Presented to the
LIBRARY of the
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
by
ONTARIO LEGISLATIVE
LIBRARY
GREAT BRITAIN
IN THE CORONATION YEAR
rn^rv
GREAT "f* \ » <• IX
THE CO RON i VAN
'ING A HISTORICAL
tPERI'AL MAJESTIE^ M .
\RY TOGETHER UTM
.ERICAL NOBLE NA\
.RSONAGES ATTENDAN
^1) PORTRAITS FR<>
BY I i
ALLI ••* - •» i -Mi i HI)
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56634
GREAT BRITAIN IN
THE CORONATION YEAR
BEING A HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE CROWNING OF THEIR
IMPERIAL MAJESTIES KING GEORGE THE FIFTH AND QUEEN
MARY TOGETHER WITH A CHRONICLE OF THE VARIOUS
CLERICAL NOBLE NAVAL MILITARY DIPLOMATIC AND CIVIL
PERSONAGES ATTENDANT THEREAT ILLUSTRATED BY SCENES
AND PORTRAITS FROM CONTEMPORARY PHOTOGRAPHS
BY J HOGARTH MILNE
0NTARIO
56624
LONDON
W H ALLEN & COMPANY LIMITED
69 WATLING STREET EC
PRINTED BY
THE LONDON & NORWICH PRESS, LD.
LONDON & NORWICH
'.
' .5-'
PREFACE
F I ^HIS volume, which has been in preparation for a considerable time,
-*• has now reached completion. Its purpose is primarily to present
a permanent picture of the Coronation ceremonials, and to hand down an
official record of all those whose status and importance in the service of His
Imperial Majesty accorded them the high privilege of being associated, in
a greater or lesser degree, with the various ceremonies at home and abroad.
The Church and the State, the Navy and the Army, the Diplomatic, the
Civil and the other Services under the Crown are chronicled, in their full
and authentic order.
In the second and biographical section of the book, an endeavour has
been made to gather together a list of some of the representative men in the
Mother Country and in the Dominions Overseas, and to give, from original
sources, a more or less brief account of their various services and rewards ;
while some space has been devoted, in the supplementary chapters, to those
captains of industry whose intellect and enterprise still form, as in the days
of their Elizabethan predecessors, the stay and backbone of our Empire.
Neither labour nor expense has been spared in order to present the volume
as a final and authentic account of a great Imperial event, and it is the
publishers' hope that it may be found not unworthy of an honourable place
among the annals of the Empire.
There is no need here to elaborate the high significance and historic
value of the Ceremonial. Other Kings and other Queens have been crowned
at Westminster, but, when we look down the dim corridors of history and
there crowd upon us the stately shadows of the past, it is safe to say that
never before have the grey walls of the Abbey held so varied and noble an
assemblage, nor witnessed a ceremony so pregnant with the romance of
Empire. The sacred spot where, nigh a thousand years ago, Norman William
knelt to receive the English Crown, is now the nucleus of those controlling
influences which govern the mightiest Empire the world has ever seen ; and not
Saxon and Celt alone, but from East to West a myriad tongties and races
around the globe take up the acclamation, " God Save King George ! "
' The tumult and the shouting dies ;
The captains and the kings depart :
Still stands Thine ancient sacrifice
An humble and a contrite heart.
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet
Lest we forget — lest we forget ! "
Rndyard Killing-
, JUNE, 1914.
LIST OF CONTENTS
PART I
THE CORONATION OF KINO GEORGE V
PACK
I. THE CROWNING IN THE ABBEY ... ... 3
II. THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY ... ... ... ... 60
III. THE NAVAL REVIEW AT SPITHEAD 79
IV. THE VISIT TO INDIA ... 85
V. THE THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S CATHEDRAL 117
PART II
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
I. GREAT BRITAIN ... ... ... 129-155
II. BRITISH INDIA AND CEYLON ... ... 157-227
III. THE FAR EAST — THE STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, THE FEDERATED
MALAY STATES AND HONG KONG ... 229-241
IV. AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND ... ... 243-246
V. SOUTH AFRICA ... ... ... ... 247-269
VI. CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND ... ... ... ... 271-337
VII. THE WEST INDIES, BERMUDA AND SOUTH AMERICA ... 339-357
VIII. MALTA AND EGYPT ... ... ... ... ... ... 359-366
LIST OF CONTENTS (continued)
SUPPLEMENT
PACK
MESSRS. G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS ... 369-375
"THE SPHERE" AND "THE TATLER" 375-j8i
MESSRS. RAPHAEL TUCK & SONS, I,D 381-387
MESSRS. WILLIAMS & NORGATK 387-391
THE BRITISH UXIOX FOR THE ABOLITION OF VIVISECTION ... 393-398
THE NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY ... 398-400
THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS 401-408
THE BOY SCOUT IN 1911 ... 408-417
CANADA'S GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY SYSTEM ... 419-4^5
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY 4-25-434
MESSRS. J. & J. COLMAN, LD. 434-44'
MESSRS. J. S. FRY & SONS, LD ... 441-445
MESSRS. CHARLES LANCASTER & CO., LD. ... ... 445-447
MESSRS. J. LYONS & CO., LD ... 447-449
MESSRS. JAMES 1'URDEY & SONS ... ... 450-453
MESSRS. MARSHALL, SONS & Co., 1,1) 454
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
IN PART I
PAGE
THEIR MAJESTIES THE KING AND QUEEN Frontispiece
THE GUARDS LEAVING BUCKINGHAM PALACE 4
T.R.H. PRINCE GEORGE, PRINCE ALBERT, PRINCESS MARY, THE PRINCE OF WALES,
AND PRINCE HENRY 9
THEIR MAJESTIES LEAVING BUCKINGHAM PALACE IN THE STATE COACH 1 1
VIEW ALONG THE MALL 14
PASSING THROUGH THE ADMIRALTY ARCH 16
NEARING THE ABBEY 18
THE ARRIVAL AT THE ABBEY 20
THE KING'S COLOUR 29
THE ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY AND OF YORK 41
OFFICERS OF THE KING'S BODYGUARD OF THE YEOMEN OF THE GUARD 44
THE KING AND QUEEN WITHIN THE ABBEY 46
THE CORONATION CHAIR 4§
THE KING'S IMPERIAL CROWN ... 5°
THE QUEEN'S NEW CROWN ... 5°
THE KING'S THRONE 5°
THE QUEEN'S THRONE 5°
THEIR MAJESTIES RETURNING FROM THE ABBEY 52
THE RETURN BY WAY OF PICCADILLY 54
THE RETURN OF THEIR MAJESTIES TO BUCKINGHAM PALACE 55
ON THE BALCONY AT THE PALACE 57
AT TEMPLE BAR 61
PASSING DOWN FLEET STREET ... 64
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (continued}
PAGE
THEIR MAJESTIES AT LUDGATE CIRCUS 67
CROSSING LONDON BRIDGE 69
THEIR MAJESTIES IN .SOUTH LONDON 71
THE RT. HON. THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON (ign), SIR T. VEZEY STRONG 72
THE vSCENE AT ST. GEORGE'S CIRCUS 73
PASSING OVER WESTMINSTER BRIDGE 75
RETURN TO BUCKINGHAM PALACE 76
THE ROYAL YACHT So
THE ROYAL YACHT PASSING DOWN THE LINES Si
MEN OP THE HINDUSTAN CHEERING THE KING 82
THEIR IMPERIAL MAJESTIES WITH THEIR SUITE, AND THE OFFICERS OF THE MEDINA 86
THE MEDINA LEAVING PORTSMOUTH 87
ON BOARD THE MEDINA. AT PORT SAID 88
ON BOARD THE MEDINA AT ADEN 88
PROCEEDING FROM THE STATION AT DELHI 9o
THE STATE ENTRY INTO DELHI g,
H.H. THE NIZAM OP HYDERABAD AND SUITE 93
GENERAL VIEW OF THE AMPHITHEATRE AND THE SHAMIANA ... 94
THEIR MAJESTIES ARRIVING FOR THE DURBAR CEREMONY 97
THEIR MAJESTIES CROWNED 98
THE KING-EMPEROR'S BODYGUARD Ioo
THE YOUNG PRINCES ATTENDANT ON THEIR MAJESTIES AT THE DURBAR K,o
MAJOR-GEN. H.H. SIR PRATAP SINGH OF IDAR IOI
THEIR MAJESTIES STANDING BEFORE THEIR THRONES IN THE SHAMIANA 102
THE KING AND QUEEN SHOWING THEMSELVES TO THE PEOPLE BELOW THE FORT 104
THE REVIEW BY HIS MAJESTY IO4
LUNCH IN THE JUNGLE ' Io6
LEAVING CAMP FOR THE SHOOT Io8
PAGEANT PROCESSION AT CALCUTTA IO9
THE KING-EMPEROR AND THE VICEROY PROCEEDING TO THE REVIEW
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (continued)
PAGE
AT CALCUTTA II2
THE DEPARTURE FROM BOMBAY II2
THE KING-EMPEROR'S CUP RACE AT CAI.CT'TTA m
THE LANDING AT PORTSMOUTH II4
THEIR MAJESTIES' RETURN TO LONDON 115
THEIR MAJESTIES AT .SAINT PAUL'S CATHEDRAL 118
THE BISHOP OP LONDON ... J2o
THE RT. HON. THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON (1912) SIR THOJIAS BOOR CROSBY ... 122
THE LADY MAYORESS 124
SHERIFF BRIGGS 125
SHERIFF HANSON 126
PUBLISHERS NOTE
7~~* OR their kind assistance in connection with the illustration of this
Jr
volume, the publishers specially desire to record their thanks and
indebtedness to The London Stereoscopic Co., Ld., Messrs. Elliott & Fry, Ld.,
The Sphere and Taller, Ld., The Central News, Ld., Messrs. Maull & Fox,
Messrs. Lafayette, Ld., Messrs. Miles & Kaye, and to various other firms
who have kindly granted permission for the reproduction of a number of
copyright portraits and photographs in its pages.
PART I
THE CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
CHAPTER I
THE
CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
Sirs, I here present unto you King George, the undoubted King of this Realm :
Wherefore all of you who are come this day to do your homage and
service, are you willing to do the same ?
A TENDED by every auspicious circumstance, and surrounded by
a noble assemblage representing every part of his Empire,
King George the Fifth was, on Thursday, the twenty-second of
June, one thousand nine hundred and eleven, crowned King of Great
Britain and Ireland, and the Dominions beyond the Seas, after a
ceremony unique for its beauty, impressiveness, and symbolic pageantry.
********
When the Royal Standard was unfurled on Buckingham Palace shortly
before seven o'clock, large crowds had already assembled along the Mall
and in Whitehall. Over the parks, the dawn had come grey and cold, and
some rain showers had fallen, but through the night, many thousands had
kept vigil in the streets and squares. In St. James's Park alone over 1,500
persons found sleeping-places beneath the trees, and at 2 a.m. Trafalgar
Square and its environs were already crowded with people. Throughout
the night vehicular traffic was incessant, and both railways and tramways
poured into the open spaces the vast population of the suburbs. From
seven o'clock onwards there came a steady flow of troops, of which about
45,000 of all ranks lined the route. Life Guards, Dragoons, Infantry of
the Line, followed by Naval and Indian detachments and the various Overseas
contingents, all swung into position with ordered precision.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Already the bells of the churches were ringing joyously, and the boom
of the King's first salute awakened the tardier sleepers in the parks. In front
of the forecourt of the Palace, some two hundred of the Chelsea Pensioners,
in their bright scarlet paletots, were seated. Here were also the Army
Nursing Sisters, many of them wearing medals on their cloaks. Standing
at attention at the foot of the monument erected in memory of the Great
THE GUARDS LEAVING BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
Queen, for whom nearly all of them had fought, was a Guard of Honour of
the Native Officers of the Indian contingents. Towards the right of the
Palace was grouped the Guard of Honour furnished by the Colonial troops,
while between an interval in the ranks was a posse of Boy Scouts, the youngest
of our national military institutions. By eight o'clock the whole space
before the King's Palace was filled with troops, and not a vacant place was
to be seen on any of the numerous grand stands along the route.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Between eight and nine o'clock the Guards of Honour and the Staff of
Lord Kitchener, Field-Marshal in Command of the Troops, and the Processional
Escorts arrived. Lord Kitchener himself, mounted on a magnificent
charger, passed down the line and was loudly cheered, and, following him,
the Duke of Connaught rode up to the Palace with his staff.
The first procession was now marshalled in the Palace courtyard, and
at 9.30 the trumpeters sounded a fanfare, and the fourteen state landaus
containing the Representatives of the Powers filed out, led by a Staff Officer
and the Band and Escort of the ist Life Guards, while the troops came to
the salute. The following is the list of carriages with their occupants :—
THE FIRST PROCESSION.
ROYAL REPRESENTATIVES, ROYAL GUESTS, AND OTHER REPRESENTATIVES.
An Officer of the War Office Staff.
Lieutenant-Colonel F. W. Kerr, D.S.O.
Trumpeters of the ist Life Guards.
Squadron of the ist Life Guards.
Band of the ist Life Guards.
The First Division of the Captain's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
First Carriage.
Dejasmatch Kassa of Ethiopia.
His Highness Prince Mohamed Ali Pasha, of Egypt.
His Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Monaco.
Second Carriage.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
His Highness Duke Ernst Gunther of Schleswig-Holstein.
His Highness Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg.
His Highness Prince Tsai Chen of China.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Third Carnage.
His Royal Highness Duke Ernest Augustus of Brunswick and I^uneburg.
His Royal Highness Prince Philip of Saxe-Coburg.
His Grand Ducal Highness Prince Maximilian of Baden.
Her Royal Highness Princess Maximilian of Baden.
Fourth Carnage.
His Royal Highness Prince George of Greece (Son of the Crown Prince).
His Royal Highness Prince George of Greece.
Her Royal Highness Princess George of Greece.
His Royal Highness Duke George William of Brunswick and L,uneburg.
Fifth Carriage.
His Highness Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Saxe-Coburg.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Saxe-Coburg.
Her Royal Highness Princess Frederick Charles of Hesse.
Sixth Carriage.
Her Royal Highness the Hereditary Princess of Saxe-Meiningen.
His Royal Highness Prince Johann George of Saxony.
Her Royal Highness Princess Johann George of Saxony.
His Royal Highness the Prince of the Netherlands (Duke of Mecklenburg).
Seventh Carriage.
The Hon. John Hays Hammond (Representative of the President of the
United States of America).
Vice- Admiral Fauques de Jonquieres (Representative of the French Republic).
His Royal Highness the Duke Albrecht of Wurtemberg.
His Royal Highness Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria.
6
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Eighth Carnage.
His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
Her Royal Highness the Grand Duchesss of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Prussia.
Ninth Carriage.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Prince Danilo of Montenegro.
Her Royal Highness Princess Militza of Montenegro.
His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Hesse.
Her Royal Highness the Grand Duchess of Hesse.
Tenth Carriage.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Sweden.
Her Royal Highness the Crown Princess of Sweden.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Bulgaria.
His Royal Highness Prince Chakrabhongs of Pitsanulok, Heir Presumptive
of Siam.
Eleventh Carriage.
His Royal Highness the Prince of Roumania.
Her Royal Highness the Princess of Roumania.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Prince Alexander of Servia.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Denmark.
Twelfth Carriage.
His Imperial Highness the Prince Higashi-Fushimi of Japan.
Her Imperial Highness the Princess Higashi-Fushimi of Japan.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Greece.
Her Royal Highness the Crown Princess of Greece.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Thirteenth Carriage.
His Royal Highness the Duke d'Aosta of Italy.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess d'Aosta of Italy.
His Royal Highness the Infante Don Fernando of Spain.
His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovitch.
Fourteenth Carriage.
His Imperial and Royal Highness the German Crown Prince.
Her Imperial and Royal Highness the German Crown Princess.
His Imperial Highness the Hereditary Prince Youssouf Izzedin Effendi of
Turkey.
His Imperial and Royal Highness the Archduke Charles Francis Joseph.
The Second Division of the Captain's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
At ten o'clock, to the strains of the National Anthem, the second part
of the Royal Procession left the Palace and passed slowly along the Mall
on its way to the Abbey. It consisted of five state landaus, the first four
containing members of the Royal Family, and the fifth the Prince of Wales
in his Garter robes, and Princess Mary, with the little Princes George, Henry,
and Albert, the whole led by a Captain's Escort of Royal Horse Guards.
The sight of the five Royal children, the emblems of future hope for England,
evoked a great burst of cheering, and man, woman, and child welcomed them
with genuine emotion.
The following is the list of carriages with their occupants : —
THE SECOND PROCESSION.
THE ROYAI, FAMILY.
The Advance point of the Captain's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The First Division of the Captain's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Fifteenth Carriage.
His Highness Prince Alexander of Battenberg.
Her Serene Highness the Duchess of Teck.
Her Highness the Princess Marie L,ouise of Schleswig-Holstein.
Her Highness the Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein.
T.R.H. PRINCE GEORGE, PRINCE ALBERT, PRINCESS MARY, THE PRINCE OP WAIVES,
AND PRINCE HENRY.
Sixteenth Carriage.
Her Highness Princess Maud.
Her Highness Princess Alexandra.
Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess L,ouis of Battenberg.
Her Royal Highness Princess Alice, Princess Alexander of Teck.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Seventeenth Carriage.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Victoria Patricia of Connaught and
Strathearn.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Albany.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn.
Her Imperial and Royal Highness the Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and
Gotha (Duchess of Edinburgh).
Eighteenth Carriage.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-
Holstein.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal.
Nineteenth Carriage.
His Royal Highness Prince George.
His Royal Highness Prince Henry.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Mary.
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, K.G.
The Second Division of the Captain's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
Meantime the third procession, that of the King and the Queen, was
being marshalled in the Mall and upon Constitution Hill. Beneath the
archway of the Palace the wonderful golden State Coach, drawn by the famous
eight Hanoverian cream horses, with trappings of blue and gold, was drawn
up. At 10.25 the Royal Trumpeters sounded a fanfare, and to the strains
of the National Anthem and the booming of the saluting guns in Hyde Park,
Their Majesties passed into the Processional Road. 'The King wore his
Cap of State edged with miniver, and a crimson cloak with a shoulder lapel
of the same fur ; the Queen, a regal dress of deep ivory satin with gold
embroidery. Their reception along the route was strikingly enthusiastic.
With great shouts of welcome, the vast crowds gave expression to their
10
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
pent-up feelings of loyalty, and the sun, which had all the morning been
obscured, now broke through the clouds to complete the brilliance of this
wonderful pageant of colour. Thus the great State Coach went slowly
down the centre of the Mall, passed through the Admiralty Arch into Whitehall,
where the crowds and cheering were even more enthusiastic, and so through
Parliament Square to the Abbey, where a new Annexe had been erected
near the western entrance for their reception.
THEIR MAJESTIES LEAVING BUCKINGHAM PALACE IX THE STATE COACH.
The order of the Royal Procession was as follows :—
THE THIRD PROCESSION.
THEIR MAJESTIES THE KING AND THE QUEEN.
The Advance point of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The King's Barge-Master and 12 Watermen.
ii
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Twentieth Carriage.
W. H. E. Campbell, Esq., Page of Honour.
A. E. Lowther, Esq., Page of Honour.
Captain Sir W. D. S. Campbell, K.C.V.O., Groom in Waiting.
Hon. Venetia Baring, Maid of Honour.
Twenty-first Carriage.
Lt.-Col. the Rt. Hon. Sir W. H. P. Carington, K.C.V.O., C.B. (P.C.), the Keeper
of the Privy Purse.
Lt.-Col. the Rt. Hon. Sir A. J. Bigge, G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K.C.S.I., K.C.M.G.,
I.S.O. (P.C.), Private Secretary to the King.
Hon. Sybil Brodrick, Maid of Honour.
Lady Eva Dugdale, Woman of the Bedchamber.
Twenty-second Carnage.
The Earl of Shaftesbury, K.C.V.O., the Lord Chamberlain to the Queen.
Admiral Sir M. Culme-Seymour, Bt., G.C.B., G.C.V.O., Vice-Admiral of the
United Kingdom.
The Lord Annaly, C.V.O., Lord in Waiting.
The Duke of Buccleuch, K.G., K.T. (P.C.), the Captain-General of the Royal
Archer Guard of Scotland and Gold Stick of Scotland.
Twenty-third Carriage.
The Earl Spencer (P.C.), the Lord Chamberlain of the Household.
The Earl of Chesterfield (P.C.), the Lord Steward of the Household.
The Countess of Minto, Lady in Waiting.
The Duchess of Devonshire, Mistress of the Robes.
THE KING'S INDIAN ORDERLY OFFICERS AND OFFICER IN CHARGE.
Risaldar Major Subadar Major Risaldar Major Major L. C.
Abdul Karim Khan Muhammad Ismail. Malik Sher Bahadur Jones.
Sadar Bahadur. Khan.
12
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
AIDES-DE-CAMP TO THE KING.
VOLUNTEER AND TERRITORIAL FORCE AIDES-DE-CAMP.
Col. Sir R. D. Moncrieffe, Bt. Col. F. Goodwin, C.I.E. Col. H. A. Barclay,
C.V.O.
Col. Hon. H. G. I,. Col. W. K. Mitford, Col. J. Stevenson, C.B.
Crichton. C.M.G.
MILITIA AND SPECIAL RESERVE AIDES-DE-CAMP.
Col. Sir H. Col. W. Col. G. O'Calla- Col. J. B. Le Col. W. G.
Munro, Bt. Cooke-Collis, ghan-Westropp Mottee. Wood-Martin.
C.M.G.
REGULAR FORCES AIDES-DE-CAMP.
Col. G. T. Bt.-Col. W. C. G. Col. O. S. W. Col. J.E. Gough, Col. H. G.
Forestier- Heneker, D.S.O. Nugent, D.S.O. V.C., C.M.G. Fitton, D.S.O.
Walker.
Brig.-Gen. Col. Col. Bt.-Col. Brig.-Gen. W. R.
H. D'U. Keary, H. V. Cowan, P. A. Kenna, H. E. Stanton, Birdwood,
D.S.O. C.V.O., C.B. V.C., D.S.O. D.S.O. C.S.I., C.I.E.,
D.S.O.
NAVAL AND MARINE AIDES-DE-CAMP.
Col. J. H. Bor, Capt. M. E. Capt. H. I,. Capt. Hon. Capt. A. H.
C.M.G. Browning, Heath, M.V.O. S. A. Gough- Christian,
M.V.O. Calthorpe, C.V.O. M.V.O.
Aide-de-Camp General. First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp.
Maj.-Gen. J. S. Ewart, C.B. Admiral Sir L,. A. Beaumont,
K.C.B., K.C.M.G.
GENERAI, OFFICERS COMMANDING-IN-CHIEF.
U.-Gen. Sir B. M. Lt.-Gen. Sir W. H. Gen. Sir L. J. Oliphant,
Hamilton, K.C.B. Mackinnon, K.C.B., C.V.O. K.C.V.O., C.B.
The Inspector-General of the Oversea The Inspector-General of the
Forces. Forces.
Gen. Sir I. S. M. Hamilton, G.C.B., Gen. Sir J. P. D. French, G.C.B.,
D.S.O. G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G.
13
rik*.
VIEW ALONG THE MALL.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Field-Marshal
Sir H. E. Wood, V.C.,
G.C.B., G.C.M.G.
FIELD-MARSHALS .
Field-Marshal the
Lord Grenfell, G.C.B.,
G.C.M.G. (P.C.}.
Field-Marshal the Earl
Roberts, V.C., K.G., K.P.,
G.C.B., O.M., G.C.S.I.,
G.C.I.E. (P.C.}.
Maj.-Gen.
C. F. N. Macready, G. V. Kemball,
WAR OFFICK STAFF.
Brig. -Gen. Brig. -Gen. F. Maj.-Gen.
Rainsford-Hatmay. A. J. Murray,
C.B.
Surg.-Gen.
W. L. Gubbins,
C.B., M.V.O.
Lt.-Gen.
Sir H. S. G. Miles,
K.C.B., C.V.O.
C.B., D.S.O. C.V.O. , C.B., D.S.O.
Maj.-Gen. R. Pringle, Maj.-Gen. Lt.-Gen.
C.B., D.S.O. J. S. Cowans, M.V.O. Sir A. S. Wynne,
K.C.B.
ARMY COUNCIL.
Maj.-Gen.
C. F. Hadden,
K.C.B.
Field-Marshal Sir W. G.
Nicholson, G.C.B.,
A.D.C.-General.
His MAJESTY'S MARSHALMEN.
25 Yeomen of the Guard (to walk to the Abbey only, in ranks of four, and be
relieved by 25 more for the return route).
EQUERRIES TO THE KING.
Lt.-Col. A. B. Haig,
C.V.O., C.M.G.
Bt.-Col. H. vStreatfeild,
M.V.O.
Col. Count Gleichen,
K.C.V.O., C.B.,
C.M.G., D.S.O.
Lord M. T. De la P.
Beresford, C.V.O.
Bt.-Lt.-Col. vSir G. L.
Holford, K.C.V.O.,
C.I.E.
Lt.-Col.
C. F. Campbell,
C.I.E.
Col. Hon. Major Capt. B. G. Godfrey- Lt.-Col. Hon. D. W. G.
Sir H. C. Legge, Lord C. G. F. Faussett, C.M.G. , Keppel, C.V.O., C.M.G. ,
K.C.V.O. Fitzmaurice. M.V.O., R.N. C.I.E.
Vice-Admiral
Sir A. B. Milne, Bt.,
K.C.B., K.C.V.O.
Bt.-Col. Sir A.
Davidson, K.C.B.,
K.C.V.O.
Bt.-Maj. C. Wigram,
M.V.O.
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THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
HONORARY INDIAN AIDES-DE-CAMP TO THE KING.
Major-General His Highness Sir Madho Rao Scindia, Bahadur, Maharajah of
Gwalior, G.C.S.I., G.C.V.O.
Major-General His Highness Sir Pratap Singh, Bahadur, Maharajah of Idar,
G.C.S.I., K.C.B.
Colonel His Highness Sir Ganga Singh, Bahadur, Maharajah of Bikaner,
G.C.I.E., K.C.S.I.
THE ESCORT OF COLONIAL CAVALRY.
Major-General E. H. H. Allenby, C.B.
Major D'A. Regard.
THE ESCORT OF OFFICERS OF THE INDIAN CAVALRY.
The First Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The Second Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
Chief Staff Officer to the Field-Marshal Chief-Constable.
in Command of the Troops. Co1.. A. H. M. Edwards,
Major-General A. E. Codrington, C.B., M.V.O.
C.V.O., C.B.
AIDE-DE-CAMP.
Captain N. J. C. Livingstone-L/earmonth.
The Captain of the Escort. THE STATE COACH The Field Officer of the Escort.
The Field-Marshal in
Drawn by
Command of the Troops.
EIGHT CREAM Fieid.Marshal the Viscount
HORSES Kitchener of Khartoum,
G.C.B., OM., G.C.S.I.,
conveying
G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E.
THEIR MAJESTIES Aide-de-Camp,
Gbe Ikiiuj ant> (Slueen. Captain
O. A. G. FitzGerald.
THE STANDARD.
B 17
NKAKIXG THK ABBKV,
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Captain Field-Marshal
His Royal Highness His Royal Highness
Prince Arthur of the Duke of
Connaught, K.G., G.C.V.O. Connaught and Strathearn,
K.G., K.T., K.P.
Bt.-Lt.-Col. Vice-Admiral General
His Serene Highness His Serene Highness His Royal Highness
The Duke of Teck, Prince Louis of Battenberg, Prince Christian of Schleswig-
G.C.V.O., C.M.G. G.C.B., G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G. Holstein, K.G., G.C.V.O.
Major His Serene Highness Prince His Highness
Alexander of Teck, G.C.V.O., D.S.O. Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein.
The Gold Stick in Waiting. The Captain of the Yeomen The Master of the Horse.
Lieut.-Gen. the Earl of of the Guard. The Earl of Granard,
Dundonald, K.C.V.O., C.B. The Lord Allendale (P.C.) . K.P. (P.C.} .
Equerry in Waiting Equerry in Waiting Equerry in Waiting The Crown Equerry.
to the Queen.
Lieut. -Col.
F. Dugdale,
C.V.O.
to the King. to the King. Capt. Hon.
Bt.-Iyt.-Col. Sir Commander W. C. Wentworth-
F. E. G. Ponsonby, Sir C. L- Cust, Bt., Fitzwilliam, C.V.O.
K.C.V.O., C.B. C.B., C.M.G. .C.I.E.,
M.V.O.
The Field Officer in Extra Equerry in Waiting The Silver Stick in
Brigade Waiting. to the King. Waiting.
Lt.-Col. C. FitzClarence, Maj. Viscount Crichton, Lieut. -Col. E. B. Cook,
V.C. M.V.O. , D.S.O. M.V.O.
Equerry to His Royal
Highness Prince Christian
of Schleswig-Holstein.
Captain C. Hankey.
Equerry to
His Royal Highness
Prince Arthur of Con-
naught.
Lieut. E. H. Bonham.
Equerry to
His Royal Highness
the Duke of Connaught
and Strathearn.
Capt. T. H. R. Bulkeley,
C.M.G., M.V.O.
THE ARRIVAL AT THE ABBEY.
THE GROWNIiNG IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
The Adjutant in Brigade Waiting. The Silver Stick Adjutant in Waiting.
Capt. Hon. J. F. Lieut. Hon. G. V. A.
Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis. Monckton- Arundell .
Aides-de-Camp to the Field-Marshal in Command of the Troops.
Capt. Lord Brooke, M.V.O. Capt. A. H. Wood. Capt. E. ff. W. Lascelles.
Capt. D. C. L- Stephen. Lieut. G. R. Lieut. E. Sheppard. Capt. J. E. Gibbs.
Codrington.
Royal Grooms.
The Third Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The Fourth Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
THE CEREMONY IN THE ABBEY.
AT the Abbey the scene during the early hours had been one of great activity
' ' • * *. •-
and interest. Bishops^ 'Nobles and Officers of State had been gathering
to receive Their Majesties, and when the thunders of cheering along Whitehall
announced the approach of the Royal Coach, the scene was one at once of
impressive grajideur and loyal enthusiasm. The Annexe, which was identical
• * - > .•• • .. ,', "•.
with that erected for the Coronation of King Edward VII., formed a fitting
• _. »' "" ,-'.> ., , •
setting for the royal scene, and when the great coach drew up, a lane was
formed for the passage of Their Majesties. Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener
were in waiting, . each with uplifted sword, with the two Archbishops of
Canterbury and. York ; and the Duke of Devonshire, the Duke of North-
umberland, the Lord Chancellor and Lord Rosebery were in close attendance.
Within; the Abbey, the scene was transcendent. The glimmering
light from -numberless candelabra, mingled with the daylight which fell
from the high clerestory windows, filled the vast building with a mystic
beauty. In the nave, the Yeomen of the Guard leant motionless on their
halberds, and the people on both sides were thronged tier above tier, in
galleries draped with rich valances of royal blue velvet embossed on a silver
ground. A carpet of azure blue on which no footfall could be heard, stretched
from the west door to the end of the choir, its rich colour broken by the
radiant shafts of light from the coloured windows.
21
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
During the hours of waiting before the Royal arrivals, the Peers and
Peeresses had passed in twos and threes to their allotted seats in the transepts,
bearing their coronets in their hands. In the north transept, where the
Peeresses were seated, the miniver of their furred capes only partly concealing
the crimson of their robes, while diamonds and jewels sparkled on head and
bosom, the effect was one of splendid grace and beauty. The Peers faced
them in the south transept in the order of their degrees of nobility, Dukes,
Marquesses, Earls, Viscounts and Barons. Above the Peers and Peeresses
were the Commons and members of their families. The Bishops who were
not taking part in the ceremonial were seated in a double row on the north
of the Sacrarium, in their Convocation robes, while the Judges, in their
vestments of state, sat in a gallery at the north-east angle ; in all a great
gathering of eight thousand people, drawn together to do homage to their
King.
All was now ready for the Royal Processions. It was the hour for
the event. To the magnificent music of Bach's chorale, " Ein feste Burg is
unser Gott," set to the hymn, " Rejoice to-day with one accord," the procession
of the Chapter of Westminster, carrying the Regalia, moved from the door
of the north transept and, in stately pomp, crown, orb, sceptres and all the
historic regalia were borne round the dai's and laid slowly and reverently
on the altar ; then the procession re-formed and carried the Regalia along
the nave, while the organ pealed forth the strains of the grand old hymn,
" O God, our help in ages past."
Then, amid dead silence, the Royal Processions advanced through
the western door of the Abbey. First came the Prince of Wales, a charming
figure of boyish stateliness, followed by the little Princess Mary and the
other Royal children. Then the Queen, preceded by the Archbishop of
Canterbury in his rich cope, and surrounded by her lovely maids of honour,
entered the nave. Her gorgeous train, glowing with burnished gold, was
borne by the Duchess of Devonshire and her six ladies-in-waiting, a collar
of sparkling jewels at her throat. Thousands of eager eyes followed her
stately progress. The King's Regalia were now seen, and while the anthem,
" I was glad when they said unto me, We will go into the House of the Lord,"
22
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
surged through the aisle, His Majesty advanced up the nave with slow and
kingly step. In his crimson robe of State and wearing the Collar of the
Garter and the Cap of Maintenance he passed through the upstanding people
to his Chair of Estate on the south side of the high altar. The Queen had
preceded him to her Chair of Estate near the dai's. They were supported
by their Bishops, the Bishops of Durham and of Bath and Wells on either
side of the King, and the Bishops of Oxford and of Peterborough of the
Queen. At the altar stood the Archbishop of Canterbury.
The following is the official order of the three Processions through the
Abbey :—
PROCESSION OF ROYAI, REPRESENTATIVES, ROYAL GUESTS AND THEIR SUITES.
On arrival at the west door the Royal Guests were received by
Colonel Sir Douglas F. R. Dawson, K.C.V.O., C.M.G., Comptroller, Lord
Chamberlain's Department, and conducted by the Hon. Arthur Walsh,
C.V.O., Master of His Majesty's Ceremonies, the Hon. R. Moreton, M.V.O.,
Marshal of His Majesty's Ceremonies, Major the Hon. G. A. Crichton,
Assistant Comptroller, L,ord Chamberlain's Department, and R. F. Synge, Esq.,
C.M.G., Deputy Marshal of His Majesty's Ceremonies, to the seats provided
for them in the Choir.
Portcullis Pursuivant. Rouge Dragon Pursuivant.
T. M. Joseph-Watkin, Esq. E. Green, Esq.
Their Imperial and Royal Highnesses the German Crown Prince and Crown
Princess,
attended by
General Field-Marshal von Plessen, G.C.V.O., and Countess von \Vedel.
His Imperial Highness the Hereditary Prince Youssouf Izzedin Effendi
of Turkey,
attended by
His Excellency Abdul-Hak Hamid Bey.
His Imperial and Royal Highness the Archduke Charles Francis Joseph,
attended by
His Serene Highness Major-General Prince Alois Schonburg-Hartenstein.
23
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess d'Aosta of Italy,
attended by
Major-General Commendatore Settimio Piacentini and Baroness Maria Perrone di San Martino.
His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovitch,
attended by
Prince Bielosselsky-Bielosersky, G.C.V.O.
His Royal Highness the Infante Don Fernando of Spain,
attended by
Marques de la Mina, G.C.V.O.
Their Imperial Highnesses the Prince and Princess Higashi-Fushimi of Japan,
attended by
Admiral Count Heihachiro Togo, O.M., and Madame Kei-Ko-Miyaoka.
Their Royal Highnesses the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Greece,
attended by
Major Constantine Levidis and Mile. Contostavlos.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Roumania,
attended by
Lieut. -Colonel Berindei and Madame Poenardo.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Prince Alexander of Servia,
attended by
Mon. Dragomir Yaukovitch.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Denmark,
attended by
Vice-Admiral C. F. Wandel, G.C.M.G.
Their Royal Highnesses the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Sweden,
attended by
General Jungstedt and Mile, de Weidenheilm.
His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Bulgaria,
attended by
Mon. D. Standoff.
Their Royal Highnesses the Hereditary Prince Danilo and Princess Militza
of Montenegro,
attended by
Captain Blajo Vrbitza and Mile. Olive Daubeney.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
His Royal Highness Prince Chakrabhongs of Pitsanulok, Heir Presumptive
of Siam,
attended by
l<ieut. -Colonel Phra Song Suradej.
Their Royal Highnesses the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Hesse,
attended by
Major-General Halm and Baroness von Rotsmann.
Their Royal Highnesses the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-
Schwerin,
attended by
Oberhofmeister von Koeckritz and Oberhofmeisterin Grafm von Schwicheldt.
His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
attended by
Count Hahn.
The Hon. John Hays Hammond (Representative of the President of the
United States of America),
attended by
Major-General Adolphus W. Greely.
Vice- Admiral Fauques de Jonquieres (Representative of the French Republic),
attended by
General Dor de Lastours.
His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Prussia,
attended by
Vice- Admiral Freiherr von Seckendorff.
Her Royal Highness the Hereditary Princess of Saxe-Meiningen,
attended by
Lady Waterlow.
His Highness Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse and Her Royal Highness
Princess Frederick Charles of Hesse,
attended by
Captain Baron G. Sclienck zu Schweinsburg and the Hon. Hilda Chich ester.
His Royal Highness the Duke Albrecht of Wurtemburg,
attended by
Baron von Bruselle-Schaubeck.
25
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
His Royal Highness Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria,
attended by
Major Count zu Pappenheim.
Their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Johann George of Saxony,
attended by
Baron von Sajza und I^ichtenau and Baroness von Finck.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg,
attended by
Captain von Schack and Baroness von Thiina.
His Royal Highness the Prince of the Netherlands (Duke of Mecklenburg),
attended by
Count W. P. de Bylandt.
His Royal Highness Prince George of Greece (Son of the Crown Prince),
Their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess George of Greece,
attended by
Captain C. Lembesis and Mrs. Godfrey-Faussett.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
attended by
Count Hahn.
His Royal Highness Duke George William of Brunswick and Luneburg,
attended by
Hausmarschall Graf Grote.
His Royal Highness Duke Ernest Augustus of Brunswick and L,uneburg,
attended by
Hausmarschall Graf Grote.
His Royal Highness Prince Philip of Saxe-Coburg.
His Grand Ducal Highness Prince Maximilian and Her Royal Highness Princess
Maximilian of Baden,
attended by
Baron von und zu Mentzingen and Baroness Emma von Racknitz.
His Highness Duke Ernst Gunther of Schleswig-Holstein,
attended by
Baron von Rochow.
26
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
His Highness Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg.
His Highness Prince Tsai Chen of China,
attended by
Manchu Brigadier-General Chow Tzu-chi.
Dejasmatch Kassa of Ethiopia,
attended by
Nagadras Hasbi.
His Highness Prince Mohamed AH Pasha of Egypt,
attended by
His Excellency Hussein Rushdi Pasha.
His Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Monaco,
attended by
Count Balny d'Avricourt.
PROCESSION OF THEIR ROYAL HIGHNESSES THE PRINCES AND PRINCESSES
OF THE BLOOD ROYAL.
Their Royal Highnesses the Princes and Princesses of the Blood Royal,
on arrival at the west door of the Abbey, were joined by the ladies and
gentlemen in attendance, and conducted to the seats reserved for them in
the Royal Box by the Right Hon. Sir Spencer C. B. Ponsonby-Fane, G.C.B.,
and lyieut.-Colonel Arthur Collins, C.B., M.V.O., Gentlemen Ushers to the
King.
Bluemantle Pursuivant, Rouge Croix Pursuivant,
G. W. Wollaston, Esq., M.V.O. A. W. S. Cochrane, Esq.
Lieut.-Colonel Arthur Collins., C.B., M.V.O.
The Right Hon. Sir Spencer C. B. Ponsonby-Fane, G.C.B. (P.C.).
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, K.G.,
his train borne by
Lord Ashley,
his Coronet by
The Lord Revelstoke (P.C.) (whose Coronet was borne by the Hon. Ivo Grenfell).
27
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert.
His Royal Highness Prince Henry.
His Royal Highness Prince George.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Mary,
attended by
Lady Bertha Dawkins.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal, with Their Highnesses Princesses
Alexandra and Maud,
her train borne by
The Lady Farqnhar,
her Coronet borne by
Lieut.-Colonel 11. R. Dietz.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena (Princess Christian of vSchleswig-
Holstein) ,
her train borne by
Mrs. W. H. Dick-Cunyngham (Lady in Waiting),
her Coronet borne by
Major 'Evan Martin, M.V.O. (Comptroller),
with Her Highness the Princess Victoria,
attended by
Miss Emily Loch (Lady in Waiting),
and Her Highness the Princess Marie Louise,
attended by
Miss Hawkes (Lady in Waiting) and Captain H. Greer.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Louise (Duchess of Argyll),
her train borne by
Hon. Violet Douglas-Pennant,
her Coronet borne by
Major the Hon. Murrough O'Brien.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Beatrice (Princess Henry of Battenberg) ,
her train borne by
Miss Minnie Cochrane (Lady in Waiting),
her Coronet borne by
Victor Seymour Corkran, Esq., C.V.O. (Comptroller).
28
KING'S COLOUR, WITH THE SERGEANTS WHO WERE ON DUTY AT THE CORONATION
WITHIN THE ABBEY.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Her Imperial and Royal Highness the Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and
Gotha (Duchess of Edinburgh),
her train borne by
Fraulein von Passarant,
her Coronet borne by
Herr von Vignau.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, with Her
Royal Highness the Princess Victoria Patricia,
their trains borne by
Miss Evelyn Pelly (Lady in Waiting) and Miss Clementina Adam (Lady in Waiting),
their Coronets borne by
Major Malcolm Murray, C.V.O. (Comptroller), and Captain the Hon. Myles Ponsonby, M.V.O.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Albany,
her train borne by
Lady Evelyn Moreton (Lady in Waiting),
her Coronet borne by
Captain Edward Seymour, M.V.O. (Comptroller).
Her Royal Highness Princess Alice (Princess Alexander of Teck),
her train borne by
Miss Ethel Heron-Maxwell,
her Coronet borne by
Captain Lord Alastair Innes-Ker.
Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess L,ouis of Battenberg,
attended by
Miss Nona Kerr (Lady in Waiting) and Commander P. Beamish, R.N.,
with Her Serene Highness Princess L,ouise of Battenberg.
His Highness Prince Alexander of Battenberg.
His Highness Prince Leopold of Battenberg.
His Highness Prince Maurice of Battenberg.
Her Serene Highness the Duchess of Teck with Their Serene Highnesses the
Princesses Victoria and Helena.
His Serene Highness Prince George of Battenberg.
Her Serene Highness the Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-L,angenburg
and the Countesses Feo and Helena Gleichen and Countess Valda Machell,
having arrived previously, were shown to their seats in the Royal Box.
30
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
procession of ftbeir flDajesttcs Iking (Beorge ID. anb <&ueen
On arrival at the west entrance of the Abbey Their Majesties were
received by the Great Officers of State, the Lords bearing the Regalia, and
the Bishops carrying the Paten, the Chalice, and the Bible.
Their Royal Highnesses the Princes of the Royal Blood, together with
the Peers and others who arrived with Their Majesties, but who did not form
part of the following procession, passed to their seats in the Abbey.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught was attended by Captain
T. H. Rivers Bulkeley, C.M.G., M.V.O., Equerry, carrying his Coronet,
Sir Maurice FitzGerald, Bart., C.V.O. (Knight of Kerry), Extra Equerry,
and by his Page, L,ord Erskine.
His Royal Highness Prince Arthur of Connaught was attended by
Eric Bonham, Esq., Equerry, carrying his Coronet, and by his Page, Viscount
Kneb worth.
His Royal Highness Prince Christian was attended by Captain Cyril
Hankey.
The Toadies of Her Majesty's Household and the Officers of the Royal
Household, to whom duties were not assigned in the solemnity, passed to
the places prepared for them respectively.
Their Majesties then advanced up the nave into the choir, the choristers
in the orchestra singing the anthem, " I was glad when they said unto me,
We will go into the House of the Lord."
Abbey Beadle :
Mr. Rice.
Chaplains in Ordinary :
Rev. Henry Gee, D.D. Yen. H. S. Wood, D.D., Archdeacon of the
Ven. F. B. Westcott, M.A., Archdeacon of Fleet.
Norwich. Rev. M. E. Kennedy, M.V.O., M.A.
Rev. Canon William Sanday, D.D. Rev. Francis A. S. Ffolkes, M.V.O., M.A.
Rev. Canon the Hon. L. F. Tyrwhitt, M.V.O., Rev. Canon Clement Smith, M.V.O., M.A.
M.A. Rev. Canon T. T. Shore, M.A.
Rev. J. H. J. Ellison, M.A.
Cr
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Domestic Chaplains :
Rev. F. P. Farrar, M.A. Rev. Canon J. N. Dalton, C.V.O., C.M.G., M A.
Rev. Canon Edgar Sheppard, C.V.O., D.D., Sub-Dean of the Chapels Royal.
Very Rev. P. F. Eliot, K.C.V.O., D.D., Dean of Windsor.
The Prebendaries' Verger :
Mr. Edwin Kemp.
Cross of Westminster :
borne by
Rev. Jocelyn Perkins, M.A., Sacrist.
Prebendaries of Westminster :
Rev. Canon S. A. Barnett, M.A. Rev. Canon H. C. Beeching, D.Litt.
Rev. Canon H. H. Henson, D.D. Yen. A. B. O. Wilberforce, D.D., Archdeacon of West-
[minster.
Rev. Canon R. Duckworth, C.V.O., D.D.
The Dean's Verger :
Mr. D. Weller.
Dean of Westminster,
Right Rev. Bishop H. E. Ryle, D.D.,
attended by his Chaplain. Rev. Maurice FitzGerald. M.A.
Carnarvon Pursuivant Fitzalan Pursuivant
Extraordinary, Extraordinary,
Keith \V. Murray, Esq. Algar H. S. Howard, Esq.
Athlone Pursuivant, March Pursuivant, Unicorn Pursuivant,
G. D. Burtchaell, Esq. Captain G. S. Campbell-Swinton. J. H. Stevenson, Esq.
Officers of the Orders of Knighthood :
Gentleman Usher of the Registrar of the Order of St. Michael
Blue Rod, and St. George,
vSir William A. Baillie-Hamilton, K.C.M.G., C.B. Sir Charles P. Lucas, K.C.M.G., C.B.
King of Arms of the Order of St. Secretary of the Order of St. Michael
Michael and St. George, and St. George,
Sir Montagu F. Ommanney, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Sir Francis J. S. Hopwood, G.C.M.G., K.C.P.
Prelate of the Order of St. Michael and St. George,
Right Rev. Bishop H. H. Montgomery, D.D.
32
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Secretary of the Order of St. Patrick, Secretary of the Order of the Thistle,
Major G. F. W. Lambart, C.V.O. Sir Duncan A. I). Campbell, Bart., C.V.O.
Cork Herald, Dublin Herald,
Captain R. A. L. Keith. G. O'Grady, Esq.
Albany Herald, Ross Herald, Rothesay Herald,
W. R. Macdonald, Esq. Andrew Ross, Esq. F. J. Grant, Esq.
Comptroller of the Household,
The Earl of Liverpool, M.V.O.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Edmund Nicholas Prideaux-Brune, Esq.
The Standard of the Union of
South Africa,
borne by
The Earl of Selborne, K.G., G.C.M.G. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. William Jocelyn Lewis Palmer.
The Standard of the Commonwealth
of Australia,
borne by
Treasurer of the Household,
W. Dudley Ward, Esq., M.P.
The Standard of the Dominion of
New Zealand,
borne by
The Lord Plunket, G.C.M.G., K.C.V.O.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. Terence Conyngham Plunket.
The Standard of the Dominion of
Canada,
borne by
The Lord Northcote, G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E., C.15. The Earl of Aberdeen, K.T., G.C.M.G. (P. C.),
(P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. Charles Arthur Uryan Rice.
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Edward Marjoribanks, Esq.
The Standard of the Empire of India,
borne by
The Lord Curzon of Kedleston, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Richard Nathaniel Curzon, Esq.
The Standard of the Principality of Wales,
borne by
The Lord Mostyn,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. Henry Ralph Hardinge.
33
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
The Standard of Ireland, The Standard of Scotland,
borne by borne by
O'Conor Don. l,ieut. -Colonel H. Scrymgeour-Wedderburn .
acting for
H. S. Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, Esq.
The Standard of England,
borne by
Frank S. Dymoke, Esq.
The Standard of Union,
borne by
The Duke of Wellington, K.G., G.C.V.O.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Arthur James, Esq.
The Royal Standard,
borne by
The Marquess of I.ansdowne, K.G., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G., G.C.I. E. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. David Brand.
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household,
Hon. Geoffrey Howard, M.P.
Keeper of the Jewel House, bearing on a cushion the two Ruby Rings and
the Sword for the Offering,
Admiral the Hon. Sir Hedworth Lambton, K.C.B., K.C.V.O.,
acting for
General Sir Robert Cunliffe Low, G.C.B.
Four Knights of the Order of the Garter appointed to hold the Canopy for the
King's Anointing :
The Earl of Minto, K.G., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G., The Earl of Crewe, K.G. (P.C.),
G.C.I.E. (P.C.), his Coronet carried by his Page,
his Coronet carried by his Page, Preston Graham, Esq.
Hon. Esmond Elliot.
The Earl of Rosebery, K.G., K.T. (P.C.), The Earl Cadogan, K.G. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page, his Coronet carried by his Page,
John G. Fortescue, Esq. Hon. William George Edward Brownlow.
34
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
The Lord Chamberlain of the The Lord Steward of the
Household, Household,
The Earl Spencer (P.C.), The Earl of Chesterfield (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page, his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. George Charles Spencer. Ferdinand Fairfax, Esq.
The Lord President of the Council, The Lord Chancellor of Ireland,
The Viscount Morley of Blackburn, O.M. (P.C.), The Rt. Hon. Sir Samuel Walker, Bart. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page, attended by his Purse-Bearer, C. MacIYaughlin ,
Peter Reid, Esq. Esq.
The Prime Minister,
The Right Hon. Herbert H. Asquitli (P.C.).
Cross of York :
borne by
Rev. Wilfrid Parker, M.A.
The Archbishop of York (P.C.),
attended by
Rev. A. Stafford Cravvley, M.A.
The Lord High Chancellor,
The Lord Loreburn, G.C.M.G. (P.C.),
attended by his Purse-Bearer, Edward Preston, Esq. ; his Coronet carried by his Page,
Thomas Tyrwhitt-Drake, Esq.
Cross of Canterbury :
borne by
Rev. J. V. Macmillan, M.A.
The Archbishop of Canterbury, G.C.V.O. (P.C.),
attended by
Rev. E. L. A. Hertslet, M.A., and Rev. C. Jenkins, M.A.
Bluemantle Pursuivant, Rouge Croix Pursuivant,
G. W. Wollaston, Esq., M.V.O. . A. W. S. Cochrane, Esq.
Portcullis Pursuivant, Rouge Dragon Pursuivant,
T. M. Joseph-Watkin, Esq. E. Green, Esq.
35
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
THE QUEEN'S REGALIA.
The Ivory Rod with Lord Chamberlain of The Sceptre with the Cross,
the Dove, Her Majesty's Household, borne In-
borne by The Earl of Shaftesbury, K.C. V.O. , The Marquess of Waterford, K.P. ,
The Earl of Durham, K.G., his Coronet carried by his Page, his Coronet carried by his Page,
his Coronet carried by his Victor Warrender, Esq. Earl of Tyrone.
Page,
R. Geoffrey H. Rawson, Esq.
Sergeant-at-Arms, Her Majesty's Crown, Sergeant-at-Arms,
Captain Sir William Goldsmith, R.N. borne by R. Edgcumbe, Esq.
The Duke of Devonshire (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Naval Cadet George Sydney Godolphin Cavendish.
§ ^ Sfoe <SUieen p | ar
in Her Royal Robes. P. js K
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g +j The Bishop Her Majesty's Train The Bishop |i" £ 3
o rt § of borne by of n? I o
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J£j d ju Peterborough. The Mistress of the Robes, Oxford. £ K^g
•^ "3 § The Duchess of Devonshire, ft . n>
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^ <T Lady Eileen Butler. Lady Mabell Ogilvy. > S" ^
c ^ Lady Eileen Knox. Lady Dorothy Browne. g o "pi"
g Lady Victoria Carrington. Lady Mary Dawson. ' ^ P
The Coronet of the Mistress of the Robes carried by her Page,
Hon. Thomas Henry Brand.
Ladies of the Bedchamber in Waiting, viz. :—
The Countess of Minto. The Countess of Shaftesbury.
The Lady Desborough. The Lady Ampthill.
Women of the Bedchamber, viz. : —
Lady Mary Trefusis. Lady Eva Dugdale.
Lad}' Katharine Coke.
Maids of Honour, viz. :—
Hon. Venetia Baring. Hon. Sybil Brodrick.
Hon. Mabel Gye. Hon. Katherine Villiers.
36
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Treasurer to the Queen,
Hon. A. X. Hood, C.V.O.
Equerry to the Queen,
Lieut. -Colonel F. Dugdale, C.V.O.
Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen,
The Lord Herschell, M.V.O.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Gerald Verney, Esq.
Private Secretary to the Queen,
E. W. Wellington, Esq., C.V.O., C.M.G.
York Herald,
G. A. Lee, Esq.
Richmond Herald,
C. H. Athill, Esq.
Windsor Herald,
W. A. Lindsay, Esq., K.C.
THE KING'S REGALIA.
St. Edward's Staff, The Sceptre with the Cross,
borne by
The Duke of Argyll, K.G., K.T., G.C.M.G., G. C.V.O.
(P.C.),
Heritable Master of His Majesty's Household in
Scotland,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck.
borne by
The Duke of Roxburghe, K.T., M.V.O
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. Cecil Richard Molyneux.
A Golden Spur,
borne by
The Lord Grey de Ruthyn,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Viscount Westport.
A Golden Spur,
borne by
The Earl of Loudoun,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Edward Hastings, Esq.
Curtana,
borne by
The Duke of Beaufort,
his Coronet carried by his
Page, Marquess of
Worcester.
The Third Sword,
borne by
Field-Marshal the Viscount
Kitchener of Khartoum, G.C.B.,
O.M., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G.,
G.C.I.E.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Thomas Arthur Renshaw, Esq.
Norroy King of Ulster King of
Arms, Arms,
W". H. \Veldon, Esq., Captain X. R. Wilkinson. Sir James B. Paul.
C.V.O.
The Second Sword,
borne by
Field-Marshal The Earl Roberts,
K.G., K.P., G.C.B., O.M.,
G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., V.C. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
David Dawnay, Esq.
Lyon King of
Arms,
Clarenceux King of
Arms,
H. F. Burke, Esq.,
C.V.O., Somerset
Herald, acting for
Clarenceux.
37
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
The lyord Mayor of Garter King of Arms, Gentleman Usher of the
London, in his Robe, Sir Alfred S. Scott-Gatty, C.V.O. Black Rod,
Collar and Jewel, Admiral Sir Henry F. Stephenson,
bearing the City Mace, G.C.V.O., K.C.B.
Right Hon. Sir Thomas V. Strong.
The Lord Great Chamberlain of England,
The Earl Carrington, K.G., G.C.M.G. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Viscount Wen dover.
The High Constable of Ireland,
The Duke of Abercorn, K.G., C.B. (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Peter Hamilton, Esq.
The lyord High Steward of Ireland,
The Earl of Shrewsbury, K.C.V.O.,
with his White Staff,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Lord Stewart.
The High Constable of Scotland,
The Earl of Enroll, K.T., C.B.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. Josslyn Victor Hay.
The Great Steward of Scotland,
The Earl of Crawford, K.T.,
as Deputy to H.R.H. the Duke of Rothesay
(The Prince of Wales),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
David, Master of 1/indsay.
The Earl Marshal of The Sword of State, The Lord High Constable
England, borne by of England,
The Duke of Norfolk, K.G., The Earl Beauchamp, K.C.M.G. The Duke of Fife, K.G., K.T.,
G.C.V.O. (P.C.), with his Baton, (P.C.), G.C. V.O. (P.C.), with his Staff,
attended by his two Pages, his Coronet carried by his Page, attended by his two Pages,
L,eo Ward, Esq., Viscount Elmley.
Richard Hope, Esq.
Hon. Oliver Frederick
George Stanley,
Nigel C. Musgrave, Esq.
The Orb,
borne by
The Duke of Somerset,
The Sceptre with the Dove, St. Edward's Crown,
borne by borne by
The Duke of Richmond, The Duke of Northumberland,
K.G., G.C.V.O., C.B., K.G. (P.C.). Lord High Steward, his Coronet carried by his Page,
his Coronet carried by his Page, attended by his two Pages, J ames Browne, Esq.
l,ord Settrington. Ivord Ossulston,
Mortimer H. M. Durand, Esq.
3«
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
The Paten, The Bible, The Chalice,
borne by borne by borne by
The Bishop of London. The Bishop of Ripon. The Bishop of Winchester.
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Bath and Wells, on his Head the Cap
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His Majesty's Train
borne by
The Earl of Airlie.
The I/ord Romilly.
A. E. I/owther, Esq.
V. A. C. Harbord, Esq.
The Bishop of
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Viscount Crauborne. &
Hon. E. G. W. T. Knollys
W. H. E. Campbell, Esq.
assisted by
the Master of the Robes,
The Viscount Churchill, G.C.V.O.,
his Coronet carried by his Page,
George Charles Brassey, Esq.,
and followed by the
Groom of the Robes,
H. D. Erskine of Cardross, Esq., C.V.O.
Vice-Admiral of the Master of the Horse, Gold Stick in Waiting,
United Kingdom, The Earl of Granard, K.P. (P.C.), Ivieut.-General the Earl of
Admiral Sir Michael his Coronet carried by his Page, Dundonald, K.C.V.O., C.B.,
Culme-Seymour, Bart., G.C.B., Hon. Francis Walter Erskine. his Coronet carried by his Page,
G.C.V.O. (Admiral in Waiting). Hon. Victor Cochrane-Baillie.
Captain-General of the Royal Archer Guard of Scotland, and Gold Stick of
Scotland,
The Duke of Buccleuch, K.G., K.T. (P.C.), his Coronet carried by his Page,
Hon. William Walter Scott.
39
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom,
Admiral the Hon. Sir Edmund R. Fremantle, G.C.B., C.M.G.
General Sir E. G. Barrow, G.C.B., General the Right Hon. Sir N. G. Lyttelton ,
Indian Army. G.C.B. (P.C.).
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, Captain of Hon. Corps of Gentlemen-
The Lord Allendale (P.C.), at- Arms,
his Coronet carried by his Page, The Lord Denman, K.C.V.O. (P.C.),
Hon. Ralph Edward Blackett Beaumont. his Coronet carried by his Page,
John Denman Barlow, Esq.
Keeper of His Majesty's Privy Purse, L/ord in Waiting,
Lieut. -Colonel the Right Hon. Sir William H. P. The Lord Annaly, C.V.O.,
Carington, K.C.V.O., C.B. (P.C.). his Coronet carried by his Page,
Lord Ivor C. Spencer-Churchill.
Private Secretary to the King, Private Secretary to the King,
Lieut. -Colonel the Right Hon. Sir Arthur J. Bigge, The Lord Knollys, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G.
G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K.C.S.I., K.C.M.G. (P.C.). (P.C.),
his Coronet carried by his Page,
J. G. Pole-Carew, Esq.
Crown Equerry, Comptroller L,ord Chamberlain's
Captain the Hon. W. C. Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, Department,
C.V.O. Colonel Sir Douglas F. R. Dawson, K.C.V.O.,
C.M.G.
Groom in Waiting,
Sir Walter D. S. Campbell, K.C.V.O.
Equerry to the King, Equerry to the King,
Lieut. -Colonel Sir Frederick E. G. Ponsonby, Commander Sir Charles L- Cust, Bart.,
K.C.V.O., C.B. C.B., C.M.G., C.I.E., M.V.O., R.N.
Field Officer in Brigade Waiting, Silver Stick in Waiting,
Lieut-Colonel C. FitzClarence, V.C. Lieut-Colonel E. B. Cook, M.V.O.
Ensign of the Yeomen of the Guard, Lieutenant of the Yeomen of the
Major E. H. Elliot, M.V.O. Guard,
Colonel Sir R. Hennell, C.V.O., D.S.O.
THE ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY AND OF YORK.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Exons of the Clerk of the Cheque to the Exon of the
Yeomen of the Guard : Yeomen of the Guard, Yeomen of the Guard,
Captain Colin W. MacRae, Captain Houston French. Colonel I'. H. cle Sales I.aTerriere.
Lieut.-Col. Cecil Wray, M.V.O.
Twenty Yeomen of the Guard.
THE RECOGNITION.
All being in their appointed places, the Archbishop now approached
the King in order to present him to his people. The King advanced to
the Sacrarium, confronting the whole congregation and, that he might be
the better seen, removed his Cap of Maintenance. Turning to the east
part of the theatre the Archbishop spoke :
Sirs, I here present unto you King George, the undoubted King of this
Realm : Wherefore all of you who are come this day to do your
homage and service, are you willing to do the same ?
The answering response, " God Save King George," filled the Abbey.
Then the Archbishop turned to the other sides of the theatre, south, west
and north in order, and spoke the same words to the people, who loudly
responded, and a fanfare of trumpets closed this point of the ceremony.
Hitherto all had been the pageantry of earthly state. The sound of
the trumpets faded away and preparation was made for the religious ceremony.
The Bishop of Ripon, bearing the great Bible, the Bishop of London, bearing
the Chalice, and the Bishop of Winchester, bearing the Paten, advanced
to the altar and their sacred charges were laid thereon by the Archbishop.
Next the bearers of the King's Regalia did similar service ; the Duke of
Northumberland carrying St. Edward's Crown, the Duke of Somerset the
Orb, the Duke of Richmond the Sceptre with the Dove, the Duke of Argyll
the Sceptre with the Cross, the Duke of Roxburghe St. Edward's Rod, the
Earl of lyoudoun and Lord Grey de Ruthyn the Spurs. These were followed
by the bearers of the Queen's Regalia ; the Duke of Devonshire bearing
the Queen's Crown, the Marquess of Waterford the Sceptre with the Cross,
and the Earl of Durham the Ivory Rod with the Dove. All these were
handed by the Archbishop to the Dean of Westminster, who placed them
on the altar.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
The King now knelt bareheaded at his faldstool on the south of the
altar. The Litany was sung, and after the Archbishop had offered the Special
Collect used only in the Coronation Service, the congregation rose while
the Gospel (St. Matthew xxii. 15) was read by the Bishop of London. A brief
sermon was then delivered by the Archbishop of York, from the text (St. Luke
xxii. 27), " I am among you as he that serveth."
THE OATH.
And now the Archbishop, crossing from his chair, approached the
King, who, sitting in his Chair of Estate, and holding the Bible in his hands,
solemnly gave the three pledges of the Oath, viz. :—
ARCHBISHOP : Will you solemnly promise and swear to govern the people
of this United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Dominions
thereto belonging, according to the Statutes of Parliament agreed
on, and the respective laws and customs of the same ?
KING : I solemnly promise so to do.
ARCHBISHOP : Will you to your power cause law and justice, in mercy,
to be executed in all your judgments ?
KING : I will.
ARCHBISHOP : Will you to the utmost of your power maintain the Laws
of God, the true profession of the Gospel, and the Protestant Reformed
Religion established by law ? And will you maintain and preserve
inviolably the settlement of the Church of England, and the doctrine,
worship, discipline and government thereof, as by law established in
England ? And will you preserve unto the Bishops and Clergy of
England, and to the Churches there committed to their charge, all
such rights and privileges, as by law do or shall appertain to them,
or any of them ?
KING : All this I promise to do.
Hereupon the King rose, and, with his Bishops on each side, the Sword
of State carried before him, and the Lord Great Chamberlain in attendance,
approached the altar, where he kneeled bareheaded. The Archbishop placed
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THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
before him the Bible opened, and the King, laying his hand thereon, spoke
these words :—
The things which I have here before promised, I will perform,
and keep. So help me God.
He then kissed the Book, and a copy of the Oath being presented in a
silver standish, the King signed his name to it, and returned in state to his
Chair.
THE ANOINTING.
After the anthem " Veni Creator" had been sung and the special prayer
had been said, followed by the triumphant music of " Zadok the Priest "
by the orchestra and the choir, the King rose from his faldstool where he
had been kneeling. His cap and great Royal robe of crimson velvet and fur
were removed by the Lord Chamberlain and the Master of the Robes, and in
the crimson satin under-robe, reaching to the knee, he came to where stood
the Chair of King Edward, the Coronation Chair of all the Kings of Great
Britain, with the Stone of Scone beneath its seat, and sat facing eastwards,
surrounded by his Bishops, his Knights of the Garter — Lords Cadogan,
Rosebery, Crewe and Minto — holding the glittering pall of cloth of gold
above his head. From the altar came the Archbishop, the Dean of West-
minster, and the Bishops of London, Winchester and Ripon, the Dean bearing
the Ampulla and the Spoon. From the former the Archbishop poured some
of the oil — the same oil used for the anointing of King Edward VII. — into the
spoon and poured a drop on the King's head, making thereon the sign of the
Cross, with the words :—
Be thy head anointed with holy Oil, as Kings, priests and prophets
were anointed.
Then dipping his finger into the spoon, he made the sign of the Cross upon
the King's bare breast, saying :—
Be thy Breast anointed with holy Oil,
and once more dipping his finger in the oil, he marked the Cross on the palm
of both the King's hands, saying :—
Be thy Hands anointed with holy Oil.
45
Ht-iliatHin -S/ojif.
THE KING AXD QUEEX WITHIN THIC ABBEY.
ABOVK THKIR MAJESTIES IS THE ROYAL BOX.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Then the golden pall was removed, the King stood up, and was invested
with the sleeveless garment, the Colobium Sindonis, and over this the long,
gorgeous Supertunica of cloth of gold, with its girdle of the same material.
THE SPURS AND SWORD.
Next came the presenting of the Spurs — the Golden Spurs of St. George.
L,ord Spencer, on bended knee, touched the King's heels with them, and
they were then replaced by the Dean on the altar. This was followed by
the more elaborate ceremony of the Sword of Offering. This the Lord
Beauchamp first delivered to the Archbishop, who, laying it on the altar,
offered a prayer that the King might use it "as the minister of God for the
terror and punishment of evildoers and for the protection and encouragement
of those that do well." Then holding the Sword he stood before the King,
speaking as follows, while the King took the hilt in both hands :—
Receive this kingly Sword, brought now from the Altar of God,
and delivered to you by the hands of us the Bishops and Servants of
God, though unworthy.
It was then given back to the Lord Beauchamp, who held it aloft
during the remainder of the ceremony.
THE ORB AND SCEPTRE.
Following this the King was invested with the Pallium, or Royal Robe,
a magnificent garment woven of cloth of gold, and the Orb was brought
and given to him by the Archbishop, with these words :—
Receive this Imperial Robe and Orb ; and the Lord your God
endue you with knowledge and wisdom, with majesty and with power
from on high ; the Lord embrace you with His mercy on every side ;
the Lord cloath you with the robe of righteousness, and with the
garments of salvation. And when you see this Orb thus set under the
Cross, remember that the whole world is subject to the Power and Empire
of Christ our Redeemer.
The Orb was then returned to the Dean of Westminster.
47
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
THE RING AND SCEPTRES.
The King's Ring was next brought and placed upon the fourth finger
of his right hand, and the two Sceptres, the Sceptre with the Cross and the
Sceptre with the Dove, were given
to him by the Archbishop, with
the words :
Receive the Royal Sceptre, the
ensign of kingly power and
justice, and the Rod of Equity
and Mercy ; and God from
Whom all holy desires, all good
counsels, and all just works do
proceed, direct and assist you
in the administration and exer-
cise of all those powers which
He hath given you. Be so
merciful that you be not too
remiss ; so execute justice that
you forget not mercy. Punish
the wicked, protect and. cherish
the just, and lead your people
in the way wherein they should
go-
THE CORONATION CHAIR:
Beneath the Chair itself is the Crowning Stone which
was brought from Scone by Edward I.
THE PUTTING ON OF THE CROWN.
And as the King now sat in King Edward's Chair, holding both his
Sceptres, with his four Swords in close attendance, the Archbishop came from
the altar bearing the Crown and placed it in silence on his head. Having
done this, he spoke the following prayer :—
God crown you with a crown of glory and righteousness, that by
the ministry of this our benediction, having a right faith and manifold
fruit of good works, you may obtain the crown of an everlasting Kingdom
by the gift of Him Whose Kingdom endureth for ever.
48
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
And now as soon as these words were ended, the trumpets broke forth,
and the shouts of " God Save the King " rose from all portions of the Abbey,
and, while all the Peers, rising to their feet, put on their coronets, from afar
the firing of the guns at the Tower of London could be heard, announcing
to all the world that King George had been crowned.
THE ENTHRONEMENT.
And then the King, handing the Sceptres to his Bishops, rose from
King Edward's Chair and took his seat upon the Throne, in the centre of the
theatre, where he was to receive the homage. First came the Archbishop
of Canterbury, who, ascending, knelt on the highest step of the Throne and
did homage for the Lords Spiritual as follows :—
I, Randall, Archbishop of Canterbury, will be faithful and true,
and faith and truth will bear unto you our Sovereign Lord, and your
Heirs Kings of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and
of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Defenders of the Faith, and
Emperors of India. And I will do, and truly acknowledge, the service of
the lands which I claim to hold of you, as in right of the Church. So help
me God.
Then, rising to his feet, he kissed the King on the left cheek.
Next the youthful Prince of Wales, having taken off his coronet, came
forward to the da'is, and bowing to the King, knelt on the highest step and
did homage on behalf of the Blood Royal in these words :—
I, Prince of Wales, do become your liege man of life and limb,
and of earthly worship ; and faith and truth I will bear unto you, to
live and die, against all manner of folks. So help me God.
Then, rising and advancing to his father, he touched the crown on His
Majesty's head, and kissed him affectionately on the cheek, while the King
with fatherly emotion drew his son towards him and kissed him fervently
in return. The Duke of Connaught next paid his homage as a Prince of
the Blood Royal, and was followed one by one by the Peers of the Realm,
each through the first of their order. Afterwards the anthem, " Rejoice in
D 49
THE KING'S IMPERIAL CROWN.
THE QUEEN'S NEW CROWN.
'
THE KING'S THRONE.
THE QUEEN'S THRONE.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
the Lord, O ye Righteous," composed by Sir Frederick Bridge, was sung
by the choir, the drums beat and the trumpets sounded, and all the people,
led by the Westminster boys, shouted, " God save King George ! Long live
King George ! May the King live for ever ! "
THE QUEEN'S CORONATION.
The Queen now rose from her Chair of State and with her Bishops on
either side, advanced to her faldstool, where she knelt while the Archbishop
said the following prayer :—
Almighty God, the fountain of all goodness : Give ear, we beseech
Thee, to our prayers, and multiply Thy blessings upon this Thy servant
Mary, whom in Thy Name, with all humble devotion, we consecrate our
Queen ; defend her evermore from all dangers, ghostly and bodily ;
make her a great example of virtue and piety, and a blessing to this
Kingdom ; through Jesus Christ our Lord, Who liveth and reigneth with
Thee, O Father, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, world without end. Amen.
The golden canopy, supported by the Duchess of Portland, the Duchess
of Sutherland, the Duchess of Montrose, and the Duchess of Hamilton, was
then borne above her head, and the Archbishop, taking the Ampulla and
the Spoon, anointed her on the crown of the head, saying :—
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost :
Let the anointing with this Oil increase your honour, and the Grace of
God's Holy Spirit establish you for ever and ever. Amen.
The Archbishop now placed the jewelled ring upon Her Majesty's
fourth finger, with these words :—
Receive this Ring, the seal of a sincere faith ; and God, to Whom
belongeth all power and dignity, prosper you in this your honour, and
grant you therein long to continue, fearing Him always, and always
doing such things as shall please Him, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Amen.
Then he set the Crown reverently upon her head, saying : —
Receive the Crown of glory, honour, and joy ; and God, the Crown
of the faithful, who by our Episcopal hands (though unworthy) doth
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THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
this day set a crown of pure gold upon your head, enrich your royal
heart with His abundant grace, and crown you with all princely virtues
in this life, and with everlasting gladness in the life that is to come,
through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
At this moment, the Peeresses all raised their coronets and placed them
on their heads. The Archbishop placed the Sceptre in the Queen's hand,
saying this prayer :—
O Lord, the Giver of all perfection : Grant unto this Thy servant
Mary our Queen, that by the powerful and mild influence of her piety
and virtue, she may adorn the high dignity which she hath obtained,
through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
The Queen then descended from the altar, and making obeisance to
the King as she passed with her trainbearers, proceeded to her Throne on
the dais, side by side with him, both holding their Sceptres.
Next followed the Communion, when the " Sanctus " was exquisitely
sung by the choir, and the Archbishop, standing on the steps of the altar,
then pronounced the Benediction, which the King and Queen and all present
knelt to receive ; and with the final " Amen " the ceremonial of the great
Coronation was complete. The Queen, crowned and bearing her Sceptre,
her train carried by her six noble trainbearers, passed down the Abbey,
followed by the King, his gorgeous robe of purple velvet upheld by his
eight pages and Lord Churchill, with the blazing Crown of England on his
head ; and so out, amid deafening cheers from every side.
THE RETURN TO THE PALACE.
TPHE State Coach was drawn up in readiness for Their Majesties, and when
first the Queen and then the King had taken their seats, it moved on,
amidst the enthusiastic acclamations of the great throng of spectators around
the Annexe, on its return journey, this time by way of Pall Mall, St. James's
Street, Piccadilly and Constitution Hill.
53
\
THE RETURN BY WAY OF PICCADILLY.
THE CROWNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
The two other Processions followed in reverse order, the Prince of
Wales, now wearing his coronet, and the other Royal children receiving a
great and hearty ovation. The scenes of enthusiasm which occurred as
the magnificent cortege passed slowly through Pall Mall and St. James's
Street, surpassed description. Their Majesties were cheered to the echo
and greeted with enthusiasm which was the unmistakable and sincere outburst
THE RETURN OF THEIR MAJESTIES TO BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
of a loving and a loyal nation. At one part of the journey, an episode,
dramatic and unexpected, lent an additional touch of emotion to Their Majesties'
passage. One of the ladies seated in a crowded grand stand, in a voice of
remarkable clearness heard high above the cheering of the crowds, commenced
to sing the National Anthem. She was quickly joined by those in her
immediate neighbourhood, and in a moment or two hundreds of men and
women in the streets, balconies, and even on the roofs of the buildings took
55
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
up the hymn, which as it died away was followed by three rousing British
cheers. In Piccadilly the scene scintillated with the most brilliant decorative
colour, and as the long Procession swung round Hyde Park Corner into
Constitution Hill, the effect of the setting, with the vivid green foliage
of the plane trees as a background, was one of great variety, beauty and
animation. Down the stately drive from Wellington Arch, the great golden
Coach passed through solid masses of cheering spectators, edged by the
bright scarlet tunics of the various regiments lining the roadway, and shortly
before three o'clock it re-entered the main gates of the Palace, four hours
and twenty minutes after it had emerged on its journey to the Abbey.
ON THE BALCONY AT THE PALACE.
A ND now what happened was in one sense the most dramatic and thrilling
incident of all the outdoor celebrations. Suddenly and unexpectedly,
one of the casements of the centre balcony in the front of the Palace was
opened, and the King appeared leading the Queen by the hand. When the
great crowd saw Their Majesties, standing s'de by side, in their shimmering
robes and shining crowns, it seemed as if the popular emotion reached its
highest pitch. Cheer upon cheer was raised, and then as if by some magic
spontaneity, the officers and men of the Empire detachments, standing at
attention beneath the Palace gates, began to join in the cheering, and soon
the entire body of soldiers and sailors, forgetful of discipline, broke ranks,
and came crowding nearer the Palace gates, while some of them put their
helmets on their rifles and waved them vigorously aloft. This wonderful
scene continued for several minutes, while Their Majesties bowed again and
again to the cheers, and the King's face was seen to light with smiles of
satisfaction. A truly wonderful ending to an ever-memorable day.
56
ON THE BALCONY AT THE PALACE.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
THE ILLUMINATION OF LONDON.
the setting of the sun, the streets and squares of central
London were transformed, as by the waving of a magician's wand, into
a dream-city of fairy palaces. Never before in its history had the old, grey
familiar walls presented such a picture of gorgeous illumination. Crowds,
estimated at a million and a half of people, young and old, wandered spell-
bound through the almost silent roadways, from which all wheeled traffic
had again been excluded, gazing with enchanted eyes on a spectacle such
as only might be conjured up by a child's fairy book. From the Bank of
England and the Mansion House in the City, to the confines of Kensington
in the West, houses, offices, the great hotels and the various public buildings
were outlined with millions of vari-coloured lamps, and these, with the National
Emblems emblazoned on a thousand house fronts, converted the main thor-
oughfares into a veritable cascade of iridescent fire. As the shades of evening
deepened, the myriad-hued splendours increased, and the streets became
still more densely thronged with an almost impassable crowd of sightseers,
until at 12.30 the lights died out, the tired multitudes were again absorbed
into the suburbs and the great scenes of the day were finally over.
THE HOMAGE OF THE EMPIRE
TN every scattered portion of the globe where even a handful of British
subjects was to be found, the great day was celebrated in fitting fashion.
Services in the local Cathedral or churches, and levees at Government House,
formed part of the ceremonies, in many places followed by a parade and
review of the troops of the garrison; while at every outpost of the Empire,
great or small, the Crowning of the King was announced by a naval or military
salute. From East to West, from far Cathay to distant Canada, the chain
of celebration circled round the globe, and the flag floated out at noonday
58
THE CROWiNING IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY
to the thunder of cannon and the strains of the National Anthem. In the
words of the poet of Empire :—
The lean white bear hath seen -it in the long, long Arctic night,
The nmsk-o% knows the standard thai flouts the Northern Light.
*##***##
Never was isle so little, never was sea so lone,
But over the scud and the palm-trees an English flag was flown.
Kndyard Killing.
59
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
CHAPTER II
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY.
ON the day following the Coronation, Friday, the 23rd June, the King
and Queen made a royal progress from Buckingham Palace through
the City and South of London . The weather was again propitious,
and as they passed through seven miles of cheering crowds, Their Majesties
received a splendid and enthusiastic ovation. It was a pageant of the Imperial
Army, sparkling with scarlet and gold and waving plumes and pennants.
A striking feature of the day was the large number of children gathered along
the route, whose shrill cheers added a charming and emotional note to the
demonstration. Hundreds of grand stands were crowded with spectators
and every window was full, while the streets along the entire distance were
lavishly decorated with masts, banners and garlands. Addresses of welcome
were presented to His Majesty at several points during his progress, notably
by the Lord Mayor of London at Temple Bar. Their Majesties were in an
open state landau drawn by the familiar team of eight cream horses, the King
in Field-Marshal's uniform, the Queen robed in white, with the blue sash
of the Garter, and wearing a hat with magnificent blue plumes. Leaving
the palace at eleven o'clock, they entered the city at midday, and proceeded
by London Bridge and Westminster Bridge, returning to the Palace at two
o'clock, having been greeted with salvos of cheers throughout the whole
journey.
The route and order of the processions were as follows :—
60
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE giTY
Constitution Hill,
Piccadilly,
St. James's Street,
*Pall Mall,
Pall Mall East,
fTrafalgar Square (north side),
Duncannon Street,
JStrand,
Fleet Street,
Ludgate Hill,
St. Paul's Churchyard,
Cannon Street,
Queen Victoria Street,
Mansion House,
THE ROUTE.
King William Street,
London Bridge,
§Borough High Street,
Borough Road,
Westminster Bridge Road,
Westminster Bridge,
Bridge Street,
St. Margaret Street,
Round Parliament Square,
Parliament Street,
Whitehall,
Admiralty Arch,
The Mall,
Buckingham Palace.
* Presentation of an Address, at Waterloo Place, by the Westminster City Council,
t Presentation of an Address, at Trafalgar Square, by the London County Council.
| Presentation of an Address, at Aldwych, by the Northern Boroughs.
§ Presentation of an Address, in Sotithwark, by the Southern Boroughs.
AT TEMPLE BAR.
61
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
THE PROCESSION.
Two carriages with Members of the Corporation (from Temple Bar to London
Bridge only).
First Carriage.
Four Members of the Common Council.
H. H. Heath, Esq., Deputy. \V. H. Key, Esq.
C. T. Harris, Esq., Deputy. Sir R. H. Rogers, Deputy.
Second Carriage.
Four Members of the Court of Aldermen.
Sir J. Savory, Bt. Sir C. C. Wakefield, Bt.
Sir W. P. Treloar, Bt. Sir W. H. Dunn.
THE COLONIAL PROCESSION.
An Officer of the War Office Staff.
Major G. Lubbock, R.E.
The advance point of the Royal Horse Guards.
Band of the 2nd I/ife Guards.
The General Officer in Command of the Colonial Troops.
General Sir I. S. M. Hamilton, G.C.H., D.S.O.
Staff Officers to the General Officer in Command of the Colonial Troops.
Brigadier-General G. P. Ellison, C.B.
U.-Col. H. L. Reed, V.C.
Aides-de-Camp to the General Officer in Command of the Colonial Troops.
Capt. F. L. Makgill- Capt. J. A. Orr. Maj. \V. R. N. Madocks.
Crichton-Maitland.
Detachment of Officers.
Detachment of King Edward's Horse (The King's Oversea Dominions
Regiment) .
Detachment of Canadian Troops.
First Carriage.
The Right Hon. Sir W. Laurier, G.C.M.G., the Prime Minister of Canada.
The Hon. A. Fisher, the Prime Minister of Australia. Mrs. Fisher.
Detachment of New Zealand Troops.
62
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Second Carriage.
The Right Hon. Sir J. G. Ward, K.C.M.G., the Prime Minister of New Zealand.
Lady Ward.
General the Right Hon. L- Botha, the Prime Minister of the Union of South
Africa. Mrs. Botha.
Detachment of South African Union Troops.
Third Carriage.
The Hon. Sir E. P. Morris, the Prime Minister of Newfoundland. Lady Morris.
Sir J. Anderson, G.C.M.G., the Governor representing the Eastern Colonies.
Sir S. Olivier, K.C.M.G., the Governor representing the West Indian Colonies.
Detachment of the Royal North- West Mounted Police.
Fourth Carriage.
Sir Charles Anthony King-Harman, K.C.M.G., the Ex-Governor representing
the Mediterranean Colonies. Lady King-Harman.
Sir E. F. im Thurn, K.C.M.G., the Ex-Governor representing Fiji and the
Western Pacific. Lady im Thurn.
Detachment of South African Union Troops.
Fifth Carriage.
Sir W. Egerton, K.C.M.G., the Governor representing the West African
Colonies and Protectorate. Lady Egerton.
Sir A. Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., the Ex-Governor representing the East African
Protectorates. Lady Sharpe.
Detachment of Canadian Troops
Sixth Carriage.
His Highness the Sultan of Perak, G.C.M.G.
The British Resident, Perak.
Rajah Chulan.
Rajah Harun.
Detachment of Rhodesian Troops.
63
PASSING DOWN FLEET STREET.
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Seventh Carriage.
His Highness the Sultan of Kedah.
His Highness Tunku Mahmud.
Mr. A. Cavendish.
Mr. C. H. Gay, R.A.
Detachment of Crown Colony and Protectorate Troops.
Band of the ist Life Guards.
THE INDIAN PROCESSION.
Band of the 2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys).
The General Officer in Command of the Indian Troops.
General Sir E. G. Barrow, G.C.B.
The Chief Staff Officer to the General Officer in Command of the Indian Troops.
Brigadier-General G. A. Cookson.
The Aides-de-Camp to the General Officer in Command of the Indian Troops.
Major C. R. Harbord. lieutenant R. E. Barrow. Major C. R. Scott-Elliot.
Major T. E. Scott. C.I.E., D.S.O.
Officers of Indian Mounted Volunteers.
First Carriage.
His Highness the Maharajah Gaekwar of Baroda.
Two Members of the Suite.
Second Carriage.
His Highness the Maharajah Holkar of Indore.
His Highness the Aga Khan.
Two Members of the Suite.
Third Carriage.
Her Highness the Nawale Begum of Bhopal.
Colonel Sahibzada Obeidullah Khan.
Sahibzada Hamidulla Khan.
Member of the Suite.
Officers of the Imperial Service Cavalry.
E 65
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Fourth Carriage.
His Highness the Maharajah of Patiala.
The Rajadhiraja of Shahpura.
Rajkumar Sirdar Singh.
General Guruam Singh.
Fifth Carriage.
His Highness the Rajah of Rajpipla.
His Highness the Rajah of Pudukota.
Two Members of the Suite.
Sixth Carriage.
His Highness the Thakor Sahib of Gondal.
Her Highness the Thakoress Sahibah of Gondal.
Kumari Shri Bukuverha.
Kumari Shri I,eilaha.
Band of the 7th (Queen's Own) Hussars.
THE ROYAIv PROCESSION.
An Officer of the War Office Staff.
Lieut.-Col. F. W. Kerr, D.S.O.
Four Troopers of the Royal Horse Guards.
Commander A. V. Campbell, M.V.O., R.N.
Detachment of the Royal Navy with Field Battery of 6 guns.
Detachment of Engine Room Ratings.
Detachment of Chief Petty Officers representing the Coastguard, Signal,
Telegraphist and non-military branches.
Detachment of the Royal Marine Artillery, the Royal Marine Light Infantry,
and the Royal Naval School of Music.
Detachment of the Royal Naval Reserve.
Detachment of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve-.
Mounted Band, Royal Artillery.
Section of BB Battery, Royal Horse Artillery.
Band of the Royal Horse Guards.
66
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Major Lord J. S. Cavendish, D.S.O., ist Life Guards.
Composite Squadron of Household Cavalry.
Section of BB Battery, Royal Horse Artillery.
Major-General E. H. H. Allenby, C.B.
Major D'A. Legard, i/th (Duke of Cambridge's Own) Lancers.
Band of the 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays).
Lieut. -Colonel W. Belk, 4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards.
Detachment of Dragoon and Dragoon Guards Regiments.
2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays).
THEIR MAJESTIES AT LUDGATE CIRCUS.
3rd (Prince of Wales's) Dragoon Guards.
4th (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards.
5th (Princess Charlotte of Wales's) Dragoon Guards.
2nd Dragoons (Royal Scots Greys).
Section of the loist Battery, Royal Field Artillery.
Band of the 4th (Queen's Own) Hussars.
Brevet-Colonel G. L- Holdsworth, ;th (Queen's Own) Hussars.
Detachment of Hussar Regiments.
67
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
4th (Queen's Own) Hussars.
7th (Queen's Own) Hussars.
nth (Prince Albert's Own) Hussars.
1 8th (Queen Mary's Own) Hussars.
i gth (Queen Alexandra's Own Royal) Hussars.
2oth Hussars.
Section of the losrd Battery, Royal Field Artillery.
Band of the 5th (Royal Irish) Lancers.
Lieut.-Colonel Lord D. J. C. Compton, gth (Queen's Royal) Lancers.
Detachment of Lancer Regiments.
5th (Royal Irish) Lancers,
gth (Queen's Royal) Lancers.
i6th (The Queen's) Lancers.
Section of the 148111 (Howitzer) Battery, Royal Field Artillery.
The King's Indian Orderly Officers and Officer in Charge.
Risaldar Major Subadar Major Risaldar Major Major L. C. Jones.
Abdul Karim Khan. Muhammed Ismail. Malik Sher Bahadur
Khan.
Aides-de-Camp to the King.
Volunteer and Territorial Force Aides-de-Camp.
Col. Col. Col.
the Earl of Essex. F. Goodwin, C.I.E. the Earl of Albemarle.
Col. Col. The Rt. Hon. Col.
J. vStevenson, C.B. the Earl of Clarendon. the Earl of Haddington.
Militia and Special Reserve Aides-de-Camp.
Col. the Duke of Col. Col. the Col. the Col. the Rt. Hon.
Richmond and Lord A. M. A. Earl of Duke of the Duke of
Gordon. Percy. Leicester. Montrose. Northumberland.
68
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Regular Forces Aides-de-Camp.
Bt.-Col.
Col.
Bt.-Col.
Bt.-Col.
Col.
J. M. Stewart.
G. R. C. Paul.
E. \V. M. Xorie.
C. M. Dobell.
G. T. Forestier-
Walker.
Col.
Col.
Col.
Bt.-Col.
Brig. -Gen.
H. V. Cowan.
P. A. Keuna.
H. G. Fitton.
H. E. Stanton.
C. J. Melliss.
Col. A. E.
Marchant.
Naval and Marine Aides-de-Camp.
Capt. F. C. Capt. Commander
Capt. H.
Tudor-Tudor.
D. R. de Chair. Sir R. Arbuthnot. Evan-Thomas.
CROSSING LONDON BRIDGE (LOOKING SOUTH).
Aide-de-Camp General.
Maj.-Gen. J. S. Ewart, C.B.
First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp.
Admiral vSir I,. A. Beaumont, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.
General Officers Commanding-in-Chief.
Gen. Sir L. J. Lt.-Gen. Sir W. H. L/t-Gen. Sir B. M. Gen. the Rt. Hon.
Oliphant. Mackinnon. Hamilton. Sir N. G. Ivyttleton.
The Inspector-General of the Forces.
Gen. Sir J. French, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G.
69
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
The Lord Lieutenant of the County of London.
The Right Hon. the Duke of Fife, K.T., G.C.V.O.
Field-Marshal Field-Marshal Field-Marshal
Sir H. E. Wood, V.C. Lord Grenfell, G.C.B. Earl Roberts, V.C.
The War Office Staff.
Maj.-Gen. Brig. -Gen. Brig.-Gen. Maj.-Gen.
C. F. X. Macready. S. B. von Donop. G. V. Kemball. A. J. Murray.
Surg.-Gen. Maj.-Gen. R. Pringle. Maj.-Gen. J. S. Cowans. Lt.-Gen.
W. L- Gubbins. Sir A. S. Wynne.
The Sheriffs (mounted), from Temple Bar to London Bridge only.
H. C. Buckingham, Esq. C. Johnston, Esq.
Foreign Military Attaches and Officer in Charge.
Major His Serene Highness Lieut. Capt. Major
Prince Frederick von und zu C. E. Alfaro. E. de Linder. R. Ostertag,
Liechtenstein, M.V.O. C.V.O.
Lt.-Col. Maj. Major Lt.-Col.
U. Bagnani. S. L'H. Slocum. Don J. Vicens. Golejewsky.
Col. Lt.-Col. Col. Col. V. J. M.
Don E. Raybaud. Don E. Phillips. S. Inagaki. Huguet, M.V.O.
Col. Don P. Suarez. Lt.-Gen. Capt. C. A. L. Yate.
Sir N. Yermoloff, K. C.V.O.
Deputations of Foreign Officers and Officers in Charge.
The King's Austrian Field-Howitzer Regiment (K.U.K. Feldhaubitz-Regiment
Nr. 12).
Captain J. Schmeez von Meczenzef. First Lt. E. Weiss. Colonel K. Kratk}'.
(Major J. Fryer.)
The King's German Dragoons of the Guard Regiment (I. Garde-Dragoner-
Regiment Einigin Viktoria von Grossbritannien und Ireland) .
Captain Burggraf und Graf zu Lt. Freiherr von Lt.-Col. von Barensprung.
Dohna-Lauck. Steinaecker.
(Major H. C. Lowther, C.M.G., M.V.O., D.S.O.)
The King's German Cuirassier Regiment (Kiirassier Regiment Graf Geszler
(Rheinisches) Nr. 8).
Captain von Meszling. Lt. Jonklieer Rendorp. Colonel Heidborn.
(Major F. Cunliffe Owen.)
70
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Queen's German Hussar Regiment (Husaren-Regiment Fiirst Bliicher von
Wahlstatt (Pommersches) Nr. 5).
Captain von Poncet. Lt. Freiherr von Thielmann. Major Freiherr von Barnekow.
(Major J. M. Home.)
The King's Spanish Infantry Regiment (Zamora Num. 8).
Captain Don A. M. Penalver. I,t. Don G. O. Pardo.
Colonel Don O. L. Iturriaga.
(Lt.-Col. G. M. \V. Maedonogh.)
THEIR MAJESTIES IN SOUTH 1,0-NDOX.
First Carriage.
Ivieut.-Colonel the Rt. Hon. Sir W. H. P. Carington, K.C.V.O., C.B., the
Keeper of the Privy Purse.
Lieut.-Colonel the Rt. Hon. Sir A. J. Bigge, G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K.C.S.I.,
K.C.M.G., I.S.O., Private Secretary to the King.
71
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Captain Sir W. D. S. Campbell, K.C.V.O., Groom in Waiting.
The Earl of Shaftesbury, K.C.V.O., the Lord Chamberlain to the Queen.
Second Carriage.
Admiral Sir M. Culme-Seymour, Bt., G.C.B., G.C.V.O., Vice-Admiral of the
United Kingdom.
THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON,
SIR T. VEZEY STRONG.
The Lord Annaly, C.V.O., Lord in Waiting.
The Rt. Hon. the Duke of Buccleuch and Oueensberry, K.G., K.T., the
Captain-General of the Royal Archer Guard of Scotland.
Lady Eva Dugdale, Woman of the Bedchamber.
t
THE SCENE AT ST. GEORGE'S CIRCUS.
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Third Carriage.
The Earl Spencer, the Lord Chamberlain.
The Earl of Chesterfield, the Lord Steward.
The Countess of Minto, Lady in Waiting.
The Duchess of Devonshire, the Mistress of the Robes.
The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor,
The Right Hon. Sir T. Vezey Strong (mounted), from Temple Bar to London
Bridge only.
The Army Council.
Lieut.-Gen. Sir H. S. G. Maj.-Gen. C. F. Hadden, Field-Marshal
Miles, K.C.B., C.V.O. K.C.B. Sir W. G. Nicholson,
G.C.B., A.D.C.-General.
Equerries to the King.
Col. Lt.-Col. Lt.-Col. Rear-Admiral
H. Streatfeild. A. B. Haig. H. D. Watson. R. E. Wemyss.
Col. Count Gleichen. Admiral the Hon. Vice-Admiral Lt.-Col.
Sir H. Lambton. Sir A. B. Milne. Sir G. L. Holford.
Col. J. H. Bor. Col. Sir A. Davidson. Maj. the Viscount Lord M. Beresford.
Crichton.
Col. the Hon. Sir Maj. C. Wigram. Maj. Lord Lt.-Col. the Hon.
H. C. Legge. C. G. F. Fitzmaurice. I). W. G Keppel.
Honorary Indian Aides-de-Camp to the King.
Hon. Major-General His Highness Sir Madho Rao Scindia, Bahadur, Maharajah
of Gwalior.
Hon. Major-GeneraJ His Highness Sir Pratap Singh, Bahadur, Maharajah
of Idar.
Hon. Colonel His Highness Sir Ganga Singh, Bahadur, Maharajah of Bikaner.
The Colonial Escort.
The India Escort.
The First Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The Second Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
74
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
Chief Staff Officer to the Field-Marshal
in Command of the Troops.
Major-General A. E. Codriiigton.
Chief Constable.
Col. A. H. M. Edwards.
Aide-de-Camp.
Capt. N. J. C. Ivivingstone-Learmouth.
PASSING OYKR WICSTJIIXSTICR BRIDGE.
The Captain of the
Escort.
THE STATE CARRIAGE
DRAWN BY EIGHT
CREAM HORSES,
CONVEYING
ttbeir flDajestiee
Iking anb <SUieen.
The Field Officer of the
Escort.
The Field-Marshal in
Command of the Troops.
Field-Marshal the Viscount
Kitchener of Khartoum.
Aide-de-Camp.
Capt. A. O. G. Fitzgerald.
RETURN TO BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
THE PROGRESS THROUGH THE CITY
THE STANDARD.
Captain Field-Marshal
His Royal Highness His Royal Highness
Prince Arthur of Connaught. the Duke of Connaught.
Vice- Admiral His Serene Brevet-L/t.-Col. His General His Royal
Highness Prince L,ouis Serene Highness the Highness Prince Christian
of Battenberg. Duke of Teck. of Schleswig-Holstein.
The Gold Stick in Waiting. The Earl Marshal. The Master of the Horse.
Lt.-Gen. the Earl of The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Granard.
Dundonald. the Uuke of Norfolk.
Equerry in Waiting Equerry in Waiting Equerry in Waiting The Crown
to the Queen. to the King. to the King. Equerry.
Lieut. -Colonel Lieut. -Colonel Commander Capt. the Hon. W.
F. Dugclale. F. E. G. Ponsonby. Sir C. L- Gust, Bt. C. W. Fitzwilliam.
The Field Officer in Brigade Waiting. The Silver Stick in Waiting.
Lt.-Col. C. FitzClarence, V.C. I,t-Col. E. B. Cook, M.V.O.
Equerry to His Royal Equerry to His Royal Equerry to His Royal
Highness Prince Christian Highness Prince Arthur Highness the Duke of
of Schleswig-Holstein. of Connaught. Connaught & Strathearn.
Capt. C. Hankey. Lieut. Iv II. Bonham. Maj. M. Murray, C.V.O.
The Adjutant in Brigade The Silver Stick Adjutant in
Waiting. Waiting.
Captain the Hon. Lieutenant the Hon.
J. F. Hepbuni-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis. G. V. A. Monckton-Arundell.
Aides-de-Camp to the Field-Marshal in Command of the Troops.
Captain Lord Brooke, M.V.O. Captain A. H. Wood. Captain E- ff. W. Lascelles.
Captain D. C. D. Stephen. Second-Lieut. G. R. Codriugton. Lieut. E. Sheppard.
Captain J. E. Gibbs.
Six Royal Grooms.
77
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
The Third Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
The Fourth Division of the Sovereign's Escort of the Royal Horse Guards.
Shortly after their return to the Palace, Their Majesties, as on the
previous day, appeared on the balcony facing the Mall, accompanied by the
Prince of Wales, Princess Mary, and their brothers, and once more the great:
crowd of civilians and troops cheered them over and over again, the scene
fittingly closing by the singing of the National Anthem.
78
THE NAVAL REVIEW AT SPITHEAD
CHAPTER III
THE NAVAL REVIEW AT SPITHEAD.
THE splendid ceremonials of the week were brought to a final and
impressive climax by the review on Saturday, the 24th June, by
His Majesty, of a great fleet, representative of British naval power,
which had been assembled at Spithead.
In all 167 British and 18 Foreign warships were anchored in five lines
of six: miles each in length, extending from Ryde to Cowes. Through these
great avenues of battleships, manned by 50,000 seamen, the Royal yacht
Victoria and Albert steamed slowly, west and east, for fully twenty-
five miles, while from sea and shore, a quarter of a million people gazed on
the majestic panorama. The King was accompanied by the Queen and
the Heir-Apparent, and the pageant was favoured with a setting of unusual
beauty. The rain of the previous night had given place to brilliant sunshine,
and the blue, rippling waters of the Solent were crowded with innumerable
pleasure craft, each carrying a company of happy and enthusiastic spectators.
Besides the warships a great fleet of liners, British, French, German, and
others, had gathered, along with numberless graceful yachts and pleasure
steamers, their myriad flags tugging at the halliards in the brisk, south-
westerly breeze.
Nothing comparable as an expression of the impressive power of British
sea-might had ever been witnessed before, and of all the great assemblages of
the Coronation, this mass of huge battleships was perhaps the most striking
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THE NAVAL REVIEW AT SPITHEAD
exemplification of the world- wide sway wielded by our Gracious Sovereign.
Himself a sailor among his sailors, there was no heart that could fail to be
impressed when surveying the scene, as the Royal yacht slowly steamed
through the long lines of stern grey warships, while the dull booming of the
guns accompanied the sailor-monarch as he passed. And still there was
the thought that this great fleet represented but a part of the maritime
power of Britain. Scattered around the seven seas, in the Far East and in
Australasia, round the shores of India and Africa, in the Mediterranean, amid
^-
THE ROYAL YACHT PASSING DOWN THE LINES.
the hundred islands of the Western Indies, and away on the coasts of the
Northern Pacific, the mind's eye could see scores of other battleships and
cruisers, flying the old flag, and keeping watch and ward over British interests
and British trade.
The Royal train, having left Victoria station in the morning at ten
o'clock, reached the South Railway jetty at 12.30. Here a guard of seamen
and marines was mounted, and Their Majesties, who were accompanied by
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THE NAVAL REVIEW AT SPITHEAD
the representatives of various Foreign powers, were received by Admiral
Sir Arthur W. Moore, Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, Rear-Admiral
A. G. Tate, Admiral vSuperintendent of Portsmouth Dockyard, General
Sir C. W. H. Douglas, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Com-
mand, and Major-General J. K. Trotter, General Officer Commanding Southern
Coast Defence, and their respective staffs. The Mayor of Portsmouth and
a deputation of the Corporation were in waiting to present an address, and
on the conclusion of the ceremony Their Majesties proceeded on board the
Victoria and Albert, the Royal Standard was broken at the main, and a salute
was fired from the old Victory. Punctually at two o'clock the Royal yacht
left the jetty, with the Irene, the Trinity House yacht ahead, and followed
by the Royal yacht Alexandra, the Board of Admiralty yacht Enchantress,
and lastly the Fire Queen, flying the flag of the Commander-in-Chief at
Portsmouth.
The Royal yacht was shewing the signal for a speed of eleven knots as
she reached the head of the anchorage at 2.30, and meantime, as if by some
magic transformation, at a signal from the Lord Nelson, the whole fleet,
stretching over an area of some eighteen square miles, simultaneously
" manned ship." Now a thunderous salute, the voice of 3,000 guns, announced
that the King had entered the lines, and as the Royal procession passed back-
wards and forwards through the great floating fortresses, the bluejackets,
standing hand in hand, cheered themselves hoarse with their enthusiastic
welcome, while over the water came the strains of the National Anthem.
It was nearly four o'clock before the Royal yacht completed her journey
through the different lines, His Majesty meantime standing, a solitary figure
outlined on the bridge, with his hand at the salute.
When she finally came to anchor alongside the French flagship Danton,
with the flagship of the Commander-in-Chief abreast, His Majesty held a
reception on board the Victoria and Albert of the foreign admirals, and of
the sixteen admirals flying their flags in the British fleet ; and soon their
smart little steam pinnaces were seen darting in swift flight through the
choppy water and clustering round the gangway of the Royal vessel. This
ceremony occupied fully half an hour, and after the last of the admirals
S3
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
had taken his departure, the Victoria and Albert weighed anchor and the
Royal flotilla was re-formed. Ships were again manned, and officers stood
at attention, and as the Royal yacht steamed off towards Portsmouth Har-
bour, the saluting signal was once more given, and the entire fleet united
in a parting salvo.
THE ILLUMINATION OF THE FLEET.
When nightfall came, although the great ships were blotted out from
sight, the pageants of the day were not over. At half-past nine, the King
and the Queen, along with the Royal children, mounted the long flight of
steps to the balcony of the Semaphore Tower in Portsmouth Dockyard to
witness the illumination of the fleet, accompanied by Admiral Sir Arthur
Moore, the Commander-in-Chief. His Majesty himself gave the signal
by the firing of a rocket, which was followed by a similar signal from the
Lord Nelson, and in an instant, as if controlled by one hand, the whole fleet
burst into a forest of dazzling fire. Every ship was outlined against the
dark background in lines of electric light from stem to stern, and from top-
mast to waterline. The effect was magical and sublime. Such a
superb spectacle, covering miles of sea, had never before been witnessed on
so magnificent a scale. The Royal party remained on the Tower admiring
the beautiful scene until eleven o'clock, when at another signal the fairy
fleet vanished into darkness, and the doings of the great day were over.
84
THE VISIT TO INDIA
CHAPTER IV
THE VISIT TO INDIA.
THE OUTWARD VOYAGE.
ON the morning of the nth November, 1911, Their Majesties left
London at 10.30 and arrived at Portsmouth about midday. They
proceeded on board the Medina, accompanied by Queen Alexandra,
the Queen of Norway, the Prince of Wales, Princess Mary, Princess Victoria,
and Prince Arthur of Connaught, where luncheon was served, and soon after
two o'clock these guests took leave, and the Medina started on her long
voyage. The hearty cheering of the crowds of people who had assembled
on the strand mingled with the solemn booming of the guns of the old
Victory, as the great white ship steamed slowly out. At Spithead she was
joined by her escorting squadron of four cruisers, the Cochrane, Defence,
Argyll, and Natal, in line astern, which accompanied her throughout the
entire journey.
The Royal suite on board comprised the Duchess of Devonshire,
Mistress of the Robes ; Lady Shaftesbury ; The Honourable Venetia Baring, and
Lord Shaftesbury, in attendance upon the Queen : and in attendance upon the
King were H.S.H. the Duke of Teck as personal Aide-de-Camp ; Lord Durham ;
Lord Crewe; Lord Stamfordham; Lord Annaly; Lieutenant-General Sir
Horace Smith-Dorrien. ; Commander Sir Charles Cust ; Captain Godfrey -
Faussett; Sir Derek Keppel; Major Clive Wigram; Major-General Sir Stuart
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THE VISIT TO INDIA
Beatson; Major Lord Charles Fitzmaurice ; Lieutenant- Colonel Sir Havelock
Charles; Sir Edward Henry; Sir James Dunlop Smith; the Honourable John
Fortescue ; Mr. Frank Lucas, and Mr. Jacomb Hood.
During the passage through the Bay of Biscay tempestuous weather
was encountered for several days, but before reaching Gibraltar the gale
moderated, and on the evening of the i-jth November the vessel anchored
safely under shelter of the historic Rock. The town was ablaze with illumina-
tions. On the following morning Their Majesties received the Governor,
General Sir Archibald Hunter, the Governor of Algeciras, the Governor of
THE MEDINA LEAVING PORTSMOUTH.
Cadiz, and others of the leading officials. The cruisers having completed
their coaling, the majestic flotilla again proceeded at 10.30 a.m., under way
for Suez, passing through the lines of the Atlantic fleet, which had assembled
outside the mole to salute the Royal yacht as she passed out. Beautiful
weather was experienced on the voyage through the Mediterranean, and
at sunset on the 2oth, the Medina arrived at Port Said, where the Royal
party remained until the morning of the 22nd. During their stay, H.H. the
Khedive, Lord Kitchener, the Sirdar, General Maxwell, and many others
87
ON BOARD THE MEDINA AT PORT SAID.
Back Row — General Sir Reginald Wingate, H.H. Prince Mahomed Ali I'aslia, The Duke 01 Teck,
Prince Zia-ed-Din, The Khedive, H.M. The King, and Lord Kitchener.
Front Row — H.M. The Queen, and H.K. Kianiil Pasha.
ON BOARD THK MEDINA AT ADKX.
Hf.r Majesty is talking to the Duke of Teck. Next to the Duke are the Duchess of Devonshire
and Lord Crewe.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
of the leading officials had the honour of being received by Their Majesties.
Passing through the Canal and the Red Sea, the next call was made at Aden,
which was reached on the ayth November, to the thunder of the salutes of
one hundred and one guns from the men-of-war assembled there. In the
afternoon Their Majesties went ashore, and drove through the gaily-decorated
streets of the town, accompanied by the Resident, Major-General John Bell and
Lady Bell, and escorted by a picturesque guard composed of Native Cavalry
with Camel-men in the rear, to the Residency, where a reception was held.
On the following morning the Medina weighed anchor and continued her
voyage to Bombay, which was reached on the morning of the 2nd December,
twenty-one days after leaving Portsmouth.
THE ARRIVAL AT BOMBAY.
VTEEDL.ESS to say, the reception prepared for Their Majesties by the loyal
inhabitants was most enthusiastic and striking. The Viceroy, accom-
panied by the Governor of Bombay, Sir George Clarke, came on board to
welcome them, followed by the Commander-in-Chief of the East India Squadron
and others of the high officials. In the afternoon Their Majesties landed at
the Apollo Bundar, where an ornate pavilion had been erected, and a loyal
address of welcome was presented by Sir Pherozshah Mehta, President of
the Municipal Corporation, to which the King-Emperor made a gracious
reply. A procession was then formed and Their Majesties with their staff
drove through the gaily decorated streets, returning by Malabar Point to the
wharf. The two following days were spent on board the Medina and in
various visits on shore, and at 10.45 p.m., on the 5th December, the Royal
party entrained for the thousand-mile journey to Delhi, which was reached
on the morning of the 7th December.
THE STATE ENTRY INTO DELHI .
HPHEIR Majesties alighted at the Selimgarh Station at ten o'clock, where
the Viceroy with Lady Hardinge and a noble assemblage of leading
Indian officials and Princes were in waiting to receive them, while the
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guns of the grey old fort thundered out a welcoming salute of one hundred
and one guns. After the native Princes had been presented, His Majesty
mounted his charger, and, headed by the heralds and the various staffs,
the State Procession was formed, in the following order :—
THE ROYAL PROCESSION MOUNTED.
Captain Raban. Capt. R. E. T. Hogg. Captain H. Hill.
Capt. L- F. Ashburner. Major the
Hon. W. G. S. Cadogan.
Hon. Col. Hafiz
Major H. R. Stockley. Muhammad Abdullah Major E. D. Money.
Khan.
Hon. Col. Sir
Muhammad Aslam Khan. Col. Viscount Hardinge. Col. F. Goodwin.
Col. H. E. Stanton. Br.-Gen. H. D'U. Keary. Br.-Gen. C. J. Mellis.
Br.-Gen. Birdwood. Capt. B. G. Godfrey- H.H. Prince George
Faussett. of Battenberg.
The Hon. Sir Derek Br.-Gen. R. E. Grimston. Com. Sir E. Cust.
Keppel. Lt.-Gen. Sir H.
Sir Edward Henry. Gen. Sir E. Barrow. Smith-Dorrien.
Sir Henry McMahon. The Lord-in-Waiting. Lord Stamfordham.
H.H. The Maharajah of H.H. The Maharajah of
Bikaner of Bikaner. Gwalior.
Bodyguard.
Household Cavalry Orderlies.
H.E. The Commander-in-Chief. H.H. The Duke of Teck.
Major C. Wigram. Major Lord C. Fitzmaurice.
<Ibc Ikimj^Emperor.
The Marquis of Crewe. O.C. Escort.
H.E. The Governor-General.
(in a carriage with the Duchess of Devonshire and the Earl of Durham) .
The O.C. Bodyguard riding on the right of the carriage ; Major-Gen. Sir
Pratap Singh on the left.
THE STATE ENTRY INTO DELHI.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
Lt.-Col. Watson, Major-Gen. Sir Stuart Beatson (on horseback).
Second Carriage.
Lady Hardinge, the Earl of Shaftesbury, and A.D.C.-in-Waiting.
Third Carriage.
The Countess of Shaftesbury, the Hon. Venetia Baring, Mr. J. H. Du Boulay.
Fourth Carriage.
Mr. F. H. Lucas, Sir James Dunlop-Smith, Rear-Admiral Sir Colin Keppel.
Fifth Carriage.
Lieut. -Colonel Bird, the Hon. J. Fortescue, Sir R. Havelock Charles.
H.H. THE NIZAM OF HYDERABAD AND SUITE ARRIVING AT KIXGSWAY STATION.
The route of the Procession lay by the way of the Khas Road, past the
Jamma Musjid, the Chandni Chauk, Dufferin Bridge, the Mori Gate, Rajpur
Road, and via the Ridge to the King-Emperor's camp. The day was mag-
nificent. A cool wind tempered the rays of the sun, and the roads and roofs
of the houses were everywhere crowded with spectators, who watched the
passage of Their Majesties in spellbound silence, as is the Oriental custom.
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The camp was reached shortly after midday, and in the afternoon the King
held his first audience of Ruling Chiefs.
During the two days following, viz., the 8th and gth December, His
Majesty continued his reception of the native Princes, giving to each an
individual audience and welcome. On the loth, Sunday, Divine Service
was held at Jagatpur Island, a large number of troops with massed bands
being present. On the nth, colours were presented to various battalions
of British infantry, and in the afternoon Their Majesties paid a visit to the
polo-ground to witness a match between the King's Dragoon Guards and
the Inniskilling regiment. These were the final events preliminary to the
culminating ceremonial of the following day, the great Durbar of the iath
December.
THE DELHI DURBAR
JF the great ceremonials at home were transcendent in their magnificence
and religious solemnity, what shall be said of the Imperial Durbar,
in its Oriental setting ?
That far-off sunlit plain, where some fifty odd years ago East and West
met in deadly conflict, whilst British rule in India hung trembling in the
balance, was now about to behold the gathering of a loyal and happy multitude,
such as India, that land of pageantry, had never before witnessed ; a vast
and imposing concourse, assembled to pay homage and allegiance to their
newly-crowned King-Emperor from beyond the Seas. From the pine-clad
Himalayas to the palm-fringed shores of Ceylon, a hundred feudatories and
nigh a hundred thousand lieges crowded to acclaim their sovereign.
All night long a thin but continuous stream of natives had been creeping
slowly in the moonlight along the main roads converging on the camp, and
the first streaks of the Indian dawn found a vast concourse of all races, mostly
on foot, others in tongas and in gharries, and some in slow-footed bullock-
carts with their gaudy trappings, wending their way to the great amphitheatre.
Babus in their white dhoties, long-haired Pathans from the hills, sturdy little
Ghurkas, tall, lithe Sikhs, passed in long procession through the still chilly
atmosphere. Then followed later in gorgeous raiment, scores of Native
95
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Princes, in gilded coaches magnificently horsed, diamonds, rubies, emeralds
and every other gem sparkling in the early sunlight on their turbaned
heads, to find their allotted places in the great semi-circular grand stand
facing the Shamiana, on the southern side of the arena, where about twelve
thousand privileged spectators were seated.
From the historic Ridge, which during those fateful weeks re-echoed
to the cannonade of Nicholson's guns, the eye traversed a panorama of gilded
cupolas and minarets and snow-white tents, encircling the great Royal
Pavilion of white and crimson, crowned with its gilded dome. Surrounding
the latter in serried ranks, stood file upon file of troops, the pick of British
and Native regiments, while in the distance the view was closed by a silent
multitude closely packed on the great mound which had been thrown up
around the whole of the northern semicircle. Here not a foot of space was
left unoccupied ; thousands upon thousands of snow-white turbans inter-
mingled with pagris of yellow and green, the effect was that of a living tapestry
and conveyed an indelible impression of the immensity of the gathering.
Truly it was an Imperial scene, calculated to strike the chords that lie deepest
in the human mind, and every one who was privileged to witness it will long
carry in their memories a vivid picture of this huge coliseum shimmering
in the Indian sunlight.
Meantime in the King-Emperor's camp by nine o'clock the Royal Escort
of Horse Artillery was being formed, and at half-past ten the suite began
to leave for the amphitheatre, followed shortly after by the Viceroy and L,ady
Hardinge. At half-past eleven Their Majesties left the camp in an open
landau drawn by four horses, with two Indian attendants behind them
carrying the gold and crimson umbrella and the large gold fan-like sunshade,
the Eastern emblems of Royalty.
The King was dressed in a white satin garment, with a surcoat of purple
velvet edged with gold, and wore his Imperial Crown, blazing with diamonds,
with the Collar of the Garter and the Order of the Star of India. Her Majesty
was arrayed in white with gold embroidery, and a robe of purple, and wore
a circlet of emeralds and diamonds, with the Orders of the Garter and of
96
THE VISIT TO INDIA
the Crown of India. General Rimington and Sir Pratap Singh rode beside
their carriage, and just before noon, when Their Majesties reached the entrance
to the great enclosure, the guns thundered forth a salute of one hundred and
one guns, and the whole of the vast assemblage rose to its feet, while the
long, glittering procession passed at a walking pace around the eastern side
of the circular road to the Shamiana so that all might see them.
On arriving at the Shamiana the King and Queen were received by the
Viceroy, and while the Royal Standard was unfurled from the towering
flagstaff, and the massed bands played the National Anthem, Their Majesties
THKIR .MAJESTIES ARRIVING FOR Til]-; DT'RISAR CEREMONY, WEARING
THEIR CROWNS.
ascended and took their seats on the two thrones on the dai's. On either side
were the Viceroy and L,ady Hardinge, L,ord Crewe, the Duke of Teck, the
Duchess of Devonshire, Lord Shaftesbury, The Honourable Venetia Baring
and others in attendance.
Then after a fanfare of trumpets His Majesty rose and, the whole assembly
rising also, read in his customary strong, clear voice, the following speech :—
It is with genuine feelings of thankfulness and satisfaction that
I stand here to-day among you. This year has been to the Queen-
Empress and myself one of many great ceremonies and of an unusual
G 97
THEIR MAJESTIES CROWNED.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
though happy burden of toil. But in spite of time and distance, the
grateful recollections of our last visit to India have drawn us again to the
land which we then learned to love, and we started with bright hopes
on our long journey to revisit the country in which we had already
met the kindness of a home.
In doing so I have fulfilled the wish expressed in my message
of last July, to announce to you in person my Coronation, celebrated
on the 22nd June in Westminster Abbey, when by the Grace of God the
Crown of my forefathers was placed on my head with solemn form and
ancient ceremony.
By my presence with the Queen-Empress I am also anxious to
show our affection for the loyal Princes and faithful peoples of India,
and how dear to our hearts is the welfare and happiness of the Indian
Empire.
It is a sincere pleasure and gratification to myself and the Queen-
Empress to behold this vast assemblage and in it my governors and
trusty officials, my great Princes, the representatives of the peoples,
and deputations from the military forces of my Indian Dominions.
I shall receive in person with heartfelt satisfaction the homage
and allegiance which they loyally desire to render.
I am deeply impressed with the thought that a spirit of sympathy
and affectionate goodwill unites Princes and peoples with me on this
historic occasion.
Finally I rejoice to have this opportunity of renewing in my own
person those assurances which have been given you by my revered
predecessors of the maintenance of your rights and privileges and of
my earnest concern for your welfare, peace, and contentment.
To all present, feudatories and subjects, I tender our loving
greeting.
At the conclusion of His Majesty's speech, which was received in mute
homage by his Indian subjects and with cheering and acclamation by the
Europeans, the Governor-General, the High Officials, and the Ruling Chiefs
approached to do homage in their respective orders of precedence. First
99
THE KING-EMPEROR'S BODYGUARD (THE IMPERIAL CADET CORPS).
THE YOUNG PRINCES ATTENDANT ON THEIR MAJESTIES AT THE DURBAR.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
came the Viceroy, then the Members of the Executive Council, followed by
the Chiefs of Hyderabad, Baroda, Mysore, Kashmir, Rajputana, Central
India, Baluchistan, and Sikkim and Bhutan. After these came the Chief
Justice and Judges of the High Courts, the Members of the legislative Council,
the Governors and lieutenant-Governors of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, the
Punjab, Burma and Eastern Bengal and Assam, and the Chief Commissioners
MAJOR-GENERAL H.JI. SIR PRATAP SINGH OF IDAR, G.C.S.I., K.C.B. A.D.C.
of the Central and North-West Provinces, the entire ceremony, which was
most impressive and picturesque, occupying about an hour.
The homage ended, Their Majesties arose. The massed bands struck
up a march. The whole assemblage rose to its feet, and hand-in-hand the
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King and Queen walked slowly in procession from the Shamiana along the
paved roadway to the great Royal Pavilion. With the mace-bearers in front
of them and followed by their suite, they ascended the steps and took their
seats on two gorgeous thrones, in full view of all the multitude of people.
Again a loud nourish of trumpets and a roll of drums, and from outside
the amphitheatre the heralds advanced through the north entrance, accom-
panied by twenty-four trumpeters, mounted on white horses. As they
advanced along the central road, they halted thrice, and blew a fanfare.
Then the chief herald, riding up before the pavilion, read the King-Emperor's
proclamation as follows :—
WHEREAS, by our Royal Proclamations bearing date the nine-
teenth day of July and the seventh day of November in the Year of
Our lyord one thousand nine hundred and ten in the First Year of Our
Reign. We did publish and declare Our Royal intention, by the Favour
and Blessing of Almighty God, to celebrate the Solemnity of Our Royal
Coronation upon the twenty-second day of June, one thousand nine
hundred and eleven ;
AND WHEREAS, by the Favour and Blessing of Almighty God,
We were enabled to celebrate the said Solemnity upon Thursday, the
twenty- second of June last ;
AND WHEREAS, by Our Royal Proclamation bearing date the
twenty-second day of March in the Year of Our I^ord one thousand nine
hundred and eleven in the First Year of Our Reign, we did declare that
it was Our wish and desire Ourselves to make known to all Our loving
Subjects within Our Indian Dominions that the said Solemnity had
so been celebrated, and to call to Our Presence Our Governors, Lieutenant -
Governors, and other of Our Officers, the Princes, Chiefs, and Nobles of
the Native States under Our Protection, and the Representatives of all
the Provinces of Our Indian Empire :
Now We do, by this Our Royal Proclamation, make announcement
thereof and extend to all Our Officers, and to all Princes, Chiefs and
Peoples now at Delhi assembled Our Royal and Imperial greeting and
103
THE KING AM) QUEEN SHOWING THEMSELVES TO THE PEOPLE BELOW
THE FORT.
THE REVIEW BY HIS MAJESTY.
THE BIKANER CAMEL CORPS PASSING THE SALUTING POINT.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
assure them of the deep affection with which We regard Our Indian
Empire, the welfare and prosperity of which are and ever will be Our
constant concern.
Given at Our Court at Delhi, the twelfth day of December,
one thousand nine hundred and eleven in the Second Year of Our Reign.
Save TLbc 1kiiu>]£mpcror.
The Indian Herald then repeated the Proclamation in Urdu : there
was another blast of trumpets, the bands burst into the National Anthem,
the troops presented arms, the artillery fired salvo upon salvo, and the whole
line of troops along the route of three miles from the King's Camp fired a
feu de joie, while the great concourse of people stood silent, gazing at the
two central figures of the King and Queen, likewise standing, raised high
above them under the shining canopy, in their gorgeous robes. It was the
culminating moment of the great day.
At last the booming of the cannon died away. Their Majesties descended
the steps of the Pavilion and returned hand-in-hand to the Shamiana, the
procession being formed as before. And now, when all thought the official
programme was finished, came the great surprise of the day. Standing in
the Shamiana and reading in a clear voice from a paper in his hand, the
King-Emperor made the historic announcement of the change of the capital
from Calcutta to Delhi. While the news flew from mouth to mouth, the
trumpeters blew a last fanfare, Their Majesties descended and re-entered
their carriage and drove off amid loud cheering, followed by the Imperial
suite, while the people crowded in thousands round the Pavilion and the
Shamiana, many of them prostrating themselves before the empty thrones
and on the marble steps.
Thus ended the great Durbar, a scene the story of which will be carried
far and wide by those who saw it, rajah and ryot, to the remotest villages of
India, to be handed down and repeated to their children's children, in the
years to come.
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NEPAL, CALCUTTA AND THE HOMEWARD VOYAGE
(~)F the chief events, official and unofficial, which followed after the
ceremony of the great Durbar, and of their Majesties' movements from
the I3th December, 1911, until the time of their re-embarkation at Bombay
on the loth January, 1912, and their safe arrival at Portsmouth on the 5th
February, it is now necessary, for the purposes of this record, to give a brief
chronological account.
Dec. 13. On this day a National Festival was held in Delhi, com-
prising agreat religious assemblage of all creeds, Mahomedans, Hindus, Sikhs,
Jains, etc., drawn from all parts of India. In the morning loyal prayers for
the King-Emperor were offered in the Jama Musjid, and elsewhere, and
later the various religious processions met, to the number of half a million
people, on the plain beneath the walls of the Fort. In the afternoon, Their
Majesties appeared on the historic balcony (known as Shah Jehan's balcony),
overlooking the plain, and sitting, robed and crowned, showed themselves to
the multitude, who subsequently defiled past them.
Dec. 14. Review by His Majesty of about 50,000 troops of all ranks
under the command of General Sir O'Moore Creagh, at Dahirpur. Many
of the Indian Chiefs led their cavalry past in person, including the Maharajah
of Gwalior, the Maharajah of Bikaner and the youthful Maharajahs of Jodhpur
and Bahawalpur. In the evening an Investiture was held, when the Queen-
Empress was the first to be invested with the Order of the Star of India.
Dec. 15. This morning Their Majesties laid the first stones of the
New Delhi, near the Indian Government's Camp, after a brief ceremony,
and in the afternoon witnessed a military tournament at the polo-ground.
Dec. 16. Last day at Delhi. In the morning most of the Ruling
Chiefs came to take leave of the King, and the parting between them and
His Majesty was one of more than mere formality. At noon Their Majesties
drove in procession to Selimgarh station, and left Delhi, the King-Emperor on
his way to Nepal, the Queen-Empress departing by a different route for
Agra.
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Dec. 18. Arrival of the Royal train at Bikna Thori, where the King was
received by the Prime Minister of Nepal, Sir Chandra Sher Jang Bahadur,
G.C.B., who was awaiting His Majesty on the borders of his State, along
with the British Resident, Colonel Manners Smith, V.C., and other officials.
Dec. 19-28. His Majesty in camp at Kasra and other game centres
in Nepal, where the Maharajah had made elaborate preparations for big game
shooting on an extensive scale. Over six: hundred elephants were provided
and miles of roads cut through the jungle, for the passage of motor-cars, etc.
LEAVING CAMP FOR THE SHOOT.
During these ten days, the King enjoyed magnificent sport, the total bag
being thirty-nine tigers, eighteen rhinoceros and four bears, of which twenty-
one tigers, eight rhinoceros and one bear (thirty head in all) fell to His
Majesty's own rifle.
At six o'clock in the evening of the 28th, after bidding the hospitable
Maharajah farewell, and decorating him with the Grand Cross of the Victorian
Order, the King-Emperor left Nepal and its pleasant memories behind,
and proceeding by way of Muzaffurpur and Patna arrived the following
afternoon (agth December) at Bankipore station. Here he was rejoined
108
THE VISIT TO INDIA
by Her Majesty the Queen, who had, in the interval since leaving Delhi, paid
a succession of visits to Agra, Jeypur, Ajmere, Kotah and other places, where
she had been most loyally and magnificently entertained.
Dec. 30. Arrival at Calcutta. Their Majesties reached Howrah
station at noon, and were received by the Governor-General and L,ady Har-
dinge, and after crossing the Hoogly, landed at Prinsep's Ghat, whence they
drove in procession by a circuitous route through the City to Government
House. The roads were everywhere densely lined with loyal and enthusi-
astic crowds, and the streets and shipping were gaily decorated.
PAGEAXT PROCKSSIOX AT CALCUTTA.
Jan. 2. " Proclamation Parade Day," commemorating the assumption
of the title by Queen Victoria of Empress of India, by a parade of troops
on the Review ground, at which Their Majesties were present. In the evening
His Majesty held a levee at Government House.
Jan. 3. This afternoon the King-Emperor and Queen-Empress
honoured the Calcutta Races with their presence. In the evening there
was a torchlight tattoo on the Maidan — a most beautiful spectacle — followed
109
THE KING EMPEROR AND THE VICEROY PROCEEDING TO THE REVIEW.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
by a magnificent display of illuminations and fireworks, which, were witnessed
by great throngs of people.
Jan. 4. The King-Emperor held an Investiture at Government
House in the evening, Their Majesties afterwards holding a Court.
Jan. 5. Their Majesties drove to the Maidan to witness a Pageant
which had been prepared for the occasion, in celebration of the native festivals
of Nawroz and Daseharah, at which a sumptuous spectacle was provided by
the generosity of a number of the Indian Chiefs, consisting of long trains of
elephants, camels and horses in magnificent trappings, mingled with gorgeous
chariots and troops of horsemen and foot soldiers. This was succeeded by
the historic war-dance of the Orissa Paiks. A number of presentations were
also made to Their Imperial Majesties, who then drove slowly through the
assembled crowds to Government House, the return journey being marked
by great manifestations of loyalty and reverence on the part of the native
population. The day closed with a ball at Government House.
Jan. 8. Departure from Calcutta. All the principal officials attended
at Government House to take leave of Their Majesties, who then drove to
Prinsep's Ghat, through vast crowds, and crossed the Hoogly to Howrah
station, amid salutes from Fort William and H.M.S. Highflyer, and at 12.15
p.m. the Royal train steamed away on its long journey to Bombay.
Jan. 10. Bombay. Their Majesties arrived at the Victoria Terminus
at noon and drove in procession to the Apollo Bundar, where they alighted
and took their seats upon two thrones beneath a pavilion which had been
erected near the landing-place. Here the leading officials, civil and military,
and many of the Indian Chiefs were presented to Their Majesties, and after
a final and affecting farewell, the King and Queen proceeded on board the Royal
launch and once more embarked on the Medina. Here, last of all, the Vice-
roy took leave, and at six o'clock the great ship weighed anchor, and with her
attendant cruisers steamed away on her homeward voyage.
Jan. 17. The Medina arrived at Port Sudan, where Their Majesties
disembarked and were received by Lord Kitchener, Sir Reginald and L,ady
Wingate, Sir Rudolph Slatin Pasha and other high officials. Their Majesties
in
AT CALCUTTA.
(Left to right) Admiral Sir Hcdworth-Lainbtoii, Countess of Mar and Kellie, Lady Lambton, Lord
Charles Montague, Lord Ilardinge's daughter, and Lady Sefton.
THE DEPARTURE FROM BOMBAY.
THE VISIT TO INDIA
thereafter went by train to Sinkat and witnessed a parade ot native Soudanese
troops, returning in the evening to the Medina, which then resumed her journey
to Port Said.
Jan. 20. Arrival at Port Said, where His Highness the Khedive came
on board to welcome Their Majesties.
Jan. 21. Departure from Port Said.
THE i KING-EMPEROR'S , CUP RACE AT CALCUTTA.
Jan. 24. Arrival at Malta at 10 a.m., when salutes of twenty-one guns
were fired by the forts and all the warships, British and Foreign, in the Harbour.
Their Majesties dined in the evening with the Naval Commander-in-Chief and
I,ady Poe at Admiralty House, and afterwards attended a gala performance
at the Opera.
Jan. 27. The Medina sailed from Malta for Gibraltar.
Jan. 30. Their Majesties arrived at Gibraltar at ten o'clock in the
morning, the weather being wet and squally. Owing to the sad news of the
H 113
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
death of the Duke of Fife at Khartoum, most of the arrangements which had
been made for their reception had to be cancelled, but the King received
the Governor, Sir Archibald Hunter, and others of the officials, who came
on board to welcome Their Majesties. On the following day the King and
Queen went on shore and visited the Military Hospital, after witnessing a
parade of troops of the garrison ; and at 6 p.m. the Medina started on the
final stage of her voyage.
ARRIVAL AT PORTSMOUTH.
Spithead was safely reached, after a stormy passage through the Bay
of Biscay, on the morning of Sunday, the 4th February. Early next day
LANDING AT PORTSMOUTH.
the Royal train started from Portsmouth, with the King and Queen,
accompanied by Queen Alexandra, the Prince of Wales and Princess
Victoria, who had travelled from London to meet them. On their
arrival at Victoria station, Their Majesties were welcomed by a large
and distinguished assemblage, including Prince and Princess Christian of
Schleswig-Holstein, Princess Louise (Duchess of Argyll) and the Duke of
Argyll, the Duchess of Albany and others of the Royal Family ; the members
of the Corps Diplomatique, the Prime Minister and other members of the
114
THE VISIT TO INDIA
Cabinet, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Duke of Norfolk, the Duke of
Devonshire, the Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne, Field-Marshal the
Earl Roberts, and many other distinguished personages.
HOME AGAIN.
After receiving from all present warm homage and cordial congratula-
tions on their safe return, Their Majesties, who looked remarkably well after
THEIR MAJESTIES' RETURN.
their long journey, entered their four-horsed carriage, and attended by an
Escort of the Royal Horse Guards, drove by way of Victoria Street, Parliament
Square, Whitehall and the Mall to Buckingham Palace. In spite of the
biting wind, the pavements were thronged with people, anxious to cheer
Their Majesties on their home-coming, and after the procession disappeared
"5
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
through the archway of the Palace, a great crowd waited patiently in the
cold, singing the National Anthem and " Home, Sweet Home," until the
well-known window opened and the King and Queen appeared on the balcony,
when they were again greeted with cheer upon cheer, which were graciously
acknowledged by Their Majesties with manifest signs of appreciation. Thus
ended another episode eloquent of London's loyalty.
116
THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S
CHAPTER V
THE THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN
SAINT PAUL'S CATHEDRAL
ON Wednesday, the 6th February, the day following their return, the
King and Queen drove in state from Buckingham Palace to St.
Paul's Cathedral to attend a solemn Service of Thanksgiving for
their safe return from their long voyage.
Despite a cold wind and a damp, grey mist, which rendered the conditions
most uninviting, and deprived what would otherwise have been a picturesque
scene of all its brightness, great crowds gathered in the wet and murky streets,
and their hearty cheers of welcome, accompanied by the singing here and
there of the National Anthem, recalled the enthusiastic scenes of the previous
year in all their fervour and loyalty.
The Procession was timed to leave Buckingham Palace at 11.40 a.m.,
and the route to the Cathedral lay through the Mall, Marlborough Yard,
Pall Mall, Duncannon Street, the Strand, Fleet Street and Ludgate Hill. It
consisted of five open state landaus, each drawn by four bay horses. Their
Majesties were accompanied in the first carriage by the Prince of Wales and
Princess Mary, while Prince George was in the second carriage, along with the
Duchess of Devonshire, The Countess of Shaftesbury and the Earl of Granard,
Master of the Horse.
117
THEIR MAJESTIES AT SAINT PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.
THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S
The full order of the Procession was as follows : —
First Division of Escort.
First Carriage.
State Postillion Landau and four bay horses.
Left Troop 1bl0 fll>aje9t\> £bC Iking. Squadron
Leader. Ifoci* flDajest\> £be (SUteeil. Commander.
H.R.H. the Prince of Wales.
H.R.H. the Princess Mary.
RIDERS.
Major-General Lieut. -General
Sir A. E. Codrington, Sir H. L. Smith-Dorrien,
General Officer Commanding Aicle-de-Camp
the London District. General in Waiting.
Major Captain Hon.
Lord Charles Major Sir Charles
Fitzmaurice, Clive Wigram, Fitzwilliam,
Equerry in Equerry in Crown
Waiting Waiting. Equerry.
Lieut.-Colonel H. H.
Colonel G. C. Nugent, the Duke of Teck,
Field Officer in Brigade Waiting Silver Stick in Waiting.
Captain the Hon. J. F.
Hepburn-Stuart- Captain G. E. M.
Forbes-Trefusis, Mundy,
Adjutant in Brigade Silver Stick
Waiting. Adjutant.
Second Division of Escort.
Second Carnage.
State Postillion Landau and four bay horses.
H.R.H. the Prince George.
119
THE BISHOP OF LONDON.
THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S
The Duchess of Devonshire,
Mistress of the Robes.
The Countess of Shaftesbury,
Lady in Waiting.
The Earl of Granard,
Master of the Horse.
Third Carriage.
State Postillion Landau and four bay horses.
The Hon. Venetia Baring,
Maid of Honour.
The Earl of Durham,
Lord High Steward.
The Earl of Shaftesbury,
Lord Chamberlain to the Queen.
Fourth Carriage.
State Postillion Landau and four bay horses.
The Lord Annaly,
Lord in Waiting.
Lieut. -Col. Right Hon. Sir W. Carington,
Keeper of the Privy Purse.
Lieut. -Col. the Lord Stamfordham,
Private Secretary.
Captain Philip Hunloke,
Groom in Waiting.
Fifth Carriage.
State Postillion Landau and four bay horses.
Commander Sir Charles Cust,
Equerry in Waiting.
The Hon. Sir Derek Keppel,
Equerry in Waiting.
121
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
Lieut. -Col. Sir Frederick Ponsonby,
Equerry in Waiting.
Captain B. Godfrey-Faussett, R.N.,
Equerry in Waiting.
A Captain's Escort, without Standard.
Scarlet Liveries.
Milts S. Kaye.
THE RIGHT HOX. THE LORD MAYOR (SIR THOMAS BOOR CROSBY).
The King was dressed in the uniform of a Field-Marshal and Her Majesty
wore sable furs and a black velvet hat with black ostrich plumes. The Prince
of Wales was in midshipman's uniform, and Princess Mary in black. A
122
THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S
rousing welcome greeted them as they emerged from the Palace and cheer
upon cheer accompanied them as they passed along the Mall to Duncannon
Street, where a brief halt was made in order that the King might receive an
address of welcome from the Corporation of the City of Westminster. At
Temple Bar, where great crowds had assembled, the Lord Mayor, in scarlet
robe and ermine cape, with the Sheriffs and Aldermen of the City of London,
were waiting to receive His Majesty according to the old-time function, and
precisely at midday the Royal procession reached the west door of the great
Cathedral, where they were formally received by the Dean, the Canons Resi-
dentiary, and the clergy of the Cathedral.
Meantime a great and representative gathering of over five thousand
people had assembled beneath the vast Cathedral roof. Long before the hour
fixed for the service they commenced to arrive, and in a dense mass filled
all the available spaces in the nave and the aisles. Galleries had also been
erected high above the doors, which afforded accommodation for others. A
band of officers and men selected from the crew of the Medina were present.
Among the earlier arrivals were the French and German Ambassadors, and
the Ambassadors and Ministers representing Austria, Spain, Japan, the Nether-
lands, and other Powers. Following them came the Duke of Devonshire, the
Marquis of Lansdowne, Earl Carrington, Lord Midleton, the Earl of Aberdeen,
and many others of the nobility, until by half-past eleven every visitor had
arrived save the members of the Royal Family. They also came a few
minutes later, namely, the Duchess of Albany, Prince and Princess Christian,
Princess Louise and the Duke of Argyll and others, and took their places in
front of the chancel steps, while the magnificent orchestra, under the direction
of the Cathedral's distinguished organist, Sir George Martin, played Mendels-
sohn's wonderful " Hymn of Praise."
Punctually at midday, a fanfare of trumpets outside announced the
arrival of Their Majesties, and while the great congregation rose and stood
motionless, the procession, which had been quickly formed, entered in striking
array and went slowly up the aisle to the carpeted dais. First, the Minor
Canons, preceded by the Cross-Bearer, and then the Prebendaries, followed
123
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
by some twenty Bishops in their vestments. To these succeeded the Arch-
bishops of Canterbury and York, the Canons Residentiary, and the vSheriffs
and the Lord Mayor, the latter bearing the Pearl Sword of the City of London.
Then came Their Majesties the King and Queen, Queen Alexandra, the Prince
of Wales, Princess
Mary and others of
the Royal Family,
followed by the
Dean of St. Paul's.
When the Royal
party had taken
their seats almost
beneath the centre
of the great dome,
the City Sword was
deposited in front
of His Majesty, the
clergy proceeded to
the Sanctuary, and
the Lord Mayor and
Sheriffs to their
stalls. Then the
low rumble of the
drums slowly grew
into the opening
chords of the
National Anthem,
and to the swelling
strains of the great
organ, the whole vast assemblage took up the loyal Hymn. Then followed the
"Te Deum Laudamus," to Sir George Martin's beautiful setting, after which
the special Collects and Prayers, specially written for the State Service at Delhi,
were said. The Archbishop of Canterbury, standing on the chancel steps
THE LADY MAYORESS.
124
THANKSGIVING SERVICE IN SAINT PAUL'S
with his cross beside him, next preached in clear and ringing tones a brief but
moving sermon. " Through three months of a dark winter at home," he
said, "we at home have daily prayed that God would preserve by sea and
land our King and our Queen, and
that their journey might tend to
the increase of goodwill among the
peoples of India. Shall we fail to
give thanks now for the 'rich, the
almost startlingly rich, answer to
our prayers ? . . . . When
Christmas came our King and
Queen were more than seven
thousand miles away. But the old
refrain of the Christmas message,
' Peace on earth, goodwill towards
men,' rang out for us with an added
note of meaning as our Christmas
prayers went up to God, and the
goodwill in East and West is
on everybody's lips to-day.
Mius s. Kay*. centuries ago the old world used to
SHERIFF BRIGGS.
see what men called a ' triumph '
when the victor brought back to the centre of Empire the far-off chiefs
whom he, had conquered. Our triumph song to-day is for the conquest,
not of foemen, but of friends, and the bonds are woven strands of
loyalty and love." Then with uplifted hands, the Archbishop pronounced
his benediction : — " The Lord preserve your going out and your coming in
from this time forth and even for evermore," to which the whole congregation
responded with a fervent " Amen."
The brief but impressive service was finished. Beethoven's joyous
" Hallelujah Chorus " was played, the Archbishop gave his final blessing,
and to the strains of the noble chorale " Nun danket alle Gott," sung by
the massed choirs and the vast congregation, Their Majesties returned in
125
CORONATION OF KING GEORGE V.
procession to the west door, and amid the impulsive cheering of the tens of
thousands gathered around the Cathedral, entered their carriage. The
return journey was made by way of Ludgate Hill, New Bridge Street, the
Victoria Embankment, Northum-
berland Avenue, the Admiralty
Arch and the Mall to Buckingham
Palace, which was reached about
half-past one o'clock, through vast
lines of cheering crowds along the
whole of the route. As formerly,
Their Majesties, on this occasion
accompanied by the Prince of
Wales, Princess Victoria and Prince
George, showed themselves on the
balcony to the delighted people.
Thus ended the final scene,
and with it, the ceremonies of the
Great Coronation ; and, while the
curtain is rung down on the closing
act of this Historical Pageant, let
us again, with one accord, echo the Nation's prayer that, with the
Grace of God, Their Majesties may long live to reign over a Happy
and Contented People, and that Peace and Prosperity may prevail
throughout the Empire.
Mila S. Kavc
SHERIFF HANSON.
GOD SAVE THE KING.
126
PART II
BIOGRAPHIES
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE.
GREAT BRITAIN
GREAT BRITAIN AND THE CONTINENT.
DORN at Edenbridge, Kent, the 2gth December, 1861, DR. WALTER ALC'OCK
received a musical education at the National Training School for Music,
where he gained the Society of Arts Scholarship in 1876. He studied for
five years under Sir
Arthur Sullivan, Sir John
Stainer, Sir Frederick
Bridge, Dr. Eaton
Failing, Dr. Prout, Dr.
W. H. Monk, and Mr.
John Francis Barnett.
Subsequently he received
the following appoint-
ments : organist of
Twickenham Parish
Church, 1880-1887 ; of
Quebec Chapel, W., 1887-
1895 ; of Holy Trinity,
Sloane Street, 1895-1900;
organist and composer
to H.M.'s Chapels Royal,
1902 ; organist at the
Coronation of King
Edward and Queen Alexandra ; organist at the Coronation of King George V.
and Queen Mary, and composer of the music to the " Sanctus " at the latter
ceremony. For his services at the Coronation of King George, he was created
M.V.O. (5th Class). Dr. Alcock was appointed by the Dean and Chapter of
DR. WALTER ALCOCK.
129
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Westminster, assistant organist of Westminster Abbey in 1896, and was
responsible for the music there at the Memorial Services to President
McKinley, to Lord Salisbury, to the Baroness Burdett-Coutts and to Sir H.
Campbell-Bannerman. He was organist at the Funeral Service in memory
of King Edward VII. in Westminster Abbey, and at the private services at
Buckingham Palace, which were specially arranged by desire of Queen
Alexandra.
Dr. Alcock is a Fellow of the Royal College of Organists and a Member
of the Council ; an Associate of the Royal College of Music, and has been a
Professor of the Organ there since 1893. He is also an Examiner to the
Associated Board of the R.A.M. and the R.C.M., an External Member of the
Board of Musical Studies, London Univ., and a Mus. Doc. of Durham
University, 1905. He was presented with the Silver Coronation Medal by
King Edward VII., and later with a gold watch by Queen Alexandra at
Buckingham Palace.
Dr. Alcock's work as a
composer of Church music is
well known, and includes a
"Hymn to Peace," dedicated
by special permission to Queen
Alexandra.
CHARLES H. BIRD, ESQ., Lord
Mayor of Cardiff, is the
eldest son of the late Robert
Bird, Esq., J.P., and was born
in Gloucester in 1862. After
being educated at a private
school at Cardiff and at Taunton
Independent College, he joined
his father in the business of
oil importers and chemical
THB LORD MAYOR OP CARDIFF.
130
GREAT BRITAIN
manufacturers at Cardiff. The late Mr. Robert Bird took a conspicuous
part in the public life of Cardiff, not only as a staunch Radical and
ardent Nonconformist, but also as a member of the Council and as Mayor.
The Lord Mayor is also a Radical and a Nonconformist, but apart from
Corporation work he has taken comparatively little active part in public
life. He married Lilian Waite, a daughter of the late Benjamin
Waite, Esq., of Ben Rhydding, Yorkshire, by whom he has two sons.
He is a member of the United Methodist Church, Newport Road, of
which he is a trustee, and for many years he was superintendent of the
Sunday School. He is one of the Vice-P residents of the Cardiff Liberal
Association, a member of the Executive of the National Liberal Federation,
and also of the Court of Governors of the University of Wales, and of
South Wales and Monmouthshire University College Council. He is
Managing Director of Messrs. Bird and Son, Ltd., oil importers and
chemical manufacturers, and a Director of the Crown Preserved Coal
Co., Ltd., of Cardiff and Port Talbot. The Lord Mayor has been a
member of the Cardiff Council since 1899.
CIR FREDERICK BRIDGE, C.V.O., Mrs. Doc., M.A., affectionately known
throughout the music-loving world as " Westminster Bridge," is
the oldest Cathedral or Abbey organist — not in years possibly, but as
regards length of service — in this country. Taking his start at the early
age of six, up to the present time his Cathedral life covers sixty years.
His varied work and energetic career will be seen by the table annexed.
Besides this he has done as much as any man of his time to raise his
loved art from the region of general effeminacy into the healthy, robust
position it at present occupies. A lover of outdoor exercise and sport,
blest with an active, strong constitution, he is a wit and humorist of a
thoroughly original and natural order. His beautifully appointed rooms
in The Cloisters at Westminster Abbey, where, as is seen in the accompany-
ing picture, his photograph was taken, are the resort of his many friends
in the musical and social world of to-day.
131
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
To attempt any biographical sketch in the space at our disposal would
be impossible, and we must content ourselves with giving the following
unadorned record of his active and eventful life.
1844 — Dec. 5. Born at Oldbury,
Worcestershire.
1850 — 1859. Chorister at Roch-
ester Cathedral,
and Articled Pupil
of J. Hopkins.
(Subsequently a
pupil of Sir John
Goss.)
1865 — 1869. Organist of Trinity
Church, Windsor.
(1868.) Bachelor of Music
Degree at Oxford
University.
1869 — 1875. Organist of Man-
chester Cathedral.
(1872.) Professor of Har-
mony at Owens
College, Manches-
ter.
Doctor of Music at
(1874.)
1875—1882.
SIR FRKDKRICK BRIDGE, C.V.O., Mus. Doc., M.A.
1882.
Oxford University .
Appointed Perma-
nent Deputy
Organist of West-
minster Abbey.
1887.
Appointed Organist and Master of the Choristers of West-
minster Abbey in succession to James Turle.
Director of the Music at Queen Victoria's Jubilee Service in
132
GREAT BRITAIN
Westminster Abbey. Received the personal
thanks of Her Majesty and the Medal.
1890. Appointed Gresham Professor of Music.
1896. Appointed Conductor of the Royal Choral Society.
x&97- Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. Knighted.
1902. Director of the Music at the Coronation of King
Edward VII. and Queen Alexandra. Decorated
by the King with 4th Class of the Victorian
Order.
1910. Directed the Music at Westminster Hall at the Lying-
in-State Service for King Edward.
1911. Appointed by the King Director of the Music at the
Coronation of Their Majesties King George V. and
Queen Mary.
Sir Frederick is also : King Edward Professor of Music in the London
University ; Professor of Harmony and Counterpoint at the Royal College
of Music; Conductor of the Old Madrigal Society (the oldest Society in
England) ; a Past President of the Royal College of Organists ; Chairman
of the Board of Trinity College of Music, London, and Conductor of
the Royal Choral Society.
His compositions are very numerous and varied, including : " Callirhoe "
(Dramatic Cantata, composed for the Birmingham Musical Festival, 1888) ;
" Rock of Ages " ; " Flag of England " (Choral Ballad) ; " Inchcape Rock " ;
" Cradle of Christ " ; "A Song of the English " (1911) ; " Mort d' Arthur "
(Overture) ; numerous theoretical works ; anthems.
PIENNES STANLEY WYKEHAM CORNWALLIS, ESQ., is the son of Major
Fiennes Cornwallis and Harriett, daughter of J. T. Mott, Esq., of
Barningham Hall, Norfolk. He was born in 1864, educated at Eton, and
married Mabel, daughter of the late O. P. Leigh, Esq., of Belmont Hall,
Cheshire, by whom he has three sons and four daughters.
He is Chairman of the Kent County Council ; represented Maidstone
133
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
as Conservative Member in 1888-95 and 1898-1900 ; is retired Colonel in
command of The Queen's Own Imperial Yeomanry, and was President of
the Royal Agricultural Society of England in 1906. He is a member of the
Carlton, Junior Carlton, and Bache-
lors' Clubs, and resides at lyinton Park,
near Maidstone.
JV/TAJOR-GENERAL, EDWARD HENRY
COURTNEY, C.V.O., eldest son
of the late William Courtney, H.E.I.C.S.,
who had held successively every import-
ant post under the Bombay Govern-
ment, until obliged to retire in 1856
through ill health, was born in Baroda
on the 6th August, 1836, and educat-
ed at Sir Roger Cholmondeley's School,
Highgate, and at the Royal Military
Academy, Woolwich, from which he
obtained his commission as Lieutenant
in the Royal Engineers on the 3ist
July, 1855. He served in the China
war, 1858-1860, on the staff of the
Royal Engineers, and was present at
the actions of Sinho, Tangkoo, at the capture of the Taku Forts, and the
surrender of Pekin (receiving a Medal with two Clasps). He returned to
England in February, 1862, and was then appointed to the Ordnance Survey
of Great Britain, 1862-1870, during which period he was engaged on the
Survey of Kincardineshire, Aberdeenshire and Inverness-shire. He was made
a corresponding member of the Antiquarian Society of Scotland for discover-
ing a missing Roman Camp in Aberdeenshire, and was selected by the late
Sir George Chesney in 1872 for the post of Professor of Surveying at the
Royal Indian Engineering College, Cooper's Hill. He remained there until
Lafayette.
F. S. \V. CORNWALI/IS, ESQ.
134
GREAT BRITAIN
1898, and subsequently, on the ist January, 1906, he was appointed
Governor of the Military Knights of Windsor, and was created a C.V.O. in the
following November.
Major-General Court-
ney married in 1862
Mary Dorothy (d. 1904),
daughter of John Saunder,
Esq., and great-niece of
the seventh Earl Walde-
grave, and has two sons
and two daughters, name-
ly, lieutenant-Colonel
Edward Arthur Walde-
grave, born in 1868, mar-
ried in 1894 Hilda Maria
Chapman, daughter of T.
E. Chapman, Esq., of Silks-
worth Hall, Co. Durham;
Captain Reginald William,
born in 1875, married in
1906 Helena Margaret,
daughter of J. Bateman
Thorpe, Esq. ; Mary Stan-
hope, unmarried; and Mar-
garet Edith Maitland, born
in 1870, married in 1893 MAJOR-GENERAL E. H. COURTNEY, c.v.o.
Colonel Hugh J ackson,
Royal Engineers (retired) , now Survey or-General of the Federated Malay States.
Major-General Courtney resides in Governor's Tower, Windsor Castle.
CIR FRANK CRISP, senior partner in Messrs. Ashurst, Morris, Crisp &
Co., solicitors, Throgmorton Avenue, L,ondon, was born in 1843, the
only child of John Shalders Crisp, Esq., and Harriet, only daughter of John
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Childs, Esq., of Bungay, in his day a stalwart opponent of Church rates and of
Bible-printing monopoly. Sir Frank was educated privately and at University
College School, and is an LL.B. and B.A. of the University of London. Study-
ing for the law, he was admitted a solicitor, with honours, in 1869, and is
highly esteemed in the honourable
profession he adorns. Company
law may be accounted as one
of his recreations, and he
was a member of the Board of
Trade Committee for the amend-
ment of the Companies Act.
Science, too, has claimed his
attention, and from 1878 to 1889 he
was Hon. Secretary to the Royal
Microscopical Society ; from 1881
to 1 906 he was Treasurer and Vice-
President of the Linnean Society
of London. He is also keenly
interested in horticultural matters.
Sir Frank, who married in
SIR FRANK CRISP, BART.
" . 1867 Catherine, only daughter
of George D. Howes, Esq., resides
at 5, Lansdowne Road, Holland Park Avenue, W., and at Friar Park,
Henley-on-Thames, and is a member of the Reform, National Liberal, and
City Liberal Clubs.
/COLONEL GEORGE DIXON was born on the 23rd May, 1842, and is the
eldest son of John Dixon, Esq., J.P., D.L-, of Astle Hall, Chelford,
Cheshire, who died in 1873, by Sophia, daughter of the late Thomas William
Egerton Tatton, Esq., of Wythenshawe, Cheshire. He was educated at Eton.
Upon leaving Eton he entered the 25th Regiment King's Own Borderers,
now the King's Own Scottish Borderers, with which regiment he served
136
GREAT BRITAIN
thirteen years, retiring as Captain in 1873. He served abroad with them
at Malta and Canada, taking part in the expedition in Canada in
driving back the Fenians, for which he
obtained the Canadian Medal. He then
joined the 5th Cheshire Rifle Volunteers
as Major under Sir Charles Shakerley,
Bart., serving with them for thirteen years,
when he retired with the rank of Colonel.
He is a Justice of the Peace and a Deputy-
L,ieutenant and served as High Sheriff of
the County in 1881.
In 1889 he entered the Cheshire
County Council, was made Alderman and
Chairman in 1893, and remains so at the
present time.
In 1885 he married Emily Katherine,
second daughter of George Beaucham Cole,
Esq., of Twickenham, Middlesex, and
widow of John B. Glegg, Esq., of Withing-
ton Hall, Cheshire, and has one son, John,
born 1886, and one daughter. Club :
Art r s> COLONEL, GEORGK DIXOX.
^HE VERY REVEREND PHILIP FRANK ELIOT, D.D., K.C.V.O., DEAN OF
WINDSOR, and Domestic Chaplain to His Majesty, was born in Weymouth,
Dorsetshire, on the 2ist December, 1835, and is the third son of William Eliot,
Esq., J.P., D.Iy., and L,ydia, daughter of John Ffoliott, M.P. for Sligo. He
was educated at Bath Grammar School and Trinity College, Oxford (Exhibi-
tioner), and passed 2nd Class Mods., 1855, and and Class Litt. Hum., 1857.
He married, first, in 1859, Mary Anna Marriott, daughter of the Rev. Frank
Smith, Rector of Rushton, Dorset ; second, in 1883, Mary Emma Pitt,
daughter of the fourth L,ord Rivers (d. 1900), and has four sons and four
daughters. He was Curate of St. Michael's, Winchester, from 1858-1860 ;
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Chaplain at Cally, Gatehouse, N.B., 1861-1864 ', Curate of Walcot, Bath, 1864-
1867 ; Vicar of Holy Trinity, Bournemouth, 1867-1890 ; Honorary Canon of
Winchester Cathedral, 1881 ; Canon of Windsor, 1886 ; Dean of Windsor
and Domestic Chaplain to Queen
Victoria, 1891-1901 ; Domestic
Chaplain to King Edward VII.,
1901-1910; Registrar of the
Most Noble Order of the Garter
since 1891 ; and Prolocutor of
the Lower House of the Convo-
cation of Canterbury 1904-
1912.
He resides at The Deanery,
Windsor Castle.
CIK BRODRICK HARTWELL,
BART., is descended from a
Norman family who were granted
the Manor of Hartwell, Bucks,
IL Sir William
THE VERY REV. P. F. ELIOT, D.D., K.C.V.O.
well was knighted in 1501 on
the occasion of the marriage of Arthur, Prince of Wales. A younger branch
of the family settled in Ireland, Captains William and Humphrey Hartwell
having fought in the Irish wars previous to 1649. William was Mayor of
Limerick in 1659, and Humphrey was granted 877 acres in County Limerick,
and 73 in King's County as a reward for military services. He was twice
Mayor of Limerick, in 1676 and 1677, and J.P. for the county. His son,
Captain Samuel Hartwell, was killed at the battle of Landen in 1693. He
had married Anne Barry of Rathcormack, sister and co-heiress of Catherine,
wife of Lord Chancellor Brodrick, ist Viscount Midleton. His son Barry had
a son, Captain Brodrick Hartwell, R.N., who became Lieut. -Governor of
Greenwich Hospital, and he was the father of Captain Sir Francis John
138
GREAT BRITAIN
Hartwell, R.N., of Dale Hall, Essex, a distinguished Naval Officer, after-
wards Colonel of the Deptford and Woolwich Volunteers and a Director of
Greenwich Hospital. He was knighted at St. James's on the 4th May, 1803,
and was created a Baronet on the 26th October, 1805. His son, the Rev.
Houlton Hartwell, was Chaplain to the Prince Regent. The latter' s son, Sir
Brodrick Hartwell, late Goth Rifles, succeeded his grandfather as second
Baronet and died in 1888. His eldest son, Captain Sir Francis Houlton Hartwell,
who succeeded him, served in the I7th Foot (Leicestershire Regiment) in the
Crimea, and afterwards transferred to
the 3rd Foot (The Buffs). He died in
1900, and was succeeded by the present
Baronet, Sir Brodrick Cecil Denham
Arkwright Hartwell, who was born on
the loth July, 1876, in West Hay, near
Taunton, Somersetshire. He is the son
of Captain Edward Hughes Brodrick
Hartwell, R.N. (late Inspector-General
of Constabulary, Jamaica, 1878-1886,
and H.B.M. Consul for Naples and
South Italy, 1886-1895), the second son
of the second Baronet, and Augusta
Henrietta Virginia, daughter of Steward
Henry Paget, Esq., nephew of the first
Marquis of Anglesey. Sir Brodrick, who
spent several years in the West Indies
as a child, was educated at Stubbington
House, Fareham, and in Germany, and also at Bedford, and was Secretary to
the British Consulate, Naples, 1894. He engaged in tea-planting in Ceylon
1897-1900, and went to South Africa with the Ceylon Mounted Infantry when
the war broke out in 1900. He gained a Medal with Clasps and received a
Commission in the I7th Leicestershire Regiment, 1900. He served in Egypt,
1900-1902, in the Channel Isles, 1902-1904, and at L,ongmore and Colchester,
1904-05, and resigned his Commission in 1905. Subsequently he went to
The London Stereoscopic Co.
SIR BRODRICK HARTNVKLL, I!AKT.
139
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Australia, and fitted out a yacht for a prolonged cruise in the Pacific amongst
the South Sea Islands. He rescued the crew of the barque " Annasona,"
which had become a total wreck on Middleton's Reef, and after his cruise
returned to this reef to carry out diving operations on the site of an old wreck
supposed to contain treasure. His yacht was wrecked during a hurricane,
but he finally succeeded in refloating her and returned to Australia. After-
wards he visited Fiji and the Sandwich Islands, returning to England through
Canada in 1907. Sir Brodrick married on the i6th May, 1908, Joan Amy,
only daughter of Robert Milne Jeffrey, of Esquimault, Vancouver Island,
B.C., and has a son, Brodrick William Charles Elwin Hartwell, born the 7th
August, 1909. Sir Brodrick is a Director of several public companies.
Favourite sports : hunting, yachting and shooting.
T> ICHARD GEORGE PENN CURZOX, the present and fourth Earl Howe,
was bora in 1861, and in 1883 married Lady Georgiana Elizabeth
Spencer Churchill, daughter of the seventh Duke of Marlborough. In
1885, he became M.P. for the Southern or Wycombe Division of Bucking-
hamshire, and continued to represent that constituency in the House of
Commons until, by the death of his father in 1900, he passed to the
House of Lords. From 1896 to 1900 he was Treasurer of Her Majesty's
Household, in 1900 became Lord-in-Waiting to Queen Victoria, and
after Her Majesty's death continued to hold the same position to King
Edward. In 1903 he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal
Victorian Order, and since that year has been Lord Chamberlain to
H.M. Queen Alexandra. His Lordship has accompanied Her Majesty
abroad on many occasions, and he holds the G.C. of the Royal Order
of the Saviour (Greece) ; of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland) ; of the
Dannebrog (Denmark) ; of St. Olaf (Norway) ; of the Polar Star (Sweden) ;
of Charles III. of Spain ; G.C. ist Class of the Prussian Order of the Red
Eagle and the Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold of Belgium, whilst he
is also a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour.
The name of the late Countess Howe, who died in 1906, will always be
remembered as the moving spirit in the organization of the Imperial
140
GREAT BRITAIN
Yeomanry Base and Field Hospitals in South Africa during the Boer war,
1900-2, for which the subscriptions amounted to upwards of £174,000 ; and in
addition to this, her L,adyship opened a fund, which reached £24,000, for the
besieged in Mafeking.
In recognition of her
patriotic work, Countess
Howe was made a L,ady
of Grace of the Order of
St. John of Jerusalem.
Gopsall, lyord Howe's
principal residence, in
Leicestershire, was built
in 1758, at a cost of
£100,000, by Mr. Charles
Jennens, the friend and
patron of Handel, for
whose great work, "The
Messiah," he wrote the
libretto. Mr. Jennens
died without issue in
1773 and left the estate to
the Hon. Penn Assheton
Curzon. In the richly
wooded park (about 600
acres in extent), sur-
rounding Gopsall, there is
a splendid herd of red and
fallow deer. The house
is a handsome and com-
modious one, in Corinthian architecture, and is not without Royal associations.
The Stuart rooms, with their tartan hangings, portraits and quaint four-post
bedstead, recall the hazardous life of Charles Edward, the young Pretender,
for whom these apartments were said to have been prepared when a visit
KARL HOWK.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
from him was expected, and in the beautiful cedar-wood chapel is a Com-
munion-table, the feet of which are carved from the oak in which Charles II.
took refuge after the battle of Worcester. The first Earl and Countess
Howe entertained Queen Adelaide (to whom the Earl was Lord Chamberlain)
at Gopsall in days gone by, and relative to our own times it may be
mentioned that the present Earl and his late wife had the honour of receiving
King Edward and Queen Alexandra at Gopsall in 1902, this being their
Majesties' first visit to a country house after their Coronation.
King Edward VII. and Queen Alexandra have honoured L,ord Howe
upon several occasions by their presence at Woodlands, one of his Buckingham-
shire residences, and in 1901 His Majesty went to Penn House in the same
county for shooting. This was the first occasion that His Majesty stayed at
a country house after his accession.
^y ALTER ALBERT JUDD, ESQ., a leading figure in the publishing world,
was born in 1861. In 1884 he printed and published the Illustrated
London News in America. He also established the well-known firm of Messrs.
Hey wood & Co., Ltd., publishers, of which he is Chairman and Managing
Director, and that of Walter Judd, Ltd., of which he is Managing Director.
Mr. Judd is the author of a useful work on the thorny question of "Newspapers
and the Iyaw of Libel," published by Messrs. Heywood & Co., and a director of
the Illustrated London News and Sketch. He is a member of the St. Stephen's,
Le Touquet, and Stoke Poges Clubs, resides at Holly Hill, Stoke Poges,
Bucks., and at Walton, Surrey. His I/mdon addresses are at Milford Lane,
W.C., 5, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., and 150, Holborn, E.C.
OIR GEORGE CLEMENT MARTIN, M.V.O., Mus. Doc., F.R.C.O., was born on
the nth September, 1844, in L,ambourn, a Berkshire village, not far from
Wantage. At the advanced age of sixteen, he became possessed with a desire
to play the organ. Obtaining a copy of Rink's " First Three Months at the
Organ," he studied it with enthusiasm, and by the end of three months he was
able to play at the services in church. He had at this stage, however, no notion
142
GREAT BRITAIN
of music as a profession. That idea was instilled into him by Mr. Barter,
Vicar of Lambourn, who induced him to matriculate at Oxford. He then
commenced to study in earnest under Dr. Stainer, then a rising young musician
and Organist of Magdalen. Taking the degree of Mus. B. in 1868, he was offered
the post of Private Organist to the Dnke
of Buccleuch at Dalkeith . After spending
three happy years there, he was invited
to come and train the choristers of St.
Paul's in the capacity of Master of Song.
In this office he was again connected
with his old teacher, Dr. Stainer, and in
the following year he was permitted to
join to it the post of Assistant Organist.
In 1888, Dr. Stainer (now Sir John)
retired, and the post of Organist and
Director of the Music of the great
Cathedral was then offered to him, an
appointment which he has held ever since .
Sir George received the honour
of knighthood on the occasion of the
Jubilee, in 1897, and was made a member
of the Victorian Order at the Coronation
of King Edward. In 1883 the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury conferred on him
the degree of Mus. Doc., and in 1912 the
University of Oxford also conferred on
him the degree of Mus. Doc., honoris
causa. At the Celebration of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, when Her
Majesty visited St. Paul's, Sir George assembled a choir of 500 voices,
supported by two military bands, for the performance of his "Te Deum," a
work which was composed specially for this occasion.
Sir George is a good sportsman, and takes a keen interest in shooting,
cycling, and golf. He married in 1879, Margaret, daughter of T. M. Cockburn,
SIR C.EORGE CLEMENT MARTIN, M.V.O.,
Mus. Doc., F.R.C.O.
143
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Esq., and has a residence in Amen Court, a delightful little colony of prebendal
and other official houses attached to St. Paul's Cathedral, one group of which,
the work of Wren, with its torch-extinguishers, preserves externally the
tokens of far-off other times and other manners.
T ORD MERTHVR
^ OF SENGHENYDD,
G.C.V.O., the subject
of this memoir, and
President of many
important institu-
tions and companies,
has had a most suc-
cessful and brilliant
career.
He is a large em-
ployer of labour in
connection with col-
leries, tinplate works,
etc., in South Wales
and Monmouthshire,
and is the founder
of the Sliding Scale
Committee of the
Monmouthshi re and
South Wales Coal
Association, and he
also was the founder of the Monmouthshire and South Wales Miners'
Provident Fund, of which he has been Chairman above thirty-one years.
He has sat for many years as a member of various Royal Commissions — -
among others on Coal Mines, on Royalties, on the Action of Coal Dust
in Mines, on Labour Questions, on Coal Supplies, on Trade Disputes,
and on Shipping — and also devoted many years of his life to adjudication
LORD MERTHYR, G.C.V.O.
144
GREAT BRITAIN
of Trade Disputes. He was a Member of the Employers' Panel Court of
Arbitration, a member of various Committees relating to Exhibitions in
Great Britain and also on the British Commissions relating to the Paris
Exhibitions in 1878 and 1901. He has also been a member of the Tariff
Commission since 1904. He contested the Borough of Merthyr Tydvil (C.),
1880, and served as High Sheriff of Breconshire in 1884. He served as
President of the South Wales Institute of Engineers in 1878, and as
President of the Mining Association of Great Britain in 1880 ; also President
of the Institution of Mining Engineers of Great Britain in 1901. He has
been Vice-President of the Iron and Steel Institute, as well as Vice-
President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers for many years;
Member of the Council of the Institution of Civil Engineers, and has been
Chairman of the Monmouthshire and South Wales Board of Examination
for Mining Certificates for thirty years. He was appointed President of
the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshi re in 1911.
He was born in Merthyr Tydvil on the 5th August, 1837, the son of
T. W. lyewis, Esq., Abercanaid House, Merthyr Tydvil, and married, in 1864,
Anne (d. 1902), daughter of \Villiam Rees, Esq., colliery proprietor, L,letty
Shenkin, Aberdare, and has two sons and six daughters. He is a Justice of
the Peace for the counties of Glamorgan, Monmouth, Brecon and Pembroke ;
and Deputy-Iyieutenant for the County of Glamorgan ; Kt. (created 1885) ; ist
Baronet (created 1896) ; was distinguished with the honour of the insignia
K.C.V.O. in 1907 ; created ist Baron of Senghenydd, Co. Glamorgan,
in 1911; is a Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem;
Chairman for Monmouthshire and the whole of Wales for the St. John
Ambulance Association, and was promoted to the honour of G.C.V.O. in
1912. He resides at The Mardy, Aberdare, South Wales.
CIR ALFRED MOND, BART., M.P., captain of industry and politician, is a
gentleman of many tastes and avocations, in each of which he has
distinguished himself. A son of the late Dr. Ludwig Mond, F.R.S., the
eminent scientist, he was born in 1868, and educated at Cheltenham
K M5
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
College, at St. John's College, Cambridge, and at Edinburgh University. Called
to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1894 he practised for a time on the North
Wales and Cheshire Circuit. He subsequently entered the great firm of alkali
manufacturers, Messrs. Brunner, Mond & Co., of Northwich, of which his
father was one of the founders and the Managing Director, and of which he
himself is now Managing Director. Sir Alfred is also Chairman of The Mond
Nickel Co., and of the Power
Gas Corporation, Director of the
South Staffordshire (Mond
Power and Heating) Gas Co.,
and Chairman of The Westmins-
ter Gazette Syndicate, Limited.
Sir Alfred, who was created a
Baronet in July, 1910, has
written numerous articles on
political and social subjects, as
also on the chemical industry.
Some of the former have just
been republished in book form
under the title, " Questions of
To-day and To-morrow." Like
his father, who bequeathed a
number of valuable pictures to
the National Gallery, Sir Alfred
SIR ALFRED MOND, BART., M.P.
Mond manifests a strong sym-
pathy for art and literature. It may be mentioned that he is a member
of the Royal Institution, was Chairman of the Chemical Industries Section
of the Franco-British Exhibition of 1908, is President of the Mansion House
Association on Railway and Canal Traffic, Treasurer of the Free Trade
Union, and Vice-President of the Navy League. He entered Parliament in
1906, sitting for Chester from that year until 1910. Since then he has
represented Swansea Town. He has won for himself a position as one of
the most influential and active members of the Welsh Party in the
GREAT BRITAIN
House of Commons, where he had previously attracted much attention by his
vigorous defence of Free Trade, and his extensive knowledge, particularly
of the conditions prevailing in foreign countries.
AJOR-GENERAL ARTHUR PHAYRE, C'.B . , son of the late General Sir Robert
Phayre, G.C.B., comes of a long line of distinguished Indian
soldiers and administrators. Born in 1856, and educated at Cheltenham
College and at Jesus College, Cambridge, he entered the Army in 1878, holding
his first Commission in the Xlth Foot (Devonshire Regiment). He joined the
3rd Bombay Cavalry in 1880 ;
became Captain in 1889 ; Major,
1898; I4eut.-Col., 1904, and
Colonel in 1904, in rapid pro-
motion. He was A.D.C. to L,ord
Reay, Governor of Bombay,
from 1885 to 1890, and A.A.G.,
India, 1904. He commanded
the 3rd Bombay Cavalry from
1896 to 1903, the Meerut
Cavalry Brigade from 1904-
1908, and the Sialkot Brigade
from 1908-1911. He served
in the Afghan war of 1878-
1880 (Medal), in China, 1900-
1901 (Brevet-Lieut.-Col., and
Medal), and in the South African
war in 1902, when he was
awarded the Queen's Medal.
In 1891 General Phayre married Catherine, daughter of the late
General Sir Horace Searle Anderson, K.C.B., by whom he has one son
and two daughters. His residence is at Paignton, Horsham, in
Sussex.
MAJOR-GENERAL PHAYRE, C.I!.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
CIR WILLIAM PLENDER, F.C.A., F.S.S., etc., was knighted in 1911, and is
the eldest son (born 1861) of William Plender, Esq., of The Oaks, Dal-
ston, Cumberland, by his wife, Elizabeth Agnes Smallpiece, daughter of John
Edward Vardy, Esq., of Newcastle-on-Tyne. Sir William is by profession a
chartered accountant, and senior partner in the firm of Messrs. Deloitte,
Plender, Griffiths & Co., of London, New York, Chicago, Montreal, Van-
couver, Buenos Aires, Rio,
South Africa, etc. He was
President of the Institute of
Chartered Accountants in 1910-
12, and presided at the banquet
given by the Institute in the
Guildhall in July, 1911 (kindly
lent by the Lord Mayor and
Corporation), to celebrate the
Coronation of His Majesty
King George V. Sir William
has served on Departmental
Committees, and been engaged
on public enquiries at home
and abroad. He acted for the
Metropolitan Water Board in
1903, when the London Water
Companies were acquired;
SIR WILLIAM PLENDKR.
advised the Government in
1908 in connection with the Port of London Bill ; examined into the
accounting system of the Lighthouse Authorities, and reported thereon
to the Board of Trade in 1909 ; served on the Committee appointed by
the Cabinet in 1911 to enquire into Irish Finance ; was Investigator
appointed in 1912 to enquire into working conditions of medical work and
remuneration under the National Insurance Act, 1911, etc., etc. Sir
William is an Hon. Member of the Institute of Journalists, and Hon.
Treasurer of the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers. He is
148
GREAT BRITAIN
the auditor of many Banks, Docks, Collieries, Iron and vSteel Works,
Cable Companies, Insurance Companies, Railway Companies at home
and abroad, Financial Trust Companies, large Commercial and Industrial
undertakings, the King Edward Hospital Fund, League of Mercy, etc.
Sir William was appointed by the Court Special Manager of the Birkbeck
Bank and Bank of Egypt (in liquidation) in 1911. Residences : 51,
Kensington Court, W., and Ovendeii House, Sundridge, Sevenoaks. Clubs :
City of London, Reform, Arts, Argentine and Ranelagh. Recreations :
golf, shooting and collecting etchings.
]_[ R.H. PRINCE LEOPOLD
O F SAXE-CO13URG
AND GOTHA, son of Prince
Philip of Saxe-Coburg, was
born on the igth July,
1878, in Szent-Antal, in
Hungary. He is a nephew
of King Ferdinand of
Bulgaria, and grandson of
the King of the Belgians.
He holds the Grand Cross
of the Victorian Order,
the Grand Cordon of the
Order of Leopold of
Belgium, the Grand
Cordon of the Order of the
Japanese Chrysanthemum,
and of the Bulgarian
Alexander Order, etc., etc.
He has served in the
Austrian Army as Captain
in the Ninth Hussar Regi-
ment, and is also Major in
H.R.H. PRIXCK IJvOPOU) OF SAX1C-COBURG
AND GOTHA.
I49
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
the First Bulgarian Cavalry Regiment, and resides in Vienna and on his
father's estates in Hungary. L,ike his father, he is a great traveller and
has made wide journeys throughout the world to Egypt, Ceylon, India,
China, Japan, and to North and South America.
R.H. PRINCE PHILIP
OF SAXE-COBURG
AND GOTHA, Duke of
Saxony, son of Prince
Augustus of Saxe-Coburg,
was born in Paris on the
28th March, 1844. He is
a grandson of the late
King lyouis Philippe, and
brother to King Ferdinand
of Bulgaria. He holds the
Grand Cross of the Bath,
Grand Cross of the Vic-
torian Order, a Knight of
the Golden Fleece and of
the Grand Cross of Saint
Hubert of Bavaria, etc.,
etc. ; a Lieutenant-General
in the Austrian and Bul-
garian armies, and is
Chief of the Fifty-seventh
Regiment of Austrian
Infantry.
After passing through the University of Bonn, he entered the Austrian
army in 1863, being gazetted first to the Sixth Regiment of Cuirassiers, and
subsequently to the Seventh, then to the Honved Hussars. His Royal
Highness has devoted much time to travel and sport, having made voyages
H.R.H. PRINCE PHILIP OF SAXE-COBURG
AND GOTHA.
GREAT BRITAIN
to North and South America, the East and the West Indies, China, Japan,
Australia, New Zealand, the South Sea Islands, Egypt, Algeria, Senegal,
and other countries. He owns extensive properties in Austria and
Hungary, has palaces in Vienna, Buda-Pesth and Coburg, and is a well-
known numismatist and sportsman. He married Princess Louise of
Belgium, whom he divorced in 1906, and has two children, Prince
Leopold and Princess Dorothy, the latter being the wife of Duke Ernst
Gunther of Schleswig-Holstein, the nephew of Prince Christian and
brother of the Empress of Germany.
VVARREX SETON, ESQ., M.A., of University College Hall,
Ealing, who acted as one of the Gold Staff Officers at Their Majesties'
Coronation, was born on the 4th
October, 1882, and is the son of
the late Colonel Alexander
Reginald Seton, R.E., and of
his wife, Emma Elizabeth, nee
Loch. He entered University
College, London, in October,
1899, and graduated B.A. with
Honours in 1902, and M.A. in
1903. In 1904 he was appointed
Assistant Secretary to the
University College, and became
Secretary in the year following,
a post which he now holds. He
took an active part in the founda-
tion in 1908 of University College
Hall, Ealing, of which he has been
, . WALTER W. SETON, ESQ., M.A.
Bursar, and is now Warden.
Mr. Seton resides at University College Hall, Ealing, and is a
member of the Union Club.
151
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
HpHE RKiHT HONOURABLE CHARLES HEILBV STUART-WORTLEY,
K.C., M.P., was born at Eserick Park, York, on the i5th September,
1851, and is the son of the Rt. Hon. James Stuart-Wortley, Q.C. (third
son of the first Baron Wharncliff e) , and Jane, daughter of Paul Beilby,
Lord Wenlock. He was educated at Rugby, and Balliol College, Oxford.
He married, first, in 1880,
Beatrice (d. 1881), daughter
of Thomas Adolphus Trollope,
the historian of Florence ;
second, in 1886, Alice, third
daughter of the late Sir
John Everett Millais, Bart.,
P.R.A.
He was called to the
Bar in 1876 ; practised on
the North-Eastern Circuit
from 1876-85, and became
Queen's Counsel in 1892.
He sat as Conservative Mem-
ber for the undivided
borough of Sheffield from
1880-1885, and has sat con-
tinuously for the Hallam
Division of Sheffield since
the latter date. In 1885
he was Parliamentary Under-
secretary of State for the Home Department, and again in 1886 till
1892 ; was added to the Chairman's Panel for Standing Committees
in 1895, and was nominated a Deputy Chairman of Committee of
the whole House in the same year. He was subsequently appointed
by Archbishop Benson to the office of Ecclesiastical Commissioner
and Church Estates Commissioner, and attended as principal Delegate
of H.B.M. Government the International Conference at Madrid on the
11". <"- /). /;<,i,'ii,T, Ebuty Strut.
Tin; RT. HON. C. B. STUART-\VORTUvY, K.C., M.I'.
GREAT BRITAIN
Protection of Industrial Property and the Repression of False Trade
Descriptions, in 1890 ; and again at Brussels in December, 1897, and
December, 1900.
He is a Director of the Great Central Railway, and of the Union of
London & Smith's Bank ; a member of the Carlton, the Marlborough, and
the Beefsteak Clubs, and resides at 7, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea.
jyjAJOR GEORGE INVER-
ARITY WALSH was born
on the I3th December, 1866, and
is the second son of the late
Colonel T. Prendergast Walsh,
J.P., Indian Army, of Laragh,
Co. Cavan, by Isabel, daughter
of the late Francis Nicholas,
Esq. (D.C.L. Oxford), of the
Mansion, Baling. Educated
at Cowley, Oxford, he became
a member of the Honourable
Artillery Company in 1884,
Lieutenant in the third Bat-
talion Duke of Cambridge's
Own Middlesex Regiment,
1885, and was gazetted to the
first Battalion Leicestershire
Regiment in 1888, with which corps he served for twenty years in
Bermuda, Canada, the West Indies, and South Africa. Was D.A.A.G.
at Aldershot, 1900, Adjutant, 2nd V.B. Royal Fusiliers, 1902. He
served in the operations in Rhodesia in 1897 under Sir Richard Martin,
K.C.B., with the British South African Company, as special service
officer, for which he was mentioned in despatches, and holds the
Medal.
MAJOR G. I WALSH.
153
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
In the South African war, 1900-1901, under L,ieutenant-General
Sir Leslie Rundle, Major Walsh was Deputy-Assistant-Adjutant-General of
the 8th Division, and took part in the operations in Cape Colony in March
and April, 1900, and in the Orange Free State, from April to November, 1900,
including the actions at Biddulphsberg, 2gth May, and Wittebergen, ist-2gth
July ; also in the operations in the Transvaal in October, igoo, and
in the Orange River Colony, November, 1900, to January, 1901, for
which he was mentioned in despatches and awarded the Medal with
four Clasps.
His services were placed at the disposal of Field-Marshal H.R.H.
the Duke of Connaught, during the Coronation in 1902, as Adjutant of
the Colonial Contingents at the Alexandra Palace; and he received
through H.M's. Secretary of State for the Colonies the thanks of the
Corporations of Glasgow and Edinburgh for his services as staff-
officer in sole charge of the Colonial Troops on the occasion of their
visit to those cities.
He served under Major-General Lord Cheylesmore, commanding the
Oversea Troops at the Duke of York's School during the Coronation in 1911,
as staff officer of the Rhodesian contingents.
He is the author of Walsh's " System of Cypher," a work which
has been acquired by His Majesty's Government.
He married Ethel Parker, second daughter of the late M. Dobson,
Esq., u, Kensington Gore, and has two sons and one daughter.
Residence : Newnham Manor, Newnham Murren, Oxon.
Clubs : Carlton ; Navy and Military ; Hurlingham.
JOHN WOOD, ESQ., M.P., M.A., J.P., D.L., son of the late J. H. Wood, Esq.,
J.P., was born on the 8th September, 1857, and educated at Rugby and
at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he took his B.A. degree in 1880,
and M.A. in 1883. He was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple
in the same year. He is a Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieutenant
GREAT BRITAIN
for Herefordshire, of which county he was High Sheriff in 1900 ; and
Justice of the Peace for Suffolk and Derbyshire; also Honorary Colonel of
the 4th Volunteer Battalion Cheshire Regiment, and V.D. To the Conserv-
ative party he has rendered
yeoman service, and now
represents the constituency
of Stalybridge, which seat
he succeeded in recapturing
in 1910 after a notable
contest. He married first,
in 1883, Estelle, daughter
of Henry Benham, Esq., and
second, in 1892, the Hon
Gertrude Emily, third
daughter of the second
Baron Bateman. He has
residences at Hengrave
Hall, in the county of
Suffolk ; The Forrest Lodge
of K e 1 1 s , Galloway ; and
Whitfield House, Derby-
shire, and is a member of
the Carlton, Junior Carlton,
New University and Bache-
lors' Clubs.
Lu/nycttc.
JOHX WOOD, ESQ., JI.P.
155
BRITISH INDIA
II
BRITISH INDIA AND CEYLON.
PRINCE AGA KHAN, Aga
Sultan Mahomed Shah, was
born in 1875. He was created
K.C.I.E. in 1898 and G.C.I.E.
in 1902, and is a member of the
Order of the Brilliant Star of
Zanzibar. He is a man of
wide travel and varied
experience, has many religious
followers in East Africa, Central
Asia and India, and is head of
the Ismaili Mahomedans. He
was a well-known guest of the
nation at both the Coronation
of the late King Edward and at
that of their present Majesties.
He has his principal residence
at Aga Hall, Bombay, and is
a member of the Marlborough
Club in L,ondon.
/C
His Highness Alij ah,
Farzand-i-Dilpizir-i-
Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mukhlis-
ud-Daulah, Nasir-ul-Mulk,
Amir - ul-Umar a , Nawab SIR
MOHAMMAD HAMID ALI
PRINCE AGA KHAN.
157
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
H.H. SIR MOHAMMAD AIJ KHAN.
KHAN, Bahadur,
MustaidJang,G.C.I.E.,
G.C.V.O., Wali of
Rampur, A.D.C. to His
Imperial Majesty the
King -Emperor, was
born on the 3 ist August,
1875, and succeeded in
February, 1889. His
Highness is the sole
surviving representa-
tive of the once great
Rohilla power in India.
He is the Premier Chief
in the United Pro-
vinces, and rules over
a territory of 892
square miles with a
population of 531,217.
His Highness the
Nawab is an enlight-
ened prince, and is well
educated in the Arabic,
Persian and English
languages. He is a
great supporter of
education for Mahom-
edans, and has
travelled extensively in
America and Europe.
During the Mutiny of
1857 the then Nawab
of Rampur displayed
158
BRITISH INDIA
his unswerving loyalty to the British Government by affording pecuniary
aid, protecting the lives of Europeans, and rendering other valuable
services, which were suitably recognised by the paramount power. The
present Chief has inherited the military instincts of his forefathers, and
prides himself on the loyalty of his house to the British throne. This State
contributes towards the defence of the Indian Empire by maintaining a
well-equipped and well-trained battalion of Imperial Service Infantry and a
Cavalry unit consisting of two squadrons.
His Highness was invited to England to take part in the Coronation
of His Majesty King George V., but was unable to avail himself of
the invitation on account of ill-health. At Delhi the Nawab had the
special distinction of attending the Emperor as his A.D.C. on different
state functions, and His Highness had the honour of receiving from the
hands of His Imperial Majesty the King-Emperor the insignia of the Knight
Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order at the historic investiture held
there.
His Highness has two sons, the eldest, Sahebzada Raza Ali Khan
Bahadur, being the heir- apparent.
The State has an income of about £300,000 a year.
Address in London, Marlborough Club. Address in India, Rampur
(State), United Provinces.
CAYAJI RAO III. is the present ruling Chief of the Gaekwar House.
He was born on the i;th March, 1863, and succeeded to the
Masnad on the ayth May, 1875. His full titles are :— His Highness
Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Maharajah Sir Sayaji Rao, Gaekwar,
Sena Khas Khail, Samsher Bahadur, G. C.S.I.
His Highness is the direct descendant of Partap Rao, son of Pillaji Rao
Gaekwar, who founded the State of Baroda in the eighteenth century on the
downfall of the Mogul Empire. His ancestor, Khande Rao Dabhade,
was one of the most distinguished amongst the first Mahratta leaders.
He maintained his followers in Guzerat and Kathiawar, and exacted
159
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
tribute from these provinces. In the struggle for supremacy in the Mahratta
confederacy, he supported the cause of Shahuji, the Rajah of Satarah, and
was raised by him to the rank of Senapati or Commander-in-Chief in
1716. One of his officers, Damaji Rao Gaekwar, so distinguished himself
by his bravery in the battle of Balapur in 1720, that he was appointed by
Shahuji second in
command, with the
title of Samsher
Bahadur (Illustrious
Swordsman) .
Khande Rao
Dabhade and Damaji
Rao Gaekwar died in
1721, and were suc-
ceeded in office, the
former by his son
Trimbak Rao and the
latter by his nephew
Pillaji Rao, the son of
Jhingoji Rao Gaekwar.
In 1729 the
Peishwa obtained from
Sarbuland Khan, the
Mogul Deputy in
Guzerat, a cession of
Chanth and other dues
of that province, and,
among other con-
ditions of the grant, engaged to prevent Mahratta subjects from taking part
with disturbers of the peace. As Trimbak Rao Dabhade considered this con-
dition to be an encroachment on his rights, he entered into negotiations with
other Mahratta leaders in Guzerat to oppose the Peishwa's claims. He was,
however, defeated and slain in the battle of Bhilapur, near Baroda, in 1731.
H.H. THK GAEKWAR OF BARODA.
1 60
BRITISH INDIA
As the Peishwa did not deem it politic to crush the Mahratta Chiefs,
Yeshwant Rao, the infant son of Trimbak Rao, was appointed by him to the
rank of Senapati, and, considering his tender age, nominated Pillaji Rao
Gaekwar his Mutalik or Deputy, and conferred on him the title of Sena Khas
Khail (Commander of the Special Corps) .
The cession of the Chauth by Sarbuland Khan was subsequently
disallowed by the Bmperor of Delhi, who removed him from office and
appointed Abhai Singh, the Maharajah of Jodhpur, as Viceroy of Guzerat.
Pillaji Rao was assassinated in 1732 by the emissaries of Abhai Singh.
Damaji Rao Gaekwar succeeded his father, Pillaji Rao. He avenged
his father's murder and wrested the whole of Guzerat from the Mogul Viceroy.
Baroda was recaptured in 1734, since which year it has remained in the hands
of the Gaekwars. Yeshwant Rao Dabhade, when he came of age, proved
incompetent for his post, and the Dabhade family gave place to the Gaekwars.
In 1755 the Mogul Government in Ahmedabad was entirely subverted,
and the town and country were shared between the Peishwa and the Gaekwar.
Damaji Rao also added considerably to his power and revenue by conquests
in the peninsula of Kathiawar. He likewise took part in the battle of Panipat
in 1761, and commanded a division. Some time after his return from Panipat
he moved to Pattan, and made this town (the ancient Anhilwad) his capital in
the place of Songhad. By his untiring energy, valour, and ability, Damaji
Rao became the sovereign of a large country. He died in 1768.
His second son, Govind Rao, procured from the Peishwa his recognition
as successor to his father's rank and title. Subsequently, however, Sayaji
Rao I., the eldest son of Damaji Rao, who was of weak mind, was declared
by the Poona Court to be Sena Khas Khail, and Fateh Singh Rao, one of his
brothers, was appointed his Mutalik or Regent.
In 1781 the city of Baroda superseded Pattan as the capital of the
Gaekwars.
Fateh Singh Rao died in 1789, and was practically succeeded by Manaji
Rao Gaekwar, who assumed the charge of the person of his half-brother,
Sayaji Rao, and of the administration of the State, in spite of the remonstrances
of Govind Rao. Sayaji Rao died in 1792, and in the following year, Manaji
161
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Rao's death took place, whereupon Govind Rao was once more restored by
the Peishwa and allowed to assume the title of Sena Khas Khail.
Govind Rao died in 1800. His eldest son, Anand Rao Gaekwar, was
acknowledged as his successor. It was during the reign of this Maharajah that
treaties were concluded between the British and Baroda Governments between
1802 and 1817. Under these, the British Government promised its protection
and countenance to the Gaekwar in all public concerns, according to justice
and as it may appear to be for the good of the country, respecting which
the Gaekwar was to listen to advice. Agents were to be reciprocally appointed
to reside with each of the contracting parties ; criminals were to be mutually
surrendered; an offensive as well as defensive alliance was contracted, and the
Gaekwar agreed to receive from the British Government a subsidiary force
consisting of four thousand native infantry, one thousand native cavalry,
one company of European artillery, and two companies of gun Lascars, with
the necessary military equipments. This force was to be stationed in Baroda
territory, and for its support territories yielding at that period an annual
revenue of Rs. 2,431,969 were ceded by the Gaekwar in perpetual sovereignty
to the British Government. The Gaekwar also bound himself to maintain
a contingent of 3,000* effective cavalry to co-operate with the subsidiary force
in time of war. The Peishwa was obliged by the British Government to
renounce all future claims against the Gaekwar either pecuniary or for
supremacy or other cause. The foreign policy of the State was to be controlled
by the British Government.
Anand Rao died in 1819, and was succeeded by his brother, Sayaji
Rao II. On his accession the British Government resolved to withdraw
from the minute interference which it had exercised in the time of
Maharajah Anand Rao in the internal affairs of the Baroda State, provided
that the Gaekwar respected the guaranteed allowances of certain persons
and the agreements with his tributaries and bankers.
In 1820 a convention was concluded whereby the Gaekwar agreed
to send no troops into Kathiawar and the Mahi Kantha without the consent
* In 1881 the British Government agreed to allow the contingent to be disbanded, in
consideration of an annual money payment to them of Rs. 375,000.
162
BRITISH INDIA
of the British Government, and to make no demand on the Zemindars or others
residing in those provinces, except through the medium of the British Govern-
ment, who engaged to procure payment of the tribute payable to Baroda
from those provinces free of expense. In 1825 a somewhat similar arrange-
ment was made on behalf of the Mewasis of Rewa Kantha. The reign of this
Prince extended over twenty-eight years, and was generally prosperous.
Sayaji Rao died in 1847, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Ganpat
Rao. He died without male issue in 1856, and was succeeded by his brother,
Khande Rao. The Sepoy Mutiny occurred during the reign of this
ruler, and His Highness rendered loyal assistance to the British Government
during this critical period. He was granted the right of adoption in 1862,
and was afterwards created a Knight Grand Commander of the Star of India.
Maharajah Khande Rao died in 1870 without male issue, and was
succeeded by his younger brother, Malhar Rao. The maladministration
of this Maharajah terminated in his deposal by the British Government
and deportation to Madras in 1875, where he died in 1882.
The British Government, being desirous to mark their sense of the loyal
services of Maharajah Khande Rao Gaekwar during the Mutiny, acceded to
the request of his widow, Maharanee Jamnabai, that she might be allowed
to adopt some member of the Gaekwar family, who might be selected as the
most suitable person upon whom to confer the Baroda State.
Her choice fell upon Gopal Rao, a descendant of Partap Rao, son of
Pillaji Rao Gaekwar, and he was installed as Gaekwar of Baroda on the 27th
May, 1875, under the name of SAYAJI RAO III. His Highness attended the
Delhi Durbar of 1877, on which occasion he received the title of Farzand-i-
Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia. On the 28th December, 1881, he was formally
invested with full powers, and in 1887 he was appointed a Knight Grand
Commander of the Star of India.
Since the assumption of the powers of government, His Highness has
devoted himself energetically to the improvement of the administration
of the State in its various branches.
Extraordinary care was taken with the education of the young Prince.
An English civilian of high ability, the late Mr. F. A. H. Elliot, C.I.E., was
163
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
chosen for his tutor ; a school was formed for him with a few companions of
high rank ; other suitable teachers were appointed, and the Prince applied
himself with characteristic zeal and industry to the acquisition of a sound
education. When the time for his installation drew near, special training
was added to fit him for his work in life, and lectures on various subjects
connected with the administration of the State were delivered to him by
Sir T. Madava Rao (who was placed by the British Government in charge
of the administration during his minority) and by his colleagues. Political
philosophy has always been one of his favourite subjects of study, and gifted
with a naturally keen intellect, the Prince has, through his severe training
and through much subsequent study, acquired that power of ready grasp and
of logical discussion which, combined with his innate courtesy and kindliness,
have given him so marked a position among the ruling chiefs in India.
His Highness, too, has always been devoted to outdoor exercises, such as
riding, swimming, shooting, and hunting — thus not belying the fine tradition
of the hardy Mahratta race. The motto, " Jeen ghar, jeentakht" (i.e., The
saddle the home, the saddle the throne), on a banner presented to him
by the British Government in 1876, is expressive of the bold character of the
race from which he has sprung. Indeed, throughout a busy reign the
Maharajah has kept himself in good form as a sportsman. The moors of
Scotland not less than the jungles of India have afforded him sport. Besides
panthers, tigers and bears, his bag has included a lion. He annually entertains
a large party for pig-sticking in his preserves at Dabka in the neighbour-
hood of Baroda.
Other and rarer qualities appear to have shown themselves in the
youth. Early reports of his progress note his natural ease, the dignity and
modesty of his bearing, his self-possession and good manners, evenness of
temper and thoughtfulness of disposition. The qualities most characteristic
of him traceable in his administrative work are regularity, love of method and
exactness, and above all, the patience and perseverance that have enabled
him to carry on his work under the most trying conditions, and in the face
of the most discouraging difficulties.
On the 28th December, 1881, His Highness, as already stated, was
164
BRITISH INDIA
invested with full powers of administration, and began the serious business ot
his career. From the first the young Maharajah determined to devote his
energies and abilities to the good of his kingdom and the welfare of his subjects.
He surrounded himself with able ministers and officers, and spent his best
efforts in improving the morale of his Civil Service.
The new regime of 1881 had to build up everything anew, for it found
not much to work upon. The minister in power during the minority, a man of
proved ability, had succeeded in laying foundations and sketching a framework
of some of the first necessities of a systematic administration. He had
also settled many of the administrative questions which lay open between
the Baroda State and the British Government. But to perfect effective and
well-adapted machinery to grapple with difficult questions of internal reform
and to push the State forward into line of progress with the rest of India,
was the task which the Maharajah found reserved for himself. To the
first period of his reign, between his investiture in 1881 and his first visit
to Europe in 1887, belongs the work of initiation during which His Highness
thoroughly acquainted himself with the conditions and needs of his dominions
and laid strong foundations in every direction for his future work in life.
During this period he visited in turn each of the four divisions of the Baroda
territory, inquired into the needs of his subjects, and made himself accessible
to all classes of people. The variety of work done in these years was pro-
digious. Among other reforms a scientific land-revenue survey was initiated ;
the revenue system was thoroughly revised and rules relating to it were
codified ; customs taxation was lightened ; transit duties were abolished, and
the first cotton spinning and weaving mills in Baroda were started. The
military was rendered more efficient. Of the many useful public works which
distinguish the State, the great Ajwa Reservoir (Shri Sayaji Sarowar), which
now supplies drinking water to the City of Baroda, was commenced about
this time. These water-works have cost forty-three lakhs of rupees. Since
their construction the health of Baroda has much improved, and cholera
has disappeared altogether. The City of Baroda was improved, and several
important public buildings were erected at considerable cost. Nor was the
welfare of the towns and villages neglected, each being provided with its
165
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
own school, public office, and pure water, while in the larger towns throughout
the districts, dispensaries open to all classes of people were established.
In 1882 the Baroda Arts College and also a Female Training College were
opened. Special attention to female education began henceforward to be a
marked feature of the educational policy of the State. In 1883 special
schools were provided for the backward and poorer classes, and from that
time onward efforts were made, and are still being made, to elevate them
socially and morally. In 1885 the second Male Training College was estab-
lished. Meanwhile, rules and regulations were being drawn up for all
departments, and the machinery of government was rendered so efficient
that when His Excellency Lord Dufferin, the then Viceroy, visited Baroda
in 1886, he congratulated His Highness on the many improvements set on
foot in the State, and expressed his belief that " in His Highness India is
blessed with one of those wise, high-minded, and conscientious members,
whose life is a blessing to their people, and whose co-operation with the
Government of India is more calculated than anything else to further the
happiness of Her Majesty's Indian subjects, and to assist us in the performance
of onerous and grave duties."
In May, 1887, His Highness paid his first visit to Europe, which lasted
until February, 1888. This was undertaken by His Highness with a view
to recruit his health, impaired by the heavy strain of work. The gravity of
the matter was not at that time fully realised by his people, who urged him to
return earlier than was probably advisable. But the first visit led to others.
He visited Europe a second time in June, 1888, and again in 1892 and
1893. These visits did more than anything else to stimulate the Maharajah
in his work of reform, and at the same time to render him dissatisfied
with the small progress his State had so far made in comparison with that
in the Western countries. The conclusions drawn by him from his first foreign
travels were that ignorance was the cause of poverty among Indians ; that
education was the only remedy, and must therefore be pushed on and extended,
and that the want of technical and scientific training must be supplied.
As a consequence the Kala Bhavan (i.e., Technical Institute) of Baroda came
into being in 1890, " where," to quote the Maharajah's words, " education
BRITISH INDIA
of the hand and the eye will be attempted side by side with that of the mind
and where instruction will be imparted mainly through the vernaculars."
The Institute comprises Schools of Arts, Architecture, Mechanical Engineering,
Dyeing, Weaving, and Commerce. Industrial schools were also opened
in the districts to serve as feeder schools to the Kala Bhavan. In 1892 an
Education Commission was appointed, and, in 1893, the bold and novel scheme
of compulsory education was introduced as an experimental measure in the
Amreli Taluka of the State. Under this scheme, at first forty per cent., and
later on all of the scholars were admitted free. The number of vernacular schools
in the State was now doubled. It has been part of the educational system
to translate various well-known English books on science, art, history, and
general subjects, as well as works in Sanskrit, into the vernaculars for the
benefit of the scholars. A fine Museum has been constructed where students
can go and study the various elaborate collections of natural history. Twenty-
four scholars representing different communities were sent to Europe for
higher study — a scheme which has since been developed and extended — and
Baroda students are now studying in various countries in Europe and America,
and in Japan. Occasionally officers in the service of the State are sent to Europe,
America, and parts of India, with the object of acquiring an insight into
the working of the various institutions. During this period various other
Departments of Government were re-organised, among them the Police Force
and the Forest and the Accounts Departments. A Municipal Act was passed ;
more hospitals were built and equipped with the necessary staff. The State
currency was reformed. A Model Farm was established at the capital, and the
services of an expert European officer were engaged for the purpose of giving
practical lessons in Agriculture. Then, too, His Highness launched on a
scheme of extensive railway construction throughout his territory, which,
being persevered in to the present day, has brought the mileage of railways
in Baroda, which was 60 in 1881, to 368 in 1912, involving an expenditure
of about a crore and a half. The same beneficial policy was pursued in
regard to the construction of roads. His Excellency Lord Elgin, another
Viceroy, who visited Baroda in 1896, spoke with especial praise of His
Highness' s educational policy.
167
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
During the next ten years of his rule, concluding with his Silver Jubilee
in 1907, His Highness showed a distinct tendency to enter into the wider
life of India as a whole. He took delight in writing articles in magazines,
appeared often on public platforms, and discussed questions of national import-
ance with the leaders of Indian society. In administrative work, too, he
struck a bolder key. In 1901 His Highness decided to substitute, for a
period of not less than fifty years, the British Indian silver coinage for the
Babashai rupee of the State, in order to remove the great inconvenience caused
to trade by the fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the two currencies.
In 1903-4 he completely separated the executive and judicial functions of
his officers, and decentralised much of the executive work. In 1904 primary
education was made free and compulsory throughout the State. In conse-
quence of this and other educational reforms, the State has now been spending
annually about sixteen lakhs of rupees on Education. In 1904-5 he sanctioned
the formation of an Executive Council to relieve the pressure of work on the
Central Government ; he also abolished over two hundred vexatious taxes
on different castes and professions and substituted an Income Tax in their
stead. In 1905 he passed a L,ocal Boards Act, organising a system of rural
self-government throughout the State. He also passed an Act for the
prevention of child marriages.
His Highness attended the Coronation Durbar of His Imperial Majesty
Edward VII. held at Delhi on the ist January, 1903. In 1905 His Highness
undertook his longest foreign trip. It occupied nineteen months, during
which time he visited America, as well as Europe, mixing with the great
men of different nationalities, examining the systems of foreign governments,
and studying Occidental civilisation in its various bearings.
In 1907 the subjects of the Baroda State celebrated His Highness's
Silver Jubilee, and spontaneously demonstrated their appreciation of his
devotion to public affairs and his personal regard for the increasing happiness
and well-being of his subjects. For a whole week there were rejoicings all
over the Gaekwar's dominions, and in a lengthy address, reviewing the
leading features of His Highness's administration, the representatives of the
people testified the depth of their loyalty and gratitude. On this occasion, His
1 08
BRITISH INDIA
Highness made a touching speech, in which he referred to the duty he had
tried to discharge towards the State, and asked indulgence for any possible
errors he might have committed in fulfilling the great task to which he had
set himself. Several valuable concessions were granted to the people in
commemoration of this event.
Since his Jubilee the Maharajah has been as incessant in his labours
on behalf of his kingdom as before. Encouraged by the affection of his
people and the esteem of a wide circle both within and without India, he
has realised only too fully how much work remains still to be done before
he can see his people thrifty, energetic, and resourceful. His Highness
brought from America a graduate of considerable ability, who acted as
Economic Adviser to his Government. Indigenous industries and commerce
have been fostered. He founded the Baroda Bank, and helped the organisa-
tion of the Baroda Tramway Company. Dyeing factories were established ;
Customs duties were abolished ; the geological resources of the State, which
had previously been ascertained by a survey, were carefully inquired into
once more with a view to possible industrial developments. Greater autonomy
was granted to Village Boards and Municipalities. The experiment of a
Legislative Council was tried, and has been found successful ; and the number
of the members of this Council has recently been increased. It is as yet only
an advisory body, but the members possess the right of interpellation. Yet
another prominent feature of His Highness's interest in the administration
of the State has been the drawing up of laws, rules, and regulations for the
various departments of the State, not excluding his own household. The
Hindu law applicable to the State has been codified. All this has simplified the
work of officials, and given general satisfaction to the public. The Maharajah,
who in social matters is a Radical, has also passed some Acts for the
prevention of some of the social evils. A few years ago he appointed an
Education and a Decentralisation Commission, and adopted most of the
recommendations formulated. In 1910 he also appointed a Commission
to inquire into the physical condition of his subjects, and the report sub-
mitted by the Commission received due consideration. Libraries and reading
rooms are being established throughout the State with the help of an American
169
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
expert, whose services have been specially secured by His Highness ; and an
Art Gallery has been built in order to receive the collection of pictures by
Old and Modern Masters of all the Schools now in course of formation. This
National Gallery, in which sculpture will be included, already includes many
works well known to and appreciated by the connoisseur, and, by the desire
of His Highness, is being formed on a sound and reasoned scheme.
Irrigation and railways are being extended from day to day, whereby his
subjects have benefited immensely.
In 1909 His Excellency Lord Minto, the Viceroy, visited Baroda.
On this occasion he complimented His Highness on the labour devoted by
him to the study of educational, social, and other questions relating to the
State, wished him success in the reforms introduced from time to time, and
expressed his gratification at recognising on all sides evidence of the adminis-
trative energy and capacity of His Highness.
In 1910 His Highness visited Japan and subsequently proceeded to
England in time to be present at the Coronation ceremony of His Imperial
Majesty George V., King-Emperor of India. His Highness was also present
on the occasion of the Imperial Coronation Durbar held at Delhi on the
I2th December, 1911.
A few words must here be devoted to the incident which occurred at the
Delhi Durbar, and which, in certain quarters, was made the most of through
misunderstanding, through ignorance, or prejudice. Owing to the regulation,
as transmitted officially to the Gaekwar, that only one bow should be made
as act of homage to Their Majesties the King-Emperor and Queen-Empress
—an official mistake now duly acknowledged — His Highness was said to
be desirous of shewing discourtesy to Her Majesty when he followed the
instruction which, as he afterwards said, "struck me as strange." He was
reproached in an important section of the British press for the white linen costume
which he wore, the fact being ignored that it is the costume a Gaekwar wears, as
Gaekwar, on the highest occasions, and which, in fact, he had donned in the two
Coronation Processions in London, in one of which Their Majesties were wearing
their crowns. In London it was understood. And it might be added that
the materials of which it was composed were more costly than many of the
170
BRITISH INDIA
silks and satins worn by others on state occasions. He was further reproached
with having, before the homage, transferred his pearl necklace, which he
had worn before the people, from his own neck to that of his son, he himself
appearing simply before his liege lord — an act graceful in itself, unfortunately
not appreciated by certain officials and correspondents. It was objected
that he carried a stick — which he certainly did, and has regularly done at
former Durbars, as well as at all other times ; the stick appears in his state
portraits as Gaekwar, as another would wear his sword ; and none hitherto
had challenged it. He was criticised for turning too soon after the obeisance,
instead of backing from Their Majesties — an undoubted blunder to which
undue importance has been given. It was made in the excitement of the
supreme moment by a Prince whose temperament is known to be nervous,
and who at such a time, and in circumstances the whole camp knew of, forgot
the predetermined formula. As the Gaekwar said afterwards : "So far as I
know, no mistake took place except that, it appears, I turned back a little
too soon. A few steps more and it would have been all right. But it was
a sheer mistake. Yet some people, for some reason or other, wish to make
capital out of it. Some day the truth will be known." He was, in fact,
in ignorance that anything untoward had happened until the end of the
ceremony, when the matter — an accident which, when he was made aware of
it, he thought would have passed unnoticed — was brought to his attention
by friends (misrepresented as " the fierce denunciations of loyal and chivalrous
Rajputs ") ; whereupon with natural chivalry and loyalty he instantly
offered an apology (forthwith described as the craven humility of a guilty
conscience). Such are the details, all capable of explanation and obvious
to the unprejudiced mind, of the grounds of attack of which so much has
been unduly and unjustly made. What would have properly passed as a little
excusable gaucherie in another, was untruthfully magnified in the Gaekwar's
case into gross rudeness, if not disloyalty and sedition. It did not occur to
the critics that such conduct, if true, would be an act of supremest folly,
possibly of self-destruction, perpetrated by the man who has shown himself
the most enlightened and progressive native ruler in India, whose appreciation
of British institutions and of British rule has been proved throughout his
171
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
whole career. The errors of the act of obeisance and of sitting while the
Viceroy was sitting, have been shown to have originated in the quarter
where the programme presented him for guidance in the ceremonial was
prepared. This, apparently, was unknown to those who have formed British
public opinion on the incident.
To give point to the attack and innuendoes of disloyalty, it was announced
at the same time that a printing-press subsidised by His Highness had
previously printed seditious matter in his State. The fact of the printing
was true ; but it was untrue that the press, set up in one of the outlying
districts of the State, was subsidised. In fact, no printing-press in Baroda
State is subsidised, or has been for twenty years past ; and the existence
of the press in question was unknown to His Highness. Immediately on the
offence becoming known — before the Coronation — the Gaekwar instituted
an inquiry with the object of punishing the misdemeanour, with the full
knowledge and approval of the Resident.
It may safely be said that no ruling Prince is more loyal to the King
and to the British Raj, or more devoted in following the example of British
civilisation, as applicable to Indian needs, nor has he allowed any opportunity
to pass by which he might display his sympathy and loyalty. Latterly, he
was the first outside England to contribute to the Titanic Fund (£500), and
to the Scott Memorial (£200) ; he has lent highly important works of art from
his collections in Baroda institutions for the delight and instruction of the
British people — to the Royal Academy (Old Masters), to the Victoria
and Albert Museum, and to the Whitechapel Art Gallery.
This constant visitor, and modest and enlightened gentleman (whose
loyal devotion is recognised by all who know him, but whose fair name has
been made the butt of the ill-informed and evil-wisher), is not the man to
insult the King and Queen, of whom he has always spoken in terms of reverence
and admiration. Neither, were it otherwise, could he be so foolish, as the
thoughtless imagine, as to be ready by blind and graceless acts of vanity
or hostility (as was alleged) to bring grave trouble on his own head. He is
a good sportsman in every sense, and he must appreciate the act of justice,
belated though it was, on the part of Viscount Hardinge, who first had the
172
BRITISH INDIA
pluck to stand up before a British public, incensed through so many misstate-
ments and exaggerations, and, in so far as he could, to extract the sting
from the charges which had been made. But poison absorbed takes
long to eradicate. Yet, in the words of His Highness, " the truth will be
known " — the sooner when they who obscured it, however unintentionally,
reconsider the actual facts. Justice demands as much in fairness to the man
and ruler who has been cruelly wronged.
It was necessary to notice the incident here, in view of the undue
importance that has been attached to it, and the false deductions from it
that have been made.
In 1880, a yeai before his investiture, His Highness married a Princess
of the House of Tanjore, an accomplished and amiable lady, who, however,
died in 1885, leaving one son, Shrimant Yuvaraj Fateh Singh Rao, then aged
two years. He was well educated and studied at Oxford University ; he was
also a keen sportsman. He was married in 1904. Unhappily, in 1908 he
died, leaving three children — two daughters, and a son named Pratap Singh
Raje.
After the death of the first Maharanee, His Highness married a young
and graceful Mahratta lady named Chimnabai Saheb, cousin to His Highness
the Rajah of Dewas. She is well educated, and has travelled with His
Highness in Europe and America. She takes a great interest in public
movements, co-operating with the Maharaj ah in his work of social reform. She
is specially interested in all endeavours to improve the position of women
in India. Her Highness has founded scholarships for the education of girls,
and contributed a large sum of money for an industrial institution for poor
women in Baroda, where they may learn to become self-supporting. In
November, 1909, Her Highness organised a grand Fancy Bazaar in aid of this
cause and invited Her Excellency Lady Minto to open it. The Maharanee
is also a worthy comrade of His Highness in sport. She is an excellent shot,
and has brought down more than one tiger. Her Highness was invested
in 1892 with the Order of the Crown of India. To His Highness she has
borne four children — three sons and one daughter, whose education has
been most carefully supervised. Shrimant Raj Kumar Jaisingh Rao, the
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
eldest son, was born in 1888. He was educated at Harrow and at
Harvard University. On his return from abroad he was married to
the daughter of Merherban Bapusaheb Ganpat Rao Hande on the
27th February, 1913. Shrimant Raj Kumar Shivaji Rao, the second son,
who was born in 1890, passed the Intermediate Examination of the
University of Bombay from the Baroda College, and then passed to
Oxford. Shrimati Raj Kumari Indiraraja was born in 1892. She was
educated at Baroda and also at a well-known private school in England.
She matriculated from the Bombay University, being the first Indian
Princess to have achieved such a distinction. She is still continuing her
studies privately. Shrimant Raj Kumar Dhairyashil Rao, the youngest
son, was born in 1893 ; for some time a scholar in Eastbourne, he is now
a student of the Mayo College, Ajmere.
The Baroda territories lie between 20° 45' and 21° 42' North latitude,
and between 70° 45' and 71° 22' East longitude, excepting the district
of Okhamandal, which lies between 22° and 22° 28' North latitude, and
between 68° 58' and 69° 14' East longitude.
The area of the State is 8,182 square miles, and its population according
to the latest census 2,032,798 souls, out of which 1,055,935 are males and
976,863 females. Compared with European countries, the Baroda State
is larger than Wales by 700 square miles, and greater than two-thirds of
Belgium.
The average annual gross revenue of the State is Rs. 16,610,456.
JJTIS HIGHNESS THE MAHARAJAH SHRI BHAUSINHJI II., K.C.S.I.,
the present ruler of the State of Bhaunagar, was born on the 26th
April, 1875, and succeeded to the Gadi in 1896 on the death of his father,
the Maharajah Shri Takhtsinhji, in the early part of that year. He is the
Chief of the Gohil clan of Rajputs in Kathiawar, and from ancient times
his house has been known, not only for its military enterprise coupled with
tact and sagacity, but also for its commercial instincts in fostering and
developing trade.
174
BRITISH INDIA
H.H. THE MAHARAJAH OP BHAUNAGAR.
1/5
At the time
of establishment of
British influence at
Surat about the
year 1740, piracy
was rampant along
the whole littoral
from Cambay to
the Indus, and the
rulers of Bhaun-
agar, by co-oper-
ating with the
Company's forces,
succeeded in exter-
minating the pi-
ratical hordes
infesting the coasts,
which had almost
effaced the sea-
borne trade. Kven
in those remote
days a very close
feeling of friend-
ship thus existed
between the State
and the British
authorities, a friend-
ship which has
grown as the years
have gone by. Dur-
ing the Mutiny in
1857 the then
ruler, Jasvatsinhji,
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
grandfather of the present Maharajah, was among the first to offer
the British Government all the assistance he could command, and his
loyalty was rewarded by the bestowal of a Knight Commandership of the
Star of India, a distinction which he was the first Prince in Kathiawar to
receive.
His Highness Jasvatsinhji died in 1870, and was succeeded by his
son, Takhtsinhji, who was created K.C.S.I. in 1881, and G.C.S.I. in 1886.
A man of wide enlightenment and culture, the State was brought, under
his comparatively short rule of eighteen years, into a high condition
of efficiency. He was an enthusiastic patron of education, and towards
the many charitable and useful institutions of the country his liberality
was unbounded.
The home education of his son, the present Prince Bhausinhji, was
begun early. At the age of nine years he joined the famous Rajkumar
College at Rajkot, where he remained for a period of four and a half years,
and formed many friendships with the Princes — his school-fellows — which
he still retains. Later on he was placed under the tuition and guardian-
ship of Mr. S. M. Fraser, C.I.E., I.C.S., at Dharwar, where he passed nearly
four years, until February, 1893. During this time he made several
extended tours with his tutor throughout India and Ceylon, from which
he derived that wide knowledge and general information which travel
alone can give. He was then associated in his work with the several heads of
departments of the State with a view to obtain practical insight into the
affairs of administration.
By the unexpected demise of his father on the agth January, 1896,
the young Prince was suddenly called upon to administer the State, but the
training and insight he had received in the different branches of its govern-
ment stood him in good stead, and it was soon apparent that his education
had fully qualified him to follow in his father's footsteps. His first task was
to overhaul the finances of the State, and to put them on a sound and workable
basis. The success of his efforts is evident from the high popularity to which
the State Bank which he established has reached. During the anxious years of
famine which followed close upon his assuming the duties of government, the
176
BRITISH INDIA
young Maharajah not only remitted some fourteen lakhs of rupees of
outstanding dues, but also organised extensive relief measures for
the benefit of the poor. During his rule Bhaunagar has made marvellous
progress. A hundred miles of State railway have been added to the
120 which existed before, and a project for an equal length of steam
tramway is under consideration, while the improvements of harbour
works and other facilities have enabled ocean-going steamers of large
tonnage to bring to Bhaunagar direct shipments of cargo in bulk from
European and other distant ports. The high estimation in which the
administration of His Highness and the financial integrity of the State
are held by the public is best testified by the successful issue in
1904 of State Bonds on the model of Government Securities, — an event
unparalleled in the history of any Native State in India. Among
many of his generous donations to the advancement of educational
and other institutions may be mentioned his contribution of 50,000
rupees for the extension of his alma matey, the Rajkumar College, and
23,000 rupees towards the Memorial Funds subscribed throughout India to
perpetuate the memory of the late King-Emperor Edward VII. In all,
his subscriptions to various public funds from 1896 to 1911 have amounted
to an aggregate of over one and a half lakhs of rupees, apart from
donations privately bestowed.
The Maharajah married in 1893 the Princess Devkunvarba, daughter
of Maharaval Shri Mansinhji, a Chauhan Rajput, by whom he has one
daughter, who is married to the Mahandra Maharajah of Panna in Central
India. By the untimely death of his consort in 1903, His Highness
suffered a heavy loss, and one which evoked widespread sympathy
and regret among his loyal subjects. Two years later His Highness
married Princess Nandkunvarba, daughter of the Khirasra Darbar, who
in 1912 gave birth to a son and heir, an event which caused great
rejoicing among the people. His Highness was created K.C.S.I. in 1904,
and Her Highness Maharanee Shri Nandkunvarba had the privilege to
receive the high distinction of C.I. at the hands of His Imperial Majesty
the King during the Royal Visit to India.
M 177
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
R BIJAYCHAND MAHTAB, K.C.S.L, K.C.I.F,, I.O.M., MAHARAJADHIRAJA
BAHADUR OF BURDWAX, was born on the igth October, 1881, and
installed on the i oth February, 1903, by Mr. (now Sir) J. A. Bourdillon, the
then Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal. He was confirmed in the hereditary
title at the Delhi Durbar in 1903, and on the 26th June, 1908, he obtained
for the Raj the full title of Maharajadhiraja Bahadur of Burdwan. He
is the twelfth in succession to
the Burdwan Gadi.
On the ist January, 1909,
he was created a Knight Com-
mander of the Most Eminent
Order of the Indian Empire and
the same Gazette announced
his admission into the Third
Class, Civil Division, of the
Indian Order of Merit, for the
conspicuous courage displayed
by him in the Overtoun Hall
on the 7th November, 1908,
when he helped to save the life
of Sir Andrew Eraser (the then
Lieutenant-G o ve rnor of
Bengal) by interposing his own
person between Sir Andrew
and the would-be assassin's revolver, and thus shielding the Ljeutenant-
Governor at the risk of his own life. On the I2th December, 1911,
at the Imperial Durbar at Delhi, he was created a Knight Commander
of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, and was on the
1 4th idem formally invested with the Insignia of the Order by the
King-Emperor.
The present Maharajadhiraja is a great patron of the " divine arts,"
and is himself a composer of no mean order. He is also a fluent speaker,
178
H.H. TIIIv MAHARAJAH OF lil'RDWAX.
BRITISH INDIA
a keen politician, and an accurate observer, and takes a wide interest in the
many social problems of the day. He is a member of both the Imperial and
the Bengal Legislative Councils, and was elected to the two Councils by an
overwhelming majority of votes in 1909 by the landholders' electorates.
In 1906 he travelled over the Continent of Europe and the British Isles,
and his general observations and his opinions on Western politics and
on literary, scientific, and philanthropic institutions of the West are
graphically described in his " Impressions," a book of his European tour.
He is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society of the United Kingdom,
a Member of the Royal Asiatic Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society of
Arts, a Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute, etc., etc. He has also been
the President of the British Indian Association for the years 1911-12
and 1912-13, and was President of the Imperial Reception Committee
which organized the Royal Pageants that were displayed before their
Imperial Majesties on the Calcutta Maidan (5th January, 1912), when they
visited the city.
The Burdwan Raj Estate is the largest Zemindari in Bengal,
covering an area of about 4,500 square miles, nearly the whole of which
is in the highest state of cultivation, with a population of no less than
two million souls. The total revenues of the State exceed that of any
other in Bengal, and the contribution which it pays into the Imperial
Treasury is far and away the largest paid by any landholder in India.
This great Hindu House is noted for its proverbial charity and monu-
mental works in the public cause, as well as for its many large endowments
in aid of religion.
A son and heir was born to Sir Bijay Chand Mahtab on the I4th
July, 1905. He has been named Uday Chand Mahtab, and is the present
Maharajadhiraja-Kumar of Burdwan.
CIRDAR CHARANJIT SINGH, a distinguished member of the Kapurthala
Ruling Family, is a grandson of His late Highness Rajah Nihal Singh, and
was born in February, 1883. He is one of the prominent and leading chiefs
179
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
of the Punjab and is known for his hospitality, enlightenment and
liberality. He is an excellent English and Persian scholar, and
enjoys the friendship of a very large number of Englishmen. The
esteem in which he is held by the Government is evident by the
distinctions shown to him.
He had the honour of being
invited to meet His Royal
Highness the Prince of
Wales at Lahore in 1905,
and was honoured with a
Royal invitation to attend
the Coronation of Their
Imperial Majesties the King-
Emperor and Queen-Empress
in June, 1911. He had on this
auspicious occasion the further
honour of being formally pre-
sented to His Imperial Majesty
the King-Emperor. He was
also a guest of the Government
at Delhi on the occasion of
the Imperial Royal Durbar in
December, 1911, as well as on
the occasion of the Coronation
Durbar, in 1903.
He has been an Honorary
Magistrate for the last nine
years at Jullunder, where he is looked up to as a true leader of the people,
and inspires the respect and affection of all. His father, Kanwar Sochet
Singh, was " a man of tried loyalty," of whom it was written by an
eminent official that " it would be well if the Government could boast
that all their chiefs had been men of the same stamp," and about
whom Sir Donald McLeod wrote that " had he been an Englishman,
180
SIRDAR CHAR AX JIT SINGH.
BRITISH INDIA
greater earnestness and cordiality could hardly have been evinced by
him, than was shown by Kanwar Sochet Singh, and that the part
taken by him may ever be remembered by the British Government
and its Officers with grateful regard, that he and his descendants may
ever continue deserving of its favour, and that every member of his
family may find hearty friends in all Englishmen with whom he may
come into contact."
The State of Kapurthala has an area of 630 square miles and a population
of over 300,000.
HTHE present MAHARAJAH
OF CHARKHARI, H.H.
MAHARAJADH I RAJA
SIPAHDAR-UL-MULK, SIR
JUJHAR SINH JU DKO
BAHADUR, K.C.I.K., is
a descendant of Maha-
rajah Chatarsal and the
sixth ruler of this State,
which comprises an area of
880 square miles and
contains a population of
132,530 souls.
The State of Charkhari,
which is situated in Bundel-
kund, has always been
renowned for its loyalty to
the British Raj. The dis-
tinguished services of his
predecessor during the period
of the Indian Mutiny are recorded in various despatches at the time.
This chief not only adhered firmly to his alliance with the British
181
H.H. MAHARAJADHIRAJA SIPAHDAR-UI.-MULK,
SIR JUJHAR SINH JU DKO BAHADUR, K.C.I. U.,
OF CHARKHARI STATE, C.I.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Government, but, when the rebels beleaguering the fort demanded
from him the surrender of the British officers whom he had protected,
returned for answer, " he would deliver up his own son, but would, with
his life, defend his British guests." For this act of signal devotion
in protecting the lives of Her Majesty's subjects at the imminent and
unconcealed peril of his own, he was publicly thanked by the Viceroy,
L/ord Canning, who enjoined all British officers who might hereafter enter
the territory of the Maharajah to remember these services, and to
render to His Highness the respect and consideration which he so
eminently deserved.
His Highness had the honour of meeting Their Imperial Majesties
during the late Imperial Durbar at Delhi, where on that auspicious
occasion he was decorated with the insignia of K.C.I.E. In commemora-
tion of the event, on his return from Delhi he remitted three lakhs of
rupees for the relief of his subjects.
The State enjoys a revenue of six lakhs of rupees, and is entitled to a
hereditary salute of eleven guns.
rpHE NAWABZADAH KHWAJAH MAHOMED AFZAL OF DACCA is the
eldest son of the Honourable The Nawab Khwajah Mahomed
Yousouf, K.B., and is the descendant of an ancient house which traces its
lineage backwards through many centuries. The founder of the present
Nawab family of Dacca was Khwajah Khairullah of Kashmir, whose paternal
forefathers were the direct descendants of Shah Syed Abdul Qadir Gilani of
Bagdad, and his grandmother was a lineal descendant of Shah Syed Obeidullah
Ahrar Tusi. During the religious disturbances in the middle of the eighteenth
century, due to the disunion among the two sects of the Mahomedan com-
munity, Khwajah Khairullah, who owned valuable estates in Kashmir,
migrated from there with his son Khwajah Mahomed Afzal, and a daughter,
and after taking refuge for a time in Delhi, finally settled in Patna. There
he acquired considerable estates and became one of the leading men of affluence
in the district. In the year 1850, the only grandson of Khwajah Mahomed
182
BRITISH INDIA
Afzal, Khwajah Mahomed Mahdi, married a half-sister of the late Nawab
Sir Abdul Ghani of Dacca, by whom he had a sou, now the Honourable the
Nawab Khwajah Mahomed Yousouf, father of the present Nawabzadah.
The Nawabzadah
was born on the 3rd
December, 1875, and
was educated in
Dacca, Madrasah, and
at the University of
Calcutta, matriculat-
ing in 1894. He
continued his studies
at the Dacca College
for three years, but
his delicate constitu-
tion stood in the way
of his further progress.
He married the eldest
daughter of the
present Dowager
Begum and now
superintends the
management of his
father's estate, and
has likewise served as
an Honorary Magis-
trate for the past
nine years. On the
occasion of the
Imperial Durbar at Delhi he was granted the Durbar Medal and Certificate
of Honour for his good services, with the use of the courtesy title of
Nawabzadah, this being the first occasion on which this title has been granted
by His Imperial Majesty's Government for the Province of Eastern Bengal
H.H. MAHOMED AFZAL, NAWABZADAH OF DACCA.
183
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
and Assam. He is a member of the Royal Asiatic Society (England) and, like
his father, is very fond of sport and is a first class game and rifle shot. But
his favourite pursuit is the study of Persian, of which he is an ardent lover.
He studied this melodious language specially under the tutorship of the late
Mirza Mahomed "Makhmur" Shirazi, nephew of "Wisal," the famous poet-
laureate of Persia. His genius for writing Persian verses has earned for him
the title of " Shamsush-Shu'ara " in the Province, and has not only gained
for him the admiration of his educated countrymen, but placed him at the
head of the few who are credited with having given attention to this difficult
subject. He has had the honour of receiving the gracious thanks of His
Imperial Majesty for an ingenious Chronogrammatic Ode written in honour
of the Durbar, of which some verses are appended, together with a free
translation in English by the author himself.
ORIGINAL.
1. Subhdam poshid gardun Taj-i zar ba aab-o tab,
Az shu'a-i nur-afshan gashta Geti faizyab.
2. Bar sar-i gulha-i rangin qatraha-i zalaha,
Ya ki iklil-i durar chun afsar-i Afrasyab.
3. Naghmaha-i murgh-i-zar az marghzar aayed hami,
Ya ki murghan basta ander chang-i khud chang-o rabab.
4. 'Arsa-i ghabra farozan yaksarah az tab-i sbid,
Chun 'izar-i mahvashan az saghar-i sahba-i nab.
5. Turfa rang-i basta khak-i Hind kaz rashk-ash sipahr,
Mi-zanad sad n'ara-i " yaa laitani kunto turab."
6. Har taraf atwab-i azdar-dam dama-dam sar shuda,
Andar-in m'ani ki an Shahinshahi malik-riqab :
7. Mafkhar-i Europe sarir-aara-i Mulk-i Asia,
Shah-i bahr-o bar sipahr-i 'azmat-o Kaiwan-janab.
8. Nayyar-i burj-i najabat, gauhar-i durj-i sharaf,
Nazish-i Geti khidiv-i kamgar-o kamyab.
Q. Gorg Kbamis, Shah-i Bartan Qaisar-i Hindoostan
Jilwa-aara gasht bar takbt-i Shahi chun Aftab.
184
BRITISH INDIA
ro. Zinat-i farq-i mubarak afsar-i farmandihi,
Zib-i dast-i zar fishan shamshir dar zarrin qirab.
n. Jam'a bahr-i jhan-nisari sarwaran-i bi-shumar,
Jam'a bahr-i sarfarushi lashkaran-i bi-hisab.
12. An Shahinshahi zavil-qadr-i ki az farr-o shikuh,
Bandagan-i dargah-ash ra mi-buad Dara khitab.
13. Lutf-i wo bahrist kaz wai yak jalian sirab gasht,
Dast-i, wo abr-ist kan lulu be-barad ja-i aab.
14. Nam-i wo dar nama-i Shahi, Shah an ra iftikhar
Zat-i wo dar daftar-i afzaal fard-i intikhab.
15. Dar dil-ash pinhan karam chun bu-i gul dar barg-i gul
Az rukh-ash paida shahamat ham-chunan kaz Mihr tab
16. Shahna-i farman-i 'acll-ash bahr-i aaram-i tazarv
Misl-i pa-i murgh-i-aabi dokht changal-i 'uqab.
17. Shar ze r'ub-ash shud 'adim-o zulm az dad-ash 'aqim
Amn dar 'asr-ash muqim-o fitna dar 'ahd-ash ba-khwab.
18. Bad yak-ran-i Zamanah ya Khuda zir-i do-ran
Bad har aan hishmat-o ijlal wo ra ham-rikab.
19. Dushmanaii-ash ra hazimat bad bigah-o pagah
Nusrat-o fath-o zafar bad-ash hamisha iqtirab.
20. Daulat-i farhat buad Shahinsha-Banu ra nasib
Gah na-binad surat-i kulfat " Ila Yaum-il hisab."
21. Zil-i ishan dayaman bada ba-Royal Family
Sayah-afgan ta ba-Geti Aaftab-o Mahtab.
22. Durr-i sal-i Taj-Poshi az tag-i darya-i fikr,
Afzal-i ahqar bar-aaward-ast chun la'l-i khush-ab.
23. M'anawi Banglah-o Hijri sal kar Suri haminst : —
" Yak-hazar-o seh-sad-o ham bist-o-nnh andar hisab.
1329 A.H. = 1318 B.S.
NOTE. — As His Imperial Majesty is the fifth George, this Chronogram brings out the year
of His Blessed Coronation in no less than live different Eras, viz., Samvat,
Christian, Fuslee, Hijra and Bengali.
(i) By adding the first letters of all the first hemistichs the Samvat Era 1968 is
obtained.
(ii) The sum of the last letters of all the first hemistichs gives the year 1911 A.D.
(iii) The sum of the first letters of all the second hemistichs, figures out as 1319, the
Fusli year.
(iv) From the last hemistich of this ode the year 1329 A.H. is apparent,
(v) And by the computation of the letter-values of this line we get the figures
1318 B.S. corresponding to the Hijra Era 1329 A.H.
185
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
TRANSLATION.
1. At dawn the sky put on the glittering golden orb
Whose refulgent beams kindled the whole Universe.
2. Are these dew-drops that we see trembling on the petals of the flowers of varied hue,
Or is it the crownlet of pearls rivalling the Tiara of Afrasyab ?
3. Is this the musical warble of the song-birds, wafted from the groves,
Or perchance the birds are engaged in playing upon the organs ?
4. Behold this tract of Earth, it is glistening beneath the radiance of the Sun,
Like to the vermeil-tinctured cheeks of a damsel after quaffing a goblet of wine.
5. India's coral strand is robed in wond'rous beauty and the envious sky
Is repeating ever and again the verse " Oh ! had I been turned to Earth."
6. Dragon -like cannon are pouring forth volleys after volleys,
Proclaiming in voice of Thunder. India's homage to the Mighty EMPEROR-KING.
7. The glory of Europe and the glittering Crown of Asia's Throne,
King over lands and seas, in greatness like the sky and whose vestibule is high as the
orbit of Saturn.
8. The brightest luminary of the Zodiac of nobleness and the peerless gem of the casket
of eminence,
The pride of the Universe — a mighty monarch enthroned in the hearts of His people—
9. George the Fifth, King of Great Britain and the Kaiser of India
Has adorned the Royal Throne like the Sun.
10. His auspicious head bedecked with the Regal Crown,
The gold-scattering hand bearing the scimitar in the embroidered sheath.
11. There, for His sake the brave Commanders stand ready to sacrifice their lives,
There, too, the innumerable invincible army ready in His defence to die.
12. Such a mighty monarch is He. in pomp and grandeur,
That a Courtier of His ranks himself as a Lord of high degree.
13. His ocean-like benignity contenting all,
His cloud-like hands showering pearls.
14. His name in the History of Kings, is an object of pride to the Sovereigns,
His August-self in the Book of Virtue is incomparable even amongst tne elect.
15. As the aroma of flowers is inherent in petals, so is magnanimity innate in His mind,
As lustre is in the Sun so is splendour refulgent in His face.
16. The swift-winged messengers of His Justice fly even to aid a sparrow :
Like web-footed Sea-fowls they have closed up the claws of the Eagle.
186
BRITISH INDIA
17. Oppression in terror has vanished and tyranny is barren.
In His time, safety is quartered everywhere, during His reign lawlessness is asleep.
18. O God, may He ever bestride the steed of Fortune,
And may greatness and magnificence be always at His stirrup.
19. May His enemies be always overthrown and vanquished,
And conquest and victory ever attend His footsteps.
20. The treasure of happiness crown the Gracious Queen-Empress,
Her most Serene Majesty, may She never see the face of sorrow.
21. The umbrageous shade of Their Imperial Majesties be ever on the Royal Family,
As long as the Sun and Moon throw lustre upon the Earth.
22. Their Imperial Majesties' most obedient sen-ant. At'zal, has brought up
The matchless pearl of the year of the Happy Coronation from the depths of the
ocean of meditation :
23. From the last ingenious hemistich, both the Hijra and Bengali Eras are alike evident
in Suri M'anawi san'at:
One thousand and three-hundred, also twentv and nine come out
1329 A.H. == 1318 B.S.
T IEUT.-COLONEL E. C. DAVIES,
I.S.O., V.D., of the Ceylon
Light Infantry Volunteers, was born
on the nth July, 1849, and took
an early interest in volunteering.
At the inception of the movement
in Ceylon he materially assisted
in the enrolment of the I^ight
Infantry, a corps in which he has
since its formation taken an active
interest. Gazetted lieutenant in
1881, Captain in 1892, and Major
in 1900, he is now its L,ieut.-
Colonel and Officer Commanding
since 1907.
In 1901 Colonel Davies was
awarded the V.D., and in 1910 a
I he I.mutnii Strr?nscn/iic Co.
IJIvUT.-COI,. 1C. 0. DAY IKS.
I87
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Companionship of the Imperial Service Order was conferred on him for his
many services. He was present, accompanied by Mrs. Davies, at the
Coronation of their Majesties.
AX/riLLIAM DUNUWILE, ESQ., of the Ceylon Civil Service, is one of the
best known of the Kandyan Chiefs. He has acted as Magistrate
in several districts in
the island, has held
the appointment of
District Judge of
Kurunegala, and is
now Police Magistrate
and Commissioner of
Requests at Matale.
Mr. Dunuwile can
point to a career of
personal distinction
creditable alike to his
abilities and to his
work. For a long space
of years he was private
secretary to such men
as Sir Archibald
Lawrie, Sir John Phear,
Mr. Justice Clarence,
Sir Jacobus de Wet,
Sir Samuel Grenier
and Sir Richard Caley,
Maiill 6- Fox.
WILLIAM DUNUWILE, ESQ.
and was admitted into
an unusual share of
their confidence and esteem. He was invested with the rank of Dissawa by
Sir Henry Blake, whom he has often entertained at his historic mansion at
188
BRITISH INDIA
Katugastota, with Lady Blake and H.R.H. Princess L,ouise. Mr. Dunuwile
indeed has been especially fortunate in the many opportunities which have
fallen to his lot to win the confidence and regard of distinguished visitors
to the island. His well-known residence has been the venue of many a
Royal visit, and almost every British and foreign Royal group that has
visited the island has done honour to his hospitality.
When the present King and Queen visited Ceylon, their reception by
the Kandyan Chiefs was under the Dissawa's supervision, and at the Coronation,
which he was specially selected to attend as the representative of the Kandyan
people, Mr. Dunuwile was a welcome guest at some of the most exclusive
functions held in honour of the occasion.
PAZULBHOY MKHKRALLY
CHIXOY, ESQ., belongs
to a community which has
played an important part in
the commercial and industrial
development of Western India.
He was born in Bombay on
the igth May, 1870, the scion
of a family noted for its
benefactions, his father being
one of the early pioneers of
trade with China. He is a
most popular member of Indian
Society, and is much respected
also by the European Com-
munity in Bombay.
Mr. Fazulbhoy is a Justice of
the Peace, a prominent member
of the Bombay Municipal Corporation, on which he has been nominated by
Government as one of the representatives, and is a member of the Standing
FAZUI.BHOY M. CHINOY, ESQ.
189
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Committee. He is connected with many philanthropic movements in the
city. As a member of the Committee of the All-India King Edward Memorial
Fund and the lyord Minto Memorial Fund, he rendered very useful service.
He also gave great assistance to the authorities during the first outbreak
of plague in Bombay in 1896, and his services were gratefully acknow-
ledged by General Gatacre and Sir James Du Boulay. He is a member of
the Constitutional Committee of the Moslem University, in promoting
which he has taken an
active part.
Mr. Fazulbhoy Chinoy was
present at the Coronation of
Their Imperial Majesties as
a specially invited guest in
Westminster Abbey. He is
a Justice of the Peace for
Bombay and resides at
Park House, Colaba.
1LJIS HIGHNESS SHRI
BHAGAVATSINHJI,
the Thakor Saheb of
GONDAL, a first-class native
State situated in the centre
of the historic province of
Saurashtra, is a Jaheja
Rajput by descent, and as
such belongs to the ancient
dynasty which traces its
origin to the renowned
Shri Krishna. Born on the
24th October, 1865, when
only four years old he
Elliott £• Fry.
H.H. THE THAKOR SAHEB OP GONDAI,.
190
BRITISH INDIA
succeeded his father, Sagramji II., a man of pious and simple habits who
was held in great affection by his people. The State was administered
during his minority by the Indian Government, while the young chief
was placed under the care of
experienced teachers. At the
age of nine he was entered
at the Rajkumar College,
and during the whole of his
college career, extending over
nine years, he gave promise
of a very hopeful future, and
evinced considerable inclina-
tion and aptitude for study.
In order to complete his
education and to acquaint
himself with Western thought
and* institutions, he under.
took his first journey to
Europe in 1883, and spent a
considerable time in England
and Scotland, and in the
principal capitals of Europe.
On his return to India he
published the impressions of
his travels in a volume
entitled, " The Journal of a
Visit to England in 1883," a
work which was very favour-
ably noticed by the Indian, H.H. THK RAXIVIC SAHHH.
English, and Continental press. He was nominated a Fellow of the
University of Bombay.
In the following year, on the 25th August, 1884, he assumed sole charge
of the State, and in 1886 he again proceeded to Scotland and attended at the
191
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Edinburgh University for fifteen months, where he so distinguished himself
as a willing and diligent student of science that the old Scottish University
thought fit to confer on him the honorary degree of I^I^.D. He was present
at the time of the Jubilee festivities, when he was fortunate enough to receive
at the hands of Her Majesty Queen Victoria the insignia of Knight Com-
mander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.
His Highness is known as much for his efficient administration, in
which he takes a keen and intelligent interest, as for his loyalty to the British
Raj. During the twenty-seven years of his rule, Gondal has attained the
condition of one of the best managed and model States of India. In 1887
the Indian Government was pleased to raise Gondal, " on account of its
importance and advanced administration," to the rank of a first-class State,
and to grant it a salute of eleven guns.
In the arduous work of social reform in India, His Highness has received
whole-hearted and practical co-operation from his consort, the Ranee Saheb,
Shree Nand Kunverba, whose portrait we also reproduce. This Rajput lady
was the first Ranee of an Indian ruling chief who ventured to set aside the
prejudices of her caste and cross the " Kala-pani," when in 1890 she accom-
panied her husband in a lengthened tour round the world, subsequently
narrating her travels in a volume entitled, " Go-Mandal Parikramana," or
" A Tour round the World." During this trip, which was chiefly undertaken
for the benefit of Her Highness' health, and while she remained for two years
under medical treatment in England, the Thakor Saheb, who is studious by
nature, again joined the Edinburgh University, going through the whole of
the medical curriculum, and took his M.D. degree in the ordinary course.
He also passed the examination for the membership of the Royal College of
Physicians of Edinburgh, and the Fellowship of the same, while in
June, 1892, the University of Oxford conferred on him the honorary degree
of D.C.I,
He is also an F.R.S.E., and M.R.A.S., and the author of a medical
work called "A Short History of the Aryan Medical Science."
His Highness has four sons and three daughters, all of whom have
received their education in England and Scotland.
192
BRITISH INDIA
L
IEUTENANT-COLONEL
EDWIX JAMES HAYWARI).
commanding the Ceylon Artil-
lery Volunteers, was appointed
by His Excellency Sir Henry
McCallum, G.C.M.G., Governor
of Ceylon, as one of the military
representatives of the Colony at
the Coronation of King George
and Queen Mary. The Ceylon
Artillery Volunteers, of which
His Excellency Sir Henry
McCallum is Honorary Colonel,
were formed in 1888, and since
that date have held an impor-
tant place in the defences of
Ceylon. Colonel Hay ward joined
the corps in 1889 as a gunner,
and has worked his way up through all ranks to his present command.
He holds the Colonial Forces Long-Service Medal.
JIT IS HIGHNESS FARZAND-I-DILBAND, RASIKH-UL-ITIKAD, DAULAT-I-
INGLISHIA, RAJAH-I-RAJGAN, SIR RANBIR SINGH BAHADUR,
K.C.S.I., MAHARAJAH OF JIND.
Jind State is one of the three Phulkian States, and the area over
which the sovereignty of the Maharajah extends covers 1,268 square miles,
with a population of 271,728 souls. The chief dialects spoken are Bangru,
Bagri, Ahir Bati, Punjabi, and Hindustani. His Highness MAHARAJAH SIR
RANBIR SINGH was born in 1879, and belongs to a well-known Phulkian family
named after Phul, whose great grandson, Rajah Gaj pat-Singh, was the founder
of the Jind dynasty. Maharajah Sir Ranbir Singh succeeded his grandfather
Rajah Raghbir Singh in 1887, his father, Tika Sahib Balbir Singh, having died
WKUT.-COLOXKL E. J. HAYWARD.
IQ3
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
during the latter's lifetime. A Council of Regency was appointed to carry on
the administration until he attained his majority. In November, 1899, he
was invested with full powers at a Durbar held at Sangrur. The title of Rajah,
with the right of coining money, was granted to the family in a Royal Firman
under the seal of the Emperor Shah Alain, in 1772, and from that time the
Rulers of Jind have been independ-
ent Princes. The hereditary title
of "Maharajah" was granted by
His Imperial Majesty the King
Emperor George V. at the Corona-
tion Delhi Durbar in 1911.
His Highness is worthily
endeavouring to walk in the foot-
steps of his grandfather, who may
be called the maker of Jind as it is
to-day. Maharajah Ranbir Singh
was called upon immediately on
the assumption of full powers to
face the great famine of 1899.
His Highness displayed energy and
liberality in dealing with the
situation. Relief works were open-
ed and a large number of persons
at Sangrur were set to work on the
construction of the L,udhiana-Dhuri-
Jakhal Railway. The Maharajah
has under him a State Council,
designated Council Wizarat, of four
ministers, namely :—
Sardar Bahadur Sardar Sham-
sher Singh, C.I.E., Chief Minister;
Munshi Brij Narain ; Sardar Prem
HIS HIGHNESS THE MAHARAJAH OF JIND. Singh ; Syed Najaf Ali, Ministers.
194
BRITISH INDIA
His Highness has shown special interest in public works. Since his
accession to power several important buildings have been constructed, such as
the Raj High School and the Lady Minto Ranbir Girls' School in Sangrur,
the Ranbir Skating Rink in the Mehtab Bagh, the Grain Markets at Sangrur
and Julana, the Record Office, the Victoria Golden Jubilee Hospital, and the
Female and Veterinary Hospitals, and several roads. The Imperial Service
Infantry Barracks and the Dak Bungalow near the Railway Station also owe
their existence to His Highness. The Educational and Medical Departments
have also felt the benefit of His Highness' progressive tendencies, the Sangrur
High School being reported by Mr. Wright, the Inspector of Schools, Delhi
Division, to be one of the best schools in Indian States. The present Ruler
pays special attention to his Imperial Service Infantry. In 1897 the Jind
Durbar placed the Imperial Service Troops at the disposal of the Government
in the Tirah campaign on the North-West Frontier. On several occasions the
Jind troops did excellent service and earned the commendations of the
General in Command. The mobilization kit of these troops is so perfect
and complete that they could take the field at five minutes' notice. Various
concessions have been given to the men by the present Ruler, and he has
built for them at a cost of two lakhs magnificent and comfortable lines. He
keeps, also, a registered subdivision of 243 camels for the assistance of the
Imperial Government in time of war ; and like his illustrious forefathers he
would no doubt take the field himself if the needs of the Empire required it.
The Jind State contracted friendly relations with the British Throne in 1803,
and since that time the ties of friendship have each year become closer and
closer, the Rulers of Jind having ever come cheerfully forward with their
army and resources to help the Sovereigns of Great Britain. His Highness
is very keen in all that is for the advancement of the State. In his reign
the lyudhiana-Dhuri-Jakhal Railway has been constructed, and another line,
the Jind-Panipat Railway, will soon be taken in hand. The police service
has been re-organised by him, and he has made arrangements for all police
officers to be trained in the Police Training School at Phillor. He has con-
structed grain marts and has sunk eighty-four irrigation wells, and he has
relieved the Zemindars from the encumbrances of debts to money-lenders,
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
who took interest at a very high rate, by starting Co-operative Credit Societies
throughout the State. British laws for the administration of criminal justice
have been introduced by him, and reforms in almost every department of the
State have been brought about since he assumed the reins of government.
One of his first acts was to raise the scale of pay for State servants, and he has
provided a fund for the maintenance of their widows and orphans — a great
boon for those concerned. Into education His Highness has infused new
spirit. Almost all the teachers in the State schools are now trained and
certificated. An excellent school for girls has been erected by him in the
capital. In order to diffuse education more widely, he made primary educa-
tion free throughout the State, and granted a scholarship, designated " Dane
Ranbir Foreign Scholarship," for higher education in Europe or America
in honour of the hereditary title of " Maharajah " being conferred upon
him. There are thirty schools in the State, as detailed below :
FOR BOYS.
High School (Anglo-Vernacular) . . , . . . i
Middle Schools (Anglo -Vernacular) . . . . . . 3
Upper Primary Schools (Vernacular) . . 23
Punjabi School . . . . . . . . . . . . i
FOR GiRivS.
Middle School (Anglo-Vernacular) . . . . . . i
Upper Primary School (Vernacular) . . . . i
A great deal has been done by him for the relief of suffering, and
his up-to-date hospitals include a Veterinary Hospital for Animals, in
which place ancient pensioners testify to his kindly spirit.
The loyalty of His Highness to the British Throne is in keeping with the
deeds of his ancestors, and he has shown his devotion to the British Royal
family in many practical ways. On the sad demise of Her Most Gracious
Majesty Queen Victoria, he subscribed Rs. 50,000 towards the memorial of the
Queen Empress. In honour of the Coronation Durbar of 1903 he remitted
Rs. 225,000, due from his subjects, and contributed a lakh of rupees towards
the King Edward Provincial Memorial, which money is now being utilised
for extending the Medical College at Lahore, and Rs. 5,000 towards the
196
BRITISH INDIA
All-India Memorial. On the safe return to England of Their Imperial
Highnesses, the present King-Emperor and Queen-Empress, after their visit
to India, as Prince and Princess of Wales in 1906, he offered a donation of
Rs. 25,000 as Sarwarna, which was accepted and equally divided between
the Victoria May Girls' High School at Lahore and the Minto Nursing Asso-
ciation. In commemoration of the historic Coronation Durbar of 1911, His
Highness the Maharajah granted an increase in the pay of officers and men
of the Jind Imperial Service Infantry, and made the appointments of Trans-
port Employees and other followers pensionable. He also ordered a wing, to
be called " The Emperor George Coronation Wing," to be added to the
Victoria Golden Jubilee Hospital, remitted State debts and demands amount-
ing to one lakh of rupees to the State subjects and employees, and freely
allowed his Mahomedan subjects to give "Azan" (a loud call at the time
of prayer), which was heretofore prohibited. His Highness was invited to
meet their Imperial Highnesses when they visited Lahore as Prince and
Princess of Wales in 1905, and on the ist January, 1909, he was made a
Knight Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. His
Highness' actions are marked with earnestness to improve his State, and he
is deeply interested in all that tends to promote the well-being of his peaceful
subjects. He is a keen sportsman and fond of shooting big game.
Turning to the family history of Jind it may be noted that it is with Rajah
Gajpat Singh that Jind history is specially concerned. He was bora about
the year 1738 and grew up a fine handsome youth, well skilled in all military
exercises. His daughter Bibi Rajkour was married to Sardar Mahan Singh
Sukar Chakia, and became the mother of Maharajah Ranjit Singh of
Lahore.
Rajah Gajpat Singh joined the Sikh Army in 1763, when Zin Khan, the
Afghan Governor of Sirhind, was defeated and slain, and he then seized a large
tract of country, including the districts of Jind and Sufaidon, overrunning
Panipat and Karnal. In 1775 Rahim Dad Khan, Governor of Hansi, was
sent against Jind by the Delhi Governor, Nawab Majad-ul-Daulah Abdulahad
Khan. Rahim Dad Khan was defeated and killed (his tomb is to be seen
outside the Jind City), and the trophies of this victory are still preserved in the
197
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Quarter Guard of the Jind Imperial Service Infantry. Rajah Gajpat Singh
built a large brick fort on the northern side of the town of Jind.
Rajah Gajpat Singh died in 1789 and was succeeded by his son Bhag Singh.
Rajah Bhag Singh was the first of all the great Cis-Sutlej Chiefs to seek an
alliance with the British Government, and he joined the British Army with
a large detachment. For several months the Rajah remained with General
Lake, who writes of Rajah Bhag Singh as a friend and ally. Rajah Bhag
Singh's influence had a good effect, and on one occasion he held Saharunpore
while Colonel Ochterlony was in pursuit of the Mahrattas.
Rajah Bhag Singh joined Lord Lake in his pursuit of Jaswant Rao
Holkar in 1805, accompanying him as far as the Beas, whence he was deputed
to Lahore as an envoy to his nephew Maharajah Ranjit Singh to warn him of
the approach of the English General, and against espousing the hopeless cause
of Holkar, who was then in grave extremities. The mission was conducted
throughout to the General's entire satisfaction. Rajah Bhag Singh was able
to exert considerable influence with his nephew in favour of the English,
and Holkar was compelled to leave the Punjab.
In April, 1807, Rajah Bhag Singh readily consented to the survey of his
country by Lieut. F. White, and did all he could to make the expedition
successful. A survey in Sikh territory was not then so commonplace a pro-
ceeding as at present, for the people were suspicious, and generally imagined
that the survey of their country was only a preliminary to its annexation.
When General Ochterlony was advancing with a strong force to the
Sutlej, to strengthen by his propinquity the arguments of Mr. Metcalfe, the
envoy at Lahore, whose negotiations seemed still far from any satisfactory
conclusion, Rajah Bhag Singh met the General at Buria with his troops,
as it was thought his presence with the English force would have a good effect.
The Rajah continued with General Ochterlony till his arrival at Ludhiana, at
which place the detachment was ordered to halt, and acted as a mutual friend
in the negotiations which were necessary between the General and the Lahore
agent.
Rajah Bhag Singh died in 1819, and was succeeded by his son Fatteh
Singh, whose reign was very short and quite uneventful. He died on the
198
BRITISH INDIA
3rd February, 1822, leaving one son, Rajah Sangat Singh, eleven years of
age. The administration was carried on during his minority by the officers
of the State, and after a very short time he died in 1834, leaving no son.
His second cousin, Rajah Sarup Singh, succeeded. In his reign the excise
and transit duties were abolished in the Jind territory, the British Govern-
ment engaging never to demand from the Rajah or his successors tribute or
revenue commutation in lieu of troops or otherwise, and the Rajah on his part
engaging to aid the Government with all his troops in the event of war,
to maintain the military roads and to suppress suttee, slave dealing, and
infanticide in his territories.
A Sanad, dated the 22nd September, 1847, was granted to the Rajah, con-
firming to him his ancestral possessions, with the additional assurance that the
British authorities would not entertain complaints on the part of the Maha-
rajah's subjects or dependants, or interfere with the Maharajah's authority.
When the second Sikh war broke out, Rajah Sarup Singh offered to lead
his troops in person to Lahore to join the English Army, but his services not
being found necessary, were declined with thanks.
When the Mutiny broke out in May, 1857, Rajah Sarup Singh at once
collected all his troops, and by forced marches reached Karnal on the i8th
May, where he undertook the defence of the city and cantonments. His
contingent was orderly and disciplined, and his presence at Karnal gave
confidence and secured that station from plunder. From Karnal the Rajah
sent a detachment to secure the bridge of boats at Baghpat, twenty miles
north of Delhi, thus enabling the Meerut force to cross the Jumna and join
Sir H. Barnard's Column. The town of Panipat, which was in a most excited
state, was restored to order, and the Jind force inarched in the post of honour
in advance of the British Column, recovering Sumbhalka and Rai, securing
the road and collecting supplies for the army. On the 7th June, Rajah
Sarup Singh joined the British Camp at Alipore, and the following day the
battle of Badli Serai was fought, in which Jind troops behaved well, and were
complimented on the field by the Commander-in-Chief, who sent one of the
captured guns to the Rajah as a present. On the igth June the Jind troops
aided in repulsing the Nasirabad force, which attacked the camp ; and on the
199
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
2ist were sent to Baghpat to repair the bridge of boats which had been de-
stroyed. The Jind force, under Commandant Kahan Singh, took a prominent
part in the assault of the city, scaling the walls side by side with the English
troops, and of their number several were killed and wounded. Rajah Sarup
Singh was the only chief who was present with his troops before Delhi. As
a token of gratitude and confidence the administration of Rohtak was made
over to the Rajah of Jind during the most disturbed period, and the headmen
of villages and the Zemindars were directed to pay their revenue to him.
The services of Rajah Sarup Singh were thus of the most valuable kind.
The Commissary-General, Colonel Thomson, C.B., declared that but for the
timely supplies furnished by him the quantity of stores would have been at
first insufficient for the troops. General Wilson, in his despatch of the 22nd
September, announcing the fall of Delhi, brings "prominently to notice the
admirable service performed by the Jind Rajah and his troops, who are said
not only to have discharged harassing duties in the constant escort of convoys,
but to have aided the General on more than one occasion in the field and
finally to have participated in the capture and assault of Delhi." The
Governor-General, in his notification of the 5th November, 1857, declared
that the steady support of the Rajah of Jind called for the marked
thanks of the Government.
Rajah Sarup Singh received as reward for his gallant services in the
Mutiny the Dadri territory, 575 square miles in extent. Thirteen villages in
the Kularan Ilaka, conveniently situated near Sangrur, were also ceded to the
Rajah in perpetuity. As a memorial of his services before Delhi, the confis-
cated house of the rebel Shahzada Mirza Abubakar, situated in that city, was
bestowed on the Rajah. He also received a Sanad, dated 5th May, 1860, grant-
ing him full sovereignty on his ancestral and acquired possessions, embodying
the additional privileges which had been conceded to him, and the arrange-
ments which had been made for the administration of the State in the event of
a minority or the death of the chief without having appointed a successor.
On the 26th January, 1864, Rajah Sarup Singh, of Mutiny fame, died.
In person and presence he was eminently princely, and the stalwart Sikh
race could hardly show a taller or stronger man. Clad in armour, as he loved
200
BRITISH INDIA
to be at the head of his troops, there was perhaps no other prince in India who
bore himself so gallantly and looked so true a soldier. In character he was
honest and just. The British Government has never had an ally more true and
loyal in heart than Rajah Sarup Singh, who served it from affection and not
from fear.
Rajah Sarup Singh had been nominated a Knight Grand Commander
of the Star of India, in September, 1863, but he was too ill to visit Ambala
to be invested, and died before the honour to which he had been designated
could be bestowed.
Rajah Raghbir Singh, the son and heir of Rajah Sarup Singh, was in
every way worthy of his father. He was at this time about thirty years of
age, and had been thoroughly trained in judicial and administrative matters,
in which the late Rajah was an excellent teacher, as he kept his territory in
excellent order and had been eminently just in his dealings with his subjects.
The new Rajah had scarcely taken his seat on the Gadi than a rebellion
broke out in the newly-acquired territory of Dadri, which tested all his energy
and determination. The Nawab of Dadri had been as a ruler incompetent.
He was accustomed to farm out the revenue to the headmen of the villages.
When the Rajah of Jind took possession, a complete change was wrought in
the system, and a regular settlement was made after the English method.
The real exciters of discontent in Dadri were the headmen of the villages, who
found all their gains at an end, and themselves reduced to the position of
simple L,ambardars. Hakim Kasim AH Khan, who was a malcontent on
account of the Rajah having made a cash assessment of his Jagir, instigated
the revolt, the lyoharu State was favourable, and help was also promised from
the Rajput Border. About fifty villages broke into open revolt, the police
station of Badrah was captured, and the Thanedar placed in confinement,
while rude entrenchments were thrown up round some of the villages. Arms
and ammunition were received from the neighbouring territory of Sheik-
hawati, L,oharu and Khetri, and the famous Sheikhawati robbers were sum-
moned to help on promise of plunder and pay.
The Dadri people had made a great mistake when they fancied that the
new Rajah was less energetic than his father. Immediately on hearing of the
201
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
rebellion, he left Jind with two regiments of infantry 1,500 strong, 350 horses
and four guns, and marched to Dadri, which he reached on the 8th May. He
did not ask Patiala or Nabha for the assistance which they were quite willing
to give, and politely declined the presence of a British officer in his camp, as
he imagined that it might seem that he was unable to meet and overcome the
first difficulty which he had experienced after ascending the throne. On the i4th
May the Rajah at daybreak attacked the village of Charkhi, about four miles
south-west of Dadri, where some 1,500 or 2,000 of the rebellious Zemindars
had collected and entrenched themselves. They had been repeatedly warned,
and several days had been allowed them to come in and make their submission,
but they declared their determination to resist the Rajah's authority to the
last. But when the attack really took place and the guns opened on the
village, the insurgents broke at once, and in their flight a good many were
overtaken and cut up. The village was then burnt, and the Rajah the same
day marched against another, Mankawas, six miles distant, which was cap-
tured and destroyed. The village Jhouju was the last place at which the
rebels made a stand, but it was taken by storm on the i6th May with a few
casualties on both sides. It shared the fate of the two other villages, and the
insurgents, finding their cause hopeless, fled to Rajputana territory, and the
rebellion was over. The Rajah was as merciful after his success as he had
been energetic in action. He only punished the ringleaders of the revolt,
permitting the Zemindars to return to Dadri territory and rebuild their
ruined villages, and order has since been maintained in this part of the
Jind dominion.
Rajah Raghbir Singh gave useful help to the British Government in
putting down the Kuka outbreak in 1872. He received the honour of G. C.S.I.,
in 1876, and was made a Councillor of the Indian Empire in 1877. In 1878-
79 he sent a contingent to assist the Government in the Afghan war. He also
made a similar offer in the Egyptian campaign of 1882, but it could not be
accepted .
He died in 1887. He was a chief of excellent judgment and great
honesty, a keen sportsman and a brave soldier. Many and varied were the
measures which he adopted to promote the prosperity and well-being of his
202
BRITISH INDIA
State. It is no exaggeration to say that he left his mark on almost every de-
partment of public life. He founded a number of new villages and called
them (a proof of his artistic tastes) after various musical modes of the Hindu
system of the divine art. Before the reign of Rajah Raghbir Singh there were
very few gardens in the State. He laid out gardens in several towns and large
villages, importing new plants for them. He extended irrigation and opened
three refineries for manufacturing saltpetre. He built a palace at Sangrur,
erected an iron foundry, built the Idgah (a place of worship for the Mahome-
dans) and Hindu temples, and beautified the town in many other ways. Jind
undoubtedly owes its artistic pre-eminence to its late chief, Rajah Raghbir
Singh, whose death was a great loss to the Punjab.
The son and heir of Rajah Raghbir Singh having died in his lifetime,
he was succeeded by His Highness Maharajah Sir Ranbir Singh Bahadur,
K. C.S.I., the subject of the present memoir.
The principal revenue-paying crops in the State are sugar cane, wheat,
cotton, oil seeds, and bajra. In the villages cheap food grains, such as Jawar
bajra, maize, mixed gram, and barley, are generally grown and consumed
by the villagers. Fodder crops are also sown. Of the three Tahsils into which
the State is divided for revenue and administrative purposes, two, namely,
Sangrur and Jind, are irrigated by the Sirhind and the Western Jumna Canals
respectively. Dadri, the un-irrigated Tahsil, is a camel-breeding tract, and
the camels are used both for ploughing and carrying, as well as for riding.
In the Balanwali Ilaka, sheep do well and goats nourish throughout the
State. A good type of milch buffalo is found in Jind. Cattle fairs are held
at frequent intervals, and are managed by the State, which offers prizes to
exhibitors of the best cattle.
Rajah Sarup Singh formed the State forces into regular regiments, and
his successor Rajah Raghbir Singh did much to introduce the British system
of discipline. The oldest regiments are the Sherdil Horse Artillery, raised
in 1838, and the Suraj Mukhi Infantry, raised in 1837. The latter was re-
organised as the Imperial Service Infantry early in 1889, the Rajah's offer made
in 1887 having been accepted by the Viceroy at a Durbar held in Patiala in
1888. In December, 1891, the Jind Transport was raised. The Akal Cavalry
203
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Regiment raised in 1845, the Katar Mukhi Regiment raised in 1857, an(i tne
Mountain Battery organised in 1874, are the other components of the Jind
Army.
The principal towns are Sangrur, a station on the lyUdhiana-Dhuri-Jakhal
Railway, and the administrative headquarters of the State ; Jind, the ancient
Jaintapuri, and the former capital of the State ; Dadri, a station on the Rewari-
Ferozepore Railway, and a town of great antiquity ; Kaliana, where sandstone
is found ; and Safidon, the centre of the saltpetre manufacture. A part of
the ancient Kurukshetra lies within the State, and there are many localities
besides, associated with the names of the classical heroes of Hinduism.
H.H. KUMAR JUS WANT RIKH.
HIGHNESS KUMAR JUSVVANT
RIKH, of Tajpur, United Prov-
inces of Agra and Oudh, was born in
1878. He is the second son of the Rajah
of Tajpur, who is the head of a family
well known for its loyalty and help to
the British Government during the first
and second Sikh wars and the Mutiny,
for which services he had the honour to
be made a member of the Kaiser-i-Hind
order. The Rajah is also a member of
the Legislative Council of the Provinces
of Agra and Oudh, being appointed there-
to by the Lieutenant-Governor.
Kumar Rikh was educated and
brought up in England from the age of
ten years, and had the honour of being
invited to the Coronation of Their
Majesties in Westminster Abbey, and
also to the Coronation Durbar held at
Delhi.
204
BRITISH INDIA
UIS HIGHNESS HIRA SINGH SAHIB BAHADUR, G.C.S.I.. G.C.I.K.,
the late MAHARAJAH OF NABHA, was born in the year 1843
in the Badrukhan family of the Phulkian Maharajahs. He was a great
personality and a Maharajah of extraordinary intelligence and administrative
ability. His reign was marked by many acts of staunch loyalty to
the British Throne and distinguished services to his State and people. He
was a Maharajah in the truest sense of the word, loving his people and subjects
as a father does his children. The people of Nabha will long remember him
for his even-handed justice and deeds of generosity and benevolence.
As Maharajah Bhagwan Singh of Nabha died without male issue in
May, 1871, Maharajah Hira Singh was selected as his successor, according to
the provisions of the treaty of 1860 between the Phulkian Maharajahs and
the British Government, under which, in the event of failure of a male heir,
either by birth or adoption, an heir should be selected from amongst the
Phulkian Family by two other Maharajahs and the representative of the British
Government.
After his succession to the throne of Nabha, whenever an opportunity
presented itself to the Maharajah of giving proof of his loyalty, he proved
himself equal to the occasion. His Highness received high encomium
several times from the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, and was
thanked by the Government for his prompt and timely services. In
the Second Afghan war of 1878-79, His Highness sent a force of 2 guns, 200
cavalry and 500 infantry for service in the Kurrum Valley. These troops
did very splendid service in the first phase of the campaign, in recognition of
which the Maharajah was created in 1880 a G. C.S.I., by Her late Majesty
Queen Victoria. Other occasions on which His Highness manifested
his friendship for the British Government by an offer of military
assistance or money were — the Malta expedition, 1878 ; the Egyptian war,
1882 ; the Manipur affair, 1891 ; the Waziristan campaign, 1894 ; the
Chitral Relief expedition, 1895 ; the Chinese troubles, 1900 ; and the South
African war ; and these offers were warmly appreciated by the Government.
When horses were urgently wanted in South Africa for the Mounted Infantry
Force operating against the Boers, the Maharajah sent 50 of his cavalry horses
205
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
fully equipped. His Highness was the first among the Princes of the Punjab
who offered four lakhs of rupees for the defence of the Empire, but the offer of
money was declined with thanks. His troops are a splendid body of soldiers,
H.H. THE LATE MAHARAJAH OF NABHA.
ready to take the field for the defence of the Empire, and once did excellent
service in the Tirah expedition of 1897.
His Highness was equally distinguished for his munificent gifts.
Besides many small donations on several occasions, he gave 50,000 rupees for
206
BRITISH INDIA
the relief of the wounded and the distressed families of those killed in the
Second Afghan war of 1878-79. He contributed a lakh of rupees for each
of the memorials of Queen Victoria and King Edward VII. In honour of the
visit to India to 1905 of Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of
Wales (now Their Majesties King George and Queen Mary), 50,000 rupees was
offered by the Maharajah, which was devoted to the Victoria May Girls'
College at Lahore.
The Maharajah's solicitude for the well-being of his subjects has been
no less conspicuous than his loyalty to the Crown and his services to the Empire.
He tried his utmost to ameliorate the condition of the most important class of
men in India, whose main industry is agriculture, by opening banks to help
the distressed agriculturists, much oppressed by the usurers, who exacted
exorbitant rates of interest. It is the primary duty of a good Government
to provide against famine, and the Nabha State, co-operating with its sister
Phulkian States — Patiala and Jind — and the British Government, constructed
and opened canals in its territory at the cost of about 20 lakhs of rupees. The
agriculturists, by the help of irrigation from these canals, have derived much
benefit ; they are reaping fourfold profit of their labour, and in bad years
will not now fear the horrors of misery and death. The Maharajah took also
a great interest in the education of his subjects, and opened several schools in
the State of different standards. For the relief of the sick there are hospitals
at the headquarters of each district. The Maharajah also carried out many
social reforms, the chief among these being the facilities granted to widows
to remarry.
Maharajah Hira Singh died after a long and useful reign of forty years
on the 25th December, 1911, much lamented, not by his subjects and servants
only, but by the people of the whole of India. His Majesty the King-Emperor
George V., His Excellency the Viceroy Lord Hardinge of Penshurst, and
other dignitaries of the British Government expressed their sorrow for
the loss of a faithful friend and ally of the Empire.
He is now succeeded by his only son and heir, His Highness Maharajah
Ripudaman Singh, F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S., who has already made his mark
during his term of office in the Supreme Legislative Council of India (1906-08).
207
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
A prince of great promise, there is every reason to hope that his reign will
be marked with the same spirit of loyalty to the British Throne and fatherly
protection to his subjects.
J-JIS HIGHNESS FARZAND-I-ARJUMAND, AQIDAT-PAIWAND DAULAT-I-
INGLISHIA, BARAR BANS SARMAUR, RAJA-I-RAJGAN MAHARAJAH
RIPUDAMAN SINGH SAHIB, MALWINDAR BAHADUR, F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S.,*
OF NABHA, is the only son of His late Highness Maharajah Hira Singh
Sahib Malwindar Bahadur, G. C.S.I., G.C.I.E., who died after reigning
over Nabha State with great tact and ability for more than forty years.
Maharajah Ripudaman Singh was born on the 4th March, 1883, and
succeeded to the throne of Nabha on the 25th December, 1911, on the
death of his father. He married in June, 1901, at the age of 18, and has
one daughter, Princess Amrit Kaur, born October, 1907. The education of
the Maharajah was carried on by his tutors with great care under the
watchful and wise guidance of his father, the late Maharajah. The young
Maharajah early gave promise of his intelligence and aptitude for adminis-
trative work, and His late Highness Maharajah Hira Singh Sahib, seeing
these good signs, gave him a share in the management of the affairs of
his State. Maharajah Ripudaman Singh conducted with great efficiency
and ability whatever work was put under his charge, and for a great length
of time he supervised the Foreign Department of his father's State.
When only 23 years of age, he was appointed a Member of the
Supreme legislative Council of the Viceroy of India in 1906, this being
a unique distinction at his age. His speeches were much appreciated
by the Government, and by the leading Indian Members, his honourable
colleagues in the Council, who had experience of many years of public
affairs. He expressed his views on nearly every subject of importance
that Government had to deal with, such as education, public service,
* Translation : — His Highness Valued and Devoted son of the English Power, the
Crown of the Barar race, Raja-i-Rajgan Maharajah Ripudaman Singh Sahib, the Valiant
King of Malvva, F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S.
208
BRITISH INDIA
railways, religious endowments, liquor, opium, etc. During his term of
membership of the Supreme Legislative Council the most noteworthy
service rendered by the Maharajah to the Sikh Community, to which
H.H. RIPUDAMAN SINGH, MAHARAJAH OF NABHA.
he belongs, was the introduction of the Anand Sikh Marriage Bill (October,
1908), which became law in the following year.
His interest in the public affairs of India in the Viceroy's Council
attracted the attention of the public men of his country, and he was duly
o 209
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
elected to preside over the Indian National Social Conference held in
Lahore in 1909, which meets every year conjointly with the sittings of the
National Congress of India in the month of December. He delivered his
presidential address, which covered several momentous questions of social
reform, with such enlightenment as to command admiration from the
audience and the appreciation of the veterans of the social reform move-
ment. The words of the Maharajah touched the hearts of the people
the more forcibly because they were not mere words, but were backed
by practice, and showed the experience and calm judgment of an old
rather than that of a young man of his age and position. The ripe
experience of the venerable Maharajah Hira Singh Sahib Bahadur of Nabha
was, as it were, reflected by the young Maharajah with a double brilliance.
Along with many other useful things, the Maharajah exhorted his countrymen
above all to ameliorate the condition of their women, if they desired the real
progress and regeneration of India, which once was the cradle of civilisation.
Being nurtured in the true tenets of the Sikh religion, which teaches the
brotherhood of man and the Unity of a Divine Father, the Maharajah is of
opinion that a country, in order to have a national life, must remove the hard
barriers of the different castes and creeds which separate man from man.
His health utterly broke down towards the end of 1909, after his two
years' hard work in the Council, and several other anxieties ; and early the
next year, under medical advice, he proceeded to Europe. He was received
in a private audience by His Majesty the King on the I3th June, 1910, on
his arrival in England. Accompanied by Her Highness the Maharanee, he
attended the Coronation of King George V. and his Consort at Westminster
Abbey.
The Maharajah travelled through several countries of Europe for about
two years. He has seen much of European institutions and manners,
and his natural talents have received a useful supplement by the experience
and knowledge gained in his travels. He is in his habits pure, studious, and
industrious. His application to work is worthy of imitation, and his sim-
plicity of life is a noble example which may be copied with advantage by his
compeers.
210
BRITISH INDIA
He was under the treatment of specialists on the Continent when
he received the terrible news of his father's death, and he hurried back to
India. The lamented demise of his noble and illustrious father, Maharajah
Hira Singh Sahib Malwindar Bahadur, famed for his loyalty to the British
Crown and for his administrative capacity, now brought him the direct
control of Nabha State, the affairs of which he had already managed in his
father's lifetime. A Maharajah so liberal and virtuous, who has received a
sound training under his venerable father, imbibing all his good characteristics,
and who has been in touch, in his sojourn in Europe, with men of broad
principles, cannot surely fail to be a worthy successor to his distinguished
father.
Nabha State, it is hoped, will become a model State of India in the
hands of its new ruler. It is one of the most important Sikh States of the
Punjab. Its sister States are Patiala and Jind, and the three combined are
called the Phulkian States, but the rulers of Nabha claim a superiority over
the other two, being descended from the eldest branch of the family. And
then again, the village Phul, founded by their common progenitor, Maharajah
Phul, from which all these States have sprung, is in Nabha territory — a fact
which adds to their claim of seniority.
OHRIMANT NARAYAN RAO BOLIA SAHEB is a Sirdar of the first rank and
dignity at Indore. He is the adopted son of the late Govind Rao Chimaji
Bolia, who died on the I4th December, 1895, without leaving issue. During the
minority of Shrimant Narayan Rao, the Estate was managed by the guardians
who were appointed by the Indore Durbar. Shrimant Narayan Rao commenced
his education in the city High School, Indore, and in the year 1904 he was
sent to the Daly College, Indore. When H.H. the Maharajah Tukojee Rao
Holkar joined the Mayo College, Ajmere, Shrimant Narayan Rao accompanied
him as his companion the same year, and obtained his education there up to
the Diploma Class of the College. He returned to Indore in 1907, and in
the following year became of age and the management of his Estate was
entrusted to him by the Durbar.
211
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
The history of the Bolia family can be traced from the time of the
Peishwa Bajee Rao I. Vithojee Bolia, as one of his principal Sirdars, accom-
panied him in his invasions in Hindustan and Guzerat, and fought bravely
in conquering the Duab.
He was afterwards slain
while leading a portion of
the Peishwa's troops
against Sadatkhan, and
was succeeded by his son,
Govind Rao, who was
given some purganas in
Malwa by the Peishwa for
his meritorious services.
His grandson, Govind
Rao II., was married to
Bhimabai, daughter of
Jashwantrao Holkar, who
gave her the purgana of
Kunch in Bundelkund
as a dowry. Bhimabai's
relations with the British
Government were very
friendly, and after her
death in 1858, though
SHRIMAXT XARAYAX RAO BOWA SAHEB. the P^gana of Kunch
reverted to the British
Government, the Governor-General was nevertheless pleased to assign a
pension of Rs. 20,000 a year from the revenue of Kunch to her grandson,
Govindrao Bolia III., the father of the present Sirdar.
/^VNE of the most notable of the Indian visitors attending the ceremony
of King George's Coronation was TRIBHOWANDAS MANGALDAS
212
BRITISH INDIA
NTATHOOBHOY, ESQ., Mr. Tribhowandas is a Justice of the Peace ana
Honorary Magistrate for the City of Bombay, and in his time he has
distinguished himself not only by his loyalty to the crown, but by his
princely munificence to his poorer brethren.
During the most disastrous period of the plague — 1896-1897 — Mr.
Tribhowandas rendered yeoman service in assisting the authorities, and he
was publicly thanked by Sir
William Gatacre, and his
eminent services were promi-
nently brought to the notice
of the Government. In an
official report confirmed by a
caste meeting, it was said :—
" From the commencement of
the plague till this day, and
during the worst and most
trying time of 1897, Sheth
Tribhowandas, the foremost
and the most zealous man of
our caste, has been trying his
utmost to be serviceable to
us, his castemen." Further
on it says, " He daily went
rounds of house-to-house
visitation. He had the chief
share in securing a separate
ward and special accommo-
dation for our caste-people in the Hindu hospital. His vigilance and super-
vision over every camp to set right every defect and correct every deficiency,
and his zeal to accommodate every suffering patient in accordance with the
patient's wishes was unbounded." He identified himself with the Hindu
Fever Hospital, and his liberal donations greatly contributed to the success
of that institution. He pays every year a sum of about Rs. 800 towards
Tltc Loiulon Stereoscopic Co,
TRIBHOWANDAS M. XATHOOBHOY, IvSQ.
213
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
the ground- rent of the Adams-Wyllie Hospital in Bombay, of which institution
he is a trustee.
As showing his fervent loyalty to the Crown we may fittingly quote
a speech delivered by Mr. Tribhowandas on the occasion of a public meeting
held at Javer Baug to offer thanks for the fall of Pretoria. " Well," he said,
" may England — the little sea-girt isle — rule wide, wide over the world, so
long as she produces men like Roberts, and Baden-Powell, and the gallant
defender of Ladysmith, who have once more proved to us what incentive to
high deeds lives ever in the folds of that hallowed symbol of a nation's honour.
It is men like these to whom in a great measure we owe the liberties we enjoy.
No man can over-estimate the value of such an army as England is proud
to possess. No man can read the past history of England without being
astonished at the mighty deeds of her warriors."
In the brief space of this memoir it would be difficult to attempt
to set out the many works of charity and public usefulness carried out by
Mr. Tribhowandas Mangaldas Nathoobhoy during his career. Under the
terms of his father's will he gave to the University of Bombay a handsome
donation of four lakhs of rupees, for the grant of scholarships to Hindu students
proceeding to Europe. For twenty years he served as a member of the
Bombay Municipal Corporation. He is a patron of the Teachers' Association,
the Sanitary Association, and the Hindu Gymkhana of Bombay, the
Bombay branch of the Bharata Dharma Maha Mandul, the Hindu Mahajan
Committee, the Kapol Students' Union, and several Hindu public charitable
institutions, and was President for 25 years of the Kapol Bania Caste. He
is keenly interested in the question of moral education.
He came to England as the official representative of the Hindu com-
munity of Bombay City, and by his courteous and unassuming manner he
has endeared himself to the many friends he made in England, as much as
he is beloved and respected by his compatriots. Mr. Tribhowandas, who
during his stay here resided at the Hotel Cecil, and latterly at Mottingham,
Kent, is, amongst his other positions, a member of the Provincial Advisory
Committee for Students in Bombay. He is fifty-five years of age, and has
been twice married. He has two sons and three daughters. At his first
214
BRITISH INDIA
marriage, in 1875, His Majesty the late King Edward VII., then Prince of
Wales, graced the occasion with his presence. This was a high and unique
honour, as Mr. Nathoobhoy's was the only private residence in Bombay
to which His Royal Highness paid a visit. His Royal Highness the Duke
of Connaught did Mr. Nathoobhoy the honour of attending the marriage of
his daughter Krishnabai.
HpHE HONOURABLE SIR
SOLOMON CHRISTO-
FFEL OBEYESEKERE, J.F., is
the son of D. B. F. Obeyesekere
of Atedahewatte, Galle, late
Mudaliyar of Talpe Pattoo, by
Susanna Cornelia, daughter of
Don Solomon Dias Bandaran-
aike, of Colombo, late Mudali-
yar of the Gangebodde and
Udugaha Pattoos of Cena
Corle, and of the Governor's
Gate. Born in Colombo
on the I2th February, 1848,
he married in 1878 Ezline
Maria, daughter of the late
Hon. James Alwis, M.L.C.,
and Florence Dias Bandaran-
aike. He received his educa-
tion at the Colombo Academy,
which is now the Royal
College, and at St. Thomas'
College, Colombo, where he gained a first-class diploma, passed as a
proctor and ranked first in order of merit. He afterwards matriculated
at the Calcutta University and was called to the Bar, but has long
ceased to practise. He is a life member of the United Empire League; a
TUB HON. SIR SOLOMON C. OBEYESEKERE.
215
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
member of the Royal Colonial Institute ; a member of the Carona Club, and
Justice of the Peace for Ceylon; and was created a Knight Bachelor 1911. Since
1900 he has represented the low-country Sinhalese in the Legislative Council
of Ceylon. He is also a member of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic
Society, an incorporated Trustee of the Church of England in Ceylon, a member
of the Anglican Synod in
the Diocese of Colombo,
Vice-President of the Ceylon
Agricultural Society, Presi-
dent of the Sinhalese Sports
Club since its inception in
1899, and was one of the
representatives of Ceylon at
the Coronation of King
George at Westminster
Abbey. He is a recipient of
Queen Victoria's Jubilee
Medal (Gold) of 1897; King
Edward VII. 's Coronation
Medal (Gold) of 1902, and
of the Coronation Medal of
King George and Queen Mary.
L,ady Obeyesekere had the
honour of being received by
Queen Mary at Buckingham
Palace on the ist June, 1911,
and shortly afterwards by
Queen Alexandra at Marlborough House, when her Ladyship received from
Her Majesty, as a memento of this event, a double "A" monogram brilliant
and ruby brooch.
Sir Solomon's town residence is Hill Castle, Colombo, and his numer-
ous country seats are Venivelle, Ambepussa ; Kamburagalle, Veyangoda ;
Muhuliawe, Dambadeniya ; The Hermitage, Kandy ; L,ongden House,
LADY OBEYESEKERE.
2lO
BRITISH INDIA
Nuwara Eliya ; Hill Crest, Eandarawela ; and Wilson's Bungalow,
Palugama, in the district of Uva ; and he is an owner of large coconut
plantations and several plumbago mines in the island.
'"TUDOR DEDRICK NATHANIEL D'ABREU WIJEGUNARATNE RAJE-
PAKSE, ESQ., is a typical Sinhalese chieftain. Members of Mr. Rajepakse's
family were promi-
nent chiefs and great
land-owners during
the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries,
and were highly es-
teemed by the Dutch
rulers of the Island
for their loyalty,
courage, and powerful
aid in fostering com-
merce. The traditions
of fidelity and loyal
service to the State
were continued by
Mr. Rajepakse's im-
mediate ancestors
after the British
occupation of Ceylon,
and were well main-
tained by the father
of Mr. Rajepakse, the
late Sampson d'Abreu
Wijegunaratne Raje-
pakse. As a philan-
thropist, his career
was notable, and he TUDOR DEDRICK RAJEPAKSE, ESQ.
2I7
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
is still remembered in Ceylon for his numerous benefactions in aid of
charities, in the establishment of schools, and the foundation of
scholarships.
The subject of this memoir, Mr. Tudor Rajepakse, was born in 1868 at
Welitara, Ceylon, and was educated at St. Thomas' College, Colombo. He
married in 1898 Frances Lily, second daughter of J. D. S. Rajepakse, Muda-
liyar of Negombo. In 1890 he was raised to the high rank of a Mudaliyar
of the Gate by the Governor, the Right Hon. Sir Arthur Gordon, G.C.M.G.
(Lord Stanmore). He takes a keen interest in art, and has done much to
further its study as well as the general spread of education amongst his
countrymen. He is an Associate of the Royal Colonial Institute, a member
of the Royal Asiatic Society of Ceylon, and sits on the Committee of the
Colombo Museum. He visited England and the Continent in 1891 and 1908.
Mr. Rajepakse was one of the four delegates nominated by the Governor of
Ceylon, Sir Henry McCallum, G.C.M.G., to represent the general Sinhalese
community at the Coronation of H.M. King George V. He and Mrs. Raje-
pakse were received by Their Majesties at Buckingham Palace with the
representatives of other Crown Colonies at a special audience, and were
present in Westminster Abbey on the occasion of the Coronation.
Residences : Gatherum, Colombo, Ceylon, and Maha Kappina Walauwa,
Welitara, Ceylon.
COLONEL HENRY ERNEST STANTON, C.B., D.S.O., son of the Rev. Canon
\^i
William Henry Stanton, Rector of Haselton, Gloucestershire, was born in
1861, and educated at Maryborough College and at the Royal Military Academy,
Woolwich. He entered the Royal Artillery in 1881, and became Captain in
1890, Brevet-Major 1898, Major 1899, Brevet-Lieut. -Colonel 1904, Brevet-
Colonel 1906, and Lieutenant-Colonel in 1909. He served in the Burmah
campaigns of 1885-7 and 1887-9 (despatches, D.S.O.), with the Chitral
Relief Force, 1895, as Brigade-Major (despatches), with the Malakand
Field Force in 1897 as D.A. Q.M. G. for Intelligence (despatches), with
the Buner Field Force in 1898 (despatches, Brevet-Major), and with the
218
BRITISH INDIA
Somaliland Field Force 1903-4 as Chief Staff Officer (despatches, Brevet-
Ivieut . -Colonel) . In
Intelligence Branch
Assistant Military Secretary,
Bombay, in 1898 ; an A.A.G.
India, 1902; an A. B.C. to His
Majesty in 1906; a General
Staff Officer 2nd grade of the
Territorial Force in 1908; a
General Staff Officer ist Grade
India, 1911; and Deputy
Quarter-Master-General at
Indian Army Headquarters in
1912.
In 1899 he married Olive
Talbot, daughter of General Sir
Robert Cunliffe Low, G.C.B.
Created D.S.O. in 1887, and
C.B. (mil.), 1911. He is a
member of the Naval and Mili-
tary Club, London.
1897 he was appointed
in India ;
Staff Captain of the
Elliott f- l'iy.
COLONEL H. li. STAXTOX, C.B., D.S.O.
gIR DORABJI J. TATA was born in Bombay on the 2;th August, 1859.
He is the eldest son of the late Jamsetji N. Tata, Hsq., of Bombay,
who on his death at Nauheim, in Germany, in May, 1904, was universally
acknowledged to be one of the greatest men in India under British rule.
He established cotton spinning, weaving and finishing mills, which are amongst
the most successful in India, and admitted to be models of good management.
His various schemes for the industrial development of India and for the
higher education of Indians have made his name an honoured one all over
India. Unfortunately he died before three of his best schemes for the advance-
ment and welfare of India could be put into execution, but they were so far
219
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
advanced that his heirs and successors were able to bring all of them to a
successful issue and establish them on an even larger scale than he had
originally contemplated. These bid fair to revolutionise Indian conditions,
and were, first, the great Institute of Science for Research in all matters
likely to be beneficial to India, which has been founded at Bangalore ; second,
the starting of the large Tata Iron and Steel Works near Calcutta, which
have been rightly described as the " Indian Pittsburg " ; and, thirdly, the
Tata Hydro-Electric Power
Works, near Bombay, which
were commenced in the Coron-
ation year. Appropriately
enough, the first blast furnace
heat of the Tata Iron Works
was run off on the day His
Imperial Majesty first sighted
India's shores during his
Durbar visit, in the course of
which Lord Crewe, the Secre-
tary of State for India, visited
the works. Succeeding his
father as head of the firm, it
fell to the lot of Sir Dorabji
to play a large part in the
successful launching of these
schemes, with which he had
been associated from their
inception, and it was solely owing to the appreciation of his labours in
this direction that Lord Minto's Government rewarded his services to India
by a Knighthood in 1910.
Sir Dorabji, who is also a graduate of the Bombay University, received
his early education at Caius College, Cambridge, where he found an opportunity
of indulging in various forms of British sport, of which he is very fond. He
represented his College in the cricket and football field, as well as on the
Elliott f- Frr.
SIR HORAKJI J. TATA.
220
BRITISH INDIA
river and the running path, and in spite of the cares of increasing business
still keeps up his riding and lawn tennis. Some twenty years ago he
performed a notable feat of endurance by riding on horseback from Bombay
to Poona, a distance of 120 miles, in eleven hours, changing ponies every
ten miles.
In 1898 he married Mehrbai, daughter of H. J. Bhabha, Esq., the
head of the Educational Department of the Mysore State. Lady Tata
shares her husband's enthusiasm for sport, and is fond of riding and
tennis, and is very popular in
society in Bombay, where she
entertains largely, and in
London, which she visits fre-
quently with her husband,
with whom she has travelled
a good deal.
Sir Dorabji and Lady Tata
were honoured with invitations
to all State functions at the
Coronation, and were also the
guests of the Government of
Bombay at Delhi on the
occasion of the Imperial Royal
Durbar in December, 1911,
when Sir Dorabji was selected
by the Government to do
homage to the King-Emperor
as a provincial representative,
while Lady Tata had the honour of being one of the ladies who made a
presentation of jewels to Her Highness The Queen-Empress on behalf of
the ladies of India.
Sir Dorabji is a member of the M.C.C., the Queen's Club, the Phyllis
Court Club, and the Western India Turf Club in Bombay, besides several
social clubs in this countrv and India. He is also a Vice-President of the
LADY TATA.
221
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Parsee Gymkhana, which he was largely instrumental in founding along
with one or two other social clubs.
Residences : Esplanade House, Bombay ; Gladhurst, Poona ; and
Harewood House, Hanover Square, London.
'"THE RIGHT REV. ARTHUR ACHESOX- WILLIAMS, Bishop of TINNEVELLY
AND MADURA, was born in 1846, his father being the Rev. W.
R. Williams, of St. Mary's, Newry, and Chaplain to the Forces. He was
educated at Newry Collegiate
School, Derby Grammar
School, and at Trinity Coll-
ege, Dublin, taking B.A.
(Resp.) and the Divinity
Testimonium in 1870, pro-
ceeding M.A. in 1875 and
B.I), and D.D. (Jure Dig.)
in 1904. He is a member
of the Senate of his College.
Made deacon in 1870 and
ordained priest in 1871, he
served in turn in curacies at
Bromley, in Kent, and at St.
John's, Penge, and going
out to India as Chaplain on
the Madras Ecclesiastical
Establishment, he did duty
in that capacity at St.
George's, Madura, and in
1881-3 was engaged at
vSt. George's Cathedral,
Madras, and also held the Chaplaincy of the Military Female Orphan
Asylum. Awarded distinction for high proficiency in Tamil in 1884, he
THIC RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF TINNEVELLY.
222
BRITISH INDIA
served in turn at Bellary ; Vellore ; Trichinopoly ; St. Mark's, Bangalore ;
and at Ootacamund, being Chaplain to the Nilgiri Volunteer Rifles from
1892 to 1894. Following on work at Vellore and Bolarum, he returned
to the Cathedral, and in 1900 was appointed Archdeacon of Madras and
Bishop's Commissary. He edited the Madras Diocesan Record from
1896 to 1900, and from 1898 to 1904 was Chaplain to the Madras
Volunteer Guards.
On the 2nd February, 1905, Dr. Acheson- Williams was consecrated Bishop
of Tinnevelly and Madura, a see established in 1896. The ceremony took place
in Madras Cathedral, the consecrating prelates being the Bishop of Calcutta,
Metropolitan of India, and the Bishops of Madras, Bombay, and Nagpur.
The districts of Tinnevelly and Madura are each about the size of Yorkshire,
and have an area of some 5,000 square miles. The population is about 5^
millions, with a flourishing Christian community of some 100,000, with over a
hundred clergy. The Bishop, who is a Fellow of the University of Madras,
resides at Bishopstowe, Palamcottah, Tinnevelly.
/CAPTAIN THE HONOURABLE MALIK UMAR HAY AT KHAN, TIWANA,
\^i
C.I.E., M.V.O., comes of a distinguished family which has served the
Government since the commencement of British rule in India, its chiefs bearing
a gallant part in the Multan campaign of 1848, and also in the terrible days of
the Mutiny in 1857, an(i winning lands, distinctions, decorations, and honour-
able pensions. Malik Umar Hayat Khan was born about 1875. His father
died when he was not four years old, and the family estate, a rich and fertile
one, was brought under the control of the Court of Wards. The young
heir was in due time provided with a tutor of Edinburgh University, and
brought up according to English ways of living. He had a distinguished career
at the Chief's College, excelling in athletics as well as in more sober studies,
with the very best results when, his estates released from the Court of Wards,
he formally entered upon their control and management. By wise rule and
high personal influence he practically put an end to crime in his Ilaka, and
was always ready to assist the Government in the preservation of law and
223
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
order. To serious cases he gave direct personal attention, and was the only
man in his district told off for duty at the time of the Rawalpindi and other
riots in the Punjab. In every position, as a magistrate and in all official rela-
tions, he pursued an enlightened policy, founding at no small cost a free
school, a charitable dis-
pensary, and a veterinary
hospital, and continually
sought the welfare of his
people without distinction
of caste or creed. A splen-
did sportsman, he revived
the old manly games of his
people, and the Tiwana
tent-pegging and polo
teams were famous
throughout the Punjab,
while he has for a long
time maintained the best
and largest stud of horses
as a private owner in the
district. Two Lieutenant-
Governors and various high
officials have borne testi-
mony to his services in this
connection, especially in
the matter of remounts,
and his patriotic example
in this respect was the
means of encouraging other owners in the district to do likewise. It may be
mentioned here that his father raised a Tiwana Horse which served through
the Mutiny, great part of which was taken over by Lord Napier of Magdala
as his bodyguard, and which now bears the name of the i8th Tiwana Lancers.
Malik Utnar Hayat Khan has received two certificates from the Supreme
CAPTAIN THK HON. MALIK U1IAR HAYAT KHAN.
224
BRITISH INDIA
Government, one for successful horse-breeding, and the other for improve-
ments in agriculture and for the assistance he has rendered the district authori-
ties. He was appointed a member of the Punjab Council, and was indeed
the youngest member ever appointed to that body. He is a leading official
of most of the Mahomedan organisations and was chosen to represent
his co-religionists of the Punjab on many important occasions. In every way
he possesses their confidence, and the system of marriage registration he
introduced among them was the means of ending many abuses and has since
been adopted in other districts.
Malik Umar Hayat Khan was also appointed to the Imperial Council,
in spite of the fact that he was one of the youngest non-official members.
He would probably have attended the Coronation of the late King Edward,
but that at the same time his application for service in connection with the
South African war was under consideration. At the outbreak of that
trouble he had offered the Government his horses, a generous and loyal act of
devotion which was highly appreciated, although it could not be accepted, but,
nothing daunted, he renewed his application, and had not peace been declared
he would most likely have gone out with the native contingent under Colonel
Gordon. For his services in connection with the Tiwana Lancers he was in
1901 made lieutenant, and subsequently saw service with the 54th Camel
Corps in Somaliland, where his capacity for hard work and his power of en-
durance under most exacting circumstances brought him into prominence.
He was present at the battle of Gidbali and other engagements, and his
services during the trying marches led to his being retained as an officer in the
British Mounted Infantry. Returning from Somaliland he was sent to Tibet
and did splendid work in connection with the transport service, and on his
return was taken with the headquarters staff to Calcutta and presented to
Lord Kitchener. The Order of the Indian Empire was the reward of his
services in the Army.
His loyal work as a sturdy supporter of the Government was recognised
by his selection as a representative of the Punjab at the Coronation of King
George, and he went to England with the Indian Coronation contingent,
in which he was the senior Indian officer with British rank. He was gazetted
225
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
captain the ijih July, 1911, as a Coronation honour, and specially commended
by the Officer commanding the contingent for his good work in connection with
it at Hampton Court. On his return he was selected for the unique dignity,
unprecedented in the history of India, of Deputy-Herald at the Delhi Durbar,
where he was decorated with the Royal Victorian Order by the King's own
hands, and also given a baton by the Imperial Government. He was pre-
sented to His Majesty at Calcutta, and while His Majesty only shook hands
with the members of the Viceroy's Council, an exceptional honour was done
Captain Malik Umar Hayat Khan by His Majesty's appreciative words, " I
know him well."
T IEUTENANT-COLONKL T. Y. WRIGHT, who was the Officer in Command
of the Ceylon Coronation Contingent at Their Majesties' Coronation,
was born on the 27th January, 1869, at Tyldesley, Lancashire, and in
1880 he entered the Edinburgh
Academy, afterwards complet-
ing his education at a private
school at Stratford-on-Avon.
In the end of 1888 he left
England to take up planting
in Ceylon, and shortly after
his arrival there, on the forma-
tion of the Ceylon Mounted
Infantry, he joined that corps
as a trooper, and in 1900
served with his company in
the South African war, but,
being invalided, he returned to
Ceylon, joined the Ceylon
Planters' Rifle Corps, and again
went to South Africa with the
"* """""'iJKm-f-coLONEL T. y. WRIGHT. Second Ceylon Contingent. On
226
BRITISH INDIA
his return to Ceylon after the termination of the war, he was gazetted Lieu-
tenant-Colonel in command of the corps, which command he has held since
1905.
He resides at Galphele Estate, Wattegama, and is a member of the
Hill Club, Newera Eliya, the Kandy Club, the Colombo Club, the Princes'
Club, in Ceylon, as well as of the Badminton and the New Clubs in
London.
227
THE FAR EAST
III
THE STRAITS SETTLEMENTS
THE FEDERATED MALAY STATES
AND HONG KONG.
(CAPTAIN J. H. W. ARMSTRONG, of the Hong Kong Volunteers, has found
rapid and meritorious promotion in that corps. Joining the force as
a gunner on the 25th January, 1893, he became Corporal in July, 1895, and
Sergeant in January, 1897 ;
was gazetted lieutenant in
May, 1899, and obtained his
Captaincy in October, 1903,
the rank which he at present
holds. He is now senior
Captain in the corps.
Captain Armstrong has had
the distinguished duty of acting
as Honorary Aide-de-Camp to
three successive Governors of
Hong Kong ; firstly to H.E.
Sir Matthew Nathan, during
1904-1907, then to Sir Henry
May, the officer administering
the Government in 1907, and
thereafter to H.E. Sir Frederick
L,ugard until November, 1909.
He attended not only the Coronation of King George, but was present
at that of King Edward VII., as one of the contingent representing the
Hong Kong Volunteer Corps.
thiuii Sftrcoscofric Co.
CAPTAIN J. H. W. ARMSTRONG.
22CJ
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Captain Armstrong is of Scotch descent, but was born in Hong
Kong on the 8th October, 1876. He is a member of the well-known
Eastern firm of Messrs. Butterfield & Swire, and is a Justice of the
Peace for the Colony.
LIEUTENANT FRANK YOUNGER BLAIR, of the Singapore Volunteer
Artillery, was a private in the Blairlodge School Cadet Corps (Glasgow
Highlanders) from 1893 till 1896. On joining the service of the well-known
firm of Messrs. Boustead & Co., in the Straits Settlements, he became attached
to the Singapore
Volunteer Rifles on
the 28th February,
1900, and was pro-
moted to the rank
of Lance - Corporal
in 1902, but this
corps was dis-
banded in 1903.
After serving for a
time during home
leave as a trooper
in the Fife and
Forfar Imperial
Yeomanry in 1906,
Lieutenant Blair
joined the Singa-
pore Volunteer
Artillery in March,
1908, being promoted to Bombardier in March, 1909, Sergeant in April,
1910, Second Lieutenant in March, 1911, and Lieutenant in March, 1912,
and accompanied the contingent at Their Majesties' Coronation as one of
the representatives of the Colony.
LIEUTENANT F. V. BLAIR.
230
THE FAR EAST
T IEUTENANT-COLOXEL ARTHUR CHAPMAN, V.D., J.P., Commandant of
the Hong Kong Volunteer Corps, has done much service in connection
with the Volunteer movement in that Colony.
He was born in York on the ist December, 1861. In 1877 he
became a member of the ist East Riding of Yorkshire Royal Garrison
Artillery Volunteers, and remained in this Corps till 1889, in which
year he was appointed Assessor of Rates to the Government of Hong
Kong. He joined the Hong
Kong Volunteer Corps in
March, 1893; became Lieut-
enant in the same year;
was promoted to Captain in
1897 ; Major Second in Com-
mand in 1899; and Lieutenant -
Colonel Commandant in 1907.
He was in command of the
Volunteer Force during the
disturbances of 1899, follow-
ing the annexation of the New
Territories in the Kwang-Tung
Province.
For services rendered dur-
ing the Plague epidemic of
1894 he received a letter of
thanks and a Medal from the
community of Hong Kong.
He holds the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long-Service Medal, and Officers'
Decoration (V.D.). In 1894 he was made a Justice of the Peace for
the Colony.
Colonel Chapman was in command of the Hong Kong and China
contingent at the Coronation of His Majesty King Edward VII., in 1902,
and also of the contingent of the Hong Kong Volunteer Corps at the
Coronation of King George V.
UUUTKXAXT-COLOXnL A. CHAPMAN, V.D., J.P.
231
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
K MOHAMMAD HASSAN, Chamberlain to His Highness the »Sultan of
Kedah, was born on the I3th July, 1864, and is the eldest son of Che
Mohammad Arshad, Private Secretary to His Highness Sultan Ahmed
Tajudin Mukaramsha, father of
the present Sultan. In 1873
he commenced his education
with, and was a schoolmate
of, His Highness the Sultan of
Kedah throughout the latter 's
scholastic career, and after
several years of instruction
he completed his educational
course, qualifying in Malay,
and is now an accomplished
writer. In 1881 he was
appointed attendant to His
Highness the Sultan of Kedah,
and was also appointed
Chamberlain and was companion
to His Highness in the sub-
sequent travels of the latter
in 1884. In 1900 he became
Chieftain of eleven mukims
(divisions of a district), and
in 1910 was made Guardian
of the Istanas and the Keeper
of the Regalia, and he still
holds the appointment which
was conferred on him then. He married in 1883, and has one son, Che
Mohammad Murad, born in 1884, who now occupies the position of
Private Secretary to the present Sultan.
Che Mohammad Hassan came to England with, and was attendant in,
the suite of His Highness the Sultan of Kedah during the festivities of the
CHK MOHAMMAD HASSAN.
2J2
THE FAR EAST
Coronation, and witnessed with them the ceremony of the crowning of
King George and Queen Mary at Westminster Abbey.
He resides at Alor Star, Kedah.
CAPTAIN GEORGE 1».
LAMMERT has been asso-
ciated with the Hong Kong
Volunteer Artillery since the
year 1884, when he first
joined the corps. He gave up
active service for a period in
1889, during which time he
was an Honorary Member, but
rejoined in 1894, and has been
in the corps ever since that
year. He received his Com-
mission on the nth July, 1901,
and was promoted to his
present rank on the I7th July,
1905. He holds the Long-
Service Medal, which he re-
ceived in April, 1911, and was
one of the many popular members of the contingent which represented the
Colony of Hong Kong at the Coronation of King George.
CAPTAIN G. P. LAMMERT.
CAPTAIN H. ROLAND LLEWELLYN' was born on the soth July, 1873, and is
the son of the late William Llewellyn, Esq., of Bromsgrove, Worcester-
shire. He was educated at Bromsgrove School.
He served with the Queen's Own Worcestershire Hussars in the South
African war from 1899 to 1901 in the Imperial Yeomanry (which Brigade
was under fire some ninety-five times), under Major-General Lord Chesham,
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
with Lord Methuen's Column,
and holds the Queen's Medal
with four Clasps, which he re-
ceived from King Edward VII.
on the Horse Guards Parade.
In 1904 Captain Llewellyn
went to Singapore, where he is
a chartered accountant and
a partner in the firm of
Messrs. Derrick & Co.
Captain Llewellyn command-
ed the Singapore Coronation
contingent at Their Majesties'
Coronation, and received the
Coronation Medal from King
George at Buckingham Palace.
LIEUTENANT H. MILLARD.
CAPTAIN H. R. LLEWELLYN.
J^IEUTENANT HAROLD
MILLARD, youngest
son of the late Reverend
Frederick Millard, British
Chaplain at Havre, France,
was born on the 23rd May,
1874, in Slough, Bucking-
hamshire. He was educated
and articled in Liverpool,
qualified as a solicitor in
1899, and in May, 1903,
left England to join the
234
THE FAR EAST
legal firm of Messrs. Donaldson and Burkinshaw, of Singapore. He is
now a member of the Bar of the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements
and of the Federated Malay States, and Notary Public. During his
residence in Singapore he has held the offices of Honorary Secretary of
the Singapore Bar Committee, the Straits Settlements Association, and
the King Edward VII. Memorial Fund.
Lieutenant Millard joined the ist Volunteer Battalion of the Cheshire
Regiment, as a private, in August, 1894, and was promoted to sergeant in
1895. He was gazetted 2nd Lieutenant of the Singapore Volunteer Infantry,
the 20th April, 1905, and was appointed
Lieutenant in July, 1906. In 1907 he
successfully passed his examination at
the School of Instruction, Chelsea
Barracks, being awarded the special
certificate. He attended the Coronation
in 1911 as one of the representatives of
the Straits Settlements.
A PTAIX MOWBRAY STAFFORD
XORTHCOTE, of the Hong Kong
Volunteers, was bom on the 22nd October,
1860, and joined the 13th Middlesex
Rifles at the age of twenty-one. He
carried his love of volunteering with him
to the Far East, and in 1897 became
a member of the Hong Kong Volunteer
Corps. He was gazetted Lieutenant
in 1902 and Captain in 1910, and in
the following year accompanied
his contingent as one of the Colonial
representatives at the Coronation
ceremonies.
CAPTAIN M. S. NORTHCOTE.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
D A.TAH ABDUL RASHID is the fifth son of His Highness the Sultan of Perak
(being the second son of the Rajah Permaisuri, who accompanied His
Highness the Sultan to England). He was born in 1889 in Bukit Chandan,
and educated at the Central School,
Taiping, and at the Malay Residential
School, Kuala Kangsar. In 1908 he
was attached to the Secretariat,
Kuala Lumpur, as a Malay cadet,
and eight months later was trans-
ferred to Jelebu in Negri Sembilan,
and then to Matang, where he
became Assistant Collector of Land
Revenue. In 1910 he was appointed
Aide-de-Camp to his father, the
Sultan, whom he accompanied to
England to attend the Coronation of
His Majesty King George V. In
1908 he married his cousin, Rajah
Zubidah, eldest daughter of H.H.
Rajah Ahmad, the younger brother of His Highness the .Sultan of
Perak. He is fond of sport, plays a good game of football and tennis,
and is also a good rider. He is a member of the Turf and other clubs
in Perak.
RAJ All ABDUL RASHID.
ID AJAH HARUN-AL-RASHID, born in 1883, is the fourth son of His
Highness the Sultan of Perak (being the eldest son of the Rajah
Permaisuri, who accompanied His Highness the Sultan to England).
He was educated at the Central English School at Taiping, and also
privately, and is well versed in Mahomedan literature. He was
appointed Aide-de-Camp to his father in 1907, and Malay Secretary in
1910, and accompanied him to England in 1911, on the occasion of the
236
THE FAR EAST
Coronation of His Majesty King George. He is a member of
and other Clubs in Perak, and Vice-President of the " Kastan
Club, Kuala Kangsar. He is a keen
motorist, a good rider and football
player, and was Captain of the
"Kastan Zorian" Club Football
Team. He has been instrumental,
through his advice, in inducing Malay
agriculturists to plant rubber, and
is himself the owner of several blocks
of rubber land.
the Turf
Zorian "
RAJAH HARUN-AL-RASHID.
TIEUTENANT WILLIAM RUSSELL,
of the Hong Kong Volunteer
Corps, was born in Wigtownshire,
vScotland, and is the son of the late
James Russell, Esq., of Clauchrie.
His first service was with the
Renfrewshire and Dumbartonshire
Artillery, with which he did duty
for a period of four years. Going
out to China in the earlier stages
of the Boxer rising he joined the
Naval Brigade raised in Shanghai by a few enthusiastic volunteers, and held
the rank of Chief Petty Officer in the company until it was merged into the
LIEUTENANT W. RUSSELL.
237
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Shanghai Volunteers. For meritorious service at this trying time he was
awarded the China Medal, and in addition a Transport Medal for carrying
troops to North China. In 1904 he was appointed Assistant Government
Marine Surveyor in Hong Kong, and was given a Commission as Second,
lieutenant in the Engineer Company of the Hong Kong Volunteer Corps. He
was gazetted lieutenant in the following year, and was one of the officers
selected to represent Hong Kong at the Coronation of His Majesty King
George V. His Volunteer service aggregates ten years, and at the present
time he has the honour to command the Engineer Company in Hong Kong.
HPHE RIGHT REV. CHARLES
JAMES FERGUSON-DAVIE,
Bishop of Singapore, was born
on the i6th March, 1872, in
Yelverton, in Norfolk, where his
father was Rector. He was
educated at Marlborough, and at
Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and went
to the Leeds Clergy School. He
was ordained Deacon in 1896
and Priest in 1898, was Curate at
St. Paul's, Preston, for three
years, and then went to India
as Domestic Chaplain to the
Bishop of L,ahore. In 1902 he
married a daughter of Prof. E.
Hull, lyly.D., and worked from
that time till 1909 as a Mission-
ary under the S.P.G., first at
Rewari and then at Rawal
Pindi, both in the Lahore
Diocese. On St. Bartholomew's
Elliott &• Fry.
THE RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF SINGAPORE.
238
THE FAR EAST
Day, 1909, he was consecrated in St. Paul's Cathedral, by the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, to the Diocese of Singapore, which includes the
Malay Peninsula and the British communities in Siam, Java, and Sumatra.
The Bishop is well known as a rifle shot and won the King's Silver
Medal at Bisley in 1904.
HPHE HONOURABLE TAN JIAK KIM, C.M.G., of Singapore, was born in that
town on the 2gth April, 1859, of parents who were British subjects, born
in Malacca, and was educated at a private Chinese school and an English
school in Singapore. He is an unofficial member of the Legislative Council
of the Colony of the Straits Settle-
ments, and is a Justice of the Peace ;
a member of the Chinese Advisory
Board of Singapore ; a member
of the Committee of Tan Took
Seng's Hospital, and a member
of various School Boards. He
has also served several terms as
Municipal Commissioner, and has
sat on numerous Commissions of
Enquiry. In 1890 he was ap-
pointed an unofficial member of
the Legislative Council, but
resigned in November, 1893. He
was subsequently re-elected on
the loth April, 1903, to the
position, which he has occupied
The Louden Stereoscopic Co.
THE HON. TAN JIAK KIM, C.M.O.
the
ever since, and is now
recognized leader of the Chinese community in the Colony.
In 1911 Mr. Tan Jiak Kim came to England, accompanied by his wife,
to represent Singapore at the Coronation of King George and Queen Mary,
when they were presented to Their Majesties at Buckingham Palace, and he
239
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
has since been the recipient of the Order of C.M.G., in recognition of the
public services he has rendered to the Colony.
He is the head of the firm of Messrs. Kim Seng & Co., which was founded
by his late grandfather some sixty years ago. He resides at Panglima Prang,
River Valley Road, Singapore.
CAPTAIN GERALD GEORGE WOOD, of the Hong Kong Volunteer Corps,
was born the 8th April, 1881, in Brandon, Suffolk, and is the eldest
son of George Wood, Esq., of Bran-
don (J.P. for North- West Suffolk),
and Annie, the eldest daughter of
George Gates, Esq., of Sapiston
Grange, in the same county. He
was educated at Thetford and
Wellingborough Grammar Schools,
and afterwards trained as a civil
engineer under John Wilson, Esq.,
Chief Engineer of the Great
Eastern Railway. He commenced
military service in the 3rd
Volunteer Battalion of the Essex
Regiment as 2nd lieutenant in
1899, and after passing the
Chelsea School of Instruction,
was promoted to ist Lieutenant
in 1901. He was then attached
to the 2nd Battalion of the
Norfolk Regiment from 1901 to CAPTAIN G. o. WOOD.
1903, and soon after, on rejoining
his own regiment, was gazetted Captain n 1904. In the year follow-
ing he went to Hong Kong, where he became attached to the Hong
Kong Volunteer Corps, and in 1907 was transferred, as Captain, to the
240
THE FAR EAST
then newly-formed Infantry Company, which command he now holds. In
1909 he was appointed Honorary Aide-de-Camp to His Excellency the
Governor, Sir Frederick I^ugard, and attended the Coronation as one of the
contingent representing Hong Kong.
241
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
IV
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND.
JV/TAJOR THE HONOURABLE RICHARD ARMSTRONG CROUCH, son of
George Crouch Esq., was born in Ballarat, Victoria, on the igth June,
1869. He was educated at Mount Pleasant School and Melbourne University
(Bowen Prizeman, Chief Jus-
tice's lyaw Prize). He is a
life member of the Australian
Natives Association ; member
of the Royal Geographical
Society of Australia ; member
of the Executive Imperial
Federation L,eague of Australia ;
Chairman of the Melbourne
Co-operative Trust ; Chairman
of the National Provident L,ife
Assurance Company, and Pre-
sident of the Sefton Public
Hospital. He has sat as
Member for the constituency
of Corio in the Common-
wealth Parliament since 1901,
is Commanding Officer of the
56th Australian Infantry
(headquarters, Melbourne), and represented his regiment at the
Coronation of Their Majesties. He is also a writer and contributes
largely to various publications.
MAJOR THE HOX. K. A. CROUCH.
243
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
E RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR JOSEPH GEORGE WARD, BART., P.C.,
LL.D., K.C.M.G., PRIME MINISTER OF NEW ZEALAND, was born in
Victoria on the 26th April, 1856, at Emerald Hill, Melbourne. He was educated
privately in Melbourne, and at the State School at Campbelltown, N.Z.,
whither he removed with his parents. At the age of thirteen years he entered
the New Zealand Post and Telegraph Department, which he afterwards left
to join a merchant's office. At the age of twenty he joined the Railway
Department, but a year later relinquished the public service in order to enter
into business on his own account as an export merchant. He was for years
Captain of the Bluff Naval Company of Volunteers, and offered his own
and his company's services in the Maori war. He is a Colonel of the
New Zealand Territorials, and as Minister of Defence introduced and
carried through Parliament the law for the Establishment of Universal
Military Training.
His entry into public life was as one of the first Councillors of the borough
of Campbelltown in February, 1878, and in 1881 he was elected Mayor, which
office he held for five years. After acting as a member and Chairman of the
Bluff Harbour Board, as member of the Chamber of Commerce, and in other
public positions, he contested and won the Awarua seat in the House of
Representatives of the General Assembly in 1887. He has been continuously
returned for the same constituency, which he still represents in Parliament.
After sitting for three years as a private Member he accepted the
portfolios of Postmaster-General and Minister of Telegraphs in 1891, on the
return of the Liberal Party to power. He subsequently held the port-
folios of Minister of Finance, Minister of Marine, Colonial Secretary, Minister
of Industries and Commerce, Postmaster-General and Minister of Telegraphs,
and Minister of Public Health, in the late Mr. Seddon's Cabinet, and
on the decease of that gentleman in 1906 assumed the office of Prime
Minister, taking the portfolios of Finance, Lands, Defence and Post and
Telegraph. He has effected many reforms in the Departments which have
been under his control, principal among which is the Post and Telegraph
Department. By persistent advocacy he achieved universal penny postage
for New Zealand in 1901, and received special recognition as K.C.M.G.
244
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
He was the first to advocate an All- Red Cable Service, which would create
an electric girdle round the world, and was the first Minister of Public
Health in the world. On his initiative the Advances to Settlers and Workers
Office was established, by which over £15,000,000 has been advanced, and
the remarkably successful working of the office may be judged by the
fact that the total loss made since its inception is less than £250.
He has represented
New Zealand at many
Postal and other Confer-
ences. He was New
Zealand's delegate at the
Imperial Conference of
1907, and also at the
Imperial Defence Con-
ference in London in 1909,
at which he secured re-
cognition of New Zealand
as a " Dominion," as
distinct from a self-govern-
ing Colony. Sir Joseph has
received the freedom of
the cities of London,
Edinburgh, Bristol, Man-
chester and Glasgow, and
has had conferred on him
the degree of LL.D. of
Edinburgh LTniversity and
of Trinity College, Dublin,
D.C.L. Oxford, and LL.D.
of Glasgow, Cambridge and Birmingham.
1907.
In 1908, on behalf of the Government and people of the Dominion, he
made a gift to the Imperial Navy of a Dreadnought with a promise of a
THE RT. HOX. SIR JOSEPH WARD.
He was created P.C. in
245
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
second one if necessary, as an earnest of New Zealand's desire that Britain
should maintain at all costs her naval supremacy.
Sir Joseph was present as a guest of the British Government at the
Coronation of His Majesty King George in London in 1911, on which
occasion he was created a Baronet. At the Imperial Conference, at which
he again represented New Zealand, he took an active part in the proceedings,
and advocated the formation of an Imperial Parliament, in which the
overseas dominions would have a part in the councils of the Empire, a
proposal which, although not supported at the time, is regarded as the
forerunner of a movement that will eventually assume definite form and will
go far in strengthening the unity of the Empire.
246
SOUTH AFRICA
SOUTH AFRICA.
jyjAJOR H. L. BYAS, of Living-
stone, Northern Rhodesia,
was born in 1869, in the county
of Middlesex, England, and educated
at Cheltenham College. He joined
the British South Africa Com-
pany's Police in 1899, and in
1901 was transferred to the
Barotse Native Police, and ob-
tained his Commission the following
year. In 1904 he was gazetted
Captain and appointed Ordnance
Officer for North- Western Rhodesia,
which appointment he held until
1911. On the amalgamation of
North - Eastern and North - Western
Rhodesia in 1911, he was pro-
moted to the rank of Major in
the Northern Rhodesia Police.
At the Coronation of their
Majesties he had the honour,
as senior officer, to represent this
force.
MAJOR H. I,. BYAS.
247
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
CAPTAIN EDWIN GEORGE CARPMAEL was born on the 2oth December,
1872, in Beckenham, Kent. He was educated privately and at Christ's
College, Finchley, and married Laura, second daughter of William I^aith,
Esq., of West Dulwich, in Cape Town, on the 2yth October, 1904. In March,
1892, he joined the i3th Middlesex Rifle Volunteers (Queen's Westminsters)
as a private, was promoted to Corporal in 1894, and in 1895 he resigned. At
the end of the latter year he was gazetted 2nd Lieutenant of the 4th Volunteer
Battalion of the East Surrey
Regiment, becoming Lieutenant
in 1896, Captain in 1898,
gazetted Lieutenant of the
Reserve of Officers in 1900,
gazetted temporary Captain
in the Army, and sailed for
South Africa in command of
the 2nd Volunteer Service
Company, Royal Warwickshire
Regiment, in 1901. In 1902
he relinquished the command
of this company and was
gazetted Honorary Captain in
the Army and promoted to
Captain of the Reserve of
Officers. In January, 1905, he
resigned his Commission in the
4th Volunteer Battalion of
the East Surrey Regiment, and in 1909 was gazetted Captain in the
Transvaal Cycle and Motor Corps, of which he was appointed Major
in 1912.
Captain Carpmael commanded the Transvaal Detachment (6 officers,
118 N.C.O.'s and men) of the Union of South Africa contingent, which was
present at the Coronation of Their Majesties, and he holds the Queen's South
African Medal (5 Clasps) and the King's Coronation Medal.
The London Stereoscopic Co.
CAPTAIN H. G. CARPMAEL.
SOUTH AFRICA
A/TAJOR W. W. CHERRINGTOX, of
Johannesburg, has seen many
years' service in South Africa. Thirty-
three years ago he joined the Duke
of Bdinburgh's Own Volunteer Rifles,
and in 1901 was transferred to the
Western Province Mounted Rifles.
He was subsequently appointed Staff
Officer for Equipment on General
Brabant's Staff, and served on the
Colonial Defence Force. He was
then attached for some time to the
Rand Rifles, and on the disband-
ment of that corps he joined the
Transvaal Light Infantry until that
force was amalgamated with the
Witwatersrand Rifles, in which he now
holds the rank of Major.
MAJOR W. W. CHERIUNGTOX.
TIEUTENANT JAMES GEORGE BLILWER CLAYTON, son of the late
J. W. Clayton, Esq., was born in Kimberley on the jist March, 1878,
and was educated at the Educational Institute, Cape Town.
He entered the Cape Civil Service on 3ist March, 1896, and now
holds the appointment of Chief Clerk in the Forest Department of
the Union of South Africa at Pretoria. He is a Lieutenant in the
Cape Field Artillery, and served with the Cape Highlanders in the
Bechuanaland campaign of 1897, with the D.E.O.V. Rifles Mounted
Infantry, with Kitchener's Horse, and with the Cape Colonial
Forces during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899 to 1902, holding the
rank of Captain at the close of the war, and was subsequently
transferred to the Cape Field Artillery as Lieutenant.
Lieutenant Clayton holds the following Medals and Decorations for
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
distinguished service : — (i)
Bechuanaland, 1897 : Medal
and Clasp. (2) South Africa,
1899-1900 : the Queen's Medal
and six Clasps for (a) Relief
of Kimberley, (b) Paarde-
berg, (c) Driefontein, (d)
Johannesburg, (e) Diamond
Hill, (f) Wittebergen. (3)
South Africa, 1901-2 : the
King's Medal with two Clasps.
(4) The King's Coronation
Medal, 1911 ; and was men-
tioned in despatches by the
Commander-in-Chief (Botha-
ville, 1901).
He married in 1906, Eliza- LIEUT, j. o. BUUVER CLAYTON.
beth, daughter of S. Lange, Esq., late Member of the Legislative
Assembly for Kimberley.
LIEUTENANT J. G. FANNIN, Natal Carbineers, was born in Pietermaritz-
burg, Natal, in the year 1876, being the second son of the late Judge
John Eustace Fannin, of the Native High Court, Natal. His father was
among the earliest settlers in Natal, having come from Liverpool to the
Cape Colony as a boy in 1845, and to Natal in 1847. '^ne family
belonged originally to Dublin, his mother being the youngest daughter
of the late Dr. Samuel Gower.
He was educated at Hilton College, Natal, and on leaving school
became a wattle grower in Umvoti County, till, in 1904, he moved to the
Bergville Division, near the Drakensberg, where he has been farming ever
since. In 1908 he married Nelly, second daughter of the Hon. F. T.
Angus, M.I/.C., in the Natal Parliament.
250
SOUTH AFRICA
At the commencement of the Boer war, when General Botha's advance
threatened all Natal south of the Tugela River, he joined Murray's Horse, an
emergency corps formed by Mr. T. K. Murray (now Sir Thomas K. Murray),
which was stationed at Mooi River to patrol the country until the arrival
of the ist Army Corps, under General
Sir Redvers Buller, when this corps
was disbanded.
Later, in December, 1899, he joined
the Umvoti Mounted Rifles as trooper,
under Colonel (then Major) Leuchars,
and served with that regiment
throughout the Boer war. He holds
the Queen's Medal with Clasps for
Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady smith,
Lang's Nek, Transvaal, and Natal,
1901.
He received his Commission as
Lieutenant on the i8th May, 1904.
On moving to the Bergville Division
he transferred, in 1905, to the Natal
Carbineers. In 1906 he served with
this regiment throughout the Native
Rebellion in Natal and Zululand, and again in 1907 with the expedition of
Natal Militia through Zululand at the time of the arrest of the Zulu Chief
Dinizulu. He was chosen as one of the officers representing Natal in the
South African Coronation contingent.
LIEUTENANT J. G. FANNIN.
T IEUTENANT-GENERAL ALBERT FARRER GATLIFF, barrister of the
Middle Temple and Justice of the Peace for Cape Colony, was for a
considerable period special correspondent of The Times. He took an active
part in the Mendiland Expedition of 1898, and in the three following years
was on special service in the South African war; was Admiralty Volunteer
251
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Commander, 1904 to 1907 ; Commander Royal Marine Light Infantry from
1906 to 1910 ; and Lieut. -General Royal Marine Light Infantry, IQII.
By His Majesty's command he was attached to the suite of His Imperial
Highness Prince Noussouf Izzedine Effendi, Crown Prince, representing the
Sultan of Turkey, who came to England to attend the Coronation.
He is the son of the late Henry Gatliff, Esq., of Fairfield, and was
born in 1858 He married, in 1897, Rosamund, widow of Lieut. -Colonel
C. F. Dashwood, late of the Gordon Highlanders.
T 1EUTEXANT-COLONEL
RALEIGH GREY, C.M.G.,
C'.V.O., is the great-grandson
of the first Earl Grey. Born
on the 24th March, 1860, he
joined the Imiiskilling Dragoons
in 1881, was promoted to
Captain in 1885, served in
the Zulu war in 1888, and
was for some time in com-
mand of the Bechuanaland
Border Police. He served in
the Matabele war in 1893,
and accompanied Dr. Jameson
into the Transvaal in 1896.
He served in South Africa
from 1899 to 1902, during
which time he was promoted
to Major, mentioned in despatches twice, and was awarded the
Queen's Medal with four Clasps, and the King's Medal, for his services
in the campaign. He retired from active service in 1904, and now
commands the Rhodesian Volunteers.
Colonel Grey married in 1901 Mary Isobel, daughter of C. H. Cadogan,
Elliott & Fry.
LIEUT. -COLONEL RALRIGH GREY.
252
SOUTH AFRICA
Esq., of Brinkburn Priory, Northumberland, and widow of A. H. Browne,
Esq., Callaly Castle, in the same county. He was created C.M.G. in 1896,
and in ign was made C.V.O. His address is Lorbottle Hall, Whittingham,
Northumberland, and Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia.
T IEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR REGINALD CLARE HART, V.C., K.C.B.,
K.C.V.O., p.s.c., late Royal Engineers, was born on the nth June, 1848,
in Scarif, County Clare. He is the second son of the late Lieutenant-General
H. G. Hart, and grandson of the late Lieutenant-Colonel William Hart, of
Netherbury, Dorset, where the
family owned property for
several generations. Educated
at Marlborough and Cheltenham
Colleges, he passed into the
Royal Military Academy at
Woolwich, whence he was
gazetted Lieutenant in the
R.oyal Engineers on the I3th
January, 1869. Ordered to
India in 1872, he was ap-
pointed Assistant Garrison
Instructor, Bengal, on the i8th
September, 1874, which post
he held until the 23rd August,
1878.
During the Afghan war,
Lieutenant Hart served with
the Khyber Column from
January to June, 1879, nrst
with the 2nd Division, attached as a regimental officer to the 24th
Punjab Native Infantry during the second Bazar expedition against
the Zakka Khel Afridis, and afterwards with the ist Division. It
Maul/ f~ Fox.
UEUT.-GENERAL SIR CLARE HART.
253
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
was during this period of active service that the young officer won the
cross for valour for performing a gallant deed at the risk of his life. He
was on convoy duty with the 2nd Division of the Peshawur Field Force on
the 3ist January, 1879, when he took the initiative in running some 1,200
yards to the rescue of a wounded Sowar of the I3th Bengal L,aucers, in a river
bed exposed to the fire of the enemy of unknown strength, from both flanks,
and also from a party in the river bed. He reached the wounded Sowar,
drove off the enemy, and brought him under cover, assisted by some soldiers
who had accompanied him on the way. Lieutenant Hart was mentioned
in despatches, and rewarded with the Medal, in addition to the much-
coveted Victoria Cross, and later a Brevet-Majority.
In December, 1880, he passed the Final Staff College Examination,
and on the i6th February, 1881, was sent out to the West Coast of Africa on
special service in connection with the Ashanti Expedition, where he remained
until June, 1881. The month following he was promoted to Captain, his
brevet of Major being dated the i8th January, 1882. On the outbreak of the
Egyptian war in July, 1882, Major Hart was appointed A.D.C. to Major-
General Sir Gerald Graham, commanding the 2nd Brigade of the Expeditionary
Force, and he took part in the reconnaissance in force from Alexandria on
the 5th August, and in the engagements at El Magfar and Tel-el-Mahuta ; he
was also present at the two actions at Kassassin, and at the battle of Tel-el-
Kebir. Major Hart was twice mentioned in despatches, and his services
were rewarded with the Medal with Clasp, the Khedive's Bronze Star, the
fourth class of the Osmanieh, and the brevet of Lieutenant-Colonel .
Returning to India, he was appointed, on the 3ist October, 1885,
Garrison Instructor, Bengal, a post he held until the igth July, 1889.
He reached the substantive rank of Major in the Royal Engineers on the
23rd November, 1887, but more than a twelvemonth previous he had been
gazetted Colonel in the Army.
On the 2oth July, 1889, Colonel Hart was given the important post of
Director of Military Education in India, the duties of which office he performed
until the 25th February, 1896, when he was selected for the command of the
2nd Class District of Belgaum, with the rank of Brigadier-General. On the
254
SOUTH AFRICA
24th October, 1897, Brigadier-General Hart was given the command of the
First Brigade of the Tirah Expeditionary Force, in the campaign on the
North- West Frontier of India, under General Sir William L,ockhart. He took
part in the fighting in and the capture of the Sampagha and Arhanga Passes ;
in the operations in the Warah Valley on the gth December ; and those in the
Mastura Valley, including the passage of the Suppri Pass. He also shared
in the subsequent fighting in the Khyber Pass and the Bazar Valley. He was
again mentioned in despatches, and awarded the Medal with two Clasps and
the K.C.B.
Returning in April, 1898, to his brigade command, he was promoted
in the following year to the command of the First Class District of Quetta,
with the temporary rank of Major-General, which appointment he held until
the 1 2th November, 1902. During the tenure of this command he participated
in the operations on the North- West Frontier of India in 1901-2, and was
awarded the Clasp. He came home towards the end of 1902 to take up
the post of Major-General in Command of the Thames District at Chatham,
and Commandant School of Military Engineering. His promotion to Major-
General was dated the gih December, 1902, and he next served as Commander
of the Thames and Medway Coast Defences (Eastern Command) from the
ist June, 1905, to the 8th December, 1906.
On the 3oth November, 1907, Sir Reginald went out to South Africa
to command the Cape Colony District, and on promotion to Lieutenant-
General on the i8th November, 1908, he was graded G.O.C., Cape Colony
District. This post he held until the i6th March, 1909, after which date
he took a well-earned rest until his recent appointment to succeed
Field-Marshal Lord Methuen as General Officer Commanding in Chief
in South Africa.
I/ieutenant-General Hart possesses the Royal Humane Society's
Silver Medal with Silver Clasp for two gallant actions he performed
in 1869 and 1884. In July, 1869, while at Boulogne-sur-Mer, he jumped
from the pier into the harbour and saved the life of a man, although
he was himself severely injured in the head through striking some
sunken piles or rocks when leaping into the water. The second
255
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
award of the Royal Humane Society came to him for having, on the
1 5th December, 1884, rescued a gunner from drowning in the Ganges
Canal at Roorkee.
vSir Reginald Hart married, in 1872, Charlotte Augusta, daughter of
the late Mark Seton Synnot, Esq., J.P., D.I,., of Ballymoyer, Co. Armagh,
and has three sons and one daughter. All three sons have followed the
martial careers of their father and uncles. The eldest is Captain Harold
Charles Hart, Royal Warwickshire Regiment ; the second Captain Reginald
Seton Hart, Sherwood Foresters;
and the third Lieutenant Norman
Synnot Hart, the Buffs (East Kent
Regiment). Few families, indeed,
have supplied so many officers
for the military forces, Sir
Reginald's three nephews being
Major A. H. S. Hart-Synnot, D.S.O.,
East Surrey Regiment; Mr. R.
V. O. Hart-Synnot, D.S.O., late
Lieutenant, East Surrey Regi-
ment, who resigned his Commission
in 1904, and has since been private
secretary to Sir Horace Plunkett,
and Director of Agriculture and
Horticulture, Royal University College,
Reading; and Captain L. George Hart,
Indian Army.
Lieutenant-General Hart, who was created K.C.V.O. in 1904, is
the author of two important works, " Reflections on the Art of
War," and " Sanitation and Health," while he has also contributed
articles to various magazines.
For recreation he prefers big game shooting, fishing, tennis and rowing,
but all outdoor sports find in him a willing devotee. He is a member of the
United Service Club.
CAPTAIN A. T. HAYWOOD.
256
SOUTH AFRICA
CAPTAIN ARTHUR TOMKINSON HAYWOOD, of the South African Con-
stabulary, was born on the loth May, 1878, in Ashton, Lancashire.
He was educated privately and at Keefe's College, Manchester, and
joined the Orange River Colony Police in 1901. He was transferred
to the South African Constabulary in 1903, and served as Assistant
Staff Officer until the latter force was merged with the South African
Police.
Captain Haywood was in command of the Free State portion of the
South African Police contingent
which was present at Their
Majesties' Coronation.
T 1EUTEXANT A. HEY WOOD, of
the Witwatersrand Rifles, is
a gallant officer who, during a
comparatively short record, has
seen some hard service. Origin-
ally joining the 3rd Volunteer
Battalion of the King's (Liver-
pool) Regiment in 1897, he, on
the outbreak of the South African
war, lost no time in volunteering
for active service, and served with
the special Service Company
attached to the ist Battalion of
his Regiment from 1900 to
1901, and with the Rand Rifles to the termination of the war. He
was present at Lang's Nek and at Belfast, and earned the Queen's Medal
with three Clasps for the campaign.
After the conclusion of peace, Lieutenant Hey wood joined the Wit-
watersrand Rifles on their formation in 1903. He served with them in
Natal and Zululand during the native rebellion in 1906, attached to the
IJICrTLvXAXT A. HEYWOOD.
257
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Natal Rangers, for which services he also holds the Medal with Clasp. He
was one of the members of the Transvaal contingent at the Coronation of
Their Majesties at Westminster.
T^R. JOHN HEWAT. M.B., C.M.EmN., J.P., M.L.A., was born on the 26th
December, 1863, and is the son of Captain John Hewat, late Dock
Superintendent and Port Captain of Table Bay, South Africa. He is a retired
Captain of the Cape Garrison
Artillery, with the privilege
and honour bestowed upon him
to retain his rank, and wear
the uniform of his corps for
life, for his work in connection
with volunteering. He is a
Justice of the Peace for the
Cape District ; represents the
constituency of Woodstock in
the Union House of Assembly ;
is Chief Whip of the Opposi-
tion ; Government nominee on
the School Board, and Senior
Elected Member on the Cape
Province Medical Council.
He is Vice-Chairman of the
DR. JOHN HKWAT.
South African National Union ;
a Steward of the South African Turf Club ; President of the Cape Colony
Athletic and Cycling Union ; a L.ife Member of the Royal Colonial Institute ;
Chairman of the South African Branch of the Empire Parliamentary
Association, and was one of the official South African representatives at
the Coronation as a guest of the Lords and Commons. He holds the
Coronation and South African Union Medals.
Dr. Hewat is a member of the Civil Service and of the City Clubs,
Cape Town, and of the Sports Club, London.
258
SOUTH AFRICA
gEXATOR THE HONOURABLE SIR JAMES LIEGE HULETT, KT.. J.P.. was
born on the lyth May, 1838, and is the only son of James Liege Hulett,
Esq., of Gillingham, Kent. He emigrated to Natal, South Africa, in 1857, and
in 1862 he settled at Kearsney, Lower Tugela Division, Victoria County,
and devoted himself to planting operations. Tea succeeded a failure in coffee
planting, and the Kearsney Tea Estates, which in 1892 were formed into a
limited Company under the style
of Messrs. J. L- Hulett & vSons,
Ltd., were the outcome.
In 1902 this company was
enlarged from a semi-private
one to a public company,
for the purpose of extending
its operations to the growth
and manufacture of sugar,
which has from time to time
been extended so as to include
Zululand in its sugar opera-
tions, Sir J. L. Hulett & Son,
Ltd., being now proprietors
of four large sugar factories
and a large refinery, near
the port of Durban, with a
capital of three quarters of a
million pounds. The capacities
of these factories extend to 40,000 tons of manufactured and refined
sugar per annum, Sir J. Liege Hulett being the Chairman and Managing
Director. His residence was former!}' on the Kearsney estate, but is now
The Manor House, Durban, Natal, and his chief office is in West Street,
Durban.
A few years after settling at Kearsney he was given the Commission of
the Peace, and his services were requested by the Government from time to
time as Resident Magistrate for the district. Also on various occasions he
Ellinlt ("- Fry.
THE HON. SIR J. WEGE HULETT.
259
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
was a member of Government Commissions. In 1883 he was returned as
one of the members for Victoria County to the Legislature of Natal, and was
nominated by the Government about 1889 to a seat in the Executive Council
of the Colony, and became Chairman of Committees and Deputy Speaker ;
these positions being held until responsible government was given to the
Colony in 1893. For some time he led the opposition to that measure, and
upon the establishment of a responsible government was returned for his
old constituency, and was elected again as Chairman of Committees and
Deputy Speaker.
In 1898 he accepted a seat in the Cabinet as Minister of Native Affairs,
under Sir Henry Burns, K.C.M.G., and upon the death of that gentleman,
relinquished the post, and was elected to the Speakership.
He visited England upon the occasion of the Coronation of His Majesty
King Edward VII., when he received the honour of knighthood. Upon
returning to Natal he resigned the Speakership to lead the opposition to Sir
Albert Himes' Ministry, and upon defeating that gentleman was called upon to
form a Ministry, but on account of failing health he declined and recom-
mended Sir George Sutton to the Government, who became Prime Minister.
From that time until the Act of Union of South Africa he remained on the
floor of the house, and was elected to the Parliament of the Union as a Senator.
At the time of the Union he was the father of the Natal Parliament, having
an unbroken record for over twenty-seven years.
LIEUTENANT HARRY CLEMENT INGLES * was educated at Wellington
College, Berkshire, and received a Commission in the 4th Battalion
East Surrey Regiment in 1895, which he resigned to join the British South
Africa Company's Police as trooper in 1896, and was awarded the Matebele
Rebellion Medal. He accompanied an expedition to Monze, north of the
River Zambesi, in 1898, and was promoted to Corporal in 1900, and to
Sergeant, 1901. He also holds the King's and Queen's South African
Medals. In 1903 he was transferred to the Barotse Native Police as
* Now Captain Harry Clement Ingles.
260
SOUTH AFRICA
Troop Sergeant-Major, was
promoted to Lieutenant in
1905 ; and was appointed
Justice of the Peace for N.W.
Rhodesia in 1906. Lieutenant
Ingles accompanied his con-
tingent to England, and took
part in the various Coronation
ceremonies.
CAPTAIN JULIAN THEODORE
LAMBLEY, of the Prince
of Wales' s Own Regiment, Cape
Peninsula Rifles (of which
corps His Majesty the King
is Colonel -in-Chief), was born
LIEUTENANT H. C. INGLES.
in Chelsea, and educated at St.
Mark's College, London. He received his early military training in the Royal
Horse Guards, and in 1888 went to Cape Town, where he joined the
Cape Volunteer Field Artillery, and in 1893 entered the Cape Mounted
Riflemen, remaining with them during the annexation of Pondoland in
1894, the Bechuanaland rebellion, 1896-97, and throughout the Boer war.
He holds the South African General Service Medal, the King's and
Queen's South African War Medals with six Bars, and the Coronation
Medal of 191 1. He was selected for special service in Royston's Horse
in the Natal rebellion in 1906, and for various Guards of Honour,
including that of the visit of Princess Christian and the Commemoration
of the Union of South Africa, during the visit of H.R.H. the Duke of
Connaught. He was one of the four officers deputed to represent the
Province of the Cape of Good Hope during the Coronation Ceremonies
in London, at the conclusion of which he had the honour of conveying
a special message from His Majesty the King to his regiment.
261
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Captain Lambley married in
1905 Helena Elizabeth, daughter
of Pieter Lourens van der Byl,
of Eerste River, Cape Colony,
one of the pioneers (with the
late Cecil Rhodes) of Rhodesia,
by whom he has two sons,
Geoffrey and Laurence. His
hobbies are soldiering and
rowing, and he resides at Belle
Ombre Road, Cape Town.
T IEUTENANT ROGER HERBERT
NORRES LOMAX was born
in Wrexham, North Wales, the
gth December, 1890, second son
of Captain W. H. Lomax, of the
Royal Artillery Reserve. He
was educated at Wellington College, and in due time was gazetted Second
Lieutenant in the 3rd London Brigade, Royal Field Artillery. He passed
the School of Gunnery at Shoeburyness with distinction, and was
subsequently attached to the I23rd Battery, R.F.A., at Aldershot.
In 1910 he applied for a transfer to the Reserve of Officers, and joined
the service of the British South Africa Police in Southern Rhodesia, where
he is at present engaged. Lieutenant Lomax holds a distinguished
position in the athletic world, and is well known as a splendid rider
and an enthusiast in all kinds of sport.
The London Stereoscopic ( o.
CAPTAIN J. T. LAMBLEY.
J-TENRY ALFRED OLIVER, ESQ., C.M.G., Member of the Legislative
Assembly of South Africa, is the son of S. G. Oliver, Esq., of
Radford Grove, Nottingham, where he was born on the gth September, 1854,
202
SOUTH AFRICA
When twelve years of age, he left England for Cape Town, and after
completing his early education there he went to seek his fortune in 1871
in Kimberley. From that
time he has been closely
associated with the mar-
vellous growth and prosper-
ity of his adopted town,
of which he was siege
Mayor during the South
African war. He sat for
Kimberley in the old Cape
Parliament, and now re-
presents the same con-
stituency in the Union
Parliament of South
Africa. As a reward for
his various services he was
created C.M.G. in 1901,
and is a Justice of the
Peace for Kimberley, where
he now resides. He
married Agatha Constance, H. A. OLIVER,
daughter of J. G. Alexander, Esq., of that town.
(CAPTAIN J. J. O'SULLIVAX. J.P.. F.R.C.S., of the Northern Rhodesian
Police, who was one of the contingent representing that Colony at
the Coronation, joined the Cape Mounted Rifles in 1897. In 1901 he
was gazetted to the 2nd Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment, and
served in General French's Scouts during the South African war, which
corps he subsequently commanded. He holds the Queen's Medal, South
Africa, with six Bars, and the King's Medal, with two Bars. At the
close of the war he joined the Barotse Native Police, and was promoted
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
to Captain in 1905, and
seconded as Command-
ant of the North-Eastern
Rhodesian Con stabulary
(with local rank of
Major) from February,
1909, to March, 1911.
Captain O'Sullivan is
known as an authority
on big game hunting.
His headquarters are at
Mongu, in the Barotse
Valley, and he is a
member of the Royal
Societies Club in L,ondon.
A J O R G E O R (i E
ROBERT RICHARDS.
of the Natal Carbineers,
son of Robert and Sarah
Frances Richards, was
born in Pietermaritzburg
on the 27th December, 1865, and educated at the Bedford Grammar School.
He subsequently joined the Natal Carbineers and served throughout the Boer
war as a Lieutenant in that corps, taking part in the actions at Spion Kop
and Vaal Krantz, and was present at the Relief of L/adysmith. For these
services he was granted the Queen's Medal with three Clasps. In 1906 he
took command of a special squadron in Zululand during the native
rebellion, for which he holds a Medal with one Clasp, and in the same
year he was selected by the then Prime Minister (the Rt. Hon. Sir Frederick
Moor, K.C.M.G.) to accompany him to England to attend the Conference
of Prime Ministers. In 1909 he resigned his appointments on the Natal
Hall,
CAPTAIN J. J. O'SULLIVAN.
SOUTH AFRICA
Government Land Board and Immigration Trust Board, which he then held,
in order to proceed to England, having been chosen by the Xatal Government
to attend the Staff College at
Camberley, where he graduated in
1910.
Major Richards is a Justice
of the Peace in Natal, and has
represented Weenen County Con-
stituency in the Natal Government.
He was appointed by the
War Office as special Staff Officer
to the South African contingent
during the Coronation, and acted
as Staff Officer in charge of the
King's Royal Escort of Colonial
Troops on the days of the Corona-
tion and the Royal Progress
through the city, for which he
received the King's Coronation
Medal.
In 1899 he married Nora,
daughter of the late Alexander
MacArthur, Esq., J.P., and he MAJOR o. u. RICHARDS.
now resides at Summer Hill, Mooi River, Natal.
LIEUTENANT ROYDEN-TURXER joined Colonel Leuchar's Column under
General Buller in October, 1899, as Special Service Trooper, being then
only fifteen years of age. He was present at the actions at Tugela Ferry,
Pomeroy, Tugela Heights, Majuba, Lang's Nek, and the Relief of Lady-
smith, where he volunteered for Special Service in the gallant but un-
successful attempt to blow up the railway bridge. Subsequently he was
appointed guide to Colonel Bethune's Column in the Tugela Valley, and
265
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
saw the first Boers cross the Natal border.
He got his Commission in the Umvoti
Mounted Rifles in 1905. He holds the
King's and Queen's Boer War Medal with
six Clasps, King Edward's and King
George's Coronation Medals, and also the
Medal for service in the Zulu campaigns.
TIEUTENANT ARTHUR JAMES TAYLOR*
had the distinguished honour to com-
mand the Royal contingent of his famous
LIEUTENANT A. J. TAYLOR.
LIEUTENANT R( )YDEN-TURNER.
corps, the Cape Mounted
Riflemen, at the Coronation
of King George V. Joining
that regiment in 1893, he
immediately saw active ser-
vice during the Pondoland
campaign in the succeeding
year, when that territory
was annexed. On the out-
break of the Anglo-Boer war
in 1899 he again took the
field, and served throughout
the whole campaign until
its close. He was for some
* Now Major Arthur James
Taylor.
266
SOUTH AFRICA
time attached to the staff of Field-Marshal Lord Roberts, and holds
two war Medals with six Clasps.
CAPTAIN ALFRED JAMES TOMLINSON. Among the many representative
visitors who came from the British Colonies and Dependencies to
attend the Coronation of King George V., not the least distinguished
was Captain Alfred
James Tomlinson, Sec-
ond in Command of the
Rhodesian Coronation
Contingent. This gallant
officer has had a varied
and brilliant career, and
has done splendid service
in many lands and in
several campaigns. He
was born in 1871, in
Madras, whence he was
brought to England, and
educated at the ancient
and famous Whitgift
Grammar School at
Croydon, Surrey. He
returned to the East
and entered the Salt
Department in India,
in 1891, and joining
the Malabar Volunteer CAPTAIN A. j. TOMUXSOX.
Rifles became 2nd Lieutenant. On resigning his Commission, he
next proceeded to Southern Rhodesia, and entered the Matabeleland
Mounted Police as a trooper in 1894, becoming Corporal in March, 1895,
Sergeant in the following month, and Acting Regimental-Sergeant-Major
267
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SOUTH AFRICA
in October of the same year. Captain Tomlinson took part in the
Jameson Raid, and served as Lieutenant in the Matabeleland Relief
Force, April, 1896, under Colonel Plumer. Subsequently he joined the
British South Africa Police, as lieutenant and Sub-Inspector in October,
1896. He went through the South African War, 1899 to 1902, receiving
the Queen's Medal and Bars for Rhodesia, the Relief of Mafeking,
and the Transvaal ; and the King's South Africa Medal with Bars for 1901
and 1902. He was promoted to Captain and Inspector in December, 1901,
and in June, 1911, he was appointed Second in Command of the Rhodesian
Coronation contingent. In 1904 he married Ktheldreda Bennet, elder
daughter of the late Edward Bayden Neame, Esq., of Faversham, Kent,
and has two sons.
269
CANADA
VI
CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND.
T IEUTENANT JOHN DOUGLAS ARMOUR was born in Toronto, Canada,
on the I3th November, 1888. He is the eldest son of Douglas Armour,
Esq., barrister-at-law, and Agnes Spratt, and grandson of the late John
Douglas Armour, Esq., Chief Justice of the Court
of Appeal in Canada. He was educated at the
Model School, Toronto, the Montreal High School,
and finally at St. Albans School, Brockville.
In April, 1908, he joined the 2ist Battery of the
Canadian Field Artillery upon its organization, and
after taking part in the Tercentenary Celebrations at
Quebec in July, 1908, received his commission as
Lieutenant in September of the same year, and
accompanied the contingent which took part in the
Coronation Ceremonies, on which occasion he received
the Coronation Medal.
In September, 1903, he joined the service of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Company, and is also
connected with the Ogilvie Flour Mills Company, and LIEUT, j. D. ARMOUR.
with the Canada Securities Corporation, Limited. He is a member of the
Montreal Ski Club, and of the Beaconsfield Golf and Montreal Amateur
Athletic Association, and resides at 220, Peel Street, Montreal.
271
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
FREDERICK WEBBER ASHE, ESQ., was born in Quebec on the 1 7th October,
1864, and is the fifth son of the late Commander Edward D. Ashe, R.N.
He was educated in Quebec and at Trinity College School, Fort Hope,
Ontario. In 1882 he entered the service of the Union Bank of Canada in
Quebec, was appointed Account-
ant at Winnipeg in 1888, Manager
at Hastings in 1895, and was
subsequently Manager at several
other important branches. In
1903 he became Manager in
Montreal, and in 1907 was pro-
moted to the position of Eastern
Superintendent, having charge
of all the branches from the
great lakes to the Atlantic.
When the Union Bank of Canada
opened a branch in London in
1911 Mr. Ashe was made a
member of the London Com-
mittee, and the London office
was placed in his charge.
Mr. Ashe's opinion on
FREDERICK WEBRER ASHE, ESQ.
Canadian finance is recognised
by bankers as being sound, not only by London, but also by Paris, Berlin
and other large financial centres.
Mr. Ashe married, in 1898, Belle Haven Greene, only daughter of the
late George A. Greene, Esq., of Boston, Massachusetts. He resides at
Englemere Hill, Ascot, and is a member of the City Carlton (London) and
the Travellers (Paris) Clubs.
HpHE RIGHT HONOURABLE ROBERT LAIRD BORDEN, K.C., M.P., was
born in Grand Pre, Nova Scotia, on the 26th June, 1854, and is
the eldest surviving son of the late Andrew Borden, Esq. He married in
272
CANADA
1889 Laura, youngest daughter of the late T. H. Bond, Esq., of Halifax.
He was educated at Acacia Villa Academy, Horton, and in 1874
commenced the study of law ; was called to the Bar in 1878, and became
K.C. in 1891. He has had an extensive practice in the Supreme Court
of Nova Scotia and in the Supreme Court of Canada, and has been
engaged in several cases before the Judicial Committee of the Privy
Council. From 1893 to 1904 he
was President of the Nova
Scotia Barristers Society ; was
made Honorary D.C.I,., Queen's
University, Ontario, in 1903 ;
Lly.D., St. Francois Xavier Uni-
versity in 1905 ; was Member for
the City and County of Halifax
from 1896 to 1900 ; Member for
Carlton in 1905 ; Member for the
City and County of Halifax in
1908, and took a leading part
in many important debates be-
tween 1896 and 1900. In
February, 1901, upon the resig-
nation of Sir Charles Tupper, he
was elected leader of the Con-
servative party in the House of
Commons, and is now (1912)
Prime Minister of Canada, in
succession to the Rt. Hon. Sir
Wilfrid L,aurier. During the
summer of 1912 he visited London for the purpose of conferring with the
British Government upon the question of Naval Defence, and attended
meetings of the Imperial Defence Committee. During the visit he addressed
several important audiences on Imperial questions, and his utterances
received remarkable appreciation both in Great Britain and in Canada. Upon
273
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
returning to the Dominion he proceeded to formulate a naval policy,
designed to meet the pressing needs of the Empire. His principal
diversions are cricket, lawn-tennis and golf. He is a member of the
Rideau, Laurentian and other clubs, and resides at 201, Wurtemburg,
Ottawa.
MURRAY BOTSFORD, ESQ., was born on the i6th August,
1864, in Dorchester, New Brunswick, the son of Blair and Sarah
(Cogswell) Botsford. He has
a splendid record in the
banking profession, and after
serving as Manager of the
Royal Bank of Canada at
Vancouver and Halifax, he
was appointed in June, 1906,
to the head office in Montreal,
and five years later to a similar
position in the head office
in London. He did good
service as a councillor on
the Montreal Board of Trade,
and in 1910 was chairman
of the Bankers' Committee
in the same city. He is a
member of the Mount Royal
Club, at Montreal, and the
Milfs f- Kave.
Halifax Club, at Halifax. Mr.
Botsford, who is a member of the Anglican Church, was married in June,
1890, to Lena Evangeline Chipman of Kentville, Nova Scotia.
TPHE HONOURABLE WILLIAM J. BOWSER, LL.B., K.C. Among the
numerous distinguished Colonial visitors who crossed the seas to
attend the Coronation of King George V. was the Hon. W. J. Bowser,
274
CANADA
Attorney-General for British Columbia. Born in Rexton, New Brunswick,
the 3rd December, 1867, and educated at Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.,
where he obtained the degree of Bachelor of L,aws, Mr. Bowser was called to
the Bar of New Brunswick
in 1890, and to the Bar
of British Columbia in
1891. He was elected as
member for the City of
Vancouver in the Pro-
vincial Parliament at the
General Elections of 1903,
1907, 1909, and 1912.
On the 24th July, 1907,
he was appointed Attor-
ney-General of British
Columbia, and Commis-
sioner of Fisheries in the
following August ; and
subsequently, such was the
brilliant ability he dis-
played as a lawyer and THE HON- w- J'
a statesman, he became Minister of Finance and Agriculture, from
October, 1909, to October, 1910. Mr. Bowser was elected Grand Master
of Freemasons in British Columbia in 1904.
/^EORGE McLAREN BROWN. ESQ., of the Canadian Pacific Railway
Service, is a son of Adam Brown, Esq., of Dumfriesshire, Scotland, a
moving spirit in Canadian commerce and one of the fathers of railway
development in Ontario, and his wife, Mary (Kough), of Shrewsbury in
England. Mr. George McLaren Brown was born in Hamilton, Ontario,
the 2gth January, 1865, and educated at Shrewsbury, Hamilton Grammar
School, and Upper Canada College. From 1881 to 1883 he was in the
275
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
service of the Northern and North-Western Railway, Hamilton, and
for four years onward in that of the Grand Trunk Railway. In 1887
he was appointed Agent for the Canadian Pacific Railway at Vancouver,
and for five years from 1892 he was Assistant General Passenger Agent
in the western division, and
subsequently Executive Agent.
From 1902 to 1905 he was
vSuperintendent of the hotels
and dining and sleeping car
department, and for another
three years General Passenger
Agent in connection with the
Atlantic steamship lines for the
same company. In 1908 he was
made General European Traffic
Agent, and in 1910 General
European Manager with offices
at Charing Cross, London. In
all these positions Mr. McLaren
Brown has shown himself pos-
sessed of rare executive skill,
while another trait is well
illustrated by the admiring declaration of a well-known London daily
paper that he is "a man who sees every one who wants to see him,
however busy he may be." Mr. McLaren Brown, who is a member of
the Presbyterian Church, was married in 1890 to Eleanor Graham,
daughter of John Crerar, Esq., K.C.,"of Hamilton, Ontario.
GEORGE MCLAREN BROWN, ESQ.
PERKINS BULL, ESQ., LL.B., K.C., is a Canadian born, as were
also his father and his mother. His birthplace, the 25th July, 1870,
was Downsview, York, Ontario, in which county indeed both his paternal
and maternal ancestors have lived for about a century.
276
CANADA
Mr. Perkins Bull's boyhood was spent at Hawthorne Lodge,
Brampton, where his father, the late Bartholomew Hill Bull, prominent in
moral and temperance advancement, established the world-famed Jersey
stock farm — to-day the largest herd of pedigreed cattle in the British
Empire. Here Mr. Perkins Bull's mother, nee Sarah Duncan, still makes
her home. Her father, the late William Duncan, Esq., J.P., of York, was
born in County Sligo, on New Year's Day, 1800. Mr. Bull's grandfather,
the late J. P. Bull, Esq., J.P., was also deeply interested in agriculture,
being the first President of
"The Grange."
William Perkins Bull re-
ceived his Bachelor of Arts
degree from Victoria College in
1893 with first-class honours.
On three occasions he represented
his alma mater, leading in inter-
collegiate debates. Besides hav-
ing been at times first in first-
class honours, he has, since
graduation, been continuously
elected their President by his
fellow graduates.
In 1894 he received from
University College his
degree.
In 1897 he graduated from WILLIAM PKRKIXS BULL, ESQ.
Osgoode Hall and was called to the Bar, where his ability was early
recognised, and ten years later he took silk, at which time it was singularly
observed that he was the youngest King's Counsel of his day.
In 1897 Mr. Bull married Maria, daughter of the late Michael Brennen,
Esq., Lumberman, Hamilton, Canada. Varied as are the many sides of
his inevitable character, Mr. Bull is ennobled by those fireside virtues
which endear him to the hearts of his more intimate friends, and seen
277
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
among his happy family of seven children at " Lome Hall," Rose-
dale, Toronto, or their English home, "Lower Park," Putney Hill, one is re-
assured of the true philosophy that a great man never loses his child's heart.
During the earlier part of his career, Mr. Bull confined his attentions
almost exclusively to purely professional work, but later his eclectic energy
has been sought and claimed by financial and commercial enterprise. He
acted with the British Columbia Government in adjusting the differences
between the Howe Sound and Northern Railway and the Pacific Great
Eastern Railway, and negotiated the sale of the Howe Sound and Northern
Railway to the Pacific Great Eastern Railway.
Besides being the senior partner of the law firm, Messrs. Bull, Holliss &
Wilson, Toronto, he was first President of the Okanagan Lumber Co., Vice-
President of the Missasaga Lumber Co., Member of the Executive Committee
of the Canadian Lumbermen's Association, Director of the Canadian Oil Co.
and of the Preston Car & Coach Co. He is President of the British Canadian
Realty, Limited, of London, senior partner of Messrs. B. H. Bull & Son,
Brampton, and is a Director inter alia of the Kenilworth Canadian Co., Ltd.,
Glasgow, and of the Colonial Securities Corporation, Ltd.
Supplementing his enterprising professional and business career, Mr.
Bull's magnetic personality and genial social humour have claimed for him
a large circle of friends. Among his clubs are, in Canada, the National,
the Canadian, the Royal Canadian Yacht, the Canadian Alpine, and the
Canadian Jersey Cattle Clubs, and in England, the Royal Automobile, the
Conservative Club, Liverpool, and the Constitutional, Bristol. He is also a
Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute.
Mr. Bull may well be regarded as one of Canada's most enterprising and
devoted sons. As an Imperialist he has figured prominently in London at
numerous City and other public functions as a most interesting and pleasing
after-dinner speaker. Both in Canada and in England he is well known
in Methodist and philanthropic circles.
True to his hereditary instincts Mr. Bull takes a keen interest in live
stock and farming, not only as a hobby but in the general improvement
of agricultural conditions. Mr. Perkins Bull was one of the founders and
278
CANADA
original Directors of Farm and Dairy, one of Canada's most influential
country publications, and a contributor to the leading agricultural
papers of Canada and America, of articles on the judging and
breeding of pedigree stock, and on agricultural questions. He is a familiar
figure around the Jersey ring at the leading Exhibitions, not only in
England, but from the Atlantic to the Pacific, where the winnings of the
Brampton Jerseys have been unequalled for the past two decades.
During his Coronation visit to England, Mr. Perkins Bull was one of
fourteen honoured guests at His Majesty's Luncheon at the Royal Show.
T IEUTENANT R. P. CLARK was born in London in the year 1874,
and educated at The College, Broadstairs, Kent. In 1889 he joined the
and Volunteer Battalion Royal Fusiliers, and served with this regiment
till 1893. He left England for the
Klondike Yukon Territory in 1897, and
on the outbreak of war in January,
1900, he volunteered for service in
South Africa ; he served first with the
2nd Royal Fusiliers from April, 1900,
to May, 1901 then with the Rand Rifles
Mine Guard from May, 1901, to October
in same year, and finally with the
Imperial Military Railway Volunteer
Corps till the conclusion of the war,
when he was awarded a pension for
wounds received in active service. He
subsequently joined the Kimberley
Regiment and was transferred to the
Diamond Fields Horse, and received his LIEUT- R> p- CI-ARK-
commission in the Diamond Fields Field Artillery on the 1st March, 1905.
On the 4th March, 1907, he was transferred to the 5th British Columbia
Regiment Garrison Artillery, and now resides in Victoria, British Columbia.
279
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
CIR WILLIAM MORTIMER CLARK, W.S., K.C., LL.D., was born in
Aberdeen, Scotland, the 24th May, 1836, the son of John Clark, Esq.,
manager of the Aberdeen Insurance Company and founder of the
Caledonian Bank, and of Jane (Mortimer) Clark. He was educated
at West-end Academy, the Grammar School, and Marischal College,
Aberdeen, and at Edinburgh University, of the General Council of
which he is a life member. He was admitted a Writer to the Signet
in 1859, but went to Canada the same year, and in 1862 was called to
the Bar. For a number of years
he successfully followed his
profession in Toronto, and took
silk as a K.C. in 1887. In
1878-9, Sir William was President
of the Co. York Law Association.
A Presbyterian and an elder of
his Church, he has taken a great
and practical interest in matters
religious, educational and phil-
anthropic. He was Senator of
Toronto University for fourteen
years, and has been Chairman of
Knox College, Toronto, since
1880, and he was also one of the
founders and first Directors of
the St. Andrew's College for Boys.
In 1900-1901 he was President SIR WIIJJAM MORTIMICR CLARK.
of the St. Andrew's Society in Toronto. Among other positions he has
successfully filled are those of Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the
Presbyterian Church, Governor of Toronto Hospital, Director of Wellesley
Hospital, President of the Toronto Mortgage Company, and Director of the
Toronto Gas Company, General Electric Company, General Trusts Cor-
poration, Metropolitan Bank, Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society, etc.,
etc. Sir William was Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario from the 2Oth April,
CANADA
1903, to September, 1908, and in that capacity performed the opening
ceremony in connection with the King's Royal Park at Owen Sound. On
relinquishing this honourable position, his numerous friends presented him
with a handsome silver punch-bowl and salver as a token of their esteem
and regard. In 1907 Sir William was created a Knight Bachelor by letters
patent. He was married in 1866 to Helen Gordon, daughter of
Gilbert Gordon, Esq., of Caithness, and sister to the late John Gordon, Esq.,
President of the Toronto, Grey, and Bruce Railway.* Sir William is the
author of a number of articles and communications to the Press on
various topics, including sketches of travel in the East, Turkey, Greece
and Russia. A Liberal in politics, but opposed to the reciprocity agreement
with the United States, he is honoured throughout the Dominion as a
cultured Christian gentleman, whose life has been one of high and honourable
service to the State and the community.
HTHE HONOURABLE WILLIAM STEVENS FIELDING, Minister of Finance
in the Canadian Cabinet in Sir Wilfrid L,aurier's Administration, was
born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the 24th November, 1848, the son of the late
Charles and Sarah Fielding. A journalist by profession, he was for twenty years
connected with the Halifax Morning Chronicle, resigning the position
of managing editor to engage in active duties of public life. He represented
the city and county of Halifax in the Provincial I/egislature from 1882 to
1896, and was made a member of the Cabinet within a few months of taking
his seat. In 1884 he was entrusted with the task of forming a new Admin-
istration— in which he held the portfolio of Provincial Secretary — which
remained in power until Mr. Fielding's election as Member of the House of
Commons for Shelburne and Queen's and his transfer to Ottawa as Minister
of Finance under Sir Wilfrid L,aurier. In this capacity he was particularly
charged with the readjustment of the Canadian tariff, and submitted to
Parliament the measures forming the British preferential tariff. He introduced
the Budget during fifteen years, " a fact unique in the history of Canada,
showing that he held office for a longer period than any other Minister of
*Iyady Clark died in 1913.
281
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Finance." As acting-Minister of Railways he, in 1903, conducted the nego-
tiations resulting in the agreement to construct the National Trans-Continental
Railway, and his signature was appended to the contract between the
Government and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway.
Mr. Fielding was a representative of Canada at the Colonial Conference
of 1902, and was also appointed a delegate to the Imperial Conference
of 1907, which, however, he was unable to attend. In 1907 he was one of
His Majesty's plenipotentiaries for the negotiation of the Franco-Canadian
Commercial Treaty at Paris,
and also in connection with the
supplementary Treaty two years
later, and about the same time
negotiated commercial arrange-
ments with Germany, the
United States, Italy and
Belgium, and was a member of
the Royal Commission designed
to promote mutual trading
facilities between Canada and
the British West Indies. In
1910 he went to Washington
with the Hon. G. P. Graham
to discuss reciprocity with
President Taft, and again in the
January following with the
Hon. W. Paterson.
Mr. Fielding was married in 1876 to Hester, daughter of Thomas A.
Rankine, Esq., of St. John, New Brunswick. In 1902 he, with two
daughters, was present at the late King Edward's Coronation in West-
minster Abbey. In 1905 he visited Italy and Rome, and had a private
audience of the Pope. Visiting London in 1907, he had the felicity of a
presentation to King Edward and Queen Alexandra, and the following
year, that in which he was entertained at a banquet in Paris by the
THE HON. \V. S. FIELDING.
282
CANADA
directors of the British Chamber of Commerce, he had the honour of
lunching with T.R.H. the Prince and Princess of Wales, now Their
Majesties the King and Queen. In 1909 Mr. and Mrs. Fielding and their
daughter were presented to King Edward and Queen Alexandra, and Mr.
Fielding was received in private audience by His Majesty.
Mr. Fielding is a Governor of Dalhousie University, a D.C.I/. (Hon.) of
Acadia University, and LL.D. (Hon.) of Queen's, McGill and Dalhousie
Universities. He resides at Montreal.
'-pHE HONOURABLE JAMES KIDD FLEMMING was born of Irish
parentage, the 2;th April, 1868, in Woodstock, the county town of
Carletoii, New Brunswick. A merchant and lumber manufacturer by business,
he was elected to the Legis-
lature in January, 1900, and
again in 1903 and 1908. On
the 24th March of the last-named
year he was sworn of the
Executive Council as Provincial
Secretary in the Hazen Cabinet,
and re-elected by acclamation on
the 7th April following. On the
dissolution of the Hazen Cabinet
upon the acceptance of office
in the Borden (Dominion)
Cabinet by the Premier, Mr.
Flemming was called upon to
form a Cabinet, which he did,
assuming the offices of Premier
and Surveyor-General, the i6th
October, IQII. Subsequently
the University of New Brunswick conferred upon him the honorary degree
of LL.D. Mr. Flemming married in 1890, his wife being S. Helena
Fleming. He is a Conservative in politics and a Presbyterian.
283
THE HOX. J. K. FLBMMJXO.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
^\/ILLIAM SAMUEL GOLDBY, ESQ., of the Bank of British North
America, was born the i6th February, 1855, the son of the late Major
William Ooldby, formerly of the Royal Sussex Regiment. Educated at
Rochester Grammar School and
privately, he entered the service
of the Bank of British North
America in London, the 22nd
August, 1872, and was appointed
Manager in 1901. Mr. Goldby
has had no Colonial service, but
he has been twice to the other
side to study banking and
commercial conditions. He
served in the Volunteer Force
for upwards of fifteen years,
mostly with the London Rifle
Brigade. Golf and fly-fishing
are his recreations, and he is a
member of the Canada Club
and of the Sidcup Golf Club.
WILLIAM SAMUEL GOLDBY, KsQ. ^ G()ldby ^ marriedf the
nth March, 1880, to Frances H. E., younger daughter of the late
Lieutenant-Colonel Septimus Lyster, formerly of the Connaught Rangers.
'T'HE HONOURABLE SIR LOMER GOUIN, the present Prime Minister
and Attorney-General of the Province of Quebec, is a man of many
honourable attainments. Born in Grondines, Quebec, in 1861, and
educated at Sorel and Levis, he married in 1888 a daughter of the late
Honore Mercier, the ex-Premier of Quebec, by whom he has two sons.
He entered the Bar in 1884, and after sixteen years of strenuous legal
work was admitted as Queen's Counsel in 1900. Since 1897 he has variously
sat as member for Montreal and Portneuf in the Provincial Parliament;
has successively, during the last twelve years, held the offices of Minister of
284
CANADA
Colonisation and Public
Works, and of President
of the Executive Council
and Attorney-General,
Quebec, and was Alder-
man of the City of Mon-
treal during 1900 ; and
in recognition of his many
services was awarded, in
1908, a well-deserved
Knighthood. Although
devoted to outdoor re-
creations, principally
hunting and fishing, he
is above all a man of
literary tastes, and is re-
puted to be one of the
best lawyers and states-
men the Province of Quebec has produced.
A/TAJOR WILLIAM HART-McHARCi, 6th Regiment, "The Duke of Con-
naught's Own Rifles," Vancouver, Canada, was in command of " B "
Company, Canadian Coronation Contingent. He is the only son of the late
Major W. Hart-McHarg of the 44th (Essex) Regiment, and was born in
Kilkenny Barracks, on the i6th February, 1869. He was educated at
the Collegiate School, Brentwood, Essex, and at a private school in
Bruges, Belgium. He went to Manitoba in 1885, and took up the study
of law in 1890, being called to the bar in Winnipeg in 1895. In 1897
he removed to British Columbia and was called to the bar of that Province.
While a law student in Winnipeg he served three years as a trooper in
the Winnipeg Dragoons and on arrival in British Columbia joined the
Rocky Mountain Rangers as a private. He was gazetted a Lieutenant
in 1899, and on the outbreak of the South African war he volunteered for
THI-; HOX. SIR LOMER GOUIX.
285
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
service in the first contingent (the Royal Canadian Regiment), but being
unable to obtain commissioned rank, owing to the large number of officers
throughout Canada who had applied, he resigned his Commission in the
R.M.R. with the consent of the Minister of Militia, enlisted as a private in
the Royal Canadian Regiment, and shortly after the arrival of the Regiment
in South Africa was promoted to Sergeant. He received the Queen's Medal
and Clasps for Paardeberg, Drie-
fontein, Johannesburg, and Cape
Colony. On his return to British
Columbia he was reinstated as a
Lieutenant in the R.M.R. and
promoted to Captain in 1902,
subsequently transferring to the
6th Regiment, D.C.O.R. He
obtained his Majority in 1910.
Major Hart-McHarg is well
known as a rifle shot. He has
been a member of the Canadian
Bisley team several times, and
has shot for Canada in the
Kolapore (1907-1910), Mackinnon
(1907-1910) and Empire (1910)
team matches. In 1907 he was
a member of the Canadian team
in the Palma Trophy contest at
Ottawa against British, Australian
and American teams. He won
the Governor-General's prize at
MAJOR WILLIAM HART-MCIIARO. Ottawa in 1908, all the aggregates
at the B.C. rifle meeting in 1909, and tied for first place in the Prince of
Wales match at Bisley in 1910 with a record score.
Major Hart-McHarg is the author of " From Quebec to Pretoria," the
story of the Royal Canadian Regiment in South Africa, and joint author of
286
CANADA
a historical souvenir of the 6th Regiment, D.C.O.R. He is a member of
the following clubs : Vancouver, United Service, Country (Vancouver),
Canadian Military Institute (Toronto), Junior Army and Navy (London).
'"THE HONOURABLE JOHN DOUGLAS HA/EX, K.C., LL.D., Canadian
statesman and lawyer, is of Loyalist-Puritan descent, and was born the
5th June, 1860, in Oromocto, vSunbury Co., New Brunswick. The family were
among the oldest settlers in the New World. Mr. Hazen is descended from
Edward Hazen, who left Northumberland in England for Massachusetts in
1648, and more immediately
from John Hazen, who, with
his brother 'William, went from
Haverhill, Mass., and settled in
Portland, New Brunswick, in
1775. He is the son of the late
James King Hazen, Esq., and
his mother was a daughter of
the late Hon. John A. Beckwith.
His maternal grandfather was
Provincial Secretary of New
Brunswick, and a member of
the Legislative Council. His
paternal grandfather was an
officer in H.M.'s Army, and
Sheriff of Sunbury County for
over twenty -five years.
Mr. Douglas Hazen was
educated at the Collegiate
School, Fredericton, and is a
B.A., B.C.L-, and LL.D. of New Brunswick University. He was called
to the Bar in 1883, and made a K.C. in 1894, practising first at Fredericton
and then removing, in 1890, to St. John. Besides being a Senator of his
University and President of the Barristers' Society, he was an Alderman of
THE HOX. J. D. HAZIvN.
287
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Fredericton for three years, and Mayor for two years, bearing meanwhile a
prominent part in local societies and undertakings. He sat in the House of
Commons for St. John city and county for five years, 1891-1896, and gave
support to Mr. Davin's motion for the extension of the Dominion franchise to
women. He was defeated in 1896, but was elected for Sunbury (local) in 1899,
and again in 1903 and 1908. Chosen leader of the Opposition (local) in 1899, he
inflicted a crushing defeat on the Robinson Government at the general election
in March, 1908, which gave him a contingent of 31 supporters against 12
adherents of the Government. Upon the resignation of Mr. Robinson, Mr.
Hazen was summoned by the Lieut. -Governor to form a Government, which
he did, taking the Premier's portfolio and the post of Attorney-General. The
Cabinet was sworn in on the 24th March, 1908, and every member thereof was
re-elected by acclamation. Mr. Hazen retained office till the loth October, 1911,
when he was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Minister of Marine
and Fisheries and of Naval affairs in Mr. Borden's (Dominion) Cabinet.
Mr. Daniel, M.P. elect for St. John, retiring, Mr. Hazen was elected
by acclamation, the 27th October, 1911. We may add that on the naval
question he was in favour of giving aid to the Mother Country, and that he
was opposed to the Taft-Fi elding reciprocity compact. Mr. Hazen attended
the Coronation of King George and Queen Mary, and was presented to their
Majesties, and in 1912 accompanied Mr. Borden to England, where he sat
as a member of the Committee of Imperial Defence and was consulted by
the Admiralty with regard to the naval defence of the Empire.
Mr. Hazen married, the 22nd September, 1884, Ada C., second daughter of
James Tibbitts, Esq., of Fredericton. He is a Conservative, and is a member
of the Church of England, enjoys golfing, and his clubs are the Union,
St. John, Mount Royal, Montreal, Rideau and Country, Ottawa. He
has residences at Ottawa, Ontario, and at St. John, New Brunswick.
J-JERBERT SAMUEL HOLT, ESQ., civil engineer, financier and man
of business, was born in Dublin, in 1856, the younger son of the
late William Robert Grattan Holt, Esq., of King's County. He studied
288
CANADA
civil engineering in Ireland, and went out to Canada in 1875, where,
down to 1883, he acted successively as Engineer for the Credit Valley,
Victoria, Lake Simcoe Junction, Ontario and Quebec, and other railways.
In 1883-4 ne was engaged as Engineer and Superintendent of Construction
to the Prairie and Mountain divisions of the Canadian Pacific
Railway, and in succeeding years carried out extensive contracts in
the Rocky Mountains, Province of Quebec and State of Maine, in
connection with the same line.
In 1889-92, he built, in partner-
ship with Messrs. Ross, Mac-
kenzie, and Mann, the Regina,
Qu'Appelle and Long Lake
and the Calgary and Edmonton
Railways, aggregating 550
miles. Since then Mr. Holt
has devoted his whole time to
financial and banking business.
He is President of the Royal
Bank of Canada, and from 1902
to 1904 occupied a similar
important position in the
Sovereign Bank of Canada,
while he has taken a leading
part in forming and controlling
a very large number of financial
and commercial undertakings
in the Dominion. In 1911 the Montreal Star rated him as a
millionaire, and the Montreal Herald bore testimony to his "immense
capacity for hard work " and to his energy and application. Mr. Holt
married in 1890 Jessie, eldest daughter of Andrew Paton, Esq.,
manufacturer, Sherbrooke, Province of Quebec, who like her husband
has taken a keen interest in support of the philanthropic institutions
of Montreal, where they reside. Mr. Holt takes an interest in sport,
HIvKBKRT SAMUCI, H3LT, ESQ.
289
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
and is a member of, among other leading clubs, the Thistle Curling
Club, Royal Montreal Golf Club, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club,
Forest and Stream Club, Mount Royal Club, etc.
CIR WILLIAM CORNELIUS VAN HORNE, K.C.M.G. (Hon.), was born in
Will County, Illinois, the 3rd February, 1843, the son of Cornelius Coven-
hoven Van Home, Esq., counsellor- at -law, and Mary Minier (Richards)
Van Home. Educated at the local schools, he entered the railway service
in 1857 as a telegraph operator on the Illinois Central line, and after
transferring his energies for
a time to the Michigan Cen-
tral, became in turn ticket
agent, train despatcher,
superintendent of telegraphs,
and divisional superintendent
on the Chicago and Alton
Railway. In 1872 he was
appointed General Superin-
tendent of the St. Louis,
Kansas City and Northern
Railway, and in 1874 General
Manager of the Southern
Minnesota Railway, of which
he was President from 1877
to 1879. After filling impor-
tant positions on the Chicago
and Alton, and Chicago,
Milwaukee and St. Paul
Railways, he was in 1882 made General Manager of the Canadian
Pacific Railway, and in that capacity saw the line carried to completion.
From 1884 to 1888 he was Vice-President of the company, and from
1888 to 1899 its President, and subsequently from 1899 to 1910 Chairman
of Directors. He is still a Director of the line and is President of the
SIR WIUJAM COKNEIJUS VAN HORNE.
2QO
CANADA
Cuba Company and various other enterprises. He has also found time for
other pursuits, and at vSelkirk, in Manitoba, and elsewhere has several
model farms for the raising of pure-bred live stock, etc., while
he has also a wide reputation as a keen connoisseur of Japanese and Chinese
art and as a collector of valuable paintings. Sir William was made K.C.M.G.
(Hon.), in 1894, by Queen Victoria, and here it may be stated that he is a
supporter of the principle of Canadian contribution to the British Navy,
and that he was strongly opposed to the Taft-Fielding reciprocity agreement
with the United States. Sir William, who resides at 513, Sherbrooke
Street, W., Montreal, married, in 1867, Lucy Adeline, daughter of Erastus
Kurd, Esq., C.E., of Galesbury, Illinois.
JOHN HOWARD, ESQ., was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he
•J received his early education, and was afterwards sent in turn to
Leamington, England ; Boulogne, France ; and Leipzig, Germany, to con-
tinue his studies, covering a period of about six years spent in
England and on the Continent. On returning to Halifax, he engaged in
business, and at the age of twenty-three he had the entire management
of one of the leading commercial houses in the Province, which was the
pioneer of extensive advertising in that country. Later on, Mr. Howard
joined the staff of the High Commissioner's office in London, and served
under the late Sir Alexander Gait and the distinguished Sir Charles Tupper,
acquiring an intimate knowledge of the working of each of the Depart-
ments devoted to official business, accounts, and emigration respectively.
During this period the great Canadian North-West was being vigor-
ously advertised, and the energies of the Dominion were mainly devoted
to attracting settlers to that region. This not only resulted in the substantial
claims of the East being overlooked, but many men were attracted away
from there by the alluring descriptions of the West, leaving behind them
excellent homesteads, which would make happy and prosperous many farming
families in this country. His personal experience convinced Mr. Howard
that if Nova Scotia wished to replace those leaving, and to receive a fair
291
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
share of settlers, she would have to make more widely known her bountiful
resources.
In 1891 Mr. Howard, accompanied by his wife, travelled through the
Dominion, visiting every Province from the Atlantic to the Pacific, as well
as many parts of the Eastern, Middle, and Western States, and great as were
the inducements there offering, he was confirmed in his opinion that the
advantages obtaining in Nova Scotia were unsurpassed elsewhere. Subse-
quent visits at frequent intervals have only tended to endorse this.
Mr. Howard has always
taken an enthusiastic pride in
his native province, and been
impressed with the good work
to be done in making wide-
spread dissemination of the
opportunities it offers to the
right classes for the profitable
development of its varied
natural wealth ; and he was
most admirably qualified to fill
the post of Agent-General to
which he was appointed in 1892.
Owing to the policy of the
Nova Scotia Government not
justifying the necessary expen-
diture in this work, and being
JOHN HOWARD, ESQ. possessed of independent means,
Mr. Howard placed gratuitously his experience, and services, at its
disposal, for the advancement of his native province. At this time our
Colonies were neither so prominent nor so well appreciated by the general
public as now, and to declare oneself a Colonial was then little short of
inviting disdain.
An ardent Imperialist, holding strong views that every citizen should
contribute some personal service to the State, he has served in the Canadian
292
CANADA
Militia, subsequently joining the Volunteers in this country, and when the
King's Colonial Imperial Yeomanry (now King Edward's Horse) Regiment
was raised in 1901, he assisted in its formation and commanded the Canadian
Squadron, retiring this year with the Territorial Decoration, after twenty-
three years' service. He is an expert revolver and rifle shot, and won the
coveted St. George's Vase at Bisley several years ago.
Mr. Howard and his accomplished wife have deservedly acquired a high
reputation for their liberal hospitality to Nova Scotians, as well as to other
Canadians in this country, and thanks to their personal generosity, the
enjoyable gatherings held in Pall Mall on the occasions of important public
functions will long be remembered by those who attended them.
Without political bias or seeking patronage, his has been a work of
disinterested patriotism, rare enough in these days, ever planning and working
for the good of the community, and it is mainly due to his efforts and the
results of his varied experience and knowledge during the twenty-one years
he has filled the post of Agent-General, that Nova Scotia holds so high a
place in London to-day, thus laying the Province under a deep and lasting
obligation. Having identified himself with the work, he will not be satisfied
until Nova Scotia comes into its own, and secures the recognition its
importance merits.
COLONEL SAMUEL HUGHES, M.P., was born in Darlington, Ontario, on the
8th January, 1853, son of John Hughes, Esq., a native of Tyrone, Ireland,
and Caroline Laughlin, of Scoto-Irish Huguenot descent. He was educated
at Public Schools, Toronto Model and Normal Schools, and the University
of Toronto, and was Lecturer in the English Language and in Literature
and History in Toronto Collegiate Institute, until 1885, when he purchased
the Lindsay Warder, which he edited until 1897.
He entered the Volunteer Militia in early life, was gazetted Lieutenant
in the 45th Regiment in 1873 ; Captain and Adjutant in 1878 ; Brevet-Major
in 1888 ; Major in 1895 ; Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding the Regiment
in 1897, and as such took part in the Military Display in London in connection
with the Celebration of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, for which he was
293
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
awarded the Medal. In October, in the latter year, he tendered to the Imperial
Government the services of the 45th Regiment to proceed to any part of
the globe on active service. Among his numerous appointments, he held
those of Acting Brigade-Major, Military District No. 3, in 1886 ; Brigadier,
Niagara, in 1899, and from 1897-8 visited New Zealand, Australia, and the
Fiji Islands in the interest of Colonial assistance in Imperial wars.
During the South
African war, in which he
took part, he rose to be
assistant to Colonel Wynter
on the transport to the
Modder River, and was
subsequently assistant to
Inspector- General Sir
Henry H. Settle, on the
lines of communication
throughout South Africa,
traversing all the rail
routes ; Chief of Intelligence
for General Sir H. Settle
on Piceska and Gordonia
campaign to German West
Africa, February to April,
1900; Chief of Intelli-
gence Staff to I/ieutenant-
COLONRL SAMUEL HUGHES, M.p. General Sir Charles Warren
in Griqualand West, and the Bechuanaland campaign from May to July, 1900 ;
commanded Mounted Brigade, and led in the attack on and the capture of
Douglas and Orpen's Heights, when he was mentioned in despatches ; was
engaged in the operations along the Kaap Mountains at Tweefontein,
Knoffelfontein, and Campbell ; commanded the force in the advance into
Bechuanaland ; captured 475 Boers near Kuruman, with immense stock of
transport and ammunition in June, 1900 (despatches) ; was Assistant
294
CANADA
Adjutant-General of the South African Forces in 1899-1900 ; was promoted
to Colonel in 1902, and appointed Railway Intelligence Officer at Head
Quarters in the following year.
He has been President of the Dominion Rifle Association ; was appointed
Chairman on the Board of Visitors, Royal Military College, in 1910 ; and
Railway Intelligence Officer, Quebec Tercentenary Celebration, in 1908.
President, Standing Committee on Small Arms for Canada ; and was present
at the Coronation of King George, in 1911.
Colonel Hughes is a Conservative stalwart, and believes in " one great
Imperial Parliament in which the representatives of England, of Canada,
of India, of Australia, of New Zealand, and South Africa, would meet in
a great Full Partnership Union." In 1891 he unsuccessfully contested
North Victoria in the General Election, but was elected for the same
constituency in the following year ; he has since sat for Victoria and
Haliburton, and was re-elected in 1911, as an opponent of the Taft-Fielding
reciprocity programme, and became Minister of Militia and Defence in the
new Borden Cabinet. He holds high rank in the Orange Order, and is a
Freemason.
Colonel Hughes married, first, Caroline J., daughter of the late Major
Isaac Preston, of Vancouver, British Columbia, and second, Mary E., eldest
daughter of H. W. Burk, Esq., ex-M.P. for West Durham. He is a member
of the Albany Club, Toronto, and of the Canadian, L,aurentian, and Rideau
Clubs, Ottawa ; is a former amateur athlete, and the author of several well-
known educational works.
I-TENRY VICTOR FRANKLIN JONES, ESQ., banker, is a son of the late C. S.
and Helen (Macdougall) Jones, and was born in St. Mary's, Ontario, the
28th September, 1871. His mother was sister to the late Hon. William Mac-
dougall, C.B., one of the " Fathers of Confederation." He entered the service of
the Canadian Bank of Commerce, the isth December, 1887, and after filling
positions at the head office and at New York, was appointed Manager of the
L,ondon (England) branch of the same house. Mr. Jones, who was married, June,
1904, to Bunella, daughter of the late E. W.Rathbun, Esq., of Deseronto, Ontario,
295
LEADING MEN OE THE EMPIRE
is a Presbyterian, and a member
of St. Columba's Church in
London, residing at 7, Grosvenor
Hill, Wimbledon, S.W. He is a
member of the Canada Club, City
Club, Conservative Club and City
Carlton Club, London, and of the
Richmond Country Club, New
York.
T I E U T E X A X T-C O L O X E L
CHARLES TARIEU DE
LAXAUDIERE is the son of the
late Lieutenant- Colonel Charles
B. G. Tarieu de Lanaudiere, in
his lifetime Seigneur of Lavaltrie
and Joliette, Province of Quebec,
Canada, and the last representa-
tive of a family belonging to the
old French noblesse, whose members played an important part in Canadian
history, under both French and English occupation of the country, and
distinguished themselves in the defence of Canada, before and after the
cession of the colony. One of them fought with de Beaujeu at the Battle
of Monongahela against Washington's troops, both he and the former being
buried in their triumph, after a great victory over the latter's army. The
first of the de Lanaudiere family came to Canada in 1672 as a Captain in
the famous regiment of Carignan Salieres, and occupied the post of Governor
of Montreal. Lieutenant-Colonel de Lanaudiere is also a direct descendant
of the famous " Heroine de Vercheres," whose name belongs to the
history of Canada, and his great grandfather, the Hon. Charles Tarieu
de Lanaudiere, Chevalier de St. Louis, after having fought with the
French at Carillon and on the Plains of Abraham, became Aide-de-Camp
to Sir Guy Carlton, afterward Lord Dorchester, Governor of Canada, and
296
Lttlaycttc.
HEXRY VICTOR KRAXKLIN JONES, ESQ.
CANADA
rendered great services to the British
cause during the American war of 1775-
Lieutenant-Colonel de Lanaudiere
was born at the Manor House of Joliette,
Canada, on the loth September, 1862,
and was educated at the Seminary of
Joliette and at the Ottawa College. By
profession he is a barrister, and is un-
married. He entered the 83rd Regiment
of Joliette in 1882 as Lieutenant, and
in IQII, as Major of the regiment, he ac-
companied the contingent to the Coronation
Ceremonies, in command of the " A "
Company of Infantry, and received the
Coronation Medal. He also holds the
Colonial Auxiliary Forces Decoration.
A/TAJOR WILLIAM ROBERT LANG, of the
Canadian Engineers, who accompanied
the Canadian Coronation contingent as Adjutant of Dismounted Troops, has
had a versatile military experience. Appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the
1st Volunteer Lanarkshire Royal Engineers in 1889, he became Captain
in 1896, and Captain in the Imperial Reserve of Officers in the following
year. He has served with various regiments during training, at different
times, with the 1st Cheshire R.E., the ist Battalion Argyll and Suther-
land Highlanders, the 5th Battalion Royal Warwickshire (now the 3rd
Battalion), and with the 4th Battalion North Staffordshire Regiment, and
was Acting Adjutant to the Diamond Jubilee Contingent from the East of
Scotland Volunteer Brigade in 1897. In 1901 he was seconded for service
under the Canadian Government to organize a field company of engineers
of the Active Militia, which he commanded for two consecutive periods
of five years.
LT.-COL. CHARLES TARIEU
DE LANAUDIERE.
297
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
He has occupied the Chair
of Chemistry in the University
of Toronto since igoo, and is a
graduate of Glasgow University,
of which he is a D.Sc. As the
author of various papers on
chemistry and explosives, and a
contributor to the English and
French scientific journals, his
name as a writer is widely known.
TN the brief space available in
this record, it is impossible
to give more than the merest out-
line of the career of THE RIGHT
HONOURABLE SIR WILFRID
MAJOR W. R. I,AXG. T .TmT,,^ /-,/-. m- /-,
LAURIER, G.C.M.G., LL.D., ETC.
The first French-Canadian to hold office as Premier of Canada, he is one
of the most outstanding figures in the recent history of that country, and
has devoted his whole life to the cause of her political and economic
development. Born in Quebec in 1841, the only son of Carolus L,aurier,
P.Iy.S., and Marcella Martineau, he was educated at the famous McGill
University, and was called to the Bar in 1864. In 1871 he entered
Parliament, and three years later became a member of the Federal
Assembly, and subsequently held the Portfolio of Minister of Inland
Revenue in the Mackenzie Ministry of 1877. From that time onward he
led a strenuous Parliamentary life in the Liberal cause, and in 1888, became
leader of his Party.
At the General Election in 1896 his Party was successful, and he
was sworn into office as President of the Privy Council in the same year.
As an orator he took precedence everywhere, and at one time was editor
of Le De/richeur. On the occasion of the Diamond Jubilee, he was
CANADA
welcomed in the Mother
Country in almost regal
manner, and was also
received by the President
of France and the Pope
with unusual honours.
On the resignation
of Sir Charles Tupper in
1896, he became Premier
of Canada, occupying this
position until 1911, when
the Conservative Party,
under the leadership of
his great protagonist,
Robert Laird Borden.
succeeded to office.
HONOURABLE
RICHARD McBRIDE,*
Premier of British
Columbia, was born in THR RIOHT nox. SIR WILFRID I,AURIRR.
the city of New Westminster, B.C., on the i5th December, 1870, and
is the son of the late A. H. McBride, Esq., Warden of the B.C. Penitentiary.
After passing through the public and high schools of his native city,
Mr. McBride took the law course at Dalhousie University, Halifax,
Nova Scotia, and was called to the Bar of British Columbia in 1892.
His first essay in politics was in the Dominion General Election of 1896,
and although unsuccessful then, he was returned for the Riding of
Dewdney in the Election for the Provincial Legislature in 1898. In the
year 1900 he entered the Dunsmuir Cabinet as Minister of Mines, but,
differing from his colleagues on a matter of policy, he resigned from the
Government in the autumn of the next year.
*Now Sir Richard McBride, K.C.M.G
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
THE HON. RICHARD McBRIDE.
In 1902 Mr. McBride was
chosen L,eader of the Opposition
in the Provincial House, and on
the fall of the Prior Government,
became Premier on the ist June,
1903. The introduction of party
lines in Provincial politics followed,
Mr. McBride becoming the head
of the first Conservative Govern-
ment of British Columbia. In
the General Election of October,
1903, he was returned to power,
and again in February, 1907, in
November, 1909, and in March,
1912. Mr. McBride is Senior
Member for the City of Victoria.
He combines with the office of
Premier the duties of Minister of
Mines. He is an lyly.B. of Dal-
housie University, Halifax, Nova
Scotia, and resides in Victoria, B.C.
npHAT CAPTAIN WILLIAM A. McKEE, of the igth Battery, C.F.A., of
Moncton, New Brunswick, who was Adjutant of the Artillery Brigade
of the Canadian Coronation contingent, inherits military tendencies is
scarcely a matter for great surprise. His great-grandfather fought in
the Battle of Waterloo ; a great-uncle served through the Crimean war,
taking part in many engagements; an uncle fought through the Fenian
raid, while his father was for some years lieutenant in an Engineer Corps.
He is a descendant of a United Empire Loyalist who settled in St. John,
New Brunswick, and was the first Indian Commissioner of New Brunswick.
Captain McKee, although a young man, has had considerable experience,
having served for five years as lieutenant in the 82nd Regiment, Abegweit
300
CANADA
Light Infantry ; one year in the
South African war with the 2nd
Canadian Mounted Rifles, and
following this joined the Artillery
as Adjutant for three years of the
4th Brigade C.F.A. He holds an
important appointment on the
Staff of Maintenance of Way and
Structures of the Intercolonial
Railway of Canada, and among
his many other activities finds
time to fulfil the duties of
organist and choir master of the
Central Methodist Church at
Moncton.
CAPTAIN WILLIAM A. McKEE.
(CHARLES A. MAGRATH, ESQ., of Ottawa, is the only son of Bolton Magrath,
Esq., who was for several years assistant in Markree Observatory,
Ireland, and subsequently was employed as Civil Engineer on some of the
early British Railways ; he subsequently emigrated to America in 1855, and
was for many years Inspector of Schools in counties Ottawa and Pontiac.
His only son, the subject of this memoir, was bora at North Augusta,
Ontario, in 1860.
In 1878 he went to the Canadian West, where he became prominently
identified with development work in Southern Alberta, especially in connec-
tion with the Gait irrigation and other enterprises. He sat in the old
North- West Assembly for two terms, and was elected in 1908 as Conservative
Member in the Federal Parliament for Medicine Hat, a constituency which
occupies the entire southern part of Alberta. In 1911, as an opponent
of reciprocity, he was defeated in the General Election, and was appointed in
November of the same year a member of the International Joint Commission,
under the Treaty of 1909, between Great Britain and the United States.
301
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
He married first, in 1887,
Margaret Mair, who died in 1892,
and second, in 1899, Mabel L,. Gait,
daughter of the late Sir A. T.
Gait, G.C.M.G., who was the first
Canadian High Commissioner in
Ivondon.
Mr. Magrath attended their
Majesties' Coronation as one of
the five Conservative representa-
tives from the House of Commons.
He is a member of the Rideau
Club, Ottawa, and the Mount
Royal Club, Montreal.
DICHARD MARPOLK, ESQ., the
CHARI,KS A MAGRATH, I-;so. -^ ,.
present General Executive
Assistant for British Columbia of the Canadian Pacific Railway, was born in
Wales, the 8th October, 1850. He is the son of Richard and Eleanor (Evans)
Marpole, who were also natives of Wales, where his father was for several years
engaged in business and during the later years of his life in agriculture.
Richard Marpole was educated in the common and grammar schools
of Wales and later finished in Glasgow. At the age of eighteen he entered
the railway service, which has been the only occupation that he has ever
followed. His first connection was with English railways, with which he
continued for several years. He then came to Canada and was for some time
in the service of the Northern Railway of Canada. In 1881 he became asso-
ciated with the Canadian Pacific Railway, first as a contractor, and in 1882 he
was appointed a member of the official staff of that company in the capacity
of Assistant Manager of Construction on the Algoma branch and the Nipissing
division of the main line. The next step in the course of his promotion was
when he was made Superintendent of Construction and Operation of the
302
CANADA
Superior Division, and in March, 1886, he was transferred to the Pacific
Division in the same capacity. In 1897 he became General Superintendent
of the Pacific Division, successfully holding that office until 1907. It was in
that year that he was appointed to his present position of responsibility as
General Executive Assistant for British Columbia. He is also Vice-President
of the Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway, having direct charge of its affairs,
including its vast land and timber interests. Thus, step by step, he has
advanced, the recognition of his
ability bringing him larger res-
ponsibilities in more arduous
positions until he is to-day a
most prominent figure in rail-
way circles of Canada and
especially in British Columbia,
which has now been his home
for nearly thirty years.
Mr. Marpole has a unique
position in the history of the
Canadian Pacific Railway Com-
pany. In addition to being one
of the oldest officials still in the
service, he had charge, as Super-
intendent of Construction and
Operation, of the Lake Superior
Division, five hundred miles,
when the first passenger trains
were run through from Winnipeg to Montreal and vice versa. This was
in 1885. He occupied the same position on the Pacific Division in July,
1886, when the first train was run through from Montreal to Port Moody.
He prepared the first time-tables using the twenty-four hour system in America,
which were used on that occasion. He also had the honour of laying the
track, joining the rails and driving the last spike on the Lake Superior Division
in the spring of 1885, joining the main line between Montreal and Winnipeg.
RICHARD MARI'OU
KSQ.
303
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
That winter he handled the troops for the Riel Rebellion over that section,
including by team the eighty -six miles of a break between the rail ends. It
is a noticeable fact in his career that whatever he has undertaken he has
carried forward to completion, and that obstacles and difficulties in his path
seemed but to serve as an impetus for renewed effort. He has been and is
still an important factor, through his operations in railway development,
in the growth and upbuilding of this great Province. He has studied the
country and its conditions from many view-points and has advocated the
extension of railways into those sections the rich natural resources of which
constitute a promising field for labour and for settlement. All this has brought
him wide knowledge concerning Canada and particularly of the West.
Apart from his important business activities, which have constituted
so valuable a factor in the settlement and improvement of the great West, he
has done much active work along lines that promote general welfare
and public progress. He was the first President of the Anti-Tuberculosis
Society of British Columbia, and his efforts in that direction were of value,
and altogether his life work had been of signal serviceableness to mankind.
Mr. Marpole had three sons by his first wife, who was a native of
Cornwall, England. In 1905 he married Anna Isobel Holmes, a daughter
of Colonel Holmes, of Victoria, formerly district Officer Commanding the
British Columbia Military District. Mr. and Mrs. Marpole reside in a
beautiful home on Shaughnessy Heights. He holds membership in the
Union Club of Victoria, the Vancouver Club, and is the president of the
Shaughnessy Heights Golf Club with its five hundred members.
HTHE HONOURABLE SIR WILLIAM RALPH MEREDITH, Chief Justice
of Ontario, is the eldest son of the late John Cooke Meredith,
Esq., B.A., of Trinity College, Dublin, and his wife Sarah (Pegler)
Meredith, of Ontario, and one of several brothers holding high
positions in legal and financial circles. He was born the 3ist March, 1840, in
Westminster, Co. Middlesex, Ontario, and was educated there, at the L,ondon
District Grammar School, and at Toronto University (L-L..B., 1872, IX-D.
(Hon.), 1889). Called to the Bar in 1861, he successfully practised his
3«4
CANADA
profession, first at London (Ont.), and then at Toronto. He became one of
the leaders of the Provincial Bar, was made City Solicitor and elected a
Bencher of the Law Society, and took silk as O.C. (Ontario) in 1875.
In 1888 he was made an honorary member of the Law Faculty of Toronto Uni-
versity, of which he has been Chancellor since 1900. Removing to Toronto
he was appointed Corporation Counsel and head of the city legal depart-
ment, and specially distinguished himself in many important cases both
criminal and civil. He was first
elected to the Legislature in
1872, succeeding Sir John Carling
in the representation of London.
He soon became a power in the
House, and was known as a
consistent advocate of measures
for the benefit of the working
classes. In 1878 he was elected
leader of the Opposition, and
in that capacity played a con-
spicuous part in the heated
debates which took place over
the claims of the Dominion
against those of the Province
on the boundary questions. In
1883 his friends in the Legis-
lature presented him with a
THR HOX. SIR \VIUJA3I RALPH MICRIvDITH.
handsome testimonial in ac-
knowledgment of his eminent public services, while a more signal tribute was
paid by the Government itself in making provision for a salary of 2,000
dollars to him as leader of the Opposition, which he declined. On the 5th
October, 1894, he was raised to the Bench as Chief Justice of the Common
Pleas, High Court of Justice of Ontario. Two years later he sat on the Royal
Commission of investigation into the affairs of Toronto University, and in
1910 he was named as a Commissioner to report upon the laws providing
u 305
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
for employees' compensation for injuries as in force in other countries.
Among other important positions he was called upon to fill was that of
President of the South African Memorial Association, and here it may be
mentioned that he, as a young man, served for some years as an officer in
the London Light Infantry, and was appointed to his present position, Chief
Justice of Ontario, in 1912.
Sir William, who received the honour of knighthood in 1896, was
married in 1862 to a daughter of Marcus Holmes, Esq., of London, Ontario.
Sir William and Lady Meredith reside at 41, Binscarth Road, Toronto.
E RIGHT REV. WILLIAM
LENNOX MILLS, D.D.,
LL.U., D.C.L., Lord Bishop of
Ontario, son of the late William
Mills, Esq., of Toronto, was born
in Woodstock, Ontario, educated
at the Grammar School there,
and at the Western University,
where he graduated in 1872.
He pursued his theological
studies at Trinity University,
Toronto, where he took his B.D.
degree by examination in 1882,
and D.D., 1894. Was ordained
Deacon, 1872 ; Priest, 1873 ;
(i) Incumbent of Norwich,
Ontario; (2) Rector of Sea-
forth ; (3) Rector of the Crown
Rectory of St. John's, P.Q. ; (4) Rector of Trinity Church, Montreal;
Canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal, 1883; Examining Chaplain
to the Bishop of Montreal, 1885. Lecturer in Old Testament Exegesis
in the Montreal Diocesan Theological College, in affiliation with
McGill University, from 1881 to 1895, afterwards Lecturer in Ecclesiastical
306
THE RIGHT REV. WILLIAM LENXOX MILLS,
LORD BISHOP .OF ONTARIO.
CANADA
History. Appointed Archdeacon of St. Andrew's, Diocese of Montreal, in
1896.
He married, in 1886, Katharine Sophia, daughter of the late
Stanley Clarke Bagge, Esq., of Montreal, and has issue one son, Arthur
Lennox Stanley, B.A., of Queen's University, Kingston, and of Oxford
University, England.
Elected Bishop of Ontario, 1900 ; Consecrated on All Saints' Day,
1900. Residence, Bishop's Court, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
IV/f AJOR JOHN DOUGLAS
HOODIE, of the Royal
North- West Mounted Police, was
born in Edinburgh, the 2ist
November, 1849, the son °f George
Moodie, Esq., of Cocklaw, Fife,
Scotland. He was educated in
the Scottish capital, and going
out to Canada, joined, in 1885,
the Royal North- West Mounted
Police, of which he was made
Superintendent in 1903. One
notable service of that period
deserves to be recorded. He
was sent with a small party of
police to discover an overland
route from Edmonton through
the North-West to the Yukon, which he accomplished after an arduous
journey of fourteen months in 1897. He served with the 2nd Battalion
Canadian Mounted Rifles in the South African war, 1899-1900, and though
severely wounded, remained with his battalion to the close of the campaign
in 1902. For his services he was awarded the S.A. medal and promoted
to the rank of Major in the Imperial Service. Later, accompanied by his
wife, he spent between six and seven years in the Hudson Bay district, as
MAJOR JOHN DOUGLAS MOODIIv.
3°7
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Commander of the Royal North-West Mounted Police, with jurisdiction
within all the Territories, Districts and Provisional Districts of Canada outside
those contained in and forming part of any of the Provinces of the Dominion
of Canada, his commission being dated August isth, 1903. vSeven years
later, in the August of 1910, he accompanied Earl Grey in his official visit
to Hudson Bay, and is now Commanding Officer of the R.N.W.M.P. in
the Yukon Territory, with address care of R.N.W.M. Police Office, Ottawa.
Major Moodie was married in
1878 to Geraldine, daughter of
the late C. T. Fitz-Gibbon, Esq.,
barrister, of Toronto, and a
granddaughter of Major J. W. D.
Moodie and Susanna Moodie,
sister of Agnes Strickland, the
well-known author of the
"Queens of England " and other
famous historical works.
HPHE RIGHT HONOURABLE
SIR EDWARD MORRIS,
P.C., K.C., LL.D., the present
Prime Minister of Newfoundland,
was born in St. John's, New-
foundland, on the 8th May, 1859.
Educated at St. Bonaventure's
College, St. John's, and at Ottawa University, he was called to the Newfound-
land Bar in 1885, and in the same year he was returned to Parliament for
his native town, a seat which he has continuously held up to the present time.
He was a member of Sir William Whiteway's Cabinet from 1889-97, and was
representative at the Ottawa Conference of 1895 to discuss Confederation
terms for the entry of Newfoundland into the Dominion of Canada, and was
on two occasions chosen as Delegate to the Colonial Office on the French Shore
question and other matters. During 1898-1900 he was leader of the Independ-
308
r.inoit f-
THE RIGHT HON. SIR KD\VARD MORRIS.
P.O., K.C., I, L.I).
CANADA
ent Party, and in. igoi took a seat in the Cabinet under Premier Bond. He
subsequently led the People's Party in the General Election of 1908, and in
the following year was called upon by Sir William MacGregor to form a
ministry.
At the Imperial Defence Conference at London in 1909 he attended as
representative of Newfoundland and was counsel with others in the arbitration
of the North Atlantic Fisheries question at the Hague in 1910. In the same
year he successfully raised a large loan in London for railway construction,
on the best terms ever obtained for the Colony.
He represented his Colony at the Coronation, when he was sworn by
His Majesty as a Member of The Privy Council. He was also honoured
with the freedom of the cities of Edinburgh, Bristol and Glasgow, and
received the degree of 1,1,. D. from the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge,
Glasgow, and Edinburgh. He is author of the Newfoundland Law Reports
from 1800-1907, popularly known as "Morris's Reports."
Sir Edward Morris married in 1901, Isabel Langrishe, daughter of the
late Rev. William Le Gallais, and resides at Rennie's Mill Road, St. John's.
HpHE HONOURABLE GEORGE H.
MURRAY was born in Grand
Narrows, Cape Breton County, in 1861.
He was educated in the Nova Scotia
common schools and at the University
of Boston. He graduated in law in
1883, and practised his profession at
North Sydney, Cape Breton. In 1889
he was appointed to a seat in the
Legislative Council. In 1891 he became
a member of the Executive Council, the
Hon. W. S. Fielding being Premier, and
when, in 1896, Mr. Fielding entered the
Dominion Government, Mr. Murray suc-
ceeded him as Premier of Nova Scotia.
THIi HON. GIvORGK H. MURRAY.
309
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
He represents Victoria County in the Provincial Legislature, and has
successively won four general elections since assuming office.
Mr. Murray has established a first-class College of Agriculture at Truro,
which is now the centre of modern agricultural education in the Maritime
Provinces. He has inaugurated a complete system of Technical Education
for industrial workers and tradesmen, culminating in the establishment of a
Technical College at Halifax — the first State-owned institution of its kind in
America. He has also provided a splendidly equipped Sanatorium for the
treatment of tuberculosis, at Kentville, and has taken measures to educate the
people in the proper methods for the prevention of the spread of the disease.
Over 400 miles of railway have been built within the Province under his direc-
tion, including a line along the south-western shore from Halifax to Yarmouth,
that could not have been constructed but for generous Government subven-
tions. He is keenly interested in and has provided liberally for general educa-
tion, for compensation to workmen, for increasing provincial immigration, for
the establishment of new industries, particularly those dependent on the
abundant mineral resources of the Province for their raw material. In all
matters that relate to the betterment of the conditions of the sick, the afflicted
and the helpless members of the community, the legislation he has introduced
has been eminently wise and progressive, and his temperance reform enact-
ments have been radical and most advanced.
Mr. Murray is a man of judicial temperament, sound judgment, broad
views and an inflexible integrity. He has made a record which is appreciated
by all friends of good government and progressive administration.
t^DSON L. PEASE, ESQ., a distinguished member of the banking profession
in Canada, was born in Couteau Landing, Province of Quebec, and
educated there. He entered the service of the Bank of Commerce, Montreal,
in 1874, and in 1883 joined the Merchants' Bank of Halifax — merged later in
the Royal Bank of Canada — as accountant. He removed to Montreal in
1887, and became successively Branch Manager and Assistant General Manager,
and in 1900 General Manager of the bank, of which he was elected later as
Vice-President. He is also a Director of the Montreal Trust Company, the
310
CANADA
London and Lancashire Life
Assurance Company, the Cana-
dian Car Company, and other
commercial and financial asso-
ciations. Mr. Pease, who resides
at 718, Sherbrooke Street, W.,
Montreal, is a member of the
Mount Royal, St. James's,
Canada, Auto, Montreal Jockey,
and St. George Snowshoe Clubs.
CIR HENRY MILL PELLATT,
C.V.O., D.C.L., a native of
Toronto, was born in 1860. He
is a son of Henry Pellatt, Esq.,
who, on crossing the Atlantic
from England to Canada, became
a resident of Toronto, and in due course of time figured prominently
in the financial world as the senior partner of the famous stockbroking
firm of Messrs. Pellatt & Osier, his associate in business being E. B. Osier,
Esq., Member of Parliament for West Toronto, the well-known Canadian
capitalist.
Henry Mill Pellatt was educated in Upper Canada College, and received
his business training under his father's direction, entering the office and
becoming thoroughly familiar with stockbrokerage business in principle
and detail. Upon the dissolution of the firm of Messrs. Pellatt & Osier in 1882,
he was admitted to a partnership by his father under the firm's name of Messrs.
Pellatt & Pellatt, which style has since been continued, although since the
retirement of his father in 1891, Mr. Norman Macrae has been the associate of
Sir Henry in the conduct of the business. Since becoming a partner he has
closely concentrated his energies upon the enlargement of the business, and
has become recognised as one of the distinguished financiers of the Dominion
EDSON L. PEASE, ESQ.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
— a position which he has earned by his untiring industry, his intellectual
vigour and natural financial acumen.
A man of resourceful ability and keen recognition of opportunity,
he has not confined his attention alone to brokerage business, but has
extended his efforts in connection with some of the most important financial
enterprises of the country — enterprises which have profited by his sound
judgment, wise counsel and excellent executive force. He it was who accom-
plished the plan of bringing power from Niagara Falls to the City of Toronto
for use for street railway purposes and for lighting the streets and houses of
the citizens, and he became Pre-
sident of the Companies formed
for that purpose, the Electrical
Development Company, and the
Toronto and Niagara Power
Company. He is also President
of the Toronto Electric Light
Company, and is on the direc-
torate of a number of other
important Canadian enterprises.
In an analysation of his
character and life work, he has
proved himself possessed, not
only of superior business force
and ability, but also of that
kindlier spirit which recognises
man's obligations to his fellow-
men, and which seeks outlet in
tangible results that are a means
of amelioration of the hard conditions of life which some members of the
human family must face. He is not only generous, but even prodigal in his
gifts to education and charitable institutions, and in 1901, entirely at his own
expense, he built and equipped for Grace Hospital a new wing, containing an
operating room with all modern appliances. He holds a seat on the Board of
SIR HENRY MILL PELLATT, C.V.O., P.C.L.
312
CANADA
the Trustees of Trinity University as Financial Director, and to that institution
his benefactions have been most liberal. Many other educational projects
have received his substantial support and encouragement, and he is accounted
one of the most public-spirited citizens of Toronto, withholding his co-operation
from no measure, movement or plan that is intended for the upbuilding and
benefit of the city.
A man of attractive social qualities, he has many friends, whom he
has drawn around him by reason of congeniality of taste and temperament.
He has been one of the foremost men in Canada to encourage every description
of manly, outdoor sports, games and pastimes. He himself is a fine practical
sportsman. As a youth he was an expert at many games and forms of
athletics, and was the American amateur champion runner at a mile, having
won that much-coveted record in a competition held in New York City
against all contestants on the American continent. He is an enthusiastic
yachtsman and fisherman, and is also one of the most ardent supporters of
horticulture in Toronto. His conservatories and splendid flower gardens
at his residence at Casa L,oma enable him to gratify his experienced tastes
in this pursuit, his fruit and flowers gaining prizes wherever exhibited.
Sir Henry Pellatt is, moreover, a prominent figure in military circles.
In his youth he became a private of the Queen's Own Rifles, the largest
Volunteer corps in the Dominion, and with this regiment he has since been
associated, retiring but recently with the rank of Colonel, as a result of suc-
cessive promotions which have eventually gained him the position of
Commandant. He is now Brigadier in Command of the 6th Infantry Brigade.
In 1897, when holding the rank of Major, he commanded a section of the
Canadian Contingent which visited England in that year on the occasion of
the Queen's Jubilee, and he received the command of the Canadian Contingent
on the Coronation of King Edward, and took with him then, at his own
expense, the Queen's Own Bugle Band, as a unique and attractive feature
in the English pageant. Through his efforts the Queen's Own Rifles has been
enlarged, and is now divided into two Battalions, Nos. i and 2, which gives
it pre-eminence in the Militia of Canada.
Upon the appointment of I/ord Grey as Governor-General of Canada,
313
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Colonel Pellatt was made A.D.C. to His Excellency. He was knighted in
November, 1905, by His Majesty King Edward, receiving the title of Knight
Bachelor for his prominent services to the Militia in Canada, for his successful
promotion of important Canadian enterprises and industries, and for his
active support of and co-operation in Imperial objects.
In IQIO, his broad outlook showed him a way of promoting his strong
Imperialistic ideas, and at his own expense, which must have been very
heavy, he took his regiment, the Queen's Own Rifles, consisting of over 600
men, to England to take part in the manoeuvres of the British Army at
Aldershot. While there he was sent for by the King to Balmoral Castle and
received from him the distinction of Commander of the Victorian Order.
Sir Henry and Lady Pellatt were present at the Coronation of King
George V. in Westminster Abbey, and Sir Henry received an appointment
for special military duty in the grand Procession on the day following.
In November, 1911, he was appointed A.D.C. to H.R.H. The Duke of
Connaught, Governor-General of Canada, and in the following year the
degree of D.C.L. was conferred upon him by the University of King's College,
Windsor, Nova Scotia.
Sir Henry Pellatt is President of the Toronto Electric Light Company, the
Electrical Development Company, the Toronto and Niagara Power Company,
the British and Colonial Land and Securities Company, the British Canadian
Shipbuilding and Dock Company, the Steel and Radiation Company ; and Vice-
President of the Toronto Power Company ; a Director of the Toronto Railway
Company, the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company, the Dominion
Steel Corporation, the Twin City Rapid Transit Company, the British Columbia
Packers Association, the Sao Paula Tramway, Light and Power Company, and
of the Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company, Limited, etc., etc.
In the year 1887 he married Mary Dodgson, only daughter of
John Dodgson, Esq., of Cumberland, England, by whom he has one son,
Reginald Pellatt. A man of broad sympathies, cosmopolitan ideas, and
notable business sagacity, Sir Henry Pellatt is entitled to a foremost place,
in this age of intellectual energy, among the prominent leaders of thought
and enterprise in the Dominion.
314
CANADA
T IEUTENANT-COLONEL THE HONOURABLE JOSEPH PAXTALEON
PELLETIER was born in Riviere Ouelle, Quebec, the 27th July, 1860, the
son of Joseph and Henriette (Martin) Pelletier. Educated at the College of
Ste. Anne-de-la-Pocatiere, and trained for the medical profession at Laval
University, Quebec, the New York Polytechnic, and at Paris, he received his
degree as doctor of medicine in 1887, and practised in vSherbrooke, Province of
Quebec, for the twenty-four years 1887-1911. On the outbreak of the North-
West rebellion in 1885, he
volunteered for service, and did
duty as a Lieutenant in the
Students' Company of the Qth
Quebec Battalion (medical) . He
was for ten years medical officer
of the nth Hussars, and in 1908
himself organised an infantry
regiment in Sherbrooke City,
and had command of it until
his removal to England. From
1890 to 1900 he filled the
position of Coroner for the
St. Francis district, resigning
on his election to the Provin-
cial Legislature as represen-
tative for Sherbrooke Co. He
stood three times for election,
on the last two occasions being
returned by acclamation. In 1908 he was chosen Speaker of the Legislative
Assembly in the Government of Sir Lomer Gouin, by whom he was
appointed in 1911 Agent-General for his Province in England and the
British Isles, with office in London.
Lieutenant-Colonel Pelletier married, first, in January, 1888, Mile.
Alice Hudon, who died in 1910; and, second, Mme. Joseph Boivin (born
Cecile Belleau) of Quebec. He is a member of the Garrison Club, Quebec,
IJEUT.-COL. THE HON. JOSEPH PANTALEON
315
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
the British Empire League, the London Chamber of Commerce (Canadian
Branch), the Royal Colonial Institute, the Franco-British Travel Union,
and the Royal Automobile Club.
HONOURABLE LOUIS PHILIPPE PELLETIER, M.P. for Quebec County,
who has succeeded the Hon. Dr. H. S. Beland as Postmaster-General of
the Dominion, is the descendant of
ancestors who emigrated from
Brittany. He is the son of the
^^^^ Hon. Thomas P. Pelletier, a mem-
t ^ *X ber of the Legislative Council of
the Province of Quebec, and was
/^IIJK 0£ born at Trois-Pistoles in 1857. He
was educated at the College of St.
"^JL Anne, where he took the Prince
^ of Wales' prize in 1876, and
passed on to Laval University,
where, in 1880, he won the gold
medal presented by the Marquis
of Lome. In the latter year he
was called to the Bar, and prac-
tised in the city of Quebec up to
the time of his entry into the
Cabinet of the Hon. R. L. Borden.
He was created a Queen's Counsel
in 1893.
Mr. Pelletier first entered the political arena as an unsuccessful candidate
at the Provincial General Election of 1886, and at the Dominion Election
in the following year. In 1891, he was appointed Provincial Secretary
by Mr. de Boucherville, then Premier of Quebec, and held the position
of Attorney-General for his native Province in the Cabinets of Mr. Flynn
and Mr. L- O. Taillon. Mr. Pelletier is a ready and forcible debater, and
in the position of Postmaster-General of the Dominion finds ample scope
TIIE HON. LOUIS PHILIPPE PRLLETIER.
316
CANADA
for his abilities as an administrator in one of the most rapidly extending
public services in the Dominion.
DICHARD REID, ESQ., Agent-General for Ontario, was born in Millbank,
Ontario, in 1863, the son of James Reid, Esq., a native of County
Down, Ireland (one of the pioneers of Perth County, Ontario), and Esther
Smithson, of Yorkshire, England. Educated privately and at the Collegiate
Institute, St. Catharine's, and
trained for the profession of
teaching at the Normal College,
Ottawa, he became headmaster
of the Berlin (Ontario) Public
School, and Chairman of the
Board of Education. During
his scholastic career he initiated
many useful educational re-
forms, and was elected President
of the Teachers' Association of
the Province. An earnest
advocate of the scientific side
of agriculture, he carried his
theories into practice on his
dairy farm, which was one
of the best equipped in the
Province. A frequent contri-
butor to the agricultural press,
on dairying and allied industries, he did effective work in raising the standard
of all pure-bred stock. He was instrumental in establishing the Canadian
Jersey Cattle Club, of which he was Secretary-Treasurer from the time
of its formation until his appointment as Agent-General. He took an
active part in the establishment of the National Record Board by which
the Canadian Government now registers all pure-bred live stock. He is
an expert judge of dairy cattle, and in that capacity has officiated at the
RICHARD REID, KSQ.
317
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
leading exhibitions throughout North America. Always actively interested
in politics, he was for over eight years President of the Conservative Associa-
tion of his Riding. In 1908 he opposed unsuccessfully the Hon. W. L. Mac-
kenzie King, Minister of Labour in the Dominion Cabinet, and twice since has
refused the unanimous nomination. He has been called " a political guide
who is frequently consulted by political leaders." President of the Canadian
Club, Berlin, a director of the Rural Publishing Company, Peterboro, and
interested in some of the leading financial institutions of the Province, he was
reluctant to undertake the position of Agent-General for Ontario, as his
numerous interests required his presence in the Province, but he acceded to
the request of the Prime Minister and the Minister of Agriculture, and accepted
office. In a public speech the Minister of Agriculture said, "It is a case
of the position seeking the man, not the man the position. The Government
is fortunate in securing his services."
In 1886 he married Alice Woodsend, of Nottingham, England, who
died in 1904, by whom he has five sons and one daughter ; in 1913 he married,
second, Alice Mulholland, of Toronto. He is a member of the Royal
Automobile Club ; the Berlin Club, of Berlin ; the British Empire league ;
the London Chamber of Commerce, and is a brilliant and effective public
speaker.
T IEUTENANT-COLONEL EDWARD MICHAEL RENOUF, who commanded
the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery and Canadian Field and
Heavy Artillery at the Coronation of His Majesty, was born on the
gth April, 1860, in St. John's, Newfoundland, and is the eldest son
of the late Edward Renouf, Esq., and Christiana Reade, of St. John's.
He was educated at the Church of England Academy, and at the Fielding
College there, and received his early military training at the Royal School
of Artillery, in Quebec. He left Newfoundland in 1880 for Montreal, and
was appointed Lieutenant in the 2nd Montreal Heavy Brigade, Canadian
Garrison Artillery,, in 1896 ; was promoted to Captain in 1898, Major in
1902, and Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the Brigade on the I5th May, 1906.
318
CANADA
He was the representative of the Canadian Artillery Association in
England dxiring the competitions between the National Artillery of
Great Britain and the Canadian Artillery Association teams, which
took place on Salisbury Plain, and at Lydd, and Cliff End, Isle of
Wight, in August and September, 1911. He was Vice-President of the
Canadian Artillery Association from 1907 till 1910 ; Chairman of
Council, 1910-11, and President
in 1911-12, and is Councillor of
the Montreal Boy Scouts.
In his professional capacity,
Colonel Renouf is the head of the
Renouf Publishing Company, of
Montreal, and is well known in
London as the representative in
Canada of the London publishing
firms of Messrs. Longmans, Green
& Co., and Messrs. George Philip
& Sons, Limited, and of Messrs.
John Wiley & Sons, Technical
Publishers, of New York. He is
a Justice of the Peace and Presi-
dent of the Newfoundland Society
of Montreal. He married Edith
Outram, eldest daughter of the
late Charles Edward Saunderson,
Esq., and cousin of the late
General Sir James Outram, G.C.B.,
of Indian Mutiny fame, and has
one son living, Edward Trudeau,
and one son deceased. His Montreal residence is at 718, Pine Avenue
West, and he has a country seat, The Echoes, at Ste. Agathe des
Monts, Province of Quebec, and is a member of the Engineers and of
the Canadian Clubs in Montreal.
WKUT.-COL. EDWARD MICHAFJ, RKXOUP.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
tTIS HONOUR THE HONOURABLE BENJAMIN ROGERS, Lieutenant-
Governor of Prince Edward Island, is of Welsh origin. The son
of the late Joseph and Margaret Rogers, he was born in Bedeque, in
Prince Edward Island, the 7th August, 1837, and was educated there. He had
a long and honourable career as a general merchant and exporter, and filled
with distinction many important positions — Postmaster, Commissioner of
the Small Debt Court, Justice of the Peace, Notary Public, and appraiser
under the Railway Act. He
was a Member of the legisla-
tive Council of Prince Edward
Island from 1878 to 1893, and
from 1891 to 1893 held office
as President of the Legislative
Council. He represented Prince,
first district (local), from 1900 to
1904, and served as Commis-
sioner of Agriculture and Pro-
vincial Secretary-Treasurer of
the island for the same term.
In 1909 lie was appointed a
member of the Royal Conser-
vation Commission, and on the
ist June, 1910, he was made
Lieutenant-Governor of the
Province. Mr. Rogers, who is
a Presbyterian by persuasion,
has been twice married. His first wife was Susanna Abell, third daughter
of Captain William Hubbard, of Tignish, P.E.I., and upon her decease he
was wedded in December, 1898, to Annie M., daughter of the late James
Hunter, Esq., of Kilmahumaig, Alberton. His official address is Government
House, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, and he has a residence,
Kirkside, at Alberton, in the same Province. Mr. Rogers is highly esteemed
in the Province as one who has stood for the right in moral and social
HIS HONOUR THE HON. BENJAJilN ROGERS.
320
CANADA
affairs, and who does honour to the public life of the Dominion. It is said
of him that he is opposed to extravagant military expenditure, and also
to the expulsion of immigrants because of their distinctive nationality,
also that he favours the election of Senators every ten years by a ballot
of owners of real estate valued at 3,000 dollars and over.
'"pHE HONOURABLE WALTER
SCOTT, Canadian statesman,
is of Scotch-Canadian parentage,
and was born in London, Co.
Middlesex, Ontario, the son of George
and Isabella (Telfer) Scott, the
27th October, 1867. Educated at the
public schools, he became a practical
printer, and in 1892-93 he was a
partner in the Standard, Regina, and
for the two following years proprietor
and editor of the Times, Moose Jaw,
Saskatchewan. In 1895 he pur-
chased the Leader, Regina, from its
founder, the late Nicholas Davin,
Esq., and edited and managed it till
1900. He ceased active press connec-
tion in 1906, but in 1899 he was Pre-
sident of the Western Canada Press
Association, and in King George's
Coronation Year he became Pre H,
sident of the Moose Jaw Times
Publishing Association. In 1900 and 1904 he was elected to the House of
Commons for Assiniboia West, resigning the seat in 1905. He took part in the
negotiations for and the passage of Acts creating the Provinces of Alberta and
Saskatchewan, and was called upon to form the first Saskatchewan Administra-
tion, the 5th September, 1905, in which he filled the offices of President of the
THIv HOX. WALTKK SCOTT.
W
321
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Council and Commissioner of Public Works, and it was claimed for him that
he was the youngest leader of a Government in Canada. His administration
was sustained in general elections held in 1905, 1908 and 1912.*
In 1890 Mr. Scott married Jessie Florence Read, daughter of the late
E. B. Read, Esq., Postmaster, Regina. In 1908 and again in 1910 he paid an
extensive visit to Europe and the East, and he was present at the Coronation
of King George and Queen Mary, and had the honour of being presented to
their Majesties. Mr. Scott is a mem-
ber of the Presbyterian Church. He
resides at 2043, L,orne Street, Regina,
Saskatchewan.
CIR THOMAS SHAUGHNESSY,
K.C.V.O., the Canadian railway
magnate, is a son of the late Thomas
Shaughnessy, Esq., a native of Ire-
land, and was born on Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, in 1853. He commenced
his railway career on the Milwaukee
and St. Paul Railway in 1869, and in
1882 joined the service of the Canadian
Pacific Railway, of which great enter-
prise he became Assistant General
Manager in 1885, Vice-President and
Director in 1891, and since June, 1898,
he has been President of the Company.
He is also Vice-President and Director
of the Duluth, South Shore and
Atlantic Railway, the Toronto, Hamil-
ton and Buffalo Railway, and the
SIR THOMAS SHAUGHXESSY, K.C.V.O.,
PRESIDENT OF TIM: CANADIAN' PACIFIC RAILWAY.
*On 1he Cabinet rearrangement in 1912, Mr. Scott relinquished the Public Works
portfolio and was appointed Minister of Educalion.
322
CANADA
British Columbia Southern Railway ; President of the Montreal and Western
Railway and Summerland Development Company, and is associated with a
number of other large commercial undertakings. One of the ablest men in
Canada, Sir Thomas Shaughnessy has been called the " king of railway
presidents."
Knighted by King Edward in 1901, he became K.C.V.O. in 1907, and in
1911 was elected President of the King Edward Memorial Committee at
Montreal, and is an Hon. D.C.L. of Trinity College, Dublin.
Sir Thomas Shaughnessy married, in 1880, Elizabeth Bridget, daughter
of N. Nagle, Esq., of Milwaukee, and in addition to his home in Dorchester
Street West, Montreal, has a residence at Fort Tipperary, St. Andrews,
New Brunswick.
HPHOMAS WILLIAM SHEFFIELD, ESQ., F.R.C.I., Commissioner of Regina,
Canada, is the son of the late G. H. Sheffield, Esq., architect, of Derby.
He was educated at Derby Gram-
mar School. He subsequently
joined the firm of Messrs. Laird
Brothers, Shipbuilders, Birken-
head, where, after carrying out
many important projects, he pro-
ceeded to South Africa, acting as
Marine Superintendent of Messrs.
Short's Works in Durban. In
1901 he was appointed District
Manager to the British Tomson-
Houston Co., which position he
held for several years. In 1906
he went out to Canada, and
became Industrial Commissioner
for Regina, in which capacity he
was eminently successful in
bringing out a system of Select THOMAS WILLIAM SHEFFIELD, ESQ., F.R.C.I.
323
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Immigration for British subjects, which received the endorsement of Sir
Wilfrid Laurier and the Hon. R. L,. Borden.
Mr. Sheffield has recently established a Canadian Information and
Development Bureau in this country, his experience as Industrial Com-
missioner of Regina and his knowledge of industrial conditions in all parts
of Canada having convinced him of the great part which the middle classes
of this country are destined to play in Canada's upbuilding, as supplying
the brain and backbone of the institutions which give England her fame
throughout the world. In order to assist in this work he has edited a British
publication entitled, " Canada for the Industrious Millions of Great Britain,"
in which volume are indicated the opportunities where a good start may be
made in practically any place in the Dominion, or in any calling or trade.
Mr. Sheffield is well known
throughout Canada for the great
interest he took in furthering
the objects of the Royal Life-
Saving Society, in recognition of
which he was recently elected
Honorary Ljfe Member, .and fol-
lowing that was made Honorary
Life Member of the British
Columbia Branch in Canada.
HPHE HONOURABLE ARTHUR
LEWIS SIETON, M.A.,
LL.B., D.C.L., K.C., Premier of
Alberta, was born on the 26th
October, 1858, son of the late
Hon. John W. Sifton, Ex-Speaker
T^ Dover street sMi*. of the Manitoba Assembly, and
THE HON. ARTHUR LEWIS SIFTON.
Kate Sifton. He married in
1882, Mary H. Deering, and has one son and one daughter. He was
educated at Wesley College, Winnipeg, and Victoria University, Coburg,
324
CANADA
and was called to the Bar, Manitoba, in 1883, where he practised for some years.
He was first elected to the North- West Assembly in 1898. On his re-election
in 1901 he was appointed Commissioner of Public Works and Treasurer in the
Government of the North- West Territories. In 1901 he became K.C., and in
1903 was elected Chief Justice of the North- West Territories, and in 1905,
when the Province of Alberta was established, became Chief Justice of Alberta.
On the 26th May, 1910, he resigned from that office to become Premier
of Alberta, forming a new Provincial Cabinet. He held the portfolios of
Public Works and Treasury from May, 1910 to 1913, resigning these to
become Minister of Railways and Telephones.
Address, Garrykennagh, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Clubs, Ranch-
men's, Calgary ; the Edmonton, Edmonton.
'"THE RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR DONALD ALEXANDER SMITH, P.C.,
G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O., first LORD STRATHCONA and Mount Royal, is really
and truly describable as the "Grand Old Man" of Canada. No one has done more
to advance the best interests and true welfare of the Dominion and its people.
Born at Forres, Morayshire, Scotland, the 6th August, 1820, and educated locally,
he very nearly entered the Manchester house of his kinsmen, the Grants, the
originals, it is said, of the " Cheeryble brothers," but his uncle, John Stewart,
a notable fur trader, obtained for him a junior clerkship in the service of the
Hudson Bay Company, and in his eighteenth year his lifelong identification with
British North America began. Going out in 1838, he spent thirteen years on
the bleak and inhospitable coast of Labrador, where he heard from home only
once or twice a year ; and ten on the shores of Hudson Bay. Promoted
from step to step he at the age of forty-eight became chief executive officer of
the company at Montreal, a position he held for many years. He first came
into prominence in connection with Louis Riel's insurrection at the Red
River settlement in 1869. In the December of this year he was appointed
a Special Commissioner of the Dominion Government to enquire into the
circumstances of the outbreak, and his personal courage, great tact, prudence
and general ability in dealing with a most delicate situation were crowned
with conspicuous success, and he was accorded the thanks of the Governor-
325
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
General in Council. In the following year, after the organisation of the
Province of Manitoba, he was returned to the Legislature for Winnipeg and
St. John, and also called to the North- West Territorial Council and returned
to the House of Commons as member for Selkirk. In April, 1896, he retired
altogether from political life on being appointed to represent the Dominion
in London as High Commissioner, an office he has retained to the present
time, and in the same
month he was sworn of
the Privy Council. Most
memorable of all his work
in Canada was the part he
took in the establishment
of the Canadian Pacific
Railway. It has been well
said that the story of how
he and his cousin, George
Stephen (Lord Mount
Stephen), took up an old
abandoned railway on the
American side of the
border, and turned a dream
into a reality which culmin-
ated in the driving of the
last spike of the Canadian
Pacific Railway by Donald
u'-.yatt. Smith himself in November,
THE RIGHT HON. SIR DONALD ALEXANDER SMITH,
P.C.. G.C.M.G., G.C.Y.O. 1885, is one of the most
wonderful in Colonial history. Sir Charles Tupper bore testimony in
1897 that " the Canadian Pacific Railway would have no existence
to-day, notwithstanding all that the Government did to support the
undertaking, had it not been for the indomitable pluck and energy
and determination, both financially and in every other respect, of
Sir Donald Smith."
CANADA
Conspicuous among Lord Strathcona's many acts of loyalty and devoted
service was the raising and maintaining entirely at his own expense of the fine
corps of horse, the " Strathconas," which did such effective duty during the
South African campaign, and it may be mentioned here that in 1898 he
was appointed hon. Lieut. -Colonel of the Montreal Victoria Rifles, in 1902
lion. Colonel of the 8th V.B. King's Liverpool Regiment, in 1909 of the 15th
Light Horse, and in 1910 of the ygth Highlanders. Queen Victoria, in 1886,
created him K.C.M.G., and ten years later at Windsor Castle personally
invested him Knight Grand Cross of the same distinguished Order. In 1897,
at the completion of the sixtieth year of her reign, the same gracious monarch
conferred a further mark of favour upon him by raising him to the peerage
as Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal of Glencoe, in the county of Argyll,
and of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada. In
1900 a second patent was made out with special remainder to his daughter and
her heirs male. Lord Strathcona married Isabella Sophia, daughter of the
late Richard Hardisty, Esq., of the Hudson Bay Company, and his daughter,
Margaret Charlotte, is the wife of Robert Jared Bliss Howard, Esq., F.R.C.S.
Lady Strathcona has ably seconded her illustrious husband in his numerous acts
and schemes for the benefit of his fellow-men, and the same may be said of
their daughter. Lord Strathcona was made G.C.V.O. in 1908, and in 1910 a
Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. In September, 1901,
he and Lady Strathcona entertained their present Majesties, as Duke and
Duchess of York, upon their visit to Montreal, and in the following year they
were present by invitation at the Coronation of King Edward and Queen
Alexandra. Lord Strathcona was one of the representatives of the Dominion
at the funeral of King Edward, and was again present in a like capacity at the
Coronation of King George and Queen Mary. He was also appointed similarly
to the executive of the King Edward Memorial Committee. With three
Sovereigns of these realms he has been on terms of close and intimate
friendship, the crown to the affectionate and reverential regard in which
he is held by the people high and low of the great Dominion which
yields to no other British realm in loyal devotion to Crown and Throne
and Empire.
327
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Lord Strathcona will always be gratefully remembered in Canada for
his unostentatious benevolence in the relief of distress, and his princely mu-
nificence in the advancement of education and art. Together with Lord
Mount Stephen he endowed a Canadian scholarship in the Royal College of
Music in London, and subsequently a second scholarship on his own behalf.
On the occasion of Queen Victoria's Jubilee in 1887 he with Lord Mount
Stephen gave a million dollars for the building and endowment of the Royal
Victoria Hospital, Montreal, which sum was supplemented in 1896 with a
further gift of 800,000 dollars for maintenance. To the McGill University
alone he has given over a million dollars, and in 1896 he erected and endowed
in Montreal the Royal Victoria College for the higher education of women.
In 1909 he gave 500,000 dollars towards the funds of the University, of which
50,000 dollars was for the augmentation of the salaries of the professional
staff. Among his more recent benefactions has been the 450,000 dollars he
gave to promote the instruction of physical training and military drill in
the Canadian public schools, the million dollars he subscribed to King Edward's
Hospital Fund, and the 52,500 dollars to Queen Alexandra's Unemployed
Fund. As Hon. Chairman of the Western Committee of the Canadian
Y.M.C.A., he gave 150,000 dollars for Y.M.C.A. extension in Manitoba,
Alberta, and Nova Scotia, and there is not a philanthropic or benevolent
organisation in the I )ominion which has not either enlisted his active sympathies
or been accorded his generous assistance and support. Lord Strathcona is
an F.R.S., a D.C.L., and an LL.D., and he has been President of the Montreal
Bank, Chancellor of McGill University and Chancellor and Lord Rector of
the University of Aberdeen, member of the Council of the Royal Colonial
Institute, Vice-President of the British Association, etc., etc. In 1895 he
purchased the Highland estate of Glencoe for a private residence, and he
also owns Debden Hall, Newport, Essex. His London addresses are 28,
Grosvenor Square, W., and 17, Victoria Street, S.W.
TOIIX OBKD SMITH, ESQ., was born the 22nd September, 1864, in Birmingham,
the son of Obed and Isabel (Spink) Smith. His father was a Liverpool
merchant, and the son was educated at the Liverpool Institute. Going out
328
CANADA
to Canada in 1881, and embracing the profession of the law, he was called to
the Manitoba Bar and admitted a solicitor in 1891. For a number of years
he was engaged in the service of the Manitoba Government, as Acting-Clerk
of Legislature, Deputy Land Commissioner, and in other important positions.
In 1901 he was appointed Commissioner of Immigration for Western Canada,
and subsequently chief officer of the European service for the Canadian
Government, with headquarters
in London. Mr. Smith married,
in March, 1896, Lillian Isabel,
eldest daughter of Harry Barton
Rose, Esq., of Winnipeg. He is a
member of the Society of Arts,
a Fellow of the Royal Geo-
graphical Society and of the
Royal Colonial Institute, and
has lectured on Canada before
various learned societies. A
Freemason of high degree, he
was director and secretary-
treasurer of the Masonic Temple,
Winnipeg, and is a founder and
Past Master of the "Canada"
Masonic Lodge in London.
F. A. Sivaine.
JOHN OBED SMITH, ESQ.
T IEUTENANT-COLONEL THE HONOURABLE JOHN HERBERT TURNER,
Agent-General for British Columbia in Great Britain, has a long and
honourable record of public service to his credit. Mr. Turner is of English and
East Anglian stock, the son of John and Martha Turner, of Ipswich, and was
born in the village of Claydon, a little to the north of the Suffolk county town,
the 7th May, 1833. Educated at Whitstable, he went out to Canada in 1856, and
was for some time in business at Charlottetown in Prince Edward Island. He
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
removed to Victoria, in British Columbia, in 1862, and there founded the pros-
perous and extensive mercantile house which goes by his name, and of which
he has been the head and guiding spirit. In 1876 he was made Alderman of
Victoria, and from 1879 to 1881 filled the important position of Mayor of that
city. In 1887 he was elected to the local Parliament as member for Victoria,
and sat till 1901, undertaking during that period with distinct success some of
the most important administrative duties. From 1887 to 1898, and again in
1899-1901, he did excellent
service as Minister of Finance
and Agriculture. Made Premier
in 1895 he held that distin-
guished position for three
years. For thirteen years he
introduced the Budget, and
was also responsible for Acts
for the encouragement of
fruit-growing and dairying
and the formation of farmers'
institutes and banks and other
beneficial enactments, and spe-
cially for the change in the
financial system of the Province
by the issue of 3 per cent,
inscribed stock in L,ondon,
which took effect in 1888.
Mr. Turner took an active
part in the formation of the first Rifle Company formed in Prince Edward
Island and later served in the first Volunteer Corps formed in Victoria. In
1881 he was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel in the Dominion Reserve Militia.
In everything that could benefit the Province or its people Mr. Turner has
been to the fore, and he has been President of the British Columbia Benevo-
lent Society and the British Columbia Agricultural Society, and also of the
Victoria Jubilee Hospital, one of the most valuable institutions in the Province.
UEUT.-COL. THE HON. JOHN HERBERT TURNER.
330
CANADA
In April, 1901, Mr. Turner was appointed Agent-General for British
Columbia in Great Britain, an important position he still adorns. He has
also been Vice-President of the Colonial Club, and a member of the general
committee of the United Empire Club. As a delegate to various commercial
congresses he has frequently spoken and lectured on British Columbia and its
resources. No man knows that Province better than Mr. Turner, and on every
subject in any way connected with it he is admitted to be a leading authority.
Mr. Turner, who was married in 1860 to Elizabeth Eilbeck, of White-
haven, was presented to the late King Edward, when Prince of Wales, in
1895, and he has been similarly honoured by their present Majesties. Mr.
Turner's London addresses are Salisbury House, Finsbury Square, E.G., and
15, Hereford Square, South Kensington, S.W., and he is a member of the
Junior Constitutional and Royal Automobile Clubs in London and the Union
Club of Victoria, B.C.
CIR [BYRON] EDMUND WALKER, C.V.O., D.C.L., LL.D., a distinguished
member of the Canadian banking profession, was born in Seneca Town-
ship, Haldimand Co., Ontario, the i4th October, 1848, the son of the late Alfred
E. Walker, Esq., of Hamilton, Ontario. Educated at the public schools, he com-
menced his business career in the private banking office of his uncle, J. W.
Murton, Esq., of Hamilton, and in 1868 entered the Canadian Bank of Commerce
as discount clerk. He was promoted Accountant at the head office, Toronto, in
1872, and became successively Third Agent of the bank at New York, Manager
at Windsor and at London, Inspector-Manager at Hamilton and Joint Agent
at New York, and General Manager of the bank in October, 1886. Twenty years
later he was appointed a Director, and has been President of the bank since
1907. He has filled various distinguished positions in connection with the
Canadian and American Bankers' Association, and in 1910 the senior officers
of the Bank of Commerce presented him with his portrait, painted by John
Lavery. He is the author of the "Canadian System of Banking and the
National Banking System of the United States ; a Comparison with Refer-
ence to the Banking Requirements of Canada " (1890), a paper on " Banking in
Canada," read before the Congress of Bankers and Financiers held at Chicago
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
in 1893, "Why Canada is against Bimetallism" (1897), and other financial
articles. Banking has not, however, engrossed his entire attention. He has
been Chairman of the Board of Governors of Toronto University since 1910,
President of the Canadian Institute (1898-9) and of the Toronto Guild of Civic
Art (1898-9), and local secretary in connection with the meetings of the
British Association in Toronto in 1897. In 1908 he was appointed a member
of the National Battlefields Commission, and in the following }rear,
as a well-known art connoisseur,
was placed on the advisory com-
mittee in the matter of pur-
chasing paintings for the National
Art Gallery at Ottawa. He
founded the Champlain Society
in 1905, and the same year he
was awarded a commemorative
diploma and medal by the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition
as a mark of special recognition
of his services in connection
with the International Congress
of Arts and Crafts. He was
appointed a member of the
Royal Commission on Toronto
University, to which in the pre-
vious year he had presented his
valuable palseontological collec-
tion and the library connected with it. Amongst his published works is
one on " Canadian Surveys and Museums," and a paper on " Early Italian
Art." Trinity University gave him its Hon. D.C.Iy. in 1904, and Toronto
its Hon. lyly.D. in 1906.
vSir Edmund was made a C.V.O. in 1908, and in 1910 he was given the
honour of knighthood, receiving the accolade from the King in person in June,
1911, when in England on the occasion of the Coronation of Their Majesties,
SIR [BYRON] EDMUND WALKER,
C.V.O. , D.C.L., LIv.D.
CANADA
at which he was present. A year earlier he had been created a Knight of
Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, and in this particular connection
his services to the Toronto General Hospital, as a trustee and in other ways,
may fitly be mentioned. Sir Edmund was married in 1874, to Mary, daughter
of Alex. Alexander, Esq., of Hamilton. He is a Presbyterian and a liberal, but
he strenuously opposed the Taft-Fielding Reciprocity agreement. He lives at
Long Garth, St. George Street, Toronto, and at Broadeaves, De Grassi
Point, Lake Simcoe, Ontario. He has been described as "one of the fore-
most authorities on banking in the world." The list of the clubs of which he
is a member — The Toronto Club, York Club, Toronto, St. James', Montreal,
Lambton Golf and Country Club, Toronto, Toronto Hunt Club, Royal Canadian
Yacht Club, Toronto, the Rideau Club at Ottawa, and the Devonshire Club in
London — goes far, with what has been said above, to justify the eulogy which
has been given him as "a large-hearted citizen of the world,"
LJARRISOX WATSON, ESQ.,
Agent-General for Prince
Edward Island, was born the
I3th June, 1864, the eldest son
of Charles S. Watson, Esq., J.P.,
of Montreal. He had a liberal
education, pursuing his studies
in turn in Canada, England,
France and Germany. Engaged
in business in Canada, he was
appointed in 1892 to take
charge of the commercial and
emigration work of the Canadian
section of the Imperial Insti-
tute, and was made a Commer-
cial Agent of the Canadian
Government. He acts as
London correspondent of the
Elliott 6- Fry.
HARRISON WATSON,
333
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Canadian Manufacturers' Association, and represented that body as a
delegate at the Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire in 1900
and 1906. In 1902 he was appointed Agent-General for Prince Edward
Island, a position he still holds. While engaged in business in Canada,
and subsequently, Mr. Watson visited on several occasions practically
every part of Canada, and has travelled all over the United States and
most of the principal countries of Europe. Mr. Watson married in 1890,
his wife being Ruth Appleton, eldest daughter of William Blake, Esq.
His London address is 199, Ashley Gardens, S.W., and he is a member of
the Junior Athenaeum, Royal Automobile and Canada Clubs, London, and
the St. James's Club, Montreal.
HONOURABLE SIR JAMES PLINY WHITNEY, K.C., was born in
Williamburg, Ontario, on the 2nd October, 1843, and was educated
at the Public School and at the Cornwall Grammar School. Adopting the
law as his profession, he be-
came a barrister in 1876, K.C.
in 1890, and was for several
years one of the leaders of the
Bar in the Province of Ontario.
As a Liberal-Conservative he
unsuccessfully contested
Dundas at the General Election
of 1886, and since 1888 has
sat for the same constituency.
He was leader of the Opposi-
tion, Ontario, from 1896 to
1905, and since then has been
Premier and President of the
Council. He was knighted by
King George at the Quebec Ter-
centenary Celebration of 1908 ;
THE HON. SIR j. P. WHITNEY, K.C. was present in Westminster
334
CANADA
Abbey, by invitation, at the Coronation of Their Majesties, and was subse-
quently presented to Their Majesties at Buckingham Palace in June, 1911.
In his youth, Sir James Whitney served for several years in the Volunteer
Militia, and was on active service during the Fenian troubles of 1866, for which
he received a Medal, and he is now a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Reserve
Militia. He married, in April, 1877, Alice, the third daughter of the late
William Park, Esq., Cornwall, Ontario, and resides at St. George Street,
Toronto. He is a member, among other clubs, of the York Club, the Albany
Club, the Toronto Club, and the Royal Canadian Yacht Club.
CIR RALPH CHAMPNEYS
WILLIAMS, K. C.M.G.,
Governor of Newfoundland, son
of the Rev. T. N. Williams, of
Treffos, Anglesey, was born in
1848, educated at Rossall, and in
1875 married Jessie, daughter of
Samuel Dean, Esq. His earlier
life was occupied with travel and
exploration, and among other
adventures he organized expe-
ditions into Patagonia in 1873
and 1874, and in South Africa
in 1883 and 1884. During the
Bechuanaland expedition, under
Sir Charles Warren, in 1884 and
1885, he was head of the Civil
Intelligence Department, with
the rank of Captain. In 1887
he was appointed British Consular Officer to the South African Republic,
and British Agent in 1888, with a letter of credence from the Foreign
Office. In 1890 he was transferred to Gibraltar as Colonial Treasurer,
Elliott &• Fry.
SIR RALPH CHAMPNEYS WILLIAMS, K.C.M.G.
335
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
and in 1895 was appointed to the associated office of Captain of the
Port.
From 1897 to 1901 he served as Colonial Secretary and Acting Governor
of Barbados for two periods of office, and in the latter year returned to Bechu-
analand as Resident Commissioner, which post he held for over five years.
In 1906 he became Governor of the Windward Islands, and in 1909 was
appointed to his present high office.
As special correspondent of the Standard in South Africa for several
years, and author of the volume, " The British Lion in Bechuanaland," Sir
Ralph Williams is also well known as a facile writer.
PREDERICK WILLIAMS-
TAYLOR, ESQ.,* was
born in 1863 in Moncton,
New Brunswick, son of Ezekiel
Moore Taylor, Esq., and Rosa-
lind Beatty. His parents are
of North Irish ancestry on both
sides, and among his more
notable progenitors were Cap-
tain Moore, R.N., of Buncrana
Castle, Buncrana, Ireland, and
Colonel Joseph Morse, who in
1776 was loyalist Commandant
of Fort Cumberland, Nova
Scotia. He entered the Bank
of Montreal in 1878, was
appointed Assistant Inspector
Elliot' 6- Fry.
FREDERICK WIUJAMS-TAYLOR, ESQ. in 1897, Joint Manager of the
Chicago branch in 1903, and Manager of the London office of the Bank in
1906, the position which he now holds. The Silver Medal of the Society
of Arts was awarded him in 1911 for his valuable paper on " Canada and
* Now Sir Frederick Williams-Taylor, Kt.
336
CANADA
Canadian Banking," and he has contributed other valuable papers on the
subject of Canadian finance which have attracted wide attention and
discussion. He is also a Director of the Allan Line Steamship
Company, Ltd.
In 1888 he married Jane Fayrer Henshaw, only daughter of Joshua
Henshaw, Esq., of Montreal. He resides in London at Hans Court, S.W.,
and is a member of various Clubs, including the St. James's, the Bath, and
the Ranelagh Clubs, and the Mount Royal and the St. James's Clubs, Mon-
treal. A versatile athlete, he has won distinction in rowing, tennis and other
sports, and stroked the Wanderers' four-oared crew in 1886 at Halifax, N.S.
337
VII
THE WEST INDIES, BERMUDA AND
SOUTH AMERICA.
y\ MONG the many notable guests who were present at the Coronation
ceremonies, not the least distinguished were THE HONOURABLE
HENRY ALBERT ALCAZAR, K.C.. and
MRS. ALCAZAR, of Port of Spain,
Trinidad. Born there on the 3oth
September, 1860, the Hon. Albert
Alcazar commenced his career as
a distinguished student at St.
Mary's College, Trinidad, where in
his seventeenth year he was suc-
cessful in gaining a scholarship of
£150, tenable for three years. Adopt-
ing the law as his profession, he was,
after several years' study, called to
the Bar at Gray's Inn, and returning
to Trinidad, has since enjoyed a
large and lucrative practice in his
native town. In addition to his
legal activities, he takes a wide
interest in all matters, muni-
cipal and legislative, relating to
the government of the Colony.
He has sat continuously since
1894 as a Member of the Legislative
The London Sfcrcoscof>ic Co,
THIi HON. H. A. AL,CAZAK, K.C.
339
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
The Lou'lon Stereoscopic Co.
MRS. ALCAZAR.
Council, and among many
other distinctions has twice
had the prominent honour
of election to the office of
Mayor of Port of Spain.
He was given silk in 1897,
and on two occasions, at the
special request of the Govern-
ment, acted as a Judge
of the Supreme Court in
Trinidad.
T IEUTEXAXT CHARLES E. L. COX
was born in British Guiana in
November, 1889, son of the Hon. C. T.
Cox, C.M.G. He was appointed 2nd
Lieutenant in the British Guiana
Artillery Militia, February, 1909, and
gazetted Lieutenant in October,
1910.
Since 1907 Lieutenant Cox has
held a substantive post in the
Colony on the Staff of the Govern-
ment Secretary's Office. He acted
as A.D.C. and Private Secretary
to the Acting Governor of British
The London Stereoscopic Co.
BUT. CHARUiS
. COX.
340
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
Guiana from April to October, 1909, and subsequently from August, 1911.
He resides at Government House, British Guiana.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WILFRED BENNETT DAVIDSON-HOUSTON, C.M.G.,
H.M. Commissioner for Montserrat, is an Officer of the Special Reserve
Royal Dublin Fusiliers, of which H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught is Colonel -
in-Chief. Lieutenant-Colonel
Davidson-Houston has had a
long and distinguished career.
Born in 1870, the second son
of the late Rev. B. C.
Davidson-Houston, of St.
John's, Sandymount, Co.
Dublin, Chaplain to the Vice-
roy in Ireland, he was
educated at Corrig School,
Ireland, and St. Edward's,
Oxford. He joined the 5th
Battalion of his regiment in
January, 1887, attaining his
present rank in 1906. He
served in the British South
Africa Company's expedition
into Mashonaland in 1890,
afterwards remaining as Assist-
ant Commissioner in the
Mazoe District until 1892. In 1894 he proceeded to West Africa as
an Officer of the Gold Coast Constabulary (Hausas), serving in the
Attabubu expedition under Sir Francis Scott, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.,
and became Captain in the West African Frontier Force in 1898. In 1894-5
he conducted Special Missions to Kwahu and Ashanti-Akim, and to Samory
and N.W. Ashanti in 1896, receiving the thanks of the Government on each
'Matill e* For.
LIEUT.-COLONEL DAVIDSON-HOUSTON.
34 *
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
occasion. He served in the Ashanti expedition, 1895-6, commanding the
advance guard on the occupation of Kumasi, being placed in charge over the
deposed King Prempeh and other royal prisoners on their surrender. He served
in the Northern Territories, Gold Coast operations, 1897-8, and the Ashanti
campaign, 1900 ; and later in the South African war as Staff Officer at
Warrenton. His decorations include the C.M.G., Queen Victoria Diamond
Jubilee Medal, King George V. Coronation Medal, Ashanti Star, West African
General Service Medal and Clasp, Ashanti Medal and Clasp, S.A. Queen's
Medal and five Clasps, and he has been several times mentioned in despatches for
his services in different campaigns. Lieutenant-Colonel Davidson -Houston
acted as Resident in Ashanti in 1899-1900, and as Chief-Commissioner
in that country from 1903 to 1905.
In March, 1906, he was appointed Commissioner of Montserrat, and
member of the Federal Executive and General Legislative Councils of the
Leeward Island Colony in the same year. He is a member of the Royal
Colonial Institute, of the Royal Aero, and Sports Clubs in London, and the
Kildare Street Clu'b, Dublin, as well as of the Clan Dhai. He married, in
1898, Annie H., only daughter of the late E. Langley Hunt, Esq., of
Curragh Bridge, Adare, Co. Limerick, and has two sons.
At the Imperial Education Conference in London in 1911, Lieutenant-
Colonel Davidson-Houston represented the Leeward Islands as delegate
to the conference from that Colony, and he was also a delegate from the
West Indies at the recent Reciprocity Conference at Ottawa, Canada.
He will be known to the Dominion and Colonial officers who were in
England for the Diamond Jubilee in 1897, when he acted for a time
as Adjutant at Chelsea Barracks, and as officer in charge of the Gold Coast
Hausa Detachment during those celebrations. At the Coronation of
H.M. King George V., Colonel Davidson-Houston, in addition to working
at the Colonial Office in connection with the Overseas Troops, was
on Lord Cheylesmore's staff at the Duke of York's School as Staff Officer
for the Crown Colonies and Protectorates. He had also the honour of being
one of the sixteen representatives specially selected to represent the Colonies
at the funeral of her late Majesty, Queen Victoria, in February, 1901.
34-2
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
A/TAJOR WILLIAM EDWARD MOSSE DRUMMOND, V.D., was born in 1864,
in Jamaica, British West Indies. He entered the Civil Service of
that Colony in 1880, and served in the Medical, Audit and Revenue Depart-
ments, in the latter of which he is now Collector of Revenue, and Parochial
Treasurer for the Parish of Saint Catherine, with headquarters at the ancient
town of Saint Jago de la Vega. He was Deputy Harbour Master for the Port
of Kingston from 1892 to
1908, and on the formation
of the Marine Board in 1896
was appointed its first Secre-
tary, which position he held
until 1908.
On the invitation of the
then Governor, Field-Marshal
Sir Henry Wylie Norman,
Major Drummond joined the
Jamaica Garrison Artillery in
1885, and was commissioned
as Second lieutenant on the
3rd October, 1895, and Lieu-
tenant on the 27th August in
the following year. He was
gazetted Captain on the 3rd
April, 1900. On the special
recommendation of the
Defence Committee, London,
he was advanced to the rank of Major in 1908.
He holds the Long-Service Medal (1905), and the Coronation Medal and
Volunteer Decoration (1912).
Immediately after the earthquake of 1907 his corps was called out and
placed in charge for four weeks of a portion of the western part of Kingston,
including the Jamaica Government Railway, the Government wharves and
warehouses, for which services he received the thanks of the Government.
MAJOR DRUJIJIOND, V.D.
343
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
He married, in 1897, L,ouisa, daughter of W. M. Anderson, Esq., late
Emigration Agent in India, and has one daughter.
He is a member of the Jamaica Club, Kingston.
CAPTAIN DUNCAN PHASER was born in Inverness-shire, Scotland,
in the year 1869, and was educated in Glen-Con vinth Public School.
He served with the ist Volunteer Battalion Cameron Highlanders in
1886, and was one of the
N.C.O.'s whose portraits adorn
the wall of the Battalion's Drill
Hall in commemoration of Queen
Victoria's Jubilee Review held at
Inverness in 1887.
In 1889 he was appointed
to a position in Demerara, with
Messrs. Booker Bros., where he
remained for six years. He joined
the British Guiana Militia shortly
after his arrival, and remained a
member of the Force until his
departure.
In 1895 he was appointed as
manager of the firm of Messrs.
James Brodie & Co., Belize,
British Honduras, and became a partner in the firm the year following.
He married in 1896 a daughter of the late John Musterd, Esq., sugar
planter, Demerara.
A Mounted Infantry Section was formed in British Honduras in 1904,
in connection with the British Honduras Volunteer Force. Captain
Fraser was appointed as Sergeant on its formation, and in 1905
promoted to Lieutenant, and Captain in 1906. He is now in command
of the Belize Mounted Infantry Volunteers.
The Lon.lon Stereoscopic ( o.
CAPTAIN D. FRASER.
344
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
pARLOS MELHADO, ESQ., C.M.G., was born on the 30th April, 1852, and
received his early education at the L/ycee Imperial, St. Omer,
France. In his seventeenth
year he went to British
i
Honduras, where he became
permanently settled, and in the
year 1881 he received the impor-
tant appointment of Consul
for Germany in that Colony,
a post which he continued to
fill for nearly twenty years.
He has been a Member of
the Executive Council for
British Honduras since 1889,
and as a representative of
his colony he came to England
in 1911 to attend the Corona-
tion of King George V. As a
reward for his long services,
he then received the honour
of a Companionship of the
Order of St. Michael and St.
~ The Lou Ion Stt-n'oSiOpit (o.
CARLOS MELHADO, ESQ., C.M G.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL R. JOHNSTONE, of the Trinidad Light Infantry
Volunteers, was born in San Fernando, Trinidad, on the 24th July,
1854. Educated at the Queen's Royal College, Trinidad, and sub-
sequently at the City of London School and the Clapham Grammar
School, he entered business in Port of Spain in 1873, but sub-
sequently joined the Colonial Civil Service in 1879, retiring on a
pension in 1908.
345
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
LIEUT. -COLONEL R. JOHXSTONE.
tion with the Trinidad contingent in
Boulevard, Port of Spain.
1911.
Colonel John-
stone became
attached to the
Trinidad Light
Infantry Volun-
teers in 1887, was
gazetted as Lieu-
tenant in 1888,
Captain in 1889,
Major in 1895,
and Lieutenant-
Colonel in 1910.
He holds the V.D.
(1908), and atten-
ded the Corona-
Residence, Cipriani
pAPTAIN HENEAGE GOLDIE PASEA. of the Trinidad Light Horse, has
had the double honour of being selected to attend both the Coronation
of the late King Edward VII. and likewise that of King George. He is a
son of the late Honourable Archibald Monro Pasea, Member of the Legislative
Council, and was born at Streatham Lodge Estate, Trinidad, British West
Indies, the family residence, on the 25th October, 1858. Educated at the
Queen's Royal College there, he began his business career as a sugar planter,
and subsequently turned his attention to the development of the cocoa plant-
ing industry in the island. He married, first, in January, 1882, Louisa St. John
Dyett, daughter of the late Dr. Dyett, of St. Kitts, who died in 1883, leaving
one daughter, Annie Dudley ; second, in June, 1890, Selina Margaret McKenzie,
daughter of the late Rowland P. McKenzie, Esq., sugar planter, Trinidad,
and granddaughter of the late Lieut. -Colonel Alexander William McKenzie.
In 1889 he entered the Civil Service of Trinidad, and the following are some
346
WEST TNDIES, BERMUDA <<' S. AMERICA
of the numerous positions and appointments he has held, namely :—
Ward Officer and Assistant Supervisor, Tacarigna ; Clerk of the
Peace of St. Joseph, Arima,
and Port of Spain ; Chief Clerk
to the Surgeon-General ; Acting
Warden of Arima and Cedros ;
and Acting Stipendiary Justice
of the Peace of Arima , Couva, San
Fernando, Cedros and Mayaro.
In August, 1911, he was appoin-
ted Stipendiary Justice and
Warden of Toco, and is now
Acting Stipendiary Magistrate of
Arima, Trinidad.
Captain Pasea joined the
Trinidad Light Infantry in 1888,
and was transferred to the
Burnley Carbineers, Mounted
Volunteers, in 1889, when he
Tin- !.m,l,m Sf.mau pit Co.
was promoted to the rank of CAPTAIN HEXKAGE GOLDIE PASKA.
Corporal. This troop has now been merged in the Trinidad Light
Horse. He took an active part in the suppression of the riots in
Trinidad in 1903.
JOHN PRIXGLE, ESQ., K.C.M.G., M.H.C.M.. of Jamaica, is the son of John
Pringle, Esq., of Whaup, Roxburgh, and was born in 1849. He was
educated at Aberdeen University, graduated in Medicine and Surgery in
1872, and left Scotland for the West Indies in the same year.
Among the many official positions which he now holds there he is a
Member of the Privy Council, and a Nominated Member of the Legislative
Council of Jamaica ; Custos Rotulorum of the Parish of Saint Mary ; Chair-
man of the Parochial Board of the same Parish; Chairman of the Board
347
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
JOHN PRIXGLE, ESQ., K.C.M.G., M.B.C.M.
of Supervision for Jamaica;
District Grand Master of
English Freemasons in
Jamaica ; and owns a large
number of estates in the
island. In 1876 he married
Amy Zillah, daughter of the
late Hon. J. I/evy, of St.
Jago Park, Spanish Town.
He was created C.M.G. in
1900, and K. C.M.G. in
IQII, and represented
Jamaica at the Coronation
of King George V. He has
a residence at Cape Clear,
and one at Agualta Vale,
Jamaica, and is a member
of the Constitutional, Empire
and West Indian Clubs in
lyondon, and of the Jamaica
Club, at Kingston.
CAPTAIN ADOLPHUS RICHARDS was born on the isth September,
1880, in St. Vincent, and is the son of E. A. Richards, Esq.
(of Messrs. E. A. Richards & Co.), American Consular Agent, of
that island. He was educated at the Grammar School, St. Vincent,
and Harrison College, Barbados. He took an early and keen interest
in the Volunteer movement and in rifle shooting, and when only
twenty years of age started a corps of boys. In 1904 he was
appointed Second Lieutenant of the Volunteer Reserve Corps, being
shortly afterwards elected its President. In 1911 he was gazetted
Captain of the Volunteer Force, and was selected as the representative
348
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
of St. Vincent in the Wind-
ward Islands contingent
at the Coronation of Their
Majesties.
Captain Richards is a
partner in the firm of Messrs.
E. A. Richards & Co., and
belongs to one of the oldest
families in the island. He is
a member of the Kingstown
Club.
JV/TAJOR WILLIAM J. SLACK
was born in 1872, and is
the son of the Rev. W. D. L.
Slack, of South/port, England.
He was educated at Kingswood,
Bath, and at the London University. On completion of his education
he was articled to E. Cooper, Esq., J.P., solicitor, of Blackburn, and
in 1894 he passed the solicitor's final examination with honours. In
1897 he obtained the position of Assistant to the Attorney-General for
British Honduras, and was admitted a Member of the Bar for that
Colony, and in the following year became a partner in the firm of
Messrs. Woods & Slack. Joining the British Honduras Volunteer Force on
its formation in December, 1897, he was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in
January, 1899, and Lieutenant in 1905 ; was promoted to Captain
on the igth April, 1906, Major in December, 1907, and has since
been in command of the force. He took part in the Cayo Special Service
expedition in July, 1907, and was senior officer in command when
that force was called out in Belize in August of that year, and for
special service at Stann Creek in July, 1910. He is a member of the
Town Board, has acted as a Member of the Legislative Council and as
/ lit- f.rnition Stereoscopic Co.
CAPTAIN A. RICHARDS.
349
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Commissioner of Currency, and
is a J.P. for the Colony. He
has his residence in Belize, and
is a member of the Grosvenor
Club, Piccadilly.
pAPTAIN DAVID LEOPOLD
SLIXGER was born in
the town of St. George,
Island of Grenada, on the 5th
November, 1861, and was
educated at the Normal School
of his native town and the
Government Grammar School,
but his father's death prevent-
ed him from taking advantage
of the scholarships he gained.
At an early age he started
life in the local mercantile house of Messrs. F. Marrast & Co., subse-
quently commencing business on his own account as a merchant in the
town of St. George. His firm is now one of the most extensive in
Grenada, consisting as it does of a principal house in the capital, and
several branch establishments in the island.
Captain Slinger has identified himself with every phase of life in his
native country, whether it be political, educational, religious, social, or
sporting. He occupies a seat on the Board of Education, and is also a member
of the Principal District Board, and the Agricultural Board of the island,
and on one occasion acted as an unofficial member of the Legislative
Council.
As evidence of the confidence reposed in Captain Slinger by the Governor
of the Island, it may be mentioned that he has been appointed to the Com-
mittee to report upon the Harbour of St. George and the improvements
London Stereoscopic Co.
MAJOR WIIJJAJI J. SLACK.
350
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
thereto, which are contemplated by the Government in view of the harbour
becoming an important point and port of call when the Panama Canal is
completed.
Captain Slinger is a member of every sporting association in Grenada,
and the donor of a most valuable trophy competed for annually by the Rifle
Ciubs of the Windward Islands.
At the request of the Colon-
ial Government Captain Slinger
assumed the command of the
Volunteer Defence Force of
the island in 1910, and import-
ed into the appointment such
zeal and unremitting energy
that the movement, which failed
at its inception to receive the
popular recognition and the
support it warranted, has gain-
ed the public favour. The
force is now a well-organised
body, and under its present
command is rapidly attaining
a high standard of efficiency.
By unanimous approval Captain
Slinger was appointed one of the representatives of Grenada to take
command of the contingent of the Defence Force representing the Windward
Islands at the Coronation of His Majesty King George V.
Captain Slinger is a Justice of the Peace, and is one of the most
prominent and zealous members of the Roman Catholic Church in Grenada.
The London Stereoscopic Co.
CAPTAIN D. L. SLINGER.
QAPTAIN JAMES LIGHTBOURN SMITH, who attended the Coronation
as Officer Commanding the Bermuda contingent, was born in
Pembroke Parish, Bermuda, on the 2ist January, 1866, and is the son
of James I,. Smith, Esq., merchant, of that island. He was educated at
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Pembroke Grammar School, and joined the Bermuda Volunteer Corps
as a private on its formation in 1895, received his Commission in
1896, and was promoted to the rank of Captain in 1900.
In addition to his
military services, he
has devoted much of
his activity and atten-
tion to Governmental
affairs, and in 1911
was elected a Member
of the Colonial Parlia-
ment, in which he now
represents his native
constituency of Pem-
broke Parish..
In 1899 Captain
Smith married Mildred,
daughter of Archdeacon
Tucker, of Bermuda.
His family and his
CAPTAIN J. IJOHTBOURX SMITH.
wife s were among those
who, over two-and-a-half centuries ago, settled in the island. Captain
Smith has three sons and one daughter. He is a member of the
firm of Messrs. Trimingham Brothers, merchants, of Hamilton.
TIEUTENANT-COLONEL THE HONOURABLE GEORGE LLEWELLYN
DOUGLAS SWAIN, V.D., the second son of the late Assistant Com-
missary-General, Charles Swain, and Eliza Dominga Sanchez de Pina, of
Gibraltar, was born in Corfu, the Ionian Islands, on the 8th June, 1858,
and was educated chiefly at Harrison's College, Barbados. For two
years, 1876-1878, he was engaged in the Army Pay Office, Barbados,
and then joined the Colonial Bank, leaving that in 1882 to take
352
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
up an appointment as a clerk in the Police Department, British Guiana.
He was appointed District Inspector of Police in 1884 ; County
Inspector, 1892 ; was Acting Deputy Inspector-General in 1893 and in
1898 ; promoted to Chief County Inspector and Second-in-Command,
i8th November, 1899 ; Acting Inspector-General, 1900 ; Acting
Inspector-General and -Colonel
Commandant of Militia, 1902 ;
Deputy Inspector-General of
Constabulary in Trinidad, the
30th September, 1903 ; Acting
Inspector-General and C o m -
mandant of local forces, with the
rank of L/ieutenant-Colonel, with
a seat in the Executive and
Legislative Councils, in 1905
and in 1907. Promoted
Inspector-General, September,
1907, with a seat in the
Legislative Council. In 1910
he was appointed a member
of the Executive Council.
Previously to that, viz., in
February, 1895, he did special
service with Mr. McTurk,
C.M.G., in taking over Uruana from Venezuela, and remained in command
of the Police there until the following July. He volunteered for service
with the Ashanti expedition, 1895-1896, was mentioned in despatches
and received the Star. He obtained the Hythe Certificate of Musketry in
1887, and the Field Officers' Pass Certificate at the School of Instruction,
Wellington Barracks, in 1891, while in the same year he served for two
months' training with the Royal Irish Constabulary in Dublin. He
is also the holder of a First-Class Ambulance Certificate. In 1900,
Colonel Swain served on the Commission to enquire into the adminis-
LIEUT.-COLONEI, SWAIN, V.I).
353
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
tration of the Poor I,aw in British Guiana, and sat on the Medical
Commission held in igio. In ign he was appointed to the command
of the Trinidad contingent which attended the Coronation of King
George V,
pAPTAIN JOHN ARTHUR CLARENCE TENGELY, of British Guiana, was
born on the 23rd January, 1878, and is the second son of the
late Joseph Augustus Tengely, Esq., of Buda-Pesth, Hungary, and
Georgetown, by Elizabeth Anne, daughter of the late Charles Montague
Jones, Esq., Superintendent
of the River Survey, British
Guiana, and is the great-
nephew of Colonel Philip
Figyelmesy, the friend of Louis
Kossuth, whom the Colonel
accompanied to England on
his memorable visit after taking
a strenuous part in the Hun-
garian revolution of 1848. He
was educated at Queen's College,
Georgetown, and received his
first Commission as Second
Lieutenant in the British Guiana
Militia on the 2ist November,
1901, and under competitive
examination was promoted to
CAPTAIN j. A. c. TBNGELY. Lieutenant on the i ith July, 1903,
and to the rank of Captain in the following December. In July, 1904, he
successfully passed the course of musketry at Hythe, and in October of
the same year the course at the School of Instruction at Chelsea. On
returning to British Guiana in the following year, he took an immediate
and active part in the suppression of the riots in Georgetown.
354
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
He was present with his contingent at the various Coronation
ceremonies.
Captain Tengely married, in 1908, Josephine, fifth daughter of
the late Thomas Farrar, Archdeacon of Demerara,
CAPTAIN STANLEY CLIFFORD THORXE, J.P., was born in the island
of Barbados on the 27th December, 1871, and educated in England
at the famous Clifton College.
He took an early and enthusi-
astic interest in volunteering,
and when only in his sixteenth
year, as a member of his
College Cadet Corps, competed
at Wimbledon for the "School
Cadets" prize in 1888. He
is now interested in the growth
and manufacture of sugar, and
is a sugar planter in the island,
but is still devoted to soldier-
ing, and as Captain of the
Mounted Infantry Company of
Barbados Volunteers he repre-
sented his Colony, and took
part in all the Coronation cere-
The Lomlon Stereoscopic Co.
monies at Westminster. He is CAPTAIN s. c. THORXE.
a member of the Colonial Parliament in Barbados and resides at
Molyneux Plantation.
/CAPTAIN RICHARD J. TUCKER, Bermuda Volunteer Rifle Corps, eldest
\^
son of Robert R. J. Tucker, Esq., was born on the I2th June, 1869,
in Paget Parish, Bermuda, and was educated at the Pembroke Grammar
School in Hamilton, Bermuda.
355
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
His family, which for many generations has been intimately
connected with the fortunes of Bermuda, originally belonged to Thronley,
in Devonshire, one of its mem-
bers, in the year 1642, having
been appointed Chief Justice of
the Islands.
Captain Tucker enlisted in
the Bermuda Volunteer Rifle
Corps, on its formation in 1895,
as a private in B Company,
and rose through the N.C. O.
grades to Colour-Sergeant. He
received his first Commission as
2nd lyieutenant in April, 1900,
was gazetted lyieutenant in the
following year, and on attaining
present rank was transferred to
C Company at Somerset and
Ireland Island. As a member
of the Bermuda contingent
he attended the Coronation of King George and Queen Mary.
He married in 1902, Ada Mary, eldest daughter of Henry Bowden, Esq.,
of Exeter, Devon, England.
CAPTAIN R. J. TUCKKR.
"pHE HONOURABLE SIR JAMES HENRY YOUNG, M.E.C., M.L.C.
Although one of the smallest in area and population among His
Majesty's Possessions overseas, the Colony of the Bahamas has always
taken pride in its ancient constitution, which dates back to the
early years of the eighteenth century. This loyal community was
represented at the Coronation by the Hon. Sir James Henry Young.
Born in 1842 and educated in Nassau, the capital, he sat continuously
for forty-one years or nearly six consecutive septennial periods from
356
WEST INDIES, BERMUDA & S. AMERICA
1868 to 1909, as Member for the Biminis and Grand Bahama
constituency in the House of Assembly, when, in the latter year, he
was called to a seat in the Legislative Council of the Colony. He is now
a member of both Councils and is also Chairman of the Marine Products
Board, an important depart-
ment of the Administrative
Government, holding the
control of the sponge fish-
eries, one of the principal
industries of the islands.
Sir James Young is a
frequent visitor to England,
and has a large circle of
friends in London. At
an Investiture at Buckingham
Palace in 1908 he received
from his late Majesty King
Edward the honour of
knighthood, and is a member
of the Imperial Society of
Knights. He is Honorary
Secretary for the Royal
Colonial Institute in the
Bahamas.
A man of culture, ability and genial manner, he is one of the most
popular residents in the Colony, and was fitly chosen as its representative
at Their Majesties' Coronation.
Elliott & Tty.
THE HON. SIR JAMRS HENRY YOUXO.
357
MALTA AND EGYPT
VIII
MALTA AND EGYPT
of the strongest fortresses and most important outposts of the
British Empire, the Island of Malta was entitled to prominent
representation at the Coronation of King George V. This honourable
duty was adequately fulfilled by the contingent which came over under
the command of Major Alfred Vella, Royal Malta Artillery. The other officers
were Captain Anthony Arrigo, 2nd King's Own Malta Regiment of Militia,
and Captain Contino Teuma Castelletti, ist Bn. King's Own Malta
Regiment of Militia.
All the existing Maltese Corps were represented, viz. :—
The Royal Malta Artillery.
Malta Militia Royal Engineers.
ist Bn. King's Own Malta Regiment of Militia.
2nd Bn. King's Own Malta Regiment of Militia.
359
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
A/TAJOll ALFRED VELLA was appointed Lieutenant in the Royal Malta
Fencible Artillery on the i6th May, 1883, and was promoted Captain on
the i2th October, 1892, and Major on the i7th February, 1897, becoming
Second-in-Command on the
25th November, 1909. During
the Soudan expedition of 1885
he was attached to the trans-
port train as Deputy- Assistant
Commissary-General, and was
present in various attacks on
convoys and in the advance
on Tamai, for which he receiv-
ed the Medal, with Clasp, and
the Bronze Star. He was
appointed Adjutant of
Royal Malta Artillery in
February, 1896.
The name of Vella is con-
spicuously associated with the
Maltese troops, several mem-
bers of the family having
served for many years in the
various local corps. Captain Michele Vella, a grand-uncle of Major A. Vella,
who was born on the i6th July, 1776, was taken prisoner by the French during
their occupation of Malta, and executed on the Palace Square on the 2oth
January, 1799.
MAJOR AI.FRKD VEIJ.A.
/CAPTAIN ANTHONY ARRIGO served originally as a cadet in the Royal
Malta Regiment of Militia, was promoted 2nd Lieutenant on the 25th
April, 1893, Lieutenant on the 26th May, 1897, and Captain on the 2Oth May,
1899. He is now the Senior Captain.
360
MALTA AND EGYPT
pAPTAIN TEUMA CASTELLETTI, Contino of Chain Toffieha, joined the Royal
Malta Regiment of Militia as 2nd Lieutenant on the loth August, 1899,
being promoted Lieutenant on the 8th December, 1900, and Captain on the
loth June, 1910. He was
appointed Colonial Aide-
de-Camp to His Excellency
the Governor of Malta on
^^*
the 4th January, 1908, and
local Captain in the Army
on the 25th May, 1910,
created Knight (2nd Class)
of Saxe-Ernestine Order on
the loth June, 1910.
* * * *
These regiments date
from the year 1800, when
Brigadier-General Graham
(afterwards Lord Lyne-
dock), with a view to
augmenting the force,
consisting of two British
Battalions and Maltese Militia Troops, which was blockading the French
in Valletta, raised a Fencible Regiment, the Maltese Light Infantry or
" Cacciatori Maltesi," and another corps of Maltese Pioneers. These troops
performed excellent service during the blockade, and contributed materially
towards the capitulation of General Vaubois and his 5,000 French troops.
In 1801 a detachment of three hundred of the Maltese Light Infantry
volunteered for service in Elba, and formed part of the expedition which
dispossessed the French of that island. Two ensigns and a number of men
were wounded during the operations.
The Maltese Pioneers also joined the expedition to Egypt under Sir
Ralph Abercrombie, and were present at the battles fought during March
361
CAPTAIN ANTHONY ARRIGO.
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
and April, 1801. They were disbanded in December, 1801, on the expiration
of their engagement.
On the termination of the men's service in 1802, the Maltese lyight
Infantry was disbanded, but the spirit of military service, a spirit inherited
from the victors of the Moslems in the famous sixteenth century siege,
was so conspicuous that
two other battalions, viz.,
the Provincial Battal-
ions, were soon raised,
most of the officers and
men of the former corps
re-enlisting. In 1805
the new regiment, the
Royal Regiment of Malta,
was raised for general
service and proceeded to
Sicily in 1807; and in
1808 the regiment took
part in the expedition
to Capri, capturing the
town of Diamante on
their way.
In 1811 the regi-
ment returned to Malta,
and was disbanded, most of the men being transferred to the Provincials.
These consisted of Coast Artillery and Infantry Companies, and a company
of Veterans was also formed. In February, 1815, these corps were
incorporated into one regiment, the Royal Malta Fencibles.
In 1861 the Royal Malta Fencible Regiment was converted into
an Artillery Corps, and called the Royal Malta Fencible Artillery, the
word " Fencible " being eliminated in 1889, the corps becoming, as it is
now known, the Royal Malta Artillery. A double company, under the
command of Major A. M. Portelli, took part in the Egyptian campaign
362
CAPTAIN COXTIXO TEUMA CASTE LLETTI.
MALTA AND EGYPT
of 1882 ; and in recognition of the services of these officers and men
the motto, " Egypt, 1882 " was authorised to be borne on the appoint-
ments. One company served in Egypt from January, 1900, till March,
1905, when it returned to Malta, on account of the reduction of the
establishment of the regiment.
In 1895 Field-Marshal H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge was
made Honorary Colonel of the regiment. On his death in 1904,
his late Majesty King Edward VII. was graciously pleased to
succeed him. His Majesty King George V. is now the Honorary
Colonel.
f
The Royal Malta Regiment of Militia was raised in 1889 on
the strong recommendation of Field-Marshal Sir lyintorn Simmons,
then Governor of the island. Though essentially a military force as
regards discipline, pay, etc., the principle upon which the drill and
training is carried out compares more with that of the Territorial system
in England.
In 1892 a division of Militia Submarine Miners was raised, now the
Malta Militia Royal Engineers. On the recommendation of His Royal
Highness the Duke of Cambridge, a second battalion of the Royal Malta
Regiment of Militia was raised in 1897.
The date MDCCC is borne by the corps as descendants of the Maltese
Height Infantry, and in commemoration of the services of the Malta Militia,
the first militia corps under the Union Jack, during the siege of Valletta from
1798-1800.
When King Edward VII. visited Malta in 1903, his Majesty authorised
the alteration of the title to the King's Own Malta Regiment of Militia,
and in 1907, on a subsequent visit, his late Majesty honoured the officers
with his presence at luncheon.
There is no difficulty in keeping up the full strength of this corps,
which forms a most valuable addition to the colonial forces of the
Empire. The contingent was recognised as forming one of the smartest
of all the military groups taking part in the Coronation ceremonies and
functions.
363
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
E GRECH MIFSUD, ESQ., C.M.G., LL.D., son of the late Gaetano
Grech, Esq., lyL.D., was born in 1848 and educated at Malta Uni-
versity, of which he holds the degree of LL.D., conferred in 1871. He be-
came a member of the Bar in
Malta in the following year,
and was elected Member of the
Legislative Council and Member
of the Executive Council in
1888. He was some time
Member of the Senate of the
Malta University, and has
been President of the Maltese
Chamber of Advocates from
1895 to 1902, and again since
1905.
Dr. Mifsud takes a promi-
nent part in the politics of the
island, especially in the great
language question, advocating
the maintenance of the Italian
ORESTIi GRECH MIFSUD, K.O., C.M.G., LL D. language in the local tribunals,
and he was instrumental in obtaining for the island the Constitution
of 1887. He has refused on several occasions a place on the Judicial
Bench in order not to hamper his political independence.
In recognition of his eminent services to the community he was
created a C.M.G. in 1909, and was one of the distinguished representatives
of this Colony at the Coronation ceremonies.
T IEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR FRANCIS REGINALD WINGATE, G.C.V.O.,
K.C.B., K.C.M.G., D.S.O., seventh son of the late Andrew Wingate, Esq.,
of Glasgow, and Bessie, daughter of Richard Turner, Esq., of Dublin,
was born in Broadfield, Renfrewshire, on the 25th June, 1861. He was
364
MALTA AND EGYPT
educated at a private school in Jersey, and at the R.M.A., Woolwich,
and in 1880 was appointed Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery. He then
served in India and Aden, joined the Egyptian Army, and acted as
A.D.C. and Military Secretary to General Sir Evelyn Wood during the
Nile expedition, and in the
Bayuda desert, in 1884-85 . He
was promoted to Captain and
to Bt.-Majorin 1889. He took
part in the battle of Toski, the
action of Afafit, and the re-
capture of Tokar in 1891.
In 1894 he was appointed
Governor of the Red Sea
littoral and O.C. troops at
Suakin, In 1895 he was
created C.B., and was Direc-
tor of Military Intelligence
in the Dongola campaign.
His subsequent services in
the Nile expedition, at the
battle of the Atbara, the
battle of Khartoum and at
Gedid (where he was in
command of the operations
which resulted in the death
of the Khalifa), and the
expedition to Fashoda, are
well known, and for them he was created K.C.B., and received the thanks
of both Houses of Parliament. He has been Sirdar of the Egyptian Army
and Governor- General of the Sudan since 1909, and on the Royal visit to the
Sudan on the lyth January, 1912, His Majesty the King, on his return
journey from India, was graciously pleased to add the G.C.V.O. to the many
other orders and decorations which this brilliant soldier already holds.
IJKUT -GENERAL SIR F. R. WIXGATE.
365
LEADING MEN OF THE EMPIRE
Sir Reginald Wingate is well-known as an author, and his works
"Mahdism and the Egyptian Sudan," published in 1889, an(i "Ten Years'
Captivity in the Mahdi's Camp," issued in 1891, created world-wide
interest. In 1888 he married Catherine L/eslie, daughter of Captain J. S.
Rundle, R.N., and has two sons and one daughter.
He has a residence in Scotland, at Knockenhair, near Dunbar, and is
a member of the Army and Navy and the Beefsteak Clubs.
366
SUPPLEMENT
LITERARY SOCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL
LITERATURE AND ART
MESSRS. G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS,
PUBLISHERS.
MRS. FLORENCE I,. BARCLAY'S NOVELS.
THE house of Putnam was founded in 1841 by George Palmer Putnam,
and is both a British and American firm, publishing works by authors
of both branches of the English-speaking peoples. The founder
was born in Brunswick, Maine, in 1814, and the family came originally from
Buckinghamshire. His father was a lawyer,
and his mother kept one of the first co-
educational schools. Among her pupils was
her son, George. At the age of eleven he
was apprenticed to a Boston dealer in
carpets. At the end of four years he was
applying for positions as a " boy wanted,"
and secured a post, at $25 a year, at a
small book-shop and stationery store. Later
he became clerk and messenger to Mr.
Jonathan Leavitt, bookseller, at which place
also was employed Daniel Appleton, the
founder of another famous publishing house.
Putnam's first notable work was the com-
pilation of a " Chronology : An Introduction and Index to Universal
History," published anonymously by his employer. He was at work on it
for three years, completing it at the age of 18. For a time, too, he
compiled the " Booksellers' Advertiser," now known as the " Publishers'
z 369
GIvORCK I'AI,MIvR ITTXAM.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
Weekly " (U.S.A.), which was the first publication of its kind. In 1833
Putnam entered the firm of Wiley & Long, which in 1840 became
Wiley & Putnam.
In those days the first ocean steamers had crossed the Atlantic, and
upon both sides books were " pirated " (i.e., reprinted without payment to
the author). This was a method of business entirely repugnant to Putnam,
who, although without any legal compulsion to pay, never published a book
by a British author without coming to an arrangement with him. This pre-
cedent of scrupulous honesty not only continues, but has done more than
anything else towards an eventual suppression of the " appropriation " in
America of the literary work of English writers. In 1840 Mr. Putnam
made his first journey to this country, and saw that the time had come to
unify the book trade of the two countries. In 1841 he opened at Paternoster
Row the first Agency for the sale of American books in London, and for
the import of British books into America. That year also saw his marriage
to Victorine Haven, upon which followed a recrossing of the Atlantic;
for Mr. Putnam had decided to live in London. Happily, the young
American bride became popular, and around them gathered quite a
notable circle of friends. Besides publishing enterprises he found time
to write a book on " American Facts," which aimed at revealing
the actual America, concerning which, to this day, British public opinion
retains a few illusions. Indeed, all through his life Mr. Putnam strove
to break down the barriers, literary and otherwise, that, so strangely,
have survived.
The Putnams published the collected works of Washington Irving, whom
Mr. Putnam had come to know in London. Owing to piracy in London, and
lack of interest in America, this veteran of American letters found his works
stranded, and Putnam, believing them to be classics, made him an offer
for a new edition in fifteen volumes. To this day Messrs. Putnam have
a steady sale of these books, so generously acquired, and when, owing
to the national crisis of 1857, the firm was unable to collect its debts
and was obliged to assign its properties to meet its own payments,
Washington Irving himself bought the plates of his own works, saying
370
SUPPLEMENT
that as long as a Putnam was in business no other imprint should appear
upon his books. Mr. Lowell Mason, a publishing friend, not only stepped
into the breach, but made arrangements by which Mr. Putnam could
resume business.
The present Head of the firm, Mr. George Haven Putnam, took charge
of the business side of G. P. Putnam's Sons, as the new firm was subsequently
called. The founder looked after the literary and manufacturing depart-
ments. Gradually there arose the important firm that we know to-day.
But all was not plain-sailing, though the war was over ; and a generation
of enterprise and initiative went to building up the great British-American
firm. In this work George Haven Putnam
took his share, and continues to direct opera-
tions upon both sides of the Atlantic. He has
watched and developed, among many other
works, the famous " Heroes of the Nations
Series," which consists of monographs upon
the noble and great figures of history.
Seven important books have come from
Mr. Putnam's pen. Chief among them are
"Lincoln"; "George Palmer Putnam: A
Memoir " ; " Books and Their Makers dur-
ing the Middle Ages"; "The Censorship
of the Church of Rome"; "A Prisoner
of War in Virginia," and " Memories of
My Youth." He has written a valuable
manual of suggestions for literary beginners
entitled "Authors and Publishers," and a vital treatise on " The Question
of Copyright." He is a Litt.D., as well as Late Adjutant and Brevet-
Major of N.Y.S. Volunteers. This was the rank he held at the termination
of the Civil War, in which he had fought. Dr. Putnam is also Secretary
of the American Copyright League.
In the London office of the Putnams' hangs the following interesting
document : —
MAJOR GEORGE HAVEN
PUTNAM, LITT.D.
371
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
"THE UNDERSIGNED AUTHORS AND OTHERS
taking advantage of the presence in England of
GEORGE HAVEN PUTNAM,
desire to put on record their sense of his long and disinterested
efforts, and those of his father, the late G. P. Putnam, to secure an
International Copyright Act in the United States. The connection
of Mr. Putnam and his father with the American movement in
recognition of International literary rights extended over the whole
fifty -three years between the historical Report of Henry Clay and
the passing of the Act in 1891.
"Whilst the Undersigned express no opinion as to particular
clauses of this Act, they are all convinced that it has removed a
great injustice, promoted the interests of literature both in England
and in America, and tended to increase the mutual esteem and good
feeling of Englishmen and Americans.
"They wish, therefore, to convey to George Haven Putnam
their warm appreciation of the active part which, with the most
honourable motives, he has persistently taken in this successful
movement."
Among the signatures are to be found the following :—
DR. EVELYN ABBOTT, PROF. STANLEY L,ANE-POOLE, W.
CLARK RUSSELL, DR. STRACHAN-DAVIDSON, ANDREW LANG, SIR
ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE, DR. RICHARD GARNETT, THOMAS HARDY,
O.M., SlR LAURENCE GOMME, VlSCOUNT BRYCE, ANTHONY HOPE
HAWKINS, DR. THOMAS HODGKIN, SIR EDWIN ARNOLD, HALL
CAINE, EDMUND GOSSE, JUDGE O'CONNOR MORRIS, PROF. T. W.
RHYS-DAVIDS, MRS. HUMPHREY WARD, GEORGE MEREDITH.
On the application of the Societe des Gens de Lettrcs the Cross of the
Legion of Honour was given to Dr. Putnam in 1891 for services rendered
(as stated in the diploma) to France and to Literature.
In addition to the present head of the firm, Messrs. J. B. & Irving
Putnam, his brothers, are partners ; while their sons, Robert and Sidney
Putnam, respectively, are associated with the firm.
372
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The most remarkable "find" of recent years was " The Rosary," by Mrs.
Florence L- Barclay, and it is not inappropriate that there should be included
in the present volume a note about the phenomenal success which has come
to the romances by this author. In about three years, this widely-known
novelist has secured the plaudits of several millions of readers, and her
popularity shows no sign of diminishing. Practically, Mrs. Barclay was an
unknown writer at the time of the appearance of " The Rosary " in England
and America in November, 1909. Her first literary output was a dramatic little
story entitled " The Wheels of Time,"
which has since secured the second
position among Mrs. Barclay's novels in
popularity, " The Rosary" being easily
the first. Mrs. Barclay's star rose with
increasing brilliance. Usually, meteoric
popularity does not last, but Mrs.
Barclay's popularity has not only risen
to enormous heights, but it has been
maintained, and even increased, by
the publication of each new story.
It is of peculiar interest to note that
"The Rosary" commenced its wonder-
ful career in the year of the Coronation
of King George V. It is now a world-
wide known story, equal to, if not
surpassing in popularity, such noted works as " Uncle Tom's Cabin," " I,orna
Doone," and " Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch." Although " The Rosary "
was published in 1909, it did not come into much prominence until the season
of 1910 ; then it reached its great popularity with leaps and bounds. Beyond
the usual business attention, no " booming " was devoted to it. It may be
said, therefore, that " The Rosary " won its own spurs. Naturally, after
so great a success, Mrs. Barclay had a great reputation to which she had
to live up, and it was not astonishing that a good many careful critics
doubted whether she would reach the high standard of "The Rosary" in her
MRS. FLORENCE L. BARCLAY.
373
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
subsequent work. How definitely Mrs. Barclay has continued to hold her
public, is strikingly proved in the success which has been conspicuous in such
later works as " The Mistress of Shenstone," " The Following of the Star,"
" Through the Postern Gate," " The Upas Tree," and most recently of all
" The Broken Halo." Inasmuch as Mrs. Barclay's books are read with such
enjoyment and enthusiasm in all parts of the Empire, one might justifiably
describe her as the Imperial Novelist of the Twentieth Century. It may
also be added that Mrs. Barclay's books are read by Kings and Queens, and
have been translated into many foreign tongues, while such countries as
Holland and Belgium buy large quantities of her several books in the
English language. It is no unique experience for her publishers to receive
single orders of 500, and even 1000 copies of any one of her titles, from
Australia, Canada, India, and South Africa.
Mrs. Barclay has a striking personality, which is emphasized in her
beautiful and glowing fiction ; in fact, the writer of this note holds the opinion
that it is the somewhat psychic personality in her stories which has held,
almost spellbound, the novel-reader of to-day. In other words, she exudes,
not only in her life, but also in her writings, an extraordinary sympathy
which is irresistible. Added to all this is a perfectly pure style, which makes
the combination complete.
Mrs. Barclay is the wife of a clergyman of the Church of England, who
is Vicar of Hertford Heath, in Hertfordshire. She has, also, a charming
residence in East Anglia, at Overstrand, near Cromer, a place of literary
distinction. She is the mother of a large family, and has a son in the Ministry,
and another in the Navy, and she is connected with the Civil Service through
her daughter, who married an Indian Civil Servant. Mrs. Barclay is a great
traveller.
Her public work demands a large amount of time, which can be ill spared
from her creative literary work, but she does manage, in a very remarkable
manner, to deliver some excellent speeches in various parts of Great Britain.
It is worth while observing that Mrs. Barclay derives her literary
talent from the Charlesworths, inasmuch as she is the niece of Miss
Charlesworth, the author of " Ministering Children," a book which was largely
374
SUPPLEMENT
read in the early part of the nineteenth century. Probably there has come
to Mrs. Barclay some of the literary atmosphere which surrounded the life
of Professor Cowell, the learned Arabic scholar, to whose persuasion it was
due that Edward Fitzgerald took up the study of Arabic, and, therefore,
indirectly, caused to come to us, in the English language, "Omar Khayyam" ;
in fact, Professor Cowell rendered Fitzgerald valuable assistance in the
translation of the great Persian epic. Professor Cowell was Mrs. Barclay's
uncle by marriage ; he married her aunt, Elizabeth Charlesworth, and elder
sister of the author of " Ministering Children."
The great charm of Mrs. Barclay's fiction is the wholesome religious
tone which permeates her several stories. The high ideals of happy family
life, which Mrs. Barclay sets up, remind us of King George's famous message,
that the foundation of National Greatness is set in the homes of the people.
"THE SPHERE' AND "THE TATLER."
BY CLEMENT K. SHORTER, EDITOR OF "THE SPHERE."
TlylyUSTRATED journalism in England has had a very long and interesting
history. It commenced with the old broadsheets that were issued in
the seventeenth century and the eighteenth in large numbers, generally
with a single picture — now it would be of some event in the Civil
Wars — now of a notorious murder — now concerning the death of some
distinguished man. Then there came along newspapers which occasionally
gave an illustration. But there was no actual, systematic illustra-
tion of events in one journal until in 1842 Mr. Herbert Ingram,
who afterwards became M.P. for Boston, started The Illustrated London
News. Mr. Herbert Ingram was bora in Boston, Lincolnshire, a beautiful
town that he was afterwards to represent in Parliament. His early
circumstances were very poor. Among other things he had been a news-
agent's boy running round with papers, a far cry from the great position
375
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
of newspaper owner that he was ultimately to achieve. Later he removed to
Nottingham, and it is said that the great excitement over the Greenacre
murder in the thirties of last century, and the including in a Nottingham
paper of a block purporting to be a portrait of this once famous murderer,
inspired him with the idea that pictures were an additional attraction to any
journal and calculated greatly
to increase its sales. It was in
the town of Nottingham, then,
that the first idea of systematic
illustrated journalism had its
birth. Herbert Ingram came to
London. He went into partner-
ship with his brother-in-law. He
made a considerable amount of
money out of a pill — Parr's — in
honour of Old Parr, who is
reported to have lived for a
fabulous number of years. He
got John Gilbert to make a
drawing of an imaginary Old
Parr taking one of these pills,
and that drawing was a great
success and gave him another
demonstration of the public love
of pictures. It was with money made out of pills that at last in 1842
he floated The Illustrated London News, and issued it first of all
from his pill warehouse in Crane Court, Fleet Street, London. The
Illustrated London News was a tremendous success, although in its
first number there was not a single drawing taken from the artist's
actual view of an incident. There was, for example, a picture of the
great fire at Hamburg in 1841. A book block from some other fire was used,
although the event was six months old. There were pictures of a State Ball
at Buckingham Palace in which Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert,
376
CLE.MENT K. SHORTER, ESQ.
SUPPLEMENT
took part. John Gilbert, or Sir John Gilbert as he was when I knew him, told
me that he had not seen this ball, but drew entirely from his imagination.
The earlier numbers of the paper enjoyed a great prosperity, and The
Illustrated London News grew more and more successful with the years.
On a visit to America Mr. Herbert Ingram and his eldest son were
drowned near Chicago. His widow, who afterwards became Lady Watkin,
carried on the paper until her
son, William Ingram, was of
age. Mr. William Ingram, who
afterwards became Sir William
Ingram, Bart., showed a genius
certainly not less than that of
his father in continuing the
great work, and he continued it
under difficulties, for before he
came to the throne a rival
journal had started in this
country. That rival journal
was The Graphic, founded by
Mr. William Thomas. There
had been many rivals to The
Illustrated London News in the
meantime in other parts of the
world. L Illustration appeared
in Paris, The Illustrirte Zeitung
in Germany, Leslie's Weekly in New York, and so on, but The Graphic under
Mr. Thomas was a remarkable rival to The Illustrated London News, for this
gentleman had a large circle of artist friends whose work upon the paper gave
it great distinction. For many years The Graphic nourished by the side of The
Illustrated. There was room for both. In 1890 Sir William Ingram invited
the present writer to edit The Illustrated London News, a position he occupied
for ten years. In the third year of his editorship he persuaded Sir William to
found a second newspaper at sixpence — The Sketch — to be devoted to photo-
\V. I-irOH SPOTTISWOODE, USQ.
377
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
graphs and humorous drawings, and this marked a great cleavage between
the old journalism and the new, for The Illustrated London News and The
Graphic had consisted almost entirely of drawings by artists whose work
was reproduced by wood engravers. Meantime, about 1890, the
photograph obtruded itself into the world of illustrated newspapers,
and what is called the half-tone block. The Sketch was the first
newspaper that consisted entirely of photographs and half-tone blocks,
the first journal that absolutely dispensed with the wood engraver. In
1900 the present writer went to Mr. Hugh Spottiswoode, of the great
printing firm of Eyre & Spottiswoode, and proposed a third illustrated
journal which was to be considerably differentiated from The Illustrated
London News and The Graphic. The proposal was cordially received
by Mr. Spottiswoode, a partner in Messrs. Eyre & Spottiswoode, the
King's Printers, and The Sphere came into existence, followed a
year or two later by The Tatter, this latter journal having somewhat similar
aims to The Sketch, but being rather more on Society lines. Mr. George King
became Business Manager, and both he and Mr. Hugh Spottiswoode have
contributed largely to the present brilliant success of the venture. Experience
has proved that there was abundant room for both The Sphere and The Taller
in English journalism. Both are now exceedingly successful newspapers
with large circulations, and The Sphere in particular has a place of its own
very definitely marked out from any contemporary rival. C. K. S.
MESSRS. EYRE & SPOTTISWOODE.
A FEW NOTES ON THE KING'S PRINTING OFFICE, WHERE "THE SPHERE"
AND "TnE TATTER" ARE PRINTED.
BY W. HUGH SPOTTISWOODE.
CINCE Caxton set up his press at Westminster in or before the year 1477, there
have been thirty-four " Printers to the King's (or Queen's) Most Excel-
lent Majesty." Wynken de Worde and Pynson, Caxton' s apprentices or assist-
ants, were both King's Printers. Robert Barker was printer to Elizabeth and
SUPPLEMENT
James I., while John Hill held a patent from the last-named Monarch, as well
as from his unfortunate son Charles. But it would be wearisome to catalogue
the names of the whole thirty-four, and few readers will complain if I trace
the title of the present holders of the office no further back than the Reign of
Queen Anne. That sovereign, in 1713, granted a patent for the printing
and publishing of Bibles and Prayer Books and Acts of Parliament to B. Tooke
and John Barker. Soon after
it was granted John Baskett
acquired it by purchase, and
in 1715 procured a new patent
to himself for thirty years.
This was renewed from time to
time. Robert Baskett, in
1737, assigned his rights to
Mr. John Eyre, then of L,and-
ford House, Wilts, at whose
death, Charles Eyre, his
younger son, went up to L/on-
don, settled at Clapham, and
arranged with a Scotch printer
in lyondon, named Strahan, to
help him to work the patent.
The renewal of the patent was
obtained from time to time by
the influence of the Eyre
family, but at one renewal
Mr. Pitt inserted the name of a Mr. Reeves; and a new patent for
thirty years was granted by George III. in 1798 to George Eyre (son
of Charles), John Reeves, and Andre Strahan. Mr. Reeves' interest
was purchased by Mr. Strahan, and when the patent was renewed by
George IV. in 1829 it was granted to George Eyre (son of Charles and Andrew
Strahan (son of William), whose family had for years been printers to the
House of Lords. Mr. Strahan is said to have reached lyondon in his youth
A CORNER OP "THE SPHERE " AND
"THE TATLER" PRINTING ROOM.
How the large sheets are folded.
379
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
with the traditional half-crown in his pocket, yet he afterwards became rich
and Member for Malmesbury. He used to live in Printer's Street, between
Fleet Street and Holborn, and so different was the locality then from what it
is now, that this house, which is still extant, and the property of the firm, had
a pretty garden attached to it. Hither often came, from his neighbouring
quarters in Bolt Court, the famous Dr. Johnson, with Sir Joshua Reynolds,
Oliver Goldsmith, and others of
his friends. When Mr. Strahan
died, Mr. Andrew Spottiswoode,
his nephew, succeeded him. He,
too, was a man of importance,
having been Sheriff of London
and Member of Parliament.
In about the year 1847,
Mr. Andrew Spottiswoode retired
from business, and his son,
William, became Queen's Printer
in partnership with Mr. G. E.
Eyre — the private business (i.e.,
the book and job departments)
being entrusted to Mr. George
Andrew Spottiswoode, the second
son. From that date onward
the two firms have remained
quite distinct as regards their
personnel, but are working together as regards their business policy.
Besides their chief printing office in East Harding Street, where all
their newspapers and Government work are printed, Messrs. Eyre
& Spottiswoode have a large Bible and magazine and book printing
establishment at Hackney, where also colour posters and catalogues
are printed for big corporations such as The Canadian Pacific Rail-
way and the leading firms of British traders who have so largely augmented
their business by the judicious distribution of artistic catalogues. The firm
380
ANOTHER VIEW OF THE PRINTING WORKS.
Feeding the Sheets into the Machine.
SUPPLEMENT
has also other branches for Government work at the India Office and the
British Museum, and they have held Government contracts since 1851, and the
number of hands they employ runs into several thousands. The quantity of
standing matter in Government work only on the premises is enormous,
representing about 1,800 tons of type.
During the period of preparation for the production of The
Sphere, it was necessary to re-organise the King's Printers' Office to
bring it up to the requirements of the highest quality of half-tone
block printing. At that time the United States were undoubtedly
ahead of Great Britain in this particular branch of the art of printing,
and it therefore devolved upon the members of the firm, who were the
largest shareholders, and who still have practical control of the papers,
to search America for the latest " up-to-date" machinery.
The policy of the King's Printers has been from that time onwards to
keep their complete outfit entirely modern, and directly any machine or process
gets out of date they have been able to substitute the latest inventions, which
keep The Sphere and The Tatter in the forefront of modern journalism.
RAPHAEL TUCK & SONS, LD.
THREE centuries ago there stood in Moorfields, hard by the Old Moor
Gate of the City of lyondon, an inn of the type which figures in
Chaucer's verse as the starting-point of his " Canterbury Pilgrims." Its
sign was that of a White Swan, and in the rear of the building there
was a spacious garden, rich with the flowers and fruits of Old England.
Many a weary traveller, bent on business in the City near by, took his
ease in this ancient hostelry, refreshing his body with the wholesome fare
of the olden time, and having his eyes gladdened with the beauty of
verdure and blossom in the garden close by. Time has laid its
transforming hand upon Moorfields, as well as upon many another district
in the Metropolis, and to-day where, three hundred years ago, there were
381
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
meadows and gardens and hostelries, huge warehouses, the hives of
busy workers from early morn to late evening, are clustered together.
Most conspicuous among these is Raphael House, the foundation-stone
of which was laid by Mr. Raphael Tuck on the 4th April, 1898.
Thirty-three years previous to that date the original foundation-stone
of the firm was laid by him, in Union Street (now Brushfield Street), Bishops-
gate, and in three years the
development of the business
was such as to necessitate
removal to larger premises
in the City Road. Here, with
ever-increasing difficulty in
the matter of accommoda-
tion, the business was carried
on until 1881, in which year
another removal — this time
to Coleman Street — became
necessary. From that time
onwards, different premises
were acquired in the same
neighbourhood to house
various branches of the busi-
ness, until the principals
of the firm, hampered by
the laborious work of carry-
ing on a great industry with its various departments scattered in
different buildings, awoke to the necessity of erecting a structure such
as would bring all those departments under one roof, and, in 1897,
after nearly five years spent in a fruitless search for a suitable site, it
was possible to take a decided step forward in the erecting of Raphael
House, and building operations were begun in September on the
site of the old city premises of Messrs. Smee & Cobay, the respected
Quaker firm in Moorfields, which had been occupied by them for over
382
RAPHAEL TUCK,
]•' minder of the Firm.
SUPPLEMENT
three quarters of a century. This imposing edifice has been fitted
with every up-to-date luxury and convenience, regardless of cost, both for
the comfort of the employes and the easy facilities afforded in every direction
for the carrying on such a huge concern.
The Christmas Card department has for many years bulked largely
in the business of the firm, and it is well known that that department by no
means exhausts its activities.
Indeed, the Card Department
alone is one of many ramifica-
tions, including Birthday Cards,
Easter Cards, Wedding Cards,
Menus, Religious Motto Cards,
etc., these subdivided in their
turn into three distinct depart-
ments, namely, Coloured Cards,
Black and White Cards, and
Boxed and Packeted Cards,
each provided with a separate
staff and presided over by
different Managers. Then there
is a Private Greeting-Card
Department . The Calendar
Department, with its infinitely
varied and beautiful publica-
tions, from the simple tear-off
Calendar to the dainty gems for a duchess's boudoir, bulks very largely
in the business of the firm. Again, one of the most important depart-
ments comprises Toy-Books, Gift-Books, Booklets, Birthday Books, etc.
This branch of the business is ever increasing in magnitude. Indeed,
" Father Tuck's " name is as well known in the nursery as that
of Father Christmas. While these books have lavished upon them
the perfection of printing and the greatest skill in design, care is also
taken that their contents shall partake of an educational character,
383
SIR ADOIJ'H TUCK,
Managing Director.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
and there will be many millions of the coming generation who will be able
to trace their early knowledge of the masterpieces of literature, and of
many branches of information, to their childish persual of "Father Tuck's"
gift-books and toy -books. It is pleasing to find that the Educational Depart-
ment is made a special feature of, introduced as it is in an attractive and
interesting manner in many of these high-class publications. For example,
an important series of object-lesson charts has been added to the publications
of the firm, and the value of these is sufficiently demonstrated by the fact
that they have been adopted
by the London School Board.
And here mention may be
made of the Wall Text and
Scripture Motto Department,
which ranges over quite an
important field in the matter
of style, design and price, the
Reward Text Series in par-
ticular being largely drawn
upon by teachers of all de-
nominations throughout the
country. Special mention
should be made of the
Engraving Department, with
its exquisite reproductions in
photogravure, photochrome,
etching, etc., of the works of
the leading artists of the past
and present. Of equal magnitude is the Chromo, Oleograph, and Art Study
Department, embracing as it does the largest collection of art studies in the
world. These number upwards of 3,000 pictures, and they have for long been
immensely popular with all classes of amateur and professional artists.
Then, again, the advertising world has not been forgotten ; indeed, the Show-
Card Department makes a very fine display, and it is not surprising how this
384
GUSTAVE TUCK, ESQ.,
Director.
SUPPLEMENT
comparatively new branch of the business is increasing by leaps and
bounds when the designs already made for some of the leading
advertisers in the kingdom have been seen. Pictorial Post-Cards,
daintily printed in colours, have been added to the publications
of the firm, and as these pleasant souvenirs of travel have already
taken a firm hold upon the public, this branch of the business must
necessarily develop into a very important section.
Until 1881 Mr. Raphael
Tuck, the revered founder of
the firm, remained in active
touch with all its activities,
although Mr. Adolph Tuck
joined his father in 1870, and
was followed by his brothers,
Mr. Gustave Tuck and Mr.
Herman Tuck, in 1871. In
1881, Mr. Raphael Tuck de-
cided to retire from the
business to a well-earned rest,
and while he did so, to the
regret of all with whom he
had been associated, he carried
with him a priceless heritage
of hearty esteem and cordial
wishes for his happiness in
private life. Whether under
the control of Mr. Raphael Tuck or that of his sons, the business of the
firm ever maintained its increase, and continues to move forward on the road
of success. A few years ago the firm was turned, for family reasons, into
a limited company ; but the shares were not offered for public subscription,
but taken up by the Directors, some of the older employes being permitted
to take a proportion. Mr. Adolph Tuck, upon whom His Majesty conferred
a Baronetcy in 1910, became Managing Director, retaining his control as
385
SIR ARTHUR COXAX DOYI.n,
Director.
AA
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
Principal of the Card and the various Art Departments, and Mr. Gustave
Tuck, Director, and Manager of the Book and Calendar Departments, while
the third Director, Mr. Herman Tuck, undertook the financial part of
the business.
This brief record of the firm would be incomplete without reference to
the fact that Messrs. Tuck
have been closely connected
with Royalty for a long suc-
cession of years, during the
reigns of Queen Victoria, the
late King Edward, and the
present King, holding Warrants
of appointment from all three
Sovereigns. In 1892 they
were specially commanded to
reproduce for the nation the
pathetic letter which Her
Majesty addressed to her loyal
subjects expressing her
acknowledgment of the deep
sympathy which was called
forth by the lamented death
of the Duke of Clarence.
On the demise of King
Edward VII., Messrs. Tuck published by command Queen Alexandra's
letter to the nation, and also that of King George. A further recognition
of the achievements of the firm is furnished by the large series of gold
medals which have been awarded to its publications at every exhibition
in which they have been shown, notably at the memorable exhibitions
held at Chicago and at Paris.
Raphael House is a worthy home of its enterprising proprietors. With
extended frontage on three streets, it forms a complete block in itself. It
is admirably lighted, and designed throughout with an eye to safety,
386
ALFRED PARSONS, ESQ., R.A.,
Director.
SUPPLEMENT
efficiency, and to the comfort of those who occupy it. The regular
staff includes 300 women and girls. As you go from room to room,
ascending one floor after
another, until you reach the
top, from which you look
over the roofs of central
London to the great dome
of St. Paul's, you feel
everywhere the constant
pressure of an intelligence
which foresees everything to
its use, and has at the same
time given a unity of purpose
and community of interest
to all the workers in this
teeming house of industry.
Whatever may be said con-
cerning other establishments
in this old country, Raphael DESMOND A TUCK, ESQ.,
House is in every depart-
ment, from roof to basement, up-to-date and abreast of the times.
MESSRS. WILLIAMS & NORGATE,
PUBLISHERS.
THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY.
way in which a publisher, like an author, develops on personal
and distinctive lines, is emphasized by this firm, which was founded
early in 1843, the two partners being Mr. E. Sydney Williams and
Mr. Frederic Norgate. Mr. Williams had been educated in Hamburg,
and Mr. Norgate had been educated for the Church. The partnership was
387
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
continued until 1864, when Mr. Williams carried on the business alone
until his death in 1891. His son, Mr. Geoffrey Williams, three years ago
took into partnership Sir Home Gordon, and the two are the present
energetic controllers of the business, which has been at 14, Henrietta Street
since the start, whilst additional premises running through to Maiden Lane
were taken over some thirty years ago.
In the early days the
business consisted chiefly of
the importation of Continental
books, especially German, and
that still remains an impor-
tant branch. Being in close
touch with Continental
thought, it was natural to
pass from the importation of
the original works to the
publication of translations of
them ; and one of the early
undertakings of this sort was
Strauss's " New Life of Jesus,"
which was published in
England in 1865.
From 1864 to 1899
Williams & Xorgate also pub-
lished "The Theological
Review," a journal of religious thought and life ; and for the last ten years
they have been publishers of the famous " Hibbert Journal."
The reputation of the " Hibbert Journal " is such that no one who is
interested in religious questions of the present day can ignore it. In 1872 the
Theological Translation Fund was started, with the object of presenting
the English-speaking public " with the best results of theological investigation
on the Continent, conducted without reference to doctrinal considerations,
and with the sole purpose of arriving at the truth." Among the signatures
GEOFFREY WILLIAMS, ESQ.
SUPPLEMENT
of the original prospectus were Principal Tulloch, Dr. Jowett, Dean Stanley,
James Martineau, and James Donaldson.
The publishing activities of the house have not, however, been confined
to theology. In 1862 Herbert Spencer arranged for the publication through
them of his " Synthetic Philosophy." All his subsequent works were issued
through the house. The two sides of the business, that of publishers and
book-importers, have brought many men of eminence to 14, Henrietta Street.
Huxley was one of these, and his work, " Man's Place in Nature,"
was first issued by the firm. There also came Lord John Russell, Biinsen,
the German Ambassador, Prince Lucien Bonaparte, James Martineau,
and Lord Avebury (Sir John Lubbock), whose "Prehistoric Times" is
published by the house. Mr. Gladstone also was a frequent visitor ;
and many times, when followed by a crowd, did he avail himself of
the goods entrance in Maiden Lane to escape his admiring but incon-
venient followers.
In the last few years the publishing sphere of the house has been very
much widened. Reminiscences, such as those of Dr. Boyd Carpenter, the
late Bishop of Ripon, and now Canon of Westminster, the philosophical
studies of Professor Jacks, a handsomely illustrated volume on London,
by Sir Laurence Gomme, the Life of General Sir Alex. Taylor, notable
works on Gardening, by Mrs. Martineau and Mr. L. B. Meredith, and
translations of a number of Professor Rudolf Eucken's works, are amongst
those that at once suggest themselves.
But, unquestionably, the greatest effort of Messrs. Williams & Norgate,
and one of the most interesting and significant events of the new reign, was
the launching of the " Home University Library of Modern Knowledge,"
at one shilling per volume. Until this remarkable and inclusive series
appeared there was no means of instruction between the expensive book
and the brief essay or article. This is no library of reprints of classic authors,
but consists of treatises on every variety of subject by the best living authori-
ties, embodying the results of the very latest research, and it is designed, not
for the highly educated public, as similar higher priced series have been in
the past, but for the vast mass of the people of the Empire who can read and
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GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
write, but whose work has stood in the way of their devoting much time to
higher education.
The fact that the Library immediately attained a wide circulation
and was hailed with enthusiasm by all sorts and conditions of men and women,
especially those of the working and artisan classes, is a striking proof of the
influence that the Education Acts have had on the mental calibre of the
nation. For these are no books for those who would merely be amused.
They demand careful reading
and close attention, and yet
they have been distributed
by the hundred thousand to
all parts of the English-
speaking world.
The publishers have been
particularly fortunate in their
editors, Professor Gilbert
Murray, Mr. Herbert Fisher,
Professor J. Arthur Thomson,
with the co-operation of Pro-
fessor Brewster of Columbia
University. The series, origin-
ally planned for one hundred
volumes, but now destined
to extend beyond that number,
is divided into five main sec-
SIR HOME GORDON, BAKI.
tions, History and Geography,
Literature and Art, Science, Philosophy and Religion, and Social Science.
To enumerate the writers would be to recite the weightiest authorities on
their topics. Suffice it to mention that L,ord Hugh Cecil wrote on " Con-
servatism," the Hon. Bertrand Russell on "Problems of Philosophy," Mr.
Masefield on " Shakespeare," Sir Courtenay Ilbert on " Parliament," Sir
William Barrett on " Psychical Research," Sir William Holderness on " India,"
Sir Harry Johnston on " The Opening-Up of Africa," Professor McDougall
39°
SUPPLEMENT
on " Psychology," Professor Pollard on " The History of England," and
Mr. Ramsay MacDonald on " Socialism."
Each book sets forth its subject plainly as the intelligent man or woman
wants to know it, whilst a bibliography is attached to enable the study to be
further pursued. But this Library is no collection of fortuitous volumes ;
it is a connected whole : each volume is a brick of a symmetrical temple of
Modern Knowledge. Thus is attained the cumulative and overwhelming
force of this effort to bring the knowledge associated with a University
within the grasp of rich and poor alike. Lord Rosebery, Mr. Arthur J.
Balfour, Lord Bryce, and Mr. John Burns were among the first to testify
to the educational importance of the movement.
In the present democratic age, when every voter is supposed to share
the responsibilities for our national or municipal activities, knowledge is an
all-important factor of Imperial existence, and in supplying such knowledge
this series can claim no small position. It may ultimately prove a living
force years after the present strife of politicians. Knowledge is power, and
the Home University Library thus puts intelligent power within the reach
of all. The reader who diligently follows the series becomes educated rather
than " crammed." By means, too, of a bibliography in each volume, the
further limits of specialism are indicated. It gives a unique position through-
out the English-speaking world to a firm which for long has held an honourable
place in London publishing.
301
SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS
THE BRITISH UNION FOR THE ABOLITION OF
VIVISECTION.
THE ABUSES OF VIVISECTION.
BY WALTER R. HADWEN, M.D., J.P.
E anti- vivisection movement was started in this country by the late
Miss Frances Power Cobbe in the early seventies, as a movement for
the emancipation of living
(often domesticated)
animals from the cruellest
misuse to which it is
possible to put them. It
has become more than
that ; it now stands also
as a movement for the
emancipation of mankind
from superstitious and
irrational ideas and—
what is of supreme im-
portance— from the school
of medicine founded upon
such ideas. These ideas
are the result of the
unscientific process of
reasoning from animals
(which differ physiologi-
cally and anatomically from each other and from man) to man himself.
This process, inexact in its inception, has opened the gates to a horde of
WALTER R. HADWEN. M.D.. J.P., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., L.S.A.,
President.
393
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
undigested theories which are hastily accepted without proof, and has encour-
aged inexactitude in the scientific laboratory, the place above all others where
exactitude is necessary.
The theory which, through the failure of Koch's postulates (see " Lancet,"
March 2oih. 1909), can never be more than a theory, that specific diseases
are caused by specific germs, has latterly engaged a large number of
scientific men, professionally or otherwise, in the fascinating pursuit of
inoculating animals with morbid matter and watching the results, — a
process which it is impossible to separate
from cruelty often of the grossest description.
The fruits of this occupation are to be
seen in the fantastic doctrines taught in
the current medical school, of which I
em:merate a few.
(1) A healthy person may endanger
the community as a " carrier " of the germs
of a disease experienced fifty-two years
previously. ("Lancet," August i^th, 1908.)
(2) A person may be held to have
infected food which she never saw or handled
with the germs of a fever which she has
never had. (Sec "Medical Annual" for
1910, page 704; and "The Abolitionist" of
November, 1910, and February, 1911, in which
all the details are given on first hand evidence.)
(3) " Washing encourages the microbes of the skin, so that I do not
think cleanliness is to be recommended as a hygienic method." (Sir Almroth
Wright, Speech on Bacteriology and Hygiene, at the Theatre of the Civil Service
Commissioners, March, 1911.)
(4) " The visitations of Plague have nothing to do with cleanliness and
sanitation ; an elaborate drainage system is — so far as plague is concerned
—rather a disadvantage than an advantage ; for the more drains the more
rats." (See " Evening News," March zoth, 1911.)
THIv RLCV. R. IX MONRO, M.A.,
Chairman of the Executive Committee.
394
SUPPLEMENT
MISS FRAXCKS POWER
COU BE,
Foundress of the Society.
(5) Milk should be soured by a special Bulgarian bacillus to ensure
long life.
(6) " Here there seems to be a rational (?) method by which we may
strive to strengthen the higher elements of the human body, and so prevent
them from growing old. The task at first sight
indeed seems an easy one, only necessitating the
injection of a horse, or other animal, with finely
minced atoms of human organs, such as brains,
heart, liver, kidneys, etc., when serums could be
drawn off in the course of a few weeks capable of
acting upon these organs."
" The large intestine must be regarded as one
of the organs possessed by man and yet harmful to
his health and his life."
" The stomach is an organ that the human
body would do well to be rid of. It is not so use-
less as the large intestine since it is the chief seat of digestion of albumin-
ous substances, but the small intestine could
take its place." (Metchnikoff, " The Nature of
Man."}
Added to the folly of such pronounce-
ments— and a long list of others could be
added — which is obvious to anybody not
obsessed by the popular germ-theory, is the
fact that sera and vaccines are continually
put upon the market, which fail to produce
any diminution in the death-rate from the
diseases they are intended to prevent or to
cure — as witness the continually increased
plague-mortality in India, and the fact that,
during the five years after the diphtheritic
antitoxin was introduced, the death-rate
THE REV. J. STRATTON, M.A., . .„. ( ., •,
Hon. Treasurer. from that disease per million of the popula-
395
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
tion was the highest on record. Added, also, must be the number of
deaths directly and admittedly due to these extraordinary nostrums,
which can be regarded as neither natural, cleanly, nor scientific, and
the fact that they divert medical attention from the real causes of disease.
The British Union for Abolition of Vivisection (the Society founded
by Miss Cobbe when the earlier Society which she had founded, now known
as the " National," adopted a policy of asking merely for the regulation of
vivisection) endeavours to bring
before the public the flimsy
evidence and loose reasoning upon
which the theories underlying
these treatments are based (see
the case of Malta Fever discussed
in the " Contemporary Review "
of August and November, 1909),
and thus to justify the principle
of anti-vivisection that what is
morally wrong is never scientifi-
cally right. " The Abolitionist,"
the monthly organ of the British
Union, turns the searchlight of
criticism upon each theory of the
vivisectionist school as advanced,
and is thus the best weapon to
use in anti-vivisectionist con-
troversy. It is our endeavour to give the fairest and fullest opportunity
to the consideration of the arguments of our opponents, and with this
end in view we have published both sides whenever we could obtain
a detailed exposition in defence of vivisection from the leading
authorities of the vivisectionist school. Several of our publications
consist of these controversies, as we are averse to the general principle
of issuing literature which ignores or conceals the other side. The
British Union, owing to its adoption of critical as well as humani-
396
Miles & Have.
HISS BEATRICE E. KIDD,
Secretarv.
SUPPLEMENT
tarian arguments, exercises an enormous influence throughout the
country. In the year 1900 it had only eleven Branches ; it now has
fifty ; and as it organises campaigns continually in one town after another
it is steadily adding to them. It is the largest Anti- Vivisection Society
in the British Isles.
It has also its friends in Parliament, and on its Committee sit repre-
sentatives of both Houses in the persons of lyord Tenterden and Mr. H. G.
Chancellor, M.P. The latter has been the first to institute a definitely
organised anti-vivisection
movement within the
House of Commons. A
Committee has been ap-
pointed which meets
there, and for which he
acts as Hon. Secretary.
The "whole-hogger"
policy is found to meet
with a ready acceptance,
for to those who devote
even a short time to the
consideration of the
subject its necessity is
obvious. Mr. Byrne, chief
clerk at the Home Office,
told the Royal Commis-
sion on Vivisection—
(Q. 164) "Attempts,
mostly unsuccessful, were made to divide the experiments returned into
painful and painless. That has now been given up, and the last return
does not even profess to do so."
Dr. Thane, the Chief Inspector, said—
(Q- J335) " The Inspector never could distinguish exactly which
experiments were painless and which were painful, and the experimenters
BBITISH ITNION
ABOLITION Or
VIVISECTION
A "SHOP CAMPAIGN."
397
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
and the observers themselves cannot distinguish in a very large number
of cases."
The Inspectors, men necessarily trained in the atmosphere of vivi-
section, are invariably strong advocates of the practice ; hence their presence
is not objected to by vivisectors, who decline to allow an anti-vivisectionist
medical man to enter their laboratories. There are insuperable obstacles
to the restriction of vivisection, and seeing that it is fundamentally immoral
in principle, unscientific in working, and found on an impartial examination
to be barren of useful results, there is no reason why it should not be success-
fully opposed as a system, as slavery was by those who bore the name of
" Abolitionists " in the past.
THE NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY.
BY THE HON. STEPHEN COLERIDGE.
National Anti- Vivisection Society was originally founded in
1876 by the Earl of Shaftesbury, Cardinal Manning, L/ord Chief
Justice Coleridge, Archdeacon Wilberforce, and Miss Frances Cobbe. It
was quickly joined by the great leaders of thought and ethics, and received
the public support of such men as Froude, Carlyle, Tennyson, Browning,
and Ruskin.
L,ord Morley of Blackburn, the last survivor of the literary giants
of the nineteenth century, still lends the Society the illustrious support
of his august name. William Watson carries forward into our own times
the traditional verdict of the poets on this vital and classic combat.
The broad principles on which the Society relies are that material
benefits ought not to be sought for by morally evil methods ; that
knowledge which can only be obtained by the infliction of dreadful
suffering upon innocent animals can never bring blessings upon mankind ;
398
DISTINGUISHED SUPPORTERS OF THE NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY.
LORD MORLEY OF BLACKBURN,
JOHN RUSKIN.
THOMAS CARLYLE.
LORD TENNYSON.
LORD I.I.A NGA TTOCK
(President),
THE LATE EARJ. OF SHAFTESISURY, K.G.
(First President of the Society).
THE HON. STEPHEN COLERIDGE
(Director and Treasurer).
MARK TWAIN.
LORD LOREBURN
(Ijrrd Chancellor).
CARDINAL MANNING.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
that if a choice lies between foregoing a research or abandoning the
principles of mercy, it is better for us all to be pitiful than to be in
possession of any item of knowledge, and that the tree of knowledge
should cheerfully be sacrificed for the tree of life.
The Society stands forth as the champion of things spiritual as
against things merely corporeal.
Vivisection has never claimed to do more for mankind than to
improve bodily health and ascertain the laws of physiology.
But great thoughts all come from the heart, and those to whom
it has been vouchsafed to give expression to its highest emotions and
aspirations have never failed to tell us that if all mankind were to
receive corporeal benefits from the torture of animals it would not
be an adequate recompense for the disappearance of pity from the
world.
The desire for knowledge is a respectable quality in a man ; curiosity,
though shared with the monkeys, deserves no reprehension; groping in
the gory entrails of a dead dog may not be so admirable an occupation
as watching and studying its habits when alive, but so long as the
dog be dead or incapable of sensation, it does not deject him who
practises it below the level of a butcher or a slaughterman in taste and
morality.
But the practice of a vivisection, whenever it involves the
misery and anguish of a helpless animal, suffers a debasement and
degradation that exclude it entirely from classification among the noble
sciences.
The vivisector is interested in the palpitating intestines of a living
dissected dog ; the rest of mankind is interested in the dog's capacity for
love, devotion, faith, and sublime self-sacrifice, in its display of qualities
of heart and character that may truly put many of us to the blush; and
if the ultimate destiny of man is to rise from dreary materialism to
the realisation of his spiritual aspirations, to look up instead of down,
the practice of painful vivisection must disappear from the earth as
certainly as darkness is driven out before the rising of the dawn.
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SUPPLEMENT
THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION
OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.
WHY IT WAS NEEDED AND WHAT IT HAS DONE.
BY EDWARD G. FAIRHOLME, SECRETARY.
TT is interesting to look back through the past and watch the gradual
•*• change of public opinion towards a higher civilisation — and it is
gratifying to realise that the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals has contributed its share towards this end, not only for the
benefit of our own country, but also for the whole world.
Two startling facts stand out and show eloquently how much
has been done during the last hundred years.
In 1809 the noble Members of the House of Lords jeered when a
Bill was introduced for the amelioration of animals; while the Honour-
able Members of the House of Com-
mons, or the majority of them, felt
that it was not " a subject for legisla-
tion."
In 1910, when Mr. George Green-
wood, M.P. for Peterborough, and a
member of the Council of the
R.S.P.C.A., introduced on behalf of
that Society a Bill to ameliorate the
condition of old and worn-out horses
intended for export, he was greeted
with cheers, and the Bill was passed
in an incredibly short time.
Truly, times have changed ! A
little over one hundred years ago, RICHARD MARTIN, KSQ , M.P
who earned himself the title of Humanity Dick, by his
when a man was charged with horrible
BB 401
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
cruelty to a cow, the case was dismissed because the cow was considered to
be only a farm implement, and so was the man's own property ! A few
years after that amazing judicial verdict, in 1809, Lord Erskine had the
temerity to introduce a Bill for the protection of animals into the House of
Lords, and this endeavour was greeted with cat-calls and other attempts
to silence him. But the seed was sown. Richard Martin, M.P. for
Galway, now known to history as " Humanity Dick," took up the cause,
and again and again attacked the subject, until in 1822 his Bill, which
was called " an Act to prevent the Cruel and Improper Treatment
of Cattle," now known as " Martin's Act," was passed. And the seed brought
forth fruit.
A meeting was called, to quote from the advertisement in John
Bull of November 3rd, 1822, when it was resolved : " That a Society be
formed for the purpose of preventing, as far as possible, the cruel treatment
of brute animals." The founder was the Rev. Arthur Broome. L,ittle
progress was made till two years later, when we read of this pioneer giving
evidence at a meeting, held to carry out his scheme, as to the horrible cruelties
in the streets, which were so common that they escaped comment. At
this meeting, held on June i6th, 1824, with Mr. T. Fowell Buxton, M.P.,
in the chair, certain guiding principles were agreed to, and a committee
was formed, to include such splendid workers as Richard Martin, M.P.,
William Wilberforce, M.P., and L,ewis Gompertz. It is interesting to note,
too, that among the first members to join the Society was Elizabeth Fry,
of Prison Reform fame.
Unfortunately, the public, inured to cruel sights by bull-running, bear-
baiting, cock-fighting, and the like, did not support the work, which was
being carried on against great opposition, and in 1829 a meeting was called
to wind up the affairs of the Society owing to a lack of funds. Statesmen
considered — as do some people still — that brutality and strength were
synonymous terms, and grew eloquent in support of bull-running and baiting,
when the first attack was made against these " sports," but such pleadings
were valueless against the conviction of men like Richard Brinsley Sheridan,
who considered that " it was the most mischievous of all amusements and
402
SUPPLEMENT
most calculated to brutalise their manners." He further stated that " lie
must consider cruelty to brute animals a crime, and therefore if there were
no laws to prevent, if not to punish, such cruelties, there certainly ought
to be."
Help came, however, from an unexpected source, in the shape of a
legacy from Mrs. Radcliffe, the novelist, and another attempt was made
to continue the beneficent work of the vSociety. It was the turning-point
in its fortunes.
WHAT IT HAS DONE.— the subjects of bull-baiting and dog-
fights were again and again introduced into Parliament, and further
questions as to the cruelties in knackers' yards, cruelty to dogs, the
skinning of live cats, slaughter-house reform, the suppression of cock-pits,
etc., were brought up, negatived, and withdrawn. Each year such matters
were brought to the notice of the Government, and this continuous
action at length made its impression felt. The Press took up the subject,
and, one by one, the outworks of cruelty were stormed and taken.
Petitions were presented to Parliament praying for an extension of
" Martin's Act," and for the betterment of slaughter-house conditions ;
bylaws were passed by various local governing bodies prohibiting
gross, and by now recognised cruelties. In 1835, the Cruelty to Animals
Act (5 and 6 Wm. IV.), amending "Martin's Act" and suppressing
bull-baiting, bear-fighting, cock-fighting, dog-fighting, etc., was passed,
and two years later this Act was extended to Ireland. In 1837 the Society
instituted a prosecution for bull-running at Stamford, and obtained a
conviction. But this " sport " was not stamped out until the Society
appealed to the Secretary of State, Lord John Russell, who, in the following
year, sent a troop of thirty-five men of the I4th Light Dragoons and twelve
Metropolitan policemen to Stamford, assisted by " twenty respectable
tradesmen " to put an end to the " sport." It was also stopped at Stone,
in Staffordshire, in the same year.
Perhaps the greatest encouragement in the Society's work came in
1840, when Queen Victoria granted it the prefix " Royal," which title it
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GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
has enjoyed ever since. Even before her accession to the Throne as a girl
of sixteen, her late Majesty showed her sympathy and interest with its cause
by becoming Patroness, for she realised, to quote her own words, that " No
civilisation is complete which does not include within its sphere of charity
and mercy the dumb and defenceless of God's creation." It needed
courage in those days, when the whole question of humanity to animals
was looked upon as a madness, for a girl of sixteen years of age to
enlist on the side of those who were the subjects of ribald jokes ; but her
wonderful instinct for what was good for her country, besides her kind
heart, made her show a
practical interest in the work,
which has since enjoyed the
support of her successors, in-
cluding his Majesty King
George V., who is now its
Patron, and was for many
years its President. We can-
not here treat of the many
reforms which the Society has
introduced, as, for instance,
the prohibition of the use of
dogs as draught animals, the dubbing of cocks, the cropping of dogs'
ears, the slow bleeding of calves, the dishorning of cattle, the regulation
of knackers' yards, and the creation, extension, consolidation and amend-
ment of the various Animal Acts of Parliament. It is sufficient to say
that the R.S.P.C.A. is the mother of the many societies to be found all
over the world, and that it grew from small beginnings and passed
through countless vicissitudes, until it has become one of the important
actors working for a higher civilisation.
It has not only created laws — it has seen that they were kept, and
it has obtained over two hundred and thirty-nine thousand convic-
tions in cases of cruelty to animals. About seven thousand people
are unfortunately convicted annually, while over twenty-five thousand
A TYPICAL R.S.P.C.A. CASIv
404
SUPPLEMENT
people receive warnings from the Society's inspectors during each
year.
Exit that has been and is only one side of its work — the prosecution
—which, because it brings notoriety, has given many people the false
impression that its object is to put people in prison. The Society's real
and important object is to keep people out of prison by engrafting in them,
by education, a moral responsibility towards the animals in their charge.
And for this purpose it publishes and circulates broadcast cautionary placards
to warn would-be offenders. By its one hundred and eighty inspectors,
and by its organisation of six hundred and ninety branches and auxiliaries
in England and Wales, it advises on the proper treatment of animals, so
that, while in the one hand it bears the " big stick of correction " for those
who deserve it, it endeavours with the other hand to lead people, by persuasion,
to a better understanding of those very animals, their natures and their
needs.
It must also be borne in mind that an incalculable amount of
suffering is prevented annually by the presence of the Society's inspectors,
and it is the only Society of the kind which employs uniformed men
on the roads, at race meetings, rabbit coursing matches, pigeon shoots,
menageries, live-stock dealers' shops, fairs, cattle markets, and other
places where animals are sold or employed, such as in carting for building
purposes, market gardens, going up steep hills, at seaside resorts, and
in pleasure gardens and exhibitions. Ignorant and cruel people are thus
deterred from breaking the laws by recognising the Society's uniformed
inspectors.
ITS EDUCATIONAL WORK.— The Society presents silver medals for
animal life-saving at great personal danger, and rewards lesser acts of
gallantry with framed certificates. Its education propaganda is carried
on by holding Annual School Essay Competitions on the subject of
" Kindness to Animals " under the auspices of the Ladies' Education
Committee ; by organising Bands of Mercy for children all over the
country ; by inviting the clergy to preach sermons on mercy towards
4°5
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
the dumb creation on Animal Sunday (fourth Sunday after Trinity) ;
by gratis lantern lectures, addresses, and entertainments ; by its publica-
tions, The Animal World and Band of Mercy ; by lending, gratis,
selections from the very large and unique collection of lantern slides
and readings ; and by issuing thousands of instructive pamphlets on the
treatment and uses of animals.
It will, therefore, be seen that education against cruelty is the most
powerful weapon, for education means a greater knowledge, while cruelty
means a lack of it, both of the sufferings and cruelties involved, and of the
needs for proper treatment which we all — human and animal alike — inherit
by right. Therefore it pursues a practical policy by having stalls at
agricultural shows, horse shows, and at other places attended by men who
earn their livelihood by dealing in animals, i.e., farmers, shepherds, drovers,
stablemen, farriers, and the like, with whom it would otherwise be difficult
to get into touch. It creates friendly relations with such men by holding
suppers for drovers and slaughtermen, and cabmen's teas, and by organising
horse parades and donkey shows, at which substantial prizes are given for
the best conditioned animals. It also draws public attention to the special
needs of animals by letters and advertisements in the public press, on such
subjects as deserted cats, chained-up dogs, dogs following bicycles, the
wearing of osprey feathers, the tight hame and bearing reigns, docking, etc.
The R.S.P.C.A. works not only to better the treatment of animals,
but it also aims at the improvement of a child's moral nature by widening
his interest in life, and by teaching him forbearance, self-control and courtesy.
For, as Ruskin said, "It is character building which is our great business
in this world. No small part is done by our treatment of the animals com-
mitted to our care."
A FEW SUBJECTS IT DEALS WITH.— One of the important
reformations the R.S.P.C.A. has been ceaselessly striving to bring about is
in connection with our slaughter-houses. And perhaps the most helpful
step in the right direction, with regard to the last point mentioned,
has been the invention of the R.S.P.C.A. Humane Cattle Killer,
400
SUPPLEMENT
and more recently that of the R.S.P.C.A. Slaughtering Pistol, which
are both sold at absolutely cost price by the Society. This appliance
is now in constant use in over one thousand four hundred slaughter-
houses, and its qualities are daily becoming recognised. In many
districts the Society's inspectors have now been appointed Assistant
Sanitary Inspectors, which position gives them the right of entry into
public and private slaughter-houses while the killing is in process.
The Society has worked energet-
ically to suppress the cruelties
involved in the traffic in old horses,
for food purposes, to the Continent ;
in the use of ponies in coal mines ;
and in the performances of trained
animals at music-halls and circuses
—in fact, anywhere and everywhere
where animals are utilised, the
Society's inspectors are watchful
to protect them from abuse and
torture.
DESERTED AND STARVING.
A fnnn of cruelty far too common, and against which
the Society is constantly appealing.
The vSociety receives no Govern-
ment grant, and takes no share of the penalties inflicted as a result
of its prosecutions, therefore it is solely dependent on the generosity
of the public, for it is only supported by voluntary contributions, and
the increasing operations of the R.S.P.C.A. have drawn from its funds
an amount vastly exceeding the yearly subscriptions. It has worked
steadily, borne contumely bravely, so that it has become stronger every
year until it has come to be recognised to be, as was said by the late
King Edward VII., " one of the great important philanthropic societies
of this country." Each year brings some fresh reform, as each year
brings some fresh work to be done, and truly it can claim that it has
worked unremittingly
" . . .in fighting for the weak,
In voicing truth for those who cannot speak,"
407
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
and
" . . .in leading many a thoughtless mind
To think of being kind."
In a short article it is naturally impossible to deal with special cases,
but the illustrations will bring home to the mind of the reader why the Society
is needed, and what it has done during the eighty-six years of its existence.
THE BOY SCOUT IN 1911.
BY LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR ROBERT BADEN-POWELL, K.C.B.
SCOUTING.
'"T^HE other day a small boy in Brussels was coming out of church
**- with his mother after hearing the parable of the Wise and
Foolish Virgins, and he remarked, "Mother, if those Virgins had been
brought up as Boy Scouts there would have been no story to tell
about them."
" Why ? "
" Because had they been Boy Scouts the wise ones would have given
half their oil to the foolish ones, and there would not have been all
that fuss."
This showed that the boy, at any rate, appreciated the spirit of the
Boy Scout training.
People who have seen our parks and commons overrun with small boys
with hats and staves and bare knees, have been apt to think the whole of their
object in life was to run about stalking each other, and have not recognized
that underneath these games lies an inner and deeper meaning. The essence
of scouting for boys is, in fact, an education in good citizenship by which
they are taught helpfulness to others and self-sacrifice in the common cause,
in addition to development of resourcefulness, self-reliance and bodily health.
And there is need of it.
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THE NATIONAL NEED OF IT.— Our great Empire is to-day to
the rest of the world very much what the Roman Empire was two
thousand years ago. But the Roman Empire, great as it was, fell.
" The same causes which brought about the fall of the great Roman Empire
are working to-day in Great Britain."
These words were
lately spoken by one of
our best known demo-
cratic politicians, and
they have been con-
firmed in a recent
lecture at Cambridge by
Mr. Warde Fowler, as
also in various pamph-
lets and writings. That
they are true is general-
ly admitted by those
who have studied and
compared the general
conditions of both
countries.
The main cause of
the downfall of Rome
is similar to that which
resulted in the down-
fall of other great ••
Empires, such as the
Egyptian, Greek, Span-
ish, and Dutch, and that cause may be summed up in each case as
the decline of good citizenship and the want of energetic patriotism.
It is easy to push historical parallels too far, and whether or not
these parallels are real or exaggerated, they give us food for reflection.
The main point is for us to take the lesson to heart and see, before
409
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
it is too late, that our Empire also be not undermined by these
defects.
I am not so pessimistic myself as to think with some people that we are
already so far on the downward grade as to be in a hopeless condition. On the
contrary, I think that we are only near to the parting of the ways, where
the nation, instead of taking the downward route, can, if it likes, rise through
the growth and consolidation of its great colonies into the mightiest Empire
that history can tell of, with an all-powerful influence for the peace and
SALUTING THE UNION JACK.
The actual Flag that flew over Mafeking.
well-being of the world. The success of such a move depends, however,
partly on whether our governing classes can rise to the occasion in a sufficiently
whole-hearted and broad-minded way above mere party politics ; and also
whether our rising generation can attain the higher plane of character
necessary to achieve and maintain as well as to deserve such position. At
present, unfortunately, there is danger of deterioration instead of improve-
ment, unless steps are speedily taken. The causes of such deterioration are
simple to find ; the remedies for its prevention are more difficult. It becomes,
therefore, incumbent upon every one of us who has the slightest patriotism in
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SUPPLEMENT
him to earnestly help, in however small a way, to turn the rising generation
on the right road for good citizenship.
One form of bad citizenship, and, therefore, an unmistakable sign of
danger, is the ever-increasing horde of unemployed and unemployable in
our midst — the great army of drones in our hive.
Yet there is work enough for all in the country ; but whether it is from
Trade Union limitations, or from want of sobriety, thrift, or adaptability, a
vast number of workmen, servants, and others are being replaced by foreigners.
As regards poverty, Mr. Burns has pointed out that there is sufficient money
in the country to go round if it were properly economised. If the men would
give up the luxury of beer and tobacco there would be £189,000,000 available
for the betterment of their families in the year.
OUR FUTURE CITIZENS.— Some people are all for tinkering
with the old, most are for better building up the new — the rising genera-
tion, our manhood of the future.
We have at the present time in Great Britain over three million boys, of
whom one-quarter to one-half a million are under good influences outside
their school walls. (See Gorst's " Children of the Nation," and Dr.
Macnamara's Report, and Parliamentary Reports.)
3,740,000 boys.
300,000 under good influence.
Remainder . . 3,440,000 independent of such.
The remainder are drifting towards " hooliganism " or bad citizenship,
for want of hands to guide them the right way towards being useful. It
is the remainder, nearly three and a half million boys, that we want
to tackle and reduce.
The discontinuance of apprenticeship, the early wage-earning by boys,
and their then dismissal at seventeen without knowledge of any useful handi-
craft, cause a large proportion of this three millions to become idlers and
casuals in after-life. They are boys, full of spirit and enthusiasm,
approaching the cross-roads, where they take the turn either for good
411
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
or evil. In spite of the improved school teaching and of the good work
of Boys' and Church leads' Brigades, a large proportion of them are
drifting, owing to their environments, to evil — that is, to becoming
" hooligans," and ultimately " wasters " for the natural term of their
lives ; no good to their country, just from want of a guiding hand at
the turning point of their career — to teach them that essential to success
in life — namely, character.
AN AMBUSH IN THE PINE WOODS.
PEACE-SCOUTS. — I believe that under the attractive term and
practice of " scouting " a large number of boys can be led in a practical
way to teach themselves character.
By " scouting " I do not mean the military work as carried out on
active service. The scouting we are considering has nothing to do with this.
There is another form, which one might term " peace-scouting," such as-
beginning with the knights of old, continued through the Elizabethan adven-
turers and the latter-day explorers — is now usual with frontiersmen of our
Empire in every corner of the world. The pioneers of civilization in Central
Africa ; the ranchmen, cowboys and trappers of the West ; the drovers and
bushmen of Australia ; the explorers of the Arctic and Asiatic regions ; the
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SUPPLEMENT
hunters and prospectors of South Africa ; missioners in all parts of the
uncivilized world ; and the constabularies of N.W. Canada, South Africa,
etc., are all " peace-scouts " : men accustomed to live on their own resources,
taking their lives in their hands, brave and loyal to their employers, chivalrous
and helpful to each other, unselfish and reliable ; MEN, in fact, of the best
type. These are the peace-scouts of the Empire, and there is no reason why
we should not train a large number of our boys to follow in their footsteps
as regards character and manliness.
SUBJECTS OF INSTRUCTION.— The training of the Boy Scouts
is therefore directed on the following lines : —
(1) SCOUTCRAFT. — Boy Scouts' organization, Scout laws, discipline,
Scouts' secret signs, badges, etc.
(2) CAMPAIGNING. — Camp life and resourcefulness ; hut and mat-
making ; fire lighting ; cooking ; judging distances, heights, and numbers ;
cycling ; finding the way ; signalling, pioneering.
(3) OBSERVATION. — Noting and memorizing details far and near ;
landmarks, etc. ; tracking ; deducing the meaning from tracks and signs ;
training the eyesight.
(4) WOODCRAFT. — Study of animals and birds, plants, stars, etc. ;
stalking animals with a view to observing them ; noticing details
of people ; reading their characters and condition, thereby gaining
sympathy, etc.
(5) SEAMANSHIP. — Knotting and splicing ; boat management, single-
handed and in crews ; rope and mast climbing ; use of tackles ; know-
ledge of engines, steam winches, etc. ; compass bearings, direction by
stars, sun, etc. ; chart reading ; weather wisdom ; swimming and saving
life at sea ; making and mending clothes, and sail stitching ; scraping and
painting, etc.
(6) CHIVALRY. — Honour code of the knights ; unselfishness ; courage ;
duty ; charity ; thrift ; practical chivalry to women ; obligation to do
a "good turn" daily, and how to do it; cheerfulness; self -improvement ;
and making a career.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
(7) SAVING LJFE. — Alertness to save life from fire, drowning, gas
fumes, runaway horses, panic, street accidents, etc. First aid ; improvised
appliances. Albert Medal and Edward Medal, etc.
(8) ENDURANCE. — Health ; personal
hygiene ; sobriety ; continence ; smoking ;
physical exercise ; sanitation ; food ;
cleanliness, etc.
(9) PATRIOTISM. — Colonial geogra-
phy ; history and deeds that won the
Empire ; our Navy and Army ; flags ;
medals ; duties as citizens ; marksman-
ship ; helping police, etc. ; loyalty to
King, officers and employers.
These subjects are all taught
by means of games, practice and
competitions.
CARRYING A BABY FOR A TIRED
MOTHER.
PATROL SYSTEM.— The troop of
boys is divided up into " patrols " of
six or eight under a senior boy as patrol leader. This organization
is the secret of our success. Each patrol leader is given full respon-
sibility for the behaviour of his patrol at all times, in camp and
in field. The patrol is the unit for work or play, and in camp
each patrol is camped in a separate spot. The boys are put " on
their honour " to carry out orders. Responsibility and competitive
rivalry are thus at once established, and a good standard of development
is ensured throughout the troop from day to day.
MILITARISM. — Our training has been often criticized for not
introducing more military training into its curriculum, but we find
that for many reasons that is undesirable. In the first place, the
soldier's training tends to render him merely part of a machine, whereas
our training of the Scouts is designed to develop individuality in every
414
SUPPLEMENT
way. Then again, many parents object, from conscientious motives,
to their sons being taught the idea of fighting and bloodshed at an early
age, before they are able to judge for themselves. Owing to our abstention
from military training, we have the support of a very large number of
Nonconformists, and even the Society of Friends.
RELIGION— Then, on our religious side, we do not attempt to
teach the boys any one form of religion. We are inter-denominational,
and though we expect every boy to profess one form of religion or
another, we are not particular as to which form he holds. Whatever
it may be we encourage him to carry it into practice, and we insist
that he should, as an in-
tegral part of his duty,
carry out one good turn to
other people every day, and
this puts into practice the
main ideas of almost every
form of religion.
,,,,,
GIVING THK HORS1J A KKST.
CHARACTER.— The
whole method of training is
founded on the idea of getting
the boy really interested in his work, and we divide it into three aims.
First, we endeavour to develop the individual character of the boy. In
order to obtain his badge as a Scout he has to pass tests in such particulars
as observation, woodcraft, cooking, camping, pioneering, swimming, signal-
ling, and other subjects which tend to develop his resourcefulness,
self-reliance and bodily strength.
TWO HANDICRAFTS. — Secondly, we endeavour to train him,
or rather to persuade him to train himself, in handicrafts which may
be of use to him in giving him a trade or profession later in life and
not leave him hesitating on the threshold untrained and therefore liable
to join the great horde of unemployed. This we effect by giving
415
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
him badges of efficiency in over thirty different kinds of handicrafts and
occupations. The response to this idea has exceeded our expectations,
and already we have issued 94,000 badges of efficiency.
COLLECTIVE PUBLIC DUTIES.— OUT third aim is to develop
in the boy a sense of duty to others and to his country, and thus
to give him the highest ideal of citizenship. We teach him, in addition
to his doing a daily good turn, all the methods of dealing with
ROUND THIv CAMP FIRK.
accidents and different forms of public service. Troops of boys are
specialized to perform such duties as fire brigade work, ambulance,
messenger duties, coast-guarding, and missioner's work among the poor ;
and there is an excellent response on the part of the boys to this aim.
The results on the whole have far exceeded every expectation. The
movement has spread with wonderful rapidity not only over the British Isles,
but throughout the Empire, and has overflowed into most foreign countries
as well — in some cases on a large scale, as in the United States of America,
Russia and South America.
416
SUPPLEMENT
SCOUT MASTERS.— The only obstacle or difficulty at present found
is that of getting good Scout Masters of the right class to command
the troops. We have at the present over 7,000 young men who are
devoting their leisure time and their abilities to this work of training up
their younger brothers, and our great need is more of the same kind to
come forward and take their share in the work. I have no doubt that
as its methods and ideals become better known there will be no difficulty
in getting a large accession to our force of instructors. We do not want
everybody, but we do want those of the right stamp, that is to say,
manly young fellows of sporting instinct who have a taste for the life
of the wild, with a touch of imagination and a spirit of patriotism. I have
every hope that before long a very large number will see their way to sacrificing
a few hours of golf or of watching football in the greater game of teaching
the rising generation of their fellow-countrymen the elements of good citizen-
ship and manly character.
cc 4'7
INDUSTRIAL
CANADA'S GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY SYSTEM.
WHEAT: THE MAGNET.
TF bread is the staff of life, undoubted!}' the Canadian West with its
-*- rolling fields of wheat is the life-stream of the Empire. Between
Winnipeg and the Rocky Mountains stretches one continuous wheat belt,
1000 miles in width, where the golden grain is raised by the millions of bushels,
to flow in a wide continuous river to feed the teeming millions of Britain.
W*1 &BHHHHBB1
WH1CAT FIEI/D, NOKOMIS, SASKATCHEWAN.
The main channel through which the torrent of grain drives its way east-
wards through this fertile plain is the grey streak of the Grand Trunk Pacific
Railway, the completion of which to the Pacific seaboard through new
419
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
countries, the possibilities of which are incalculable, is changing the map of
Canada. The land skirting this band of steel on either side is among the
finest the Dominion can offer on the level prairies, whether it be for the raising
of grain, cattle, dairy products, vegetables, or any other commodity pertaining
to agriculture, owing to its extreme fertility and diversified character. This
is the country to which emigrants are flocking in their thousands from all parts
of the world ; the land in which the United States farmer, who is the keenest
agriculturist extant, and who knows a good thing when he sees it, is settling.
Yet although the land contiguous to the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway is
being occupied rapidly, there is still ample room for several thousand more
tillers of the soil.
The great attraction of this country is that the early arrival can sow
and reap a crop in the first year of occupation. There is no clearing to be
carried out. All tha.t is required is to set the plough to work and to sow the
grain. Three or four months later the ground commences to yield its wealth.
The luxuriant growth of the prairie grasses offers convincing testimony of the
nourishing ingredients present in the black loam, which are just those food
stuffs upon which the grain flourishes. Then again the territory is well
watered by numerous wide, winding rivers and large lakes. There is no
need to husband water carefully during the summer, nor occasion to incur
the heavy expenses attending irrigation. The drought has no terrors. Nature
completes her handiwork when the industry of man has broken the soil and
planted the seed.
In the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway the settler has a reliable sheet
anchor. This railway has been built upon the most up-to-date principles of
engineering. Its permanent way is solid, and the rails are well laid, giving
a surface comparable with that of an asphalt pavement. The grades are
slight and the curves are easy, so that high travelling speeds may be obtained
with no discomfort or vibration. The rolling stock is amongst the finest that
the Dominion can present in regard to railway travel, being replete with every
convenience and comfort.
Easy grades, slight curvature, and an excellent track mean the quickest
communication with the greatest and most valuable markets. About one
420
SUPPLEiMENT
hundred towns have sprung into existence along the route of the railway
between Winnipeg and Edmonton. These communities are bustling and
growing hives of activity, so that expanding markets are at the very doors of
the farms. Branch lines are being driven right and left of the trunk road,
tapping new districts and linking up new and more valuable markets with
the centres of production.
This bounteous country extends unbrokenly to the slopes of the Rocky
Mountains. The railway is penetrating this frowning rampart, unlocking new
wonders of nature in regard to mountain scenery unparalleled in majesty on
the North American continent, and which will make strong appeal to the
travellers, to tap a new and unexploited fertile country beyond, the resources
of which, from the farming point, have hitherto been unknown. This terri-
tory, rightly described as " The New Garden of Canada, " is attracting the
whole world at the present moment, and settlers are advancing in the van of
the iron horse to bring the land into bearing by the time the band of steel is
forged.
This country, stretching in a series of hill and dale from the Rockies to
the Cascades and threaded for over 500 miles by the Grand Trunk Pacific,
is in direct contrast to the wheat producing prairie. It recalls nothing so
much as the Weald of Kent and Sussex upon a gigantic scale, and as these
two counties are the agricultural backbone of Britain so is New British
Columbia destined to become the farming pivot of the Dominion of Canada.
Nestling between two lofty ranges of mountains, swept by the warm chinook
wind blowing off the Pacific Ocean, broken up by numerous rivers and creeks,
possessing a soil which, for the most part, is of an alluvial character, rich in
Nature's fertilisers, it is not surprising that everything grows in abundance
and to perfection.
This is the land in which the British farmer will revel, for it lends
itself to the application of that practical knowledge which has been acquired
during centuries in Britain, to the utmost degree. The wild grasses, vetches,
and timothy form an ideal food for cattle, and are conducive to the production
of the finest dairying products. The rich friable soil, extending in depth
from one to thirty-two feet, provides ideal nutriment for tuberous roots, cab-
421
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
bages, peas, and beans. Poultry farming can be followed with a certainty of
reaping a rich reward, while hay grows in the wildest profusion. The physical
characteristics of the country are against the practice of wheat-raising, such
as is followed upon the level prairie, but mixed farming holds out just as great
a magnet of success as grain.
Markets are rising on all sides for the immediate disposal of garden
produce, and there is every evidence that for many years to come the demand
will be far in excess of the supply. The railway is rapidly completing its con-
quest, and the time is not far distant when the Pacific seaboard will be con-
nected with the Atlantic by another band of steel, providing the rich interior
with further outlets for its wealth.
Colonization is being pursued actively. This country appeals to the
true farming instincts. New British Columbia has been lying dormant for too
many years, but is awakening with a rapidity which is astonishing even for
the Dominion of Canada.
HOTEL LUXURY IN CANADA.
TF there is one thing more than another which makes a strong appeal
to the traveller, it is the luxury of a palatial hotel, combining every
possible refinement, even for the most fastidious-tasted, with a cuisine beyond
reproach. The task of exploiting the enormous resources of the Dominion
of Canada has been so completely absorbing that the country has lagged
somewhat behind the other nations of the world in catering to the peculiar
requisitions of the visitors within its gates.
Every succeeding year witnesses an ever-growing number of travellers
to the Dominion, either on pleasure, business or sightseeing bent, and the
dearth of hotel accommodation of the character so familiar in Europe has
been felt sorely by visitors.
But this deficiency is now being removed. Canada's Grand Trunk
Railway, which introduced the iron horse into Canada, is now embarking
upon an equally important development — the provision of luxurious hotels
at the various commanding centres between the Atlantic and Pacific
422
SUPPLEMENT
seaboards. This scheme is comprehensive and imposing ; a chain of these
hostelries is to be strung across the continent in conjunction with the
two railway systems — the Grand Trunk and Grand Trunk Pacific lines,
respectively.
The first building was opened to the public in June this year, and with
singular appropriateness it has been erected in the heart of the Dominion-
Ottawa. The significance of the Capital City is increasing every year, for
not only is it the legislative hub of Canada, but it is a growing commercial
NEW GRAND TRUNK HOTEL, CHATEAU LAURIER, AND CENTRAL PASSENGER STATION,
OTTAWA, CANADA, OVERLOOKING THE FEDERAL PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS.
centre, while its magnificent surrounding scenic beauties render it a favourite
spot with all classes of travellers.
The hotel occupies a commanding position in the south-west corner
of Major Hill's Park, fronting the main thoroughfare of the city, and facing
the stately pile which the railway company has recently completed for its
railway station. Passengers can pass directly between the station platforms
and the hotel by means of a subway beneath the street, the provision of
which convenience will be greatly appreciated.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
The outlook from the hotel is one of the most beautiful in the whole
country. On one side rises that noble architectural pile, the Houses of
Parliament ; in the background are the verdant Laurentian Hills, while in
the foreground are the broad blue waters of the Ottawa River, with the busy
timber town of Hull on the opposite bank of the waterway.
The exterior of the hotel, named the Chateau Laurier, after the
ex-Prime Minister, is pleasingly appropriate, being carried out in what is
known as the old French " chateau " style. In fact it recalls the old Chateau
St. L/ouis which formerly occupied the site upon which now stands the
Chateau Frontenac at Quebec. The style certainly harmonises with the
character of the imposing buildings among which it is set.
The internal appointments are of the most elaborate description,
every refinement of detail having been introduced liberally in order to ensure
complete comfort. The public rooms are lofty and spacious — carried out
in varied pleasing schemes of decoration. Lady visitors will appreciate
the many facilities provided for their especial delight, such as the ladies'
tea, dining, and reception rooms.
The building is carried out in eleven floors and the arrangements are
such that every room has an outlook. There are no fewer than 350 sleeping
apartments for guests, 250 of which are provided with a private bathroom.
A refinement which will be very popular during the summer months is a wide
terrace which forms a magnificent coign of vantage to enjoy the natural
beauties of the varied scenery of river, woodland, hill and dale stretching to
the Laurentian Hills. During the summer months this terrace will constitute
a popular rendezvous and promenade. The building has cost no less than
£300,000 exclusive of furnishings, and it ranks as the finest expression oi
hotel art in the Dominion to-day.
The second unit in the proposed chain of hotels across the continent
is in course of construction at Winnipeg. Old memories of the Cornopolis are
revived by the name which has been given to this hostelry — Fort Garry
Hotel. The same luxurious scheme of construction and appointment which
characterises the Chateau Laurier in Ottawa is being reproduced in this
instance. The hotel faces the most prominent thoroughfare in the city, and
424
SUPPLEMENT
is thus convenient to the commercial and financial centres, as well as to the
fashionable shopping district, while the imposing Grand Trunk Pacific Rail-
way station is within easy distance. By the time this structure has been
completed, over ,£300,000 will have been expended, exclusive of the
furnishings.
Both the Chateau lyaurier and the Fort Garry hotels have been rendered
as fireproof as human ingenuity and science can contrive, while the internal
embellishment represents the last word in upholstering and decorative endea-
vour. Their popularity is assured, for they will introduce the visitor to a
degree of lavish comfort and luxury difficult to parallel even in the most
fashionable cities of Europe. Arrangements have already been completed for
the provision of similar establishments at other suitable points along the
Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, including the famous and unrivalled beauty
spots among the Rocky Mountains which are being unlocked by this
railway.
THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY,
greatest transportation enterprise with which the British race is asso-
ciated is the Canadian Pacific Railway ; its system consists of over
17,000 miles of railway, practically all of which has been constructed within
the past thirty years. But the railway portion of the undertaking — gigantic
though it is — is but one of the many activities in which the Canadian Pacific
Railway is so busily employed.
The Canadian Pacific Railway owes its initiation to the desire
of the Canadian Government to develop the immense districts that lie
between Ontario and the Pacific coast, and to provide an " all British "
route across the North American continent. The total length of the
line was 2,547 miles, oi which the Canadian Government built two sections,
4-25
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
having a length of 614 miles, and the Canadian Pacific Railway constructed
1,933 miles.
The Canadian Government subsidised the Canadian Pacific Railway by
a money grant of about £5,000,000 and a land grant of 25,000,000 acres.
The line was to have been completed by May ist, 1891, ten years after
operations commenced, but such remarkable progress was made with the
construction of the line that, upon the Canadian Government advancing a
further four and a half million pounds in 1884, the Canadian Pacific Railway
undertook to complete the line by May ist, 1886, or five years earlier than was
originally contemplated. This meant that the average rate of construction
would be 500 miles a year mostly through an unsurveyed country, and
A CANADIAN PACIFIC TRANS-CONTINENTAL EXPRESS.
including the crossing of the Rocky Mountains. This range rises to about
12,000 feet in Canada, and the railway, after climbing to an altitude of about
5,000 feet at I,ake L,ouise, pierces the range, and although the line falls
then all the way to Vancouver, a distance of 350 miles, where sea-level is
reached, the fall in the first 150 miles — -from I/ake L,ouise to Revelstoke— is
no less than 3,500 feet.
Even greater progress than that contemplated by the amended scheme
was made, the whole length of railway being completed on November 7th,
1885, when L,o rd Strathcona (then Sir Donald A. Smith) drove the last spike
426
SUPPLEMENT
at Craigellachie, British Columbia, thus finishing the " all British " railway
across the North American continent.
By a supplementary agreement made with the Canadian Government in
1886 the Canadian Pacific Railway became under obligation to improve its line
through the Rockies when called upon to do so by the Government. During
recent years much work has been carried out in improving the gradients of the
railway on the section where the gradients are most severe, the engineering
GLACIER: A CHARMING ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESORT.
achievements being of so remarkable a character that they call for reference in
this sketch.
The incline of i in 22\ for a distance of over four miles has given place
to a line whose worst gradient is i in 45^, but the length of this section has
been more than doubled. Several tunnels have been constructed on the new
line. These are of corkscrew shape, so that the train enters a tunnel at one
427
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
end and emerges at the other end at almost the same point, but on a level of
forty feet or so lower. By means such as these the gradients have been im-
proved. The cost of the new line was about £300,000 for the eight miles, but
two engines can now haul a 700 ton train at a speed of twenty-five miles an
hour over this section, whereas previously four locomotives would have been
required for the load, and the speed would not have exceeded six miles an hour.
By this one improvement the saving in time is, therefore, twenty minutes for
each train, without reckoning the 50 per cent, reduction in the locomotive
power employed.
CANADIAN" PACIFIC ATLANTIC STEAMER.
The Canadian Pacific Railway, when originally constructed, was, like
most American railways, but a single line. The traffic has, however, increased
so greatly that already long lengths of the railway have been double tracked,
and among the important additions and improvements now in process of
execution are 29 miles of second track between Islington and Guelph Junction,
133 miles of additional second track between Sudbury and Port Arthur, 178
miles of additional second track between Brandon and Calgary, 139 miles
of second track between Revelstoke and Vancouver. When this work is
428
SUPPLEMENT
finished and the new lines between Regina and Shepard now under construc-
tion are finished, there will be 200 miles of double track between Stidbury and
Port Arthur, 1,095 miles of double track between Port Arthur and Calgary,
and 158 miles of double track between Calgary and Vancouver. Early in
1914 work is to be commenced on a tunnel through Mt. McDonald in the
Selkirk range of mountains, and when completed this will be the most
stupendous engineering feat of its kind on the North American continent.
The vSelkirk tunnel will be some five miles in length, and will lower the present
gradient of the railroad to a very considerable extent. It will take four years
to complete, and during that time 500 men will be employed upon the
necessary work.
As showing the remarkable growth of the Canadian Pacific Railway,
the following comparative statistics are convincing :—
1886 1913
Gross Earnings . . £1,673,698 . . £27,879,200
Net Revenue . . 645,043 . . 9,249,200
Mileage . . 4,315 17,500
Locomotives . . . . 336 . . 2,052
Freight Cars . . 7,835 79>°85
Steamships . . . . none . . 76
Last year the ordinary passenger cars and colonist sleeping cars numbered
2,063, and there were, in addition, 436 sleeping, dining, and cafe cars, whilst
the passenger cars for the officials and service numbered 84. There were
also 1,274 conductors' vans, and no less than 5,414 boarding, tool, and
auxiliary cars and steam shovels.
The train mileage for the year to June 30th, 1913, was :
passenger, 22,333,592 ; freight, 27,611,103, and mixed, 1,888,095. The
number of passengers carried during the year was 15,480,934, the
average journey was 115.51 miles, and the average fare 2.28 dollars.
The passenger earnings were 1.75 dollars per train mile. The freight
earnings per train mile averaged 2.99 dollars, the tonnage conveyed
being 29,471,814, the principal items carried being 8,093,936 barrels
of flour, 171,952,738 bushels of grain, 1,782,986 head of cattle,
429
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
3,210,306,090 feet of timber, 9,519,346 tons of manufactured articles, and
over nine million tons of other traffic.
As can be gathered from the fact that the Canadian Pacific Railway
received a large subsidy in the shape of ground from the Canadian Govern-
ment, a large part of its income is derived from the sale of farms along its
course. In this connection it must not be forgotten that each sale means the
planting of an industry along the course of the railway which will produce
THE KMPRKSS HOTEL, VICTORIA, BRITISH COI.UMHIA.
traffic for the railway for all future time, as when the Canadian Pacific Railway
sells a parcel of land to a good farmer-settler it is just beginning its profitable
relations with him. For he will in all probability be a heavy shipper of grain
outward over its lines in future years, and he will occasion the shipment of
much merchandise inward as well. So it is not to be wondered at that the
stockholders and the investing public in general attach the greatest importance
to the land asset.
430
SUPPLEMENT
On June aoth, 1913, the Canadian Pacific Railway owned 6,287,250
acres of land in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta, and 1,697,994 acres
in British Columbia. In addition to the original grant from the Government
the company acquired lands through purchasing other railways which possessed
land grants. The interesting feature about these lands is their steady rise in
value. In 1905 the sales were 509,386 acres at an average of 4.80 dollars per
acre. In 1909 the sales of similar lands were 306,083 acres at an average of
THE EMPRESS OF ASIA, ENGAGED OX THE VANCOUVER-JAPAN-CHINA SERVICE.
10.96 dollars. And finally in 1913 the sales of land were 474,798 acres at the
average of 15.77 dollars. This progressive rise in value is most impressive.
Without an adequate water supply, land is unsuitable for farming, and
large areas of land owned by the Canadian Pacific Railway were found to be
of this character ; so some years ago the company determined to improve these
areas by carrying out extensive irrigation schemes.
A sum of some 3,000,000 dollars sufficed to irrigate about 350,000 acres,
being the irrigable portion of the Western Block of the arid lands in the
Province of Alberta belonging to the Canadian Pacific Railway. These lands
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
were formerly considered to be of little or no value ; they were, of course,
unsaleable. By this expenditure the company was able to sell a little more
than one-third of the block for more than 9,000,000 dollars. The Western
Block of arid lands contains approximately 995,000 acres, of which 642,000
acres are declared to be non-irrigable. There are two other blocks — the
Central and the Eastern — each containing approximately one million acres.
The irrigation of the Eastern Block was next taken in hand, and the work of
irrigating that section is now in active progress.
Sir Thomas Shaughnessy's scheme of " Ready Made " farms has
attracted world- wide attention, and many practical farmers have taken ad-
vantage of the liberal terms under which a farm may be purchased in the best
farming districts of Saskatchewan and Alberta on an instalment basis spread
over a period of twenty years. A comfortable house and barns for live stock
have already been erected on these farms, a well dug, the farm fenced and a
portion of the land seeded to crop, so that a farmer may go right on to his farm
and is saved all pioneering difficulties. The Company also grants loans to
approved settlers for the purchase of live stock.
The ready-made farms in the irrigation districts are much sought after
by British farmers ; each year the Canadian Pacific Railway has more applica-
tions for such farms than it has farms to sell.
At central points the Canadian Pacific has established demonstration
farms designed to teach the newcomers what the land will do and how it is to
be treated. Everything it can do to ensure that the land will be worked
scientifically and profitably it does. The direct aim of the Canadian Pacific
Railway in prosecuting this work is of course to benefit its stockholders. But
any one can see that in thus looking after the interests of its proprietors, it is
promoting the welfare of the Dominion and of the British Empire in a most
important degree. It is assisting manfully to provide Canada with what she
stands most in need of — population. It is rapidly transforming a desert into
land that is capable of bearing the richest crops.
An important feature in the Canadian Pacific Railway's programme as
regards British Columbia has been the opening up of the Upper Columbia
Valley by construction of the Kootenay Central Railway. Here also the rail-
432
SUPPLEMENT
way is co-operating with the Dominion and Provincial Governments in the
construction of an Automobile Road from Banff to Windermere. The Kootenay
Central Railway will link the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway with
the Crow's Nest branch, and will throw open for settlement a rich agricultural
district, into which settlers are already thronging.
No less wonderful than the extension of the Railway system has been the
growth of the Canadian Pacific Steamship services, for now, only some thirty
years after it contracted on the Clyde for its first three steamships, the company
owns no less than seventy-eight vessels, including those now under construction.
It operates its own services on the Atlantic and on the Pacific in addition to
maintaining a service on the Great Lakes and the lakes and rivers of British
Columbia. If placed end to end these vessels would extend for three and a half
miles, and the fleet employs 12,000 men ashore and afloat and consumes some
3,000 tons of coal daily.
It was early in 1883 that the company contracted on the Clyde for the
construction of three steel screw steamers for service on the Great Lakes, and
on this service they now have five steamers running.
The next development took place soon after the transcontinental railway
was linked up from the eastern to the western coasts of Canada in 1885, for in
1887 the C.P.R. established its Pacific Service between Vancouver and the Far
Bast, on which service in 1891 were placed the famed White Empress Steam-
ships the Empress of India and Empress of Japan, which are still running. The
Empress of Russia and the Empress of Asia, two magnificent vessels of 16,850
tons and 2 1 knots speed, have recently been added to this service, after each
had made a Round the World tour, and they are now the largest and fastest
vessels on the Pacific, having reduced the length of passage from Canada to
Japan to ten days.
In 1896 the British Columbia Lake and River Service was inaugurated,
and in the following year, owing to the gold-seekers' rush to the Klondyke, a
new service was begun on the British Columbian coast, which has since proved
so popular that it has been considerably added to.
The C.P.R. Atlantic Service was established as recently as 1913, when the
company bought from Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co. fifteen of their finest
433
DD
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
steamships and established the Atlantic Service from Liverpool, Bristol
and London, extending in the following year to include Antwerp.
Everywhere the demand for passenger and freight accommodation has
been so heavy that new steamers are continually being constructed to meet
the demand, and at present two vessels are being built by Messrs. Barclay,
Curie & Co., with passenger accommodation for 520 second class and 1,200
third class and cargo capacity of 6,000 tons. These, like the Empress of
Russia and Empress of Asia, will be built with cruiser sterns, and will contain
every possible convenience for the comfort of passengers. They will be
called the Missanabie and the Metagama. Two new steamers are also being
built for the Pacific Coast Service, and a new steamer, the St. George, has
recently been added to the Atlantic Coast Service.
Considerable development has also taken place in the other industries
in which the Canadian Pacific is interested. They now own over 100,000 miles
of telegraph wires, and a magnificent new Hotel at Calgary, recently
opened, brings the number of Canadian Pacific Hotels to nineteen.
MESSRS. J. & J. COLMAN, LD.
fame of this firm is world-wide in the highest sense, for in
no spot in the universe, it may be almost safely said, is Colman's
mustard unknown. The familiar yellow tins, depleted of their
contents, have been found in the most remote regions, even on the way
to the North and South Poles, and in the few remaining so-called savage
islands. Six years ago the great manufacturing business carried on
in Norwich by Messrs. Colman attained its hundredth birthday. This
was an event which cannot possibly be regarded as of ordinary
industrial interest. There is something about it which does not merely
434
SUPPLEMENT
concern the Colmans and those who are associated with them in their
gigantic enterprises. Every one who knows anything about the history
of the firm, its lofty mercantile traditions and its almost patriarchal attitude
towards the labour it employs, will join, mentally at least, in the general
congratulations. The centenary marked an epoch, but not necessarily a
terminal point, in a career of continually advancing prosperity. If it
should be possible in the next hundred
years to carry the concern to propor-
tionately higher levels of affluence, no
one will grudge the house of Colman
the necessary power to its elbow.
The business found its beginnings
in 1804-5 ; but it would be necessary
to go back much further than that if
it were desirable to trace the remoter
associations of its founder's family
with the agricultural, the industrial,
and even the ecclesiastical life of
Norfolk.
One of his ancestors, Jeremiah
Colman, was rector of Hethersett
towards the close of the Common-
wealth period. If his piety were at all
commensurate with the length of his funeral sermon, he must have been
a most exemplary shepherd of his flock. A copy of that deliverance,
which was uttered on February i8th, 1659, is preserved in the British
Museum. It comprises forty thousand words, which is equivalent to
twenty columns of The Times, and must have taken more than six
hours to deliver. It develops the cheerful theory that death is a punish-
ment to those whom it befalls, and a warning to those whom it spares.
Unhappily for the purposes of the biographer, the sermon is reticent about
the virtues of the lamented rector. It was by another Jeremiah, a name
which, with its variant Jeremy, is of constant recurrence in the family
JEREMIAH COLMAN, ESQ.,
I'iniiulcY of the l-'irm.
435
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
records, that the present business was founded. Born in 1777, " Old "
Jeremiah, as he is commonly called for very necessary distinctive
reasons, learned his business as a miller at Bawburgh. In 1804 he
purchased a windmill on the eastern side of Magdalen Road, Norwich,
and he continued there till he was in a position to put his fortunes to
a larger test. In 1814 he acquired a mill six miles from Norwich, at Stoke
Holy Cross, where in the latter part of the eighteenth century a Mr. Denny
was carrying on the manufacture of
paper. To him had succeeded a Mr.
Ames, who in a small way was manu-
facturing mustard. vSeen in the light
of after events the problem which
presented itself to "Old Jeremiah" was
fraught with tremendous issues. vShould
he continue the making of mustard,
or should he revive the old paper in-
dustry ? He shrewdly decided in favour
of mustard. He metaphorically "took
and sowed in his field " a grain
of mustard, which in the parable is
likened unto the Kingdom of Heaven.
He was a far-seeing man ; but not
even he could have foreseen how great
was to be the increase thereof.
Unimaginable to him, also, must have been the development which the
business was to undergo on its flour-milling side. In the womb of the
future lay the self-rising principle, which, when it came into vogue,
Carrow was not slow to adopt. Compared with the present output
of the article as so manufactured, to say nothing of the enormous
quantity of flour in bulk, the flour-milling achievements of Stoke shade
off into utter insignificance. The developing business demanded more
attention than even "Old Jeremiah" was able, though willing, to give.
Having no children he took one by one his nephews, James,
436
ROBERT COLMAN, ESQ.,
Brother of the Founder.
SUPPLEMENT
Jeremiah, and Edward into partnership, leaving them in charge of
the business.
On the death of James Colman a new and powerful influence came
into the business. His son, Jeremiah James, had not up till then concerned
himself greatly with its affairs. Thenceforward he took up his father's
responsibilities with energy and zeal. As he still comes within the recent
memories of Norwich, it is hardly necessary to say of him that he was a
merchant prince of the best type, a
born captain of industry. It is largely
to his skill and initiative, backed up
as they were by corresponding qualities
in the London partners, that the won-
derful subsequent advance of the firm
is to be attributed.
To the quality of the article sold
he attached the utmost importance.
It was a maxim with him that a
well-founded reputation for purity and
value in merchandise is the corner-
stone of prosperous commerce ; and
he applied that principle with the
utmost care to every department of the
Carrow manufactures. The measure
of his success in that particular is
writ largely in the history of the Continental and Colonial Exhibitions of
the last fifty years. At the Paris Exhibition of 1878 he was decorated
with the Cross of the I/egion of Honour. The Grand Prix fell to a
Carrow exhibit in 1900 ; and the other trophies standing to the credit
of the firm — gold, silver, and other medals won at Moscow, Vienna,
Melbourne, Brussels, and lyondon — number nearly fifty. In later years
the firm has ceased to exhibit, making exceptions at the Franco-
British, 1908, and Jap an- British, 1909, where, again, they secured the
Grand Prix. lyike Alexander, the Carrow products find no fresh fields to
JEREMIAH JAMES COUIANT, ESQ.
437
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
SIR JliRlvMIAH COWMAN, BAUT.,
Chairman.
conquer. Besides, the competitive
significance of international exhibitions
stands no longer where it did ; and
Carrow can afford to ignore them.
Carrow covers over a million
square feet of flooring, and over ten
million cubic feet of building. It
stands on upwards of thirty-seven acres,
as compared with one or two in the old
Stoke days. It then employed about
two hundred hands ; and now they
are swollen to more than three thou-
sand, if the staffs at Yarmouth,
Cannon Street, L,ondon, and Bethnal
Green be included.
The firm is now administered as
a limited liability company. Its present directors are Sir Jeremiah
Colman, Bart., Chairman ; Mr. Russell
J. Colman, D.L,., the Right Hon. James
Stuart, P.C., Mr. F. Gordon I) Colman,
Mr. Frank A. Bellville, and Mr.
Jeremiah Colman.
Nearly everything the Columns
need they make. Tin, wood, iron, print,
electricity, and a hundred other things
enter into the compound of their
tremendous activities. Tin boxes, plain
and ornamental, by millions ; cardboard
boxes also by the million ; packing
cases varying in length from inches to
yards, by the million ; casks in infinite
variety — everything in a highly-organ-
RTJSSEXL j. COUIAN*. ESQ., D.L., j.p. ised department of its own. There is a
43«
SUPPLEMENT
TIIK RIGHT Hox. JAMKS STUART, P.C.
fire service which with its floats and
steamers and its May-Oatway system
excels the equipment of many a large
municipality. The place, as a whole,
is a triumph of organisation, to the
stranger a trifle stunning and bewilder-
ing withal. The King and other
members of the Royal Family, includ-
ing quite recently the young Princes
Edward and Albert, have inspected it ;
and many are the conferences and
congresses of one sort and another,
whose members, on visiting Norwich,
have besought the privilege of making
the round of it. As a hive of industry,
with its incessant roar and rattle of
machinery, Carrow is wonderful enough. But what is still pleasanter to
contemplate is the philanthropy and
humanity by which its atmosphere is
interfused. As between the heads of
the firm and all these battalions and
regiments of busy men and women it
would be impossible to preserve that
semi-paternal relationship which vised
to exist at Stoke. But the old
tradition still rules. It is traceable in
the splendid liberality of the new
pension scheme, and in a complex
variety of organisations designed to
brighten and alleviate the worker's lot .
There are ladies employed to look
after the girls, and there is a home
F. GORDON COUIAX, ESQ. for such of them as have no home
439
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
of their own. The sick are systematically visited, and a medical officer
is constantly at their disposal. There is a highly perfected ambulance
department in which cases of accident, happily not frequent, receive
first aid.
It would be too long a story to describe the dispensary, the clothing
club, the mid-day rest grounds, the splendid Club House with its large lecture
halls, billiard rooms, gymnasium, playing-fields, bowling-green, etc., and
everything else that exists for the
convenience of the working staff. But
a word of mention may be given in
passing to the kitchen, where a couple
of trained lady cooks, with a corps of
helpers, turn out daily a menu such
as the individual workman could not
procure for four or five times the price
charged.
So far we have treated of the
works themselves, and of such human-
ities as are practised actually within
the gates. It would make a much
longer story to tell of the several
enterprises with which the workpeople
are followed even to their homes, in
order that they may be surrounded with all the concomitants of decent
and cleanly living.
The late Mr. J. J. Colman bequeathed an annual charge of £2,000
upon his estate to be continued for twenty years, and to be regarded
as distinct from any benefactions that the Company might devise. With
this money widows are helped and employes and ex-employes are
relieved when infirmity or illness overtakes them. It defrays the cost
of such operations or special medical treatment as they may require, and
if need be sends them when convalescent to the seaside or the
country.
PRANK BELVIIJ.E, ESQ.
440
SUPPLEMENT
"Old" Jeremiah Colman, as he is still endearingly called at Carrow,
was Sheriff and Mayor of Norwich. James Colman was Sheriff of
Norwich. Jeremiah James Colman was Sheriff, Mayor, and for twenty-
four years Member of Parliament for Norwich. Russell James Colman,
a Deputy-Lieutenant of the County of Norfolk, has been Sheriff
and Mayor of Norwich, and High Sheriff of Norfolk ; and Sir Jeremiah
Colman, Bart., of Gatton Park, the present Chairman of the Directors,
is a Deputy-Lieutenant for Surrey, was High Sheriff of the County
in 1893, is one of His Majesty's Lieutenants of the City of London,
was Master of the Skinners' Company in 1899-1900, and is a Director
of the Commercial Union Assurance Company, Ld.
Messrs. J. & J. Colman, Limited, are an honourable and diligent firm.
Este perpetua !
MESSRS. f. S. FRY & SONS, Li).
'"T^HROUGHOUT the world "Fry's of Bristol" is known as the synonym for
-•- cocoa and chocolate in their purest and most delicious forms. The
history of the cocoa trade in this country is the history of the colossal business
of Messrs. J. S. Fry & Sons, lyd., of Bristol. It is the oldest firm of
chocolate and cocoa manufacturers, for letters patent were granted to
the ancestor of the present generation of the family by King George II.
in 1729.
Amongst the young and enthusiastic followers of George Fox, the
founder of the Society of Friends, was Zephaniah Fry, who was born
in 1658, and therefore thirty-four years after his leader. John Fry,
his son (a sturdy Quaker, like his father before him), found a haven of
rest at Sutton Benger, in Wiltshire, whence his son, Joseph Fry, the
"ingenious" and many-sided, migrated in the earlier half of the
eighteenth century to Bristol, at that time a city of so much importance
441
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
that Queen Anne had declared that she did not realise what it was to
be Queen of England till she had seen the great metropolis of the west
and enjoyed its hospitality. Shortly after arriving at Bristol, Joseph Fry
entered the medical profession ; but he soon showed himself a man of
versatile capacity, and up to 1787 there were few spheres of Bristol industry
in which his personal influence did not make itself felt. His knowledge of
chemistry proved of invaluable
assistance to Champion in the
establishment of the famous
china factory, the wares of
which are now often worth
much more than the traditional
weight in gold. He became,
as well, one of the proprietors
of the successful type-founding
business known as that of Fry
and Pine, which was removed
to London in 1770 and pros-
pered exceedingly under the
ctgis of his son, Edmund Fry,
M.I). Fry and Pine eventually
became "letter founders to the
Prince of Wales," and in 1788
the " Cicero Press " began to
turn out some of the fine
works which bear its imprint. Dr. Joseph Fry's technical skill was also
successfully utilised in the creation of the thriving soap and candle-making
business carried on in partnership with Mr. Samuel Fripp.
But it was his work as founder of the great cocoa firm bearing his name
that earned for him his chief title to fame. He began the manufacture of cocoa
and chocolate on a small scale almost as soon as he arrived in Bristol, and
many years before he became a Freeman of the City, and the " Bristol
Journal " announced that the " ingenious "Mr. Joseph Fry " is removed from
JOSEPH RTORRS FRY, ESQ.,
Chairman of J . S. Fry <~ Sons, Ld.
442
SUPPLEMENT
Small Street to a house opposite Chequer I^ane in Narrow Wine Street, where
he makes and sells chocolate as usual." Somewhat later an advertisement
in the same paper announced that " Churchman's Patent Chocolate
is now made by Joseph Fry and John Vaughan, jun., the said Church-
(-p f ._ - !A. f'^t
by permission of Messrs. Wilson, Hiirtncll (*-: Co., Dublin.
FIRST INVESTITURE OP THE "ORDER OF ST. PATRICK."
The Investiture took place at Dublin in 1783, a:id before the Knights-Founders separated, Fry's "Chocolate in Silver Bowls'
was served as a "fortifier against the chill March Winds."
man's executor, the present sole proprietors of the famous Water
Engine at the Castle Mills." In 1763 Mr. Fry had a house and shop
in Wine Street, " next door to the Crispin Inn"; but in 1777, soon
after the construction of Union Street, he announced his removal there,
443
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
"opposite the upper gate of St. James's Market, where he keeps his shop
for the sale of Churchman's Patent, and other sorts of Chocolate, Nibs,
and Cocoa."
Such was the modest beginning of this vast undertaking. The firm is
still in Union Street, and Union Street is its official address. But in its growth
the mammoth factory has absorbed a whole labyrinth of streets, churches,
shops, and dwellings existing at that day.
The Bristol works of Messrs. J. S. Fry & Sons comprise eight
great buildings and employ more than 5,000 hands. The purity and
excellence of their chocolate and cocoas have won more than 300 Grands
Prix, Gold Medals, and Diplomas in open and international competition,
and in the course of the long history of nearly two centuries the firm has
received many marks of Royal favour. Her late Majesty Queen Victoria
in the early part of her reign appointed Messrs. Fry and Sons by
Special Warrant Manufacturers of Chocolate and Cocoa to the Royal
House.
His late Majesty King Edward, whose warrant as Prince of Wales the
firm held for nearly forty years, confirmed the appointment after he ascended
the Throne.
His Majesty King George V., whose warrant they held as Prince of Wales,
has honoured them with his Royal brief as King, as have also Her Majesty the
Queen, Her Majesty Queen Alexandra, Her Majesty Queen Margherita of Italy,
Their Majesties the King and Queen of Spain, and Their Majesties The King
and Queen of the Hellenes. A similar mark of Royal favour came long ago
from France, when, in 1867, the late Emperor Napoleon by a special brevet
appointed them Manufacturers of Chocolate and Cocoa to the Imperial House ;
and Messrs. Fry have still the honour — one that they prize very highly — of
numbering Her Imperial Majesty the Empress Eugenie among their illustrious
patrons.
This record of honours is as magnificent as it is unique. It is a tribute
how after nearly two hundred years' competitive industry the firm of Fry's
is still foremost, that while advancing with the times and adopting and initiat-
ing the most modern methods and machinery, it has maintained undeviatingly
444
SUPPLEMENT
its standard of the highest purity and quality in its goods and the
fullest value for money. Whatever bears the name of "Fry's" is of
the best. By no other means could the firm have so triumphantly
stood the test of time.
MESSRS. CHARLES LANCASTER & CO., LD.
> i^HIS world-renowned firm of gunmakers was founded in the year 1826
•*• by Charles Lancaster, the famous barrel-maker, who had previously
worked for the celebrated Joe Manton, George Fullard and other well-known
makers of the day. He was the practical adviser, and also the friend, of mam*
of these old-time sportsmen, including the famous Colonel Hawker, and it
was principally owing to the
latter's advice and encourage-
ment that he decided to start
for himself in that year at 151,
New Bond Street, W. Here
the foundations of the firm
were laid, and with the assis-
tance of his two sons, Charles
William Lancaster and Alfred
Lancaster, the connections of
the house were steadily built
up. At his death in 1847, his
two sons carried on the busi-
ness until 1859, when the
partnership was dissolved, and
Charles, the elder brother, took
over the interest. In the year
1869, Mr. Henry A. A. Thorn, HENRY A. A. THORN, ESQ.
4-45
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
the present head of the firm, joined Mr. C. W. Lancaster as an apprentice
for six years, in order to learn the art of gunniaking at the bench, with the
view of his subsequently becoming a partner in the business. Negotiations
were being arranged for this partnership, but the untimely death of Mr.
Lancaster in 1878 intervened before they were completed. Mr. Thorn
then purchased the business and became sole proprietor of the firm.
In 1892 the business which
Mr. Alfred Lancaster had been
carrying on in opposition to the
original house, first at South
Audley Street and then at Green
Street, was purchased by Mr.
Thorn, who then took over his
entire connection and stock.
Thus the old business of Lan-
caster was once more amalga-
mated and became intactly
carried on in the original
premises in New Bond Street.
In 1904 the business was trans-
ferred by Mr. Thorn to larger
and more convenient premises
at ii, Panton Street, Hay-
market, S.W., its present
address.
In 1904 Mr. Thorn's son, George F. Thorn, Esq., was apprenticed to the
firm in the same way as his father had been, so as to acquire a thorough
practical knowledge of the trade. He now assists his father in the general
management of the business.
In addition to numerous honours received from Foreign Royalties
and noblemen, the firm has the honour of Warrants of Appointment to
H.R.H. the late Prince Consort, H.M. the late Queen Victoria, H.M. the late
King Edward VII., and also to H.M. King George V. During the Royal
446
GEORGE F. THORN, ESQ.
SUPPLEMENT
visit for big game shooting to Nepal, described in this volume, one of His
Majesty's favourite weapons was the celebrated Lancaster -280 high velocity
hammerless rifle, which has also been supplied to T.R.H. The Prince of Wales
and Prince Albert. The firm are also the inventors and patentees of " The
Colindian" Oval-bore Ball and Shot gun, the " Under-and-Over " gun and
the Three-barrel hammer and hammerless combined shot gun and rifle, and
have been awarded no fewer than seventy-two first-class prizes, medals
and diplomas for their various weapons.
Shooting School. — This very brief account of the firm's enterprise
would be incomplete without some mention of their new Shooting School,
which has recently been opened at Uxendon, near Preston Road Station,
about twenty minutes by electric train from Baker Street. These grounds
are picturesquely situated in the midst of undulating and well-wooded
country. The club-house, a country residence adapted and equipped for the
purposes of a country club, is an adjunct which adds materially to the attrac-
tions of the place. The equipment includes a high tower of 120 feet, with
intermediate stages, from which clay " birds " can be thrown at any height
required. Butts for practice at driven grouse, plantations and hedges for
imitations of driven partridges and high pheasants, cover for walking-up,
and all the facilities for the teaching and practice of game shooting are to be
found in this picturesque spot, which, though comparatively secluded, is
within half-an-hour's motor drive of the West End of London.
MESSRS. J. LYONS & COMPANY, LD.
OIR JOSEPH LYONS was born in London in the year 1849, and was
^ educated at the Borough Jewish Schools, and afterwards at a
private academy.
For many years he followed the profession of water-colour artist,
and was successful in disposing of his works at various exhibitions, the
447
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
first being at the Royal Institution, where his pictures were sold at the private
view to Sir Spencer Wells, Surgeon to the late Queen Victoria, another of his
best patrons being the late Admiral Eardley-Wilmot, who was in command
of the Channel Fleet.
Sir Joseph is possess-
ed of strong imagination,
and in addition to his
being the inventor of
" Venice in London,"
which was produced in
1891, he has written
several successful novels
in collaboration with Mr.
Cecil Raleigh, the well-
known dramatist.
His advent into the
catering world was the
result of observation. He
concluded that great for-
tunes were made by men
who discovered some
simple universal want as
yet unsupplied by their
fellow men, and who knew
how to supply it. It
dawned upon him at
once when he was suffer-
ing the usual tribulation
of the consumer in a
dirty, stuffy little restaur-
ant in lyondon, that great
things were in store for
the man who could give
Tlie Timer Street Sttir!ir>s.
SIR JOSEPH LYONS.
448
SUPPLEMENT
the people good food and drink, clean and cheap, in pleasing surroundings.
He set to work at once to do it, and has done it to this day.
It may well be remembered that in those days the majority of refresh-
ment-houses were kept by Swiss or other foreign caterers. They were small,
being limited to the capacities of the cooking and serving by the proprietor
and his wife, with perhaps one or two waiters. They were dark, stuffy little
places, and in many cases not too clean. The food supplied was in quality
poor, and the cooking worse.
The city clerk who wanted a "snack" had to pay extravagantly
for a cup of so-called coffee or tea and a bun, with a gratuity to the
waiter, while if he could not afford this he was compelled, as the only
alternative, to adjourn to the public-house.
All this has been changed. A positive revolution has taken place
in the habits of the people— brightness and light, music and flowers, civility
and cleanliness.
All these were indispensable elements of the building up of his business.
Sir Joseph L,yons has had considerable experience of Exhibition catering,
his Company being sole caterers to the great White City, Crystal Palace and
Olympia, and with their innumerable white and gold shops, the Trocadero
Restaurant, Throgmorton, Popular, Corner House, Blenheim and Birkbeck
Restaurants, they employ something like 12,000 people. In addition they
are sole caterers to the L,ondon, Chatham and Dover Railway, and are now
spreading their establishments all over the Provinces.
Sir Joseph has recently had the honour of knighthood conferred
upon him by His Majesty the King, and is one of His Majesty's Deputy -
lyieutenants for the County of I,ondon.
He is a member of the General Purposes Committee of the Territorial
Association, and is Chairman of that Association's Sports Committee, his
scheme for which has been most successful.
He is also Chairman of the Strand Palace Hotel, where the "no tip"
system is rigorously carried out, and which has proved such a complete success.
Sir Joseph, on behalf of his firm, holds a Royal Warrant and is caterer
to His Majesty King George V.
449
EE
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
MESSRS. JAMES PURDEY & SONS
^"T^HE business of Messrs. James Purdey & Sons, founded a century ago by
-*- James Purdey, the grandfather of the present partners, has from its
commencement held the highest position as manufacturers of sporting guns and
rifles. For three generations the Purdey gun and rifle have been known and
appreciated in all parts of the world, and during that period the progress of the
house of Purdey has been very
largely the history of the gun-
making industry, so prominent
has this firm been in the
initiation and perfecting of
those improvements which
have led to the evolution of the
modern sporting weapon from
the flint-lock muzzle-loader of
100 years ago. If it is un-
usual for this firm to advertise
the qualities and advantages
of their weapons it is because
they have been, and are, in
the exceptionally happy posi-
tion of being able to rely on
the patronage from father to
son of a world-wide clientele.
The Royal Family of England
is one of many families of which four generations have been users
of this firm's productions. In the earlier days of the reign of Her
Majesty Queen Victoria, the late James Purdey and his father were
present in Buckingham Palace Grounds at the sighting of a Purdey
rifle made for His Royal Highness the Prince Consort, and the present
members of the firm frequently have the honour of attending on His
present Majesty and his sons, as they and their father used to do on
JAMES PURDEY, ESQ.,
Founder o] the Firm.
450
SUPPLEMENT
His Majesty King Edward, all of whom have used Purdey weapons almost
exclusively.
In the visits of His Majesty King George to India, where he
enjoyed such fine sport and showed what a very fine shot he is,
weapons by Messrs. Purdey & Sons were used, and both in 1905
and 1912 almost all His Majesty's tigers and rhinos were shot
with his Purdey rifles, which
he highly values.
The productions of the firm
have always been the highest
quality guns and rifles, the
greatest care being taken not
only with their strength and
shooting powers, but also
with their handiness and
balance, and even when the
high velocity rifles, firing large
charges of cordite, came into
vogue Messrs. Purdey suc-
ceeded in producing very handy
weapons which from their
balance concealed their actual
weight in handling. This very
valuable quality is greatly
appreciated by big game shoot-
ers, and is a feature of all Purdey nitro rifles ; but perhaps the best liked
of all is the special light .400 bore Cordite rifle, a beautifully balanced
weapon weighing no more than a heavy shot gun, yet so powerful that
with one of them His Majesty the King-Emperor shot nearly all his tigers
during his two Indian tours. For rhinos the weapon used by His Majesty
was a very powerful and well-balanced rifle of larger bore similar to
the .465 which Messrs. Purdey supply especially for big game shooting
in India.
JAMES PURDEY, ESQ.
GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CORONATION YEAR
Although the majority of their weapons are simple in ornamentation with
fine engraving, Messrs. Purdey have also for many years turned out weapons
which are true works of art as regards richly chased ornamentation. This
style of decoration particularly appeals to the highly artistic tastes of Indian
Princes, many of whom are possessors of Purdey weapons of this type.
Amongst users of guns no class is more exacting than pigeon-shooters,
and probably no shooter makes so great and so discriminating a study of the
weapon he uses as the pigeon
shot. During the palmy days
of pigeon-shooting in Eng-
land the " Purdey " was the
gun favoured by the crack
shots at Hurlingham, the Gun
Club and elsewhere, and
although in this country
pigeon-shooting no longer
enjoys the popularity it form-
erly did, the "Purdey" is in
the twentieth century the
weapon pre-eminent at the
great pigeon-shooting " Con-
cours" on the Continent,
where the popularity of the
sport has in no way waned.
Many a time the blue riband
of the sporting world, ' The
Grand Prix du Casino de Monte Carlo," has fallen to a Purdey gun,
apart from the many other events, great and small, which at Monte
Carlo, Madrid, Seville, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Paris and elsewhere,
have been won by users of guns of this make.
Naturally a firm whose clientele embraces practically all of the
world's Royal Families has received a large number of Royal Warrants
of Appointment. Messrs. Purdey & Sons was the first firm to be
452
A. S. PURDEY, ESQ.
SUPPLEMENT
appointed Gunmakers to Her
Majesty Queen Victoria.
L,ater they were appointed
to His Majesty King Edward
VII., and they are now Gun
and Rifle makers by Appoint-
ment to His Majesty King
George V., who also at his
Coronation presented the pre-
sent members of the firm with
Coronation Medals. Among
other Royal Warrants of
Appointment may be men-
tioned those to the King of
Spain, the King of Sweden,
and the late King Charles of
Portugal, and they also
number among their patrons
most of the world's finest shots.
CECIL O. PURUEV, Hsy.
453
Marshall. Sons&Co.
wi/wv-y
I
I ENGINEERS & BOILER MAKERS,
- LIMITED.
Gainsborough,
. England.
| London Depot: 79, FARRINGDON ROAD, B.C.
.'vv'VA/'vv.'vv'vv'vv'v^'vv'vx^vv'vv'vv'vv'vv/'vv'W'vv-^ Indian Depots : CALCUTTA, BOMBAY, LAHORE 8 MADRAS.
MANUFACTURERS OF
99
MARSHALL" OIL TRACTORS.
WW AA/VX/WWVVxA. 'WVWA/'VA, WXA/WX/V W, AA/ VfX/V WX/VWVW Wv/WV/ WX/VW
™f TPL ¥ 1 1 1~* •
j 1 he Ideal Engines
| for
| Home, Colonial
i and Foreign
| Transport and
Agricultural
Purposes.
Specially designed for
HAULAGE WORK IN
ROUGH COUNTRIES,
PLOUGHING AND
CULTIVATING by the
up-to-date direct-trac-
tion method,
and for all classes ol
AGRICULTURAL WORK
usually performed by
steam traction engines.
^/v<vv/ vv«'\A<'V/x»V\.'V/va^/Vv/VV/\/varv'Vv'V\«'\/»,'\/\,'\/v/VV^
; illustration shews one of our Oil Tractors designed for transport work in the rough, arid districts which lie between
.ip-country ranches and the coast towns of Patagonia. The Tractor carries sufficient oil fuel and cooling water for long
, and is capable of hauling four trailer wagons, each with a load of four tons. The mounting arrangements, combined
the large engine power, enables the Tractor to cross ditches and broken ground, and to ford shallow streams with the
Lest facility, as depicted in the illustration. The Tractor works equally well on paraffin or petrol.
MARSHALL, SONS & Co., Ltd.,
ALSO MANUFACTURE
igh-Class Horizontal Engines up to 2,000 h.p.
oilers of all Standard Classes.
ertical Engines with and without Boilers.
Undertype " Engines, Simple and Compound.
lectric Light Engines, Winding and Hauling Engines.
ortable and Semi-Portable Engines.
oad Rollers, Traction Engines, Steam Tractors.
hreshing, Grinding and Sawing Machinery.
il Engines. Tea-Preparing Machinery.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES FREE ON APPLICATION.
INDEX
INDEX
PACE
A BERCORN, DUKE OF, K.G., C.B 38
•**• ABERDEEN, EARL OF, K.T., G.C.M.G 33, ,,3
ABDUL-HAK HAMID BEY, H.IC 23
ABDUL KARIM KHAN, RISALDAR MAJOR 12,68
ABDUL RASHID, RAJAH 236
ACHESON-WILLIAMS, RT. REV. ARTHUR 222
ADAM, MISS CLEMENTINA 30
AGA KHAN, H.H. THE 65, 157
AIRLIE, EARL OF 39
ALBANY, H.R.H. DUCHESS OF 10,30,114,123
ALBEMARLE, EARL OF 68
ALBERT, H.R.H. PRINCE 10, 28
ALCAZAR, HON. HENRY ALBERT, K.C 339
ALCAZAR, MRS. 33^
ALCOCK, DR. WALTER 129
ALEXANDRA, H.H. PRINCESS (OF FYFE) 9, 28
ALEXANDRA, H.M. QUEEN 85, 124
ALFARO, LIEUT. C. E 70
ALLENBY, MAJOR-GEN. E. H. H., C.B 17,67
ALLENDALE, LORD 19,40
AMPTHILL, LADY 36
ANDERSON, SIR J., G.C.M.G 63
ANNALY, LORD, C.V.O. 12,40,72,85,106,121
ARBUTHNOT, COMDR. SIR R 69
ARGYLL, H.R.H. PRINCESS LOUISE, DUCHESS OF 10,28,114, 123
ARGYLL, DUKE OF, K.G., K.T., G.C.M.G., G.C.V.0 37,42,114,123
ARMOUR, LIEUT. JOHN DOUGLAS 271
ARMSTRONG, CAPT. J. H. \V. 229
ARRIGO, CAPT. ANTHONY 60
ASHE, FREDERICK WEBBER, ESQ 272
ASHBURNER, CAPT. L. F 91
ASHLEY, LORD 27
ASQUITH, RT. HON. HERBERT H. 35
ATHILL, C. H., ESQ 37
OADEN-POWELL, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR ROBERT, K.C.B. ... 408,409
BAGNANI, LIEUT.-COL. U ••• 7"
BAHAWALPUR, MAHARAJAH OF 107
FF 457
INDEX
PAGE
BAILLIE-HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM A., K.C.M.G., C.B 32
BARCLAY, MRS. FLORENCE L 373
BARCLAY, COL. H. A., C.Y.0 13
BARIXG, HON. YENETIA 12,36,93, 7,85,121
BARLOW, JOHN DENMAN, ESQ 40
BARNETT, REV. CANON S. A., M.A 32
BARODA, H.H. MAHARAJAH GAEKWAR OF, G. C.S.I 65, 159
BARROW, GEN. SIR E. G., G.C.B 40,65,91
BARROW, LIEUT. R. E 65
BATH AND WELLS, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF 23, 39
BATTENBERG, H.H. PRINCE ALEXANDER OF 9, 30
BATTENBERG, H.H. PRINCE GEORGE OF 91
BATTENBERG, H.S.H. PRINCE GEORGE OF 30
BATTENBERG, H.R.H. PRINCESS HENRY OF 10, 28
BATTENBERG, H.H. PRINCE LEOPOLD OF 30
BATTENBERG, H.S.H. PRINCE LOUIS OF, G.C.B. , G.C.Y.O., K.C.M.G 19, 77
BATTENBERG, H.G.D.H. PRINCESS LOUIS OF 9, 30
BATTENBERG, H.S.H. PRINCESS LOUISE OF 30
BATTKNBERG, H.H. PRINCE MAURICE OF 30
BEAMISH, COMDR. P., R.N 3°
BEATSON, MAJOR-GEN. SIR STUART §7,93
BEAUCHAMP, EARL, K.C.M.G 38, 47
BEAUFORT, DUKE OF ... 37
BEAUMONT, ADMIRAL SIR L. A., K.C.B., K.C.M.G 13,69
BEAUMONT, HON. RALPH EDWARD BLACKETT 4°
BEECHING, REV. CANON H. C., D.LITT 32
BEGUM OF BHOPAL, H.H. NAWALE 65
BELK, LIEUT.-COL. W. 67
BELL, MAJOR-GEN. JOHN ... 89
BELL, LADY ••• 89
BELVILLE, FRANK, ESQ ••• 44«
BERESFORD, LORD M. T. DE LA P., C.V 0 15, 74
BERINDEI, LIEUT.-COL ... 24
BHAGAVATSINHJI OF GONDAL, H.H. SHRI «>, 190
BHAUNAGAR, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF, K. C.S.I 1/4,1/5
BIELOSSELSKY-BIELOSERSKY, PRINCE, G.C.V.O 24
BIGGE, LIEUT.-COL. RT. HON. SIR A. J., G.C.Y.O., K.C.B., K. C.S.I., K.C.M.G. (see a/so J.onl
Slnrii/onllKim) ••• I2> 4°, 7'
BIJAY CHAND MAHTAB, H.H. SIR, K. C.S.I., K.C.I. 1C., I.O.M. ... ... 178
BIKANER, H.H. SIR GANGA SINGH, MAHARAJAH OF, G.C.I.E., K. C.S.I .. 17, 74, 91, l°7
BIRD, CHARLES H., ESQ •••130
BIRD, LIEUT.-COL 93
BIRDWOOD, BRIG. -GEN. W. R., C.S.I., C.I.E., D.S.0 13, 91
BLAIR, LIEUT. FRANK YOUNGER ••• 23°
458
INDEX
PACK
BONHAM, LIEUT. E. H I9) 77
BOR, COL. J. H., C.M.G. 13,74
BORDEX, RT. HON. ROBERT LAIRD, K.C 272
BORIS YLADIMIROYITCH, H.I.H. GRAND DUKE S, 24
BOTHA, GEX. RT. HOX. 1 63
BOTHA, MRS 63
BOTSFORD, WILLIAM MURRAY, ESQ 274
BOWSER, HOX. WILLIAM J., LL.B., K.C. 274
BOY SCOUT IN 1911 408
BRAXD, HOX. DAVID 34
BRAXD, HON. THOMAS HEXRY 36
BRASSEY, GEORGE CHARLES, ESQ 39
BRIDGE, SIR FREDERICK, C.V.O., MI'S. DOC., M.A 51, 131
BRIGGS, SHERIFF 125
BRITISH UXION FOR THE ABOLITION OF VIVISECTION 393
BRODRICK, HON. SYBIL 12, 36
BROOKE, CAPT. LORD, M.V.0 21, 77
BROWN, GEORGE McLAREN, ESQ. 275
BROWNE, LADY DOROTHY 3<5
BROWNE, JAMES, ESQ. 3§
BROWNING, CAPT. M. E., M.V.0 13
BROWNLOW, HON. WILLIAM GEORGE EDWARD 34
BRUNSWICK AND LUNEBURG, H.R.H. DUKE ERNEST AUGUSTUS OF 6, 26
BRUNSWICK AND LUNEBURG, H.R.H. DUKE GEORGE WILLIAM OF 6, 26
BUCCLEUCH, DUKE OF, K.G., K.T 12, 39, 72
BUCKINGHAM, H. C., ESQ 7°
BULGARIA, H.R.H. CROWN PRINCE OF 7, 24
BULKELEY, CAPT. T. H. R., C.M.G., M.V.O '9
BULL, WILLIAM PERKINS, ESQ., LL.B., K.C ••• 276
BURDWAN, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF, K. C.S.I., K.C.I. E., I.O.M. ••• 178
BURKE, H. P., ESQ., C.V.O. ... ••• 37
BURTCHAELL, G. D., ESQ ••• 32
BUTLER, LADY EILEEN 3^'
BYAS, MAJOR H. L •" 24~
AN, EARL, K.G 34,45
CADOGAN, MAJOR HON. W. G. S 91
CAMPBELL, COMDR. A. V., M.V.O. , R.N
CAMPBELL, LIEUT. -COL. C. F., C.I.E '5
CAMPBELL, SIR DUNCAN A. I)., BART., C.V.O.
CAMPBELL, CAPT. SIR WALTER D. S., K. C.V.O 12,40, 72
CAMPBELL W. H. E., ESQ
CAMPBELL-SWINTON, CAPT. G. S.
CANADA'S GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY 4'9
459
INDEX
PACK
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY 425
CANTKRBURY, MOST RIvV. THE ARCHBISHOP OF, G.C.V.O 3, 35,41,49, 1 1 5, 124
CARINGTON, LIEUT.-COL. RT. HON. SIR \V. II. P., K.C.V.O., C.H 12,40,71, 121
CARPMAEL, CAPT. EDWIN GEORGE 248
CARRINGTON, KARL, K.G., G.C.M.G 38, 123
CARRINGTON, LADY YICTORIA 36
CASTELLETTI, CAPT. TEUMA 361
CAYKNDISH, A., ESQ 65
CAYKNDISH, GEORGE vSYDNEY GODOLPHIN, KSQ 36
CAYKNDISH, MAJOR LORD J. S., D.S.O. 67
CHAKRABHONGS, H.R.H. PRINCE 7,25
CHAPMAN, LIEUT. -COL. ARTHUR, Y.D., J.P 231
CHARANJIT SINGH, SIRDAR i/9
CHARKHARI, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF, K.C.I. E 181
CHARLES FRANCIS JOSEPH, H.I.R.H. ARCHDUKE ... 8, 23
CHARLES, LIEUT. -COL. SIR RICHARD HAYKLOCK 87,93,106
CHE MOHAMMAD HASSAN 232
CHERKINGTOX, MAJOR W. \V 249
CHESTKRFIKLD, EARL OF, G.C.Y.0 12,35,74
CHICHESTER, HON. HILDA 25
CHINOY, FA7ULBHOY MKHERALLY, ESQ 189
CHOW TZU-CHI, BRIG.-GEN. 27
CHRISTIAN, CAPT. A. H., M.Y.0 13
CHRISTIAN, H.R.H. PRINCE 19,77,114,123
CHRISTIAN, H.R.H. PRINCESS 10,28,114,123
CHURCHILL, YISCOUNT, G.C.Y.0 39, 53
CLARENDON, EARL OF, G.C.B., G.C.Y.O C8
CLARK, LIEUT. R. P 279
CLARK, SIR WILLIAM MORTIMER, K.C., LL.D. 280
CLARKE, SIR GEORGE S., G.C.M.G., K.C.M.G., G.C.I. 1C 89
CLAYTON, LI EUT. JAMES GEORGE BULWER 249
COCHRANK, A. W. S., ESQ 27, 35
COCHRANE, MISS MINNIE 28
COCHRANE-BAILLIE, HON. VICTOR 39
CODRINGTON, MAJOR-GICN. A. E., C.Y.O., C.B. 17,75,119
CODRINGTON, LIEUT. G. R 21,77
COKE, LADY KATHARINE 3r>
COLERIDGE, HON. STEPHEN 398
COLLINS, LIEUT.-COL. ARTHUR, C.B., M.Y.0 27
COLMAN, F. GORDON, ESQ 439
COLMAN, SIR JEREMIAH, BART 438
COLMAN, J. & J., LD 434
COLMAN, RUSSELL J., ESQ., D.L., J.P 438
COMPTON, LIEUT.-COL. LORD D. J. C 68
460
INDEX
PARR
CONNAUGHT, H.R.H. DUCHESS OF 10,30
COXXAUGHT, H.R.H. DUKE OF, K.G., K.T., K.P -_ ,g> ,,,_ 4g> 77
CONNAUGHT, H.R.H. PRINCE ARTHUR OF, K.G., G.C.Y.O. 19,77,85
COXXAUGHT, H.R.H. PRINCESS VICTORIA PATRICIA OF ,,,, ,„
COOK, LIEUT.-COL. E. B., M.Y.O ,.,, 41,, 77
COOKE-COLLIS, COL. \V., C.M.G ,5
COOKSON, KRIG.-GEX. G. A (,-
COXTOSTAVLOS, MLLE 24
CORKRAN, VICTOR SEYMOUR, ESO.. C.V.0 28
CORNWALLIS, FIEXNES STANLEY \VYKKIIAM, I- O 135
COURTNEY, MAJOR-GEN. EDWARD HENRY, C.V.O. 134
COWAN, COL. H. V., C.V.O., C.B 13,69
COWANS, MAJ.-GEN. J. S., M.V.O 15,70
COX, LIEUT. CHARLES E. L. 34.)
CRANBORNE, VISCOUNT 39
CRAWFORD, EARL OF, K.T. 38
CRAWLEY, REV. A. STAFFORD, M.A 3;
CRAVEN, EARL OF 44
CREAGH, GEN. SIR O'MOORE, V.C., G.C.I! 107
CREWE, MARQUIS OF, K.G. 34,45,85,88,91
CRICHTON, MAJOR HON. G. A 23
CRICHTON, COL. HON. H. G. L ij
CRICHTON, MAJ. VISCOUNT, M.V.O., D.S.0 19, 74
CRISP, SIR FRANK, BART 135
CROSBY, MISS (LADY MAYORESS) i-M
CROSBY, RT. HON. SIR THOMAS HOOR (LORD MAYOR OF LONDON, 1912) ... 122, 124
CROUCH, MAJOR THE HON. RICHARD ARMSTRONG 243
CULME-SEYMOUR, ADMIRAL SIR M., BAKT., G.C.B., G. C.V.O 12,39,72
CURZON OF KEDLESTON, LORD, G. C.S.I., G.C.I.E 33
CURZON-HOWE, RICHARD GEORGE I'ENN, I1.. C.V.O 140
CURZOX, RICHARD NATHANIEL, ESO 33
CUST, COMDR. SIR C. L., BART., C.B., C.M.G., C.I. 1C., M.V.O HI, 40, 77, S;, 91 , 121
T~\ACCA, H.H. NAWABZADAH OF ... 182
*~^ DALTON, REV. CANON J. N., C.V.O., C.M.G., M.A 32
D'AOSTA, H.R.H. DUCHESS, OF ITALY S, 24
D'AOSTA, H.R.H. DUKE, OF ITALY 8,24
DAUBENEY, MLLE. OLIVE -4
DAVIDSON, BT.-COL. SIR A., K.C.B., K. C.V.O 15, 74
DAVIDSON-HOUSTON, LIEUT. -COL. WILFRED BENNETT, C.M.G. 34'
DAVIES, LIEUT.-COL. E. C., I.S.O., V.D l87
D'AVRICOURT, COUNT BALNY
DAWKINS, LADY BERTHA
DAWNAY, DAVID, ESQ
INDEX
PAGE
DAWSON, COL. SIR DOUGLAS F. R., K.C.V.O., C.M.G. 23,40
DA\VSON, LADY MARY 36
DE BYLANDT, COUNT W. P. 26
DE CHAIR, CAPT. D. R 69
DE JONQUIERES, VICE-ADMIRAL FAUQUES <>, 25
DE LA MIXA, MARQUES, G.C.V.0 24
DE LANAUDIERE, LIEUT. -COL. CHARLES TARIEU 296
DE LASTOURS, GEN. DOR 25
DE UNDER, CAPT. E. ... 70
DENMAN, LORD, K.C.V.0 40
DENMARK, H.R.H. CROWN PRINCE OP 7,24
DE RUTHYN, LORD GREY 37,42
DESBOROUGH, LADY 36
DEVONSHIRE, DUCHESS OF 12,22,36,74,85,88,91,97,117,121
DEVONSHIRE, DUKE OF 21,36,42,115,123
DICK-CUNYNGHAM, MRS. W. H 28
DIETZ, LIEUT.-COL. B. R 28
DIXON, COL. GEORGE 136
DOBELL, BT.-COL. C. M 69
DON FERNANDO, H.R.H. INFANTE, OF SPAIN 8
DON, O'CONNOR, THE 34
DOUGLAS, GEN. SIR C. W. H 83
DOUGLAS-PENNANT, HON. VIOLET 28
DOYLE, SIR ARTHUR CONAN 3$5
DRUMMOND, MAJOR WILLIAM EDWARD MOSSE, V.D
DU BOULAY, ESQ., J. H
DUCKWORTH, REV. CANON R., C.V.O., D.I)
DUGDALE, LADY EVA
DUGDALE, LIICUT.-COL. P., C.V.O.
DUNDONALD, EARL OF, K.C.V.O., C.B
DUNLOP-SMITH, SIR JAMES
DUNN, SIR W. H
DUXUWILE, WILLIAM, ESQ.
DURAND, MORTIMER H. M., ESQ 3§
DURHAM, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OP 23, 39
DURHAM, EARL OF, K.G 36,42,85,91,106,121
DYMOKE, FRANK S., ESQ 34
T^DGCUMBE, R., ESQ 36
-*-J EDWARDS, COL. A. H. M., C.B. , M.V.0 17, 75
EGERTON, LADY 63
EGERTON, SIR W., K.C.M.G. 63
ELIOT, VERY REV. PHILIP P., D.D., K.C.V.O., DEAN OF WINDSOR 32, '37
ELLIOT, HON. ESMOND 34
4(,2
INDEX
PAGE
ELLIOT, MAJOR E. H., M.Y.0 40,44
ELLISON, BRIG.-GEX. G. F., C.K 62
ELLISON, REV. J. H. J., M.A 3I
ELMLEY, YISCOUNT 38
ERROLL, EARL OF, K.T., C.B 38
ERSKINE, HON. FRANCIS WALTER 39
ERSKINE, H. D., ESQ., C.Y.O. 39
ESSEX, EARL OF 68
ETHIOPIA, DEJASMATCH KASSA OF 5, 27
EVAN-THOMAS, CAPT. H 69
EWART, MAJ.-GEN. J. S., C.B 15,69
EYRE & SPOTTISWOODE .578
T^AIRFAX, FERDINAND, Esq 35
-*- FAIRHOLME, EDWARD G., ESQ 401
FANNIN, LIEUT. J. G. 250
FARRAR, REV. F. P., M.A 32
FARQUHAR, LADY 28
FBRGUSON-DAVIE, RT. REV. CHARLES JAMES 238
FFOLKES, REV. FRANCIS A. S., M.Y.O., M.A 3"
FIELDING, HON. WILLIAM STEVENS 281
FIFE, H.H. PRINCESS ALEXANDRA OF 9, 28
FIFE, COL. SIR AUBONE, C.Y.O 39
FIFE, H.R.H. DUCHESS OF (PRINCESS ROYAL) 28
FIFE, DUKE OF, K.G., K.T., G.C.V.0 38, 70, 114
FIFE, H.H. PRINCESS MAUD OF 9, 28
FISHER, HON. A. 62
FISHER, MRS 6:
FITTON, COL. H. G., D.S.O .' 13,69
FITZCLARENCE, LIEUT.-COL. C., V.C 19,40,77
FITZGERALD, REV. MAURICE, M.A 32
FITZGERALD, CAPT. O. A. G i/~, 75
FITZMAURICE, MAJOR LORD C. G. F 15,74,87,9,106,119
FITZWILLIAM, CAPT. HON. SIR CHARLES 77, "9
FLEMMING, HON. JAMES KIDD 283
FLETCHER, LIEUT.-COL. _H. A., C.Y.O 3<>
FORESTIER-WALKER, COL. G. T. ",i, (9
FORTESCUE, HON. JOHN \V., M.V.0 87,93
FORTESCUE, JOHN G., ESQ. 34
ERASER, CAPT. DUNCAN 344
FREMANTLE, ADMIRAL HON. SIR EDMUND R., G.C.B., C.M.G 40
FRENCH, CAPT. HOUSTON 4^,44
FRENCH, GEN. SIR J. P. D., G. C.B. , G.C.Y.O. , K.C.M.G 13, <>9
FRY, J. S. & SONS, LD ••• 44 1
463
INDEX
PAGE
FRY. JOSEPH STORKS, ESQ. .................. 442
FRYER, MAJOR J ..................................... 70
R OF BARODA, H.H. MAHARAJAH, G. C.S.I ................ 65,159
GATLIFF, LIEUT.-GEN. ALBERT FARRER ..................... 251
GAY, ESQ., C. H., R.A ..................................... 65
GEE, REV. HENRY, D.D .................................. 31
GEORGE, H.R.H. PRINCE ........................ 10,28,117,119,126
GERMAN CROWN PRINCE, H.I.R.H ......................... 8, 23
GERMAN CROWN PRINCESS, H.I.R.H ............. ............... 8, 23
GIBBS, CAI'T. J. E ......................... ......... -M.77
GLEICHEN, COL. COUNT K.C.Y.O., C.B., C.M.G., D.S.0 ................ 15,74
GI.EICHEN, COUNTESS FEO .............................. 30
GI.EICHEN, COUNTESS HELENA .............................. 30
GODFREY-FAUSSETT, CAPT. B. G., C.M.G., M.V.O., R.N ............. 5, £5, 91, 106, 122
GODFREY-FAUSSETT, MRS .................................. 26
GOLDBY, WILLIAM SAMUEL, ESQ. ........................... 284
GOLDSMITH, CAPT. SIR WILLIAM, R.N ............................ 36
GOLEJEWSKY, LIEUT. -COL .................................. 70
GONDAL, H.H. THAKOR SAHIB OF ........................ 66, 190
GONDAL, H.H. THAKORESS SAHIBAH OF ..................... 6, 19!
GOODWIN, COL. F., C.I.E ............................... 13,68,91
GORDON, SIR HOME, BART. .............................. 390
GOUGH, COL. J. 1C., Y.C., C.M.G ............................... 13
GOUGH-CALTHORPE, CAPT. HON. S. A., C.Y.O. ..................... 13
GOUIN, HON. SIR LOMER ................................. 284
GRAHAM, PRESTON, ESQ .................................. 34
GRANARD, EARL OF, K.P ......................... 19,39,77, 17,121
GRANT, F. J., ESQ ..................................... 33
GREECE. H.R.H. CROWN PRINCE OF ........................... 7, 24
GREECE, H.R.H. CROWN PRINCESS OF ........................... 7,24
GREECE. H.R.H. PRINCE GEORGE OF ........................... 6, 26
GREECE, H.R.H. PRINCE GEORGE OF (SON OF THE CROWN PRINCE) ......... 6, 26
GREECE, H.R.H. PRINCESS GEORGE OF ..................... 6, 26
GREELY, MAJOR-GEN. ADOLPHUS W ................... ......
GREEN, E., ESQ. .................................
GKEER, CAPT. H ..................................... 28
GRENFEI.L. HON. IYO .................................... 27
GRENFELL, F.-MARSHAL LORD, G.C.B., G. C.M.G ................... 15, 70
GREY, LIEUT. -COL. RALEIGH, C.M.G., C.Y.O ......................... 252
GKIMSTON, KR.-GEN. R. E .................................. 91
GROTE. HAUSMARSCHALL GRAF .............................. 26
GUHBIXS, SURG.-GEN. W. L., C.B., M.Y.0 ...................... 5, 70
GURUAM SINGH, GEN. ................................. 66
464
INDHX
PAGE
GWALIOR, HON. MAJOR-GEN. H.H. SIR MADHO RAO SCINDIA, MAHARAJAH OF 17, 74, 9., 1,7
GYE HON. MABEI 36
TTADDEN, MAJOR-GEN. SIR C. P., K.C.B ,5, 74
HADDIXGTON, EARL OP, K.T 68
HADWEN, WALTER R., M.I)., J.T., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., L.S.A. 393
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ABDULLAH KHAN, HON. COL 91
HAHN, COUNT 25, 26
HAHN, MAJOR-GEN
HAIG, LIEUT.-COL. A. B., C.V.O., C.M.G 15, 74
HAMIDULLA KHAN, SAHIBZADA 65
HAMILTON, DUCHESS OP 51
HAMILTON, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR B. M., K.C.B 13, 69
HAMILTON, GEN. SIR I. S. M., G.C.B., D.S.0 13, 62
HAMILTON, PETER, ESQ 38
HAMMOND, HON. JOHN HAYS 6,25
HANKEY, CAPTAIN C. 19, 77
HANSON, SHERIPP 126
HARBORD, MAJOR C. R
HARBORD, V. A. C., ESQ 39
HARDINGE, HON. HENRY RALPH ... 33
HARDINGE, LADY S% 93, 9'; 97, i(>9
HARDINGE, H.E. RT. HON. BARON, G.C.I!., C,. M.S.I., G.M.I.E., VICEROY
OF INDIA ^9, 91, 96, 97, no
HARRIS, C. T., ESQ
HART, LIEUT. -GEN. SIR REGINALD CLARE, V.C., K.C.B., K.C.V.0 253
HART-McHARG, MAJOR WILLIAM
HARTINGTON, MARQUESS OP 39
HARTWELL, SIR BRODRICK, BART 138
HARUN-AL-RASHID, RAJAH
HASBI, NAGADRAS
HASSAN, CHE MOHAMMAD
HASTINGS, EDWARD, ESQ
HAWKES, MISS
HAY, HON. JOSSLYN VICTOR
HAYWARD, LIEUT.-COL. EDWIN JAMES ••• '93
HAYWOOD, CAPT. ARTHUR TOMKINSON
HAZEN, HON. JOHN DOUGLAS, K.C., LL.D.
HEATH, H. H., ESQ
HEATH, CAPT. H. L., M.V.O.
HEIDBORN, COI
HENEKER, BT.-COL. W. C. G., D.S.O.
HENNELL, COL. SIR R., C.V.O., D.S.O. 4", 44
HENSON, REV. CANON II. H., D.D.
4^5
INDEX
HENRY, SIR EDWARD, K.C.V.O., C.S.I.,
HENRY, H.R.H. PRINCE
HEPBURN-STUART-FORBES-TREFUSIS, CAPT. HON. J. F. ...
HERON-MAXWELL, MISS ETHEL
HERSCHELL, LORD, M.V.O
HERTSLET, REV. E. L. A., M.A
HESSE, H.R.H. GRAND DUCHESS OF
HESSE, H.R.H. GRAND DUKE OF
HESSE, H.H. PRINCE FREDERICK CHARLES OF
HESSE, H.R.H. PRINCESS FREDERICK CHARLES OF
HEWART, DR. JOHN, M.B., C.M.Euix., J.P., M.L.A
HEYWOOD, LIEUT. A.
HIGASHI-FUSHIMI, H.I.H. PRINCE
HIGASHI-FUSHIMI, H.I.H. PRINCESS
HILL, CAPT. H
HIRA SINGH, H.H., G. C.S.I., G.C.I. E. (LATE MAHARAJAH OF NABHA)
HOGG, CAPT. R. E. T
HOHENLOHE-LANGENBURG, H.S.H. PRINCESS VICTOR OF
HOLDSWORTH, BT.-COL. G. L 67
HOLFORD, BT.-LIEUT.-COL. SIR G. L., K.C.V.O., C.I.E 15, 74
HOLT, HERBERT SAMUEL, ESQ 288
HOME, MAJOR J. M 71
HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 387
HOOD, HON. A. N., C.V.0 37
HOOD, JACOMB, ESQ 87, 106
HOPE, RICHARD, ESQ. 38
HOPWOOD, SIR FRANCIS J. S., G.C.M.G., K.C.B 32
HOWARD, ALGAR H. S., ESQ 32
HOWARD, HON. GEOFFREY, M.P. 34
HOWARD, JOHN, ESQ. 291
HOWE, EARL, G.C.V.O. 140
HUGHES, COL. SAMUEL, M.P 293
HUGUET, COL. V. J. M., M.V.O 70
HULETT, SENATOR THE HON. SIR JAMES LIEGE, J.P 259
HUNLOKE, CAPT. PHILIP 121
HUNTER, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR ARCHIBALD, K.C.B 87, yi4
HUSSEIN RUSHDI PASHA, H.E 27
HYDERABAD, H.H. THE NIZAM OF, G.C.B., G.C.S.1 93
TM THTJRN, SIR E. P., K.C.M.G 63
-*• IM THURN, LADY 63
INAGAKI, COL. S 70
INDORE, H.H. MAHARAJAH HOLKAR OF 65
INGLES, LIEUT. HARRY CLEMENT 260
466
INDEX
PAGE
INNES-KER, CAPT. LORD ALASTAIR 30
ITURRIAGA, COL. DON G. L 71
TAMES, ARTHUR, ESQ. 34
** JENKINS, REV. C., M.A. 35
JIND, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF, K.C.S.1 193
JODHPUR, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF 107
JOHNSTON, C., ESQ 70
JOHNSTONE, LIEUT.-COL. R 345
JONES, HENRY VICTOR FRANKLIN, ESQ 295
JONES, MAJOR L. C 12, 68
JOSEPH- WATKIN, T. M., ESQ 23, 35
JUDD, WALTER ALBERT, ESQ 142
JUJHAR SINK, H.H. SIR, K.C.I.E., MAHARAJAH OF CHARKARI 181
JUNGSTEDT, GEN 24
JUSWANT RIKH, H.H. KUMAR 204
T^"EARY, BRIG.-GEN. H. D'U., D.S.O '3,91
•*•*• KEDAH, H.H. SULTAN OF
KEI-KO-MIYAOKA, MADAME -4
KEITH, CAPT. R. A. L. 33
KEMBALL, BRIG.-GEN. G. V., C.B., D.S.O. '5, 7"
KEMP, EDWIN, ESQ
KENNA, COL. P. A., V.C., D.S.O '3, ('9
KENNEDY, REV. M. E., M.V.O., M.A 3'
KEPPEL, REAR-ADMIRAL SIR COLIN, K.C.V.O. ••• 93
KEPPEL, LIEUT.-COL. HON. D. W. G., C.V.O., C.M.G., C.I.E. 15, 74
KEPPEL, HON. SIR DEREK, C.M.G., C.I.E., M.V.O. ... «5,9", I()(>, IJ1
KERR, LIEUT.-COL. F. W., D.S.O
KERR, MISS NONA
KEY, W. H., ESQ.
KHEDIVE, H.H. THE
KIAMIL PASHA, H.E
KIDD, MISS BEATRICE E
KING-HARMAN, SIR CHARLES ANTHONY, K.C.M.G.
KING-HARMAN, LADY
KINGSLEY, CAPT. BELL
KITCHENER OF KHARTOUM, F. -MARSHAL VISCOUNT, G.C.B., O.M., G. C.S.I., G.C.M.G.,
G.C.I.E. 5, 17, 21, 37, 75, «7. 88, in
KNOLLYS, LORD, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G. ... ••• 4"
KNOLLYS, HON. E. G. W. T 39
KNOX, LADY EILEEN
KRATKY, COL. K
467
INDEX
PACK
I" AMBART, MAJOR (*,. F. \V., C.V.0 33
LAMBLEY, CAPT. JULIAN THEODORE 261
LAMBTON, ADMIRAL HON. SIR HEDWORTH, K.C.B., K.C.V.0 34,74, 112
LAMBTON, LADY 112
LAMMERT, CAPT. GEORGE P 233
LANAUDIERE, LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES TARIEU DE 296
LANCASTER, CHARLES & CO., LD. 445
LANG, MAJOR WILLIAM ROBERT 297
LANSDOWNE, MARCHIONESS OF 115
LANSDOWNE, MARQUESS OF, K.G., G. C.S.I., G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E 34, 115, 123
LASCELLES, CAPT. E. FF. W 21, 77
LASCELLES, COLONEL 44
LA TERRIKRE, COL. F. B. DE SALES 42,44
LAURIER, RT. HON. SIR WILFRID, G.C.M.G., LL.D. 62,298
LEE, G. A., ESQ. 37
LEGARD, MAJOR D'A. 17,67
LKGGE, COL. HON. SIR H. C., K.C.Y.O '5,74
LEICESTER, KARL OF, G.C.Y.O., C.M.G 68
LEMBESIS, CAPT. C 26
LE MOTTLE, COL. J. E 13
LEOPOLD OF SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA, H.R.H. PRINCE 5, 27, 149
LKVIDIS, MAJOR CONSTANTINE 24
LINDSAY, DAYID, MASTER OF 38
LINDSAY, W. A., ESQ., K.C 37
LIVERPOOL, EARL OF, M.V.0 33
LIYINGSTONE-LEARMOUTH, CAPT. N. J. C 75
LLEWELLYN, CAPT. H. ROLAND 233
LOCH, MISS EMILY 28
LOMAX, LIEUT. ROGER HERBERT NORRES 262
LONDON, RT. REY. THE BISHOP OF 9,42,120
LOREBURN, LORD, G.C.M.G. 35
LOUDOUN, EARL OF 37,42
LOWTHKR, A. E., ESQ. 12,39
LOWTHER, MAJOR H. ., C.M.G. , M.Y.O., D.S.0 70
LUBBOCK, MAJOR G., R.E 62
LUCAS, SIR CHARLES P., K. C.M.G., C.B. 32
LUCAS, F. H., ESQ 87,93
LYONS, J., & CO., LD. 447
LYONS, SIR JOSEPH 448
LYTTELTON, GEN. RT. HON. SIR N. G., G.C.B. 40,69
A /TACDONALD, W. R., ESQ. 33
MACDONOGH, LIEUT.-COL. G. M. W 71
MACHELL, COUNTESS VALDA 3"
468
INDEX
PAGE
MACKINNON, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR W. H., K.C.B., C.Y.O. 13,69
MACLAUGHLIN, C., ESQ 35
MACMILLAN, REV. J. V., M.A. 35
MACRAE, CAPT. COLIN W. ... 42,44
MACREADY, MAJOR-GEN. C. P. N., C.B M, 70
MADOCKS, MAJOR \V. R. N. 62
MAGRATH, CHARLES A., ESQ 301
MAHMUD, H.H. TUXKU 6;
MAHOMED AFZAL, H.H. XAWAB/ADAH OP DACCA !82
MAHOMED ALI PASHA, H.H. PRINCE 88
MAKGILL-CRICHTON-MAITLAND, CAPT. F. L 62
MALIK SHER BAHADUR KHAN, KISALDAR MAJOR 12,68
MAR AND KELLIE, COUNTESS OF 112
MARCHANT, COL. A. E 69
MARIE LOUISE, H.H. PRINCESS 9, 28
MARJORIBANKS, EDWARD, ESQ. ... 33
MARPOLE, RICHARD, ESQ 302
MARSHALL, SONS & CO., LD. 454
MARTIN, MAJOR EVAN, M.V.0 28
MARTIN, SIR GEORGE CLEMENT, M.V.O., MUS. DOC., F.R.C.0 123, i_*4, 142
MARY, H.R.H. PRINCESS i<>, 28, 78, 85, 117, 119, 122, 124
MAUD, H.H. PRINCESS (OF FIFE). . 9, 28
MAXIMILIAN, OF BADEN, H.G.D.H. PRIXCE ... 6, 26
MAXIMILIAN', OF BADEX, H.R.H. PRIXCE.SS 6, 26
MAXWELL, MAJOR-GEX. SIR JOHN C,., K.C.B., C.M.G., D.S.0 87
McBRIDE, HON. RICHARD 299
McKEE, CAPT. WILLIAM A 3"°
McMAHON, COL. SIR ARTHUR HENRY, K.C.I. E 91
MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN, H.R.H. GRAND DUCHESS OF .. 7, 25
MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN, H.R.H. GRAND DUKE OF ... 7,25
MECKLENBURG-STRELIT7, H.R.H. GRAND DUKE OF 7, 25
MECKLENBURG-STRELITZ H.R.H. HEREDITARY GRAND DUKE OF 5,26
MELHADO, CARLOS, ESQ., C.M.G 345
MELLISS, BRIG.-GEN. C. J 69,91
MEREDITH, HON. SIR WILLIAM RALPH 3°4
MERTHYR, LORD, OF SENGHENYDD, G.C.V.O. 144
MIFSUD, ORESTE GRECH, ESQ., C.M.G. , LL.D. ... 364
MILES, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR H. S. G., K.C.B., C.V.O. ... 15, 74
MILLARD, LIEUT. HAROLD 234
MILLS, RT. REV. WILLIAM LENNOX, D.D., LL.D., D.C.L ••• 306
MILNE, VICE-ADMIRAL SIR A. B., BART., K.C.I!., K. C.V.O. 15, 74
MINTO, COUNTESS OF ••• 12,36,74
MINTO, EARL OF, K.G., G.C.S.I., G. C.M.G., G.C.I.E 34,45
MITFORD, COL. W. K., C.M.G ••• *3
469
INDEX
PAGE
MOHAMMAD HAMID ALT KHAN, H.H. COL. SIR, G.C.I.E., G.C.V.0 158
MOHAMED AU PASHA, OF EGYPT, H.H. PRINCE 5, 27
MOLYNEUX, HON. CECIL RICHARD 37
MONACO, H.S.H. HEREDITARY PRINCE OF 5, 27
MOXCKTON-ARUNDELL, LIEUT. HON. G. V. A 21, 77
MONCRIEFFE, COL. SIR R. D., BART 13
MOND, SIR ALFRED, BART., M.P. 145
MONEY, MAJOR E. D. 91
MONRO, REV. R. D., M.A 394
MONTAGUE, LORD CHARLES iu
MONTENEGRO, H.R.H. HEREDITARY PRINCE DANILO OF 7, 24
MONTENEGRO, H.R.H. PRINCESS MILITZA OF 7, 24
MONTGOMERY, RT. REV. BISHOP H. H., D.D. 32
MONTROSE, DUCHESS OF 51
MONTROSE, DUKE OF, K.T 68
MOODIE, MAJOR JOHN DOUGLAS 307
MOORE, ADMIRAL SIR ARTHUR \V 83,84
MORETON, LADY EVELYN 30
MORETON, HON. R., M.V.0 23
MORLEY OF BLACKBURN, VISCOUNT, O.M 35
MORRIS, RT. HON. SIR EDWARD, P.C., K.C., LL.D 63, 308
MORRIS, LADY 63
MOSTYN, LORD 33
MUHAMMAD ASLAM KHAN, HON. COL. SIR 91
MUHAMMAD ISMAIL, SUBADAR MAJOR 12, 68
MUNDY, CAPT. G. E. M 119
MUNRO, COL. SIR H., BART. 13
MURRAY, MAJOR-GEN. A. J., C.V.O., C.B., D.S.0 15, 70
MURRAY, HON. GEORGE H. 309
MURRAY, KEITH W., ESQ 32
MURRAY, MAJOR MALCOLM, C.V.0 30, 77
MUSGRAVE, NIGEL C., ESQ. 38
NABHA, LATE MAHARAJAH OF (H.H. HIRA SINGH), G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E 205, 206
NABHA, MAHARAJAH OF (H.H. RIPUDAMAN SINGH), F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S. ... 208, 209
NATHOOBHOY, TRIBHOWANDAS MANGALDAS, ESQ 213
NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY 39«
NEPAL, H.H. SIR CHANDRA SHER JANG, G.C.B., MAHARAJAH OF 108
NETHERLANDS, H.R.H. PRINCE OF THE 6,26
NICHOLSON, F.-MARSHAL SIR W. G., G.C.B., A.D.C.-GENERAL 15, 74
NORFOLK, DUKE OF, K.G., G.C.V.0 38, 77, "5
NORIE, BT.-COL., E. W. M ••• 69
NORTHCOTE, CAPT. MOWBRAY STAFFORD 235
NORTHCOTE, LORD, G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E., C.B ... 33
470
INDEX
PAGE
NORTHUMBERLAND, DUKE OF, K.G 38,42,68
NORWAY, H.M. QUEEN OF 85
NUGENT, COL. G. C 119
NUGENT, COL. O. S. W., D.S.0 13
/^VBEIDULLAH KHAN, COL. SAHIB/.ADA 65
^-^ OBEYESEKERE, HON. SIR SOLOMON CHRISTOFFEL, J.I'. 215
OBEYESEKERE, LADY 216
O'BRIEN, MAJOR HON. MURROUGH 28
O'CALLAGHAN-WESTROPP, COL. G [3
OGILYY, LADY MABELL 36
O'GRADY, G., ESQ 33
OLDHAM, COL. SIR H. H., C.Y.0 39
OLIPHANT, GEN. SIR L. J., K.C.Y.O., C.B 13, 69
OLIYER, HENRY ALFRED, ESQ., C.M.G. 262
OLIVIER, SIR S., K.C.M.G 63
OMMANNEY, SIR MONTAGU P., G.C.M.G., K.C.B 32
ONTARIO, RT. REV. THE LORI) BISHOP OF 306
ORR, CAPT. J. A. 62
O'SULLIVAN, CAPT. J. J., J.P., F.R.G.S 263
OSSULSTON, LORD 38
OSTERTAG, MAJOR R., C.V.0 7"
OWEN, MAJOR F. CUNLIFFE 70
OXFORD, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF 23, 36
PALMER, HON. WILLIAM JOCELYN LEWIS 33
-*• PARDO, LIEUT. DON G. Q 71
PARKER, REV. WILFRID, M.A 35
PARSONS, ALFRED, ESQ., R.A 386
PASEA, CAPT. HENEAGE GOLDIE 34'', 347
PATIALA, H.H. MAHARAJAH OF, K. C.S.I ... 66
PAUL, COL. G. R. C 69
PAUL, SIR JAMES B ••• 37
PEASE, EDSON L., ESQ 310,311
PELLATT, SIR HENRY MILL, C.V.O., D.C.I 3", 312
PELLETIER, LIEUT.-COL. HON. JOSEPH PANTALEON ... ... 3'5
PELLETIER, HON. LOUIS PHILIPPE, M.P 3if>
PELLY, MISS EVELYN 3"
PENALVER, CAPT. DON A. M ?i
PERAK, RAJAH ABDUL RASHII) OF
PERAK, RAJAH CHULAN OF ••• 63
PERAK, RAJAH HARUN-AL-RASHID OF 63, -3^'
PERAK, H.H. SULTAN OF, G.C.M.G ... ('3
PERCY, LORD ALGERNON, M. A., J.P., D.L ••• 68
471
INDEX
PAGE
PERKINS, REV. JOCELYX, M.A 32
PERRONE, BARONESS MARIA 24
PETERBOROUGH, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OP 23, 36
I'HAYRE, MAJOR-GEN. ARTHUR, C.B 147
PHEROZSHAH MEHTA, SIR 89
PHILIP, H.R.H. PRINCE, OF SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA 6, 26, 150
PHILLIPS, LIEUT.-COL. DON E 70
PIACENTINI, MAJOR-GEN. COMMENDATORE SETTIMIO 24
PLENDER, SIR WILLIAM, E.G. A., F.S.S 148
PLUNKET, LORD, G.C.M.G., K.C.V.0 33
PLUXKET, HON. TERENCE CONYNGHAM 33
POE, ADMIRAL SIR EDMUND, K. C.B 113
POE, LADY 113
POENARDO, MADAME 24
POLE-CAREW, J. G., ESQ 40
PONSOXBY, LIEUT.-COL. SIR P. E. G., K.C.V.O., C.B 19, 40, 77, 122
PONSONBY, CAPT. HON. MYLES, M.V.0 30
POXSOXBY-FAXE, RT. HOX. SIR SPENCER C.B., G.C.B 27
PORTLAND, DUCHESS OF 51
PRATAP SINGH, MAJOR-GEN. H.H. SIR, OF IDAR, G. C.S.I., K.C.B., A.D.C. 17, 74, 91, 97, 101
PRESTON, EDWARD, ESQ 35
PRIDEAUX-BRUNE, EDMUND NICHOLAS, ESQ 33
PRINGLE, JOHN, ESQ., K.C.M.G., M.B.C.M 347, 34«
PRINGLE, MAJOR-GEX. R., C.B., D.S.O IS, 7°
PRUSSIA, H.R.H. PRIXCE HEXRY OF 7. 25
PUDUKOTA, H.H. RAJAH OF 66
PURDEY, A. S., ESQ 452
PURDEY, CECIL O., ESQ 453
PURDEY, JAMES, ESQ. 45 1
PURDEY, JAMES, & SONS 45°
PUTNAM, MAJOR GEORGE HAVEN, LiTT.D 371
PUTNAM, GEORGE PALMER, ESQ 369
PUTNAM'S, G. P., SONS 369
O AINSFORD-HANNAY, BRIG.-GEN. F. ••• '5
•*•*• RAJEPAKSE, TUDOR DEDRICK, ESQ ... 217
RAJPIPLA, H.H. RAJAH OF ••• 66
RAMPUR, H.H. NAWAB OF, G.C.I. E., G.C.V.O. (H.H. SIR MOHAMMAD ALI KHAN) I5>S
RANBIR SINGH, H.H. SIR, K. C.S.I. ••• '93
RASHID, RAJAH ABDUL ••• 23^>
RASHID, RAJAH HARUN-AL- 63,236
RAWSON, R. GEOFFREY H., ESQ. 3<5
RAYBAUD, COL. DON E 7"
REED, LIEUT.-COL. H. L-, V.C 6-
472
INDEX
PAGE
REID, PETER, ESQ 35
REID, RICHARD, ESQ 317
REXDORP, LIEUT. JOXKHEER 70
REXOUF, LIEUT. -COL. EDWARD MICHAEI 318
REXSHAW, THOMAS ARTHUR, ESQ 37
REVELSTOKE, LORD, G.C.Y.O 27
RICE, HOX. CHARLES ARTHUR URYAX 33
RICHARDS, CAPT. ADOLPHUS 348
RICHARDS, MAJOR GEORGE ROBERT 264
RICHMOXD, DUKE OF, K.G., G.C.V.O., C.B 38, 42, 68
RIPON, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF 3Q, 42
RIPUDAMAX SIXGH, H.H., F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S 208, 209
ROBERTS, F. -MARSHAL EARL, V.C., K.G., K.P., G.C.K., O.M., G.C.S.I., G.C.I.F,. 15, 21, 37, 70, 115
ROGERS, HIS HOXOUR THE HOX. liEXJAMIX 320
ROGERS, SIR R. H 62
ROMILLY, LORD 39
ROSEBERY, EARL OF, K.G., K.T 21,34,45
ROSS, AXDREW, ESQ 33
ROUMANIA, H.R.H. PRIXCE OF 7, 24
ROUMANIA, H.R.H. PRIXCESS OF 7, 24
ROXBURGHE, DUKE OF, K.T., M.Y.0 37, 42
ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVEXTIOX OF CRUELTY TO AXIMALS 401
ROYDEX-TURXER, LIEUT 265
RUPPRECHT, H.R.H. PRIXCE, OF BAVARIA 6,26
RUSSELL, LIEUT. WILLIAM ••• 237
RYLE, RT. REV. BISHOP H. E., D.D 32, 42
OANDAY, REV. CAXOX WILLIAM, D.D. 31
^ SANDEMAN, LIEUT.-COL. J. G., M.V.O ••• 36
SAVORY, SIR J., BART 62
SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA, H.I.R.H. DOWAGER DUCHESS OF (DUCHESS OF
EDINBURGH) I0> 3°
SAXE-COBURG AXD GOTHA, H.R.H. DUCHESS OF 6, 26
SAXE-COBURG AXD GOTHA, H.R.H. DUKE OF 6> 26
SAXE-COBURG AXD GOTHA, H.R.H. PRIXCE LEOPOLD OF 5, 27, 149
SAXE-COBURG AXD GOTHA, H.R.H. PRIXCE PHILIP OF ••• <>, 26, 150
SAXE-MEIXIXGEX, H.R.H. HEREDITARY7 PRIXCESS OF 6
SAXOXY, H.R.H. PRIXCE JOHAXX GEORGE OF ... 6> 26
SAXONY, H.R.H. PRIXCESS JOHAXX GEORGE OF ... 6,26
SAYAJI RAO, H.H. SIR (GAEKWAR OF BARODA) ... 65, 159
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, H.H. PRIXCE ALBERT OF ... '9
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIX, H.R.H. PRIXCE CHRISTIAN' OF, K.G., G.C.V.O. 19, 77, 114, 123
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIX, H.R.H. PRIXCESS CHRISTIAN OF ... 10, 28, 114, 123
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIX, H.H. DUKE ERXST GUXTHER OF
GG 473
INDEX
PACK
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, H.H. PRINCESS MARIE LOUISE OF 9, 28
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, H.H. PRINCESS VICTORIA OF 9, 28
SCHONBURG-HARTENSTEIN, H.S.H. MAJOR-GEN. PRINCE ALOIS 23
SCOTT, MAJOR T. E.. C.I.E., D.S.O. 65
SCOTT, HON. WALTER 321
SCOTT, HON. WILLIAM WALTER 39
SCOTT-ELLIOT, MAJOR C. R 65
SCRYMGEOUR-WEDDERBURN, LIEUT.-COL. H 34
SEFTON, LADY 112
SELBORNE, EARL OF, K.G., G.C.M.G 33
SERVIA, H.R.H. HEREDITARY PRINCE ALEXANDER OF 7, 24
SETON, WALTER WARREN, ESQ., M.A 151
SETTRINGTON, LORD 38
SEYMOUR, CAPT. EDWARD, M.V.0 30
SHAFTESBURY, COUNTESS OF 36,85,93,117.121
SHAFTESBURY, EARL OF, K.C.V.0 12,36,72,85,93,97,121
SHAHPURA, THE RAJADHIRAJA OF 66
SHARPE, SIR A., K.C.M.G., C.B 63
SHARPS, LADY 63
SHAUGHNESSY, SIR THOMAS, K.C.V.0 3-=-', 432
SHEFFIELD, THOMAS WILLIAM, ESQ., F.R.C.1 323
SHEPPARD, REV. CANON EDGAR, C.V.O., D.I) ... 32
SHEPPARD, LIEUT. E. 21, 77
SHORE, REV. CANON T. T., M.A 31
SHORTER, CLEMENT K., ESQ 375, 37^
SHREWSBURY, EARL OF, K.C.V.0 3«
SHRIMANT NARAYAN RAO BOLIA 211
SIFTON, HON. ARTHUR LEWIS, M.A., LL.B., D.C.L., K.C 324
SINGAPORE, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF 238
SINGH, SIRDAR RAJKUMAR 66
SLACK, MAJOR WILLIAM J. 349
SLATIN PASHA, SIR RUDOLPH, K.C.M.G., M.V.O in
SLINGER, CAPT. DAVID LEOPOLD 35O
SLOCUM, MAJOR S. L'H 7°
SMITH, REV. CANON CLEMENT, M.V.O., M.A 3'
SMITH, RT. HON. SIR DONALD ALEXANDER.G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O. (LORD STRATHCOXA) ... 325
SMITH, SIR JAMES DUNLOP *7
SMITH, CAPT. JAMES LIGHTBOURN 35'
SMITH, JOHN OBED, ESQ. ... * ••• 328
SMITH, COL. MANNERS, V.C. i°8
SMITH-DORRIEN, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR HORACE, K.C.B., D.S.O 85, 91, 119
SOCIETY, NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION ..-398
SOCIETY, ROYAL, FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ... ... 401
SOMERSET, DUKE OF 38, 42
474
INDEX
PACE
SPAIN, H.R.H. INFANTE DOX FERXAXDO OF 24
SPENCER, EARL, G.C.Y.0 12,35,47,74
SPENCER, HOX. GEORGE CHARLES 35
SPENCER-CHURCHILL, LORD IVOR C 40
" SPHERE, THE " 375
SPOTTISWOODE, W. HUGH, ESQ 377, 378
oTAMFORDHAM, LORI), G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K. C.S.I., K.C.M.G., I.S.O. (sir also ]il. ll,,n. Sir A. .1 .
Bit/i/c) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 85,91, 121
STANLEY, HOX. OLIYER FREDERICK GEORGE 38
STANTON, COL. HENRY ERNEST, C.B., D.S.O. 13,69,91,218
STEPHEX, CAPT. D. C. 21, 77
STEPHEXSOX, ADMIRAL SIR HEXRY F., G.C.Y.O., K.C.B. 38
STEVENSON, COL. J., C.I5. 13, 68
STEVENSON, J. H., ESQ 32
STEWART, BT.-COL. J. II 69
STEWART, LORD, G.C.M.G., G.C.Y.0 38
STOCKLEY, MAJOR II. R 91
STRATHCOXA, LORD, G.C.M.G., G.C.Y.0 325
STRATTON, REV. J., M.A 395
STREATFEILD, COL. H., M.V.0 15, 74
STRONG, RT. HON. SIR T. VEZEY (LORD MAYOR OF LOXDOX, 1911) 38, 72, 74
STUART- WORTLEY, RT. HOX. CHARLES BEILBY, K.C., M.P 152
STUART, RT. HON. JAMES 439
SUAREZ, COL. DOX P. 70
SURADEJ, LIEUT. -COL. PHRA SOXG 25
SUTHERLAND, DUCHESS OF 51
SWAIN, LIEUT. -COL. HOX. GEORGE LLENVELLYX DOUGLAS, V.D 352
SWEDEX, H.R.H. CROWN PRINCE OF 7. ^4
SWEDEN, H.R.H. CROWN PRINCESS OF 7, -=4
SYNGE, R. F., ESQ 23
X JIAK KIM, THE HOX., C.M.G 239
TATA, SIR DORABJI J. 219
TATA, LADY 221
TATE, REAR-ADMIRAL A. G. 83
"TATLER, THE" 375
TAYLOR, LIEUT. ARTHUR JAMES 266
TECK, H.S.H. PRINCE ALEXANDER OF, G.C.Y.O., D.S.O 19
TECK, H.R.H. PRIXCESS ALEXAXDER OF 9, 3"
TECK, H.S.H. DUCHESS OF 9, 3"
TECK, H.S.H. DUKE OF, G.C.V.O., C.M.G. 19,77,85,88,91,97,119
TECK, H.S.H. PRINCE GEORGE OF 37
TECK, H.S.H. PRINCESS HELENA OF 30
TECK, H.S.H. PRINCESS VICTORIA OF 3"
475
INDEX
PACE
TENGELY, CAI'T. JOHN ARTHUR CLARENCE 354
THORN, GEORGE F., ESQ 446
THORN, HENRY A. A., ESQ 445
THORNE, CAPT. STANLEY CLIFFORD, J.P 355
TINNEVELLY AND MADURA, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OK 222
TOGO, ADMIRAL COUNT HEIHACHIRO, O.M 24
TOMLINSON, CAPT. ALFRED JAMES 267
TREFUSIS, LADY MARY 3^
TRELOAR, SIR \V. P., BART. 62
TROTTER, MAJOR-GEN. J. K 83
TSAI CHEN, H.H. PRINCE, OF CHINA 5, 27
TUCK, SIR ADOLPH 383
TUCK, DESMOND A., ESQ 387
TUCK, GUSTAVE, ESQ. 3§4
TUCK, RAPHAEL, & SONS, LD 381
TUCKER, CAPT. RICHARD J. 355
TUDOR-TUDOR, CAPT. F. C. ^9
TURNER, LIEUT.-COL. HON. JOHN HERBERT ... 3^9
TYRONE, EARL OF ... 36
TYRWHITT, REV. CAXON HON. L. F., M.V.O., M.A ... 31
TYRWHITT-DRAKE, THOMAS, ESQ 35
u
MAR HAYAT KHAN, CAPT. THE HON. MALIK, C.I.E., M.V.O.
"\7"AX HORNE, SIR WILLIAM CORNELIUS, K.C.M.G. ... 290
* VELLA, MAJOR ALFRED 360
VERNEY, GERALD, ESQ 37
VICENS, MAJOR DON J. ••• 7«
VON VIGNAU, HERR ••• 3°
VILLIERS, HON. KATHERINE ••• 3 6
VIVISECTION, BRITISH UNION FOR ABOLITION OF ... ... 393
VON BARENSl'RUNG, LIEUT.-COL. 7°
VON BARNEKOW, MAJOR FREIHERR ... /I
VON BRUSELLE-SCHAUBECK, BARON ... 25
VON DONOP, BRIG. -GEN. S. B ••• 7°
VON FINCK, BARONESS ... 26
VON KOECKRITZ, OBERHOFMEISTER ... 25
VON MECZENZEP, CAPT. J. SCHMEEZ ... 70
VON MESZLING, CAPT ... 70
VON PASSARANT, FRAULEIN 3°
VON PLESSEN, F. -MARSHAL, G.C.V.O ... 23
VON PONCIvT, CAPT ••• 71
VON RACKNITZ, BARONESS EMMA ••• 2<5
VOX ROCHO\V, BARON
476
INDEX
PACK
VON ROTSMANN, BARONESS 25
VON SALZA UND LICHTENAU, BARON 26
VON SECKENDORPF, VICE-ADMIRAL FREIHERR 25
VON SCHACK, CAPT 26
VON SCHWICHELDT, OBERHOFMEISTERIN GKAFIN 25
VON STEINAECKER, LIEUT. FREIHERR 7"
VON THIELMANN, LIEUT. FREIHERR 7'
VON THUNA, BARONESS 26
VON UND ZU LIECHTENSTEIN, MAJOR H.S.H. 1'RINCK FREDERICK, M.Y.O 70
VON UND ZU MENTZINGEN, BARON 26
VON WEDEL, COUNTESS 23
VRBITZA, CAPT. BLAJO 24
•f T.TAKEFIELD, SIR C. C., BART. 62
*~ WALES, H.R.H. PRINCE OF, K.G. ... i<>, 27, 49, 55, 78, 85, 114, 117, 119, 122, 124, 126
WALKER, SIR [BYRONj EDMUND, C.V.O., D.C.L., LL.D ••• 33'
WALKER, RT. HON. SIR SAMUEL, BART. ... 35
WALLINGTON, E. WT., ESQ., C.V.O., C.M.G ••• 37
WALSH, HON. ARTHUR, C.V.0 23
WALSH, MAJOR GEORGE INVERARITY "53
WANDEL, VICE-ADMIRAL C. P., G. C.M.G. ••• 24
WARD, RT. HON. SIR JOSEPH GEORGE, BART., LL.D., K. C.M.G. 63, 244
WARD, W. DUDLEY, ESQ., M.P 33
WARD, LADY 63
WARD, LEO, ESQ 3«
WARRENDER, VICTOR, ESQ 3f>
WATERFORD, MARQUESS OF, K. P. 3<% 42
WATERLOW, LADY
WATSON, HARRISON, ESQ 333
WATSON, LIEUT.-COL. 9-'
WEIDENHEILM, MLLE. DE 24
WEISS, LIEUT. E
WELDON, W. H., ESQ., C.V.O.
WELLINGTON, DUKE OF. K.G., G. C.V.O ••• 34
WEMYSS, REAR-ADMIRAL R. E 74
\VENDOVER, VISCOUNT
WENTWORTH-FITZWILLIAM, CAPT. HON*. W. C., C.V.O. ... '9, 4O
WESTCOTT, VEX. F. B., M.A. (ARCHDEACON OF NORWICH) ... 3'
WESTPORT, VISCOUNT
WESTMINSTER, RT. REV. THE DEAN OF 32, 42
WHITNEY, HON. SIR JAMES PLINY, K.C. ••• 334
WIGRAM, BT.-MAJOR C., M.V.O ••• '5. 74, 85, 91, 1 19
WILBERFORCE, VEN. A. B. O., D.D
WILKINSON, CAPT. N. R. ...
477
INDEX
PAGE
WILLIAMS, GEOFFREY, ESQ ............................... 388
WILLIAMS & NORGATE ................................. 3»7
WILLIAMS, SIR RALPH CHAMPNEYS, K.C.M.G. ..................... 335
WILLIAMS-TAYLOR, FREDERICK, ESQ ............................ 336
WINCHESTER, RT. REV. THE BISHOP OF ..................... 39,42
WINDSOR, VERY REV. THE DEAN OF ........................ 32, 137
WINGATE, LADY .................................... in
WINGATE, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR FRANCIS REGINALD, G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K.C.M.G., D.S.O. ... 88, in, 364
WOLLASTON, G. W., ESQ., M.V.0 ............................ 27, 35
WOOD, CAPT. A. H ..................................... 21
WOOD, CAPT. GERALD GEORGE .............................. 240
WOOD, P.-MARSHAL SIR H. E., V.C., G.C.B., G.C.M.G. ............... 15, 70
WOOD, YEN. H. S., D.D .................................. 31
WOOD, JOHN, ESQ., M.P., M.A., J.P., D.L ......................... '54
WOOD-MARTIN, COL. W. G .................................. 13
WORCESTER, MARQUESS OF .............................. 37
WRAY, LIEUT.-COL. CECIL, M.V.O. ........................ 42,44
WRIGHT, LIEUT.-COL. T. Y. .............................. 226
WtfRTEMBERG, H.R.H. DUKE ALBRECHT OF ........................ 6, 25
WYNNE, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR A. S., K.C.B ......................... 15,70
, CAPT. C. A. 1 ................................... 70
YAUKOVITCH, MON. DRAGOMIR ........................... 24
YERMOLOFF, LIEUT.-GEN. SIR N., K.C.V.0 ......................... 70
YORK, MOST REV. THE ARCHBISHOP OF .................. 21,35,41,42,124
YOUNG, HON. SIR JAMES HENRY, M.E.C., M.L.C ...................... 356
YOUSSOUF IZZEDIN EFFENDI, H.I.H. HEREDITARY PRINCE... ............ 8, 23
^7 IA-ED-DIN, PRINCE ................................. 88
ZU DOHNA-LAUCK, CAPT. BURGGRAF UND GRAF .................. 7"
ZU PAPPENHEIM, MAJOR COUNT ........................... 26
ZU SCHWEINSBURG, CAPT. BARON G. SCHENCK ..................... 25
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