June 11, 1778. They gave
notice to New Hampshire and asked that
the boundary line be accurately settled.
New Hampshire would not recognize their
right of secession. Appeal was made to
Congress, Vermont having appointed com-
missioners, and, after consideration, Congress,
by a resolution in August, 1781, made it an
indispensible preliminary to the admission
of Vermont as a state that she give up all
claim to the grants east of the west bank of
the Conned icut River. In the end Vermont
gave up her claim and was admitted into the
Union. It is this resolution which forms an
important part of the case for New Hampshire
in the action now pending with Vermont to
establish the boundary line between the
two states. There was also an effort made
by certain towns, on both sides of the river,
to include this town, to form themselves into
a new state. This did not meet with favor.

The building of a meeting house disturbed
the people in the early days. The early
settlers were very religious and were per-
sistent in their attendance on Divine Wor-
ship. Their meetings began^ early in the
morning and lasted all day. It is not so
many years ago that we had a service in the
forenoon and one in the afternoon, with
Sunday School between and prayer meeting
in the evening, and everybody went. Now
it is difficult to induce attendance at one
service. The old settlers met mostly in
barns. Stoves were unheard of, except the
little iron ones that were used for putting
the feet on, and the barns were not even double
boarded. There they would gather and
listen to a prayer half an hour long and a
sermon of two hours, and woe to the small
boy who made a noise or the brother or sister
whose head began to nod. The tithing-man
compelled attendance at church, and enforced
order with his white wand, a ball on one end
and a fox tail on the other. The ball was
used for the men on the top of the head, and
the fox tail was drawn gently under the ladies'
noses. But there was a humorous side to this
annoyance which would sometimes crop out
in the characteristics of the man who filled
the office. Capt. Joseph Wheat was tithing-
man during the earlier portion of his father's
ministry. The old elder, when once he
settled into his two hours' labor, was obliv-

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Canaan's Anniversary

265

ious to all outside occurrences. On one
occasion Captain Jo, seizing his wand,
started out to quell a riotous disposition
among several children, whose guardians had
ceased from their labors and gone to sleep.
As he cast his eyes about the house, he was
astonished to perceive the whole congregation
nodding, wholly unconscious and careless
of the thunders that resounded from the
pulpit. He w^as quick-witted and eccentric,
particularly when seized with a profane
sentiment. On this occasion he never said
a word, but jumped up and jerked his solid
feet down square upon the floor. The con-
cussion brought the whole astonished con-
gregation to their feet. The old man stopped
preaching also, — lost his balance, in fact — but
rallied in a moment and sternly demanded,
"Jo, why do you disturb this meeting? Is
that the way you keep order?" "Sir,"
says Captain Jo, ''it lies between you and me
to entertain and instruct this congregation.
You've been telling them awful truths for
more than an hour and they all went to sleep.
I gave one solid jump, and they roused up as
if Satan were already shaking his spread wings
to carry them off. Your arguments are very
persuasive, but you see mine are powerful. "

Thos. Baldwin, who had had charge of the
church for several years, urged the necessity
of "a meeting house, a stated place for worship
and dedicated to God. Poverty and hard
times were pleaded, but at length, on March
11, 1788, the town voted to build a meeting
house. Several meetings were held, and
finally Dea. Caleb Welch, Lieut. Ez Wells,
John Scofield, Wm. Richardson and Daniel
Blaisdell were appointed to "prefix" the spot
and propose a convenient method to build
said house. The committee began to clear
the ground on the old Barber farm. Dis-
sensions arose that were so serious and bitter
that further action was postponed. After
four years of discussion, on August 27, 1792,
they voted again to build a meeting house.
■The committee was appointed, and on October
10, having reported, their report was ac-
cepted. It was voted to build it by proprie-
torship. On November 5, 1792, a public
vendue was held and the pew ground was bid
off to different owners for a total sum of 945
pounds, 13 shillings.

On December 26, 1792, the building and
finishing of the house was struck off to

William Parkhurst, son-in-law of Robert
Barber, for 561 pounds. It was to be finished
by September 1, 1794. Its dimensions were
to be 42 by 52 feet, 26-foot posts, with two
porches; one at each end, 12 feet square and
posts 23 feet. The inside work was to be
done in every respect equal to the upper
meeting house in Salisbury. The building
was not ready to be raised until early in
September, 1793. A l:)arrel of rum had been
procured from Jesse Johnson at East Enfield
to steady the nerves and increase the emula-
tion. It is said that Mr. Parkhurst, who was
a handsome young man, cool headed and of
firm nerves, while working upon the ridge
pole was called to assist in arranging the heavy
plate and that he walked down the western
rafter upright with his axe upon his shoulder
and several times exhibited feats of surprising
coolness. At last he proposed riding astride
one of the heavy timbers, but, when near
the top, the rope tackling broke and he fell
to the ground. He was unconscious and seri-
ously injuied and never recovered the use of
his limbs.

The completion of the house dragged along
and in November, 1796, they voted to pros-
ecute Mr. Parkhurst's bondsmen if it was
not completed by the next May. Capt.
Robert Barber and his son, John-M., the
bondsmen, completed it, but the committee
refused to accept.

There is no record of the dedication of the
house to God, either by sermon, prayer or
anthem, neither the day nor the reverend
men who took part in it; nor the banquet
which followed at Caleb Pierce's new tavei-n.

The house was built without steeple or
bell, with three entrances, one on each end,
under the porticos, and one on the south.
The pews were square boxes; those in the
center were placed in squares of four, and a
row of pews round the walls, raised one step
above the floor. The pulpit was reached
by a flight of ten steps, and from this eleva-
tion the minister could look into the gallery.
A picturesque and large-toned sounding
board was suspended over the desk. The
original clapboards were split from pine logs
and the shingles the same. The timbers
were cut, mostly, near the common, andithe
boards were sawed by Jonathan Carlton at
his mill at the village. The nails were of
wrought iron, cut out of nail iron of various

Catholic Church

Congregational Church

Old Paper Mill
M. E. Church, Street

Canaan's Anniversary

267

thicknesses, by the aid of a machine made for
that purpose and set up in Mr. Carlton's
mill. There was preaching in the building
until 1856. But from the time of its erection
it has been used bj' the towni for its town
meetings and has been knowai for many
years as the Town House.

The Grafton Turnpike Company caused
much discussion and contention for many
j'ears. It was incorporated June 21, 1804.
Daniel Blaisdell, Ezekiel Wells and Moses
Dole were the Canaan men named, with
others from adjoining towns, as incorporators.
They were given power to build a toll road
with gates and establish rates of toll. Daniel
Blaisdell was treasurer. There were two
toll gates in this town. The first gate was
at AVorth's Tavern, which stood on the site
of Mrs. St. Amand's residence. As this was
an easy place to evade payment it was moved
down near the Orange line. The second gate
was at Gates Tavern near Hanover line. The
farm is now owned by Mr. Melvin Washburn.
The old Tavern burned about two years ago.
The pike was advertised as a bonanza which
was to fill the pockets of its proprietors.
John Currier and Thaddeus Lathrop con-
tracted to build 130 rods for $200. It was
to be thirty feet wide; causeways, twenty-
four feet wide. It was to.be two feet higher
in the center than the sides. One hundred
and seventeen shares were owned in Canaan,
of the 300 issued; par value $100. Ten
dollars, was to be paid on receiving stock and
the balance as called for. In 1807, the (?on-
fidence in the pike was unabated and the
town voted to sell the school lots and lay
out the money in the pike. They after-
wards voted to sell the public rights unfold
and invent in the pike. The town bought
fifteen shares of the turnpike In 1808,
there were assessments, but no dividends, and
the pike was unfinished.

In 1811, the town voted to raise money to
pay its assessments. Fourteen men who did
not live on the pike "Decented" against
paying these taxes. Later in November they
voted to sell, for $100, the fifteen shares
which had already cost the town $110 a share
and against which were assessments of $372.
Between 1S07 and 1811, there were seven
assessments. The town paid part of the
sixth and none of the seventh. The first
dividend was paid in 1813, and the last in

1818, in all $6.46 on each share. It cost the
people of Canaan, $15,688.19, for their ex-
perience with the pike, of which amount they
received back $755.82 in dividends. The
total cost to the town was $2,067.75. Each
share cost its owner $137.85.

The pike dragged along until 1828, when
the legislature allowed it to go into liquidation.
And the same year the selectmen laid the road
over the same land.

From the earliest settlement of this town
its people have been stronglj^ sectarian in
religious matters. Personal recollections of
the old people are that they conceived it to
be of vital importance to make a public
confession of religion, and to be constant in
their attendance upon its ordinances. With-
out reflecting that (in many cases) it was
only an outside garment for Sunday use,
the sentiment grows upon one that these
solemn faced old gentlemen, whose constant
appearance at the meeting house, riding on
horseback and bringing their wives upon a
pillion behind them, were men of God to
whom no evil could come nigh. Each man
was his own expounder of the faith and doc-
trine he held to. They were all more or less
given to expressing their views on Sundays,
and, having once announced their beliefs,
they were not inclined to modify them, how-
ever they might differ from received opinions.
There were strong voiced persons among them,
who gradually monopolized the time, and at
length crowded out the feeble. These men
and women were never favorable to being
taxed to pay for preaching, because they con-
sidered themselves qualified to preach for
nothing. The records for many years give
us only negative votes upon the subject. At
length, when young Thomas Baldwin, one
of their own boys, sprightly, eloquent and
consistent, by hard study and steady applica-
tion, had been set apart and ordained as an
evangehst, and placed over this young church
and people they yielded gracefully to him as
their leader. The women loved and petted
him, and the men honored and respected him
for his manly, yet gentle character — and 35
pounds was readily voted for preaching for
his support. But in the flush of their pleasure
at having a leader, and while they were con-
gratulating themselves upon then* unanimity,
thei-e was heard one little piping voice and
then another, very feeble, sounding much as

■et'
a

e
«.

u
3

a.
a
BQ

•o

Canaan's Anniversary

269

if ashamed of its own weakness, and then
another — until five men vcame haltingly
forward and "descented" to raising the tax.
They did not believe it scriptural to support
a man for doing nothing but preach — it
would be encouraging laziness. They liked
for the brethren to have a chance to tell of
the Lord's doings, and not pay for a man's
speech when his hands were idle. "No,
they wan't a going to do no such thing."
Everybody in that hard working community
ought to have a chance to free his mind in
Ms own way. It was put to vote, and those
dissenting fellows were excused from paying
any pa,rt of the tax. Each day while clearing
away the forests, or working the lands, these
strong minded men were rehearsing the
thoughts thej' intended to speak at the next
Sunday gathering. Among them were many
fluent speakers — men who with education
might have shone in the world of letters.
With such men for fathers it is no wonder
that many of the sons became preachers, and
that several of them should attain eminence
in the denomination to which they attached
themselves.

The first preacher of whom we have any
record was James Treadway, who came here
as a settler in 1770. We know but little
about his doctrine, and what is known of
the man is not any evidence of Christian
principles, but rather a desire to better him-
self during the temporary lethargy of the pro-
prietors, who, when they realized that all men
are not honest, promptly rebuked him, and
in a few years he disappeared.

The first church established in Canaan was
Baptist. The record of this event has been
laid aside, but it was probably about 1780^
that is, that denomination seemed to have
the most followers, and in the early days the
most control over who should preach. Be-
fore the meeting house was built there was
no stated place of worship; they met where
it was convenient. Late in the summer of
. 1780 there came to town two Baptist evange-
lists, illiterate, but very zealous in their in-
tercourse with the people. Their homely
talk roused a large interest in religious mat-
ters. Their names have passed out of story
and we camaot, if we would, give their ad-
dress. They remained here several weeks.
Some old professors were worked up and
several young persons converted, among the

others was Thomas Baldwin. He had al-
ready, since the death of his boy, Erastus,
whose tombstone is in the cemetery on the
street, become a studious and serious young
man. After these strangers had departed
a suggestion was -uttered that a church or-
ganization would be desifable, which led in
a short time to the calling of a conference.
Elder Elisha Ransom of Woodstock, Vt.,
was consulted. Other clergymen, including
Rev. Samuel Ambrose of Sutton, were in-
vited to take part, and a church was organized
in Caleb Welch's barn on South Road, that
being the most convenient place for that
purpose.

It has come down in tradition that William
Plummer, afterwards governor, preached his
Tory sermon in the deacon's barn, in 1780.
It was also the place where many religious
meetings were held in pleasant weather.
Caleb Welch and John Worth were elected
deacons. Deacon Worth invited himself to
take charge of the singing, and it is said that
he clung to that office with great tenacity.
About thirty persons were admitted to mem-
bership. For a while the new church was
ministered to by preachers from neighboring
towns, and when these failed they relied upon
the talent which circumstances had developed
among them. No effort was made to settle
a preacher for many months. Mr. Baldwin
frequently conducted the exercises, and at
length decided to prepare himself for the
ministry.

In the spring of 1783 the church invited
him to receive ordination and become theis
pastor. A council was called in June and he
received ordination as an evangelist, and was
put in charge of this church. He remained
here seven years, until September 18, 1790,
when he went to Boston where he was in-
stalled, November 11. He received the
degree of A.M. from Brown University in
1794, and of D.D. from Union College in
1803. He edited the Baptist Magazine
from 1803-17, and was the founder of Water-
ville College, Maine. After his departure
there were numerous pastors, none of whom
gained the sympathy or support of the people.
In 1797 there was still one church in Canaan;
but it was not strong enough to support it-
self, and the great obstacle to securing "stated
preachmg" was found in the unwillingness
of the members of this church to listen to

270

The Granite Monthly

preachers of any other beHef. It was not
strong enough to pay the expense of a Baptist
preacher. There were Congregational] sts,
Universalists, and a few Methodists, and
also a few impracticable men, who like some
persons in these days though their own teach-
ings good enough for the people, and were
not inclined to yield their rights to any new
comer. Each belief was jealous of the others,
and refused to cooperate lest they might lose
individuality. The result was they had no
stated preaching for several years. When-
ever a religious meeting was held, Deacon
Richard Clark, Deacon John Worth or Mrs.
Miriam Harris would seize the opportunity
to deliver their melancholy rhapsodies to an
impatient audience, and this had got to be
so severe a trial that they at last resolved to
form a society upon the principles of equal-
ity," as they termed it. Elder Tyler said
Deacon Richard Clark was a powerful ex-
horter, and would sometimes lose himself in
his zeal. Spittle would fly from both sides
of his mouth, one corner at a time, and his
nose would run like a river, which he used to
blow about him first from one nostril and
then the other, stopping one with his thumb.
He was long winded and very annoying to
Thomas Baldwin. Other preachers followed
along in quick succession, but the pulpit was
oftener occupied by resident orators, was
little attended to and the candidates for the
church and people gave no satisfaction. They
just appeared above the religious horizon
and vanished like a summer cloud.

The singing then was a fruitful theme of ir-
ritation. Benjamin Trussell, a musician of
more than ordinary ability, a good singer, and
performer upon the violoncello, had moved
into town and was invited to contribute his part
in the devotional exerci.ses of the people. Like
a true musician, Mr. Trussell believed that
singing is only another form of praising God,
and that the more sweet sounds he brought
to his aid the greater was God's pleasure. He
took his violoncello into the seats, and tuned
it before the congregation. Deacon Worth,
who was counted as one of the guardians of
all the proprieties in the church, and a leader
of the singers, was more shocked than he had
been on the occasion of the call of Mr.
Wilmarth. That was simply a vocal in-
terruption, but this was an invasion of the
house of God, with the strains that the devil

used to tempt young people to dance. A
few other impulsive enthusiasts joined the
deacon in denouncing the ' ' devil music ' ' and
threatened to call a meeting of the church and
expel the offender. They talked a good deal
of nonsense, and some of the old singers, with
Deacon Worth at their head, threatened to
leave the choir and not sing any more, only
that this was just what the other party
wanted, and they would not afford them that
gratification. The gentle spirit of Christian
forbearance had nearly fled from the church,
when good old Samuel Meacham, an early
and devout Methodist, raised his hands in
the midst of the half angry company and
quietly remarked: "Brethren, let us pray,"
and then: "We pray thee, good God, turn
the thoughts of these ■wTangling singers from
themselves unto Thee! Fill their hearts
with harmony and love, and if there be a
single chord of music in Brother Trussell's
bass-viol that will tend to increase our de-
votions to Thee, let us have it in all its full-
ness and. Lord, forbid that we should ever
cast away any good or pleasant thing that
falls across our lives, and now give us thy
blessing, and send us courage to clear out
the angry thoughts that have invaded our
hearts, and, when we meet again, may it be
in love and affection. Amen." And Caleb
Seabury and Moses Dole re.sponded, "So
mote it be." And the singing after the
mutual jealousies had become self-exhausted
settled itself.

Mr. Trussell's viol became a favorite, with
everyone except the inharmonious deacon,
and he never ceased to talk about it. In
1807, there was nq preacher, and no prospect
of one unless the people would unite upon
some person and stand by him. So they
agreed to lay aside then- dogmas and personal-
ities and form a "Union Society" which like
all union societies in religion, proved to be no
union at all. Daniel Blaisdell was appointed
to write an agreement, such as all would sign.
The Union Society went to pieces in 1812,
and there was a relapse into the old order of
things, each denomination raising their own
money in their own way by assessment, and
hiring their own preachers. In 1813 a
successful effort was made to unite the
church and people, and a committee was sent
to Grafton with an invitation to Elder Joseph
Wheat to come and settle here, which he

Canaan's Anniversary

271

accepted. Elder Wheat was a Baptist, and
preached to that church and society for
twenty-three years. From the time of his
installation, in March, 1814, until during
the year 1827, he lived as the pastor and
teacher of the people going out and in before
them as an example of an honored and re-
vered man.

Elder Wheat' was a careful man in his
intercourse with the people. He had cheerful
words and friendly advice for every one. His
labors in the pulpit were arduous; his prayers
and sermons were almost of indefinite length,
and he delighted in the loud music of his
great choir, never omitting any of the
stanzas in the longest hymns. He labored
everjrwhere, and was called often to attend
funerals. On those sad occasions he was a
very effective speaker, being naturally sym-
pathetic, and weeping with the mourners. It
was his custom, whenever he heard unfriendly
criticisms upon the life and character of a
deceased person, to say, "We should tread
lightly upon the ashes of the dead." The
preaching of Elder Wheat and the high rep-
utation which he enjoyed as a patriot
soldier were powerful influences in forming
the habits and characters of many of our
people. He was generally modest in relating
his exploits. As a soldier he had endured
great harships.

Numerous Baptist preachers followed Elder
Wheat, no one of them remaining but a short
time, until in 1867 the church was reorganized
in this village and, after great trials, a church
edifice was erected and dedicated in June,
1872.

The Congregational Church was constituted
here in 1803; but, up to 1820, Congregational
preaching was seldom heard, although each
denomination was supposed to have an equal
chance to listen to its doctrine. Rev.
Charles Calkins came in 1820. He was not a
great man and was too much afflicted with
nerves. The old Baptists of Canaan were
jiot men of refinement, nor were they apt to
choose soft words in reference to rival minis-
ters. As a class they saw no good in anything
but Baptism ; all other isms were to be talked
about and treated with contempt. They
never missed an occasion to speak sharp words
of Mr. Calkins and his church. He remained
four years.

In the spring of 1824, Amos Foster came

over from Hanover. He was about here
more than a year, gaining friends by his
sincerity, his pleasant ways, his refined man-
ners and Christian graces. Even those
rough natures that saw only pride and dandy-
ism inside of a nice fitting suit of clothes
withheld their surly remarks when they be-
come acquainted with the sentiments which
governed the life of Amos Foster. On the
28th of February, 1825, the committee of the
Congregational Church contracted with Mr.
Foster. He severed his connection with
the church, January 2, 1833. The Congre-

Ex-Congressman Frank D. Currier

A Later Day Leader

gational Church was built in 1828, and dedi-
cated in January, 1829. It was built by the
sale of pews, as the Baptists had done.

Rev. Edward C. Fuller came after Mr.
Foster, and remained uiitil March 1, 1836.
Then Rev. Liber Conant came and remained
until the spring of 1845. From then until
1851, the church was without a pastor. Rev.
Henry Wood stayed two years, and on July
24, 1853, Rev. Moses Gerould entered on his
labors, which he closed in April, 1863, and
was the last settled minister in the old North
Church.

Methodism came with the early settlers.
Samuel Meacham, Ezekiel W^ells, and Caleb

272

The Granite Monthly

Seabury formed the first class. Canaan
belonged in the Hanover circuit, and it was
only once in four weeks that their minister
came around. In 1806, the New England
Conference met in Canaan and a camp meet-
ing was held in Robert Barber's woods, near
the Wells place, over which Bishop Asbury
presided. In 1826 the Methodists built a
church at South Road, at the corner of the
road from the "Switch." For many summers
and winters these old brethren came up to
worship God in this house. They grew older
and pas.sed away one by one — let us hope to
enjoy the Heavenly felicities they believed
in store for them. As the years passed the
congregation diminished. It grew more and
more inconvenient to attend. The members
gravitated away from that house. In June,
1842, a camp meeting was held in the woods
near the Wells burying ground. The feeling
begun that they ought to have a house on
the "Street," to the end that the new house
was dedicated on the "Street," October 2,
1844, and has continued to be used ever since.
The church building now occupied by the
Methodists in this village was a union church
and was built by the citizens. There was
religious wor.ship, but no church organization.
Methodist preaching began here with C. U.
Dunning in 1863, and, until 1883, they had
separate pastors from the Street. Since that
time both villages have been served by the
same preacher.

In 1834, Samuel Noyes, George Kimball,
Nathaniel Currier, George Walworth and
John H. Harris bought half an acre of land
just south of the Congregational meeting
house, and obtained a charter from the
Legislature July 4, for the purpose of es-
tablishing a school for the education of youth.
It was called Noyes Academy and its privi-
leges and blessings were to be open to all
pupils without distinction of color. The
Nation at this time was at the height of the
anti-slavery agitation. Canaan sympathized
with both sides and the Itne was as sharply
drawn between the abolitionists, in Canaan,
and their opponents, as anywhere in the
country. Several abolition orators came to
Canaan and served to keep the people stirred
on that question, which was not solved for
more than twenty-five years after. The
friends of the school realized there was going
to be a struggle; excitement was in the air;

both sides did not hesitate to show their
whole strength, and every effort was made to
bring it out and place every man either on one
side or the other. This was a question that
it took a man of great ability to straddle. But
the enemies of the school — perhaps that
phrase should not be used; it is not probable
that any one was opposed to the Academy,
as it was originated — but the plan to in-
troduce negroes into this white community
was revolting to the white sense of propriety.
Negroes were not recognized as a part of the
social system. This negative idea in regard
to the negro was not new at this time. The
first negro who came to Canaan was a boy,
who came over from Hanover about one
hundred years ago, to live with Captain
Dole. How curiously he was examined — the
flat nose, thick lips, kinky hair, and, more
wonderful than all, the blackness that en-
veloped his skin. The boys gathered about
him in a circle, and wondered to see him talk
and laugh like themselves. But the novelty
at length disappeared, and then Dennison
Wentworth was only a "colored boy."

But the Christian men and women of
those days were never ready to recognize
his equality before God. And, when the
Congregational Church was built in 1828-29,
that there might be no misunderstanding in
the sentiment of the builders or projectors, a
pew was built in the northwest corner of the
gallery, and dedicated to the negro race as
the "Negro Pen" and there it remains today,
a witness to the prejudice that was to culmi-
nate in after years in outrages and mobs all
over the land, producing bitterness and
wounds in society that a whole generation
has scarcely been able to heal. The negro
could go into that pen, and listen to the
prayers, the hymns and sermons of the
preacher, but he must come no nearer the
altar of God.

The opponents of the negro part of the
plan were not idle. They gathered together
in caucus, after the meeting of the proprietors,
and decided that a "town meeting" should
be called to procure if possible an unfriendly
expression from the voting population of the
town. There was another reason aside from
the social aspect of the affair that led them
to a public expression of disapproval of the
negro question in the school. The southern
politicians were getting excited at the spread

Canaari's Anniversary

273

of abolition sentiments, and it was a fondly
cherished belief of our good men that they
could contribute something towards soothing
their southern brethren, by passing resolu-
tions, denouncing the abolitionists, having
them published in the New Hampshire
Patriot, signed by the selectmen and clerk,
and then sending carefully marked copies
to their senators and representatives in
Congress. It was only a mui'muring ripple
of popular opinion, not very loud as yet but
harsh, a murmur that was to develop an
untamed Wild beast.

different parts of the town with instructions
"to use all lawful means to prevent the es-
tablishment of said school and if established
to counteract its influence."

On the 11th of September, 1834, the trus-
tees met for the first time in the Academy,
when they transacted such busine.ss as came
before them and issued a prospectus of the
school. The committee immediately started
for Andover Theological Seminary and Mr.
William Scales of that Institution was recom-
mended as principal, was accepted and was
to begin the next March. In the meantime,

Canaan Village and Cardigan Mountain

A town meeting was warned to be held
September 3, "To take the sense of the
qualified voters relative to the contemplated
Institution about to be established in this
town, avowedly for the purpose of educating
black and white children and youth pro-
miscuously and without distinction and
what measures to adopt in regard to said
Institution." The meeting was held on the
appointed day, and resolutions were passed.
Daniel Pattee, John Shepard and Elijah
Blaisdell w-ere chosen to procure the publica-
tion of the foregoing preamble and resolutions.
And to nominate "seventeen" pensons in

May Harris commenced the female depart-
ment the 1st of October with twenty scholars,
and Parson Fuller taught the male depart-
ment.

On January 22, 1835, it is recorded, the
thirteen colored pupils were attending school.
Mr. Scales came March 1. Some of them
left. On June 10 there were six in attendance.
A letter of that date says: "The fact that the
whole slave population of the South are
coming here shocks the sensibilities of the
toothless, eyeless, senseless part of the com-
munity. The old, superannuated dotards
sigh at the coming events, and wish they had

274

The Granite Monthly

never been born. Because, forsooth, a black
man has come among us."

Rumors of the most absurd character were
set afloat against the school and the people.
The village was to be overrun with negroes
from the South; the slaves were coming here
to line the streets with their huts, and to
inundate the industrious town with paupers
and vagabonds. Other tales, too indecent to
be reported, were circulated with wicked
industry. As the Fourth of July approached
violence began to be threatened, and it was
announced that on that day an attack was to
be made on the house. The dayjirrived and
hundreds of men assemliled, some as actors,
others as spectators. The building was ap-
proached in a threatening manner by a body
of about seventy men, many of whom were
from adjacent towns, armed with clubs and
other missiles and uttering fierce threats and
imprecations. They drew up in front of the
house. The leader of this brave band was
Jacob Trussell, who announced to his followers
that the object of their "virtuous wrath" was
before them. Several approached and at-
tempted the door.

There is in every man a sense of right and
wrong which makes even the most hardened
criminal hesitate to commit an unlawful act,
even in the presence of his fellow conspirators.
• A sudden paralysis seemed to seize them. A
window in the second story was suddenly
thrown open and Dr. Timothy Tilton, a
magistrate, appeared and, after addressing a
few words of warning, began to take down
the names of the visitors in a loud voice.
Thus he called the names of "Jacob Trussell,
Daniel Pattee, Wesley P. Burpee, Daniel
Pattee, Jr., Salmon P. Cobb, March Barber,
Phineas Eastman," and so on. Then the
band of rioters hesitated, fell back a little,
and soon, retreated, with undisguised speed,
leaving behind them only their leader who
stood his ground valiantly for a while looking
defiantly at the offensive building.

The 31st of July, 1835, is memorable in the
annals of Canaan for the disorder it evolved
as well as for the remarkable resolutions that
were permitted to go upon its records, where
they remain as a perpetual memento of the
slow progress of public opinion. Joseph L.
Richardson was moderator. The house was
crowded with men filled with rage, rimi and
riotous intentions. They had worked them-

selves into the belief that a "legal" town
meeting could do lawfully what it was unlaw-
ful for an individual to do. They were willing
to shift the odium of the outrage of what they
were about to do upon the "legal" town
meeting. A committee was appointed to
report a plan for the action of the town.
After much labor that committee presented
a series of resolutions embracing within their
tortuous folds the plan that was to destroy
the school, or rather as those who were seeking
an excuse for their acts, to "abate the public
nuisance," and a committee of fifteen was
appointed to carry them out. The 10th of
August was the day appointed to abate the
nuisance. Extracts from a diary of that date
say:

"The day dawned; the sun never rose with
more loveUness. Its meridian splendor is not
an apt comparison in dog days. In the morn
we greet him, at noon we flee from him. The
cloud that had so long hung threateningly
over us now assumed a most fearful aspect.
The people led by villianswere mad, and in
their madness had become destroyers. I was
standing at my desk writing. Saw a man,
Mr. B., pass with an iron bar. Soon I saw
several more pass with bars and axes. Now
a wagon loaded with chains hurried along.
I looked out at the door. The street was full
of people and cattle in all directions. A
'string' of fifty yoke are just turning the cor-
ner by the old Church, all from Enfield —
William Currier at their head. Thomas
Merrill was also a leader. The destruction of
that beautiful edifice has already begun.
Trussell was the first man on the ground.
He is Captain of the gang. His features show
the smile of satisfied revenge. He thus ad-
dressed them: 'Gentlemen, your work is
before you. This town has decreed this
school a nuisance, and it must be abated. If
any man obstructs you in these labors, let
him be abated also. Now fall to, and remove
this fence.' Dr. Tilton read the riot act and
it was the only obstruction offered by the
friends of the school. They chose to suffer
affliction and the destruction of their prop-
erty, rather than shed the blood of these mis-
guided men. They got the shoes under a little
past 12 at noon. Trussell stands upon the
front to give orders. The team is attached —
ninety-five yoke of cattle. It is straightened.
The chains break. They try again and again

Canaan's Anniversary

275

the chains break. Almost in vain do they
try. Thermometer ranges at 11(3 in the sun.
At half past seven they had succeeded in
drawing it into the road, when they adjourned
till the next day. The cattle were in the
meantime driven down to William Martin's
meadow, where they were turned loose for the
night. I need not tell you of the band of
earnest philanthropists — men and women —
who met together in secret that dark night
and wept and prayed because of the destruc-
tion that had befallen their beautiful hopes.
A man from Enfield, Joshua 'Devil' Stevens,
as he was called, set fire to the building that
night, intending to destroy it, but the attempt
failed. The chains were weak; doubled they
were still weak. A swift messenger was dis-
patched to the Shakers at Enfield and to
Lj^man's Bridge at Lyme for the cables used
there. He returned before morning. Tues-
day, the 11th, the progress of destruction was
more rapid. The chains held firm when the
order was given 'to straighten the team.' A
little before noon they had reached our store
where they halted in front, and at once
demanded that a barrel of rum should be
rolled out or they would demoUsh the doors.
Mr. C. and myself thought it best to yield to
their threats, but William said, ' No, I would
sooner die than yield an inch to these fanatical
villains.' He backed himself against the door,
determined to resist to the last. But he was
removed after much strugghng, and they had
the rum. Do you beUeve we did not ^ish it
might be hell fire to their bodies? This day
was hotter than the preceding, yet with
.redoubled ardor these men persisted in their
crime, until they hauled the house on to the
corner of the common, in front and close by
the old church. They arrived upon the spot
just at dark, so completely fagged out, both
oxen and men, that it was utterly impossible
to do anything further. There it stands,
shattered, mutilated, inwardly beyond rep-
aration almost, a monument of the folly and
•infuriated malice of a basely deceived popu-
lace."

The}' voted to reassemble on September
10th, on which date they would locate the
building and give Mr. Scales and the blacks
a month to leave town. They met on that
date and promptly proceeded to their work
by locating the building across the road.
Then they dragged the cannon through the

street, discharging it at the house of every
abolitionist, breaking glass in abundance.
The school was destroyed. The town by vote
repaired the building, appropriating the
money from the Surplus Revenue Fund, and
the spirit that "hauled" it from its first
foundation was evoked to make good the
pledges it made itself. A teacher was hired
and a few pupils attended for a few weeks,
six or eight, and the money or the disposi-
tion failing the school was discontinued.
Several attempts were made to open it, but
they ended in failure. An attempt was made
by the "town," or those who had abducted
the building, to compromise with the pro-
prietors, but those stood aloof, beheving and
hoping a day of redress would come, but it
never came. These unlawful acts, which it
was claimed public opinion demanded, have
been atoned for, but not in human courts of
justice. On the morning of December 31,
1838, it was found that seven windows had
been removed the night before. Search was
made for them; a pile of fragments of sash
and broken glass, pounded almost to powder,
were found on the shore of the pond. The
building had been standing several years a
silent monument of all the bad feelings of the
human heart. Its doors were seldom opened
to the student. Many persons had expressed
a wish that it might burn down, and its
ashes be scattered to the four winds, and that
the remembrance of it might cease from the
recollection of man. On the night of March
7, 1839, a great light illuminated the heavens.
All the people leaped from their beds, and
saw the building, the cause of so much sorrow
and sin, enveloped in flames. No efforts were
made to extinguish it. And the ashes were
indeed scattered to the four winds.

John Greenleaf Whittier has commemo-
rated this event in these words,

"The schoolhouse out of Canaan hauled,

Seemed turning on its track again.
And like a great swamp turtle crawled

To Canaan village back again.
Shook off the mud and settled flat

Upon its underpinning;
A nigger on its ridge pole sat.

From ear to ear a-grinning."

A few weeks after the burning a number of
men assembled in William P. Weeks' office
and proposed to erect a new academy upon

276

The Granite Monthly

the site of the one burned. Thirteen notes
of $100 each, each signed by five men, were
presented to the town agent who was asked
to loan them the money for the construction
of the building from the Surplus Revenue
Fund.

Afterwards a charter was procured from
. the Legislature and approved June 27, 1839,
in which Eleazer Martin, Jesse Martin, Caleb
Blodgett, James Arvin, Guilford Cobb, En-
sign Colby, William P. Weeks, Daniel Pattee,
Jr., James Pattee, Joseph Dustin and William
Doten were named as incorporators, to estab-
lish an institution for the "education of
youth" under the name of "Canaan Union
Academy." With this money they built the
academy, believing it would prove a success-
ful and profitable investment; but this belief
was a delusion, if not a snare. No steps were
taken by the dominant party to conciliate the
large number of citizens who were aggrieved ;
no kind words were spoken, nor did anyone
propose any method to harmonize the antag-
onisms; and there the two nearly equal hos-
tile factions stood, making faces at each other,
the one pointing to that building as a monu-
ment of acts of aggression unatoned for, and
the other flinging back contemptuous epithets
ad libitum.

Dr. Thomas Flanders contracted and built
the building. On the 1st of September, 1839,
the school was organized and J. Everett
Sargent, who had taught the last term in the
old building,' was engaged to teach in the new.
It opened with one hundred and twenty
pupils. The opposition had a school in
Currier's Hall, the -second story of C. P.
King's store, on the Street. It drew sixty
pupils. These efforts were strained. The
schools gradually fell off. The academy was
reestablished again in 1852. It reached its
highest success under Charles C. Webster in
1854, with a total of two hundred and six
scholars. He was here three years. Burrill
Porter, Jr., continued for another year with
one hundred and seventy-one scholars and
six teachers. It then ceased to be a corpora-
tion and became a private school, with wide
intervals of time when the building was
closed. It is now twenty-five years, nearly,
since there was a school there. The question
disputed at that time and at the bottom of
all their hard feeling has long since been
settled, and their children and grandchildren

have grown up with no remembrance of the
spite and abuse tlu-own broadcast by their
parents and grandparents.

The issue is dead and forgotten; the slave
question has ceased to be; abolition, too;
and we of this day can little realize the depth
to which men's feehngs were stirred. Such
is the history of the attempts to establish a
school of learning in Canaan, and when we
look back upon its stormy course, at no time
having the goodwill and sympathy of all the
people of the community, bitterly opposed
and as bitterly favored, living along from
year to year on the persistence some men have
to accomplish their ends, and using the object
in dispute only as a means, blind to the good
there might be in it itself, if spite and revenge
be eliminated, the good in it became secondary
to the success of their plans for revenge, re-
sorting to trickery, force and unlawful means
to bolster up or oppose. Is it any wonder
that such a cause should fail when dependent
upon such influences; that people who had
not become involved should hesitate to take
any part?

Nathaniel Farrar was the first lawyer who
came here, about the time of the building of
the meeting house. He was starved out and
left town. The settlers were averse to quar-
rels. In 1808, Thomas H. Pettingill came
and since then, with two exceptions, George
Kimball and John H. Slack, the lawyers, have
made a living in this town. Among them have
been Elijah Blaisdell, son of Daniel Blaisdell,
who was, after leaving here, Judge of Probate;
Jonathan Kittredge, Chief Justice of the
Court of Common Pleas in 1856; William P.
Weeks, who with his business instincts
amassed quite a large fortune; Jonathan
Everett Sargent, who taught school, studied
law, built a house and married here, and
afterwards was Chief Justice of our Supreme
Court; George W. Murray, whom many of
us remember was a successful lawyer and
business man; Joseph D. Weeks and his
brother, William B.,. who, inheriting their
share of their father's property, were not
given to the practice of law so much as other
matters; Isaac N. Blodgett, who was a partner
of William P. Weeks at one tim^, afterwards
Chief Justice of our Supreme Court, and his
brother, Caleb Blodgett, Judge of the Su])e-
rior Court in Boston; Mass.; ^^'illiam ]M.
Chase, a retired Judge of our Supreme Court,

Canaaii's Anniversary

277

anil Frank D. Currier, our well known Con-
gi'essman.

Canaan has always been a loyal and pa-
triotic town. In all her graveyards repose
the dust of those who went forth to fight and
win Uberty in the Revolution. Fortj'-three
of these soldiers lie buried here. After the
Revolution the , militia of the state was
organized. The 37th Regiment held its
musters on the side of the Pinnacle and in
Currier's field, at the upper end of the Street,
and on the Common. In the war of 1812,
five men volunteered and nine men were
drafted. Four Canaan men were in the
Mexican War. Sixteen men volunteered in
1861, and the number of men who were
credited to this town during the Rebellion
was one hundred and eighty-three.

The first settlement of the town was made
on what is known as South Road, which was
the first road in town and extended across
the south side of the town. When the corn
mill was built at the Corner, the settlers soon
beat a path to it, coming up the old Barber
farm, crossing the Dustin farm and on up by
the North Church to the Corner. This road
was discontinued after the Turnpike was
built. The Richardsons settled on Sawyer
HiU, and so a path led to them from South
Road. Joshua Wells settled at the foot of
Hart Pond, on the east side, and Rolaert
Barber at the end on the west side. Samuel
Noyes and Daniel Blaisdell settled in the
southeast corner of the town, and WiUiam
Douglass, in 1786, built a log house near
where the old Grand View Hotel stood.
Paths were trod and roads were built between
them.

A road had been trod for some years from
Grafton across the Street to Lyme before the
Grafton Turnpike was laid over it. From
about 1790, until after the Northern Railroad
went through this village, in November, 1847,
the "Street" was the business center. The
big wagon loads of goods from Boston to the
northern towns in the state came this waj',
and stopped at Pierce's Tavern which was

built in 1794. It became Moore's store,
Clark's Inn, J. Harris' Inn, Cobb's Tavern
and so on down to Crystal Lake House and
Grand View Hotel. It stood north of the
town house. The stone house, the only one
of its kind, was built in 1842, by Edmund
Hazen. The stone came from the old paper
mill pasture. It was built for a blacksmith
shop and Simon Dodge finished it into a
house.

I have endeavored to tell you of some of
the'most important events that occurred here
in the early days. Thriftiness in those days
was not confined to mere business piu-suits.
Marriage was a business as much as other
occupations and it meant homes, households,
families, and such famihes! David Pollard
lived on the Gore; he was the father of twenty
children. Joseph Flint settled on the George
\\ . Davis farm and was the father of nineteen
children. Ezekiel \^'ells had eighteen chil-
dren; Daniel Colby, fifteen; Jacob Dow,
fourteen; John M. Barber, nine; Panott
Blaisdell, ten; Nathaniel Currier, eleven;
Daniel Blaisdell. eleven; and these eleven
had seventy children. Ehjah, one of the
eleven, had twelve; Daniel, seventeen and
Panott, twelve. In 1767, there were nineteen
persons in town; in 1773, 67; in 1785, 253,
The largest number of inhabitants was in
1870-1877, and since then the population
has decreased.

We are here to celebrate the one hundred
and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of
this toiVTi. With what joy and pride do we
look back upon the events which have deter-
mined our destiny and made our happiness?
That event should be commemorated that the
honor due those sturdy men should not fade
from our eyes nor the eyes of our posterity.
We should renew om* reverence and affection
for them. The years, as they have rolled on
from that momentous wintry December,
1766, have shown growth and strength, in-
creasing wealth and numbers, and may the
accomphshments of these one hundred and
fifty years be an incentive to us.

278 The Granite Monthly

THE SHORT-CUT PATHWAY HOME

By Charles Poole Cleaves

There is simple grace in the village street,

The highway- of the town,
Where the elms in royal arches meet

And the night and the day look down.
Grace to dignity grown;

I hark to the trolley's hail.
Library, schools and hall — behold!

Where. the brook once crossed the vale.
Yet, face of an old-time friend.

O'er which no changes come,
Whose deepening lines tell tales of yore,

Is the short-cut pathway home.

A beckoning, cheering, luring path

Where the brook and the river greet;
On the lone-plank bridge the footfalls chime

And the brown soil's touch is sweet.
Over the pasture stile.

Where the alder thickets sway,
With dip and curve, in varying mood,

The old path swings away.
Broad by the river's brink;

Narrow, at last, to come.
As if it paused on the way to think,

Then hastened joyfully home.

No need that the old mill's dreamy eyes

In twinkle and flash should stir;
Nor of writ or lore of the human lives

Whose steps in the old path blur.
The thickets whisper still.

The brook is murmuring low.
And the river's grove in echo wakes

The voices of long ago.
No need of face or form

Of the souls that with me roam ;
I know — and the thoughts come thick and fast

On the royal highway home.

CLOUDS

By Edward H. Richards

In boyhood days, I wondered why
The clouds so often crossed the sky;
But, later on, I came to know
Without the cloudlets, naught could grow.

Now, as a man, when shadows fall
Across my path, oft I recall
That simple lesson of the skies,
And trudge along without surprise.

FRUITLESS FARMING AT FRUITLANDS

By Emma F. Abbot

Transcendentalism, both a philoso- tual aspiration, enjoined on its mem-

phy and a religion, consisting of ideas bers a denial of all but the highest

and aspirations transcending or ex- and purest ideals, claiming the eating

ceeding all existing realities, reaching of flesh to be depraving; beef eating

out toward higher conditions than an encouragement to the bovine

humanity has yet attained, stands for quality, a pork diet changing men

the cultivation of the highest attri- into swine. Objectors claimed that

butes in man and the obliteration of a potato diet would change a man

the lowest. It was prevalent among into a potato ''and what if the potato

scholars and writers, both in Europe be small?" It is said of them that

and America, in the early forties. they wrought literally the miracle,

Nurtured in homes of culture and their wine being water, flesh bread,

education, its chief disciples were and drugs fruit; while eggs, milk and

clergymen. Emerson began his ca- butter were forbidden on the reason-

reer as a Unitarian minister, as did ing that the chick had the right to

Walker, Ripley, Channing, Dwight, life and the milk belonged to the calf.

Johnson, Longfellow, Wasson, and Even the right of the canker worm to

Higginson. life, liberty and the pursuit of hap-

Its influence was not confined to piness was regarded,

its little band of adherents alone; Tea, coffee, molasses and rice —

but to it our country is indebted for foreign luxuries — were forbidden,

many of its great reforms. It taught Fruits, berries, grains and vegetables

the value of the individual and the were the diet. Simple linen tunics,

rights of the weak and helpless. The loose trousers, and broad brimm'ed,

seed thus sown resulted in the eman- linen hats, with canvas shoes, the

cipation of the slave, in the righting dress of the men; linen bloomers that

of the wrongs of women, the humane of the girls and women, Mrs. Alcott

administration of capital punishment submitting under protest, as her

and the sentiment against it. practical common sense was out of

Various communities of these con- sympathy with the experiment, while

genial spirits were established. Most her loyalty kept her faithful to the

noted were those of Brook Farm at duties which fell all too heavily upon

West Roxbury, headed by George her.

Ripley; an association" for industry A school in England, Alcott House,

and education," including such liter- had been named for Bronson Alcott

ary lights as Hawthorne, Channing by his admirers in that country. And

and Margaret Fuller; and, less well from there Mr. Alcott brought Charles

known, that at Fruitlands at Har- Lane and his son William; two other

vard, Mass., with Bronson Alcott, men and a valuable library of one

Charles Lane and Thoreau as leaders, thousand volumes accompanied them

Brook Farm laid no restriction on to help found the ideal community

the manner of living, the care and through which he hoped to elevate

use of cattle and pigs, with all other the race.

agricultural resources and duties The situation of their hopes was

falling on each member alike. There found in Harvard, Mass., fourteen

were schools and other mental oppor- miles from the Concord home of

tunities and requirements. It was Alcott, Emerson, Thoreau and the

practically an agricultural, literary other philosophers who were so

and scientific school. strongly banded together and whose

Fruitlands, with its higher spiri- elevating utterances were given to

280

The Granite Monthly

the world through the famous maga-
zine called The Dial,

The home of their choice was on a
hillside, remote from travel, with a
wonderful view, including Wachusett,
and Monadnock mountains and the
Still River; two miles from Harvard
village and less than one, from the
village of Still River.

Charles Lane alone seemed to be
able to raise funds to pay for this
place, valued by the owner, Mr.
Wyman, at $2,700. The sum availa-
ble being Hmited to about $1,800,
the land only was finally purchased
for that sum, Mr. Wyman agreeing

Here they were joined by Charles
and William Lane and others. None
were to be turned away. All were
welcome to join the community with-
out expense, as none would wish to
remain who were out of sympathy
with its plans and purpose.

Here Emerson and other great
Concord philosophers, called the
Mystics, discussed profound questions
and incidentally sowed the seed of
thought in the children by such
queries as "What is man?" eliciting
from the tots replies like "An animal
with a mind," "soul and a mind,"
etc. And again "What is God's

Bronson Alcott's Fruitlands (By Permission of Clara Endicott Sears)

to loan the use of the buildings free
for one year.

Here Alcott, by many called the
dreamer, by all known to be a man
of high spiritual type, brought his
family, Mrs. Alcott, the bright and
practical "marmee" of Louise Alcott's
tale of "Little Women," the four
little girls, Anna, Beth, Louise and
May; the Meg, Beth, Jo and Amy of
Louise Alcott's later pen. Louise
was at that time ten years old.

Jolting over the ground in a big
wagon, the treasured bust of Socra-
tes saved from destruction by the
watchful care of the children, the
journey to the New Eden was accom-
plished.

greatest work?" Anna Alcott said
"men," but Louise reasoned it to be
"babies," since "men are often bad
while babies never are."

Joseph Palmer, a stalwart and
determined character from "No
Land," a gore near Fitchburg, who
had suffered much persecution, in-
cluding jail, in consequence of wear-
ing a beard (from which beard he
was never parted, despite several
assaults for that purpose), offered his
energetic services to the community
free of charge and seems to have been
the only practical, diligent farmer of
the community, as Mrs. Alcott and
her little girls were the backbone of
the domestic problem — and a very

Fruitless Farming at Fruitlands

281

overburdened back bone it was, —
Miss Anna Page, the only other
female member of the con-sociate
family at its inception, having been
soon expelled for being guilty of
tasting fish while away on a visit.
To her tearful plea, "I only ate a
little bit of the tail," was replied,
"But for that bit of tail a whole fish
had to be tortured and killed."
And she had to go.

All things were to be perfectly
clean and free from pollution, the
land to be fertilized only by turning
in the crops, clover and buckwheat,
back to itself. But this course was
not immediately productive of avail-
able result, and the impractical phi-
losphers came to grief thereby —
wrecked in their purpose to live
without money while building up
their land without fertilizer or credit.

Mulberry trees were planted for
use in raising silkworms, but of
course the trees must have time to
grow.

They planned to build cottages
for the colony, as it grew, all along
the slope where abundant water
gushed out from springs ready for use.

To do all without means or the
labor of beasts, which was also pro-
scribed, was a problem which even
the undaunted Joseph Palmer was
not able to solve.

Necessity finally forced a conces-
sion to the extent of empowering
Mr. Palmer to bring from No Land
a plow to relieve the realistic back-
aches caused by the attempt to break
up the land by hand. An ox and a
cow were also added to work together.
There is a suspicion that Joseph
Palmer did not always resist the
temptation to reinforce his sustain-
. ing powers by secret draughts of
milk from the aforesaid cow, though
the precept of the cult was a rigid
abstinence.

It would seem that the unselfish
devotion of the founders to the basic
principle was not fully shared by all
the later arrivals. This, and the
shortage of provisions, caused the
final tragic end of the community.

Disappointment in his cherished
plan to reform humanity was so
great that Mr. Alcott in utter despair
lay down on his bed, turned his face
to tjie wall and resolved to die by
starvation. Near the end he was
induced by what his friends call his
New England conscience, but what
I suspect was the same influence of
his remarkable wife, to retract.
''And so," as he said, ''we took our
four little women back to Concord
in an ox-cart." (Probably with the
ox and cow as motors.)

The name "Fruitlands" seems to
have been chosen with a view to the
future rather than the primary situa-
tion, as there was little fruit except
from a few apple trees, some of which
are still standing.

And dear loving, faithful but un-
believing "Marmee" is credited as
suggesting with quaint humor, as
they lumbered away, a change of title
from Fruitlands to Apple Slump, as
related by our beloved authoress of
the experience in her interesting tale
of Transcendental Wild Oats.

On the breaking up of the colony,
Joseph Palmer purchased the place,
and he and his descendants lived
there for many years dispensing un-
limited hospitality to all who came
to their doors.

The other Concord philosophers
also returned to Concord, while
Charles Lane and his son retired
among the Harvard Shakers for a
time, and afterwards returned to
England.

Alcott lived to accomplish much,
both as superintendent of the schools
of Concord, where he was relieved of
the financial part for which he was
so ill fitted, and left free to devote
himself to advancing a high intellec-
tual standard; also through his
famous "Conversations," so called,
on account of which he travelled many
miles, west and east, never, however,
realizing adequate compensation.

It is not with a feeling of ridicule
that one can view this enterprise and
its results. The spiritualit.y, the
sincerity, and the earnestness of

282 . The Granite Monthly

purpose to benefit mankind should In the long kitchen is a fine clock,
make the world very indulgent in its left by the former owner, and the
judgment — not criticising the failure deeds given by Mr. Wyman to
so much as sympathizing with the SamuelJ. May, Mrs. Alcott's brother;
intention, and sorrowing at the de- also the Emerson deed written in his
struction of the beautiful dream. own handwriting; another corn-
It is in this spirit of affectionate munity highboy, a long community
regret that Miss Clare Endicott Sears, dining table made after the original,
herself a woman of rare intellect and with its two backless benches. On
culture as well as means, has restored the floor is the old noon mark,
the place at Harvard, " Fruitlands, " There too, the community plow is
to its original condition; bringing to honored in old age. The old settle
it by great effort, expense and patience and many exceedingly interesting
many of its old furnishings and relics are to be seen in the old colo-
treasures. nial kitchen. While the chambers
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Satur- above are filled with articles of ab-
days of each week in summer autos sorbing interest.

and carriages assemble, as to a Mecca, Not least interesting is the Bronson

at this beautiful spot on the hillside Alcott room, with its quaint bed,

with its charming view. placed as it was when he despairingly

In front one sees the mulberry trees sought to fend his life there with the

planted of old by the community, ending of his cherished dream. There

We enter the room where the phi- is "Marmee's" lace cap, as white and

losophers assembled to discuss deep ambitious, as when it graced her head

questions. The very paper on the on state occasions; also a piece of her

wall is restored. The table where Paisley shawl. The one lamp also

.they wrote and communed together, which lighted her industrious nights,

and sometimes dined, occupies the despite the prohibition of oil, as the

old place. Around the walls hang bayberry candles which were alone

their portraits, giving one the feeling allowed proved insufficient for her

that their spirits still preside there, needs — her lamp, which, even in its

Within the fireplace are the com- present idleness, seems to illume the

munity andirons, formerly owned by past with her own favorite motto,

Thoreau. The same high-boy and "Hope and keep busy."

tiptables, snuffers, crane and iron The low garret, where the children

pot, as of old, are in this room. slept and where the child, Louise,

The ancient books in the small tells us "the rain sounded so pretty

entrj^ maintain something of their on the roof, "is empty of all but

former appearance, though, of course associations.

not the same. But they are interest- We find, as we ride lingeringly

ing in themselves and include a set away, that we have imbibed some-

of The Dial. thing of the sentiments of those

In the study is a beautiful old mystics of old, who reached out to a

Dutch high-l)oy, veneered with root simpler and more ideal standard of

of Hungarian walnut, belonging to living. And for days we dream of

the community, a bust of Socrates their dreams; and the beautiful

presiding. There, too, is Major panorama of distant fields and moun-

Gardner's teaset, which the children tains, interspersed with silver gleams

daringly used at the mock wedding from the Still River, remains with us.

of Louise Alcott and the little Gard- „. ., ,. „

ner boy; also a bullet-riddled Bible, '^^"<>^' ^- ^•

picked up from the battle ground the -.r . m „d ai ^^> -n -xi j .1

fl • t4- +u r> 4-+1 r -D 1 Note: To "Bronson Alcott s Fruitlands,"

mornmg after the Battle of Bunker by Clara Endicott Sears, the writer is in-

Hlll. debted.

New Hmnpshire Hills Are Calling ' 283

NEW HAMPSHIRE HILLS ARE CALLING

By Bernard V. Child

The hills are calling! I can hear

Them saying, "Come to me";
The mountains beckon strong and clear,

"Our heart and life are free."

And the rivers, vales and woodlands,-

All stretching out between,
Give, with overarching cloudlands,

Enchantment to the scene.

The smiling roadway and each glade —

"Come, walk at close of day,
And tread my path and feel my shade, "

I hear their voices say.

The winding cow-path speaks of joys,

Of summer days of old,
Of homely pastimes of the boys,

Of sunset clouds of gold.

Delicious sound! Yon babbling brook;

Its myriad voices tell
Of pole and line and fishing hook,

And trout within the dell.

That " swimmin' hole " I I hear the noise,

I join in all the mirth
Of shouting, splashing, paddling boys —

The happiest time on earth.

The "chuck" on grassy knoll or plain,

The squirrel in the tree,
The whirr of partridge — all again

So clearly call to me.

The apple trees my vision greet

And call me to a run.
As when we raced for .windfalls sweet

At rising of the sun.

Yon pines repeat, with silvery voice,

Their stories as of yore,
Of love and life; "Come, heart, rejoice,

I'll whisper them once more. "

I see the old familiar street.

The schoolhouse on the hill —
These scenes my eager vision greet,

The church, the bridge, the mill,

284 The Granite Monthly

The homestead of my early days —
The rush of much beside

Of memories of those years and ways
Comes o'er me Hke a tide.

These voices call and many more,

But over and above
Them all are ones that I adore,

The ones that most I love —

The voices of my kindred dear —
Their kiss is on my cheek.

Or hands are clasped, a glistening tear,
I hear them as they speak.

These voices coming day or night,
I'll tell the scenes once more,

Because within the vision's flight
I live them o'er and o'er.

Hope they give in our distresses
And happy tales to tell,

When we lavish our caresses
On those who with us dwell.

The hills are calHng! Glad refrain;

And call, loved ones true.
Till those old scenes I view again,

And come once more to you!
Rootstown, Ohio.

THE COUNTRY IN SEPTEMBER

By Jean C. Maynard

The sumach's leaves of flaming red
Bear witness that the Summer's dead;
Like fingers dipped in blood-red wine,
They move, and make mysterious sign
To nodding heads of goldenrod
That deck the grassy, sunburnt sod.
A breeze, perfumed with Autumn sweets
From sun-kissed hills, the traveler greets;
And drowsy crickets purr and dream,
While overhead the bluejays scream.
A mist obscures the hills of blue.
And silver bright a stream breaks through;
Embroidery of glistening sheen,
Winding about this peaceful scene,
And gracefully it makes its way
To where the dark green valleys lay.
A brown nut falls; a sciuirrel gray
Quick snatches it and darts away;
From grass to rail; from rail to tree;
Ah, swift and sure of foot is he;

The Seahrook Dunes 285

In nest made soft and snug and warm,
He hides his treasures safe from harm,
Lest Winter's breath and chiUing snow
Should fill his little heart with woe.
The lam])s bleat soft their plaintive lay;
A crow's hoarse "caw" sounds far away.
In contrast to this peaceful spot,
The cornstalks stand, a fierce, wild lot;
Like Indian warriors in a band
Now seeking vengeance through the land.
Beneath is green; o'erhead is blue,
Except where creeps the sunset hue.
In this fair place I fain would stay,
But Summer's gone, — ^I must away.
Amid the city's restless ways,
I'll dream of thee — and halcyon days.

THE SEABROOK DUNES

By Helen Leslie Follanshee

Along the beach the vagrant winds have reared,

In long, low ranks a fairy mountain range.

Out of the beaten sand and whitening wave, —

Purple and gray, mysterious and weird,

On which the tides and winds work daily change.

The long dunes rise — the garden plot and grave

Of bittersweet and alder, bayberry, pine.

Their green-fringed line

Stretches for miles against the Autumn sky.

Their sands are slates, on which the beach folk write,
And all who look, read stories as they pass.
Here, digging deep his spurs; a hawk took flight;
There is a perfect circle, windblown grass
Traced on that smooth slope on the seaward side;
And here are tracks where field mice trotted by;
There curved brown lines that mark the crest o' tide.

The sapphire-painted marsh, in bronze and* green
Is not more colorful than are the dunes.
A blaze of golden-rod along the path;
Gray globes amid the bayberry 's glossy sheen;
Long purple shadows on the gold-brown face
Of each wind-shifted pile late sunbeams trace.
With "dusty miller," Summer's aftermath,
A silver mine in hot October noons.

From year to year the fairy ramparts stand.
Each winter storm they move; yet ever there
The Spring still finds them, spread against the sea,
That snarling, frets their feet, — lays white and bare
The bones of what was once a twisted tree,
Long years ago engulfed by vanished sand.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HORACE WHITE

While neither the most briUiant nor eminent
in the distinguished array of New Hampshire
natives in the field of American journalism,
including Greeley, Dana, Bundy, Greene,
Hutchins, Miller and others of a later genera-
tion, it ia safe to say that Horace White, who
died, September 16, at his home in New York
City, was the ablest man, all things considered,
in the entire list.

Mr. White was born in Colebrook, N. H.,
August 10, 1834, the son of Dr. Horace White,
and was graduated from Beloit College and
Brown University. The year after his gradu-
ation, 1854, he joined the staff of the Chicago
Tribune and soon became city editor of the
paper. In 1856 he was appointed assistant
secretary of the National Kansas Committee,
but returned again to the Tribune. It was
while he was in reportorial work that he won
the esteem of Lincoln, whom he accompanied
throughout the latter's campaign against
Stephen A. Douglas. So noteworthy were
his contributions on this historic contest that
Herndon afterward incorporated them in his
"Life of Lincoln."

In 1865 Mr. White became editor-in-chief
of the Tribune and held the place for nine
years. His work in this capacity laid the
foundation on which the prestige of the Trib-
une was established. He left his place in
1874 on invitation from the New York Even-
ing Post. Within a few years he bought an
interest in the paper. Mr. White, Carl Schurz
and Enwid L. Godkin formed a brilliant group
in journalism. When Mr. Godkin retired as
editor-in-chief, in 1899, Mr. White succeeded
him and afterward became president of the
Evening Post Company. From the time of his
identification with newspaper work in New
York City he was recognized as an authority
on financial subjects.

He retired from daily newspaper work in
1903, but he held his place as an expert on
finance. In 1909 Governor Hughes appomted
him chairman of the Committee on Specula-
tion in Securities and Commodities. In and
out of his newspaper work Mr. White found
time to write in permanent form on finance,
his treatise on " Money and Banking" becom-
ing a standard work. His general knowl-
edge is attested in his translation of Appians's
"History of Alexandria," and in the "Life
of Lyman Trumbull, " the latter work, which
was finished in 1913, practically closing his
literary career.

Mr. White is survived by three daughters,
Mrs. J. W. Howells, daughter-in-law of
William Dean Howells, and the Misses Mar-
tha and Elizabeth White.

DR. FRANCIS J. WOODMAN

Francis J. Woodman, M.D., chief medical
examiner in the Pension Office at Washington,
died at his home in that city, on Friday even-
ing, July 28, after a long illness.

Doctor Woodman was a native of Somers-
worth, son of the late Joseph Woodman,
born August 7, 1851. He was educated at
the Somersworth high school, Phillips Exeter
Academy, and Yale College, graduating from
the latter in 1876. He was a fine musician
and was baritone soloist in the famous Yale
Glee, Club during his last two years in college.
He was also a member of the Delta Kappa
Epsilon Society. After graduation he took
charge of the Somersworth Free Press, and also
pursued the study of medicine, till 1879,
when, through competitive examination he
secured an appointment to the pension office,
where he was advanced, from time to time,
through the various grades to principal ex-
aminer and qualified surgeon, and chief
medical examiner, in which capacity he was
serving at the time of his death.

In Masonry he was deeply interested and
long prominent. He joined Adelphi Lodge,
No. 63, of Fairhaven, Conn., while in college,
December 14, 1875, and. May 8, 1895, be-
came a charter member of Takoma Lodge
of Washington of which he was the second
Master. He was grand master of Masons of
the District of Columbia in 1907, and while-
such he laid the cornerstone of the present
New Masonic Temple at 13th Street and New
York Avenue Northwest. He was made a^
Royal Arch Mason in Pulaski Chapter, No.
26, of Fairhaven, Conn., March 8, 1876,
later dimitting to become a charter member
of Capitol Chapter, No. 11, of the District of
Columbia, and was made its first high priest.
In 1909 he was made grand high priest of the
District of Columbia. He received the cryp-
tic degrees in the Grand Council of Maryland,
at Baltimore, November 14, 1896, and later
affiliated with Washington Council, Royal
and Select Masters of Washington. He was
made a Knight Templar in St. Paul Com-
mandery of Dover, March 19, 1878, and
October 19, 1895, became a charter member
of Orient Commandery, No. 5, of the District
of Columbia, and was its eminent commander
in 1901. In Scottish Rite Freemasonry, Dr.
Woodman received the fourteenth degree-
in Mithras Lodge of Perfection of Washing-
ton, December 16, 1884; the eighteenth degree
in Evangelist Chapter, Knights Rose Croix,
October 14, 1885; the thirtieth degree m-
Robert de Bruce Council, Knights Kadosh,
August 4, 1886, and the thirty-second degree
in Albert Pike Consistory, M. R. S., August
8, 1886. He was elected by the Supreme
Council to be a knight commander of the
court of honor October 19, 1902, coroneted
honorary inspector-general of the thirty-
third degree, April 13, 1894, and was deputy
for the Supreme Council in the District of
Columbia from November, 1895, until
December 28, 1909 .

In October 1889,' Dr. Woodman was com-
missioned a medical officer in the National
Guard of the District o^ Columbia, later serv-
ing as regimental surgeon and as major m

New Hampshire Necrology

287

the Medical Corps, until he was retired, at
his own request, after twenty years' service.
He was a member and lay reader of St.
James' Protestant Episcopal church, of the
District of Columbia, organization of the
Yale Alumni Association, of the Sons of the
American Revolution, and of the Order of
Washington.

HON. ARTHUR L. WILLIS

Hon. Arthur L. Willis, state commissioner
of motor vehicles, died at his home on Merri-
mack Street, Concord, on Friday evening,
September 1, from Bright's disease, after a
short illness.

Mr. Willis was a native of Warner, born
June 25, 1872, the son of Harlon S. Willis,
long employed in the United States Postal
Service, and grandson of the late Rev.
Lemuel Wilhs, a prominent Universalist
clergyman of his day, whom in personality
he greatly resembled. He was educated in
the Warner schools, and came to Concord in
early life, entering the employ of the Concord
Monitor and Statesman, in which he continued
fifteen years, most of the time as city editor.
In 1907 he was appointed deputy secretary
of state by Hon. Edward N. Pearson, then
secretary, continuing in that position until
the Legislature of 1915 created the depart-
ment of motor vehicles, of which he was made
the head as commissioner, having had charge
of the work in that line in the secretary's
office since the development of the automobile
business. He was a popular public official,
a worthy citizen, and enjoyed a wide friend-
ship. Politically he was a Republican and
in religion an earnest Universalist, having
been long an official of the First Universalist
Society of Concord. He was a Mason and a
member and secretary of the Wonalancet
Club.

On November 4, 1895, he married Sarah
Mabel Gould of Hillsborough, who survives
him, without children.

DR. LOUIS A. WOODBURY
Louis Augustus Woodbury, M.D., a promi-
nent ^physician of Groveland, Mass., died
at his home in that town July 13, 1916.

Dr. Woodbury was born in Salem, N. H.,
October 1, 1844, the son of Washington and
Dolly Head (Jones) Woodbury, and was a
descendant of John Woodbury, who came to
America in 1624. His early education was
obtained in the public schools of Concord,
and, at the age of 18, he enlisted in Company
p. Sixteenth N. H. Regiment, for service
in the War for the Union, serving until mus-
tered out. After the war he took up the
study of medicine, and was graduated from
Harvard Medical College in 1872. He
located in practice in Groveland soon after
graduation, and continued, with much suc-
cess, until some five years ago, when failing
health compelled him to relinquish his large
practice to others.

He had many interests outside his prac-
tice and was specially interested in literary
and historical matters, and genealogical re-
search. He had contributed valuable papers
to medical publications, and had published
several historical monographs, and had com-
piled a large amount of matter pertaining ta
tl;ie history of Groveland. He had been
secretary and treasurer of the Groveland
Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and was
for twenty years surgeon of Post No. 101,
G. A. R. He was a Knight Templar Mason, a
member of the Massachusetts Medical
Society, the New Hampshire Association of
Army Surgeons, the Haverhill (Mass.) Medi-
cal Club, Harvard Alumni Association, New
England Historic-Genealogical Society, the
Essex Institute and the Sons of the
American Revolution. In religion he was
an Episcopalian.

Dr. Woodbury married in 1869, Alice
Chester ^tanwood, who died in 1889. In
September, 1890, he married Helen Ney
Robinson of Portsmouth, who survives him.

REV. EDWARD P. TENNEY

Rev. Edward P. Tenney, a native of Con-
cord, son of the late Rev. Asa P. Tenney,
once pastor of the Congregational church
at West Concord, where he was born, Septem-
ber 29, 1835, died at his home in Lynn, Mass.,
August 24, 1916.

Mr. Tenney was long known not only as
a preacher, having held pastorates in Con-
gregational churches in Topsfield, Braintree
and Manchester, Mass., and Lebanon, Me.,
but also as a journalist, author and educator.
He had done editorial work on the San Fran-
cisco Pacific and the Congregational Review
of Boston, and had published many books.
He was for eight years president of Colorado
College. He was well known to readers of
the Granite Monthly as a frequent contrib-
utor, in years past.

GEORGE PRIEST YOUNG

George Priest Young, born in Franconia
July 27, 1868, died at the home of his sister,
in that town, August 23, 1916.

He was the son of Charles and Verona
(Wells) Young, and remained at home until
19 years of age, when he went to New York
and engaged in the ice business until 1895,
when he was made an officer on the police
force, where he served most efficiently and
was promoted to sergeant. He distinguished
himself for heroism in rescuing victims from
the General Slocum, destroyed by fire in New
York harbor on June 15, 1903, for which he
gained honorable mention and was awarded
a medal by the life-saving corps.

Mr. Young was married to Miss Jennie
Huntoon in New York in 1893. They had
two children, a son and daughter, the latter
dying three years ago. The wife and son,
Charles B., survive.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

This last week in September has been a
notable convention week in New Hampshire,
the Democratic and Republican State Con-
ventions being held in Concord on Tuesday
and Thursday, September 26 and 28, respec-
tively, with Charles E. Tilton of Tilton and
John H. Bartlett of Portsmouth presiding;
the annual fall meeting of the New Harnp-
shire Federation of Women's Clubs, occuring
at Alton Bay, September 26, 27 and 28, and
the Universalist State Convention at Nashua,
September 28 and 29.

Under the new constitution, adopted by
the State Board of Trade at its summer meet-
ing in Salem, when articles of incorporation
were also adopted, the annual meeting of the
board must be held in October. It has,
therefore, been determined to hold the annual
meeting on Tuesday, October 17, at the rooms
of the Concord Board of Trade, when a re-
organization will be effected, and plans
perfected, as it is hoped, for the employment
of a business manager, who shall devote his
entire time to the work of the board.

The comparatively small vote cast at the
primary elections, resulting, undoubtedly,
from the character of the candidacies brought
out, furnishes ample evidence of popular
dissatisfaction with the primary law as it
stands. It seems likely that the next Legis-
lature will be called upon to repeal or amend
the law. If the fee feature of the law could
be wiped out, and candidacies filed on peti-
tion only, thus making it impossible for any
mountebank, with a "roll," to file as a candi-
date for any office, the law might become
more generally satisfactory. As it is, it is
little less than ridiculous.

The primary having passed, and the state
conventions completed their work, such as it
is, the attention of the people will be directed
^ quite generally for the next few weeks to the
' work of the political campaign, which, though
less strenuous than in some of the larger
and more debatable states, will, nevertheless,
be more or less exciting for a considerable
portion of the people of the state. The
candidates for governor, in the two leading
parties, are Henry W. Kcyes of Haverhill,
Republican, and John C. Hutc^hins of Strat-
ford, Democrat. For representative in Con-
gress, Cyrus A. Sulloway is again the Repub-
lican nominee in the First District and Gor-
don Woodbury of Bedford the Democratic;
while in the Second District, Edward H.
Wason of Nashua was renominated by the
Republicans and Raymond B. Stevens of
Landaff by the Democrats. The councilor
nominees are Miles W. Gray of Columbia,
Republican, and Alonzo D. Barrett of Gor-

ham, Democrat, in the First District ; Charles
W. Varney of Rochester, Republican, and
John W. Parsons, Democrat, of Portsmouth,
in the Second; Frank W. Leeman of Man-
chester, Republican, and Moise Verette,
Democrat, of Manchester, in the Third;
William D. Swart of Nashua, Republican,
and John W. Prentiss of Alstead, Democrat,
in the Fourth; Edward H. Carroll of Warner,
Republican, and David E. Murphy, of Con-
cord, Democrat, in the Fifth. The Sena-
torial candidates are: Henry Marble, Gor-
ham, Republican, and Daniel J. Daley, Ber-
lin, Democrat, in the First District; John
G. M. Glessner, Bethlehem, Republican, and
Wilbur A. Marshall, Colebrook, Democrat,
Second; Albert Stanley, Plymouth, Repub-
lican, and Myron H. Richardson, Littleton,
Democrat, Third; Nathan O. Weeks, Wake-
field, Republican, and John C. L. Wood,
Conway, Democrat, Fourth; Joseph B.
Perley, Enfield, Republican, and Horace G,
Robie, Canaan, Democrat, Fifth; Fred S.
Roberts, Laconia, Republican, and George

B. Cox, Laconia, Democrat, Sixth; Obe G.
Morrison, Northfield, Republican, and
Charles P. Coakley, Concord, Democrat,
Seventh; Jesse M. Barton, Newport,
Republican, and Henry E. Charron, Clare-
mont. Democrat, Eighth; Stillman H. Baker,
Hillsborough, Republican, and Buron W.
Sanborn, Salisbury, Democrat, Tenth; Charles
W. Fletcher, Rindge, Republican, and Ber-
nard F. Bemis, Harrisville, Democrat,
Eleventh; Willis C. Hardy, Hollis, Republi-
can, and George E. Bates, Wilton, Democrat,
Twelfth; Marcel Theriault, Nashua, Repub-
lican, and David D. Coffey, Nashua, Demo-
crat, Thirteenth; Herbert B. Fischer, Pitts-
field, Republican, and Fred M. Pettengill,
Pembroke, Democrat, Fourteenth; Joab N.
Patterson, Concord, Republican, and Nathan-
iel E. Martin, Concord, Democrat, Fifteenth;

.William H. Maxwell, RepubUcan, and Morris

C. Austin, Democrat; Fred O. Parnell, Re-
publican, and WiUiam P. Fahey, Democrat;
Denis E. O'Leary, Republican, and Michael
F. Shea, Democrat; Odilon Demers, Republi-
can, and Cyprian J. Berlanger, Democrat,
all of Manchester, in Districts No. 16, 17, 18
and 19 respectively; Malcolm A. M. Hart,
Milton, Republican, and John H. Bates,
Rochester, Democrat, Twentieth; George I.
Leighton, Dover, Republican, and Scott W.
Caswell, Dover, Democrat, Twenty-first;
Daniel M. Boyd, Londonderry, RepubUcan,
and Frank N. Young, Derry, Democrat,
Twenty-second; Clarence M. Collins, Dan-
ville, Republican, and William D. Ingalls,
East Kingston, Democrat, Twenty-third;
William J. Cater, Portsmouth, Republican,
and Calvin Page, Portsmouth, Democrat,
Twenty-fourth.

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIir, No. 10

OCTOBER, 1916

New Series, Vol. XI, No. 10

HON. EDWARD H. CARROLL

A Merrimack County Leader in Business and Political Life

The town of Warner, originally
granted to citizens of Salisbury and
Amesbury, Mass., as township "Num-
ber One," and subsequently known
for a time as "New Amesbury" — its
first settlers coming largely from the
latter named town — lying largely
around the base of "Kearsarge, " and
meeting Wilmot on the crest of that
grand old mountain, has been es-
sentially "on the map" for more than
a century past, so far as active par-
ticipation in the business and political
life of the State is concerned.

There has been no time, from the
days of Gen. Aquilla Davis — a soldier
of the Revolution in youth, and com-
mander of the First New Hampshire
Regiment in the War of 1812 — to the
present hour, when Warner men have
not been found in the front rank in all
lines of activity. Two Governors of
the State have been born in the town;
a United States Senator and Secretary
of the Navy has long made it his
summer home and actual New Hamp-
shire abode; as have many men of
distinction in business, professional,
literary and political life; while its
representative agriculturists have held
rank with the most successful in the
State in their different lines of effort.

Prominent among the family names
that have been familiar to the people,
in connection with business and
public affairs in the town of Warner,
for two or three generations past, is
that of Carroll, its first representative
there being Alonzo C. Carroll, a
native of Croydon, who came to
Warner from Sutton in 1869, and

engaged in business as a general
merchant. He was the eldest son
of John P. and Rachel (Powers)
Carroll, born November 24, 1826 — a
younger brother being Col. Lysander
H. Carroll of Concord. His mother
was of a noted Croydon family — a
descendant of that Ezekiel Powers,
one of the first settlers of the town,
rugged in mind and body, who,
through his own persistent labor and
his large family (said to have num-
bered twenty-one children in all), did
much to establish the prosperity of
that famous little Sullivan County
town.

Alonzo C. Carroll had been in the
stove trade for some years before
locating in Warner and had acquired
systematic business methods, which
stood him well in hand in his opera-
tions as a general merchant, which he
continued with much success for a
quarter of a century, till his death,
April 1, 1894, meanwhile taking a
prominent part in all the affairs of
the town, as an active member of the
Republican party, in the days when
party activity, in the town of Warner
at least, called for the best energies of
those engaged therein. In religious
affiliation he was a Congregationalist
and was a member of the Masonic
fraternity. He married Mercy A.,
daughter of Abner and Rebecca
(Williams) Hale, of Grafton, and left
two children, Clarence F. and Ed-
ward Hermon Carroll. The eldest
son, Clarence F. became a noted
educator, graduating from Yale Col-
lege in 1875, and serving as principal

290

^he Granite Monthly

of various high schools, of the Con-
necticut State Normal School for ten
years, and as Superintendent of
Schools in Rochester, N. Y., and
Worcester, Mass. He will be remem-
bered as the Old Home Sunday
speaker in Concord, four years ago,
dying a year later at his residence in
Boscawen.

Edward Hermon Carroll, second
son of Alonzo C. and Mercy A.
(Hale) Carroll, was born in Sutton,
October 30, 1854, removing to Warner
with his father when the latter es-

of Warner from 1877 till 1884, when
he resigned the office. He was a
member of the town school board
from 1886 to 1889; treasurer of the
county of Merrimack from 1890 to
1892, and represented the town in the
legislature of 1893, serving as chair-
man of the important Committee on
Incorporations, and was the author
of the famous Carroll highway bill,
relieving towns and cities from much
vexatious litigation on account of
accidents upon public highways and
sidewalks. In 1898 he was appointed

Residence of E. H. Carroll, Main Street, Warner, N. H.

tablished himself in business there.
He received his education at the
Simonds Free High School in that
town, and at the age of eighteen en-
gaged in the mercantile business with
his father, continuing thus until his
father's death in 1894, after which he
went to Manchester and was engaged
for two years in the real estate and
insurance business Avith the firm of
A. J. Lane & Co. Returning to
Warner he has ever since resided
there and been, as he previously had
been, an active factor in business and
public affairs. He was postmaster

National Bank Examiner, holding the
office until his resignation in 1905.
While examiner, Mr. Carroll was
named as receiver of the Colebrook
National Bank, serving from January
to July, 1899, collecting for the bank
during that time approximately
$100,000 and turning the institution
over to the directors in sound finan-
cial condition. Immediately follow-
ing this he was made receiver of the
Cocheco National Bank in Dover, and
notwithstanding the unpromising con-
dition of its affairs, and the prediction
of the department that an assessment

Hon. Edward H. Carroll

2ai

would have to be called, he effected
a liquidation in about eighteen
months, which was said to have been
the most rapid liquidation of the kind
ever made in New England, the work
being done throughout to the entire
satisfaction of the stockholders and
the depositors. He has been a trus-
tee of the Union Guaranty Savings
Bank, of Concord, since 1887.

For the last twenty years, or more,
Mr. Carroll has been extensively en-
gaged in lumbering and real estate
operations, though for a portion of the

industry upon which all material
prosperity depends, Mr. Carroll has,
in recent years, been giving incidental
attention to a demonstration of the
proposition that, in rugged New
Hampshire, farming can be made to
pay, even in a financial sense, while
at .the same time gaining no little
personal satisfaction from the work
of cooperating with nature in the
work of bountiful production. Pur-
chasing ah old, worn-out farm, nearby,
a few years since, he set out to restore
the same to a condition of profitable

Scene in the Famous Carroll Hay-Field — Mr. Carroll and Commissioner Felker Viewing

Operations

time he devoted much attention to
stock farming, raising some of the
finest and best blooded cattle in this
section of the State. Of late, how-
ever, lumbering has commanded his
chief attention, his son, Edward
Leon, being associated with him and
assuming a large share of the care
which the extensive business entails.
They have some 12,000 or 15,000
acres of timber land in New Hamp-
shire, operate three mills, and rank
among the largest and most enter-
prising lumber producers in the State.
Always interested in agriculture,
and recognizing it as the great basic

fertility, and, with the cooperation
of his son, has succeeded to such
extent that, from a field of some
forty acres, which had first been
entirely cleared of rocks, and properly
fertilized and cultivated, he harvested
this year a crop of timothy and red
top, averaging about three tons of
well cured hay to the acre. This
field excited the wonder and admira-
tion, not only of the townspeople,
but of all travelers passing by, and
attracted the special attention of the
Commissioner of Agriculture, An-
drew L. Felker, who pronounced it
one of the most inspiring sights,

292

The Granite Monthly

from the farmer's standpoint, that
he had ever vntnessed, demonstrating
as it did the possibihties of New
Hampshire agricultm-e, under intelH-
gent management and improved meth-
ods. This field of grass, it may be
noted attracted so much attention
that it was made the subject of an
extended illustrated article in the
Boston Transcript.

Among other lines of business
activity in which the firm of E. H.
Carroll & Son is incidentally engaged,
may be noted the apple trade, the
purchase and sale of 400 or 500 car-

Commandery and Bektash Temple of
Concord.

Mr. Carroll was united in mar-
riage, August 13, 1877, with Susie C,
daughter of John and Lucinda (Rob-
ertson) Putney, a native of Lowell,
Mass., and a granddaughter of that
Benjamin Evans who was a prominent
figure in business and pubhc life in
Warner in the early part of the last
century, and was the last man from
that town to hold a seat in the execu-
tive council of the State, which he did
in 1836-37. Mrs. Carroll is a lady
of fine musical tastes and accomplish-

Another View of Hay-Field — Kearsarge Mountain in Background

loads annually, on the average, being
included in their operations.

Native of Sutton, Mr. Carroll takes
no little pride in the fact that he was
born in a town whose historic record
has been illumined by the names and
lives of the Wadleighs, Harveys, Pills-
burys, Pearsons, Eatons, Littles and
others of like renown. Resident of
Warner, his ambition has been justly
to hold rank with the loyal and public
spirited men who have served and
honored that good old town. At-
tached to the Masonic order, he holds
membership in Harris Lodge of War-
ner, Woods Chapter of Henniker,
Horace Chase Council, Mt. Horeb

ments and rare charm of manner,
and has entered heartily and help-
fully into the social activities of the
community.

Two children have been born to
Mr. and Mrs. Carroll — Edward Leon,
his father's partner, born December
11, 1880., and Alonzo, who died in
infancy. Edward L. married, June
5, 1900, Edith, daughter of James E.
and Harriet (Parker) Emerson. They
have two children, Edward H. Car-
roll, 2d, born August 8, 1907, and
James Emerson, April 30, 1913.

Mr. and Mrs. Carroll, with their
son and family, occupy the same home
— a spacious and finely appointed

A Summer Quest

293

modern residence, delightfully lo-
cated on the main street of Warner
village, and they constitute, together,
a veritable "happy family," the
grandchildren being the special de-
light of Edward H.

At the recent primary election, Mr.
Carroll was unanimously chosen by
the Republican voters of the new
Fifth Councilor district, as their can-

didate for Councilor, no other candi-
date having filed for the position.
The district is normally strongly
Republican, and his election naturally
regarded as probable. In case he is
chosen he will bring to the duties of
the office a comprehensive knowl-
edge of public affairs, and the needs
of the State, and a disposition to serve
the people faithfully and well.

A SUMMER QUEST

By Alida M. C. True

Have you ever in your wanderings
Thro' pasture — on summer quest —

Found the fragrant pink wild roses?
Just wait 'till I ask the rest!

On the grassy slope of the hillside,

Just as the morn broke fair.
Have you sought the glad surprises

That might be treasured there?

The fringe of fern by the pine woods.

The birds just waking to day,
The hum of insect, the sweet-fe"rn's breath —

Have these delighted your way?

The gladdest surprise lay before us! '
That dewy and pink petalled mass!

With fragrance — the hillside laden —
Scenting sweet the tangled grass.

We read charming stories of gardens.

Those gardens of long ago.
Where the dear quaint-hearted spinsters

Lived lives which delight us so!

When romance grew 'mong roses,

Then lingered thro' faded page.
In lives, now dim with years we glean

The charm of that golden age.

We love those dear old stories —
And their perfume we gladly greet,

Even as I welcomed those roses
With their old-time message sweet.

These gladsome memories, these olden friends!

•Let us cherish them today
Like the charm of flowers and songs we love —

They glorify our way.

294 The Granite Monthly

THE NIGHT WIND

The night wind has a charm for me

A fascination eerie
Wild scudding clouds, abandoned, free,

Pale moonlight, cold and dreary.
My restless spirit thus is soothed

By Nature's force compelling,
By tyrant elements I'm moved

To bend submissive, willing;
To beat my battered wings no more

'Gainst Fate's decree, contending;
God speaks to me, my soul is sore,

But, chastened, I am bending.

E. P.

WAR

By Bela Chapin

The ground is rough on which we tread,
Thistles and thorns it yields enow;

And man must labor for his bread,
E'en in the sweating of his brow —

So has it been from age to age,

And toil and strife his heritage.

Now war is waged on every side
In fair Europa's favored clime;

The gates of Janus, opened wide,
Are swinging as in hostile time

When heathenism held its sway.

And clouds of crime obscured the day.

We long for tranquil times again.

As when our blessed Christ had birth;

We pray that righteousness may reign
In every region upon earth;

That bloody war and hate no more

May vex the world from shore to shore.

When Christ returns then wrong must cease

Forever on this earthly ball;
'T will be the blessed age of peace

When love divine pervadeth all —
When He descends all will be well —
When He is come on earth to dwell.

ADDRESS

By Fred Myron Colby

[Read at the dedication of the boulder and tablet to mark the site of the birthplace of the first white child born
in Warner, under the auspices of the Mercy Hathaway White Chapter, D. A. R., October 11, 1916.]

Those persons over whom the back to the old days, not necessarily

spirit of the past has power — and to the Flood.

has it not power over almost every We pause this morning, a bright
mind — are aware of the mysterious October morning full of ozone and
charms that invest certain familiar the scent of fruited orchards, at this
spots, in city or in country. Who- retired spot among the hills, cele-
ever has stood before an old-time brated in our town history as the
mansion or wandered through its birthplace of the first white child
silent and deserted rooms, where those within our township. A few foun-
once famous in state or nation had dation stones, a little depression
lingered out their mortal life, know where the old-time cellar was, a filled
something what this feeling is. In up well, the roots of a long-decayed
a modified sense the feeling affects apple tree, perhaps set out by the orig-
one in the presence of any relic of the inal settler, and which, if standing
past — a monumental shaft to a for- today, would carry with it the breath
gotten worthy, a ruined wall, a de- of old colonial days — these are all the
serted highway or a half-obliterated traces, indistinct at best, but still cer-
cellar. Your imagination is wrought tain and infallible, left to mark the
upon and you find yourself picturing early habitation where the first child
the life of that other time, the inci- of Warner was born. It is an inter-
dents that happened there, and the esting site, though seldom visited; a
character that was moulded by these place that summons up scenes and in-
surroundings. If; you are at all fa- cidents of the ancient days and evokes
miliar with the associations of the place solemn thoughts of the mutations of
still more profoundly are you affected, time.

In this old town of Warner, every It is well that this sacred spot
house, every highway, every ruined should be marked with a monument,
cellar, almost every stone wall and however simple, for it is the scene of
old lichened fence has its history, an interesting event. It is the site of
more or less familiar. Each object the second home and of the first birth
has a story to tell, and we pause with in our township, and precious mem-
bowed head and listen to that inspir- ories cluster here, as they can cluster
ing and always interesting voice of nowhere else among our high hiUs
the past. and green valleys.

Anything with a hundred years of aj^ ^^ ^ ^^^ whereon to muse, to

history is old m this country, and nrav

when we recollect that less than one ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ,,,^1 help us on our

hundred and seventy-five years ago heavenward way."
the wild Indian was roaming about

these hills, and fishing along these No buildings have stood on this

water courses, it is apparent that we spot for more than a hundred and forty

cannot lay claim justly to any great years, but on this very ground in the

antiquity. But there is old age and long ago summer of 1762, Reuben

great age. Kenilworth is not so old Kimball pitched his pioneer's cabin

as Stonehenge, but both are old. So and established his home, and three

when we find ruins we know there of his children were born here. It

must be a past, and that this past goes is a beautiful spot in June. At mid-

296 The Granite Monthly

summer everything is at its best in ground the fall before. On that 30th

the country. The earth is not only day of June this rye was "five feet

in its holiday attire, but in its newest, tall, with long heads and beginning

richest dress of all the year. The to turn."

time of immature brown buds and It is not so hard to picture this early

flannel-swathed ferns is over and in all home of the pioneers. It looked

her beauty of perfection Nature reigns down upon the first highway, then a

supreme, surprising us in our dull, pro- bridle path, that ever passed through

saic lives by her splendid luxuriance, the town. In plain sight was the

A few of the spring dandelions are left Amesbury River, flowing through the

to look saucily at passersby, but most green intervales to meet the Merri-

of them have changed form and hue mack. Filling the whole northern

and become the children's time-keep- part of the horizon was the bulk of

ers, though not always reliable ones. Mount Kearsarge, and all around were

Buttercups and daisies belong to the the forests, denser then than they

flora of June and are in their glory. are today, with but one or two clear-

"And the woodbine spices are wafted ^^^^^.^^ ^Z^^; .^^'^ ^^^ P^^^^^^^' ¥,^

abroad ^^ ^^^® lonely or homesick.

And the musk of the roses' bloom." J^ach day brought its labor-of the

harvestmg oi the crops, the clearmg

The pasture is a portion of the old of new acres, the doing of the usual
Lot No. 26, as it was first surveyed by chores and occasional trips to the grist
the proprietors. It was a "gift lot" mill on Turkey Brook, where the St.
and comprised forty acres. Its length Paul's School now stands. For years
was one hundred and sixty rods and this was the nearest mill where the
its width, forty rods. The whole settlers of Warner could get their
south part of the lot is now a part of grists of corn and rye ground into
the old Smith Rand farm, which has the meal that was to make their rye
lapsed to the Dow family. Kimball and Indian bread,
selected this lot because of its adja- We will glance briefly now at the
cency to the land of his father-in-law, young pioneers and at what they ac-
Daniel Annis, who lived at the old complished. Reuben Kimball was a
Paine Davis place, and his cabin was descendant of Henry Kimball, who
built on the hill in full view of the was born in Ipswich, England, and
Annis cabin, a third of a mile below in came over in the ship Elizabeth in
the valley. He and his wife took pos- 1634, and settled in Watertown,
sessionof their abode in June — June 30, Mass. Reuben was the son of Jere-
1762. It was a rude log cabin, eighteen miah Kimball who emigrated from
feet square and seven feet stud, with Bradford, Mass., and settled in the
a roof thatched of bark, boughs and town of Hopkinton, on Putney's
grass, with probably no windows. Hill. Jeremiah died in May, 1764,
Their barn was* still humbler, and at the age of fifty-six years, and was
their well was only seven feet deep buried at the old fort at Hopkinton.
but the water was cold and pure. At the age of twenty-three, Reuben
The young pioneer and his wife Kimball married Hannah, the oldest
had come into the township the first of three daughters of Daniel Annis,
of the preceding May and had made and the same year, 1761, he and his
their home with Mr. Annis while father-in-law came to Warner, se-
getting their own in readiness. In lected their lots and partially cleared
these two months the house and the land. The following spring they
the barn had been built, the well dug returned to this township and made
and stoned, the sweep put up, and a permanent settlement. Mrs. Kim-
six acres planted to corn and potatoes, ball was the first white woman that
The winter rye had been put into the ever slept in town.

Address

297

Their first child, Daniel, was born
in this rude log hut, October 11, 1762.
A year and a half later another child,
Jeremiah, was born, and still later,
the third child. In 1767 Reuben
Kimball sold his farm to his brother-
in-law, Abner Watkins, who had set-
tled at the south of him on the Smith
Rand place. The whole lot went with
that farm until Isaac Dimond pur-
chased it of Samuel Pearson, when the
north part was sold to go with the
Whittier place, where Frank Sargent
now lives. Kimball received for his
lot with the improvements upon it
the sum of forty pounds lawful money,
about -1170, but whose purchasing
power was three times in 1767 what
it is today. The log cabin was pulled
down, the well was filled with stone,
and gradually the traces of habita-
tion disappeared from the spot. For
nearly a century and a half it has re-
mained neglected and solitary, cher-
ishing its sacred memories with the
pathetic silence of increasing years.

Reuben Kimball selected for his
second home a lot of land at the
opposite end of what is called the
Joppa neighborhood. It embraced
sixty acres, land now constituting the
Foster pasture and a portion of the
farm formerly owned by the Clark
brothers. He bought the lot of Seth
Goodwin whose two brothers were
settled not far away, Richard on
Kelley Hill and Ezekiel on Waldron's
Hill, at the present Henry Johnson
place. Mr. Goodwin crossed over
the river and made his second home
at what is now known as the Moulton
place, on the Schoodac road. He had
already built a cabin on the old lot on
the hillside near the corner where the
road from the Parade branches and
one leads to Joppa and the other leads
on to the Kimball corner. This
Goodwin cabin was occupied by Reu-
ben Kimball and his family for a num-
ber of years. Later he erected a
costlier and more commodious dwel-
ling higher up on the hill on the south
side of the road. This second struc-
ture was one of the earliest frame

houses built in town, and the barn
which he built the following year was
the first frame barn. These buildings
were put up about the year 1775 or
1776, and they stood intact for nearly
if not quite eighty years. Some of
the older people still remember the
old two-story red house with the big
barn at the rear, the well with its
sweep at the left, and beyond, the
cider mill, with the huge black cherry
tree shading its roof and the group of
damson and horse plum trees that in
some seasons yielded fifteen or twenty
bushels of fruit. Across the road,
opposite the house, in what is now
the Foster pasture, stood another
building which was used as a granary
and a hog-house, and over the roof of
this tossed the branches of a second
big cherry tree, twin brother, it may
be, to the one that stood sentinel by
the old cider mill. Here for well nigh
on to a century was enacted the life
of a busy and thrifty household.

In this red house by the corner the
remaining of the eight children of
Reuben and Hannah (Annis) Kimball
were born and reared. It was rather
an interesting family. The story of
the firstborn, Daniel — the little baby
that was born on the deserted site in
the Whittier pasture — has been told
by the historian of the town far more
eloquently than I can relate it. Suf-
fice is to say that he left his native
town in early life. At the age of
twenty-one, with all his earthly pos-
sessions in a bundle that he carried on
a stick over his shoulder, the young
pioneer started off to seek his fortune.
He settled on Sawyer's Hill in Ca-
naan, and died there in 1843, at the
age of almost eighty years. A simple
slab over his grave tells the brief story
of his life. He was the father of ten
children and I understand that one or
two of his descendants still live in
that northern town with the Biblical
name.

Jeremiah, the second son, remained
in town through life and followed his
father in the ownership of the farm
at the corner. Of the other children

298

The Granite Monthly

we have learned but little. Richard
Kimball went to Franklin and died
there when well along in years.
Abraham, named after his uncle who
makes quite a figure in the early an-
nals of Hopkinton, settled in the
neighborhood. Lydia married Moses
Chase of Hopkinton, the great-grand-
father of Fred and Harry Chase of
that town. Catherine married Silas
Hardy of Hopkinton, the grandfather
of Charles H. Hardy of our village,
Reuben Kimball, Jr., the third child
and the last one born in the first log
cabin, married Betty Jewell, accord-
ing to the town records, Oct. 12, 1786.

It is Jeremiah Kimball that we will
follow for a moment. At the age of
twenty-four, Jeremiah Kimball mar-
ried Mary Foote, the daughter of a
near neighbor, who lived at what we
know as the Chellis F. Kimball place,
at the opposite corner, and took her
home to the parental roof, which thus
gave accommodations to two house-
holds. They had children as follows:
Chellis F., born July, 1794; Hannah,
August, 1796; Reuben, November,
1797; Nancy F., March, 1799; and
Reuben 2d, born April, 1803 (the
first Reuben was scalded to death
when he was two years old). The
four children grew up at the red house
and are remembered by some of the
present generation. Hannah married
Samuel Judkins of Franklin, and de-
scendants of these are living in that
prosperous young city. Nancy F.
married Abbott Hardy of Webster and
after his death, Zephaniah Batchelder
of Loudon. Reuben 2d married
Judith Colby, daughter of John
Colby, a neighbor, and for a time re-
sided with his parents, making four
generations of Kimballs that have
lived at this place.

Long before this time, the elder
Reuben, the pioneer, had passed away.
He died May 2, 1811, at the age of
seventy-three years. His body and
that of his wife, Hannah, now rest in
the old Parade, near the southeast
corner of the cemetery, under the
apple trees that every year scatter

blossoms over their graves. Two
marble slabs indicate, or did, the
place of sepulture.

Reuben Kimball, Sr., was a tall,
heavy man and like his brother Abra-
ham (who gives his name to one of
C. C. Lord's classics) was exceedingly
strong and athletic. It is said of him
that he could easily lift a barrel of
cider and drink from the bung hole.
He had blue eyes and brown hair be-
fore it turned white. He never wore
a beard, nor did many of the early
pioneers, for shaven faces were the
fashion until long after the second
war with England. All of our Revo-
lutionary heroes are represented with
smooth faces.

His sons, Daniel and Jeremiah,
were both men of middle size, about
five feet, ten inches in height and
weighing one hundred and seventy
pounds, but though less strong, they
were, perhaps, as vigorous as he.

Jeremiah Kimball, after an active,
prosperous life, died, too, March,
1841, and was carried out of the old
red house to be laid in the Parade in
the valley below. His wife, Molly,
sleeps beside him in the quiet burying
yard. They had done their life's
work and in death were not widely
divided.

At the time of his father's death,
Reuben Kimball, 2d, was living with
his family at the old homestead. He
was a man of able parts, good educa-
tion and genial manners, and was
turning his thoughts to the ministry.
Although over forty years of age he
studied a few years at the Gilmanton
Theological Institution and devoted
the remainder of his life to preaching
the gospel. He was settled succes-
sively over the Congregational church
at Wilmot and at North Conway.
He died at the latter place in 1872,

The old Kimball homestead was
purchased by Damon Annis, the
grandfather of Henry Annis, who lived
there six or seven years, and then
sold to Jacob Chase, the father of
John H. Chase. Mr, Chase spent
several years there and so did his

Under the Hedges

299

father-in-law, Jason Watkins. These
were the last occupants of the old
red house. In 1854 Chase sold the
property to Chellis F. Kimball, who
had bought the Foote place, at what
we now know as the Kimball corner
and went over to live on the Moses
Sawyer place, by Bear Pond. The
land became an integral part of the
farm owned only a few years ago by
Marshall and Stillman • Clark. The
buildings were taken down and re-
moved, the old house itself was sold
to a Mr. Nichols who moved it to
Contoocook. So the old homestead
was given up as a place of residence,
and for sixty years silence has brooded
over the spot. The old well is still
there, covered with a flat rock; the
old foundations of the house and barn

remain and a portion of the ancient
orchard is still in bearing condition,
but the old home is no more.

We have now briefly told the story
of the first child of Warner, his par-
entage and his environment. More
might be said of other branches of
the Kimball family, especially of
Chellis F., who gave his name to
Kimball Corner. At one time there
was quite a neighborhood of Kim-
balls in that section which bears the
designation of the Kimball district,
but they have passed away and the
old place knows them no more. The
only one of the Kimball name now
living in town is your worthy mem-
ber, Miss Marion Kimball, who is a
granddaughter of Rev. Reuben Kim-
ball.

UNDER THE HEDGES

Bij L. J. H. Frost

Under the hedges the wild rose is blooming,
Wasting its fragrance while no one is near;

Up in the blue sky the gay lark is singing

His sweet song of triumph, in notes loud and clear,

While hope to my heart whispers softly and sweetly, —
"He ne'er will forget, have thou never a fear."

Out in the forest the fair golden lilies

Make tremulous shadows upon the clear stream,

While down at their feet the cool, verdant mosses
Entice one to slumber and peacefully dream.

So down in my heart lie sweet thoughts of life's future,
Illumined by hope's most flattering gleam.

Under the hedges the rose leaves are faded,

Hushed 'neath the sky is the lark's gleeful song;

Down in the forest the dead leaves lie shrouded

'Neath the pure robe of white the earth has put on.

So, down in my heart hope's sweet buds have withered;
t will tenderly bury them one by one.

Soon to the earth will come again springtime,
Fair roses and lilies will burst into bloom ;

Violets, green mosses, and starry-eyed daisies.

At the call of the south wind will come from their tomb.

So, unto my heart there will come a glad springtime,
When the clear light of heaven shall illumine its gloom.

LINCOLN AND THE CONVENTION OF 1860

By Gerry W. Hazelion*

[Address delivered before the Wisconsin Bar Association, July 15, 1915]

It is needless to suggest in this the great leader and master of affairs,
presence that nothing new or fresh that we gain an adequate conception
or original remains to be said of of the secret of his fame. No one
Abraham Lincoln. He has been dis- can survey the career of this wonder-
cussed and considered and eulogized ful man without being impressed with
from every conceivable point of view, the vicissitudes which his career
and by every order of intellect from discloses. Up to the time he reached
the high school graduate to the most his majority, his life was a strenuous
eminent of our statesmen, our diplo- struggle for bread. He had no op-
mats, our scholars, our poets, our portunity to know anything of the
divines, and yet the people never world outside the Indiana clearing,
tire of hearing about him. Every- He was denied the privilege and ad-
thing his hand has touched is sacred, vantage of association with men of

An old school book, on the fly-leaf education and culture. His school

of which he once wrote his name, a privileges were negligible. The books

sheet of paper on which he once he read were few and far between,

figured up an account, autographs He never saw a printing press until

gathered by rehc hunters from old after he was old enough to vote, and

legal files, letters bearing his signature, yet this is the man who later on in

are prized by their possessors above life won a place in the ranks of the

all price. They will be handed down immortals.

from generation to generation as At the age of twenty-one there was
mementos of Mr. Lincoln. Lapse of nothing to distinguish him from the
time seems rather to emphasize than farm laborer except, perhaps, his
dim the luster of his fame. He was unvarying good nature. His step-
never dearer in the hearts of the mother, a noble woman, said of him,
people than he is today. I fancy we "He was the best boy I ever saw or
understand and appreciate the far- ever expect to see. He never gave me
reaching value of his services better an unkind word or look. "
than they were understood forty or At the age of fifty-one he found
fifty years ago. Great men lend himself at the head of one of the
dignity and character and splendor grandest governments on earth, and
to the age in which they live. They as he looked out into the future he was
elevate the standards of human confronted with difficulties and dan-
achievement. They excite nobler am- gers and perplexities that might well
bitions. They become object lessons, have appalled the stoutest heart;
They impart to the world an uplifting and yet it was in this position that
influence as eternal as the stars. by his wisdom, his sagacity, his

Mr. Lincoln was a composite of the patience and his devotion, he was

most pronounced type. And it is able to guide the ship of state through

only by blending Lincoln the man of storm and stress into the welcome

sympathy and sentiment with Lincoln harbor of peace and victory. This

was his great work. And it was

* Hon. Gerry W. Hazelton, a distinguished accomplished when he was called

and was a leading speaker at the "Old Home ^Stanton, standing over his remains, as

Day" celebration this year. his tired spirit took its flight, ex-

Lincoln and the Convention of 1860

301

claimed, ''Now he belongs to the
ages." It was the remark of a pro-
found admu'er, but it was true.

I have said that Mr. Lincoln never
saw a printing press until after he
was old enough to vote. This was
when the family was migrating from
Gentryville to the Sangamon Valley
in the spring of 1830. Lincoln had
passed his twenty-first birthday just
a few weeks before. It gives us a
vivid impression of the straightened
circumstances of the family to recall
that all the property they had worth
carrying away was stored in an
ordinary farm wagon. All their farm-
ing implements, all their kitchen
utensils, all their beds and bedding,
everything they possessed, was stored
away in that farm wagon. When the
family reached the little village of
Vincennes, while the mid-day rest
was being taken under the native
trees, and the oxen were turned out to
graze, the young man sought out the
printing office where the village news-
paper was issued every Saturday
morning, and there, in his patched
and faded homespun, holding his
ragged hat in his hand, he feasted
his eyes on that primitive printing
press standing there before him, little
dreaming that later on in the century
a momentous chapter was to be writ-
ten on the pages of world's history
which should lift a race out of bondage,
and light his name in fadeless glory
down the ages.

You will pardon me if I direct your
attention for a few moments to the
Convention which nominated Mr.
Lincoln for President, and I may be
pardoned for reminding you that
this is the only opportunity you
will ever have of hearing about that
Convention from the lips of a living
witness. It was a remarkable Con-
vention in many ways. It was re-
markable bec'ause of the vast number
of citizens it called to the city of Chi-
cago. The local newspapers claimed
that a hundred thousand strangers
were in the city of Chicago during the
week of the Convention. Thousands

of them felt obliged to leave the city
on the evening trains to nearby towns
and cities where they could be enter-
tained. But the people of Chicago
were exceedingly hospitable. They
threwopen their doors and ample ac-
commodations were provided for every
one. It was a remarkable gathering
for another reason. It brought to-
gether citizens from all parts of Illinois
who came up to Chicago to promote
the interests of Abraham Lincoln,
They did not come as politicians.
They did not come as partisans.

Hon. Gerry W. Hazelton

They came out of pure friendship for
Mr. Lincoln. They knew him; they
knew him personally. They had met
him at the various courts in the state.
They had heard him on the platform,
and they entertained for him a feeling
of sincere and earnest friendship ir-
respective of partisan affiliation which
prompted them to visit Chicago to
exert their influence in his behalf,
and I haven't the slightest doubt that
their presence was a powerful factor
in securing that result. Now, to il-
lustrate what I mean. In June, 1870,
I visted a wealthy and influential

302

The Granite Monthly

farmer in Edgar County in the central
part of Illnois. He married a relative
of mine, and I went down there to
make them a visit. He told me about
meeting Mr. Lincoln on many oc-
casions and he said that whenever the
courts sat in Paris, in that county,
and Mr. Lincoln was there trying
cases, or to try cases, that the jury-
men and witnesses and citizens came
into the hotel in the evening to hear
Mr. Lincoln talk. Sometimes, he
would talk about his early experi-
ences in Indiana and the hardships
to which the family were subjected.
Sometimes he would talk about the
distinguished lawyers whom he had
met. Sometimes he would talk about
the interesting cases he had been en-
gaged in trying. Sometimes he would
talk about farming, sometimes about
stock raising, and his converstion
would be enlivened with pleasant
stories, and he said it was a charm
and delight to sit there and hear
him in those familiar conversations,
and, he added, "I told my wife when
I came home from one of these oc-
casions that I had never voted any-
thing but a Democratic ticket in my
life, but if Abe Lincoln was ever
nominated for President I should vote
for him, and I did." And this illus-
trates the sentiment which prompted
citizens from all parts of that state to
come to Chicago to see what they might
do to help the cause of Mr. Lincoln.

It was remarkable also for the pa-
triotic spirit which prevailed through-
out the entire city, on the streets, and
in the hotels and in the Convention.
There was a very strong under-current
of feeling that the Republic was in
peril; that the government was con-
fronting great danger, and that im-
pression emphasized the patriotic
sentiment of those who were gathered
in Chicago. I recall that the Montana
delegates brought with them a most
delightful singer, one of the sweetest
voices I ever heard, and he came up to
Chicago to sing the old national songs.
It will be remembered that the songs of
the Civil War were at that time an un-

known quantity. He sang ''The Star
Spangled Banner, long may it wave";
"My Country, 'Tis of Thee, Sweet
Land of Liberty " ; ''Columbia, the Gem
of the Ocean," and "The Sword of
Bunker Hill,' ' and the listeners cheered
and swung their hats as they listened
to this music.

The Convention was held in what
was known as the Wigwam. This
was a rude structure made of un-
dressed lumber, and intended only
for the purpose of that occasion. It
was large enough to accommodate
the delegates, the alternates, the
representatives of the press, the
national committee and a large num-
ber of invited guests on what might lit-
erally have been called the "ground
floor, " but for the ample supply of saw-
dust which concealed it. A gallery was
thrown around three sides of this struc-
ture, with, perhaps, a capacity to ac-
commodate five or six thousand people,
more or less. The seats occupied by
delegates were strong wooden boards
supported by heavy chairs. The plat-
form occupied by the president of the
Convention and the secretary was on
the north side of the Wigwam. Such
was the enclosure in which a chapter
was to be written not less important to
the cause of civilization than the chap-
ter written at Runnymede more than
six centuries earlier, or the chapter
written by our forefathers in Indepen-
dence Hall in 1776.

The Convention was called to
order by E. D. Morgan, afterwards
governor of New York, chairman of
the National Committee at 12 o'clock
on the 16th of May, 1860. After an
interesting speech the chairman in-
troduced David Wilmot of Pennsyl-
vania, the well-known author of the
Wilmot Proviso, as temporary chair-
manof the Convention. Mr. Wilmot
delivered a very eloquent and forcible
speech on taking the chair and an-
nounced the committees, using, of
course, the list of names that had
been prepared for him by the com-
mittee and passed up to him. This
included the committee on resolutions,

Lincoln and the Convention of 1860

303

committee on permanent organiza-
tion, committee on credentials and
committee on rules. This being ac-
complished the secretary read off the
names. The Convention then ad-
journed until the following day; at
12 o'clock on the following day, which
was Wednesday, the committee on
organization reported a list of officers,
naming George Ashman of Massachu-
setts as president of the Convention,
with a list of vice-presidents ancl
secretaries. The president, Mr. Ash-
man, assumed his position and de-
livered a very delightful address, full
of patriotic ardor, and called for the
report of the committee on rules,
which was made and adopted. The
committee on credentials' report was
made and adopted. He then called
for the report of the committee on
resolutions; in other words the com-
mittee on the platform to be adopted
by the Convention. A very interest-
ing incident occurred in connection
with the presentation of this report.
Ordinarily the report of the committee
on resolutions is adopted without
debate, almost as a matter of course,
but in this instance it happened other-
wise. After the platform had been
read, and when the question came
up on its adoption, Mr. Giddings of
Ohio moved an amendment to the
first resolution embracing a familiar
clause from the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, "We hold these truths to
be self-evident that all men are created
equal, endowed with certain inalien-
able rights, among which are life,
liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
The amendment was opposed by the
chairman of the committee on resolu-
tions as not being a necessary part of a
political platform, adding that we all
'believe in the Ten Commandments,
but do not deem it necessary to say
so in our political platforms. No one
appearing to defend the amendment
it was rejected, whereupon Mr. Gid-
dings took his hat and proceeded to
leave the Convention. Before he
reached the exit some one shouted,
"Mr. President," and all eyes were

turned in the direction of the speaker,
and when it was seen that the voice
was that of George William Curtis of
New York cries came from all quar-
ters, "Take the platform, take the
platform." /'No," said Mr. Curtis,
"I can be heard from here. " He then
moved that the same amendment be
incorporated in the second resolution,
a question of order was raised by the
chairman of the committee, which was
over-ruled by President Ashman on
the ground that the Convention had
not parted with the right to amend the
second resolution by declining to
amend the first. This gave Mr. Curtis
an opportunity to say what was in his
mind in regard to preserving a record
on the part of the Convention to
which they might refer without humil-
iation. "Gentlemen of the Conven-
tion," he said, "I beg you to consider
well, consider well whether you are
prepared to go before the people in
the campaign which is just before us
in defense of the charge that here in
this Convention, here where the free
winds of heaven sweep over your
teeming prairies, here in the city of
Chicago, in the summer of 1860, you
winced and quailed and refused to
give your sanction to the words of the
immortal declaration proclaimed to
the world by our forefathers in 1776. "
The clear ringing voice reached every
ear in the Convention. The effect
was irresistible — like the sweep of a
tempest. The motion was put to
the Convention and carried with a
thunderous "aye," and before the
applause had subsided Mr. Giddings
returned to his seat with a show of
satisfaction he took no pains to con-
ceal. I have heard many eloquent
speeches in my time — speeches of great
power — but I do not recollect one
more effective than that brief appeal
of George William Curtis in that
Convention on that afternoon. The
platform with this amendment being
adopted, the Convention adjourned
until the following day. Long before
12 o'clock on Thursday the Wigwam
was crowded to its utmost capacity.

304 The Granite Monthly •

At 12 o'clock the Convention was They had come to Chicago with the
called to order. The informal ballot absolute conviction that their candi-
was had, which was watched with date would receive the nomination,
most intense interest. Then came They had seen his flag go down in
the first formal ballot. On that hopeless defeat and their hearts were
ballot Mr. Seward received 184| votes, sore. I saw people in the galleries
Mr. Chase received 42|; Mr. Bates wipe their eyes as if they were at a
received 35; 22 were scattering. Lin- funeral. A hurried consultation was
coin received 181, and his friends were had among the delegates from New
jubilant. They knew what it signified. York, and when Mr. Evarts arose and
It should be borne in mind that moved that the nomination of Mr.
outside the Convention was a great Lincoln be made unanimous, the
body of people, estimated at fifty scene which followed beggared de-
or seventy-five thousand, just as scription. The delegates and alter-
anxious to know what was going on as nates sprang to their feet, cheered and
those inside, and the committee on flung their hats in the air, and hugged
"arrangements had provided for just each other in a wild transport of
this emergency. They had erected enthusiasm; outside was heard the
a small platform at the base of the "boom, boom" of the artillery, and
roof of the Wigwam and had engaged the noise and tumult of the people was
a well-known auctioneer of Chicago to like the roar of Niagara. I have
occupy this platform and herald to the seen a great many enthusiastic gather-
crowd what was transpiring inside ings in my life. I have never wit-
the Wigwam. After the first formal nessed anything comparable to this,
ballot the result was handed up to It lingers in my memory as of some-
him and he proclaimed it to the crowd thing which occurred but a few
outside, and the report was received months ago.

with loud cheers. Then, during the The nomination of Hamlin for
interim, while the second ballot was vice-president quickly followed, and
being taken, the auctioneer desiring the proceedings of the Convention
to entertain the crowd drew from his passed into history. It is true Mr.
pocket a piece of paper. "Gentle- Lincoln had received the unanimous
men," he said, "give me your atten- nomination of the Convention, but it
tion. I have rceived an interesting is also true that Mr. Seward's friends
report from the Chamber of Com- and others labored under the impres-
merce. You will all be glad to know its sion that a serious mistake had been
contents," and then he pretended to made in turning down Mr. Seward
read, "dent corn, 62; flint corn, 66; and nominating Mr. Lincoln. Mr.
popcorn, 71; sweet corn, 78, Lincoln, Seward had been in public life for
181, and going up," and the crowd years. He was the leader of his
cheered again. It became eivdent, as party in the Senate. His views were
the second formal ballot was being in accord with those of his party,
taken, that Lincoln was to take the He was recognized as a great and
honors of the Convention. When the leading statesman, and it seemed to
result was announced it appeared that his friends that it was a very grave
Lincoln had received 231^ votes; and serious mistake to turn him
Seward 180, 4^ votes less than on the down and nominate a man \yho could
first ballot, and when Judge Carter hardly be said to have any standing
of Ohio transferred 4 votes from Chase in national politics. This feeling
to Lincoln the requisite majority was held in abeyance during the
was assured and Lincoln was the campaign, but after the election it
nominee of the Convention. Interest manifested itself in New York, Wash-
now centered in the New York ington and elsewhere in ways that
delegation. What would they do? could not be misunderstood. Mr.

Lincoln and the Convention of 1860

305

Thurlow Weed, one of our great jour-
nalists and one of the most sagacious
politicians of his generation, had seen
Mr. Lincoln during the campaign
and had visited Springfield at the
request of Mr. Lincoln after election
to offer his counsel in constituting
the new cabinet. Mr. Lincoln had
entertained the sagacious visitor with
pleasant and amusing stories, and
it was disclosed while Mir. Weed was
in Springfield that the President-elect
had determined to appoint Montgom-
ery Blair and Gideon Wells as two of
the members of his cabinet. Mr.
Weed was greatly disappointed. He
knew both of these men; he knew
they did not possess the qualifica-
tions which he believed the President
should have recognized. Mr. Blair
fell out early in his career as cabinet
minister. Mr. Wells was suffered
to remain as a sort of harmless
functionary. Mr. Weed went home
feeling that Mr. Lincoln did not
appreciate the gravity of the situa-
tion. The simple truth is he did not
know Mr. Lincoln, and I might add
that no one knew him. I doubt if
Mr. Lincoln knew himself. But the
glory of it all is that the power was
there, waiting to develop when the
occasion called.

Mr. Weed wrote a very strong arti-
cle in his paper, the Albany Evening
Journal, two or three weeks after the
election, in which he made an appeal
to the Northern leaders in Washington
to renew their efforts to bring about a
compromise with the leaders of the
secession party and to leave no stone
unturned to accomplish that result.
Of course, he could not explain his
motive and it was not understood,
but the article itself was very severely
criticised. The secret was revealed,
however, when, four weeks after the
inauguration, Mr. Seward made the
astounding proposition to the Presi-
dent to relieve him of the duties of the
office and assume them himself. Of
course, such an extraordinary proposi-
tion as that could not have been made
except after consultation with party

leaders. It could not have been made
except upon the theory that the pres-
ervation of the Republic was involved
in it. On no other basis could it be
explained. Mr. Seward must have
realized his mistake when he read the
President's dignified and brief reply.
''The people," he said, "have called
me to this office. I cannot transfer
its duties and responsibilities to
another if I would. I shall always be
glad to consult with my advisers, but
I cannot surrender the trust the
people have reposed in me." Hap-
pily that decisive note settled it. It
must have been a painful and humili-
ating experience for Mr. Lincoln to
receive such a communication at the
very outset of his career in the White
House, and yet he made no complaint.
He never even published the fact. It
came out long after. A weaker man
might have made this the occasion
for a sensation. Mr. Lincoln was too
wise for that. But the time was sure
to come when Mr. Lincoln would be
estimated at his worth. That time
did come. The exigencies of the
momentous crisis revealed his strength
of character and the full measure of
his resources and those who had
doubted and distrusted, came to
honor him for his statesmanship and
to love him for himself.- He disclosed
a grasp of the situation which books
could not supply nor diplomas assure.
He was obliged on more than one oc-
casion to overrule his great secretaries
in the exercise of his own better and
safer judgment. Not book-wise, he
was wiser than books. Greatness
was not thrust upon him, he achieved
it. And when the end came and the
■yvhite-winged messengers of peace
were fluttering in the air, and Old
Glory was streaming once again
proudly from every battlement of the
Republic, respected and honored by
the nations of the earth as it had
never been before, the world knew
that his had been the guiding spirit
of the crisis and that the rescue of the
Republic from deadly peril was due
under God to him.

306

The Granite Monthly

In the last campaign a friend of
mine being in Auburn called upon
Mr. Seward's son, who is a banker in
that city, far along in life. In the
course of the interview the conversa-
tion turned upon the Chicago Conven-
tion, upon Secretary Seward and Mr.
Lincoln, and the son said, in substance
"Mr. Seward's friends, after the
Chicago Convention, were greatly
exercised over the result; they felt
that a fatal mistake had been made
in the nomination of Mr. Lincoln and
in the refusal to nominate his father,
but," he continued, "so far as I know
there is no one, certainly none of my
father's friends, who does not believe
as I do that Mr. Lincoln was the only
man in the world who could have
carried the country through that
crisis successfully. I believe my
father could not have done it." But
I must not detain you.

Great men like others pass from the
ranks of the living when their task
is done, and we speak of them as dead,
but this is only a form of speech. In
the higher and better sense they are
not dead. They live on in their ex-
ample and their influence. They
live on in the splendor of their achieve-
ments. They live on in song and story

and on the pages of history. They
live on in the traditions which are
handed down from generation to
generation, and from age to age.
How often we have seen at the close
of a summer's day the whole western
heavens aflame with the radiant
glory of the departing sun, so a great,
grand life overflows the boundaries of
physical existence and remains to
illuminate and radiate the pathway
of mankind. No man, not even the
humblest, liveth wholly to himself.
Out of the events which crowd our
pathway as we sweep onward a
master hand, tireless as destiny, is
ever weaving the magic web of
history, and it is our joy to feel that
the commanding power and the tran-
scendent sweetness of this devoted
life shall lend a richer luster to the
fabric and when generations yet
unborn shall be looking back through
the mists of time to the great historic
struggle for the preservation of the
grandest government on earth, fathers
will still be telling their sons the
matcliless story of Abraham Lincoln.
The leaves fall and wither and the
flowers perish in the north wind's
breath, but the stars shine on forever
and forever.

GOD RULES

Bij Amy J. DoUoff ,

God lives and reigns with power unchanged.
Though evil seems to hold full sway;

Though justice seems a thing unknown
And force of might the only way.

God reigns. His care encircles all —

The weak, the false, the strong, the true.

Eternal Wisdom plans our days;
Faith will our waning faith renew.

Calm and serene as summer sky,
When not a cloud sails o'er its blue.

Our souls may rest, secure in Him, —
Help of the helpless, tried and true.

Our God is with us. We shall have
His Presence through the darkest night.

So shall we bravely face the gloom
That leads to regions of delight.

MARTHA'S SECOND BRIDAL

By Anabel C. Ajidrews

It has been such a weary day — and uncomplainingly she has done all

everything has gone wrong in the old that could be done for her husband's

farm-house ever since four in the parents — receiving only fault-finding,

morning, when she crept, unrefreshed, harsh words in return. The days have

from her bed; and the pain has been not been long enough for the work she

worse than usual all day. must do in them, unless she has

How beautiful the rosy mist had worked with all her might; all pleas-
looked, curling over the river; and ure has been considered time wasted;
how passing fair the whole wide earth, the almanac and weekly paper all the
bathed in the early morning mist and reading matter a farmer's wife ought
the sun's first rays! But, with hungry to want.

chickens, pigs, and calves to be fed. Hard work and care have drawn

breakfast to prepare, and all her other heavy lines on the brow that was so

work to be done, there had been no fair and smooth on her bridal day;

time for her to enjoy the beauty bitter tears, shed alone, have dimmed

spread so lavishly before her, save by the eyes and washed away the roses

stray glimpses, caught in passing open from her cheeks; the hands, which

doors or windows. were so small and white, are hard and

It is the middle of the afternoon, stiff now; instead of dimples at the

and at last she has finished all her joints there are knots and the cords

duties downstairs. She closes the stand out; she looks at her wedding

blinds, and, pushing the chairs into ring curiously; it is worn to a thin,

place around the table, takes one last fragile band — how little it would need

look to see if all is right, then goes to break it. A little smile curves her

slowly upstairs — how long and how lips as she thinks of the waning of the

steep the old stairs seem today — how love of which the ring is a token, won-

they make the pain come. dering dully if it would bear as much

The July sun has crept away from strain as the ring. Her glance wan-

the chamber she enters first; throw- ders about the room — everything in

ing open the blinds she pauses a mo- it is hard and ugly, like her life. She

ment to look at the lilacs growing be- had worn herself out trying to change

neath the window, and away to the this when she was younger; it had

cool green woods beyond the hay- been beyond her power. She won-

field. ders if another could have done better

It was to this room she had come a in her place, and if the fault is in her-

laughing, rosy-cheeked bride! Drop- self. It has all been so different from

ping, with a weary sigh, on a low seat the life she had planned and hoped

by the window, the years roll back- for. She had been so full of ambition

ward. How well she remembers it all; on that afternoon of which she is

how many times she has wondered thinking; life and its possibilities

why people are ever glad to remember, meant so much to her then. But life

She has never been. Her past, since has been a problem which she has

her marriage, has held so little of despaired of solving, and love has

brightness that it only shows more failed her.

plainly the dark unbroken level of her She thinks, with a choking sob, of

life. Why does her bridal come back how long the time has been since she

to her so vividly today? It was on a has felt her husband's kiss upon her

July afternoon like this — every sound lips; she had ventured to kiss hina

of summer seems the same. Patiently once, as he lay asleeping, but he had

308

The Granite Monthly

stirred and scowled; she remembers
how she crept away and cried her
heart out on the old couch in the
kitchen, while he slept soundlj^ all the
night through, never once missing her.
The years have added to his wealth,
but have given to her only added
cares; while each year the strength
to bear them has grown less.

She has long ago ceased to plan, or
hope; and blindly lives each day,
working with a dogged persistency,
which leaves no task unfinished when
her weary head rests upon its pillow.
She never thinks of her future — even
death has no terror; the thought is
restful, life has been, so hard. A
strange fancy sways her this afternoon.
Going hastily to a drawer she takes
from its paper wrappings all her
bridal array, and lays it on the bed.
With feverish haste she takes down
her hair, shaking it loose into curling
tresses ; and slips into the dress, which
hangs loosely upon her wasted figure.
The slippers are too small, so are the
gloves, and she smiles mournfully as
she lays them back on the bed. The
veil she fastens with a cluster of pan-
sies, whispering sadly : ''Heartsease,"
as she pins them into place, then
gazes long at the reflection which
looks back at her from the small
mirror. Can this be the same face
that looked back at her on her bridal
day? The years are not so many that
these changes should be their work.
The blue eyes are dimmed by tears —
they were so bright then; the mouth
has a wistful despairing droop, in
place of smiles and dimples — every
feature is changed.

Tired out, she sinks down on the
seat by the window, and rests her
head wearily on the sill, where the
breeze blowing over the crimson
clover gently fans her heavy eyes; the
lids droop softly, and though a golden
robin swings on the lowest branch of
the elm which shades the house and
sings his sweetest song, they do not
lift again: and she has always loved

the golden robins so that their faintest
song would wake her. The shadows
creep over the grass and gently touch
the balsams, closing their eyes for the
day; but the sleeper does not wake.
The old clock at the head of the
stairs strikes slowly five times; it is
tinie to begin preparations for supper,
which must never be over a few
minutes late; but the sleeper does not
wake — how can she linger so, when
she knows so well the harsh reproof
she will hear.

The voices of the hay-makers come
faintly on the clover-scented air: they
are coming nearer home. A honey
bee drones sleepily by her ear; her
kitten purrs and rubs its side against
her unresponsive hand. Her chickens
are calling her; the cows are waiting
in the lane — Bessie lows for her
bossy in the barn, hooking impa-
tiently at the gate.

How very still the room is! The
six strokes of the old clock jar the
silence like some solemn-toned bell;
but the heavy slumber is still un-
broken.

The veil has fallen aside, revealing
the faded, patient face; it wears now
a look of perfect peace as she looks
upon the face of her second bride-
groom and goes forth with him to the
new Life.

"She died as many travelers have

died;
Striving, in spite of failing pulse and

limb,
Which faltered and grew feeble at

each step.
To toil up the icy steep; and bear.
Patient and faithful to the last, the

load
Which in the sunny morn seemed

light.

"They wrote above her grave some

common record which they
thought was true;
But I who loved her first, and last,
and best, I knew!"

MY RECEPTION DOWN SOUTH

By George E. Foster

I was founder and for thirteen years ponderous leaders: you positively
proprietor of a country newspaper must have a radical change of scene,
in a thriving New Hampshire village. As editor, you have written consid-
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky erable suggesting how the far off
number, but I consider the sale of the South should manage its affairs,
paper of which I had been editor and Being Southern-born myself .and
proprietor for thirteen years was one having been raised there, I have rea-
of my lucky deals. I moved to New son to think that you have more mis-
York state and before ray goods ar- taken ideas in your head concerning
rived in the city that I had selected the South than you have serious
for my new home, I had secured a germs of disease in your system. I

'position on a paper published in the well understand your ambition to do,
place. The next year, I took a more and I am realizing the difficulty I am
responsible position on a rival paper, going to have to keep you in shape
on which for some time there was if you are where you can have access
little care or work. There were besides to your office desk. Now as I just
myself two others on the editorial said, you need change and rest more
force. Not long after, one of the than you need my medicine. I sup-
editors died, and while I still retained pose if that illustrious predecessor of
my position I was asked to do in ad- your cult, Horace Greeley, were alive,
dition some of the editorial work of he would say, "Go West, young man,
the deceased member of the firm, go West," but my prescription will
Within a year, the other editor was be that you go South and there live
taken ill: naturally his work fell on a simple life; invigorating there both
my shoulders and I was doing the your body and mind, and, as you be-
work that had been divided between come able, study the real life of the
three. I was young then, and am- Southern people, that you may in
bitious. I cheerfully performed the some future time be better able than
work, thinking the other surviving heretofore to write understandingly

. editor would eventually recover, but of the need of a people which up to
he did not. One day he died and the date you have never met. Mean-
editorial work and a large part of the while, remember that the Southern
business management was on my people believe firmly in the doctrine
hands, and as the stockholders made of non-interference of Northern people
no effort to change the condition of in their political and business affairs. "
affairs, I both edited and man- I heeded my physician's advice
aged the business as best I could, and as soon as I was able went South.
Eventually I felt the disastrous in- There I have found health and re-
fluence of the "thirteen of super- sultant happiness, leading the simple
stition." One morning I was pros- life that my physician had prescribed,
ti-ated at my desk. I was taken I found, not only genuine health glow
home and a physician was called, for my cheeks, but the real "Local
He felt my pulse; he examined my color" for my pen, as I studied not
tongue; he shook his head sagely, and the cult alone but all phases of every-
said profoundly, "Overwork." La- day life among the common people
ter he again shook his head in his irrespective of the color of their skin,
peculiar professional way and finally Having rented a house, I ordered
said: "Young man, you have just my household goods freighted from
got for the present to stop writing the North. After a long delay the

310

The Granite Monthly

goods arrived at the depot, and a
truckman was engaged. He, being
a white man, simply "bossed" the
job; he had two drays and had several
negroes to do the work. When the
first load arrived at my door I was
ready to look after the unloading.
The driver was a young negro. On
the top of the load was a large box in
which I had packed my study clock.

"Captain," said the negro, "would
you mind liftin' down dat box?"

"That is what you are paid for,"
I said somewhat gruffly, "do it
yourself. "

" I no mind liftin' off der rest of yer
stuff, but I no like to lift off dat
'tickler box," he said and he left the
dray and pretended to be adjusting
the harness on one of the mules.

" What is the matter with your un-
loading that box?" I asked in a little
crosser tone than before.

"There's a haunt in it," he replied.
He made no further explanation and
no amount of urging would induce
him to take down the box.

To get the rest of the load lifted,
I took down the box, while the colored
boy watched the proceeding with
scared eyes and worried face. I
carried the box into the house and
the boy quickly unloaded the rest.
Later I was told by the truckman that
the clock had struck in the box as they
placed it on the load, and hence came
the idea of a haunt. This was the
beginning of a long experience on my
part with Southern superstitions, and
as a beginning of the peculiar weather
prognostications down South, the
colored boy, as he left for another
load, said, "It will rain tomorrow."

"How so?" I asked.

"Yesterday," he said, "was a fair
Friday — a fair Friday means a rainy
Sunday, beside there was a circle
around the moon last night; it will
rain for-sure tomorrer. "

"Did you hear that colored boy
prophesy a storm?" I asked my wife
as we waited for the arrival of another
dray. "Who told him that? Do
you see that sheep and dog over there

in that vacant lot? Since I have
been waiting here under the rose-tree
watching that sheep and dog the
words of Schiller's drama, William
Tell, have come to me.

" ' 'Twill rain ere long; my sheep brouse

eagerly,
And Watcher there is scraping the earth: —
The fish are leaping, and the water-hen
Dives up and down. A storm is coming

on.'"

"But where do you see fish leaping,"
queried my wife.

"Right over there in the river cove,"
I replied. "There are also large birds
diving yonder; yes, I believe that
black boy is right; it will rain to-
morrow."

During the unloading of other
drays a goodly number of colored
men, who seemingly had nothing else
to do, gathered on the sidewalk appar-
ently making an inventory of my be-
longings. The boxes of books caused
expressions of surprise.

"He's a doctor," says one.

"No, he haint. Just as if a doctor
would need alldose books to cut out
yer 'pendix, Jim. I tell yer he's a
parson."

"Naugh, he's no minister; he don't
look it. 'Sides ministers don't have
money 'nough to buy such books.
Den dey do not need them, ministers
don't. God puts der words right
into der moufs."

"Den he's a lawyer," said one who
had not previously spoken.

"Dat's it! dat's it!" exclaimed
several at once. "See how rascally
he looks. Dem lawyers jus' have to
have books. They doan know not'n'
without 'em. They always bring
books into court and reads the opin-
ions of somebody else. Yes, dat
man dar, is sure one of dem scallawag
lawyers."

Such was fame down South. I was
called Captain, Doctor, Parson and
Scallawag Lawyer in a single day, and
more than this, the next day I was
passing slowly down the main street
of the town and met three men. I
have since discovered that they con-

Omniscience

311

sidered themselves as leading citizens
of the place.

"Who is that?" said one, as they
passed me.

"He's evidently a stranger," re-
marked the second.

"Probably another of those d

yankee squatters," said the third.

I was glad when moving day was
over. I took the only chair left out-
side and sat down beneath a rose-tree
of surpassing beauty. The tree was
one mass of bloom. Up North I had
never seen one so beautiful. To-
ward the West was a scene of gran-
deur; the golden sun was painting the
cloudlets with crimson and gold, and
there was a charming background of
blue. There's nothing more beautiful
than a Virginia sunset. As I sat there
two negro women passed along the
street; with wondrous melody they
were singing low, a mournful song:

"O, sometimes I feel like a motherless child!
Sometimes I feel like a motherless child!

O my Lord!
Sometimes I feel like a motherless child!
Den I git down on my knees and pray
Git down on my knees and pray!
O, I wonder where my mother's done
Wonder where my mother's done
I wonder where my mother's done
Den I git down on my knees and pray, pray !
Git down on my knees and pray!

pray!

gone,
gone,
gone.

"O, sometimes I feel like I'd never been
borned,
Sometimes I feel like I'd never been borned,

O my Lord!
Sometimes I feel like I'd never been borned.
Den I git down on my knees and pray, pray!
Git down on my knees and pray!
O, I wonder where my baby's done gone,
Wonder where my baby's done gone,
Wonder where my baby's done gone.
Den I git down on my knees and pray, pray!
Git down on my knees and pray!

"O, sometimes I feel like I'm a long ways
from home, etc.
I wonder where my sister's done gone, etc.

"Sometimes I feel like a home-e-less child, etc.
I wonder where de preacher's done gone,
etc."

The negro melody to me was novel
and weird. I was glad of the song;
I was charmed with the sunset; grand
was the landscape —

"Far off trees in evening mist.
Golden skies by sunbeams kiss't ..."

I was glad of the rose-tree; I was
refreshed by the balmy zephyrs. I
said to my wife, "If I had known of
all this before, I would cheerfully
have given our Northern doctor an
additional and a bumper fee had he
prescribed all this long before he
did."

Hampton, Va.

OMNISCIENCE

By H. Thompson Rich

I am the kingdom and the king;
I am the nothing and the thing;
I am the thinker and the thought;
I am the song I sing.

Sunlight and starlight, land and sea, —
Age upon age, continuously.
These things in me are worked and wrought :
I am Eternity !

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HENRY J. FURBER

Henry J. Furber, long a prominent attor-
ney and real estate operator in Chicago, died
in that city August 28, 1916.

He was a native of Somersworth, son of Ben-
jamin T. and Olive (Hussey) Furber, born July
17, 1840. He graduated from the Somersworth
High School in 1857,and entered Bowdoin Col-
lege that year, but left in 1860 to become prin-
cipal of the public schools of Green Bay, Wis.
Subsequently the college conferred upon him
the degree of Bachelor of Arts.

Mr. Furber was admitted to the Wisconsin
bar in 1862, and in 1879 removed to Chicago.
He became a member of the law firm of Hig-
gins, Furber, & Coughlin, which for many
years was one of Chicago's leading law firms,
and later was identified with large financial •
interests, accumulating a fortune of several
millions.

On January 7, 1862, he married Miss Elvira
Irwin at Green Bay, and three sons were born
to them, Henry J. and Frank I. of Chicago,
and W. E. of Green Bay, all of whom survive.

^E. FRED ALDRICH
Ephraim Fred Aldrich, born in Colebrook
on June 9, 1873, died at Littleton, September
13, 1916.

He was the son of United States District
Judge Edgar Aldrich and Louise M. (Remick)
Aldrich and was educated in the Littleton
schools, Phillips Andover Academy and the
Boston University Law School, graduating
LL.B., from the latter in the class -of 1902.
Admitted to the bar immediately upon grad-

uation, he commenced practice in Boston,
as a partner of Solomon Lincoln. Later he
became attorney for the Boston Elevated
Street Railway Company, devoting himself
to the defence, of personal injury suits, in
which he was quite successful. Subsequently,
in independent practice, he had been con-
nected with much important litigation and
made an excellent reputation. He was a
member of the Boston Bar Association, and
of the Algonquin and other clubs.

On January 1, 1905, Mr. Aldrich married
Frances Vera Powers of Boston who, with a
young daughter, Barbara Louise, survive
him. He i^ also survived by his' father and
mother, and a sister, Mrs. Howard Summers
Kniffin of Cedarhurst, Long Island, N. Y.

DANIEL A. CLIFFORD

Daniel A. Clifford, born in DanviUe, N. H.,
April 2, 1844, died in the house where he was
born, October 1, 1916.

He was educated in the pubUc schools and
at Colby Academy, New London. He was
for many years engaged as a grammar school
principal in Manchester, going thence in
January, 1883, to become principal of the
Carter Grammar School in Chelsea, Masi^;.,
which position he held for more than thirty
years, retiring two years ago.

He served for a time during the Civil War
as a member of Company M, Fourth Massa-
chusetts Heavy Artillery, and was a member
of Col. Winthrop Post, 35, G. A. R., of Chel-
sea. He leaves a wife, daughter and son,
Daniel P. Clifford, of Toledo, Ohio.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

S^ The next issue of the Granite Monthly
will be a double number for November and
December, appearing about the middle of the
latter month. It will be extensively dis-
tributed and will be a valuable medium for
holiday advertising in this state.

The New Hampshire Board of Trade, at
its first annual meeting under the new consti-
tution, held in Concord, October 17, elected
A. B. Jenks of Manchester as president;
G. Arthur Foster of Concord, secretary;
George Thurber of Nashua, treasurer, and
D. W. Cole of Hillsborough, auditor. The
Special Committee to devise means for
financing the proposed work of the Board was
continued, and the chairman. Professor
Smith of the Tuck School, Hanover, was
authorized to cooperate with the Executive
Committee in carrying the plans into oper-
ation. The Standing Committee on the
Pilgrim Ter-centenary celebration was also
continued for another year. In view of the
fact that a committee has been appointed

in Massachusetts to report to the next leg-
islature of that state a permanent plan of cel-
ebration, this latter committee of the New
Hampshire Board of Trade, which first pro-
posed the celebration, is likely to have some-
thing to do during the year.

Edna Dean Proctor, native of Henniker
and New Hampshire's favorite poet, has
just added another to the number of her
published volumes in the shape of an attractive
Uttle book, of some seventy duodecimo pages,
on heavy parer. in boards, containing the
best of her la ^^oems. It is entitled "The
Glory of loii, taking its name from the
leading poem, a"'^ includes twenty-two others,
among whi^*" ^re "Daniel Webster" and
"Concord Ly the Merrimack," the forme'"
read at the Webster Birthplace Dedication,
and the latter at Concord's One Hundred
and Fiftieth Anniversary Celebration. No
more charming holiday gift-book than this,
dedicated "To All Toilers" will be found this
season.

A BIT OF NEW HAMPSHIRE SCENERY
View at Contoocook River Park

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVIII, Nos. 11-12

NOVEMBER-DECEMBER, 1916 New Series, Vol. XI, Nos. 11-12-

A HAILSTORM AT LAKE SUNAPEE

By Herbert Welsh

On the morning of the 23d of
August last, I had been busy for fully
three hours at the very top of one of
the beautiful hills in which this region
abounds, painting on a large canvas.
The weather, as it had been for sev-
eral days past, was intensely hot.
Very few clouds had appeared in the
early part of the day, and the horizon
was slightly dimmed by vapors which
the fierce rays of the sun had drawn
from the earth. Burkehaven Hill —
for such is the name of the rough
pasture out of which granite rocks
crop and which is sprinkled with
masses of beautiful ferns — commands
an entrancing view. From its top,
where my easel was stationed, one
can look westward over groves of rich
foliage, the village of Sunapee with its
unvarying white cottages and single
church steeple seen in the valley, and
beyond that blue mountains which
carry the eye clear across the Vermont
line.

About midday, my work being
done, I made my way, laden with my
traps, down over the rough and broken
hillside to the road which descended
to the shores of Lake Sunapee, and
then led by a shady lane, to my own
cottage one half mile distant. I
noticed, though the sun was still
shining brightly, the gathering of a
thundershower in the northwest.
There were ragged and dark clouds but
it did not impress one as promising
much amiss — only an ordinary sum-
mer thundershower, and even that
might not come our way.

That afternoon about three o'clock,
though the sun still eontinued to be

as brilliant as ever, there were inces-
sant grumblings- and growlings of
thunder, coming for the most part
from the southeast, — precisely the
opposite direction from the threat-
ened shower which I had noticed on
my return home at noon. There did
not seem to be an instant when this
fierce, complaining thunder ceased,
but as the sunshine still continued
bright, it did not strike one as being
anything very much out of the way.
Our cottage is on the shore of the
Lake, the western side of the indenta-
tion known as Sunapee Harbor.
From our front porch one can catch
a glimpse, through the trunks and
boughs of old hemlock trees, of a
three-mile stretch out over the waters
of the Harbor and then the wider
limits of the Lake itself. In this
direction a mass of very dark and
threatening clouds was bundled in the
southeast, and was rapidly making its
way to the eastern verge of Lake
Sunapee. It was from these clouds
that the incessant thunder came, but
none of the peals were very loud or
such as to arouse suspicion of an
unusual storm.

About five o'clock in the afternoon
the clouds seemed to go right down
onto the Lake; it became extremely
dark for daytime and then very large
drops of rain began to fall on lake and
earth. Almost instantly there came a
fierce patter, as of stones, striking the
roof of the house and porch and mak-
ing a perfect fusillade of sound. My
wife, in an adjoining room to that in
which I sat at my writing, thought I
was up to some mischief and by means

316 The Granite Monthly

unknown was producing this terrific ajffected the eye and the imagination
clatter. She called to know what I most strangely with a curious com-
was about, but neither I nor any one mingled sense of spring and autumn —
else was responsible for the extraord- spring — in that the ground was all
inary happenings out of doors. A covered with a tender green that com-
vast number of hailstones, such as pletely carpeted the brown earth of
most folk in that region had never the road, making it look like a wood-
seen, — and trust they never will see path, while the trees, not only pine
again, — were falling mercilessly from and hemlock but birch and maple,
the clouds which seemed to rest upon were almost completely shorn of their
the water and the earth. Like a mil- leaves. They presented a most pa-
lion blades they were cutting small thetic appearance, particularly the
branches from every tree at their delicate birch trees, which looked as
mercy, and strewing these swiftly though they had been devoured by
until they formed a green carpet all one of the destructive pests that have
over the ground where a few moments ravaged parts of New England so
before had been the warm burnt- fearfully during the last ten or fifteen
sienna brown of last year's pine years.

needles. The hailstones, — some of During the progress of the storm on

them an inch and a half in width, — the previous day, there was one

cut from pine and hemlock, the trees feature which attracted much atten-

which surrounded our cottage, small tion. As these great hailstones struck

tufts, as though they had been neatly the surface of the Lake, they splashed

trimmed with a knife blade. In a the water high into the air — it must

short time this green carpet, having have risen, when the fury of the

been completely laid, made a bed storm was at its height, more than a

for the white one, like that of winter, foot from the surface of the Lake,

which swiftly followed. The effect was an indescribable im-

As the storm ceased, which it did pression of fury. I have seen in no

in about half an hour, and one stood newspaper, or indeed in printed form,

on the porch to view the havoc it had an account of this extraordinary

wrought, the thought of Christmas natural disturbance. I am well aware

was brought most vividly to mind, that my own knowledge of it is partial

not only through the eye by the and imperfect, although I did what I

white covering of the ground, but could at the time to observe what

from the fine balsamic odor of bleed- went on, and later to collect the ob-

ing pine trees, which brought most servances of many witnesses who,

vividly to the memory, by the power viewing the storm from different

of association, the Christmas trees of points, might have observed many

past years. The wooden steps of our details of which I was ignorant,

porch were covered with a thick I tried to find out, but only imper-

deposit of hail. I swept this off, fectly succeeded, the precise limits

step by step, with a broom. The of this strange downpour of hail,

following morning I found on the One of the oldest inhabitants of the

ground a conglomerate mass of ice, town, — a man of intelligence and

resulting from this sweeping. Upon prominence, — informed me that it

close examination the hailstones, was about a mile in length and about

which of course had melted consider- two miles in width. It is undoubt-

ably during the night, although they edly true that at the lower end of the

still retained the suggestion of their Lake, in the Newbury region, and

original form, appeared like so many some six miles from my cottage, there

icygum-dropsor jujube paste, clinging was no fall of hail whatever.

in a mass one to another. Our lane. The Sunapee branch of New Hamp-

over which I walked the following day, shire Forestry - Association held its

A Hailstorm at Lake Sunapee

317

meeting at the house of Col. Fred-
erick G. King, through the courtesy
of that gentleman. This is within
the town of Newbury and imme-
diately on the Lake. His flower garden
on that occasion, which was some-
time after the hailstorm had taken
place, was in perfect condition,— the
flowers brilliant and uninjured. But
the flower gardens, growing vegetables,
corn and trees within the limits of the
storm were mercilessly dealt with,
and' their product completely de-
stroyed. In our. neighborhood the

canoes of my informant, whose resi-
dence was but a quarter of a mile
from my cottage, were similarly
exposed but remained uninjured.
From that fact he drew the inference
that the force of the downpour of hail
on the other side of the lake where
the canoes were riddled was greater
than it had been with us.

A cottage a short distance from ours
which I noticed on the morning follow-
ing the storm, presented a curious
and beautiful appearance, the roofs
of the house and porches were com-

View on Lake Sunapee

Looking Towards Newbury

roofs of many houses were riddled,
and in some of them great quantities
of water entered through the holes
which the hailstones had made. In
many places window-panes and sky-
lights were broken, though we suffered
but little in that way, having only
lost a single pane of glass. I feel quite
sure that the large hemlock and pine
trees surrounding our cottage did
much to protect us. I was informed
by an intelligent and wholly reliable
resident of Sunapee, that on the other
side of the Lake canoes, which were
turned bottom side upwards, had been
perforated by the hailstones. The

pletely covered with maple leaves.
So closely had these fallen that it
looked as though they were there by
the clever design of some experienced
and gifted decorator. This element
of beauty, following destruction, was
one of the striking features of the
storm. One was disturbed with a
sense of the ravage and loss inflicted
and yet there ran through it this
curious and touching element of
beauty. I heard of no persons who
were very seriously injured. It seems
a strange thing in view of the fact that
many driving wagons or automobiles,
or out on the Lake in launches, were

318

The Granite Monthly

caught in the downpour; one man,
however, I am told, who was in a
launch on the Lake had his face
severely cut by the hailstones.

Everyone who was in this storm
with whom I afterwards talked of it,
seemed deeply impressed with its
strange power; awed by its sudden-

ness, the darkness that accompanied
it, the noise that it created and more
than all, perhaps, the sense of uncer-
tainty which it inspired as to just how
far it would carry its seeming thirst
for destruction. Everyone said, " We
never saw -anything like this before,
and we hope never to see it again. "

NECROPOLIS

By L. J. H. Frost

Thou city of the dead! within thy streets
And on thine ivied walls, Death ever keeps
A tireless vigil ; watching with keen look
,Each pale, still comer, as within his book
He writes their epitaph. A mournful train,
0, city! bearing one whom Death hath slain,
Oft comes within thy gates: — some young and fair,
With folded hands and pale flowers 'mid dark hair;
Some old and gray, whose faded, wrinkled cheeks
And careworn brows the contest oft bespeaks
Of their life's battle; yet unwilling they
To lay their armor down at close of day.
And call the struggle past, the conflict done. '
Blest they, if they can- say, — "the victory's won."

Thou cit}^ of the dead! within thine halls

Death holds his ceaseless banquet; and loud calls

The cankerworm to feast upon fair forms

Whose hearts are still; no crimson lifeblood warms

Their frozen breasts, nor raise they now their hands

To wipe away the clinging mould that stands

Upon their onbe fair features. Those cold forms

Heed not the damp, or darkness, or the worms;

Nor shrink from Death's most close embrace; nor start

To feel the frozen lifeblood on the heart

Press heavy down. Those forms are lifeless clay:

The better part — the soul — Kath passed away.

Thou city of the dead: Peace to thy shades!

Up to that land where glory never fades,

Thou leadest us. Our pathway lies through thee

Unto eternal day. Our souls, all free

From hindering clay that they have cast aside,

Within thy halls, shall flee, and hence abide

With the Eternal. But, O, city! keep

Thou safe the sacred forms we leave asleep

Within thy mansions, till a voice shall say —

"Give up thy dead," upon the judgment day.

THE EASTMAN ASSOCIATION

Next to the Old Home Week As- Although the Eastman Association,
•sociations, in New Hampshire, the which was organized in 1880 and in-
numerous family associations are the corporated three years later, has as
most powerful agency for perpetuat- its prime object the honor and per-
ing the memory of the early days, and petuation of the memory of Concord's
the men and women then at the front, first settler, whose numerous de-
and strengthening the attachment for scendants are now widely scattered,
ancestral scenes and places. > it admits to its membership all the

Perhaps the most prominent of descendants of Roger Eastman, with

these family associations, in central their wives and husbands, who may

New Hampshire, is the Eastman As- choose thus to associate themselves,

sociation, organized in Concord in The first president of the Associa-

1880, its primary purpose being the tion was the late Charles S. Eastman;

perpetuation of the memory of Capt. secretary, Charles E. Staniels, and

Ebenezer Eastman, the first settler of treasurer, George A. Fernald. Ten

Concord, who brought his family to vice-presidents are chosen; an exec-

the plantation of "Penny Cook," as it utive committee of the same number,

was then called, in 1727. and a finance committee of three

This Captain Eastman was a grand- members. The first annual meeting
son of Roger Eastman, the first of the was held in Merrimack Hall, East
name in the country, who came from Concord, October 19, 1881, and such
England and settled in Salisbury, meetings have been held every year
Mass., in 1640. He was born January since. The succession of presidents
10, 1689; became a prominent citizen has included, aside from Charles S.
of Haverhill, Mass., where six of his Eastman, who served two years, Sam-
sons were born before his removal to uel C. Eastman, Fred A. Eastman,
Concord, or "Penny Cook"; was not John Eastman Frye, Chandler East-
only the first, but the leading man in man, Edson C. Eastman, Kimball
' town for some years, but died at the Eastman of Cumberland Mills, Mr.
age of fifty-nine, July 28, 1748. William A. Eastman of Lowell, Mass.,

According to the record. Captain Clinton S. Eastman of Cumberland
Eastman, in 1731, four years after his Mills, Me., Fred E. Eastman, of Port-
settlement here, had cleared, broken land, Me., Prof. John R. Eastman,
up and had in mowing eighty acres of Andover, and perhaps others, as the
land, and had "considerable build- records of some of the earlier years
ings, barns, outhouses, etc." He had are not available. Hon. Samuel C.
also borne the expense of building a Eastman, of Concord, the most prom-
corn mill for the accommodation of inent meml^er of the family, served in
the settlement. Not only had he the one of the early years, and also for
largest and best cultivated farm, l^ut four years successively ending at the
he was generally regarded as the last annual meeting on the first Thurs-
leading man in the community. His day of October last, which date is
military title came through service now permanently fixed by the con-
in the colonial wars. He served in stitution of the Association, though
the expedition against Port Royal the place of meeting is left to be de-
when only nineteen years of age; termined by the executive committee,
commanded a company in the Cana- and is usually somewhere in the cen-
dian expedition of 1711; and also tral part of the city, though the old
held similar, rank in the expedition Eastman home was on the east side
against Louisburg in 1745, three years of the river,
before his death. Charles E. Staniels served as sec-

320 The Granite Monthly

retaiy from 1881 to 1887, inclusive; ceded him. He must not expect to

Frarik P. Curtis from 1888 to 1892; shine by inherited Hght, but the very

Miss Mary S. Emery, 1893, 1894, and virtues of his ancestors lay in a heavier

Miss Sophia J. Fernald from 1895 to burden on him to show that he is a

1916, declining a reelection at the last worthy son or daughter. A higher

annual meeting, as did Samuel C. standard is placed before him than if

Eastman as president. George A. he came from unknown or ignoble

Fernald, the first treasurer, was soon antecedents.

succeeded by his brother, Josiah "Not much is known about Roger

Eastman Fernald, who has since con- Eastman who first came here from

tinned in the office. England. But we do know a great

There are now several hundred deal about "Ebenezer, the first settler

members of the Association, with of Concord. That he was a man of

nearly $5,000 in the treasury toward character and good standing before he

the completion of a permanent me- came is evident from the duties that

morial to Capt. Eastman, which, it were imposed upon him prior to the

has been decided, will be in the form settlement. That he afterwards took

of a clock tower, a site for which has a prominent part in all that related to

already been secured and graded, the the public good is shown by the rec-

same being just south of the residence ords of the plantation and of the town,

of the late Cyrus R. Robinson at East It does not appear that he or his asso-

Concord. ciates were men of much school learn-

At the last meeting of the Associa- ing. We do know that while they

tion, held in the Memorial Parish were men of energy, grappling with the

House in Concord, President Samuel difficult problem of subduing the

C. Eastman, who, as has been said, wilderness and making a living out of

declined further service in the posi- the soil, they possessed shrewdness

tion which he has held for several and sound common sense and made

years, in his annual address spoke as their enterprise a complete success,

follows: If you wish to see their monument

^ ^ ^ and the evidence of their labors, look

Remarks of President Eastman around vou today

"We are met here today as mem- "Of these hundred men who came

bers of the Eastman family, descend- here to found a town, Capt. Ebenezer

ants of Roger Eastman of England, Eastman was easily one of the fore-

who came to Salisbury, Mass., in most and a leader. He was called

1638. Most, and perhaps all of us upon for all sorts of duties and evi-

here are direct descendants of Eben- dently -discharged them to the satis-

ezer Eastman, who came to Concord faction of the community. I need not

about 1727 as a pioneer and settler, recount them, as they are narrated in

The object of our meeting is not only the histories of Concord and known

to cultivate and preserve the family to most of you. He was married and

feeling and kinship, but to show re- had a large family, which fact no

spect to the virtues of our forebears, doubt contributed to his success. He

"There is a saying which had its died before he reached the age of

origin so long ago that its paternity is sixty, in spite of the fact that he was a

lost, but which is universally recog- man of great physical vigor. The cir-

nized where orders of nobility and cumstances in which the settlers were

rank are part of the social order — placed were not favorable to the ac-

Noblesse oblige, nobility compels — cumulation of wealth nor the pro-

that is, a person who has noble an- longation of life. But he reached a

cestors is thereby laid under obliga- reasonable maturity and called on no

tions so to conduct himself as to do man for alms and left his sons well

no discredit to those who have pre- started on a similar career.

The Eastman Association

321

"His memory and that of his de-
scendants who have preceded us im-
pose upon us who are placed in easier
and more favorable conditions to
demonstrate that we are not faithless
to the traditions and nobility of the
race. More than that, we ought to
show a great improvement on what
they were and did. With better op-
portunities and good schools we all
surpass Ebenezer in our knowledge of
books. They had few books except
the Bible. Perhaps they were better
acquainted with that than we are at
the present day, and that more inti-
mate acquaintance may have been
the cause of that innate something,
which we call common sense and
which enabled them to come to wise
conclusions.

"Additional obligations are laid
upon us by our superior and inherited
opportunities and we must struggle to
live up to them.

"Selden, an Enghsh author of about
the time when Roger Eastman left
England, says in his book called
'Table Talk,' speaking of the nobility:

"'Some of them were ashamed up-
wards, because their ancestors were
too great. Others were ashamed
downwards, because they were too
little.'

"We do not want to be ashamed
either way, up or down. When we
consider what they did, who ventured
on founding a new plantation, we
cannot be ashamed of them. They
came into the wilderness where only
two things were ready for them, the
grass in the intervale meadows, which
they could 'make into hay to winter
the oxen which Ebenezer brought with
him, and the trees, which they could
fashion into log cabins and burn to
keep them warm in winter. All else
had to be created from the soil by
their labor or brought, over a mere
trail, from other plantations far away.
We cannot sufficiently admire the
energy, the courage and the valor of

men who were capable of such un-
dertakings.

"I hope we have no reason to be
ashamed as we look down. At any
rate, remembering that noblesse oblige,
we must resolutely buckle to the
task, and while we have not to
wrestle with such physical tasks, we
meet the- moral and social problems
of the present day and solve them in
a manner that will cause the coming
generations to say that we are worthy
descendants of a valiant ancestor and
of a worthy race."

Following is the full board of offi-
cers and committees of the Associa-
tion, chosen for the present year:

President, John Eastman Frye,
East Concord.

Vice-presidents, Fred A. Eastman,
West Concord; Mrs. A. W. Sulloway,
Franklin; Fred E. Eastman, Port-
land, Me.; John H. Eastman, Win-
chester, Mass.; George O. Robinson,
East Concord; George P. Hadley,
Goffstown; George Eastman, Roch-
ester, N. Y.; Joseph C: Eastman,
New York City; Charles R. Eastman,
Cambridge, Mass., and Charles E.
Eastman, Hollis.

Secretary, Miss Myla Chamberlin,
West Concord.

Treasurer, Josiah E. Fernald, Con-
cord.

Executive Committee, Henry E.
Chamberlin, Concord; Mrs. C. R.
Robinson, East Concord; Mrs. W. H.
Alexander, Concord; Mrs. Maud E.
Challis, Concord; Miss A. M. Cham-
berlin, Cambridge, Mass.; Miss Ada
M. Aspinwall, Concord; Clinton S.
Eastman, Cumberland Mills, Me.:
Miss Mary E. Alexander, Concord.

Finance Committee, Samuel C.
Eastman, Concord; Josiah Eastman
Fernald, Concord, and Mrs. Edgar D.
Eastman, West Concord.

Memorial Committee, Samuel C.
Eastman and Josiah E. Fernald, Con-
cord, and Mrs. Cyrus R. Robinson,
East Concord.

322 The Granite Monthly

THERE ARE NO MISTAKES

By Sarah Fuller Bickford Hafey

We oft hear the saying, a saying quite old,
That some are born handsome and others have gold;
And silver and gold spoons are e'er in their clasp.
While others are glad to find pewter to grasp.

To whom hath the most, doth the most seem to go.
While others drag onward, while hoeing their row;
But sometimes, by shocks and hard knocks, they awake.
And wonder if Providence makes a mistake?

But there are no blunders, all things are correct.

And supremely ordered, by the Great Elect;

And "Heaven helps those, who themselves, help," 'tis said,

So carefully work, while you'r making your bed!

ANSWERED

By L. Adelaide Sherman

"Tell me," said a maiden fair.
With a wealth of sunny hair,
"What is sweetest of all things
That the life of woman brings?"
Then another maiden, blushing.
And her heart's glad tumult hushing.
Spake: "The hand-clasp and the bliss
Of first love's all-yielding kiss."

But a matron, standing by.
With a smile and with a sigh.
Clasped her babe unto her breast;
Softly murmured, "This is best!
Nothing brings us such a blessing
As our children's dear caressing;
Mother-love is best, is best.
Holier, higher, than the rest."

Then there spake an aged dame.
As the after-glow of flame
Lighted steeple, gilded tower —
"Blessed is the sunset hour
Of a useful life, well-spent;
This shall give you heart's content.
Do your duty, brave and true —
Heaven is near to such as you.
Sister, daughter, friend or wife —
Service glorifies the life."

A DOVER INCIDENT IN THE WAR OF 1812

By Lydia A. Stevens

[Read before the Xorthern Colonist Historical Society, Nov. 14, 1910]

Our second war with Great Britain ports against the legal admission of
was a part of our war of the Rev- goods from abroad, and aided the
olution. The Treaty of Paris left enemy in preventing all save our
weighty matters unsettled.* Another public and private vessels of war from
trial at arms was inevitable. The getting out through the blockade,
uniforms of the rugged Continentals, It was an unwise and impolitic act
proudly featuring the surrender of of Congress — and, infinitely more
Gen. Burgoyne at Saratoga, were not provoking, a profitless attack on
wholly past use when fighting was Canada had left the coast-line com-
renewed, but the heroes who followed pletely undefended by national troops.
Stark and Sullivan were dead or en- British ships of war were at Bermuda
feebled. Still, Dover did its part and Gardener's Bay, and others
in the raising of two thousand New manoeuvred within easy reach of the
Hampshire men for the army and New England coast. Washington had
navy. Once more, Garrison Hill, been burned and Baltimore threat-
Pleasant street, and Silver street ened. Wherever the enemy landed,
echoed to the shrilling fife and rattling they plundered and destroyed,
drum. The "Old Landing" bubbled Congress acted niggardly towards
with enthusiasm. And yet, it is the navy. Singly our ships could
impossible to deny that the war was and did win glorious victories, but
unpopular. The south and west too frequently were forced to avoid
favored it, but a majority of the battle. Portsmouth was at the mercy
people of New England were opposed of the enemy — and the water-way to
— and some even urged a separate Dover was open or little obstructed,
peace. The rich and influential led The people had lived in fear of this
this feeling. The whole forms a sorry peril in older times. After a while
page in our history. the fear grew dim. Now it revived.

Dover had taken part in the Revolu- The prices of all necessities ad-
tion. Dover men had died on every vanced. Many a rich man was
northern battlefield. Dover women, ruined; many a prosperous town ut-
with dry eyes, had sent their fathers, terly prostrated. Property, real and
brothers, husbands and sons to the personal, fell oft" in value. This
front. But the people then were country practically abandoned the
united, the cause was deemed holy, ocean. And we must admit the
As to the impending hostilities, there people of New England were not will-
was no strong, rising sentiment in its ing to suffer unequally for the nation's
favor. Men volunteered freely, but greatness or the nation's honor. But
there was nothing but discontent the New Hampshire dwellers near
among those who remained at home, the tidewater sent no delegates to
This left non-combatants to the the Hartford Convention. Then the
mercy of their apprehensions. No war cloud came very near our little
wonder that lips became pale, and town. The sweep of its fringe actually
ludicrous incidents happened. The touched Dover. The men, women
condition from being critical had and children, who lived on what are
become desperate. But there were now our oldest streets, felt its menace,
reasons better founded for dissatis- Lieut. Col. Commandant Edward
faction. Sise of the Third New Hampshire

The embargo closed all American Regiment, was ordered by Gov. Gil-

324

The Granite Monthly

man to duty at Portsmouth. He was
to accompany his regiment. It was
up against the state to defend itself.

Far and wide, Sise sent out the cry:
"The enemies' cruisers are on our
coast." Capt. Andrew Pierce, a man
of affairs on the river front, assembled
his local company. John Tibbetts,
who rests at Garrison Hill, and John
Trickey, who lies under the sod of the
Dame Farm — Revolutionary soldiers
— drilled the company on the Turn-
pike. The men were of the hardy
stock that built and sailed the Land-
ing schooners. Capt. William Cour-
son increased his company from
Milton, Farmington, and surrounding
towns. Capt. Jacob Dearborn en-
listed men at Somersworth, Rochester
and Barrington, and Dover swelled
the ranks of Capt. John D. Harty's
company. John was a stout-hearted
Landing trader.

It was a mellow September Sunday
of 1814, that the actual call to arms
was received in Dover. Gov. Gilman
had assumed command. The Federal
Government could not be depended
upon. Col. Sise was at morning
service in the Fourth Meeting house,
which stood on the site of the present
First Parish building. Parson Clary
was speaking from the carved pulpit,
directly beneath the ornamented
sounding-board. Through two tiers
of windows the autumn sunlight
streamed over the broad balcony sit-
tings, turned the central aisle — leading
from the pulpit to the opposite door —
into a walk of gold, flooded the pro-
jecting singers' gallery — lingered over
the fenced-in bench, where the deacons
sat with their backs to the pulpit —
glowed on the emerald colored lining
of the Atkinson sittings, and fell
aslant on the old Stephen ^Evans pew.

The pale ministei- paused in his
sermon, as the sexton tiptoed in
from the door on the north east end
and delivered the private summons. _
Every neck was craned for an in-
stant, and quick glances were ex-
changed. The click of the mes-
senger's spurs sounded on the steps.

Retiring hoof beats and a constrained
murmur came from the street. The
minister mumbled incoherent words,
and lapsed into silence. Then the
stillness of the old meeting house was
broken. Filled with vague alarm ^
the worshippers sprang to their feet.
The rising seats crashed.

The news of the Governor's order
soon circulated, and intense ex-
citement prevailed throughout the
town. The wide open space east of
the meeting house, half square, half
parade ground, was crowded with
men, women and children. Faces
paled and furrowed. There was no
more preaching in Dover that Sunday.
Col. Sise sent out expresses ordering
the immediate gathering of his state
companies.

Selectmen, Tobias Tuttle and Nich-
olas Peaslee, both of Back River,
and corpulent Samuel Kimball of
Upper Factory, flew around like
headless fowl. Their associate, Capt.
Andrew Pierce, was with his company.
Dr. Gray, the old Revolutionary
soldier, grammar master, and some
time minister, came down from Wolf-
borough and offered his services as
chaplain.

There are some agitations that not
only stir up whatever is bold and
fearless in hvunan nature, but also
bring out all that is weak and irre-
sponsible. The people felt they had
been abandoned by the general govern-
ment. The sense of this desertion
oppressed them. But no thought of
their own short-comings presented
itself. Domestic interests and every-
day pursuits were suspended. Ec-
centric accentuation of ideas and
words marked ordinary intercourse.
When one spoke, it was the intonation
that was listened to rather than the
words. There were open mouths
that cried out, and open mouths which
were silent. Vague stormy rumors
were heard. The close proximity of
danger stripped off all disguise. No
exhibition of uneasiness differed from
another sufficiently to mark any
personal distinction. All faces were

A Dover Incident in the War of 1812 325

■stamped alike. Their hearts faulted youthful husband across the river

and panic loosened their joints. It from what is now the city farm, so

was the revolt of instinct against that he might answer at Capt. Harty's

inherited courage. roll-call. Old man Andrews, father of

If the women were appalled by the the late Andrews Brothers, sold out

alarm which had been so suddenly his entire stock of powder, lead and

thrust upon the town, men of property flints. Sam. Wiggin sequestered his

shook with anxiety and apprehension, West India goods, and lived a week

and even the bravest were filled with in his cobwebby attic,

annoyance and dread because of the Sun-down brought no relief. In

stern tranquility, steadiness and ir- the streets the clamour had died down;

ritating preoccupation of the soldiery, little by little came darkness. If an

They shrank in horror from licensed aerial observer could have hovered

pillage. Unexpected revelations of over Dover that night, with the wings

character came to light. of a bat and eyes of an owl, naught but

In some instances, the most timid a spectral scene would have presented
felt resolute and the most daring itself below. Through crack of door,
terrified. Gentle, rather bashful Abi- blind and shutter; from gound-floor
gail Atkinson, with a charming little to roof; at the end, on the right, and
impatience in her eyes, took charge on the left, candle-lights gleamed and
of casting bullets and scraping Knt. flickered, but no sound of life, nor
"Oh Lord! Oh Lord!" Grandma'am any sign of habitation besides was in
K. sighed. She was short of breath evidence. No one dared to go to bed.
and shapeless. Two gossips were No one went out. There was nothing
conversing on John Wheeler's door- but terror and stupor in the houses,
steps, when the excited church-goers and from the streets nothing but sharp
broke out into the road. Their eyes command, and the measured tramp of
suddenly became wandering, and many feet — at first faint, then precise,
looked without seeing, and their anon heavy and re-echoing. Children
breathing was audible. Some hap- stammered unintelligible words. The
penings were ludicrous in the ex- agitation deepened to its climax,
treme. The stay-at-homes had no The First Battalion of Artillery,
time to dress. There were men in under Major Edward J. Long, swung
unbuttoned shirts and women in into the town next day, having twenty-
gaping gowns — a pair of shoes in the eight New Durham men in the rank
hands of one man, and a coat and vest and file of Capt. Reuben Hayes' Co.,
under the arms of another — women and there were two in Lieut. Burley's
there were more remarkable for pret- company. New Durham was ir-
tiness than neatness, and other women regular and wide spreading, but the
still more remarkable for the scanti- men always took kindly to guns on
ness of their attire — here a rounded sea and land, and proportionately
shoulder, there a scraggy neck and the meagre town furnished more sol-
sharp elbow — and children and dogs diers than Dover. Lieut. Tash, Ser-
every where in grotesque confusion, geant Nicholas Grace, and Corporal
Black Plato Waldron, afterwards sex- David Durgin were on hand, and on
ton of the First Parish, joined himself the morning following the Governor's
to Capt. Pierce's company, but John order, my maternal grandfather and
Blank, trader for the Parish, was his three swarthy brothers joined the
missing after service. Husky Na- battalion. They said good bye to
hum French, the Landing bully, shut greatgrandmother at the front door of
himself up in his dingy shop. Pretty the. house built one hundred and
Kate Warren, the rich young blood thirty-seven years ago for the first
of her cheeks contrasting with the settled minister in New Durham — the
moisture in her eyes, sculled her house where I was born.

326 The Granite Monthly

Fully equipped, the regiment left He engaged in mercantile pursuits on

Dover for Portsmouth, the third day the Landing, and made several voy-

after notice, and was stationed at ages to the West Indies, as part owner

Fort Washington. Then a heartier and supercargo, and on his last voyage

note altogether prevailed, especially his vessel was captured by the French,

amongst the men. There were no The vessel and cargo were condemned,

more sideglances or irresolute steps — and proved an entire loss to the owners,
the earth no more trembled beneath Col. Sise had received, in part, a

their feet. The selectmen recovered military education in Ireland, and in

their dignity, and authorized ^n ex- this country, and, like a good many

pression of the town's confidence in Irishmen of that day, took an active

Col. Sise., It was engrossed by Mr. part in milit^ary affairs. At Ports-

Wrifford, the well known writing mouth he proved a valuable and

master of that day. Mr. Wrifford efficient officer,
boarded with Capt. Riley. He taught at Pine Hill in 1799- and

Col. Sise was born in Castle Lyons, 1809, and on the Landing in 1807 and

County Cork, Ireland, January 11, 1808. May 10, 1815 he and Tobias

1762. He received a good education in Tuttle opened a school for instruction

the schools of Cork, and soon after ar- in navigation and surveying in the

riving at his majority, he immigrated corner chamber of the little brick store

to the United States, taking up his on the river-front. He died in Dover

residence in Portsmouth in 1784. He July 26, 1842, in the eighty-first year

stayed there but a short time," soon of his age. Very likely, he was the

deciding to make Dover his abiding first educated Irishman to do business

place. Here he lived until his death, on the Landing.

DON'T FORGET

By Hannah B. Merriam

Don't forget that winter is with us.
Bright and shining, cold and bleak,

Bright to those in health and strength.
Cold to those who are worn and weak.

•

Don't forget, in homes of plenty,

Where grates are full and lights ablaze,

Don't forget the cheerless hearthstone
And the city's darkened ways.

Don't forget, beneath your blankets
Soft and downy, warm and sweet,

Don't forget the wornout coverings,
Piled with snow, and soaked with sleet.

Don't forget, wrapped in your flannels,.

Coats that button to the chin,
Don't forget the wornout cottons

That so many shiver in.

Don't forget when filled with plenty.
You at your tables sit and sip.

Don't forget the broken pitcher.
Empty plate and famished lip.

DAVIS SMITH GARRISON

Demolished, 1880, Lubberland Road, Newmarket, N. H.

By B. B. P. Greene

It stood, as a garrison should, on
rising ground, and overlooking Great
Bay; so that, by land or sea, no foe
in birch canoe, or skulking bands
through woodland, could make ap-
proach, while watchfulness was the
word of command at the garrison.
It was built in 1695, doubtless to re-
place the one destroyed by the Indians
in 1694.

The human interest in things past
has outlived the garrison itself, which,
the pity of it, should have been pre-
served. Its foundations were firm
and solid the day of its execution,
when the huge hand-wrought nails
held with tenacious grip to the old
oak beams, clinging to the past,
that lived and died under its low
hung eaves, feeling again the first
blow that sent the great spikes home,
driven to their resting place by one
David Davis, who was the owner and
builder. And a throb of pride it
absorbed from that little family when
safely they gathered about its old
stone hearth in a feeling of security
and comfort, although they and
their neighbors had much to worry
about, for the Indians had left a mark
so deadly in 1694) that soldiers were
sent to guard and range the woods in
watch for signs of trouble.

In August, 1696, David Davis was
killed not far from the strong portals
of his home. After his death soldiers
were stationed at this block-house,
and other garrisons were guarded in
the same way. Men were detailed
to patrol this zone that had felt to the
uttermost the dreadfulness of In-
dian warfare. Later the wife and
children of David Davis left this place,
so filled with horrors, and the widow's
son built a garrison at Packer's Falls.

Joseph Smith was born in 1640.
When twenty years of age he received

a "grant" and also bought land at
Oyster River (Durham). Joseph was
a Quaker, and not inclined to fight,
but he owned a garrison-house, feeling
that this "preparedness" was a most
effective weapon for peace. And
Joseph also had in his oldest boy
John, a son who stood for the acme of
efficiency. With courage and keen-
ness he learned to fight his own bat-
tles all through life. We doubt if his'
father, being a Quaker, might not
have been one of the "parents" who
objected to this rule presented as
early as 1645. It was ordered that
" The youth from ten to sixteen years,
should be instructed upon y^ usual
dayes in y exerci e of armes, as
small guns, halfe pike, bows and ar-
rows, provided the parents do not
object."

July 17, 1695, was the daj^ of the
attack at Oyster River by Indians,
when so many garrisons were de-
stroyed. This one of Joseph Smith's
stood through the fight; and no
doubt this son (twenty-five years old,
and holding the title of Captain)
with his dauntless courage helped
more than any other, in its preserva-
tion. And just one month before he
had brought home to his father's
house Susannah Chesley — a June
bride — so that all his hopes, and all
his love were sheltered inside its
staunch old walls during that fright-
ful battle. Susannah was undoubt-
edl}^ a helpmate in every sense of the
word, for she came of a brave and
fearless race. Her father, Captain
Thomas Chesley, was known to have
much skill in the methods of Indian
warfare, but it availed him little on
November 15, 1697, when he was
slain by the Indians near Johnson's
Creek.

After the death of David Davis and

328

The Granite Monthly

the - removal of his family to the
Packer's Falls Garrison, Captain John
Smith became the owner of the Lub-
berland Garrison, and took his wife
and baby to this new home on the
shore of " Esquamscott, " which was
the musical name the Indians had
given Great Bay.

From this time we seem to know
more of the doings and beings in and
about the garrison. The Smiths,
father and sons, were hospitable, and
this new home saw merry, peaceful,
glad as well as the saddest sort of
times, before this family deserted the
old fortress. For long years after
they settled in this house, the dread
danger of redmen hung over them.

In 1702 history speaks of Hilton's
scout being "Between John Smith's
at Lubberland on the north, and
Pickpocket on the south." But hands
and brain being busy doing what there
was to do, left no time for any fearful
outlook. If danger came their way,
'twas met bravely, and when past, was
gone.

Captain John Smith started his
business life as a land surveyor, but
became a rich man, owning all the land
starting at the foot of the great hill
where Grummet's Creek flows on its
way and enters into Great Bay,
through all the crooked road you
follow that runs up and down along
the shore. Stand upon one of its
Mlltops, and look back from the way
you have come after Jack Frost in the
night has touched, and the sun with
his blazing palette has turned the green
to crimson and gold, along the sur-
rounding shores. With their vivid
tints against the blue of sky and water
it would be hard to find a more perfect
view. And Captain John owned
about four miles of this pictured view,
which would take you to the mouth
of the Lamprey River.

From the doorway of the garrison,
on Lubberland Road, Great Bay
swept in its widest curve before you,
with Newington's shore across where
the waters narrowed on their way
to Little Bay. The garrison stood

where now the highway runs over a
corner of its buried cellar.

While living here Captain John
did an extensive lumber business.
The axes rang where stood the
somber pine and hemlock, and where
flamed the maple and the russet oak.
His saw-mills stood at both the first
and second falls of the Lamprey
River. Groaning all day they ran
up and down "Gate-saws" which they
used in those old days, pushed by the
power of the water and a " feed-wheel."

A hale and hearty man was this
father, with his garrison house open
to all with generous freedom, and the
best of everything the times could
give. The old fire-place seemed to
gleam with hospitality. When in
fear of Indians, it was headquarters
for the military men, and a refuge for
the neighbors. At such times the
rule of all garrisons was, that the
living and expenses for defense were
to be shared by all that were housed
beneath its roof.

We read of children being baptized
at the garrison. Fortune favored the
babe born in a warm month, for
winter and the chill in the water
seemed to make no difference when it
came to the saving of their tiny, in-
nocent souls. Too cold to cry — no
wonder they went in such numbers, so
young, to meet their Saviour.
"Believing" parents, would usually
present a baby for baptism the Sun-
day after its birth, and if born on
Sunday, they were sometimes bap-
tised the day of their birth.

As only the toughest lived, we
suppose they must have given us our
New England inheritance of endur-
ance; for courage and endurance were
two requisites indispensable to life
in those days, and it onty left the
fittest to survive.

Attendance at church on cold
Sundays showed both these heroic
virtues to some extent. With a
Bible and a gun, they carried little
pierced, handled tin boxes, in which
were iron trays filled with coals from
some generous fire-place that stood

Davis-Smith Garrison 329

not far from the cold meeting house, in a cemetery where the raih'oad

This box warmed their feet, and the station now stands,

minister kept warm a body whose Some years before being torn down,

mind was lashed and stung with his this brick house was purchased by a

pictured words. second great-grandson of Colonel

But it really was a perfect life to Joseph's. This man lived there a

live. From the spring time (as the number of years. He also bought

oak leaves reached the size of the ear at one time a part of the "Lubber-

of a mouse) when they planted their land" estate, and had the "Old

€orn, on to the golden harvest, was all Garrison" demolished in 1880, which

in the day's work — the .time to fish came into his possession with the other

in the blue waters of the bay, and property purchased,

with their old fowling piece to bring Samuel, the third son, received the

down the wild duck. Beasts and western part of the "Homestead

birds in the wild woods there were in plantation," as it was called, he being

plenty. Oysters to be taken from one of the three younger sons, among

their beds, and at the ebbing of the whom this property was divided,

tide they dug their clams. And after The "Homestead, " which was the

the harvest came the most glorious "Garrison," was on the middle por-

month of all the year, before the tion.

winter settled down— when over the Benjamin, the fourth son, was

earth lay the frosty brown of fall, given the eastern part of the " Home-

And Captain John lived here,— stead plantation" of two hundred and

Where whispering winds made music eighty acres. He also owned a farm

As they frohcked with waves on the bay: and built his home where the road

Or when winter's blast, and the howl of its turns to "Durham Bridge" (New-

^^^i^^^> , ,. , ^,^, ,^ market). In an old map of 1800, this

Krrd\tVre':teytu"t'„°uftE£; bridge is called " Picked Rock Bridge "

While blazing logs gave out their Ught; and this rock plainly shows itself

With apples red and hickory nuts, when the water has been drawn from

And cider that sparkled in pewter cups; the river.

They let the wild winds romp on their way, »+ +i,-^ i««^ t3^ •«^- ^i^^ u,,;u

{Without one wish for a longer stay) ^^^^'^ .Pl^ce Benjamm also built

As they go for a rampage with waves on the a mill (said to have stood where the

bay. Newmarket Manufacturing Co.'s

With love and duty, and work and play, "Planer" now stands). He was a

?hrt'l7rXi;2r„r-tS^yrday.- ^» »/ -»? . ^P^^ance; hew the

title of Captain, and had the honor
And here it was that Captain John to serve when at the age of seventy
died in 1774; Susanna, his wife, follow- years, as one of the "Committee of
ing him two years later. Before he Safety" in the time of the Revolu-
died, he gave to each son some part of tionary War. He married Jemima,
his estate, so that each received a daughter of Deacon Edward Hall,
substantial farm. The eldest son, and died at the age of eighty-two.
John, was given land between Crom- His son Edward married the daughter
met's Creek (Durham) and the of Walter Bryant, called "King's
"Homestead plantation." (The Surveyor." This man lived and died,
homestead and its plantation was at the age of ninety-seven, in New-
divided between the three youngest market. His home stood opposite
sons) Joseph the second son, a tract "Number Four Mill, "but was moved
of land at the first falls of the Lam- in 1870, and now stands on the south
prey River, and Joseph built the three side, and in the rear of the building
story brick house which was torn on the corner of Church and Main
down to make room for the present Streets. The home of his son-in-law
Catholic Church. He was buried (Edward Smith) was a square house

330

The Granite Monthly

of Colonial build, still standing on the
north side of Central Street. When
built it was in the old "Bryant gar-
den." Both these men were buried
in the family burying ground, where
now is High vStreet.

We seem, with these men, to have
wandered away from the old "Gar-
rison," but through the son of this
Edward Smith (Walter Byrant Smith),
who was born in 1774, have come some
things that awakened thoughts of the
old building; worn mementos that
have been in the hands of those that
lived there. One, a pair of quaint old
shoes made of leather, but in the style
of the present rubber overshoe, with
the drop heel (only these are without
the back of the heel) not as in a sandal,
for the hollow heel is there, seemingly
made to fit as an overshoe, over a
small boot or slipper. Tradition says
they came through hands that might,
while sitting on the door-sill of the
garrison, have tied in little bows their
old tape strings.

Where the dirt and dust of ages had
collected between the wide old boards
of the garrison floor was found a "Pine-
Tree" three pence, commonly called
a "thripence"; well worn, but the
lettering, and the date 1652, with the
rude marking of a pine tree, are easily
to be seen.

A pair of silver shoe l)uckles care-
fully kept for long years, are supposed
to have belonged to Benjamin, the
fourth son. (Although Benjamin
lived in the garrison, he might not
have sported the buckles until later.)

An old rusty jackknife was found
in the cellar of the old building not
long before it was destroyed. It has
a horn handle, mounted in brass, and
on the conventional scroll of the
mount there is engraved the word
"Liberty." Was the lettering of
that word to mean that it was made in
the time of America's Independence,
and did "it belong to one of the sons
of Ebenezer? John and Ebenezer
Jr. were young men at that time (but
neither married until after the war).
They lived in the garrison, for

Ebenezer their father was the young-
est son of Captain John, and he, re-
ceived the "Middle portion" of the
"Homestead plantation" which in-
cluded the "Old Garrison."

History sa^-s that Deacon Ebenezer
was a man of great worth, but like his
brethren, somewhat troubled with
"pride of kin."

Across from the garrison, half way
down the long slope of green field that
borders Great Bay, stand two slate
stones — all that are left to mark the
resting place of the many that were
buried here. One upstanding, well
made stone, is in memory of Mr. John
Smith 4th — the eldest son of Eben-
ezer; the other, somewhat larger, has
cut in its face a very drooping, weep-
ing willow tree, and underneath is
this inscription:

In
Memory of

Ebenezer Smith Esq.

Born June 6 1712
Died Jan. 25 1764

Blessed are the dead
who die in the Lord
from hencefourth yea
saith the Spirit, that
they may rest from their
labours and their works
do follow them.

This grave of Captain John's young-
est son, lies under the sod given him by
his father as "The middle portion";
and all these years its large slate stone
has stood face to the Garrison. But
the small "Foot-stone" — with the let-
ters E. S. Esq. — has fallen from where
it faced the ebbing and the flowing of
the waters to and from the sea.

When Deacon Ebenezer died, it left
the widow and her children alone in
this garrison home. But, not for long,
for, in the brave days of old, people
seemed more often to put their sor-
rows behind them. So before the
next year's spring came slowly up this
way, she married Major George Frost.
He was the son of a sister of Sir Wil-
liam Pepperell. Both the bride and
groom being prominent people, the
wedding was an affair of importance.

What Will Next Thanksgiving Bring

331

]Major Frost took his bride to Rye,
N. H., where they made their home for
six years. Then in 1770 they re-
turned to the garrison to Uve, and
Major Frost died there in 1796.

In following the fortunes of the
garrison we find that, when Mrs.
(Ebenezer Smith) Frost died in 1816 —
one hundred years ago — she gave the
garrison with thirty-two acres of land
to her daughter Margaret (by her first
husband). This daughter had mar-
ried, in 1781, a minister. She was his
second wife, and he was thirteen years
older than she — a very scholarly man
— but tradition says he had a most un-
holy temper, and was decidedly peev-
ish in his home life.

The cause we know not, but this
poor unhappy lady became insane.
The reverend gentleman had built a
home in Durham (after passing
through many hands it stands re-

modeled as "Red Towers"), but after
his wife's mind became broken, the
garrison was used as her prison house
until she died. After that the build-
ing passed from the family.

With all its troul^lous career, and the
tragedies of its youth and age, yet the
old place saw long years of peace and
happiness. Its need as a garrison was
past and gone long before it was de-
serted.

The Indian roamed no more; his pride was

dead,
And old ambitions all were in their grave.
Little remnants of their blood
That called this Continent their own
Are atoms drifting here and there.
With dwindhng bands maybe on lands
That in the old time yesterdays
Were roamed by some ancestral tribe.
And this fertile meadow might
Have grown the pumpkin and the maize,
Whose seed the red men undisturbed
Had scattered here, where on the shore
Of Esquamscott they lived and died.

WHAT WILL NEXT THANKSGIVING BRING

By Agnes Mayrilla Locke

Time is gliding swiftly by us

With commingled joy and tears;
And our hopes are being buried

In the tide of passing years.
Once again has come Thanksgiving,

And the sleigh bells gaily ring;
Once again we ask in mystery

What will next Thanksgiving bring!

Let us in imagination

Wander back to years ago,
When our noble Pilgrim Fathers

Battled with the crafty foe.
Bleak and desolate the picture

As they gathered there to pray
In the wilds of old New England,

On that first Thanksgiving day.

With the bleak winds blowing round them,

'Mid the wild beasts' angiy roar;
With the war-whoop of the savage

Sounding shrill from shore to shore;

332 ' The Granite Monthly

Forgetting cold and bitter hardships,
Filled with gratitude were they;

And they raised to God their voices
On that first Thanksgiving day.

Quite a contrast to the present —

Now, to firesides bright and warm.
Homeward gather all the family.

Through the sunshine or the storm.
Once again the merry children

Make with mirth the homestead ring,
But there's something whispers sadly

"What will next Thanksgiving bring."

Death will darken many a household

In the year that's coming now:
Here a father, there a mother

With the death-mist on their brow;
Here a sister, there a brother,

As you stand beside their bed
Something says that next Thanksgiving

They'll be numbered with the dead.

And when you must go and leave them.

How it wrings the aching heart
As the last farewell is spoken

And in sadness you depart.
Still the one you little dreamed of

May be called the first away,
And in Heaven wait the dawning

Of the next Thanksgiving day.

If our future's gay with roses,

Or bedewed with bitter tears;
If heartaches and disappointments

Telling tales of coming woe,
Let each sleeping grief remain so,

What's to be, will be, you know.

And we cannot know the future
So whatever be our lot;

Let us strive to bear it bravely;
Let the dark side be forgot.

246 Broad St., Claremont, N. H.

TIMOTHY

Back in a New Hampshire hill
town there lives an artist, by name, —
well, Timothy Lambe is as good as
any other.

I call him artist without his consent
or knowledge. He is w^holly un-
conscious that the title is so fre^y
bestowed, and I suspect that if 'he
knew he would laugh; a quiet laugh
to be sure, more with his eyes than
lips and voice, and I can imagine him
answering, "An artist? How so?"
"Why not," I say, "What are you
then?" "I'm — I'm — not much of
anything," and as he says it slowly,
the smile dies, and his voice is somber,
— grey in tone. "You're talking
nonsense," I say, "or trying your
hand at sarcasm," for I know that he
is thinking of his crippled legs that
need stout crutches to help them on
their slow and labored journey up and
down the village street, and it is not
good for a man with maimed body to
say that he is " not much of anything."

But I would hardly have convinced
him; and, off-hand, you too would
think it a strange name for old
Timothy. But what shall we call a
man who persists in creating out of
the rough materials at his feet, and
with the few tools at his hand, a bit
of the truly beautiful. To be sure, I
had known Timothy all my life as
just one of the many, until I grew to
know and admire him as an individual,
and had never before felt the necessity
for a name; to say, he is this, — or
that, — but, as I start to write of him,
the need arises, and with it the sudden
understanding that, in truth, I am
telling of an artist.

We are led into strange lands when
we venture to find and point out the
origin of an underlying characteristic
in a friend. It is often unprofitable as
well. After all, it did not matter how
Timothy came to love the beautiful
with so fine and deep a devotion. It
was there within him, as firmly im-

planted as the splendid elm that grew
at his door. Certain it was, that the
accident that had twisted his legs and
made them all but useless, served to
swiftly concentrate and focus this love
on that which was within his now sud-
denly narrowed reach, and had caused
it to be strongly reflected in a single
and definite desire — to make his
town, the street before him, the roads
that led in and out of the center, and,
in fact, all that he could reach out and
touch, more beautiful than it had
ever been before. But, however it
came into being, it was his great wish
to not only keep intact the beauty of
the quiet tree covered street, the old
white houses, and flowers in door-
yards, and the church, whose grace-
ful spire rose shining-white, above
the green branches; to save all this
which was his and his neighbors' in-
heritance, from a careless, blindly
destructive spirit that often seemed
to be growing up about his town, but
to do more; to create something of
beauty that had not before existed;
to make a flower grow and bloom for
the glory and good of his town and
neighbors on the spot where sand and
nettles were breeding a stolid ac-
ceptance of the shoddy, the plain, and
the downright ugly. It was toward
the accomplishment of this end that
Timothy had worked, indirectly I
suspect, during all his life, but directly
and with increasing effort ever since
the whining mill for a bri^f moment
had caught and put its ineffaceable
mark upon him, some forty years ago.
Not by strength of argument, that
served to wear down and break op-
position, or by sheer force of mind, did
he carry forward his work. That was
not his way, and I wish that I could
draw a picture of Timothy, the man,
that it might be clearer. If I say that
he was quiet, as a deep pool in the
Salford River is quiet, it is perhaps no
more than to say that he was a cripple

334 The Granite Monthly

who lived alone. But Timothy loved of the stretch of village street that was

quietness. The summer evening, when the center and very heart of the town,

the light slowly and reluctantly gave Then, in these later years, I would go

way to darkness, was the best of the down after supper, move another

whole day to him, and of the long year chair out on the grass, and sit and

as well. Then, too, he was a great talk, or smoke with him in silence,

friend (the word brother, expresses Neighbors would stop for a moment on

it better to me), of men and of women their way home from getting the

and children; finding a lifting joy in evening mail. A word or two would

his belief that to each of his neighbors be spoken and then they would pass

he should give nothing, if the gift .on, taking with them however, yet

could not be for their own greater unconscious of it all, the thing Timo-

pleasure or good; and before all else, thy had to give, the germ of a new

he was an untiring creator of material idea, a hint of a new outlook on the

beauty. simple life about them, or, which was

I did not of course know, until some to Timothy best of all, a thought

years ago, Timothy's occupation, or .which in the end would make toward

guess at the depth of character that the improvement of some detail in the

lay quietly hidden beneath the com- look, and general appearance of their

monplace ' clothes; — centered some- town.

where deep within the big boned frame " How'd your lilacs do this spring?"

that still showed a trace of its natural Timothy said on one of these evenings

strength and vigor, or the sincerity of by way of greeting, as Harmon Stiles

the few low-spoken words that often turned in from the sidewalk to where

fell into the venacular. I did not we sat.

understand any clearer than did his "Pretty good, I guess."

neighbors. To me, he was a man of "I missed seein' 'em this year," said

Salford; distinguished from a score of Timothy, "they bloomed durin' my

others perhaps, but only because he bad spell."

was a cripple to whom everyone Harmon was silent,

seemed to show kindness — a kindness "They're mighty beautiful,"

that was kept free from pity. There Timothy went on as if to himself,

was too, I half realized, something of "Worth goin' miles to see." Then

a vague admiration in their relations after a pause, "I wonder you don't

with this man, a secret admiration, take some cuttin's and plant 'em down

hidden from themselves even, so that by the front fence."

it only showed itself in a seeming will- "Hadn't thought much about it."

ingness to listen when he talked, smile Timothy waited again,

when he smiled, and an unconscious "A whole row of 'em would look

following when he gently led. pretty nice there, sort of set off the

But I was fortunate, and I grew to house as you come up the street. "

know Timothy. Perhaps I had gone Harmon shifted his bag of sugar to

to him on a little different basis than the other arm.

the rest, touching in a blind way a "Might look sorter nice, — dunno

responsive chord, or, all unwittingly, but what it would," he said. "Well,

had given something which he chose — I must be movin'. Good night,

to pay for in unrestricted friendship, Timothy,

or it may have been but a matter of "Good night, Harmon."

good fortune. That was all.

Thi'ough the long, quiet summer My next visit was long delayed,

evenings, Timoth}^ would sit out under but as I walked up from the depot

his trees, that spread their branches I saw just inside of Harmon's front

so like a canopy over the door-yard, fence, a row of new lilac shoots that

and from his vantage point take stock were sending out their first leaves in

Timothy

335

promise of the splendid mass of green
that would someday break and soften
the rigor of the box-like house.

And so it went on, year after year.
Fifty years! A lifetime of work at a
task that would never be completed.
When Timothy and I talked about it
he would often say, laying emphasis
on each word, yet, as was his habit,
never raising his voice-, ''There's so
much to do," and adding "Why! we
haven't gone more'n a few rods on the
road yet, — have we?" The journey
he made was of miles, not rods, but
after all it is a way that can never be
measured. As well as I have known
him, he nevier recounted the results
attained. A brief mention, perhaps,
as we talked of this person or the other,
because his work was very real to him
and very near during the long hours
when he must sit alone with only his
thoughts, but nothing more. He did
not even take credit for having done
those things which he surely must
have remembered clearly. To him,
it was not his own doing, but some-
thing good that Sam, or Harmon, or
Lucy Pratt had decided was for the
best. He believed that it was truly
they who, at heart, wanted to see
lilacs growing and blossoming in their
yards, or a clean fresh stretch of road-
side grass, and it was because they
themselves liked the old fashioned
panes in their church windows, that
they finally voted to decline with
thanks, the stained glass of varying
hues that a summer visitor had offered
them as a gift.

I know the history of those windows
however, and while my faith in the
judgment of the people of Salford is
always strong, yet I saw the results
that came of subtle leading and direct-
ing. The delicately guiding hand
had touched in sympathy and rare
understanding on the arms of a hun-
dred friends and neighbors, and I
could see clearly its imprint as these
stories came to me.

From the time when George Mel-
cher suddenly took hammer in hand,
and rudely ripped off the multitude

of advertising signs that had served
as a tin and pasteboard covering for
the old clapboards of his store, to the
comparatively recent date when Dea-
con Holmes' son, newly married, had
decided that after all, white paint on his
house would probably last longer than '
the flaming yellow that his wife had
chosen in Manchester — through the
years that slipped by so noiselessly,
I found many such recurring hints of
an influence that had been exerted as
if by chance, yet strangely enough, at
the precise moment when it was to be
most felt.

As Salford was no more than an
average town, with its strange pattern
woven of the individual lives and
characters of its people, there were
times when Timothy found situations
that could not be solved by any means
at his command. The New Eng-
lander of the north country is not wax,
to be shaped at will, and there were
more than a few such firmly implanted
ledges as was old Sarah Bellows, who
at last cut down her spreading elm
that, she said, had rotted her shingles
for too many years already, and
Ed Cutter, who stood staunch and
firm against any suggestion that he
move his venerable dump heap from
the edge of the town hall fence. But
failures such as these were expected by
Timothy because, after all, he was
dealing with human beings.

There were times, however, when
he met with a different sense of defeat
that could not be put aside — times
when he felt, with a sense of deep
depression, the rising in his town of a
spirit, a new and quite different spirit,
that he could not understand. While
he talked of it but seldom, yet I am
sure that it was often in his mind;
the thought of it lying as a cloud that
moves to shut the sun from a field
that was bright and shining-green the
hour before. Then he suddenly
seemed to be an old man, crippled,
helpless in his chair, and lonely.

"Is it the young people, — just
growin' up?" he asked.

" I don't know, " was all I could say.

336

The Granite Monthly

"Don't it make any difference so
long's they raise money for that
shoeshop?"

He waited, as if hoping I would say
that it wasn't the new generation.

"Perhaps I'm just gettin' old."

"It's not that, Timothy," I said.

We talked late that evening of
February, I think, two years ago for
I was to leave Salford the next morn-
ing, and would not be back until mid-
summer. I apoke of having great
faith in the north country people;
faith in their inherent soundness and
strength, and their love for all that
was best in their towns and country-
side. At this Timothy raised his
head; his shoulders straightened, and
he took up my thought and turned it
from a generality into that which was
definite and specific. He told of his
own beliefs as if he wanted to accent,
to reiterate and express them for his
own good. The words came slowly
to his lips, forming themselves with
the apparent effort that is natural to
one little used to analyzing thoughts
and feelings, but his sincerity was
only made more plain, and the broken
sentences and pauses were as marks
emphasizing all that he said.

"I take it we want beauty,- — we all
of us want it deep down. Somethin'
that's good to see,^ — that's simple, like
— well, like a mountain or a 'bit of
fresh breeze on a mighty hot day; —
you kind of see and feel 'em at the
same time. A few flowers like Abbie
Hurd grows in her • yard, — that's
somethin' as folks like us can get hold
of 'n understand. Every time we see
'em we're sorter glad she put 'em
there. — Then take those elms, — we
never talk about 'em, — just take 'em
for granted somehow, but, — we're
better men and women, a sight better.

— just for havin' 'em there all summer
— so green and cool." He reached
forward and touched my arm as he
does when very much in earnest.
"I somehow know for sartin we're
better," he sai-d slowly.

We talked for an hour afterward but
these few simple words had left their
mark, and ever since that evening
they have seemed to repeat themselves
over and over, "We are better men
and women just for having them
there." That's the true worth of
beauty, after all.

Trees, flowers; a house that by its
clear-cut lines and clean white paint
bespeaks the owner's genuiness and
simplicity of thought and life; — all
these are surely good, as Timothy said»
But they are more than that, they
are needed day by day, worthy to be
guarded, cherished, and preserved
as a possession of value, perhaps of
greater value than all else, because
they belong equally to everyone.

Timothy understood all this, and
I know that he felt it deeper than I
did or any of the folks around him,
and he rose to his greatest height and
made his last sacrifice that these
finely spreading and arching elms of
Salford might not be destroyed, but
kept for his townspeople, — his neigh-
bors of today and the men and women
and children of tomorrow. But that
was another year and, — another story.

I have called Timothy an artist
because he was a creator of beauty.
It's a makeshift name at best. He
was more than that, for he was a
friend to many people and a lover of
all that was part and parcel of his
town, and that comes near to making
the finest thing of all, — a good and
true man.

D. 0.

THE TOWN THAT WENT TO SLEEP

By Francis A. Corey

That glorious July moroing a beck-
oning hand seemed to signal to us
from the town that had gone to sleep.
There was allurement in the very
thought of a staid New England town
recklessly shaking off all concern for
the present, all responsibility for the
future, and dozing in the sunshine
like a tired child. This one, as it
happened, lay at our very door. Its
call was irresistible. Expectantly we
climbed a wind-swept height, followed
an old road down through a winding
ravine, crossed a brawling stream,
and were at the boundary line.

Hills upon hills. All so green and
beautiful there was no sense of weari-
ness as we mounted higher and higher.
Great trees, arching gracefully over
the road, afforded grateful shade.
The leaves rustled gently in the soft
breeze as if whispering a tender wel-
come. The whole world might have
been taking a siesta, the silence was
so profound. And yet, pricking
through the stillness, were low, sweet,
drowsy notes:— the chirp of crickets,
the hum of bees, the sleepy warbling
of birds in thickets along the way.
Surely we had stumbled upon the
land "where sabbaths have no end."
How entrancing the hush brooding
over sunny, southward-sloping
pastures. The few kine lazily brows-
sing the short, sweet grass, were like
stalking phantoms. Involuntarily
we took a second look to assura our-
selves they were real, they seemed so
foreign to the place silence has
.claimed for her very own.

Half way up the hill still stands
the little red schoolhouse of long ago.
What a melancholy picture of neglect
and decay. The roof sags, the win-
dows are broken and shutterless.
Briar and bush encroach upon the
yard where happy children used to
play. And yet Salmon P. Chase,
when a callow youth, wielded here the

teacher's sceptre. Not for long.
Tradition has it that the "big boys,"
after the fashion of those days, made
short shift with him, little dreaming
that they were laying violent hands
on the sacred person of a future gov-
ernor of Ohio and Secretary of the
Treasury of the United States.

Further on, in the green cup of en-
circling hills, nestles an old farmhouse
that has not lost altogether its homely
air of comfort and good cheer. No
smoke spirals ascend from the big
red chimney; and yet we know that
some one who loves it makes frequent
pilgrimages to the charming old
house. Everywhere are evidences of
affectionate care that redeem it from
desolation. There are times when,
for weeks together, the memory-
haunted rooms echo to voices and
happy laughter; then the spell of
this land of silence once again falls
upon it. Peopled or solitary, it is
ever interesting. Scattered about
the rooms, or stored in mysterious
cupboards and closets, are precious
heirlooms that would delight the
heart of the greedy collector. Long
may these treasures remain undis-
turbed to give dignity and charm to
the pleasant old house.

On the crest of the hill we pause
for a long look around. It is not the
beauty of the view that holds us en-
tranced so much as the fancies that
crowd upon us. It was here that a
hardy pioneer built his home in the
long ago. Gone is the rough log
cabin — gone the smart frame house
that succeeded it. But a leaven of
romance keeps the old settler's mem-
ory green. Breed Batchelder was
notable among the men who made
homes in the wild places before this
great republic had its birth. In a com-
munity strongly Whig, he remained
loyal to England's king. There-
fore every man's hand was against

338

The Granite Monthly

him. There came a day when he
was forced to flee for his hfe. For
weeks he hved in a rude cave in the
deep wood only a short distance away.
Tradition says that on one of his
surreptitious visits home he was
surprised by a party of his enemies.
He had no weakhng for a wife. Mrs.
Batchelder met the intruders at the
door with a kettle of boiling water she
had snatched from over the fire and
kept them at bay until her husband
could escape across the field at the
rear of the house. Cave life held too
many hazards to be unduly prolonged,
however. Batchelder fled and joined
the British army. He never returned
to his wife and family.

Right here we leave the highroad
for a little detour to the summit of the
"Pinnacle." It would certainly
be a mistake to journey through the
somnolent town without climbing
its loftiest peak. The view is one-
never to be forgotten. Although
not so extended as that from Mount
Monadnock, lifting its grizzled head
not far away, it has a charm and
beauty all its own. Nature, the
greatest of scenic artists, has wrought
wonderfully well. She has carved
with skillful chisel and dipped her
brush in royal pigments. Low down
in an emerald valley lies the em-
bowered city from which we set forth.
Church spires gleam whitely in the
sunshine. The eye catches en-
trancing glimpses of the Ashuelot
River meandering tranquilly through
a green vale. A line of richer verdure
marks the course of the Connecticut.
And there are hills beyond all com-
putation. Hills rising sharply close
at hand, filling the middle distance,
and far away breaking against loftier
heights like swollen waves of an emer-
ald sea. Over all broods the dreamy
haze of a perfect summer day breath-
ing a benediction on all this loveliness.

And now we are back again at the
point where the highroad was left
behind. What heavenly peace and
quiet is around and about us as the
pilgrimage thi'ough the fragrant woods

is resumed! Only a half hour's drive
to busy, bustling streets; and yet we
seem leagues and leagues away from
the haunts of men. Here and there
a lilac thicket, a tangle of rose bushes,
a broken well-sweep or a lone cellar
hole awakens melancholy thoughts.
Why has this lovely region been given
up to silence and green, growing
things? Where are the people who
lived and loved here in days gone by?

Some lie in the little burial ground
'beside the road. With no shock of
surprise we come abruptly upon it.
Where men have lived, men have
returned to dust. Forest-girdled and
remote, what an ideal resting place
after ''life's fitful fever!" For re-
quiem only the sough of the wind in
the pine trees, the dreamy drone of
insects, the elfin song of the hermit
thrush. When this half acre was set
apart it should have been named
Peace. How weird, and yet how
enchanting it must be of a winter's
night with the moon sailing over the
tree tops, all the boughs creaking,
and grotesque shadows dancing among
the low mounds where the snow lies
inches deep!

Faring eastward from the cemetery
we come upon a square-towered
church standing solitary in a bower of
greenery, as truly alone as a light-
house in the midst of the sea. Spick,
spaii, dazzlingly white, from sill to
pediment it reveals the loving re-
membrance in which it is held. Only
at long intervals in the present gen-
eration, do its walls echo to theo-
logical thunder; but, in palmy days,
men whose names are now on the
lips of the world expounded "doc-
trine" from its pulpit. In this galaxy
is Dr. William DeWitt Hyde, presi-
dent of Bowdoin College, Dr. William
Horace Day, now a popular preacher
on the Pacific Coast, Samuel Franklin
Emerson of the University of Ver-
mont, and Edward Luther Stevenson,
another noted college professor. But
what of the old time communicants?
There are many names on the stones
back in the little burial ground. But

The Town That Went to Sleep

389

tlu\v do not all lie asleep under the
whispering trees. The great world
called and got its full quota.

And the clustered houses that made
lip the embrj^o village of long ago!
Before the town went to sleep here
were happy homes and thriving in-
dustries, the beginnings of a pros-
perous comnuHiity. Where are they
now? Gone, utterly gone; -as though
a big sponge had been brushed across
the landscape wiping it clean of human
habitations. There is a tide in the
affair of towns as well as of men. An
ebb-tide struck the little hamlet,
sweeping it away. And so all its
fields are growing up to woodland,
to briar and bush. Let us bear in
mind, however, that it has partially
fulfilled its mission in giving a few
gifted men to the world. Here was
born Joseph Ames, the celebrated
artist, who became portrait painter
to the Pope of Rome. Professor
Amos Dolbear, physicist, who counted
the magneto-electric telephone among
his many inventions, spent some of
the years of boyhood among these
hills where mind and body had space
and opportunity for free develop-
ment.

Before the town's decadence an air
of chastened gentility hung about
man}^ of its homes. ' One that I have
in mind stood a mile or so eastward
of the church. The boys went forth
early to win their spurs. The charm-
ing girls soon followed — thej^ were
too capable and talented for so con-
tracted a field. Indeed wanderlust was
in the blood, an inheritance from the
father, who went South to teach in
early manhood. When he returned he
brought with him a Southern bride
•who became the mother of his hand-
some children. The tale is current
that the young wife was attended by
a slave girl who had served her as
maid in her sunny home. Of course
the good neighbors were shocked and
scandalized. They could not tolerate
the presence among them of a human
being held in bondage. A hue and
cry arose, and the young mistress

was forced to send the girl l)ack to
her old home.

Within the limits of the township
lies a crystal clear lake that supplies
the little city over the hills with an
abundance of purest water. This
same city has wisely preempted a
large acreage of timberland that will
be to it an asset, as well as a glory,
in time to come. Two or three miles
back along the road by which we came
where the dip is toward the south, a
good quality of granite used to be
quarried from outcropping ledges.
Some of the output went into the
handsome capitol building at Albany.
But alas! few things are stable and
permanent in this world of change.
The granite industry was given over,
perhaps forever, when the town folded
its hands for a long siesta.

With only a dozen and a half voters,
this should be the paradise of the
office seeker. It is so easy for any
respectable man who desires to be
one of the "fathers," to attain his
wish! Civil service gone to seed is
what really prevails. Once firmly
seated in the magisterial chair, an
incumbent holds a life-tenure if so
minded. All honor to the sturdy,
self-sacrificing men, typical New
Englanders,, who now occupy these
positions of trust! They are not self
seekers. They have the best good
of the community too deeply at
heart.

Yes, the little town sleeps! but not
the sleep that knows no awakening.
By and by it will throw off its lethargy,
rub the sand from its eyes, quicken
again into vigorous life. No one
knows when, or in what guise the
change will come. But it is inevit-
able. Already a few city dwellers
have fallen captive to the gracious
wooing of the peaceful hills. Some
day red blood will flow back into old
channels again, the neglected farms
will be tilled, the wild places be made
to blossom as the rose.

Meanwhile manifold are the sweet
enticements of these solitudes.
There are dancing brooks along which

340

The Granite Monthly

one may wander at will, the aromatic
smell of the pines in one's nostrils;
picturesque glades where the coolest
of breezes blow, where ghostly Indian
pipes abound, where the sprawling
partridge vine bears its beautiful
scarlet fruitage; open spaces starred
with flowers — goldenrod. Queen
Anne's lace, the slender, flaming
spikes of the fireweed — and all so al-
luring one feels like taking a day off
just for the delight of stretching one's
self on a carpet more exquisitely
colored than the costliest products
of Oriental loom§.

Beautiful beyond words are these
remote places when the glowing sum-
mer morn trips blushingly over the
hills. The delicious fragrance of
growing things sweetens the soft air,
cobwebs lie thick on the dewy grass —
or are they fragments of priceless lace
thrown there by fairies? — the woods
are vocal with the melodious songg
of birds. So delightful is it all, so
deliciously refreshing, we find our-
selves almost wishing the solitude
might remain unbroken, this virgin
beauty never again be despoiled by
the vandal hand of man.

THE FIRST SNOWSTORM

By Shirley Wilcox Harvey

Dancing in the bare tree-branches,
Sweeping lightly down the vale,

Silver white with haunting shadows,
Comes the first snow on the trail.

Stealing through the woodland pathways.
Whispering in the fallen leaves.

Bringing silence to the caverns

Where the rock-torn north wind grieves,

Flits the snow, like fairy fingers
Weaving from the grey sky-loom

Glistening, diamond wraiths that hover
Lightly through the forest gloom.

THE ONE CLEAR NOTE

By Amy J. Dolloff

The sky is grey, the earth is chill.

Deep silence broods o'er vale and hill.
But hark! A pure note cleaves the air

And all the world is bright and fair.
The song of oriole clear and true

Doth summer warmth and charm renew.

My sky is overcast and drear.

No sound night's emptiness doth cheer.
Yet listen! One dear voice is heard

That breathes of all the sweetest word.
It whispers "Love!" While this is mine

The full-orbed stars in beauty shine.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

B}- a typograpliical error in the Necrology
Department of the last issue of the Granite
Monthly, the date of the birth of the late E.
Fred Aldrich, son of Judge Edgar Aldrich,
was given as June 9, 1873, instead of 1878, as
should have been.

BENJAMIN F. CLARK:

Benjamin F. Clark, who died, October 2,
1916, at his home in Maiden, Mass., although
not a native of New Hampshire, or a resident
at the time of his death, was essentially a
New Hampshire man, m that most of his
active life was passed in this state.

Born in Townsend, Mass., seventy-three
years ago, he served in the Fifteenth Massa-
chusetts Infantry in the Civil War, until
shot in the right eye at the battle of Antietam,
and discharged for disabihty. He lived in
East Boston till 1872, when he removed to
Conway, N. H., where he took charge of the
B. F. Sturtevant Blower Works, remainmg
for nearly thirty years, during which time he
organized a waterworks company, and elec-
tric light company, and was president of the
Conway Savings Bank. He also served two
terms in the New Hampshire House of Rep-
resentatives.

The recurrence of trouble from the wound
received in the war compelled his retirement,
some years ago, when he removed to Maiden.
He was a Mason and a member of the G. A. R.

BENJAMIN H. CORNING
Benjamin H. Corning, for many years past
a prominent citizen of Littleton, died at his
home in that town November 7, 1916, after a
long illness.

He was born in Litchfield July 15, 1855,
son of Nathaniel and Mary (McMurphy)
Corning and was educated in the schools of
that town and Manchester. He learned the
Machinist trade in the Manchester Locomo-
tive Works, and was in the employ of the
Grand Trunk R. R. at Gorham for several
years, removing thence to Groveton, where
he engaged in business, and served as post-
master under President Lincoln. He was ap-
pointed Sheriff of Coos County by Gov. Smyth
in 1866 and served four years. Meanwhile he
became interested in railroad work under the
management of the late President John E.
Lyon, with whom he was associated in the ex-
tension of the White Mountains system, remov-
ing to Lancaster, where he remained till 1882,
when he took up his residence in Littleton,
which was ever after his home. From 1880
to 1884 he was superintendent of the White
Mountain Division. In 1884 he was elected
-sheriff of Grafton County, under the amended
Constitution, serving till 1889. In 1885
he established a general insurance agency

which did a large and constantly increasing
business. From 1898 to the time of his death
he was referee in bankruptcy for the northern
district of the state.

, Mr. Corning was a Republican in poUtics,
and served as moderator in Littleton for
many years. He was prominent in general
public affairs and served as president of the
Littleton Musical Association, the Littleton
Driving Association and the Water and
Electric Light Company.

Mr. Corning married, July 1, 1874, Martha
A. Massure of Dalton, who died in Littleton
March 15, 1897. Two years later he married
again, AUce Tuttle Moffett, daughter of the
late Dr. Charles M. Tuttle and widow of Dr.
Frank Moffett, by whom he is survived, as
also by a daughter, Nellie, now Mrs. Mclntire
of Concord.

DR. GEORGE F. MUNSEY

George F. Munsey, M. D., a well known
physician of Suncook, died at his home in
that village, November 26, 1916, after an
illness of about two months.

He was a native of Beverly, Mass., born
February 5, 1855, and was educated at Pitts-
field Academy, Bridgewater, Mass., State
Normal School, Maine Medical School, and
Dartmouth College Medical School, gradua-
ting from the latter in 1878.

He commenced practice at Greenville,
remaining there fourteen years and removed
to Suncook twenty-three years ago. He was
prominent in Odd Fellowship, Masonry and
the Grange and attended the Suncook Baptist
Church. He is survived by a wife, and two
daughters, Mrs. Phihp Crane of Middlebury,
Vt., and Miss Bertha A. Munsey, a member
of the faculty of Pembroke Academy.

KATE T. PIPER -
Miss Kate T. Piper, born in Sanbornton
December 4, 1867, died in New Hampton
November 15, 1916.

Miss Piper, who removed with her widowed
mother toNew Hampton when five years of
age, was reared, educated and ever after re-
sided in New Hampton, graduating from the
famous Literary Institution there in 1890,
after which she engaged for a time in teaching.
She was intensely loyal to both town and
school. She was an enthusiastic promoter of
the Town Improvemeot Society and the Old
Home Day Association, and much of the suc-
cess of the latter was due to her energy and
perseverance. As one of the earliest members
of the Grange she was active for many years.
At the time of her death, as for many years
previous, she was a regular member of the
Sunday school, a corporator of the Gordon-
Nash Library and a member of the Executive

342

The Granite Monthly

Committee of the Boston N. H. L. I. Alumni
Association. To all of these interests she gave
willing and unstinted service and her loss
will be deeply mourned by a wide circle of
friends, and the pubUc at large.

EDWARD PAYSON NICHOLS

Edward Payson Nichols, for many years
a citizen of Lexington, Mass., and a retired
manufacturer, died October 24, in his home,
21 Oak Street, East Lexington. He was born
in Kingston, N. H., March 8, 1835, was grad-
uated from Wilhams College in 1861, and for
twelve years was principal'of Plattsburg (N. Y.)
Academy and Cortland Academy and instruc-
tor at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute.

After giving up teaching, Mr. Nichols en-
gaged in manufacturing. In 1886 he became
associated with his brother in the manage-
ment of the Dwight Manufacturing Company,
and the Great Falls Manufacturing Company,
leading New England cotton mills. In 1900
he was made treasurer of the last-named com-
pany and for fourteen years managed its ex-
tensive business. Two years ago he retired
from active business, remaining a director of
the company. He was succeeded as treasurer
by his son, Howard S. O. Nichols.

In 1888 he made his home in Lexington,
Mass. He had been a member of the school
committee, president of the Lexington His-
torical Society and first president of the
Lexington Home for Aged People. He was
prominent in the Hancock Congregational
Church, where he was superintendent of the
Sunday school and first president of the
Men's Club of the church.

In 1870 he married Miss Emma Ostrom
of Syracuse, N. Y. She and two daughters.
Miss Emma O. Nichols and Miss Margaret
O. Nichols, and two sons Howard S. O.
Nichols, and Ernest O. Nichols, all of Lexing-
ton, survive him.

HOLM AN A. DREW

Holman A. Drew, son of the late Amos
W. and Esther Lovering Drew, born in
Stewartstown, August 27, 1857, died in Berlin,
November 14, 1916.

He was educated at Colebrook Academy
and Dartmouth College, graduating from
the IStter in 1883. lie studied law with
Drew, Jordon & Carpenter in Lancaster and
then went to Omaha, Neb., where he was
admitted to the bar and practiced law until
1888. Returning to New Hampshire he em-
barked in the hardware business in Colebrook.

Originally a Democrat, he broke away from
that party in the 1896 defection, along with his
brother, Maj. Irving "V\'. Drew, of Lancaster,
and many others, and became a staunch Re-
publican. He held the officeof sheriff of Coos
County at the time of his death, and for many
years previous, and had gained a high repu-
tation for efficient service. He came into
wide prominence in connection with the
famous case of Harry K. Thaw, whom he had

in personal custody for many months. He
removed from Colebrook to Berlin several
years since.

In Masonry, Mr. Drew had attained high
honors, including the grand mastership of his
state. He was a member of Eastern Star
Lodge, A. F. & A. M , No. 37, of Colebrook,
North Star Royal Arch Chapter, No. 16, of
Lancaster, North Star Council, No. 13,
Royal Select Masters of Colebrook, North
Star Commandery, Knights Templar of
Lancaster, and New Hampshire Consistory,
32 degree, A. A. S. R. M., Valley of Nashua.

On April 22, 1892, Mr. Drew married Miss
Mary Bedell of Colebrook, who survives him.

HON. GEORGE E. BALES

George Edward Bales, son of Charles A.
and Florence M. (Hardy) Bales, born in
Wilton September 14, 1862, died at his home-
in that town November 9, 1916.

Judge Bales was educated in the public
schools of Wilton, in Francestown Academy
and PhilHps Exeter Academy, from which he
graduated with the class of 1883. From
Exeter he went to Harvard College, spendmg
there the year 1883-84. He then matricu-
lated at Boston University Law School,
graduating in 1888. For a time he was in
the law office of J. Q. A. Brackett of Bos-
ton preparing himself for his future work.
In July, 1888, he was admitted to the bar and
shortly after' began his practice in Wilton.

In poUtics he was a Democrat, of high stand-
ing in his party.

He had served as town treasurer, collector of
taxes and member of the school board from
1885 to 1892. He was a trustee of the public
library at his death; town moderator for over
twenty-five years and at the last election was
chosen for 'another term. He was police
judge in Wilton, aiid then appointed, in 1912,
justice of the district police court by Governor
Felker. In 1914, he was again appointed
municipal judge of Wilton by Governor
Spaulding. He was elected representative
to the general court in 1895. and in 1897 was
the party's candidate for speaker of the house,
thus becoming his party's leader on the floor,
and was the only Democrat on the judiciary
committee during that session.

He was a delegate in the National Demo-
cratic Convention in 1896, and had also
served in the State Constitutional Conven-
tion. June 30, 1899, he was appointed a
member of the state forestry commission
and served one term; was reappointed but
later resigned to become a member of the
board of railroad commissioners on January
1, 1904, of which body he was a member until
it was replaced by tlie present public service
commission. He was a member of the party
of railroad commissioners of the United
States that visited the far West and Mexico
and w(M-e entertained in Mexico City by the
president of the Mexican Republic, Gen. Por-
firio Diaz.

New Hamyskire Necrology

343

This year he was nominated as the Demo-
cratic candidate for the state senate from the
twelfth district and, though defeated, far
outran his ticket. He was treasurer of the
Wilton Savings Bank; trustee of the Granite
Savings Bank of Milford, being appointed in
January, 1907; director of the Souhegan
National Bank of Milford from May 8, 1911,
to his death. He was senior member of the
law firm of Bales & Cheever of Wilton, which
handled an extensive practice and a large
insm-ance business; was president of the
Wilton Telephone Company, and . for years
actively interested in the New Oak Park
fair of Greenfield. He became a member of
the Liberal Christian Unitarian Church of
Wilton in 1889 and for the past ten years was
a member of its business committee. He was
a member of the Derrj^field Club of Manches-
ter, the New Hampshire Bar Association,
and the Exeter and Boston University Alumni
associations.

In Masonry he had attained great eminence
and was elected, in May of this j'^ear, grand
master of the Grand Lodge of New Hampshire.

October 6, 1889, he married' Abbie M.
French of Wilton, and began a happy mai'ried
life which was brought to an end by the death
of his wife last year. He leaves a daughter,
Mrs. Herbert H. Archibald of Wilton; a haK
sister. Miss Bessie F. Bales of Wilton; a half
brother, Harold C. Bales of South Deerfield,
Mass.; and a stepmother, Mrs. Charles A.
Bales of Wilton.

HON. M. V. B. CLARK

Hon. Martin Van Buren Clark, ex-mayor
of Keene, and overseer of the poor in that
city at the time of his death, died there,
December 3, 1916.

He was born in Ludlow, Vt., Augu-st 19,
1841, was educated in the common schools,
worked in grocery stores in Rutland and
CuttingsviUe, Vt., and removed to Keene
forty-four years ago, where he was engaged
in the grocery business for a quarter of a
century or more. After service in the com-
mon council he was elected mayor of Keene
in 1907, and served four years. He was
afterwards a representative in the general
court.

Mr. Clark served in the Kith \'ermont
Regiment in the Civil War and was wovmded
at Gettysburg. He was a past commander of
the G. A. R., and also the treasurer of Social
Friends Lodge, A. F. and A. M., and other
Masonic bodies. He was a member of
Beaver Brook Lodge, I. O. O. F., having
served in all the offices. He was also a mem-
ber of the Rebekahs, and the Knights of
Pythias. He was elected overseer of the
poor last winter. He is survived by a widow,
who was Mary Ellen Scovell, a daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Scovell, also two daugh-
ters, Mrs. Ellen EHzabeth Thompson of
Helena, Mont., and Mrs. Lena A. Levey of
Ludlow, Vt.

MAJ. CHARLES W. WHIPPLE

Major Charles WiUiam Whipple, U. S. A.,
retired, died at Summit, N. J., on October
18, 1916. He was born on September 28,
1846, in the old Warner House, one of the
historic mansions of Poi'tsmouth, N. H., and
was the son of Maj.-Gen. Amiel W. Whipple,
U. S. A., West Point 1841. When his father
was in command of the defences of Washing-
ton during the early part of the Civil War,
Major Whipple was constantly in the com-
pany of President Lincohi, who, when visit-
ing the outer fortifications, would call him
and his brother to where he sat and amuse
them by telling them stories. He frequently
went in the field with his father, and was
several times under fire. After his father's
death from womids received at the Ijattle of
Chancellorsville, President Lincoln gave him
a personal appointment to West Point, where
he graduated in 1868. On June 15, 1868, he
was commissioned as second Ueutenant in the
3rd Ai'tillerjr, and for many years was engaged
in exploration work in the south-western part
of the United States, with the Wheeler sur-
vey. In 1874 he graduated from the Ai'til-
lery School. On July 19, 1875, he was com-
missioned as first Ueutenant in the Ordnance •
Department and was identified during the
remainder of his Ufe with that branch of the
.service. He was commissioned captain on
May 9, 1885.

At the outbreak of the war with Spain he
was commissioned as inspector general with
rank of heutenant-colonel of volunteers in
the expedition which sailed for the Phihp-
pines under General Merritt in August, 1898.
He arrived in Manila just after the surrender
of the city by the Spaniards and before
the outbreak of the PhiUppine insurrection.
During the early part of the insurrection he
had charge of all the ordnance for the Ameri-
cans who were besieged and under fire in the
city of Manila, where he contracted the illness
which eventually resulted in his death.
Ruined in health he was brought back to the
United States and was retired for disabihty
incident to active service with the rank of
major in the regular army, in the spring of
1901.

He came of distinguished ancestry. His
maternal grandfather was Col. John N. Sher-
burne, who commanded a regiment in the
War of 1812. Through his mother he was
descended from Gov. Thomas Dudley of
Massachusetts Colony, from Gov. Theoph-
ilus Eaton of New Haven Colony, from
Gov. John Wentworth of New Hampshire
Colony, from Col. Wilham Pepperrell, father
of Maj.-Gen. Sir WilUam Pepperrell, Bart.,
who captured Louisburg from the French,
and from other men prominent in the history
of this country. One of his ancestors, Capt.
John Blunt, .steered the boat in which Wash-
inton crossed the Delaware.

On April 3, 1877, he was married to Jose-
phine Katherine Jones, daughter of Walter

344 • The Granite Monthly

R. T. Jones of New York City, and a grand- William Whipple of Cinclaire, La. ; Sherburne

daughter of Rear-Admiral Theodorus Bailey, Whipple, captain in the 9th U. S. Infantry,

second in command under Admiral Farragut now on the Mexican border; Annette Bailey,

at the capture of New Orleans. Major married to Arthur Morris Collens of Hartford,

Whipple leaves a widow and his five children : Conn.; and Eleanor Sherburne, married to

Walter Jones Whipple of New York City; Francis R. Stoddard. Jr., of New York City.

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Owing to notice received from the printers that an increase of about fifty per
cent in the cost of production necessitates a corresponding charge to the pub-
hsher, henceforth, the latter is brought face to face with the alternatives of
increasing the subscription price of the Granite Monthly, reducing the
amount of matter presented, or suspending publication.

The magazine has been published at a financial loss from the start. The
subscription list being necessarily limited, but for the publication of occasional
articles for which payment has been made by those interested, or extra copies
purchased, it could not have been continued. The publisher dislikes exceed-
ingly to suspend, and does not feel that an increase in the subscription price
would be expedient. He has, therefore, decided that for the coming year the
number of pages in the volume, altogether, will be reduced from the usual 384,
or 32 per month, to 288, altogether, or 24 per month, and that the same will
be issued in either monthly, bi-monthly or quarterly instalments, as circum-
stances may require.

It is hoped that this arrangement will prove satisfactory to the subscribers
who have faithfully supported the Granite Monthly in the past, as the only
magazine in the State devoted to its history, biography and material progress,
and that their support will be continued during the period of "stress" under
which many interests are suffering, and which has forced not a few publications
to the wall.

Subscribers in arrears are once more requested to examine the dates upon their
address labels and bring the same up to 1917. Unless this is done before the end
of January, all such bills will be placed for collection at the rate of $1.50 per year,
as advertised.

Bound volumes of the Granite Monthly for 1916 will be ready for sale
or exchange on or before January 30, 1917.

WANTED

Anyone having a copy of Volume Thirteen of the Granite Monthly,
for 1890, or the unbound numbers thereof, and willing to sell the same, to
communicate at once with this office. The publisher desires to secure one or
more copies of this volume.