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Given By
U. S. SUPT. OF DOCUMENTS
"3i
8 2d Congress, 1st Session
House Document No. 137 )*C
\y
GUIDE TO
SUBVERSIVE
ORGANIZATIONS
AND
PUBLICATIONS
(AND APPENDIX)
REVISED
MAY 14, 1951
i\
Prepared and released by the
Ccmmltcee on Un-American Activities, U. S. House of Representativ(
WashingtOQ, D, C
i^
^.>'
Committee on Un-American Activities, United States House of
Kepresentatives
eighty-second congress, first session
John S. Wood, Georgia, Chairman
Francis E, Walter, Pennsylvania
Morgan M. Moulder, Missouri
Clyde Doyle, California
James B. Frazier, Jr., Tennessee
Harold H. Velde, Illinois
Bernard W. I^arney, New York
Donald L. Jackson, California
Charles E. Potter, Michigan
Frank S. Tavenner, Jr., Counsel
Louis J. Russell, Senior Investigator
John W. Carrington ^ " ^ ummittee
Kaphael I. Nixon ,^>/ . .cvr of Research
.^,,f^.l^^^
GUIDE TO
SUBVERSIVE ■
Organizations and Publications
The Committee on Un-American Activities has compiled from
various authentic sources the following list of organizations and pub-
lications Avhich have been declared to be outright Communist or Com-
munist-front enterprises.
The committee has ascertained that a Communist front is an
organization or publication created or ca})tured by the Communists to
do the party's work in special fields. The Communist front is the
greatest weapon of communism in the country today because subterfuge
often makes it difiicult to recognize its true Communist nature. The
Communist front does not hesitate to camouflage its true purposes
behind such moral and human appeals as "peace" and "civil rights"
when it serves the Communist purpose and the aims of the Soviet
Union. This guide can ?:erve no better purpose than properly identi-
fying such orgari'z itions.
By "outright" Communist enterprises, the committee refers to such
organizations as the Communist Party, U. S. A., whose subservience to
Soviet Russia and international communism cannot be disguised. An
examination of the compilation will disclose relatively few organiza-
tions of this nature as compared with the hundreds of front organiza-
tions set up by the Communist Party.
In compiling this list of organizations and publications, the com-
mittee has relied upon the u'^'^x^cterization which was made by the
committee, agency, or authc ' 'individual originally making the
declaration concerning each oifU'!^^'" '
This committee lias conducted h.f»-', iling with some of these
organizations. It has been found, however, Lhat m the course of such
hearings the officers and/ or representatives of tl organizations have
resorted to the usual Communist tactic of refusing to answer pertinent
questions concerning Communist connectlv^us and activities of these
organizations and have refused to jjroduce records which might prove
or disprove such connections and activities.
Only the findings of official Government age]lcie!:^ — on Federal,
State, and municipal levels — are included in this compilation. It in-
cludes citations by Attorneys General J. Howard McGrath, Tom
Clark, and Francis Biddle- the congressional Committee on Un-
American Activities and its predecessor, the Special Committee on Un-
American Activities; the California Senate Committee on Un-Amer-
ican Activities; the Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American
2 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
Activities ; the Kapp-Coudert committee (Joint Legislative Committee
To Investigate Procedures and Methods of Allocating State Moneys
for Public School Purposes and Subversive Activities, New York
State) ; a special subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations; the Wisconsin Committee on the Investigation of Charges
of Communistic Teachings and Other Subversive Activities ; the New
York City Council committee investigating the Municipal Civil
Service Commission; and the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Counsel.
PREFACE
Note. — The following bistorieal sketch of Communist-front organizations, plus
formulas for detecting them, is reprinted from a report issued by the Special
Committee on Un-American Activities on March 29, 1944 :
Communist-front organizations are characterized by their common
origin, the rigid conformity of these organizations to the Communist
pattern, their interlocking personnel, and their methods generally used
to deceive the xVmerican public. Being part of a conspiratorial move-
ment, their essence is deception.
During the first few years of the Communist International, imme-
diately following the stimulus of the Kussian revolution, its interna-
tional api-)eal was stridently revolutionary. As world economic con-
ditions improved following the First World War, the international
revolutionary movement began to wane. The Hungarian and German
Communist revolutions failed and the Communist International began
to lose strength. Hence it was deemed necessary to moderate the
earlier revolutionary appeal, to adopt middle-of-the-road slogans, and
to build so-called united-front organizations, as bridge and support-
ing organizations in the interest of the international Communist
movement.
One of the leading organizers of these "hmocent" organizations
on an international scale was Willi Munzenberg. a prominent Ger-
man Communist, whose organizing ability won him the sobriquet of
the "Henry Ford of the Communist International." Munzenberg
was engagingly frank in describing the real purpose of these or-
ganizations :
1. To arouse the interest of those millions of apathetic and indifferent workers
* * * who simply have no ear for Communist propaganda. These people we
wi.^h to attract and arouse through new channels, by means of new ways.
2. Our sympathetic organizations should constitute bridges for the nonparty
workers * * * who have not yet mustered the courage to take the final step
and join the Communist Party, but who are nevertheless in sympathy with the
Communist movement and are prepared to follow us part of the way.
3. By means of the mass organizations we wish to extend the Communist
sphere of influence in itself.
4. The organizational linking up of the elements in sympathy with the Soviet
Union and with the Communists. * « *
5. We must build up our own organizations in order to counteract the increas-
ing efforts of the bourgeois and social-democratic parties in this respect, and
6. Through these sympathetic and mass organizations we should train the
cadres of militants and officials of the Communist Party possessing organiza-
tional experience.
(Speech before the Sixth Congress of the Communist International in Moscoiv,
July 20, 1928. International Press Correspondence, vol. 8, No. 42, Aug. 1, 1928,
pp. 151, 152.)
TRANSMISSION BELTS
In his Problems of Leninism, a standard textbook and guide for
CoiiUuunisls throughout the world, Joseph Stalin emphasized the
3
4 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
need of these front or mass organizations which he called "transmis-
sion belts" :
The proletariat needs these belts, these levers, and this guiding force [the Com-
munist Party — Ed.] * * * Lastly we come to the party of the proletariat,
the proletarian vanguard. Its strength lies in the fact that it attracts to its
ranks the best elements of all the mass organizations of the proletariat, without
exception, and to guide their activities toward a single end, that of the liberation
of the proletariat.
Stalin quoted Lenin in support of his argument:
The dictatorship [of the proletariat] cannot be effectively realized without
"belts" to transmit power from the vanguard [the Communist Party — Ed.] to the
mass of the advanced class, and from this to the mass of those who labor (pp.
29, 30).
We cite the instructions of Otto Kuusinen, secretary of the Com-
munist Internationa], in his report at the Sixth Plenum [plenary ses-
sion] of the Executive Committee of the Communist International :
The first part of our task is to build up, not only Communist organizations, but
other organizations as well, above all mass organizations, sympathizing with
our aims, and able to aid us for special purposes. * * * We must create a
whole solar system of organizations and smaller committees around the Com-
munist Party, so to speak, smaller organizations working actually under the
influence of our party. (Quotations taken from the Communist, May 1931,
pp. A09-Ji23.)
The rise of Adolf Hitler to power created a new threat to the Soviet
Union and to the international Communist movement. Hence the
Seventh Congress of the Communist International, in 1935, gave an
added impetus to the creation of front organizations under Commu-
nist initiative and leadership, the chief purpose of which was to pro-
tect and serve the Communist Party and the Soviet Union. The abil-
itj" of the Communists to ensnare large numbers and influential indi-
viduals, to serve as decoys in oi:)erating these fronts, reached its high
point following the Seventh Congress in 1935.
now COMMUNIST FRONTS ARE ESTABLISHED
The methods employed by the Communists in establishing and op-
erating these front organizations, methods demonstrated by the various
organizations herein cited, have been well summarized by a former
high official of the Communist Party of the United States :
A front organization is organized by the Communist Party in the following
fashion; First, a number of sympathizers who are close to the paity and whom
the party knows can be depended upon to carry out party orders, are gotten to-
gether and formed into a nucleus which issues a call for the organization of a
particular front organization which the party wants to establish. And generally
after that is done a program is drawn up by the party, which this provisional com-
mittee adopts. Then, on the basis of this provisional program, all kinds of in-
dividuals are canvassed to become sponsors of the organization, which is to be
launched in the very near future. A provisional secretary is appointed before the
organization is launched and in every instance in our day the secretary who was
appointed was a member of the Communist Party. * * * And as president of
the oi'ganization we would put up some prominent public figure who was willing to
accept the presidency of the organization, generally making sure that, if that
public figure was one who would not go along with the Communists, he was of
such a type that he would be too busy to pay attention to the affairs of the
organization. * * *
On the committee that would be drawn together, a sufficient number of Com-
munists and Communist Party sympathizers, who would carry out party orders,
was included, and out of this number a small executive committee was organized
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 5
* ♦ * which carried on the affairs of the organization, so-called, and this
small executive committee, with the secretary, really ran the organization. And
this small committee and the secretary are the instruments of the Communist
Party, with the result that when manifestos or decisions on campaigns are made,
those campaigns are ordered by the Communist Party. (Hearings of the Special
Committee on Un-American Activities, vol. 7, pp. 4'il6, Jpll, ^118."*
MEMBERSHIP IN FRONT ORGANIZATIONS
In judging the individuals associated with Communist-front organi-
zations, to determine the degree of their responsibility for its activities
and their closeness to the Communist Party, one should be guided by
consideration of the following categories of individuals included with-
in them :
1. Members of the Communist Party who have openly avowed their affiliation.
2. Members of the Communist Party, not openly avowed, proven to be such on
the basis of documentary or other proof.
3. Those accepting Communist Party discipline, either secret party members
or outsiders who accept such discipline and instruction. This category may be
recognized by the regularity with which it follows tjie line of the Communist
Party, throughout all its variations, by the number of different front affiliations,
by the posts they occupy in these front organizations, and by the fact that they
retain their affiliation after the organization has been publicly exposed.
4. Those who have been attracted by the high-sounding aims of the front or-
ganization or organizations, by the prominence of its sponsors, or by a desire to
be sociable. The judgment of such persons is certainly open to criticism just as
much as if they aided in launching any other hoax.
DOES "yes" ANS"\VER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS?
For the guidance of the American people in detecting Communist-
front organizations, we present the following criteria :
1. Does the organization have Communist Party members or those trusted by
the Communist Party, in its posts of real power — on its executive board, as sec-
retary, organizer, educational director, editor, office staff?
2. Are meetings of the organization addressed b.v Communists or their trusted
agents? Does its publication include articles by such persons?
3. Does the organization follow the Communist Party line?
4. Dops the organization cooperate with campaigns, activities, publications,
of the Communist Party or other front organizations?
5. Is the address of the organization in the sam-^ building with other front
organizations or within the cooperating vicinity?
6. Does the organization cooperate with Communist-controlled unions?
7. Does the organization's official publication reflect the line of the Commu-
nist Party, publish articles by pro-Communists, advertise Communist activities,
or those of^other front organizations or of Communist vacation resorts?
8. Are questions injected into meetings or in official publications, which have
more to do with the current policy of the Communist Paj'ty, than with the pro-
fessed purposes of the organization?
9. Are funds liioked back directly or indirectly to the Communist Party or to
other front organizations?
10. Is printing done at a Communist printing house?
11. Does the organization u.se entertainers associated with pro-Communist
organizations or entertainments?
12. Does the organization receive favorable publicity in the Communist press?
13. Is the organization uniformly loyal to the Soviet Union?
CHANGES IN PARTY LINE
The line of the Communist Party on foreign policy is cited here-
with. Its advocacy hy an individual or organization, throughout all
6 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
its variations, is a sound test of the loyalty and subservience of such
an individual or organization to the Communist Party :
Prior to August 1935. — No distinction was made between Fascist and demo-
cratic governments. They were all capitalistic and had to be destroyed by a
revolution and replaced by a proletarian dictatorship.
August 1935 to September 1939. — Adolf Hitler became a threat to the Seviet
Union. Opposition to the Fascist governments. Support of collective security
or a united front of the democracies and the Soviet Union against the Fascist
nations.
Septemter 1939 to June 21, IS^i.— The period of the Stalin-Hitler pact. Op-
position to the war as imperialist. Support of an isolationist position. Support
of the peace policy of the Soviet Union. Demand that we pay attention to our
own domestic problems first.
June 22, 19J,1, to J9^4.— Hitler attacked the Soviet Union. Support of the
* * * war against fascism. Demand for a second front to aid the struggle
of the Soviet Union.
19Ji5 to 1951. — Communist International revived as the Cominform. Accord-
ing to the Communist, the world is divided into two camps — the Socialist or the
progressive camp as represented by the Soviet Union and its satellite states as
against the imperialistic camp represented by the United States, which must be
fought. •
*******
FRONT ORGANIZATIONS AS DESCRIBED BY J. EDGAR HOOVER AND FORMER
ATTORNEY GENERAL FRANCIS BIDDLE
Note. — The following is an excerpt from the testimony of J. Edgar
Hoover before the Committee on Un-American Activities on March
26,1947:
For the most part, front organizations assumed the character of either a mass
or membership organization or a paper organization. Both solicited and used
names of prominent persons. Literally hundreds of groups and organizations
have either been infiltrated or organized primarily to accomplish the purposes of
promoting the interests of the Soviet Union in the United States, the promotion
of Soviet war and peace aims, the exploitation of Negroes in the United States,
work among foreign-language groups, and to secure a favorable viewpoint toward
the Communists in domestic, political, social, and economic issues.
The first requisite for front organizations is an idealistic sounding title. Hun-
dreds of such organizations have come into being and have gone out of existence
when their true purposes have become known or exposed while othei's with high-
sounding names are continually springing up.
:|c * * * * * *
There are easy tests to establish the real character of such organizations:
1. Does the group espouse the cause of Americanism or the cause of Soviet
Russia?
2. Does the organization feature as speakers at its meetings known Commu-
nists, sympathizers, or fellow travelers?
3. Does the organization shift when the party line shifts?
4. Does the organization sponsor causes, campaigns, literature, petitions, or
other activities sponsored by the party or other front organizations?
5. Is the organization used as a sounding board by or is it endorsed by Com-
munist-controlled labor unions?
6. Does its literature follow the Communist line or is it printed by the Com-
munist press?
7. Does the organization receive consistent favorable mention in Communist
publications?
8. Does the organization present itself to be nonpartisan yet engage in political
activities and consistently advocate causes favored by the Communists?
9. Does the organization denounce American and British foreign policy
while always lauding Soviet policy?
10. Does the organization utilize Communist "double talk" by referring to
Soviet-dominated countries as democracies, complaining that the United States
is imperialistic and constantly denouncing monopoly-capital?
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 7
11. Have outstanding leaders in public life openly renounced affiliation with
the organization?
12. Does the organization, if espousing liberal progressive causes, attract well-
known honest patriotic liberals or does it denounce well-known liberals?
13. Does the organization have a consistent record of supporting the American
viewpoint over the years?
14. Does the organization consider matters not directly related to its avowed
purposes and objectives?
In his decision on the deportation of Harry Bridges, the Attorney
General, Mr, Francis Biddle, included the following excellent descrip-
tion of Communist- front organizations :
Teptiraoiiy on front organizations showed that they were represented to the
public for some legitimate reform objective, but actually used by the Communist
Party to carry on its activities pending the time when the Communists believe
they can seize power through revolution.
ORGANIZATIONS
ABOLISH PEONAGE COMMITTEE
1. Recently reconstituted by the Communist front, the Civil Rights
Congress.
[Congressional Committee on Un-American Acti/vitiea. Re-
port No. 1115. September 2, 1947, p. 10.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
[California Coniinittee on Un-American Activities.^ Report.,
1948, p. 93.)
ABRAHAM LINCOLiN BRIGADE OR BATTALION
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom, Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 191^9.)
2. "The Communist Party was active in recruiting American boys for
the so-called Abraham Lincoln Brigade in behalf of Loyalist
ISpain. Browder has boasted that 60 percent of the brigade was
composed of Communist Party members."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March29,19U'V-146')
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
19 !^8. pp. 93, 9 1^, and 157.)
4. "Aid to the Leftist armies in Spain has been one of the major ac-
tivities of all Communist organizations, particularly in the
recruiting for and support of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In
these forces some of the members of the ^oung Communist
League are political commissars."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 183.)
5. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commonwealth Counsel before the reviewing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 19Ii2.)
ABRAHAM LINCOLN SCHOOL (Chicago, 111.)
1. Cited as an adjunct of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December If, 1947.)
2. Successor of the Workers School as a "Communist educational
medium" in Chicago.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
M arch 29, 1944, V- 82.)
3. Cited as a "Communist institution."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
1948, pp. 95 and 120.) '
9
10 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
ACADEMIC AND CIVIL RIGHTS COMMITTEE
1. A "completely Communist created and controlled organization."
{Calif omia CorriTnittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1948, p. 35.)
ACADEMIC AND CIVIL RIGHTS COUNCIL OF CALIFORNIA
1. A "Communist transmission belt."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 103.)
ACTION COMMITTEE TO FREE SPAIN NOW
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, WJjS.)
2, Cited as a Communist front with offices at 55 West Forty-second
Street in New York City and branches throughout the country.
{Calif omia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WJfB, p. 271.)
ACTORS LABORATORY
1. A "Communist venture."
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
1947, p. 74.)
ACTORS' LABORATORY THEATRE
1. A "red front * * * also referred to as the Hollywood Actors'
Laboratory School."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 95.)
AFRICAN BLOOD BROTHERHOOD
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 333.)
ALABAMA PEOPLES EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which "seeks to
alter the form of government of the United States by unconstitu-
tional means."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Board, released April 23, 1951.)
ALL-AMERICAN ANTI-IMPERIALIST LEAGUE
1. Cited as a "Communist-front organization."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 1942, p. 10.)
2. Cited as a Communist enterprise.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 76.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 106 and 107.)
4. Among the organizations "created or controlled by the Communist
Party or * * * part of the United Front" with the Com-
munist Party which supported the First United States Congress
SUBVERSIVE ORGAN IZATIOXS AND PUBLICATIONS 11
Against War in 1933. The Congress was openly led by the
Communist Party.
(Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, pp. ^62 and 4j66.)
ALL-CALIFORNIA CONFERENCE FOR DEFENSE OF CIVIL RIGHTS AND
AID TO LABOR'S PRISONERS
1. Cited as a Communist front and a subsidiary of the International
Labor Defense.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 2d, 19U, p. me.)
2. "This Communist conference was held in San Francisco, April 23,
1938. It was called into being by the Northern California Dis-
trict of the International Labor Defense, the 'legal arm of the
Communist Party.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 107.)
ALL HARLEM YOUTH CONFERENCE
1. "Nothing more plainly .reveals the fraud and dishonesty of the
Communists than the sinister stirring of antagonisms of one
racial group against another. * * * Among the more con-
spicuous Communist-front groups in the Racial * * * sub-
classification * * * [ig] All Harlem Youth Conference."
{California C ommittee on Un-Arnerican Activities, Report,
19I,S,pp.73and76.)
ALLIED LABOR NEWS SERVICE
3. "The Communist influence is established through such news serv-
ices. * * *"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
wis, p. 1(9.)
ALLIED VOTERS AGAINST COUDERT
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191(8, pp. 38 and 96.)
ALMANAC SINGERS
1. "Communist entertainers."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, P- 97.)
AMERICAN ARTISTS CONGRESS
1. "Typical Qf * * * Communist created and controlled
organizations."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Ji8, p. 35.)
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF YUGOSLAVIA,
INC.
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
12 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Cited as a Communist front whose functions were designed to
victimize Slavic Americans for Communist purposes.
{Congressional Gommiittee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organi-
zations^ House Report No. 1951., April £6, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 1949), pp. 89-92.)
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF SCIENTIFIC WORKERS
1. "Included among the Communist fronts represented" at the Win
the Peace Conference in Washington, D. C., April 5-7, 1946.
{California Co'rmnittee on TJn- American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 318.)
AMERICAN BRANCH OF THE FEDERATION OF GREEK MARITIME
UNIONS
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Revieto Board, released Septejnber 11, 1950.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR A FREE INDONESIA (See American Com-
mittee for Indonesian Independence.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR A KOREAN PEOPLE'S PARTY
1. "This is just one of many Communist fronts for the purpose of pro-
testing American policy in Korea and creating pressure for the
recall of American occupation forces from that country."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 112.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR ANTI-NAZI LITERATURE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 334.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR DEMOCRACY AND INTELLECTUAL
FREEDOM
1. Cited as a Communist front which defended Communist teachers.
{Special Committee on Un-Arnerican Activities, Report,
June 25, 1942, p. 13, and March 29, 19 U, V- ^^O .
2. "This Communist front was established on Lincoln's birthday in
1939. * * * The activities of this group were always in
behalf of Communists. * * * [It] has followed the Com-
munist Party line as it switched and squirmed in support of
the foreign policy of Soviet Russia."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 112.)
3. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Siibcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 1943, p. 3.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR EUROPEAN WORKERS' RELIEF (.See also
Socialist Workers' Party)
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attoriiey General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4t 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 13
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR FREE YUGOSLAVIA (THE)
1. Cited as "a branch of the Moscow-inspired American Slav Con.gress
operating in Seattle, Wash. * * * The records of the officers
of the American Committee for Free Yugoslavia show the con-
necting links between that organization, the American Slav
Congress, the Communist Party and its front organizations."
(Congressional Co7nmittee on Un-American Activities^
Report on the Amerieari Slav Congress arid associated
organizations. House Report No. 1951., April 2G, 1960 {orig-
inally released June 26., 1949)., p. 80.)
2. "There is no Communist-dominated country behind the 'Iron Cur-
tain' for w^hich there is not an American Communist front to
agitate and propagandize in its behalf. * * * Among the
more conspicuous fronts in this subclassification are : The Amer-
ican Committee for Free Yugoslavia. * * *"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
1948, p. 66.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR FRIENDSHIP WITH THE SOVIET UNION
1. "Typical of the completely Communist created and controlled
organizations in the * * * civic committee field."
{California Cominittee on Un-American Activities., Report.^
1948, p. 38.)
AMERICAN COMiwITTEE FOR INDONESIAN INDEPENDENCE
1. "This front was organized to create support for the Indonesian
revolution. The national headquarters is at 23 West Twenty-
sixth Street in New York City. * * * Stemming from this
red front are several subsidiary committees, such as the Ameri-
can Committee for a Free Indonesia, Los Angeles, and the
American Committee for a Free Indonesia, San Francisco."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 113.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR PROTECTION OF FOREIGN BORN
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney (reneral Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21. 1948.)
2. "One of the oldest auxiliaries of the Communist Party in the United
States."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944-, P- 156; also cited in Report, June 25. 1942,
8. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money-collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion." "Works closely with the International Labor
Defense, legal arm of the Communist Party, in defense of for-
eign-born Communists and sympathizers."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
m7,p.4'5;1948,p.ll3.) •
14 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR RUSSIAN FAMINE RELIEF
1. Cited as Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
19Jf8, p. lU.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR SPANISH FREEDOM
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom ClarTi., letter to Loyalty Review
Boards released April 27, 1949.)
2. "Communist transmission belt. * * * The key position of this
Communist front is held by a member of the Communist Party.
* * * Allen Chase (secretary) was a candidate for Congress
in New York on the Communist Party ticket." It "has made no
attempt to conceal its objective in forcing a break in diplomatic
relations between the United States and Spain."
{California Committee on TJn-Amencan Activities, Report,
19h8,p.ll5.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR
1. Cited as a Communist front which was formed in response to direc-
tives from a World Congress Against War held in Amsterdam
in August 1932 under the auspices of the Communist Interna-
tional. Avowed Communist Donald Plenderson was executive
director of the American Committee.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, pp. 47 and 119.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have defied
brazenly the interests of the United States and other freedom-
loving nations whenever they have been in conflict with the inter-
ests of Soviet Russia and world Communisi..."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 67.)
3. Among organizations, created or controlled by the Communist
Party or part of a united front with the party, which supported
the First United States Congress Against War. The Congress
was openly led by the Communists-
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 4j32 and 466.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR YUGOSLAV RELIEF, INC.
1. Cited as subversive and Communict.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as Communist front which "was actively supported by the
Daily Worker, official organ of the Communist Party, U. S. A."
{Co7igressional Comnnittee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, Pause Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26. 1949), p. 78.)
3. "This Communist-front group is organized to support the dictator-
ship of the Soviet puppet Tito."
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. ISl.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 15
AMERICAN COMMITTEE OF JEWISH WRITERS, ARTISTS, AND
SCIENTISTS
1. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion."
{California CcmmiUee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1H7, p. 43.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE OF LIBERALS FOR THE FREEDOM OF MOONEY
AND BILLINGS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 61.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE TO AID KOREAN FEDERATION OF TRADE-
UNIONS
1. Cited as a Communist front "for the purpose of protesting Ameri-
can policy in Korea and creating pressure for the recall of
American occupation forces from that country."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19 IS, p. 112.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE TO AID SOVIET RUSSIA
1. "One of the many Communist-front organizations for propagandiz-
ing in behalf of the Soviet Union. * * * [It J appears to be
active in Los Angeles County."
{California Committee on Un-Amencan Activities. Report,
1948, p. 11^1.)
AMERICAN COMMITTEE TO SAVE REFUGEES
1. Cited as a Communist front,
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, VV- i^, 112, 129, 133, 138, 167, 180.)
2. "A Communist front operating in the Communist-refugee field."
It merged in March 1942 into the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee
Committee, which has only shown interest in Communist
refugees.
{California Commitee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19. '^8, pp. Ul and 270.)
AMERICAN CONGRESS FOR PEACE AND DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front advocating collective security against
the Fascist aggressors prior to the signing of the Stalin Hitler
pact. The American League for Peace and Democracy was
formed at the above congress.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1914, p. 105.)
2. Cited as "among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have
defied brazenly the interests of the United States and other
freedom-loving nations whenever they have been in conflict with
the interests of Soviet Russia and world communism."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 67.)
84051°— 51 2
16 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
AMERICAN CONGRESS TO FREE EARL BROWDER
1. Cited as an organization "noted" for "pro-Soviet and pro-Com-
munist tendencies."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194.7, p. W2.)
AMERICAN CONTINENTAL CONGRESS FOR PEACE (September 5-10, 1949,
in Mexico City)
1. Cited as "another phase in the Communist 'peace' campaign, aimed
at consolidating anti-American forces throughout the Western
Hemisphere."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Rejyort No. 378, on the Communist '"''Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 21.)
AMERICAN COUNCIL FOR A DEMOCRATIC GREECE (formerly known as
the Greek American Council; Greek American Committee for National Unity)
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization formerly known
as the Greek-American Council.
{Attorney- General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948. and September 21, 1948.)
AMERICAN COUNCIL, INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS*
1. Cited as a Communist front which received funds from the Amer-
ican People's Fund, another front organized and directed by
Frederick V. Field as a repository for funds to be distributed
to Communist enterprises.
{California Coinmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 168.)
AMERICAN COUNCIL ON SOVIET RELATIONS
1. Cited as the subversive and Communist successor to the Friends
of the Soviet Union.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, p. 7688.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 1944, P- 174-)
4. "The United States Communist Party has set up hundreds of fronts
to honor and support Soviet Russia. * * * Among the more
conspicuous fronts for this purpose are: American Council on
Soviet Relations."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 65.)
AMERICAN CROATIAN CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
^ The Committee on Un-American Activities has been in receipt of correspondence from
tliis organization requesting that its name be deleted from this imhllcation. In view of
the fact that this organization is under investigation by a U. S. Senate committee as
•well as the Cnlil'oruia committee, the characterization above will continue pending the
result of these investigations.
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 17
AMERICAN FEDERATED RUSSIAN FAMINE RELIEF COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California CoTnmittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1948, pp. 141 and 11(2.)
AMERICAN FEDERATION FOR POLITICAL UNITY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
19 h3, p. 96.)
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR TRADE UNION COMMITTEE FOR
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE AND RELIEF
1. "In 193G, the Communists were utilizing a front known as the A. F.
of L. Trade Union Committee for Unemployment Insurance and
Belief to back legislation drafted by the Communist Party. The
American Federation of Labor officially repudiated this or-
ganization as a fraud. Action was brought before the Federal
Trade Commission and the committee was ordered to cease and
desist from using this name."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 169.)
2. Among organizations, created or controlled by the Communist
Party or part of a united front with the party, which supported
the First United States Congress Against War in 1933. The
congress was openly led by Communists.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 462 and 466.)
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA
1. "This front organization became active in June of 1944. Its head-
quarters is located at 8 West Fortieth Street in New York City,
and the organization is under the leadership of William J.
Schieffelin."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Revert^
1948, p. 145.) '
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly
into the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause,
recruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief or-
ganizations * * * such as * * * American Friends of
Spanish Democracy."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 82.)
2. "Front groups continually raise huge sums of money in this coun-
try" in behalf of "Communist Parties and their front groups in
nations not yet dominated by the Communist dictatorship.
^ * * Among the more conspicuous fronts in this subclassi-
fication are * * * American Friends of Spanish Democ-
racy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
1948, p. 66.) ' / 5
18 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. "This was another of the Spanish-aid organizations which received
Communist support."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the
Municipal Civil Service CoTnmission.)
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
March 29, 19 hh, VV- ^ «^^ ^-^^O
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948,pp.lJflandU2.)
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF THE MEXICAN PEOPLE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 153.)
2. A "completely Communist created and controlled organization."
{Calif ornia Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19Jt8,p.35.)
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF THE SPANISH PEOPLE
1. A "completely Communist created and controlled organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 35.)
AMERICAN FUND FOR PUBLIC SERVICE (GARLAND FUND)
1. "Establislied in 1922 * * * it was a major source for the financ-
ing of Communist Party enterprises" such as the Daily Worker
and New Masses, official Communist publications, Federated
Press, Russian Reconstruction Farms, and International Labor
Defense. William Z. Foster, present chairman. Communist
Party, and Scott Nearing, a leading writer for the Party, served
on the board of directors of the Fund.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, IHh, VV- ^^ «^^ 7^-)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Goinmittee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
19Jt8, VV- 1^5 and 336.)
3. "Contributed more than $1,500,000, all to the furtherance and
support of left-wing and Marxist projects. * * * Had as its
trustees the leaders of the Communist Party in America."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 113 and 20^.)
AMERICAN INVESTORS UNION, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jt8,p. 331^.)
2. An organization "of Communist complexion."
{IS etc York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
AMERICAN JEWISH LABOR COUNCIL
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 19
AMERICAN LABOR ALLIANCE
1. The Communist Party, when operating underground in 1921, estab-
lished the American Labor Alliance as "its open, legal
expression,"
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 209, April i, 19^7, p. 15. )
AMERICAN LABOR COMMITTEE AGAINST WAR
1. An organization "noted" for "pro-Soviet and pro-Communist
tendencies."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
19Jf7, p. 202.)
AMERICAN LABOR PARTY
1. "For years, the Communists have put forth the greatest efforts to
capture the entire American Labor Party throughout New York
State. They succeeded in capturing the Manhattan and Brook-
lyn sections of the American Labor Party but outside of New
York City they have been unable to win control."
{Special Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities^ Report,
Marc}i29,19]tJi,p.78.)
2. Among "organizations that are victims of Communist domination."
{California Cointnittee on Un-American Activities.^ Report,
1948, pp. liO and Jkl.)
AMERICAN LEAGUE AGAINST WAR AND FASCISM
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher 4, 191^7, and September 21, 1948.)
2. A "Communist-front organization."
{Attorney Ge7ieral Francis Biddle, in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 19.(2, p. 10.)
3. "Established in the United States in an effort to create public senti-
ment on behalf of a foreign policy adapted to the interests of the
Soviet Union."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 2Jf, 19^2, p. 7683.)
4. "The American League Against War and Fascism was organized
at the First United States Congress Against War which was
held in New York City, September 29 to October 1, 1933. Four
years later at Pittsburgh, November 26-28, 1937, the name of the
organization was changed to the American League for Peace and
Democracy. * * * Jt remained as completely under the con-
trol of Communists when the name was changed as it had been
before."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19^4, p. 53; also cited in Reports, January 3, 1939,
pp. 69 and 121; January 3, 191^0, p. 10; June 25, 1942, p. U.)
6. Hollywood unit cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
20 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
('), "The Commnnipt Pnrty h<as, since the inception of the Leag:ue, been
a component and controlling part in it." William Z. Foster,
chairman of the Communist Party, admitted his party was "a
vital factor" in the League.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 193S, pp. 298 and 460.)
7. Cooperated with the Communist Party in defense of Morris U.
Schappes, part}' member convicted of perjury.
(Rapp-Coudert committee, Report, 1942, p. 293.)
8. "The American League Against War and Fascism, predecessor of
the American League for Peace and Democracy, both described
by Earl Browder as Communist transmission belts."
{Neio York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Comm^ission. )
AMERICAN LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attoj'ncy General Tom Clarlc, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19JjB, and September 21, 19 48.)
2. Esiablinhed in the United States in 1937 as successor to the Ameri-
can League Against War and Fascism "in an effort to create
public sentiment on behalf of a foreign policy adapted to the
interests of the Soviet Union. * * * Xhe American League
for Peace and Democracy * * * -was designed to conceal
Communist control, in accordance with the new tactics of the
Communist International."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, pp. 7683 and 7684.)
3. "The largest of the Communist 'front' movements in the United
States is the American League for Peace and Democracy, for-
merly known as the American League Against War and Fascism,
and, at the time of its inception, as the United States Congress
Against War. * * * 'pj^g league contends publicly that it is
not a Communist-front movement, yet at the very beginning
Communists dominated it. Earl Browder was its vice presi-
dent." "An examination of the program of the American League
will show that the organization was nothing more nor less than
a bold advocate of treason."
{Special Cotnmittec on Un-American Activities, Reports
January 3, 1939, pp. 69-71 and March 29, 1944, V- ^^ i
also cited in Reports. January 3, 1940, p. 10; January 3,
1941, p. 21; June 25, 1942, pp. 14-16: and January 2. 1943,
p.S.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-A7ne7'zcan Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
5. Cited as a Communist-created organization in which "Communists
have controlling influence."
{Massachusetts Rouse Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 77 and 213.)
6. A "choice instrument of Stalinist anti-Nazi propaganda."
{Rapp-Coudert committee, Report, 194-^, P- 220.)
7. Cited as subversive and un-American.
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 21
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 191^3, p. 3.)
8. "The American League for Peace and Democracy was a Communist
'Transmission beTt' originally organized and controlled bv the
Communist Party, carrying out its instructions as an affiliate
of the Communist International in Moscow."
{Neio York City Cov/ncil Committee investigating the
Municipal Civil Service Commission.)
""ited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commomoealth Counsel before the reviewing
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 19 42.)
AMERICAN LEAGUE OF EX-SERVICEMEN
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 h8, pp. 38Jf-386.)
AMERICAN NEGRO LABOR CONGRESS
1. Cited as a "Communist front organization."
{Attorney General Fr^ancis Biddle, in re Harry Bridges. May
28, 19 h2, p. 10.)
2, Cited as a predecessor of the National Negro Congress.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 81.)
8. Successor to the African Blood Brotherhood, first Communist-front
organization for express purpose of carrying on Communist
agitation among Negroes. American Negro Labor Congress,
which was headed by one of the first Negro Communist leaders
in the United States, Cyril Briggs, was succeeded in 1930 by the
League of Struggle for Negro Rights.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 333.)
AMERICAN PEACE CRUSADE (Organized in January 1951, with national
headquarters at 1186 Broadway, New York 1, N. Y.) '
1. Cited as an organization which "the Communists established" as
"a new instrument for their 'peace' offensive in the United
States" and which was heralded by the Daily Worker "with
the usual bold headlines reserved for projects in line with the
Communist objectives."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, state-
ment issued on the March of Treason, February 19, 1961,
and House Report No. 378, on the Comnnunist '"''Peace''''
Offensive, April 25, 1961, original date, April 1, 1961,
p. 61.)
AMERICAN PEACE CRUSADE DURING STALIN-HITLER PACT
1. Cited as "a Communist front later merged into the American Peace
Mobilization" and as the "California section of the American
Peace Mobilization."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, PV- h^ and 96. )
^Note difference In years during which this organization and the one following, under
same name, were and are active.
22 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. "Organized by the Communists."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
1948, p. 160.)
AMERICAN PEACE MOBILIZATION DURING STALIN-HITLER PACT
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letters to Loyalty Review
Board^ released December 4, lOI,.?, and September 21, 1948.)
2. "Formed in the summer of 1940 under the auspices of of the Com-
munist Party and the Young Communist League as a 'front'
organization designed to mold American opinion against partici-
pation in the war against Germany. * * * The most con-
spicuous activity of American Peace Mobilization was the picket-
ing of the White PTouse. which began in April 1941, in protest
against lend-lease and the entire national defense pro-
gram * * * on the afternoon of June 21. 1941. he (Fred-
erick V. Field, national secretary) suddenly called off the picket
line around the White Plouse."
{Attorney General Franr-is Blddle, Congressional Record,
September 2h,19'^2. p. 1684-)
3. Cited as "one of the most seditious organizations which ever op-
erated in the United States"" and "instrument of the Communist
Party line prior to IIitler"s attack on Kussia."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 5; also cited in Reports, June 26. 1942,
p. 13; and January 2, 1943, pp. 8 and 9.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{United States Secretary of Labor, decision m the case of
Helen Miller, August 1, 1941 ■)
5. ''One of the boldest and most flagrant of all Communist
fronts * * * organized for the purpose of supporting Soviet
Russia during the Stalin-Hitler pact."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 161.)
6. Cited as a "Communist-controlled, pseudo-pacifist group."
{Rapp-Coudert committee, Report, 1942, p. 221.)
AMERICAN PEOPLE'S FUND
1. Organized and directed by Frederick Vanderbilt Field "as a re-
pository for funds to be distributed to Communist enterprises."
This "Communist financial organization has i^aid out large sums
of money to * * * Communist and Communist-front or-
ganizations" such as National Council of American-Soviet
Friendship, Allied Labor News, American Russian Institute,
American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born, Joint
Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 168.)
AMERICAN PEOPLE'S MEETING
1. "The name chosen for its national convention by the seditious Amer-
ican Peace Mobilization." Held April 5-6, 1941, in New York
City.
{Special Gom,mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 106.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 23
AMERICAN PEOPLE'S MOBILIZATION
1. "American Peace Mobilization was formed in the summer of 1940
under the auspices of the Communist Party and the Young
Communist League as a 'front' organization designed to mold
American opinion against participation in the war against Ger-
many. Its existence terminated within a month after the German
invasion of Kussia when it became American People's Mobili-
zation and adopted a program favoring complete assistance to
Britain, Russia, and China."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 191,2, p. 7681)
2. "Immediately after Hitler's invasion of Russia, the American Peace
Mobilization changed its name to the American People's Mobili-
zation, and reversed all of its former positions in exact accord-
ance with the changes which Hitler's invasion of the Soviet
Union occasioned in the line of the Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 2, 19 43, p. 9.)
AMERICAN POLISH LABOR COUNCIL
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December ^, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
AMERICAN PUSHKIN COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 334 and 335.)
AMERICAN RELIEF FOR GREEK DEMOCRACY
1. "The headquarters of this Communist front is located at 111 West
Forty-second Street in New York City. * * * Eighteen of
the sponsors of the American Relief for Greek Democracy are
either directors or sponsors of the National Council of American-
Soviet Friendship."
{California Coinmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 168 and 169.)
AMERICAN RELIEF SHIP FOR SPAIN
1. Cited as "one of the several Communist Party front enterprises
which raised funds for Loyalist Spain (or rather raised funcls
for the Communist end of that civil war)."
{Special Committee on Un-Amei'ican Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, V- 102.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
x947,p.2lO.)
AMERICAN RESCUE SHIP MISSION
1. Cited as Communist, and "a project of the United American Span-
ish Aid Committee."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released July 25, 1949.)
24 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. "An enterprise of the Communist United American Spanish Aid
Committee. * * * [It] maintained headquarters at 200 Fifth
Avenue in New York City."
{California Coimnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 350.)
AMERICAN ROUND TABLE ON INDIA
1. "A Communist front headed by Robert Norton, a well-known mem-
ber of the Communist Party."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19If8, p. 353.)
AMERICAN-RUSSIAN FRATERNAL SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of In-
ternational Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Revieio Board, released September 11, 1950.)
AMERICAN RUSSIAN INSTITUTE (New York)
1 Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clar-k. letter to Loyalty Revieic
Board, released April 27, 194-9. )
AMERICAN RUSSIAN INSTITUTE (Philadelphia)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
AMERICAN RUSSIAN INSTITUTE OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (Los
Angeles)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Reviev:
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
AMERICAN RUSSIAN INSTITUTE FOR CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH
THE SOVIET UNION
1, "A direct agent of the Soviet Union, engaged in traitorous activi
ties under the orders of Stalin's consular service in the United
States * * * Founded in 1926 * * * the semiofficial
status of the American Russian Institute is established. * * *"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 169 and 327.)
2. Cited as "a (Communist organization supported by 'intellectuals.' "
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report. 1938, p. 279.)
AMERICAN RUSSIAN INSTITUTE OF SAN FRANCISCO
1. Cited as a Communist organization.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released September 21, 1948.)
AMERICAN-RUSSIAN MUSIC CORPORATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.
1948, p. 392.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 25
AMERICAN SERBIAN COMMITTEE FOR RELIEF OF WAR ORPHANS
IN YUGOSLAVIA
1. Cited as a Communist front which is "similar in character to the
American Committee for Yugoslav Kelief." ^
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organi-
zations^ House Report No. 1951^ April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 191^9) , p. 81.)
AMERICAN SLAV CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19If8, and September 21, 19^8.)
2. Cited as "a Moscow-inspired and directed federation of Communist-
dominated organizations seeking by methods of propaganda and
pressure to subvert the 10,000,000 people in this country of Slavic
birth or descent.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 19^9) p. 1.)
3. A "permanent, completely Communist created and controlled or-
ganization,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 35.)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 h8, p. 33 Jf.)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TECHNICAL AID TO SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 116.)
AMERICAN-SOVIET MUSIC SOCIETY
1. An affiliate of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
ms, p. 323.)
AMERICAN SOVIET SCIENCE SOCIETY
1. Cited as an affiliate of the National Council of American-Soviet
Friendship, Inc.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port to the Full Committee of the Special Suhcommittee
on National Security of the Committee on Un-American
Activities, March 18, 191^8, pp. 5 and 6.)
2. An affiliate of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 323.)
26 SUBVERSIVE OKGANIZATIOXS AND PUBLICATIONS
AMERICAN SPONSORING COMMITTEE FOR REPRESENTATION AT THE
SECOND WORLD PEACE CONGRESS (See also Second World Peace Con-
gress)
1. Cited as part of tlie Second World Peace Congress, with an ofiice at
135 Liberty Street, New York 6, N. Y., and which made an
announcement in the Daily Worker on November 9, 1950, that
"GO jDersons would go to Sheflield as a United States delegation."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Commiinist '^Peace^^ Of-
fensive, April 25, 1951, oiiginal date, April 1, 1951, p. 3G.)
AMERICAN STUDENT UNION
1. Cited as a Commuiiist front which was "the result of a united front
gathering of young Socialists and Communists" in 1937. The
Young Communist League took credit for creation of the above,
and the Union offered free trips to Russia. The above claims to
have led as many as 500,000 students out in annual April 22
strikes in the United States.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 80; also cited in Reports January 3,
19Ifi, p. 9; June 25, 19 k^, p. 16; and March 29, 19 U, p. 159.)
2. "A Communist Party front organization for the indoctrination of
American students in colleges and universities in the United
States."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It3,p.ll5.)
3. Cited as an organization in which "Communists have controlling
influence" and which followed the same program of "peace" as
the Communist Party.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp.77 and 539.)
4. Cited as a "subversive" organization for "transmitting the aims and
programs of which the Young Communist League is the initiat-
ing and projecting element."
{Rapp-Coudert committee. Interim Report, December 1, 191^1,
pp. llf, and 107.)
5. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 19Jf3, p. 3.)
AMERICAN TECHNICAL AID SOCIETY
1. Cited as an affiliate of the Friends of the Soviet Union.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939. p. 79.)
AjVDRICAN VETERANS FOR PEACE (See also American Pe^ce Crusrde)
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as participating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ^^Peace'^ Of-
fensive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 52.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 27
AMERICAN VETERANS FOR PEACE {See also American Peace Crusade)
1. Cited as "an advance wave to establish a beachhead for other left-
wing organizations scheduled to descend on Washington in
observance of a Communist-declared ""Peace Week."
{Co7igressional Committee on Un-American Activities^
House Report No. 378, on the Comnnmist ^''Peace^'' Of-
fensive, April 25, 1951, original date, Ajjril 1, 1951, p. 75.)
AMERICAN WRITERS CONGRESS
1. Earl Browder, general secretary of the Communist Party, was a
speaker at the second biennial American Writers Congress in
1937; the Congress was sponsored by the League of American
Writers, cited as subversive by the Attorney General.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19U, p. 82.)
2. "Communists regard the infiltration, manipulation, and control
of artistic and cultural media as one of the indispensable phases
of their program of revolution. * * * Such intellectual
sabotage provides a fundamental weapon in talent and material
for the Red propaganda attack on American institutions; and
it provides celebrities and funds to be used for the promotion
of Communist causes and programs. * * * Typical of Com-
munist-front organizations in this classification * * * [is]
American Writers Congress."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. 52.)
3. Held in 1935 for "revolutionary writers"; "planned and arranged
by the Communist Party"; prepared papers presented at the
Congress were by writers whose works are circulated chiefly
from the presses of the Communist Party.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 287, 288, and 516.)
AMERICAN YOUTH CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 19Ii7, and September 21, 1948.)
2. "It originated in 1934 and * * * has been controlled by Com-
munists and manipulated by them to influence the thought of
American youth."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 2 It, 1942, p. 7685; also cited in re Harry Bridges,
May 28, 19 42, p. 10:)
3. "One of the principal fronts of the Communist Party" and "promi-
nently identified with the "White House picket line * * *
under the immediate auspices of the American Peace Mobiliza-
tion."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, June
25, 1942, p. 16; also cited in Reports of January 3, 1939,
p. 82; January 3, 1941 , p. 21; and March 29, 1944, V- 102.)
28 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
4. "Launched during August of 1934 and for about 7 years * * *
one of the most influential front organizations ever established
by the American Communist Party."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
191^8, p. 179.)
5. "The purpose of the Young Communist League in controlling and
building this American Youth Congress is the same as m its
other youth groups, namely, to build up a united front, to push
the objectives of and produce cadres for the Communist Party
among persons to whom they would be unable to make a direct
approach."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 525.)
6. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 19^3, p. 3.)
7. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania C ommonv^ealth Counsel hefore the reviewing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 19^2.)
AMERICAN YOUTH FOR A FREE WORLD
1. Cited as an organization which is the affiliate in the United States
of the World Federation of Democratic Youth and which has
been "the Communist clearing house for international student
and youth information." Offices of this organization are lo-
cated at 144 Bleecker Street, New York, N. Y.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist '■'•Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 77.) _
2. "Heavily infiltrated and effectively dominated by the Communist
Party * * * a successor to the Communist- influenced Amer-
ican Youth Congress. American Youth for a Free World was
linked directly to t\\^ international Communist dominated youth
organization. World Youth Council, with headquarters in
London, England."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191,8, p. 51)
AMERICAN YOUTH FOR DEMOCRACY *
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher J,, 191,7, and September 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as the new name under which the Young Communist League
operates and which also largely absorbed the American Youth
Congress.
{Special Coinmittee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19U, p. 102.)
8. Cited as a front formed in October 1943 to succeed the Young Com-
munist League and for the purpose of exploiting to the advantage
of a foreign power the idealism, inexperience, and craving to
1 Cited as an oiganization for voiine Communists, "succeeded by Labor Youth League."
(Attorney General J. Howard McGrath. letter to Loyalty Koview Board, released August
30, 1950.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 29
join which is characteristic of American college youth. Its
"high-sounding slogans" cover "a determined effort to disaffect
our youth and to turn them against religion, the American home,
against the college authorities, and against the American Gov-
ernment itself."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 1947.)
4. Cited as a Communist transmission belt and successor to the Young
Communist League,
{California Co?nmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, pp. 103 and S69.)
APPEAL FOR LAWRENCE SIMPSON
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 335.)
ARMENIAN PROGRESSIVE LEAGUE OF AMERICA
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decetnher 4-, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
ARTEF
1. Cited as a Communist theatrical front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 188.)
ARTISTS AND WRITERS GUILD
1. "Among the ERA and WPA workers. Communists organized" the
above.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 310.)
ARTISTS' FRONT TO WIN THE WAR
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 44, p. 96.)
2. A "Communist organization" which "grew out of a mass meeting at
Carnegie Hall in New York City on October 16, 1942."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 188.)
ASSOCIATED FILM AUDIENCES
1. Cited as a Communist front which merged in 1939 with Films for
Democracy to become known as P'ilm Audiences for Democracy.
{California Cotnmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 193.)
2. "The organization was disbanded in December 1939 and was suc-
ceeded by Film Audiences for Democracy * * * an organi-
zation with such Communist-dominated affiliates as American
League Against War and Fascism, Fur Workers Joint Council,
Workers Alliance * * *."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Munici-
pal Civil Sef^vice Commission.)
30 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
ASSOCIATED MAGAZINE CONTRIBUTORS
1. "The Communist influence is established through such news serv-
ices.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. lid.)
ASSOCIATED NATIONAL BOOK SHOPS
1. Advertised by Communists as outlets in various cities for Com-
munist books, pamphlets, and magazines.
{M assachusettsH ouse Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 278.)
ASSOCIATION OF INTERNES AND MEDICAL STUDENTS
1. Cited as an organization which "has long been a faithful follower
of the Communist Party line" and which supported the Interna-
tional Union of Students* Second World Student Congress in
Prague in August 1950.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist "Peace" Of-
fensive, April 25, 1951, original date, Ajyril 1, 1951, p. 79.)
ASSOCIATION OF LITHUANIAN WORKERS
1. Cited as a "foreign-language Marxist organization" serving as a
"satellite" to the Communist Party of Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 15 Jf.)
BEN LEIDER MEMORIAL FUND
1. "The Communist Party periodically stages rallies, banquets, fund
drives, and other celebrations in honor of important anniver-
saries of leading Communists, front organizations, party pub-
lications, and Soviet anniversaries. * * * Among typical
examples of such Communist activities are : Ben Leider Memo-
rial Fimd. * * *»
{California C omtnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jt8, p. 56.)
BOOK FIND CLUB
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California C omvfiittee on U n- American Activities, Report^
WIS, p. 392.)
BOOK UNION
1. "Distributors of Communist literature."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 kh, p. 96.)
2. A "Communist 'Book-of-the-month' chib."
{California Committee on Un-A^nerican Activities, Report^
1948, p. 194.)
BOSTON SCHOOL FOR MARXIST STUDIES (Boston, MassO
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 31
BOSTON SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
1. "Lectures, study classes, schools, and 'progressive' organizations
were promoted with Soviet Russia the subject of glorification
and Marxian economics the subject of teaching. Among these
activities were the following: The Boston School of Social
Science grew, financially supported by the Garland Fund, which
had as its trustees the leaders of the Communist Party in
America. * * *"
{Massachusetts House Committee on Zln- American A cthnties^
Report 1938, p. 113.)
BRONX VICTORY LABOR COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on JJn-American Activities., Report.,
March 29, 19U,V- ^^6.)
CALIFORNIA COMMITTEE FOR POLITICAL UNITY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19If3, p. 91.)
CALIFORNIA CONFERENCE FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
1947, p. 170.)
CALIFORNIA LABOR SCHOOL
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization at 216 Market
Street, San Francisco, Calif.
{Attorney General Tom ClarTc. letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released June 1, 191(8. and September 21, 1948.)
2. An "expanded Communist Party institution for the purpose of dis-
seminating Communist propaganda." Opened in San Francisco
in the summer of 1944 to replace tlie Tom INIooney Labor School.
Denounced as Communist controlled by the California State
Federation of Labor.
{California Coinmittee on Un-American Arfivities. Report^
1947, pp. 79, 80. and 369. )
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATIVE CONFERENCE
1. "This Communist front is variably called by the number of its
meetings." It is a Communist front "in the fields of politics and
legislation." It is one of the "basic" fronts in a "coalition" of
organizations under the banner of the third party movement to
elect Henry Wallace as President.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, pp. 62, 63, and 195. )
CALIFORNIA YOUTH LEGISLATURE
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization which took part in a mass
meeting in Los Angeles on June 8, 1940, under the sponsorship
of the American Peace Crusade, a Communist creation for the
purpose of putting the terms of the Stalin-Hitler pact into effect
in the United States.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 160.)
84051°— 51 3
32 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
CAMP ARCADIA
1. Cited as an American Youth for Democracy camp.
{Congressional Committee on Vn- American Actimties, Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 1947, p. 9.)
CARPATHO-RUSSIAN PEOPLES SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Hoioard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Revieio Board, released September 11, 1950.)
CENTRAL COUNCIL OF AMERICAN CROATIAN WOMEN iSee Central
Council of American Women of Croatian Descent)
CENTRAL COUNCIL OF AMERICAN WOMEN OF CROATIAN DESCENT
1. Cited as subversive and Communist. It is also known as Central
Council of American Croatian Women or National Council of
Croatian Women,
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released June 1, 19^8, and September 21, 1948.)
CERVANTES FRATERNAL SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
CHELSEA JEWISH CHILDREN'S SCHOOL (MASS.)
1. "A place where Marxism is combined with instruction in the racial
tongue."
{Massachusetts House Committee on IJn-Amencan Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 398.)
CHICAGO COMMITTEE FOR PEACEFUL ALTERNATIVES TO THE AT-
LANTIC PACT iSee Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic
Pact)
CHINA AID COUNCIL
1. A "subsidiary" of the American League for Pence and Democracy.
{Special Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
June 25, 1942. p. 16.)
2. Cited as a Communist front and a subsidiary organization of the
American League for Peace and Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, pp. 151, 319, and 336.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE FOR BETTER EDUCATION
1. Cited as a Communist front in Los Angeles whose "chief activity"
has been "the support of extreme leftists for election to the Los
Angeles Board of Education." It uses "the Communist Party's
mailing list for Los Angeles County."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, pp. 198 and 199.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE FOR HARRY BRIDGES
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 33
2. Cited as a Communist front, located at 1265 Broadway, New York
City, which was formed to oppose deportation of Harry Bridges,
Communist Party member and leader of the disastrous San
Francisco general strike of 1934 which was planned by the
Communist Party.
{^Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
March 29, 19U, PP- 90 and OJf. )
3. There are ^'scores of 'defense committees' created to raise funds for
Communists, fellow travelers and JSIarxist apologists who be-
come involved m arrests, prosecutions, and investigations.
* * * Typical examples of the Communist created and con-
trolled front organization of this type" are the Citizens' Com-
mittee for Harry Bridges, Bridges Defense Committee, and
Bridges Victory Committee.
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Re-port,
19J(S. p. 31^.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE FOR THE DEFENSE OF MEXICAN-AMERICAN
YOUTH
1. Cited as a Communist front for racial agitation that functioned in
Los Angeles m 1943 during the so-called ""zoot suit" disturbances
in that city.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 97; also cited in 19Jf5 Report, p. 210.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE FOR THE MOTION PICTURE STRIKERS
1, "This Communist front was organized for the purpose of creating
sympathy for Plerbert K. Sorrell's Communist-inspired strike
against the motion-picture industry. It was particularly active
in attempting to influence public opinion in favor of Sorrell and
his strikers and in agitating and fomenting antagonisms between
law-enforcement officers and the strikers."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19it8, p. 201.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE FOR THE RECALL OF COUNCILMAN Mfr^,ANA-
HAN (THIRTEENTH LOS ANGELES DISTRICT)
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 56.)
CITIZENS' COMMITl^EE OF THE UPPER WEST SIDE
1. Cited as a subversive organization in New York City which is among
the afiiliates and ccinmittees of the Communist Party, U. S. A.,
and "which seeks to alter the form of government of the United
States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE ON ACADEMIC FREEDOM (THE)
1. "x^n important adult adjunct to American Youth for Democracy,"
which in turn is "the key mass organization for Communist in-
filtration and corruption of American youth." The Citizens
Committee on Academic Freedom was "formed to defend A YD
34 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
from attempts to bar and ban it from participating in campus
activities in schools, colleges, and universities."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
19Jf8,p.5It.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE TO AID LOCKED-OUT HEARST EMPLOYEES
1. Cited as "a Communist inspired and dominated group."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1947, p. 180.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE TO FREE EARL BROWDER
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 19If9.)
2. Cited as a Communist organization.
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 19^2, p. 7687.)
3. Wlien Earl Browder (then general secretary, Communist Party)
was in Atlanta Penitentiary serving a sentence involving his
fraudulent passports, the Communist Party's front which agi-
tated for his release was known as the Citizens' Committee to
Free Earl Browder * * * Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, one of
the few outstanding women leaders of the Communist Party
in this country, headed it."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, VP- 6 and 55.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{Calif ot^ia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 210.)
5. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania C ommomnecdtli Counsel hefore the revieioing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 1912.)
CITIZENS' COMMITTEE TO SUPPORT LABOR'S RIGHT
1. A "newly formed Communist-front organization, * * * which
is sponsored by the Civil Rights Congress, a Communist-domi-
nated organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 187.)
CITY ACTION COMMITTEE AGAINST THE HIGH COST OF LIVING
1. A "Communist-front 'transmission belt' in Los Angeles."^
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 103.)
CIVIL RIGHTS CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letters to Loyalty Review
Board', released December 4, 1947, and Sfiptember 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as an organization formed in April 1946 as a merger of two
other Communist-front organizations (International Labor De-
fense and the National Federation for Constitutional Liberties) ;
"dedicated not to the broader issues of civil liberties, but specifi-
cally to the defense of individual Communists and the Commu-
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 35
nist Party" and "controlled by individuals who are either mem-
bers of the Communist Party or openly loyal to it."
{Congreftsional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 1116, September 2, 19Ji.7, pp. 2 and 19.)
3. A "Communist-dominated organization of comparatively recent
origin."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Ii7,p.l87.)
CIVIL RIGHTS CONGRESS FOR TEXAS
1, Cited as subversive.
{Attorney General Tom Clark., letter to Loyalty Review.
Board, released December If.., 1947.)
CIVIL RIGHTS CONGRESS, MILWAUKEE CHAPTER
1, Cited as subversive.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 7, 1948.)
CIVIL RIGHTS CONGRESS OF MICHIGAN
1. Citeci as subversive.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19A8.)
CIVIL RIGHTS COUNCIL OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
1. Cited as a Communist organization which was a branch of the
National Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
1943, p. 97, and 1948, p. 163.)
CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION OF MOBILIZATION FOR DEMOCRACY (See also
Mobilization for Democracy)
1. "Affiliated with the Civil Rights Congress."
{Congressional Committee on Vn- American Activities. Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 1947, p. 11.)
CIVIL RIGHTS FEDERATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 61.)
COLUMBUS PEACE ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as one of numberless local organizations set up by the Com-
munists just prior to the formation of the American Peace
Mobilization "for the purpose of obstructing America's military
preparedness."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944^P- 155.)
COMITE COORDINADOR PRO REPUBLICA ESPANOLA
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
COMMITTEE FOR A BOYCOTT AGAINST JAPANESE AGGRESSION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194S, pp. 147, 319, and 335.)
36 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
COMMITTEE FOR A DEMOCRATIC FAR EASTERN POLICY
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh^ letter to Loyalty Reviexo
Boards released April 27^ 194&-)
2. The Communist Party line shifted after VJ-day ai.d Communist
fronts started pressure on the administration in reference to its
foreign policy in China in order to clear the way for Soviet
expansion. A "new .front" in this field is the Committee for a
Democratic Far Eastern Policy.
{California Committee 07i Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 198.)
COMMITTEE FOR CITIZENSHIP RIGHTS
1. Defended the "interests of the Communist Party."
{/Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 95.)
2. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but actu-
ally intended to protect Communist subversion from any pen-
alties under the law."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 19^7, p. 3.)
3. "A subsidiary Communist front for the defense of William Schneid-
erman" who "is still the head of the Communist Party in Cali-
fornia."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 358.)
COMMITTEE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS FOR COMMUNISTS
1. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties m general but actu-
ally intended to protect Communist subversion from any penal-
ties under the law."
{Congressional Comm^ittee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, Septem her 2, 19^7, p. -5. ) _
2. Typical of "Communist created and controlled front organizations"
in the category of defense committees which are "created to
raise funds for Communists, fellow travelers, and Marxist apolo-
gists who become involved in arrests, prosecutions, and in-
vestigations."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.)
COMMITTEE FOR CONCERTED PEACE EFFORTS
1. Cited as an organization with the same aims as the American
Congress for Peace and Democracy, a Communist front advo-
cating collective security prior to the signing of the Stalin-Hitler
pact.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 1944, V' 105.)
COMMITTEE FOR DEFENSE OF JOINT ANTI-FASCIST REFUGEE COM-
MITTEE
1. A Communist-front organization typical of "committees * * *
drummed up by the Communist Party and its fellow travelers
to defend known Communists from charges of perjury, con-
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 37
tempt of Congress and the courts, immigration and passport
fraud, illegal registration, and other violations of law/'
{Calif crnia Committee on Un-Americcui Activities^ Report,
1948, p. 65.)
COMMITTEE FOR DEFENSE OF PUBLIC EDUCATION
1. Cited as a Communist Party agency "whose aim v/as to prevent the
Rapp-Coudert committee of the New York State Legislature
from exposing the Communists who had infiltrated the public-
school system of that State."
{Special Committee on Vn- American Activities^ Report,
March 29, l9U,P-loJf.)
COMMITTEE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENT COOPERATION (144
Bleecker Street, New York, N. Y.)
1. Cited as an organization which sent out literature "promoting the
Prague Youth Congress" and which ''gave full sujjport to the
Soviet peace movement and denounced the United States as an
'imperialist aggressor'."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist '■'•Peace" Of-
fensive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 7, 1951, p. 78.)
COMMITTEE FOR PEACE THROUGH WORLD COOPERATION^
1. An organization with the same aims as the American League for
Peace and Democracy, a Communist front which beat the drums
for collective security against Fascist aggressors in accordance
with current Communist Party line.
{/Special Committee on Vn- American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 105.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have defied
brazenly the interests of the United States and other freedom-
loving nations whenever thev have been in conflict with the in-
terests of Soviet Russia and world Communism."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 67.)
COMMITTEE FOR PEACEFUL ALTERNATIVES TO THE ATLANTIC PACT
1. Cited as an organization which v\as formed as a result of the Con-
ference for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact, and
which was located, according to a- letterhead of September 10,
1950, at 30 North Dearborn Street, Chicago 2, 111.; and to fur-
ther the cause of "Communists in the iJnited States" doing
"their part in the Moscow campaign."
{Congressional Committee on U7i-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, oil the Communist '"'"Peace'"' Of-
fensive, Ajjril 26, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 5 If. )
COMMITTEE FOR THE CARE OF YOUNG CHILDREN IN WARTIME
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization which received financial
aid from the American People's Fund, a "Communist financial
organization" organized and directed by Frederick Vanderbilt
Field.
{California Committee on Vn-Amencan Activities, Report,
191,8, p. 1Gb.)
38 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
COMMITTEE FOR THE DEFENSE OF MEXICAN-AMERICAN YOUTH (See
Citizens Committee for the Defense of Mexican-American Youth)
COMMITTEE FOR THE FIRST AMENDMENT
1. "A recently created Communist front in the defense of Communists
and Communist fellow travelers. Its immediate purpose is to
create favorable public opinion for the Communists who refused
to testify before the House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties in Washington, D. C."
{California Gominittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
19^8, p. 210.)
COMMITTEE FOR THE SUPPORT OF S. W. GERSON
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
m?, p. 202.)
COMMITTEE FOR UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN THE AMERICAN
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS FOR PEACE
1. Cited as a section of the parent organization, the American Conti-
nental Congress for Peace, which was "another phase in the
Communist world 'peace' campaign, aimed at consolidating
anti-American forces throughout the Western Hemisphere."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist '"'•Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April i, 1951, p. 21.)
COMMITTEE OF PHILADELPHIA WOMEN FOR PEACE
1. Cited as "another in the chain of Communist-inspired w^omen's
'peace' groups."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, 07i the Communist '"'•Peace"' Offen-
s'ive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 75.)
COMMITTEE OF ONE THOUSAND
1. A "Communist created and controlled front organization" which
was "created to raise funds for the defense of the 19 unfriendly
witnesses before the Congressional Committee on Un-American
Activities^ investigation of Communist activity in Hollywood,
10 of whom were indicted for contempt of Congress."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, pp. 3h and 35.)
COMMITTEE OF PROFESSIONAL GROUPS FOR BROWDER AND FORD
1. Cited as a Communist front, which operated when those two candi-
dates were running for President and Vice President, respec-
tively, on the Communist Party ticket.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.,
March 19, 19U, pp. 48 and 181.)
COMMITTEE ON ELECTION RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Communist front "whose function was to agitate for
placing the Communist Party on the ballot throughout the
United States.."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, pp. 47 and 48.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 39
COMMITTEE PROTESTING ATTACKS AGAINST THE ABRAHAM LIN-
COLN BATTALION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Comndttee on Un-American Activities, Reimrt^
m7, p. 202.)
COMMITTEE TO AID CHINESE TRADE UNIONS
1. Subsidiary to and located in the same building at 96 Fifth Avenue,
New York City, as the Trade Union Unity League, which liad
been launched by the Communist Party early in its history in
an attempt to create "blatantly Communist sponsored and con-
trolled trade-unions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 36 and 143.)
COMMITTEE TO AID THE FIGHTING SOUTH
1. Cited as subversive and among the affiliates and committees of the
Communist Party, U. S. A., and "which seeks to alter the form
of government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Toin Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947.)
COMMITTEE TO DEFEND AMERICA BY KEEPING OUT OF WAR
1. "After Stalin signed his pact with Hitler, the Communist-led Com-
mittee To Defend America by Keeping Out of War * * *
came forth to oppose the national-defense program, lend-lease,
conscription, and other 'war-mongering' efforts." It initiated
the American Peace Mobilization.
{Special Committee on Un-AmeHcan Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, PV- 99 and 105.)
2. Cited as "inspired and dominated by the Communist Party'" and
"created for the purpose of assisting Hitler during his pact with
Stalin." It "cooperated with the German-American Bund to
keep the United States from assisting Great Britain, France,
and China" and it "preceded immediately the launching of the
American Peace Mobilization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, pp. 149 and 351.)
COMMITTEE TO DEFEND ANGELO HERNDON
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 82.)
2. A "Communist created and controlled front organization" which
, is in the category of defense committees "to raise funds for Com-
munists, fellow travelers, and IMarxists apologists who become
involved in arrests, prosecutions, and investigations."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report
1948, p. 34.)
COMMITTEE TO SAVE SPAIN AND CHINA
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, pp. 147 and 335.)
40 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE (Mena, Ark.)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark^ letter to Loyalty Review
Board., released April 27, 1949.)
2. A "Communist enterprise" cited as subversive by an investigating
Committee of the Arkansas Legislature. It received money
from the Garland Fund.
{/Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, VV- "^6 and 167.)
3. An Arkansas institution which ''received extensive donations from
the Communist-supporting Garland Fund" and whose "teachers
have included prominent Communists and even a member of the
Central Committee, Communist Party, U. S. A." During an
Arkansas legislative committee investigation of the college m
1935, then Director Lucien Koch admitted rejecting capitalism
and believing the Soviet Government superior to that in the
United States.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 320.)
COMMUNIST INFORMATION BUREAU (COMINFORM) (See Information
Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties)
COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL (COMINTERN)
1. "The Third or Communist International was organized by Lenin at
Moscow in March 1919 to carry out the revolutionary purposes of
the Communist Party and the Soviet Union. * * * [It] has
ever since been the medium of instigating class warfare and social
revolution in all countries, in order to establish a world Soviet
Union, with the capital at Moscow. * * * --pj^g Communist
International is dominated by the Russian Communist Party and
Soviet officials."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 15.)
2. Cited as the centralized, world-wide organization of the Commu-
nists, controlled by Moscow. "On May 30, 1943, the Communist
International (Comintern) was formally dissolved, to be suc-
ceeded by the Information Bureau of tlie Communist Parties
(Cominform) established in September 1917 with headquarters
in Belgrade. There is every reason to believe that tl^.o Commu-
nist Party, USA, is as completely subordinated to the discipline
of this Moscow-dominated world party, as it ever was."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port, No. 209, April 1, 1947; and Report No. 1920, May 11,
1948, p. 43.)
3. "It is a controlling central organization to which Communist par-
ties throughout the world affiliate. It is actually a high board
of strategy for universal revolution."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1945, p. 85.)
4. "Supreme head and governing power of all Communist parties of
the world is the Communist International (Comintern), some-
times called the Third International, as opposed to the Second
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 41
International to which some members of the Socialist Party ad-
here * * * the highest officials of the Communist Interna-
tional are also high officials of the Soviet Union, and thus the
rulers of Russia govern all other Communist parties of the
world."
{Massachusetts Hovse Committee on Vn-Ainerican Activi-
ties^ Report, 1938, p. 59. )
COMMUNIST LABOR PARTY
1. "A large group of English-speaking delegates headed by Benjamin
Gitlow and John Reed, resented the predominance of Russian-
speaking elements at the convention (of the Communist Party
of America, September 1919) and decided to split away. They
held their own convention, almost simultaneously, in Chicago
and formed the Communist Labor Party." Both groups merged
into the United Communist Party of America in May 1921 upon
orders of the Communist International.
{Congressional Committee on Un-Atnerican Activities, Re-
port No. 209. April 1. 1947, pp. U and 15.)
COMMUNIST PARTY, USA (1930-44, 1945 to date)
1. Cited as a "subversive" organization which seeks "to alter the form
of government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 191^7 ; and September 21, 1948.)
2. "* * * the Communist Party of the United States of America,
from the time of its inception in 1919 to the present time, is an
organization that believes in, advises, advocates, and teaches the
overthrow by force and violence of the Government of the United
States."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, opinion in the case of
Harry Bridges, May 28, 19Ii.2, p. 31.)
3. "* * * a foreign conspiracy masked as a political party * * *
in practice, the Communist Party is actually functioning as a
'border patrol' on American shores for a foreign power — The
Soviet Union."
{Special Committee on Vn- American Activities, Report,
January 3, 191/), p. ^.)
4. "An organization oi>erating under centralized discipline subordi-
nated to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union * * *
whose basic aim, whether open or concealed, is the abolition of
our present economic system and democratic form of government
and the establishment of a Soviet dictatorship in its place.
* * * An organization resorting to deception, evasion, illegal
methods, violence, and civil war, methods implicit in its revolu-
tionary purpose."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 209, April 1, 191^7, p. 1; and Report No. 1920,
May 11, 1948.)
5. "The Communist Party is a small, compact group of professional
revolutionists. * * * The over-all strategy of the Commu-
nist Party is designed to bring about the destruction of all demo-
cratic governments."
{California Committee on Un-America7i Activities. Report,
19Jf7,pp.3G7and3G8.)
42 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
COMMUNIST POLITICAL ASSOCIATION, 1944-45 (formerly the Communist
Party of the United States)
1. Cited as a "subversive," "Communist" organization which sought
"to alter the form of government of the United States by uncon-
stitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clm-k, letter to Loyalty Review
Boards released Septeinber 21, 19^8.)
2_ "* * * after assuming the name of the Communist Political
Association on May 20-23, 1944, for strategic reasons, the party
resumed the name of the Communist Party of the United States
on July 26-28, 1945."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 209, April 7, 1947, p. 29.)
CONFERENCE FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
1. Cited as a successor of the American League for Peace and
Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
CONFERENCE FOR PEACEFUL ALTERNATIVES TO THE ATLANTIC PACT
1. Cited as a meeting called by the Daily Worker in July 1949, to be
held in Washington, D. C, and as having been instigated by
"Communists in the United States [who] did their part in the
Moscow campaign."
{C ongressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '"''Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 56.)
CONFERENCE FOR SOCIAL LEGISLATION
1. The "set-up is strikingly similar to that laid down by the Central
Committee of the Communist Party." Some of the endorsers
were *'well known as being active in organizations which fringe
the Communist Party, and are wholly sympathetic to it. W"e
believe some of the remainder were unwittingly enlisted." It
convened in Boston on January 16, 1938, and on March 27, 1938;
on the latter date, plans were laid to build Labor's Non-Partisan
League into a State-wide organization.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 353-355.)
CONFERENCE ON CONSTITUTIONAL LIBERTIES IN AMERICA
1. A conference as a result of which was established the National
Federation for Constitutional Liberties, "part of what Lenin
called the solar system of organizations, ostensibly having no
connection with the Communist Party, by which Communists
attempt to create sympatliizers and supporters of their program."
{Attorney General Francis Diddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 19^2, p. 7687. )
2. "An important part of the solar system of the Communist Party's
front organizations," which founded the National Federation for
Constitutional Liberties in 1940,
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report
March 29, 19U, p. 102.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 43
3. A "Communist-inspired conference" which launched '.he National
Federation for Constitutional Liberties during the Stalin-Hitler
pact. Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, a high-ranking member of the
national committee of the Communist Party, was one of the
featured speakers at this conference.
{^California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
191^8, p. 226.)
4. Held on June 7, 8, 9. in the National Press Club Auditorium, Wash-
ington, D. C. "Out of this conference grew the National Fed-
eration for Constitutional Liberties * * * which defended
the right of Communists and Nazis to remain and to be admitted
to public service in the United States Government."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Sen-vice Commission.)
CONFERENCE ON PAN-AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (known also as COUN-
CIL FOR PAN-AMERICAN DEMOCRACY)
1. Cited as subvei*sive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board., released June i, lOJfS., and September 21. 1948.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which defended Carlos Luiz Prestes. a
Brazilian Communist leader and former member of the executive
committee of the Communist International.
{Special Committee on Un-Ame?'ican Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944' PP- 161 and 164; cdso cited in Report, June
26,1942, p. 18)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1947, p. 210.)
4. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 194S, p. 3.)
CONGRESS OF AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WRITERS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4- 1947, and September 21, 194,8.)
CONGRESS OF AMERICAN-SOVIET FRIENDSHIP
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, v. 9 4.)
2. Among the "more conspicuous fronts" set up "to honor and support
Soviet Russia."
{California Committee on Un-Anietican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 65.)
CONGRESS OF AMERICAN WOMEN
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19'J,B, and September 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as subversive and Communist and supported at all times by
the international Communist movement.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the Congress of American Women, House Report
No. 1963, April 26, 1950 (originally released October 23,
1949).) '
44 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. Cited as "one of the most potentially dangerous of the many active
Communist fronts." Incorporated in January 1947 with na-
tional headquarters in New York City, it is the American branch
of the International Democratic Women's Federation, which was
formed at a Paris convention in November 1945 "at the call of
International Communist forces."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1948, pp. 228-231.)
CONGRESS (FIRST) OF THE MEXICAN AND SPANISH-AMERICAN PEO-
PLES OF THE UNITED STATES
1. Cited as a Communist front, held March 24-26, 1939, in Albu-
querque, N. Mex.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities.^ Report.,
March 29, 19 kh, p. 120.)
2. "Among the Communist front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pre-
tend to champion."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p 45.)
CONNECTICUT STATE YOUTH CONFERENCE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4-> 191^7 , and September 21, 19^8.)
CONSUMERS' NATIONAL FEDERATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities., Report.,
March 29, 1944, V- l^^.)
2. "Created by the Communist Party and used for the purpose of
spreading propaganda in schools and through women's clubs.
It was first known as the Emergency Council and was established
as the Consumers' National Federation, 1937."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 102.)
3. Cited as an organization "of Communist complexion."
{Netv York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
CONSUMERS UNION
1. Cited as a Communist front "headed by the Communist Arthur
Kallet (whose party name is Edward Adams). Ben Gold and
Louis Weinstock, both well-known Communists, were also mem-
bers of the labor advisory committee of Consumers Union."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, V- l^^-)
2. Cited as a Communist front set up by Susan Jenkins, former em-
ployee of the Daily Worker; Walter Trumbull, who had been
court-martialed in 1925 and sentenced to a 26-year term as a Com-
munist attempting to bore from within the United States Army ;
and Arthur Kallet.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 102.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIOXS .\XD PUBLICATIONS 45
3. Cited ac subversive and un-American.
[Special Subcoiuynittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations^ Report. April 21, 19J}J. p. 3.)
4. "On its labor advisory board were Ben Gold, an avowed Communist
and leader of the joint board, Furriers Union, * * * Louis
Weinstock. * * *''
{Neic York City Council Comviittee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Comnussion.)
5. Cited as a Communist front.
(Pc7tnsyivama t cm/nomrealth Counsel hefore the reincving
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January l9Jf2.)
CONTEMPORARY THEATRE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Vn- American Activities. Report,
l9Jt8, p. 392.)
COORDINATING COMMITTEE TO LIFT THE (SPANISH) EMBARGO
1. Cited as one of a number of front organizations, set up duting: the
Spanish Civil War by the Communist Party in the United States
and tiirough which the ])arty carried on a great deal of airitation.
{Special Committee on Un-Atnerican Activities. Report.
March 29. 19 U. pp. 137 and 138.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California C ommittee on Vn- American Activities. Report^
19Jf7. p. 210.)
COUNCIL FOR PAN-AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (See Conference on Pan-
American Democracy)
COUNCIL OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS (See Inter-
national L^nion of Students)
COUNCIL OF UNITED STATES VETERANS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{i^peciat Committee on Vn-American Activities, Report,
March 29. 19 U- ?>• 83.)
2. Cited as a Communist front with headquarters at 20 West Forty-
third :?treet. Xew York City.
{California Committee on Vn-American Activities, Report,
191^8. pp. 3If2 and 386. )
COUNCIL OF YOUNG SOUTHERNERS (also known as League of Young
Southerners.)
1. "Described on its letterhead as having 'its origin at the Youth Com-
mission of the Southern Conference for Human Welfare.' "
{Congressional Committee on Vn-American Activities. Re-
port A'o. 692, June 12, 191^.7, p. 5.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Vn-American Activities, Report^
191^8, pp. 334-336.)
COUNCIL ON AFRICAN AFFAIRS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December I}., 19^7, and September 21, 194S.)
^r ■
46 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. A Communist-front organization "formerly known as the Interna-
tional Committee on African Affairs. Its official publication, a
monthly bulletin, is called New Africa." It has received funds
from the American People's Fund, a "Communist financial
organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Repori.,
19If8,pp.l68and320.)
COUNCILS OF THE UNEMPLOYED
1. "Among the ERA and WPA workers, Communists organized" the
above.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report 1938, p. 310.)
CROATIAN BENEVOLENT FRATERNITY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. FJoioard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Reviexo Board, released September 11, 1950.)
CROATIAN EDUCATIONAL CLUB
1. A branch of Communist language organizations.
{M assachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties. Report, 1938, p. 1^93.)
DAILY WORKER PRESS CLUB
1. Cited as subversive and Communist and an organization which
seeks "to alter the form of government of the United States by
unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released July 25, 19Ji9.)
DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO.
1, "Publishing agency of the Communist Party."
{Brief for the United States in the case of William Schnei-
der man, p. 143.)
DAUGHTERS OF THE A3IERICAN DEPRESSION
1. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in
the field of relief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
problems of the unemployed and underprivileged."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 73.)
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR ALEXANDER BITTELMAN
1. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and pub-
licity statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist
Party and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts, immi-
gration and passport fraud, illegal registration, and other viola-
tions of law." The above is "among typical Communist-front
organizations in this activity."
{California Comtnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 55.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 47
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR CLAUDIA JONES
1. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and publicity
statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist Party
and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts, im-
migration and passport fraud, illegal registration and other
violations of law." The above is "among typical Communist-
front organizations in this activity."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 66.)
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR EUGENE DENNIS (.See also Dennis Defense
Committee)
1. Cited as subversive and among the affiliates and committees of the
Communist Party, USA.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review.
Board, released December If., 19 47.)
2. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and publicity
statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist Party
and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts,
immigration and passport fraud, illegal registration and other
violations of law.' The above is "among typical Communist-
front organizations in this activity."
{California Committee on IJ n- American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 66.)
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR GERHARDT EISLER (See also Eisler Defense
Committee)
1. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and publicity
statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist Party
and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts, im-
migration and passport fraud, illegal registration and other
violations of law." The above is "among typical Communist-
front organizations in this activity."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 66.)
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR HANNS EISLER
1. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and publicity
statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist Party
and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts, im-
migration and passport fraud, illegal registration and other
violations of law." The above is "among typical Communist-
front organizations in this activity."
{California Cotnmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 66.)
DEFENSE COMMITTEE FOR JOHN WILLIAMSON
1. A "series of committees, resolutions, rallies, protests, and publicity
statements [have been] drummed up by the Communist Party
and its fellow travelers to defend known Communists from
* charges of perjury, contempt of Congress and the courts, im-
migration and passport fraud, illegal registration and other
84051°— 51 4
48 SUBVERSIVE ORGAXIZATIOXS AND PUBLICATIONS
violations of law." The above is "among typical Communist-
front organizations in this activity."
{California Committee on U n- American Activities^ Report^
19Jf8,p. 65.)
DENNIS DEFENSE COMMITTEE (See also Defense Committee for Eugene
Dennis)
1. Cited as subversive and among the affiliates and committees of
the Communist Party, U. S. A., which seeks '"to alter the form
of government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Torn Clark^ leJer to Loyalty Review
Board., released December 4, 1947.)
DESCENDANTS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
1. "A Communist-front organization set up as a radical imitation
of tJie Daughters of the American Kevolution. The Descend-
ants have uniformly adhered to the line of the Communist
Party. * * * -pj^g educational director * * * ^g q^^q
Howard feelsam. an instructor at the Communist Party's Work-
ers School m ^'ew York."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
June 26, 191^2, pp. 18 and 19.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19 kS, p. 33G.)
?>. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations. Report, April 21, 194-3, p. 3.)
DETROIT BILL OF RIGHTS DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but actu-
ally intended to protect Communist subversion from any penal-
ties under the law."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 1116, September 2, 19^7, p. 3.)
DETROIT YOUTH ASSEMBLY
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
DOWN TOWN FORUM
1. Cited as a Communist enterprise.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
l94Cy, pp. 147 and 14^.)
DRAMATIC WORKSHOP
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-Avx&rican Activities, Report,
1948. p. 392. )
EAST BAY PEACE COMMITTEE OF OAKLAND, CALIF.
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as participating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front.
{C ong ressio7ial Committee on U7i-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, 07i the Communist '■''Peace'''' Q-ffens'ive, April
26, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 62.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 49
EISLER (GERHARDT) DEFENSE COMMITTEE {See also Defense Committee
for Gerhardt Eisler)
1. "An offshoot of the Civil Rights Congress."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 1947, p. 13.)
ELIZABETH GURLEY FLYNN CLUB
1. Cited as "the HollyAvood section of the Communist Party."
{California Committee on JJn- American Activities, Report^
1H7, p. 35.)
ELIZALDE ANTI-DISCRIMINATION COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1947, p. 55.)
EMERGENCY COMMITTEE ON KFI
1. Cited as an organization formed to protest the discharge by Los
Angeles Radio Station KFI of six news analysts and commen-
tators who were the media of "pro-Soviet, Red-slanted propa-
ganda."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.,
191^7, p. ISO.)
EMERGENCY COMMITTEE TO AID SPAIN
1. Cited as an organization "noted"' for "pro-Soviet and pro-Commu-
nist tendencies."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf7, p. 202.)
EMERGENCY CONFERENCE TO AID THE SPANISH REPUBLIC
1. Cited as a Communist organization.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 87.)
EMERGENCY CONFERENCE TO HALT THE BLACK-OUT OF CIVIL LIBER-
TIES IN CALIFORNIA
1. A "Communist-ins])ired conference * * * held * * * April
5, 1941, at the south hall of the Embassy auditorium * * *
in the city of Los Angeles * * * ^-^ generate pressure
against assembly bill 271, a measure which ultimately became
the law and is known as the Subversive Registration Act of
1941."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WJiB, p. 233.)
EMERGENCY CONFERENCE TO SAVE SPANISH REFUGEES
1. Cited as Communist, and "the founding body of the North Ameri-
can Spanish Aid Committee."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review.
Board, released July 25, 19If9.)
EMERGENCY PEACE MOBILIZATION
1. "The American Peace Mobilization * * * ^^^ formally
founded at a meeting in Chicago at the end of August 1940,
known as the Emergency Peace Mobilization."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 21^, 191^2, p. 7684.)
50 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Cited as a Communist front which came forth, after Stalin signed
his pact with Hitler, to oppose the national defense program,
lend-lease, conscription, and other American "war-mongering"
efforts. It immediately preceded the American Peace Mobiliza-
tion m 1940.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, VV- 105, 166, and 169.)
3. "Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have defied
brazenly the interests of the United States and other freedom-
loving nations whenever they have been in conflict with the inter-
ests of Soviet Russia and world Communism." At its Labor Day
week-end meeting held in Chicago in 1940, it gave the name of
American Peace Mobilization to the front, American League for
Peace and Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
19Jf8,pp.67 aiul1'>0.)
EMERGENCY TRADE UNION CONFERENCE TO AID SPANISH
DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
AJarch29,19U,p.l80.)
2. Cited as an organization "noted" for "pro-Soviet and pro-Com-
munist tendencies."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It7,p.202.) '
ESTONIAN WOMEN'S CLUB (OF MASSACHUSETTS)
1. "Active in promoting Communist objectives."
{Massachusetts Rouse Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938. p. 157.)
ESTONIAN WORKERS' CLUBS
1. Cited as a "foreign-language Marxist organization" which serves
as a "satellite" to the Communist Party of Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts Hoiise Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 15^.)
EXILED WRITERS COMMITTEE
1. "Established by^ the Communist League of American Writers to
bolster the Communist front, American Committee To Save
Refugees. 14ie Exiled Writers Committee worked with other
Communist fronts in the Sj^anish Communist refugee agitation."
It merged into the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee in
1942.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19.^8, pp. 23k and 270.)
FARM RESEARCH
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization financed from the Robert
JNlarshall Foundation, "one of the principal sources for the
money with which to finance the Communist Party's fronts
generally in recent years."
{Special Committee on Un-America7i Activities, Report,
M arch 29, 19 U, pp. 50 and 11^7.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 51
2. Among "Communist and Commimist -front organizations" which
have received money from the American People's Fund, a "Com-
munist financial organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
1948, p. 16S.)
FEDERATED PRESS
1. Cited as a Communist-controlled organization financed by the
American Fund for Public Service and the Robert Marshall
Foundation, both principal sources of funds for Communist
enterprises.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
March 29, 19U, PV- ^^^ ^hS, and llf7.)
2. "The Communist influence is established through such news services
as Federated Press."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1948, p. 49.)
FEDERATION FOR POLITICAL UNITY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1043, f. 68.)
FEDERATION OF GREEK MARITIME UNIONS (See American Branch oO
FESTUS COLEMAN COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on U 71- American Activities, Report,
1948. p. 172.)
FILM AND PHOTO LEAGUE
1. "A Communist front for revolutionary films" which eventually
merged into a new organization, the New Film Alliance. "The
Los Angeles Film and Photo League was particularly urged 'to
wedge its way more sharply into the film industry'."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 48, pp. 238 and 2 47.)
2. Boston unit cooperates with the New England Committee for the
Defense of Political Prisoners.
{M assachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. HI.)
FILM AUDIENCES FOR DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front,
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 1^0. ) ^
2. "The Cinema Bureau in Moscow had laid down its directives con-
cerning the buildinjr up of audiences for the purpose of agitating
agamst certain films opposed to the current Communist Party
line and for supporting those which favor the line. * * *
The Communist fronts, Film Audiences and Films for Democ-
racy, merged in 1939 to form a new front, Film Audiences for
Democracy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 193 and 238.)
3. Cited as an organization of "Communist complexion."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Munic-
ipal Civil Sercice Commission.)
52 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
FILMS FOR DEMOCRACY
1. Ciced as a Communist-front organization.
{Special Committee on Vn-Arnerican Activities^ Report^
March 29, 19U, VV- h9 and 150.)
2. Cited as a Communist-front organization which merged with an-
other front, Film Audiences, to become Fihn Audiences for
Democracy in 1939.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.,
19Jt8,p.238.)
FINNISH-AMERICAN MUTUAL AID SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath., letter to Loyalty
Review Board., released September 11., 1950.)
FINNISH FEDERATION
1. Cited as a "Marxist foreign-language group" having large and
active groups of members in Massachusetts. Besides publica-
tions in its own language, it has printed the Communist Pioneer
Song Book in English for the use of children.
{Massachusetts House C ommittee on Vn-Ainerican Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 159. )
FINNISH WOMEN'S CLUBS (OF MASSACHUSETTS)
1. "Active in promoting Communist objectives."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 157.)
FINNISH WORKERS' CLUBS
1. Cited as a "foreign-language Marxist organization" serving as a
"satellite" to the Communist Party of Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 15Jf.)
FLORIDA PRESS AND EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE
1. Cited as subversive and a branch of the Communist Political Asso-
ciation which seeks "to alter the form of government of the
United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released July 25, 1949.)
FOUR CONTINENT BOOK CORPORATION
1. Cited as a Communist publishing house located at 253 Fifth Ave-
nue, New York City.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.
1948, p. 214.)
FREEDOM FROM FEAR COMMITTEE
1. "One of the Communist Party's latest fronts" which came into being
in Hollywood and New York and was created "to raise funds
for the defense of the 19 unfriendly witnesses before the Con-
gressional Committee on Un-American Activities' investigation
of Communist activity in Hollyw^ood, 10 of whom were indicted
for contempt of Congress."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, pp. 35 and 239.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 53
FREE ITALY SOCIETY
1. Cited as a national Communist-front organization. A meeting
of the Los Angeles branch in December 1946 attacked American-
British diplomacy as imperialistic and demanded that Tito and
Togliatti, Yugoslav and Italian Communist leaders, be allowed
to settle the future of Trieste.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WIS-, V- ^^^•)
FRIENDS OF SOVIET RUSSIA
1. "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the United
States (then known as the Workers Party) created Friends of
Soviet Russia in 1921, in direct response to directives issued by
the Communist International. * * *. In 1929 the Friends
of Soviet Russia was reorganized and revitalized under the name
of the Friends of the Soviet Union."
{California Committee on Un-American Activitiej. Report,
1948, pp. 242 and 2If3.)
FRIENDS OF THE ABRAHAM LINCOLN BRIGADE
1. "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly
into the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause,
recruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief or-
ganizations." Among these was the above Communist-front
organization.
{Special Committee on Un-Am.erican Activities, Report,
March 29, 19^4, pp. 82 and 125; also cited Report, January
3, mo, p. 9.)
2. It was "organized and controlled by the Communist Party from the
beginning" and served "the objectives of the Communist Parties
in the United States and Spain."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 93, 94, and 244.)
0. The Communists' Progressive Bookshop of Boston was represented
at a meeting of the above to sell literature; funds through
above for leftist Spain were contributed by the International
Workers Order.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 282 and 395. )
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commonwecdth Counsel hefore the reviennng
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 1942.)
FRIENDS OF THE CAMPUS
1. A "Connnunist-controlled" organization "initiated in 1945 in order
to mobilize 'moral and financial support' behind the AYD
(American Youtli for Democracy)." It "is headed by a group
of individuals closely identified with Communist causes." Hon-
orary president is avowed Communist Donald Henderson.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port, No. 271, April 17, 1947, pp. 9 and 12.)
54 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Among "subsidiary Communist fronts created by American Youth
for Democracy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
19 k8, p. 186.)
FRIENDS OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE
1. Cited as a Communist front to support the Chinese Communist
thrust against the National Chinese Government.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, pp. 1^2 and US.)
FRIENDS OF THE SOVIET UNION (Predecessor of American Council on
Soviet Relations)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Aftor^iey General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board', released December 4, 19.\7 , June 1, 19Jf8, and Sep-
te?nber SI, 1948.)
2. "One of the most open Communist fronts in the United States,"
whose purpose "is to propagandize for and defend Russia and its
system of government." It "is a section of an international
movement directed from Moscow." The Friends admit "they
penetrate our industrial actions."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, Jan-
uar-y 3, 1939, p. 78; also cited in Reports, .January 3, 191/),
p. 9; June 25, 1942, p. 19; and March 29, 1944, VV- h^ and
94.)
3. Cited as among the more conspicuous Communist fronts set up by
the Communist Party to honor and support Soviet Russia. It
was created in 1929 as a successor to the Friends of Soviet Russia ;
it arranged delegations of American workers to the Soviet Union
for anniversary celebrations. It was succeeded by the National
Council of American-Soviet Friendsliip during the military
alliance between the U. S. and Russia during World War II.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948. pp. 65, 244. and 321.)
4. Cited as an organization in which "Communists have controlling in-
fluence" and whose purpose was "the spreading of propaganda
favorable to Russia."
{Massachusetts Tlouse ComwMtee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 77 and 129.)
FRONTIER FILMS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944- VV- 4&- 83, andn7.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which "has faithfully followed the
Communist Party line in its productions" and whose personnel
is "closely interlocked" with the Film and Photo League, a "Com-
munist front for revolutionary films."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 247.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 55
GALENA DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization which was a subsidiary of
the International Labor Defense, legal arm of the Communist
Partv. ... „
(Special Committee on Un-American Activities, tiefort,
March 29. 19 U, V- l^^-)
2. Cited as "typical" of Communist created and controlled front or-
ganizations "created to raise funds for Communists, fellow
travelers, and Marxist apologists who become involved in arrests,
prosecutions, and investigations."
{California Committee on Vn-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 34.)
GARLAND FUNDS (See American Fund for Public Service)
GARIBALDI AMERICAN FRATERNAL SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of In-
ternational Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Hoioard McGrath, letter to Loijalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
GARRISON FILMS DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
1. "This Communist front acts for films produced in the Soviet Union
as well as for Communist propaganda films produced in the
United States. It has followed the Communist Party line and
the expediency of Soviet foreign policy in the type of films dis-
tributed during a given period."
{Calif 07'nia C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 247,)
GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER SCHOOL
1. Cited as an adjunct in New York City of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, December 4, 19^7.)
GERSON (SIMON W.) SUPPORTERS
1. A "typical" example of Communist created and controlled organiza-
tions "to raise funds for legal defense and aid to Communist
members of unions, minority groups, and teachers, political fig-
ures, and others who may be arrested, attacked, expelled, or other-
wise involved in controversies."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.)
GOLDEN BOOK OF AMERICAN FRIENDSHIP WITH THE SOVIET UNION
1. Cited as a "Communist enterprise" signed by "hundreds" of "well-
known Communists and fellow travelers."
{Special Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 102.)
2. Cited as a Communist front. "The signers of the Golden Book of
American Friendship with the Soviet- Union may be said to have
met the acid test for admiration of a totalitarian dictatorship."
The names appeared in Soviet Kussia Today for November 1937
in commemoration of the twentieth anniversary of the establish-
ment of the Soviet Republic.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 248.)
56' SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. "During 1937, and particularly at outings and picnics held by the
(Communist) Party, the Young Communist League, the Inter-
nationa] Workers Order, and the various organizations of the
United Front allies, there were circulated pag'^s for signatures to
be included in 'The Golden Book of American Friendship.' "
{A! assachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 621.)
GREATER NEW YORK COMMITTEE FOR EMPLOYMEr^T
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 152.)
GREATER NEW YORK EMERGENCY CONFERENCE ON INALIENABLE
RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Communist front which was succeeded by the National
Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U^ pp. 96 and 129.)
2. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but ac-
tually intended to protect Communist subversion from any
penalties under the law."
{Congressional Coiyimittee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 19^7, p. 3.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8.p.61.)
GREEK-AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR NATIONAL UNITY
1. Cited as subversive.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 194S.)
GREEKAMERICAN COUNCIL
1. Cited as an earlier name for the subversive and Communist Amer-
ican Council for a Democratic (Ireece.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19 48.)
GROUP THEATRE
1. Cited as "tyiiicai" of Communist-front organizations in the field
of arts and culture. Communist infiltration and control of
artistic and cultural media "provides a fundamental weapon in
talent and material for the Red propaganda attack on American
institutions; and it provides celebrities and funds to be used for
the promotion of Communist causes and programs."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 52.)
HARRY BRIDGES DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as one of the Communist fronts formed to oppose deporta-
tion of Harry Bridges, Communist Party member and leader
of the disastrous San Francisco general strike of 1934 which was
planned by the Communist Party.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activliies, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 90.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 57
2. Cited as typical of Commimist-front organizations which defend,
honor, or support known Communists and Communist or-
ganizations.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194S, f. 65.)
HARRY BRIDGES VICTORY COMMITTEE
1.. Cited as a Communist-front organization operating in San Fran-
cisco after the Communist Party became prowar. Harry
Bridges, a Communist Party member and leader of the Com-
muniWplanned general strike in San Francisco in 1934, was
threatened with deportation, the defense against which was al-
most entirely in the hands of the Communists.
{Special Committee en Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, VV- ^^ and 94.)
2. A Communist-lront organization typical of activities "drummed up
by the Communist Party and its fellow travelers to defend
known Communists from charges of perjury, contempt of Con-
gress and the courts, immigration and passport fraud, illegal
registration, and other violations of law.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194S, p. 55.)
HAWAII CIVIL LIBERTIES COMMITTEE *
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released April 27, 19Jf.9.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which "from its inception has been
directed by Communists for the principal purpose of protecting
and expanding the Communist fifth column in the islands com-
prising the Territory of Hawaii."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on Flawaii Civil Liberties Committee a Communist
front, House Report No. 2986, August 2Ji, 1950, originally
released June 23, 1950.)
HELLENIC-AMERICAN BROTHERHOOD
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
international "Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Revieio Board, released September 11, 1950.)
HERNDON DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a "united front" under the guidance of the Communist
Party, with headquarters at 11 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.
"This office and address served as headquarters of various other
Communist supporting groups."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 213 and 21 If.)
H. O. G. (ARMENIAN GROUP)
1. Cited as a "foreign-language Marxist organization."^
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 154.)
1 According to a press release of the Hawaii Civil Liberties Committee, November 2, 1950,
their membership voted unanimously to affiliate with the Civil Eights Congress and will
henceforth be known as the Hawaii Civil Rights Congress.
58 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
HOLD THE PRICE LINE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
1947, p. 60.) ^ '
HOLLYWOOD ACTORS' LABORATORY SCHOOL (See Actors' Laboratory
Theatre.)
HOLLYWOOD ANTI-NAZI LEAGUE
I. Incorporated on June 8, 1936, as the Hollywood League Against
Nazi-ism, it became the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League on Sep-
tember 28, 1936. "The Stalin-Hitler pact brought this front
to an abrupt termination of activities in August of 1939. * * *
The Hollywood Motion Picture Democratic Conmiittee was the
successor."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
191^8, pp. 2k9, 250, and 266.)
HOLLYWOOD COMMUNITY RADIO GROUP, INC.
1. Cited as a "Communist inspired and directed" organization whose
"immediate objective is the establishment of a radio station in
Los Angeles County."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report.
WliT.y.SlO.)
HOLLYWOOD DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE
1. "riiis Communist front grew out of a series of fronts designed to
entrap Hollywood's innocents in the motion-picture industry."
Organized in 1942 for the announced purpose of reelecting Gov-
ernor Olson of California, it had no connection with the Demo-
cratic Party. When it "faced exposure" as a Communist front,
it changed its name in June 1945 to Hollywood Independent Citi-
zens' Connnittee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report^
191^8, pp. 260, 261, and 263.)
HOLLYWOOD INDEPENDENT CITIZENS' COMMITTEE OF THE ARTS,
SCIENCES AND PROFESSIONS (See Independent Citizens' Committee ot
Arts, Sciences, and Professions)
HOLLYWOOD LEAGUE AGAINST NAZI-ISM (See Hollywood Anti-Nazi
League)
HOLLYWOOD LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization in which Communist
individuals were "pulling the strings and setting the policy."
It "was a continuation of the Motion Picture Democratic Com-
mittee after the invasion of Russia by Germany precipitated an
abrupt change in Soviet foreign policy. It lasted until 1942
when It reorganized as the Hollywood Democratic Committee."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
19 k3, p. 91, and 191^8, p. 266.)
HOLLYWOOD MOTION PICTURE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE
1. Cited as the Communist-front successor to the Hollywood Anti-
Nazi League after the latter organization went out of business
followinir the Stalin-Hitler pact of 1939. After German in-
vasion of Kussia in 1941 precipitated an abrupt change in Soviet
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 69
foreign policy, the above was continued on under the new name,
Hollywood League for Democratic Action.
{Calif oimia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 255 and 256.)
HOLLYWOOD PEACE FORUM
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
wis, p. 160.)
HOLLYWOOD THEATRE ALLIANCE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
HOLLYWOOD WRITERS MOBILIZATION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist,
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1047, and September 21, 194S.)
2. Cited as a Communist-front organization whose "true purpose"
was "the creation of a clearing house for Communist propa-
ganda."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1945, p. 130.)
HOLYOKE BOOK SHOP
1. "Strategically" located at 19 Dunster Street, Cambridge, Mass.,
"to supply students with Marxist publications. It is also a
central controlling point for Communist activity in and around
Cambridge, and is a recruiting center for the Young Communist
League, both m the college and in the secondary public schools
of Cambridge."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 279.)
HONORARY CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE FOR THE ELECTION OF CLIF-
FORD T. McAVOY
1. Cited as an organization "of Communist complexion."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Munic-
ipal Civil Service Commission.)
HUNGARIAN-AMERICAN COUNCIL FOR DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, Utters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
HUNGARIAN BROTHERHOOD
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
ICOR
1. "This Communist organization is devoted to 'defense of the Soviet
Union," although it purports to be organized in interest of the
Jewish people and, particularly, in Biro-Bidjan, a Jewish colo-
nization in the Soviet Union."
{California Cominittee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 261.)
60 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Icor, with headquarters in New York City, "has as its purpose tl
colonization and support of Biro-Bidjan,'' one of the Sovi
the
ipport of iiiro-liicijan, ' one of the [Soviet
8ocia]ist Jtlepublics within Soviet Russia. It has Communist
support and "in turn, supports the Communist Party." It is
listed m the cash-receipt record of the Communist "Party of
Boston for 1937.
{^Massachusetts House C otnmittee on Un-American Activities,
Report. 19S8. pp. 228, 229, and 568.)
ILLINOIS PEOPLE'S CONFERENCE FOR LEGISLATIVE ACTION
1. "A few years ago the Communist Party operated throughout the
country under the guise of a series of States conferences for legis-
lative action. The Illinois People"^s Conference for LegisU^tive
Action took care of the Chicago area. It was entirely under the
control of the Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March29,19U,p. 122.)
INDEPENDENT CITIZENS COMMITTEE OF THE ARTS, SCIENCES, AND
PROFESSIONS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{C ongressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
view of the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World
Peace arranged hy the National Council of the Arts. Sci-
ences, and Professions and held in New York City on March
25, 26, and 27, 19J(S, House Report No. 195k. April 26, 1050
{originally released April 19, 19J}9) , p. 2; and House Report
No. 378, on the Communist '•'•Peace'''' Offensive, April 25,
1961, origiiial date, April 1, 1951, pp. 11 and 12.)
2. "This Communist front grew out of the Independent Voters' Com-
mittee of the Arts and Sciences."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 262.)
INDEPENDENT PROGRESSIVE PARTY
1. "Among typical mass organizations that are victims of Communist
domination." One of the basic Communist fronts in a coalition
under the banner of the third party movement to elect Henry
Wallace President of the United States.
{California Com-mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 J/^, pp. If-l and 62.)
INDEPENDENT SOCIALIST LEAGUE (Workers Party)
1. Cited as subversive and as having been formerly known as the
Workers Party * * * "represents but a change in name and
is devoted to the same aims and purposes of its predecessor."
This is an organization which seeks "to alter the form of govern-
ment of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General J. Howard McOrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 29, 1949. )
INDEPENDENT VOTERS COMMITTEE OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
1. The Communist front, Independent Citizens Committee of the Arts,
Sciences and Professions, grew out of the above.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report j
lOItS, p. 202.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 61
INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OF THE WORLD
1. Cited as an organization wliich seeks "to alter the form of govern-
ment of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
INFORMATION BUREAU OF THE COMMUNIST AND WORKERS' PARTIES
1. "Upen above-ground activity by the Communist International was
resumed in September 1947 as a result of a meeting of European
Communist leaders in Poland. It comes as no surprise that this
new version of the Comintern, which is called the Communist
Information Bureau or Cominf orm, has openly enrolled the Com-
munist Parties of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Poland,
and Hungary where the old Comintern officials are in command.
Also avowed 'memters of the Cominform are the Communist Par-
ties of the Soviet satellite, Yugoslavia, and of France and Italy.
Master of the international alliance, however, is the Soviet
Union. * * *''
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, I^e-
port No. 1920, May 11, 191^8, p. 83.)
INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS (See American Council, Institute of
Pacific Relations)
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS
1. Cited as an international Communist-front organization.
{Congressional Committee on JJn- American Activities.,
Report on the National Lawyers Guild, House Report No.
3123. September 21, 19d0 {originally released Septemher 17^
1950), p. 13.)
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WAR VETERANS (INTERNATION-
ALE DES ANCIENS COMBATTANTS)
1. The "first Ct.nmunist front for veterans" organized by the Com-
munist International in Geneva on May 1, 1920. Henri Bar-
busse, avowed French Communist, was chairman, and Hugo
Graef, German Communist, was secretary. It initiated the call
for the World Congress Against War, in Amsterdam in Augaist
1932.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
1948, p. 384.)
INTERNATIONAL BOOK SHOP OF BOSTON
1. Cited as the predecessor of the Communists' present book store in
Boston, the Progressive Bookshop.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 276.)
INTERNATIONAL BOOK STORE, SAN FRANCISCO
1. "The Communist Party book center in the bay area for the distri-
bution of its literature."
{California Committee 07i Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 100.)
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF INTELLECTUALS FOR PEACE (See
International Committee of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace)
62 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF INTELLECTUALS IN DEFENSE OF
PEACE (also known as the International Liaison Committee of Intellectuals
for Peace, and International Committee of Intellectuals for Peace)
1. Cited as a group created by the parent organization, the World
Congress of Intellectuals, and as a part of the Communist
"])eace" movement.
{Congressional Committee on ZJn- American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '"''Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1051, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 10.)
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON AFRICAN AFFAIRS
1. Cited as a Communist front which was a predecessor of a front
organization known as Council on African Affairs.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
19^8,pp.75and320.)
INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF WOMEN
1. Convened in Paris November 26 to December 1, 1945, "at the call of
international Communist forces" and with Communist members
of the French House of Deputies, Mme. Eugenie Cotton and
Mme. Marie-Claude Vaillant-Couturier, serving as cochairmen.
A continuing committee of the above was set up in the United
States and eventually became known as the Congress of American
Women. The international movement was called the Interna-
tional Democratic Women's Federation, with which the Congress
of American Women is affiliated.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19k.3,pp.22Sandm9.)
INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC WOMEN'S FEDERATION
1. Cited as a Communist front "which was iuunded and supported at
all times by the International Communist movement." Also
cited as an "organization [which] frankly stated that it in-
tended to follow the lead of the Soviet Union, 'the only country
truly working for peace* and which joined in issuing the call for
the World Peace Congress, held in Paris in April 1949."
{Congressional Committet on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the Congress of A?nerican Women, House Report
No. 1953, April 26, 1950 {originally released October 23,
1949); and House Report No. 378, on the Communist
'-'"Peace"' Offensive, April 25, 1951 {original date, April 1,
1951), p. 71.)
2. Cited as a "Red international" organization, formed in 1945 in Paris
at an International Congress of Women "at the call of inter-
national Communist forces." JMme. Eugenie Cotton and Mme.
Mane-Claude Vaillant-Couturier, Communist members of the
French House of Deputies, were cochairmen of the Paris con-
gress. The American affiliate is known as the Congress of Ameri-
can Women.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,,
1948, pp. 228-232.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 63
INTERNATIONAL JURIDICAL ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as "a Communist front and an offshoot of the International
Labor Defense."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
March 29, 19U, p. U9.)
2. Cited as an organization which "actively defended Communists
and consistently followed the Communist Party lino."'
[Congressional C ommittee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port on the Natiojial Lawyers Guild, House Report No.
3123, September 21, 1960 {originally released September
17, 1950), p. 12.)
3. Cited as a "Communist created and controlled" organization closely
associated with the International Labor Defense and specializing
"in the defense of individual Communists or of the Communist
Party itself." It has followed the Communist Party line with-
out deviation.
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19JfS,pp.35 and2G5.)
4. "The bulletins of the International Juridical Association from its
very inception show that it is devoted to the defense of the Com-
munist Party, Communists, and radical agitators and tliat it is
not limited merely to legal research but to sharp criticism of
existing governmental agencies and defense of subversive
groups."
{Neio York City Council Committee i7ivestigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Coinmission.)
INTERNATIONAL LABOR DEFENSE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attor7\ey General Tom ClarJc, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released June 1, 191^8, and September 21, 19IfS.)
2. "Legal arm of the Communist Party,"
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 2J^, 19Jf2, p. 7G8G.)
3. "It is, essentially, the legal defense arm of the Communist Party of
the United States." It is the American section of M, O. P. R.,
or Red International of Labor Defense, often referred to as the
Red International Aid. Its international congresses meet in
Moscow.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
January 3, 1939, pp. 75-78; also cited in Reports, January
3, 19ifi, p. 9; June 25, 191^2, p. 19; March 29, 19U, P- 09.)
4. "The International Labor Defense ■"' * * was part of an inter-
national network of organizations for the defense of Communist
lawbreakers." At a conference held in Detroit, Mich., April
27-28, 1946, the International Labor Defense and the National
Federation for Constitutional Liberties merged to form the new
front. Civil Rights Congress.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 19^7, pp. 1 and 2.)
S4051°— 51-
64 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
5. "One of the more potent and obvious Communist-front organiza-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^7, p. 2U.)
6. "The Communist Party established the International Labor De-
fense in this country during the summer of 1925, as the United
States section of the International Red Aid * * * with
headquarters in Moscow."
{Massachusetts House Coinmitiee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, yp. 198 and 31^2.)
7. "An organization whose Communist character and international
affiliation are a matter of public record."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
INTERNATIONAL LIAISON COMMITTEE OF INTELLECTUALS FOR
PEACE (See International Committee of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace)
INTERNATIONAL MUSIC BUREAU
1. Cited as an organization with headquarters in Moscow, whose aims
were published in the magazine Soviet Music, for March-April
1933, "* * * We should not verge one single iota from a pro-
gram of progressive class struggle. We can be successful in our
efforts only if we know how to transplant our political slogans to
the sphere of music. * * * We should prove that the only
right road for artistic creations, which include also 'hat of musi-
cians, is the service to the objectives of proletarian revolution."
Hanns Eisler, one of the founders of the International Music
Bureau, has frankly avowed that "Communist music becomes
heavy artillery of the battle for communism."
{Congressional Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Re-
port of the Committee on Un-American Activities to the
United States House of Representatives, 80th Cong.,
I>ecem'ber31,19h8,p.7.)
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF DEMOCRATIC JOURNALISTS
1. Cited as an international Communist-front organization.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378 on the Communist '^Peace" Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 19.)
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 h8, p. 392.)
INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHERS
1. "The [Communist] Party's publishing house," headed by Alexander
Trachtenberg.
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
Septemher 21^, 19^2, p. 7686.)
2. "Publishing agency of the Communist Party."
{Brief for the United States in the case of William Schneider-
man, p. llfS.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 65
3. An "official publishin.c: house of the Communist Party in the United
States,'" and a medium through which "extensive Soviet propa-
ganda is subsidized in the United States,"
{Special Committee on TJn-Am^rican 'Activities, Reports,
January 3, 19^0, p. 8, and June 25, 1942, p. 18/ also cited
in Report, March W, 19U, V- ^^•)
4. "Official American Communist Party publishing house."
{Congressional Committee on tJn- American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19^8, p. 80. )
5. An "important publishing organization of the Communist Party"
located at 381 Fourth Avenue, New York City, and headed iDy
Alexander Trachtenberg. "These organizations * * * are
among the most important institutions in the Eed Fascist net-
work. None but tested Communists and fellow travelers are
permitted to participate in the management and direction of
such enterprises."
{California Cointnittee on TJn- American Activities, Report,
19 k8, pp. 35 and 214.)
6. One of the two chief publishers of the Communist Party and con-
trolled by the Communists.
_ {Massachusetts House Committee on TJn- American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 289.)
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS' UNION (See also International Union of
Students)
1. Cited as an international Communist-front organization.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ''''Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 19.)
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF STUDENTS {See also Second World Student
Congress)
1. "The World Federation of Democratic Youth brought into being
the International Union of Students, which held a meeting in
Prague on August 17-31, 1946. The administration and direc-
tion of this project was entrusted to a 17-man executive com-
mittee, of whom 12 were known Communists." Also cited as
one of the "long-established Soviet-controlled international
organizations" which speak identical lines of propaganda and
stand together on all phases of Soviet foreign policy and which
has "affiliated organizations in the United States, which conse-
quently have also been turned into instruments in the 'peace'
campaign."
{Congressional Committee on TJn- American Activities, Report
No. 271, April 17, 1947, p. 13/ JJouse Report No. 378, on the
Coimnunist '•''Peace'''' Offensive, Ap>ril 25, 1951, original date,
April 1, 1951, p. 77.)
2. The above, which held a meeting in Prague on August 17-31, 1946,
sprang out of the World Federation of Democratic Youth, which
is "part of the Communist International solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 187.)
66 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL WORKERS ORDER
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom ClarJc^ letters to Loyalty Review
Boards released Decemher 4, 19Jf7^ and September 21, 1948.)
2. "One of the strongest Communist organizations."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 21^, 19 ^2, p. 7688.)
3. "One of the most effective and closely knitted organizations among
the Communist-'f ront' movements. It claims a membership of
150,000, bound together through an insurance and social plan.
* * * It has contributed large sums of money to Communist
Party campaigns, and * * * regularly sponsors Communist
Party endorsed candidates for public office." In 1944, its presi-
dent and general secretary respectively were William Weiner,
former Communist Party treasurer, and Max Bedacht, former
party secretary.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Reports,
January 3, 1939, p. 79; March 29, lOJf-Ji, p. 181; also cited in
Reports of January 3, 1940, p. 9; and June 25, 19^2, p. 19.)
4. Cited as "one of the strongest Communist organizations."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated or-
ganizations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950
{originally released June 26, 1949), pp. 82-84)
6. Cited as a Communist front which "purports to be a fraternal or-
ganization" but "through its segregated language lodges,
mobilizes for the revolution in the United States." It "has fol-
lowed the Communist Party line without deviation and has sup-
ported all Communist causes in the United States." It "has
openly supported Communist candidates for public office."
"Mucii of the financing of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Com-
mittee is undertaken by" the above.
{California Committee on Un-American Acitvities, Report,
1948, pp. 267, 268, and 271.)
6. "Controlled by Communists" and listed in the cash-receipt record
of the Communist Party of Boston in 1937; there was an "af-
filiation" between the Young Communist League and the IWO
youth section.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
■ Report, 1938, pp. 308, 398, and 570.)
7. Cooperated with the Communist Party in defense of Morris U.
Schappes, Communist convicted of perjury.
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Report, 1942, p. 293.)
8. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 1943, p. 3.)
9. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania C ommonwealth Counsel before the reviewing
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 1942.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 67
INTERNATIONAL YOUTH DAY
1. "Orgc^iiized and promoted by the Communists, and on which demon-
strations take place in various Massacliusetts commmiities. * * *
[It] occurs in early September."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-Ameincan Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 172.)
INTER-PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION '
1. Cited as a Communist enterprise.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191iS,pp.6 andl72.) _
2. One of the sponsoring organizations of the Boston Scottsboro De-
fense Committee, whose campaign was directed by the Interna-
tional Labor Defense.
{Massachusetts House Covimittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 209.)
INTERPROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SOCIAL INSURANCE
1. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in
the field of relief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
problems of the unemplo3'ecl and underprivileged."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19JiS,p. 73.)
ITALIAN ANTI-FASCIST COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 83.)
JEFFERSON CHORUS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
JEFFERSON SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, New York, N. Y.
1. Cited as an ''adjunct of tlie Communist Party."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board released December 4, 19^7.)
2. "At the beginning of the present year,, the old Communist Party
Workers School and the School for Democracy were merged into
the Jefferson School of Social Science."
{i^pecial Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 150.)
3. "This Communist school * * * opened its first term in Feb-
ruary of 1944 at 575 Sixth Avenue (New York City) * * *
the result of * * * a merger of the Workers School and the
School for Democracy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19Ji8, pp. 269 and 270.)
JEWISH BLACKBOOK COMMITTEE OF LOS ANGELES
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^7, p. 66.)
^ Prior to 1936. the Interprofessional Association for Social Insurance was known simply
as the Inter-Professional Association.
68 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
JEWISH PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released June i, 19If8, and September 21, 19J},8.)
2. "An organization which has been nothing more nor less than an
adjunct of the Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 153.)
3. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money-collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion."
{California Comtnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^7, p. 1^.)
JEWISH PEOPLES FRATERNAL ORDER
1. Cited as Communist and among the "National group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney GeneralJ . Hoicard McGrath, letter to Loyalty Re-
view Board, released September 11, 1950.)
JOHN REED CLUBS OF THE UNITED STATES
1. "Named after the founder of the American Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 176.)
2. "Communist organizations named in honor of John Reed who was
one of the earliest Communist leaders in the United States."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 270.)
3. xA.mong organizations created or controlled by the Communist Party
or part of a united front with the party, which supported the
First United States Congress Against War. The congress was
openly led by the Communists.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 1^62 and J^66.)
JOINT ANTI-FASCIST REFUGEE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December If., 191f7, and September 21, 19Jf8.)
2. A "Communist-front organization headed by Edward K. Barsky."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 17 h-)
3. Cited as a Communist front "Formed in March of 1942 through
the merger of the American Committee to Save Refugees, the
Exiled Writers Committee of the League of American Writers,
and the United American Spanish Aid Committee. * * *
The sponsors and officers * * * with few exceptions are
admitted Communists and fellow travelers." The policy "is in
concert with the foreign policy of the Soviet Union." Much of
the financing is undertaken by the International Workers Order.
♦ {California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
10Ji8, pp. 270 and 271.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 69
JOINT COMMITTEE FOR THE DEFENSE OF THE BRAZILIAN PEOPLE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on V v.- American Activities, Report,
194s, p. 335.)
JOINT COMMITTEE FOR TRADE UNION RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Commuist front which, jointly with the International
Labor Defense, supported and defended Communist Party lead-
ers of the International Fur and Leather Workers Union when
they were serving prison terms.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, PP- 1^5 and 166.)
2. A "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California Committee on Un-Amc7'ican Activities, Report,
19If8. p. 34.)
JOINT COMMITTEE OF TRADE UNIONS ON SOCIAL WORK
1. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in
the field of relief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
problems of the unemployed and underprivileged."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 73.)
JOSEPH WEYDEMEYER SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE (St. Louis, Mo.)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
IL\RL MARX SOCIETY OF BROOKLYN COLLEGE
1. "Branch of the Young Communist League operating under an
alias."
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Interim Report, Decemher 7,
1941, p. 101.)
KEYNOTE RECORDINGS, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
KING-RAMSEY-CONNOR DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 94.)
2. A "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.)
KOREAN CULTURE SOCIETY
1. Cited as a Communist front "for the purpose of protesting Ameri-
can policy in Korea and creating pressure for the recall of
American occupation forces from that country."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 112.)
70 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
KOREAN INDEPENDENT NEWS COMPANY
1. Cited as a Communist frjnt "for the purpose of protesting Ameri-
can policy in Korea and creating pressure for the recall of
American occupation forces from that country."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194B, p. 112.)
LABOR LYCEUM
1. "When Frankfeld, Secretary of the Communist Party in Massa-
chusetts, testified before the Commission, he stated the Com-
munist headquarters in Chelsea was at the Labor Lyceum." At
the Lyceum were an active Communist group and school, and an
extensive Marxian library.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p 158.)
LABOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as subversive and as an "afFdiate" of the Communist Party
and as an organization which seeks "to alter the form of govern-
ment of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General lorn Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 19Jf7.)
2. "A direct auxiliary of the Communist Party."
{SpeciaL Committee on Un-Amei'ican Activities, Report^
March29,19U,P-i7.)
3. Cited as a "completely Communist-controlled organization."
{CaWornia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. hi.)
4. "One of the creations of the Communist Party and * * *
founded by Robert W. Dunn, a prominent Communist."
{Massac tiusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties. Report, 1933. p. 380.)
LABOR SPORTS UNION
1. The Youth Section of the International Workers Order has as
one of its particular tasks the building of sports federations allied
to the Red Sports League and bearing the name Labor Sports
Union.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p J^Ol.)
LABOR YOUTH LEAGUE
1. Cited as a Communist front which "has taken the place of the two
prior organizations," Young Communist League and American
Youth for Democracy, as the organization for young Commu-
nists * * * bears the same designation as a Communist
organization.
{Attorney General J Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Reviev: Board, released August 30, 1960.)
2. Cited as "another spearhead of the 'peace' campaign among Ameri-
can youth" which is under Communist control.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'' Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date^ April 1, 1951, p. 80.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 71
LAWYERS COMMITTEE OF THE MEDICAL BUREAU AND NORTH
AIVIERICAN COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. The ISIedical Bureau and North American Committee To Aid Span-
ish Democracy was one of the many Loyalist-aid organizations
carrying out the line established by the Communist Party and
received the support of that party in its activities.
(Neiu York City Council Committee investigating the Munici-
pal Civil Service Commission.)
LAWYERS COMMITTEE ON AMERICAN RELATIONS WITH SPAIN
1. "When it was the policy of the Communist Party to organize much
of its main propaganda around the civil war in Spain," the above
"Communist law^^ers' front organization" supported this move-
ment.
{Special Committee on Un-Ame7ican Activities^ Report^
March 29, 19U, r>V' 1G8 and 169.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 335.)
3. Headquarters for the above, whose chairman was Paul J. Kern,
were located at 20 Vesey Street, New York City, in the offices
of a German-language Communist paper. It consisted of a
group of lawyers who were also members of the International
Juridical Association and National Lawyers Guild and it car-
ried out the iDolicy and program which had the su]3port, the
approval, and endorsement of the Communist Party, evidenced
by the wide publicity and approval given it in the Daily Worker,
official organ of the Communist Party.
{Neio York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
LAWYERS COMMITTEE TO KEEP THE UNITED STATES OUT OF WAR
1. Cited as one of the fronts set up by the Communist Party after
the Stalin-Hitler Pact in order to agitate to keep America out
of the "imperialist war."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, V- 1^9.)
2. Cited as a Communist front with headquarters at 20 Vesey Street,
New York City, and organized "for the purpose of supporting
the Stalin-Hitler Pact.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 191^8, p. 272.)
LEAGUE AGAINST YELLOW JOURNALISM
1. Cited as a Communist enterprise in New England.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-Ainerican Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 146.)
LEAGUE FOR DEMOCRATIC CONTROL
1. "Lectures, study classes, schools, and 'progressive' organizations
were promoted, with Soviet Eussia the subject of glorification
and Marxian economics the subject of teaching. Among these
activities were. * * * The League for Democratic Control
72 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
[which] held forth at 16 Carver Street (Boston). William Z.
Foster, present-day (1937) titular leader of the Communist Party
in the United States, was a frequent speaker at various
gatherings."
{Massachusetts House Gommittee on TJn- American Activi-
ties^ Report^ 1938, p. 113.)
LEAGUE FOR MUTUAL AID
1. Cited as a Communist enterprise.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19 U, p. 7 6.)
LEAGUE FOR PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, V- 1^^-)
LEAGUE OF AMERICAN WRITERS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom ClarJc, letters to Loyalty Revieto
Board, released June 1, 191^8 and September 21, 1948.)
2. "The League of American Writers, founded under Communist
auspices in 1935 * * * jn 1939 * * * began openly to
follow the Communist Party line as dictated by the foreign
policy of the Soviet Union. * * * The overt activities of
the League of American Writers in the last 2 years leave little
doubt of its Communist control."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 2^,^ 191^2, pp. 7686 and 7686.)
3. "The League of American Writers is generally regarded as a Com-
munist subsidiary. Its policies, of course, always parallel those
of the Communist Party."
{State Department, quoted in a letter from Harold L. Ickes,
then Secretary of the Interior, to Robert Morss Lovett,
dated April 25, 19^1.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
January 3, 19Jfi, p. 9; June 25, 191^2, p. 19; and March 29,
19 U, p. 48.)
5. "The most naive spectator and quarter-witted participant of this
first AVriters' Congress [at which the League of American Writ-
ers was formed] could not have been deceived as to its Communist
revolutionary character. * * * The League of American
Writers carried on the work of the Congress, calling new Con-
gresses as often as Communist Party strategy demanded."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1945, pp. 121, 122, and 126.)
6. "In the Daily Worker of April 30, 1935, it is stated that another
organization was set up to be known as the League of American
Writers, membership limited to revolutionary writers."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 288.)
7. Cooperated with the Communist Party in the defense of Morris U.
Schappes, Communist teacher convicted of perjury.
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Report, 1942, p. 293.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 73
8. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Cominittee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 191^3, p, 3.)
LEAGUE OF STRUGGLE FOR NEGRO RIGHTS
1. "The Communist-front movement in the United States among
Negroes is known as the National Negro Congress. Practically
the same group of leaders directing this directed the League of
Struggle for Negro Rights, which was, until 2 years ago, the
name of the Communist front for Negroes. The name was later
changed * * * i^ 193G to the National Negro Congress."
(Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 81; also cited in Report, March 29, 191^,
p. 116.)
2. "Among the Communi&t-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as •'money-collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^.7, p. 1^5.)
3. Among the organizations "which were created or controlled by the
Communist Party or were a part of the United Front" witli the
Communist Party, and which supported the First United States
Congress Against War in 1932. The Communist Party's slogan.
Defend the Soviet Union, was "the first objective" of the
Congress.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. Ii.62 and Jf65.)
LEAGUE OF WOMEN SHOPPERS
1. "An organization which this committee found to be a Communist-
controlled front by indisputable documentary evidence obtained
from the files of the Communist Party in Philadelphia." The
original executive secretary of the League was Helen Kay, a
Communist Party member.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, pp. 121 and 181.)
2. Cited as one of "Communist-inspired and therefore Communist-
dominated and controlled" consumer organizations whose "chief
purpose was to create mass feminine support in labor disputes."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Rennrt.^
WltS, p. 100.)
LEAGUE OF WORKERS THEATRES
1. "This organization is strictly a Communist project and was openly
a section of the International Union of Revolutionary Theatres."
{California Com.mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 278.)
LEAGUE OF YOUNG SOUTHERNERS (See also Council of Young South-
erners)
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 334 and 336.)
74 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
LEO GALLAGHER TESTIMONIAL DINNER
1. "The Communist Party periodically stages rallies, banquets, fund
drives, and other celebrations in honor of important anniver-
saries of leading Communists. * * * Among the most sig-
nificant of such unquestionably Communist activities are the
testimonial banquets for such well-known Communists as Mother
Ella Eeeve Bloor and Leo Gallagher." A "typical" example is
the Leo Gallagher testimonial dinner.
(^California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re/port^
19./f8, p. 66.)
LINCOLN BOOK STORE, HOLLYWOOD
1. Cited as "the Hollywood Center for the dissemination of Com-
munist Party literature."
{California Committee on Un-Amencan Activities., Report^
191^7, p. 35.)
LITHUANIAN WOMEN'S CLUB (MASSACHUSETTS)
1. "Active in promoting Communist objectives."
{Massachusetts House Committee on TJn- American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 157.)
LOS ANGELES EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION. INC. (See People's Edu-
cational Center)
LOS ANGELES EMERGENCY COMMITTEE TO AID THE STRIKERS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It7, p. 55.)
LOS ANGELES YOUTH COMMITTEE AGAINST UNIVERSAL MILITARY
TRAINING
1. Cited as a Communist front, organized at a meeting on March 9,
1948, in Los Angeles.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 279 and 280.)
MACED0NIAN-A3IERICAN PEOPLE'S LEAGUE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 75^7, and September 21, 1948.)
MANHATTAN CITIZENS COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- 1^2.)
MARITIME BOOK SHOP
1. One of the principal book stores of the Communist Party m Cali-
fornia ; located at 15 Embarcadero, San Francisco.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
MARSHALL FOUNDATION (See Robert Marshall Foundation)
MARXIST STUDY CLUB OF THE CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
1. "Branch of the Young Communist League operating under an
alias." 7-, 7 Y
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Interim Report, December 1,
1941, p. 101.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 75
MARYLAND COMMITTEE FOR PEACE
1. Cited as "an organization which is an example of the deceit of the
Communist Party as to the true aims of organizations it has
created * * *. Within a month after the Maryland Com-
mittee for Peace was formed, over 34 persons it had duped into
being sponsors resigned."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist '■'•Peace'''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1051, original date, April 1, 1051, p. 54-)
MAY DAY PARADE (See also United May Day Committee, United May Day
Conference, United May Day Provisional Committee)
1. "The May Day Parade in New York City is an annual mobilization
of Communist strength."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
M arch 20, 19 U, p. 179.)
MEDICAL BUREAU AND NORTH AMERICAN COMMITTEE TO AID
SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly
into the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause,
recruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief or-
ganizations." Among these was the above.
{Special Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report^
March29,19U.p.S2.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report^
lOIfS, pp. 319, 335, arid 336.)
3. The International Workers Order, in its energetic aid to Leftist
Spanish armies, contributed money through the above.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
tives, Report, 1938, pp. 394 and 395.)
4. Cited as subversive and un-American.'
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 191^3, p. 3.^
MEMORIAL DAY YOUTH PEACE PARADE (1938)
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19 U, p. 83.)
METHODIST FEDERATION FOR SOCIAL SERVICE ^
1. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in
the field of i-elief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
problems of the unemployed and underprivileged. * * * ^
statement in the Methodist Federation for Social Service Bulletin
No. 8, 1932 * * * admits cooperation with * * * the
Communists."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
1948, pp. 73 and 246.)
^ Now known as Methodist Federation for Social Action. It is understood that this
organizational is not an official branch or organ of the Methodist Church, but an organiza-
tion wliicli adopted tlie name.
76 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
METROPOLITAN INTERFAITH AND INTERRACIAL COORDINATING
COUNCIL
1. The International Labor Defense and National Federation for
Constitutional Liberties, both Communist fronts devoted to
defending the Communist Party and its members, "recently com-
bined with" the above "and now operate under the name of the
Civil Rights Congress" which continues to defend Communists.
{California Com/mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 201 if.)
MEXICAN AND SPANISH-AMERICAN PEOPLES CONGRESS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{ISpecial Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
31 arch 29, 19 U, p. 102.)
MICHIGAN CIVIL RIGHTS FEDERATION
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which has been
succeeded by and now operates as the Michigan Chapter of the
Civil Rights Congress.
{Attorney General Tom ClarJc, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher Jf., 1947, June 1, 1948, and Sep-
tember 21, 1948.)
2. Cited as an affiliate of the Communist front, the National Federa-
tion for Constitutional Liberties.
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, p. 7687.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 83.)
4. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but ac-
tually intended to protect Communist subversion from any
penalties under the law."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1116, September 2, 1947, p. 3.)
5. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Coinmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 335.)
MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCI
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
MID-CENTURY CONFERENCE FOR PEACE
1. Cited as a meeting held in Chicago, May 29 and 30, 1950, by the
Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact and
as having been "aimed at assembling as many gullible persoiis
as possible under Communist direction and turning them inro
a vast sovmding board for Communist propaganda."
{Congressional Coynmittee on Un-Ainerican Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'■Peace'^^ Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 58.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGAXIZATIOXS AND PUBLICATIONS 77
MILK CONSUMERS PROTECTIVE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as an organization "of Communist complexion."
{New Yorh City Council Committee investigating the Munic-
ipal Civil Service C ommission.)
MINNEAPOLIS CIVIL RIGHTS COMMITTEE
1. Among a "maze of organizations"' -which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but ac-
tually intended to protect Communist subversion from any
penalties under the law."
{Congressional Co^nmittee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 1115, September 2^ l9Jf7^ p. 3.)
MINUTE WOMEN FOR PEACE
1. Cited as an organization which was formed by the Communists as
an attempt to convert women in the United States to their
"peace" program ; and as having been praised by Claudia Jones,
a Commiuiist leader, in the Worker, for launching a "peace
ballot"* distributed in and around Greater Boston.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 278, on the Communist '"^Peace"' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 7 If.)
MOBILIZATION FOR DEMOCRACY
1. "One of the largest, and certainly one of the most potentially jootent
front organizations created by California Communists" since
1945. "As an excuse for" its creation, the Communist Party
seized upon the appearance of Gerald L. K. Smith in Los Angeles.
It is "a Communist-inspired and dominated organization, care-
fully window-dressed and directed" and "engaged in inciting
riots, racial hatred, and disrespect for law and order." It is
one of the "key Communist fronts in California."
{California C omniittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WJfT, pp. i8, 62, and 3G9.)
MODEL YOUTH LEGISLATURE OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA (1939)
1. A "Communist transmission belt."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If7, p. 103.)
MODERN BOOK SHOP
1. Cited as one of the principal book stores of the Communist Party
in California ; located at 405 West De La Guerra Street, Santa
Barbara.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. %2h.)
MODERN CULTURE CLUB
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. 392.)
MODESTO DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist organization.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 9k.)
78 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
MOONEY DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Hollywood unit cited as a Communist front.
{California Comviittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
IMOTION PICTURE ARTISTS' COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front whose personnel "clearly indicates its
character,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 310.)
MOTION PICTURE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE (See Hollywood Motion
Picture Democratic Committeeo)
MURRAY DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, P- 102.)
2. A "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California C omniittee on U n- American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.)
MUSICIANS' COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front "organized for musicians" and "in
behalf of Spanish Communists."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 311 and 391.)
MUSICIANS' CONGRESS COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front organized early in 1944 "for the pur-
pose of 'involving' non-Communist musicians in Communist
activities." The headquarters was located in 1655 Cherokee
Street in Los Angeles; the Musicians' Congress was subsequently
held at the Roosevelt Hotel in Hollywood on February 1, 1944.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 310, 316, and 317.)
MUSICIANS' DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE
1, "In 1939 the Communist fraction in the Los Angeles Musicians'
Union, Local 47, organized a Communist front which became
known as the Musicians' Democratic Committee. It was desig-
nated the 'Hollywood Chapter' with headquarters at 1558 North
Vine Street in Hollywood. * * * The letterhead of the
organization stated that the group was 'affiliated with the Motion
Picture Democratic Committee.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 311.)
MUSICIANS' OPEN FORUM
1. A Communist-inspired front for musicians in Los Angeles * * *
active in 1943 and 1944."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 48, p. 318.)
NATIONAL ANTIWAR WEEK
1. Designated from March 31 to April 6, 1932, by the Central Com-
mittee of the Communist Party "for the defense of the Soviet
Union."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 12G.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 79
NATIONAL CIVIL RIGHTS FEDERATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ tieport^
March 29,191^,^.^8.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE AGAINST CENSORSHIP OF THE THEATRE ARTS
1. "Communists regard the infiltration, manipulation, and control of
artistic and cultural media as one of the indispensable phases of
their program of revolution." The above is "'typical" of Com-
munist-front organizations in this classification.
{California Committee on Un-Ameiican Activities. Report^
19/tS,p.62.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR PEOPLE'S RIGHTS
1. The National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners,
"substantially equivalent to International Labor Defense, legal
arm of the Communist Party," changed its name "in January
1938 to National Committee for People's Rights * * * no
substantial change was made in its set-up or functions."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September U, 19^2, p. 7686.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which succeeded the National Commit-
tee for the Defense of Political Prisoners. "The organization
under its new name remained entirely under the control of the
Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
June 25, 1942, p. 20; and March 29, 19U, pp. If.8 and 1S2.)
3. Among a "maze of organizations" which were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but actu-
ally intended to protect Communist subversion from any penal-
ties under the law."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 191^7, p. 3.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 61.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE DEFENSE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December Ji.-, 19^7, and September 21, 1948. )
2. "Substantially equivalent to International Labor Defense, legal
arm of the Communist Party * * * [It] caters to finan-
cially and socially prominent liberals * * * ^^e cases
selected for defense, so far as known, have without exception,
been those of Communists or cases publicized by the Communist
Party. * * * in January 1938 its name was changed to the
National Committee for People's Eights."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, p. 7686.)
84051°— 51-
80 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. Cited as a Communist front, together "witii its successor organiza-
tion, National Committee for People's Rights. The executive
secretary of the above was Joseph Gelclers, well-known Com-
munist.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Reports^
June 25, 191^2, p. 20; and March 29, 19U, pp. k8 and 182.)
4. Cited as a Communist-front organization defending Communists.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 112.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO ABOLISH THE POLL TAX
1. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money-collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. IfS.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO AID VICTIMS OF GERMAN FASCISM
1. Cited as a Communist front,
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 124.)
2. Among organizations, created or controlled by the Communist
Party or part of a united front with the party, which supported
the First United States Congress Against AVar. The congress
was o]Denly led by the Communists.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 462 and 466.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO DEFEAT THE MUNDT BILL
1. Cited as "a registered lobbying organization which has carried out
the objectives of the Communist Party in its fight against anti-
subversive legislation."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the National Committee To Defeat the Mundt Bill,
a Communist Lohhy, House Report No. 3248, January 2,
1951, originally released Decemher 7, 1950.)
NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO WIN THE PEACE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4-, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
2. "One of a group of Communist fronts designed to soften the foreign
policy of the United States in order to give Soviet Russia a free
hand in China and in Central Europe, * * * j|. ^^g \yQYn
in Washington, D. C, at the Win the Peace Conference held
there April 5, 6, and 7, 1946. * * * National headquarters
are located at 23 West Twenty-sixth Street, New York
City. * * *
"The Southern California Committee to Win the Peace became
inactive on June 17, 1947. In its final appeal, this branch re-
quested that its units go over as a body into the Progressive Citi-
zens of America."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Rep)ort,
1948. pp. 318 and 319.)
I
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 81
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AMERICAN POLICY IN CHINA AND THE
FAR EAST
1. Cited as Communist, and "a conference called by the Committee for
a Democratic Far Eastern Policy."
{Attorney General Tom Clark^ letter to Loyaltv Review
Board, released July 'Bo, 191^9.)
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL LIBERTIES
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Vn- American Activities, Report^
191^8, pp. 61 and 335.)
NATIONAL CONGRESS FOR UNEMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL INSURANCE
1. Cited as a Communist front, held January 5, 6, 7, 1935, in Wash-
ington, D. C, and headed by Herbert Benjamin, leading Com-
munist.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March £9, 19 U, PP- 91i. and 116.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in the
field of relief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
prolilems of the unemployed and underprivileged."
{California Covimittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
ms, p. 73.)
NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR PROTECTION OF FOREIGN-BORN WORKERS
1. "Communist-inspired."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 160.)
NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE FOREIGN-BORN
1. Cited as a Communist front, later known as the American Commit-
tee for Protection of Foreign- Born. "It devotes much of its
efforts to protecting foreign-born Communists. There is no
evidence or record where this organization, its successors, or
similar fronts ever attempted to protect a foreign-born anti-
Communist."
{California Committee 07i Un-American Activities, Report^
194S,p.321.)
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF AMERICANS OF CROATIAN DESCENT
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which "has
effected a change of name. The designation applies alike to the
new organization known as the Union of American Croatians."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released -June 1, 19.'i8, and September 21, 19Jf8,' and
Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, released September
11, 1950.)
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF AMERICAN-SOVIET FRIENDSHIP
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 19Ii.7, and September 21, 194^.)
2. "In recent months, the Communist Party's principal front for all
things Russian has been known as the National Council for
American-Soviet Friendship."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19U, p. 156.)
82 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. "The military alliance of the United States with Soviet Russia dur-
inji World War II made it necessary for American Communists
to discard its old vehicle, the Friends of the Soviet Union, and
to replace it with the new, streamlined National Council of
American-Soviet Friendship. * * *
"The Senate committee finds that the National Council of
American-Soviet Friendship * * * is a direct agent of the
Soviet Union, engaged in traitorous activities under the orders
of Stalin's consular service in the United States."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
19If8, pp. 321, 322, and 327.)
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CROATIAN WOMEN iSce Central Council of
American Women of Croatian Descent)
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF NEGRO YOUTH
1. Among Communist and Communist-front organizations which have
received funds from the American People's Fund, a "Communist
financial enterprise."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.l6S.) •
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF THE ARTS, SCIENCES, AND PROFESSIONS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
view of the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World
Peace arranged hy the National Council of the Arts,
Sciences, and Professions and held in New York City on
March 25, 26, and 27, 1949, House Report No. 1954, April
26, 1950 {originally released April 19, 19^9), p. 2.)
NATIONAL EMERGENCY COMMITTEE TO STOP LYNCHING
1. Cited as a Negro Communist-front organization, whose secretary
was Ferdinand C. Smith, high in the circles of the Communist
Party.
{Special Committee on Un-Aijierican Activities, Report,
March 29,1944, p. ISO.)
NATIONAL EMERGENCY CONFERENCE
. 1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 44, p. 49.) _
2. "It will be remembered that during the days of the infamous Soviet-
Nazi pact, the Communists built protective organizations known
as the National Emergency Conference, the National Emergency
Conference for Democratic Hights, which culminated in the Na-
tional Federation for Constitutional Liberties."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 1947, p. 12.)
8. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 115.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 83
NATIONAL EMERGENCY CONFERENCE AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT
WAGE PROGRAM
1. The name oi a conference held in Washington, D. C., in 1935, by
the Communist Party, and all of the leaders of which were well-
known members of the Communist Party.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.263.)
NATIONAL EMERGENCY CONFERENCE FOR DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, VV- ^ «^^ -^^^O
2. "It will be remembered that during the clays of the infamous Soviet-
Nazi pact, the Communists built protective organizations known
as the National Emergency Conference, the National Emergency
Conference for Democratic Rights, which culminated in the
National Federation for Constitutional Liberties."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 1947, p. 12.)
3. Cited as a Communist-front organization defending Communists,
"After the dissolution of the American League for Peace and
Democracy in February 1940, the Communist Party frantically
organized a new series of front organizations. The National
Emergency Conference for Democratic Rights was one of the
new fronts and it was filled from top to bottom with veteran
Communist Party liners."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19 48, pp. 112 and 327.)
4. Cited as subversive and un-American.
{Special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appro-
priations, Report, April 21, 1943, p. 3.)
NATIONAL FEDERATION FOR CONSTITUTIONAL LIBERTIES
1. Cited as subversive and Communisc.
{jh-ttorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
2. ''Part of what Lenin called the solar system of organizations, os-
tensibly having no connection with the Communist Party, by
which Communists attempt to create sympathizers and sup-
porters of their program. * * * [It] was established as a
result of a conference on constitutional liberties held in Wash-
ington, D. C, June 7-9, 1940. * * * The defense of Com-
munist leaders such as Sam Darcy and Robert Wood, party
secretaries for Pennsylvania and Oklahoma, have been major
efforts of the federation."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24., 194-2, p. 7687.)
3. "There can be no reasonable doubt about the fact that the National
Federation for Constitutional Liberties — regardless of its high-
sounding name— is one of the viciously subversive organizations
of the Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 50; also cited in Reports. June 25, 1942,
p. 20; and January 2, 1943, pp. 9 and 12.)
84 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
4. Among a "maze of organizations" wliicli were "spawned for the
alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general but ac-
tually intended to protect Communist subversion from any
penalties under the law."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 1115, Septemher 2, 19^7, p. 3.)
5. "One of the most important Communist-front organizations in the
United States. While following the Communist Party line me-
ticulously the organization has been helpful to Communists who
wish to evade and defy Government agencies investigating sub-
versive activities." It "recently" combined with International
Labor Defense and the Metropolitan Interfaith and Interracial
Coordinating Council of New York to form the Civil Rights
Congress.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 201 and 327.)
NATIONAL FREE BROWDER CONGRESS
1. Cited as a Communist front which arranged to meet March 28-29,
1942. Earl Browder was general secretary of the Communist
Party, U. S. A., who had been convicted and sentenced to Atlanta
Federal Penitentiary for passport fraud.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.^
March 29, 19 U, pp. 69, 87, and 132.)
2. Cited as typical of "Communist created and controlled front or-
ganizations" in the category of "defense committees created to
raise funds for Communists, fellow travelers, and Marxist apolo-
gists who become involved in arrests, prosecutions, and investiga-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
194B, p. 34.)
NATIONAL HUNGER MARCH TO WASHINGTON
1. Cited as a Communist created and controlled front.
{California Co??imittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.)
2. "In 1931 the (Communist) Party organized the first national hunger
march * * * with elaborate planning and schedules worthy
of and resembling military mobilization =;= * * j^ jg gyident
that the Communists were more interested in overturning exist-
ing labor union leadership, in creating mass class hatred, in 'ex-
posing' all but their own leadership, than they were in genuine
economic improvement for the unemployed."
{M assachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities
Report, 1938, p. 121.)
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND LETTERS
1. A "Communist front for writers, artists, and musicians."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 330.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 85
NATIONAL JOINT ACTION COMMITTEE FOR GENUINE SOCIAL
INSURANCE
1. "Among the more conspicuous fronts for Communist activity in the
field of relief, assistance, and welfare work, and dealing with
problems of the unemployed and underprivileged."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 73.)
NATIONAL LABOR COMMITTEE AGAINST WAR
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948,p.3Jf2.)
NATIONAL LABOR CONFERENCE FOR PEACE (Suite 905, 179 West Wash-
ington Street, Chicago, 111.)
1. Cited as having been organized with the aid of Communist -con-
trolled unions and Communist labor figures with "the ofHcial
stamp of the Communist Party" as evidenced by articles in the
Daily Worker and the Daily Peoples' World.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist '"''Peace'"' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 64-)
NATIONAL LAWYERS' GUILD
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 149.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which "is the foremost legal bulwark
of the Communist Party, its front organizations, and controlled
unions" and which "since its inception has never failed to rally
to the legal defense of the Communist Party and individual
members thereof, including known espionage agents."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the National Laxoyers Guild, House Report No.
3123, September 21, 1950 {originally released September
17, 1950).)
3. It "came into being early in 1937" and "on June 5, 1940, A. A. Berle,
Jr., Assistant Secretary of State, resigned from the National
Lawyers" Guild, charging that the leadership of the organization
is not prepared 'to take any stand which conflicts with the Com-
munist Party line.' " Cited by the committee as a "Communist
front for attorneys."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
1943,p.98;1947,p.48.)
4. "The late Frank P. Walsh, Comptroller Joseph D. McGoldrick,
Judge Ferdinand Pecora, Hon. Adolph Berle, Assistant Secre-
tary of State; Nathan Margold, Solicitor to the Department of
the Interior, and others have resigned from the organization on
the ground that it is Communist-dominated."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Munic-
ipal Civil Service Commission.)
86 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
NATIONAL NEGRO CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh^ letters to Loyalty Review
Boards released December 4, 19Ji7^ and SejJtember 21^ 1948.)
2. A. Phillip Randolph, president of the Congress since its inception
in 1936, refused to run again in April 1940 "on the ground that
it was 'deliberately packed with Communists and Congress of
Industrial Organizations members who were either Communists
or sympathizers with Communists.'
"Commencing with its formation in 1936, Communist Party
functionaries and 'fellow travelers' have figured prominently in
the leadership and affairs of the Congress * * * according
to A. Phillip Randolph, John P. Davis, secretary of the congress,
has admitted that the Communist Party contributed $100 a
month to its support.
"From the record of its activities and the composition of its
governing bodies, there can be little doubt that it has served as
what James W. Ford, Communist Vice Presidential candidate
elected to the executive committee in 1937, predicted : 'An impor-
tant sector of the democratic front,' sponsored and supported by
the Communist Party.'^
' (Attorney General Francis Biddle., Congressional Record,
8ej)tember U, 191^2, jyp. 7687 and 7688.) _
3. "The Communist-front movement in the United States among
Negroes is known as the National Negro Congress. * * * The
officers of the National Negro Congress are outspoken Communist
sympathizers, and a majority of those on the executive board
are outright Communists."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities.^ Report.^
January 3, 1939^ p. 81; also cited, Reports, Jajiuary 3, 191^0,
p. 9; June 26, 191^2, p. 20; and March 29, 19U, P- ISO.)
4. A "Communist-dominated mass organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 230.)
5. William Z, Foster, chairman of the Communist Party, U. S. A.,
stated that the role of his party was "one of central importance
in the organization of the great united front National Negro
Congress in Chicago, February 1936."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 298.)
NATIONAL NEGRO WOIMEN'S COUNCIL
1. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they pretend
to champion."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf7, p. JfS.)
NATIONAL PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE AGAINST HEARST
1. A "subsidiary" organization of the American League for Peace and
Democracy.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
June 25, 19^3, p. 16.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 87
2. Cited as a Commimist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
1948, pp. 157 and 333.)
NATIONAL RECEPTION COMMITTEE TO THE RUSSIAN DELEGATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. UT.) )
NATIONAL RIGHT-TO-WORK CONGRESS
1. "Among the Communist-front organizations in the fields of poli-
tics and legislation."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 63.)
NATIONAL STUDENT LEAGUE
1. A "front organization of the Communist Party."
{Attorney General Francis Bicldle. in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 19 Jf, p. 10.)
2. The Communists' front organization for students, about which
Earl Browder, former general secretary of the Communist
Party, said, "From the beginning it has been clearly revolution-
ary in its program and activities."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report
March 29. 1944i V- ^^^>' <^^'^^ cited in Report, January 3,
1939, p. 80.)
3. A "well-known Communist front."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^3, p. 99.)
4. "The Communist Party has sought to win masses of student youth
to the party's objectives. Particular efforts have been
made * * * to organize college students into a revolution-
ary organization. For this purpose the National Students
League was created. * * * Xhe main office of the National
Students League (since merged with the American Student
Union) was shared with the Red Sports Union in New York,
an avowed Communist organization, and upon the walls ap-
peared the Soviet emblem of hammer and sickle."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 135 and 527.)
5. "A mass revolutionary student organization."
{Report filed with Wisconsin Committee on the Investiga-
tion of Charges of Communistic Teachings and Other
Subversive Activities, Wisconsin State Senate Journal,
September 21, 1935, p. 21^15.)
6. A "Communist student front."
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Interim Report, December 1,
mi, p. U-)
NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT COUNCILS (See also Unemployed Councils)
1. Merged with the National Unemployed League and Workers Alli-
ance to form the Workers Alliance of America, a Communist-
front organization.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
m8, p. 383.)
88 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
NATIONAL YOUTH ASSEMBLY AGAINST UNIVERSAL MILITARY
TRAINING
1. "This is not a sincere pacifist group opposed to war. It is a Stalinist
front to keep the United States militarily weak so that Russia
will be free for its conquest of Europe and Asia, and eventually,
for the conquest of the Western Hemisphere. It functions pre-
cisely, and for the same purpose, as did the American Peace
Mobilization during the Stalin-Hitler pact."
The assembly was called for Washington, D. C, February 15-
16, 1948. "Harold Orr, left-wing president of the Communist-
dominated Los Angeles Teachers Union of A. F. of L., carried
the floor fight to gag John Broy, organizer for the Textile Work-
ers, C. I. O., from proposing his measure to ban Communists and
fellow travelers from the organization. Arnold Schimberg of
the Communist American Youth for Democracy publicly de-
fended the organization's position in including Communists in
the new organization."
(California Cominittee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
19Jt8, pp. 338-3 Ifi.)
NATIONALIST PARTY OF PUERTO RICO
1. Cited as an organization which seeks "to alter the form of govern-
ment of the United States by unconstitutional means."
(Attorney General Tom Clark.^ letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1049.)
NATURE FRIENDS OF AMERICA (since 1935)
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board,^ released December Ij., 1047, and Sejytemher 21, lOIfS.)
2. A "creation of the Communist Party" and "another method of re-
cruiting Communist support by means of outdoor activities."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1038, p.. IfOI^.)
NEGRO CULTURAL COMMITTEE
1. "Among the Communist-front organizations for racial agitation"
which also serve as "money-collecting media" and "as special
political organizing centers for the racial minority they j)re-
tend to champion."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If7, p. 45.)
NEGRO LABOR VICTORY COMMITTEE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released June 1, 10J/.8, and September 21, 19^8.)
2. Cited as a Communist-front organization whose chairman is Fer-
dinand C. Smith, "high in the circles of * * * the Commu-
nist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, VV- ^'^^ and ISO.)
3. "Among the more conspicuous Communist-front groups in the ra-
cial * * * subclassification."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 76.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 89
NEGRO PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,,
March 29, 19U, V- 1^0.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
NEWARK PEACE ACTION COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Conitnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- 156.)
NEW CENTURY PUBLISHERS
1. "An official Communist Party publishing house, which has pub-
lished the works of William Z. Foster and Eugene Dennis, Com-
munist Party chairman and executive secretary, respectively, as
well as the theoretical magazine of the party known as Political
Affairs and the Constitution of the Communist Party, U. S. A."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 191^8, pp. 7 and 35.)
2. "The largest of the Communist publishing firms. It is located at
832 Broadway, New York City. It was incorporated December
8, 1944, with a capital stock of $20,000."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 211)
NEW COMMITTEE FOR PUBLICATIONS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
NEW DANCE LEAGUE
1. "Communist regard the infiltration, manipulation, and control of
artistic and cultural media as one of the indispensable phases of
their program of revolution. * * * Typical of Communist-
front organizations in this classification" is the above.
{California Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
1948, p. 52.)
NEW ENGLAND COMMITTEE FOR THE DEFENSE OF POLITICAL
PRISONERS
1. A unit of the national committee of like name, operated from 11
Beacon Street, Boston. The national group "is operated by
Comm.unists, Communist supporters. Socialists, and a sprinkling
of 'liberals.' " ^
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. I40.)
NEW ENGLAND COUNCIL FOR PROTECTION OF FOREIGN BORN
1. Cited as among leagues, committees, and councils set up by the
Communist Party for protection of the foreign-born.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 12 4.)
90 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
NEW ENGLAND LABOR COLLEGE
1. Cited as amono- "active Communist groups and schools'' conducted
at the Labor Lyceum, 453 Broadway, Chelsea, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 193S, p. 158.)
NEW ENGLAND LABOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
1. "In New York the Communist Party prints labor notes, economic
notes, etc., under the imprint of Labor Research Association.
There was set up in Massachusetts the New England Labor Re-
search Association patterned after that in New York."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 283.)
NEW THEATRE GROUP, BOSTON
1. Cited as an activity of the Communist Party.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. %7J^.)
NEW THEATRE LEAGUE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19 U. pp. 120, 171, and 177.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 62.)
NEW THEATRE PLAYERS
1. Sponsored by the American League Against War and Fascism in
Clifford Odets' play, Waiting for Lefty, at Brattle Hall in Cam-
bridge, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 477.)
NEW UNION PRESS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 336.)
NEW YORK CONFERENCE FOR INALIENABLE RIGHTS
1. Cited as a Communist front. It called a conference on February
14, 1941, at Mecca Temple, New York City, "to attack anti-
sabotage legislation and the Rapp-Coudert Committee investi-
gating subversive activities in the New York public-school
system."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 149.)
NEW YORK CONFERENCE ON CIVIL RIGHTS
1. Former name for the Civil Rights Congress of New York._ _
{Congressional Committee on Un-A^nerican Activities, Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 1947, p. 9.)
NEW YORK PEACE ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194s, pp. 336 and 342.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 91
NEW YORK STATE CONFERENCE ON LEGISLATION FOR DEMOCRACY
1. Title of a conference held February 14, 19-il, at Mecca Temple, New
York City, under the auspices of the New York Conference
for Inalienable Rights in order to "attack antisabotage legisla-
tion and the Rapp-Coudert Committee investigating svibversive
activities in the New York public school system."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
March W, 19U, p. 149.)
2. "An organization which was engaged in attacking the defense pro-
gram of the Government of the United States, under the guise
of protecting civil liberties, the rights of labor, and the health
and welfare of the people."
(Neiv York City Council Cominittee investigating the
Municipal Civil Service C ommission. )
NEW YORK STATE CONFERENCE ON NATIONAL UNITY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March29,19U^p.l33.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 334.)
NEW YORK TOM MOONEY COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front. "For many years, the Communist
Party organized widespread agitation around the Mooney case,
and drew its members and followers into the agitation."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 154-)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{Caliiornia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 147.)
NEW YORK TRADE UNION COMMITTEE TO FREE EARL BROWDER
1. Cited as among the projects and campaigns of the Communist
Partv. Browder was general secretary of the Communist Party,
u.s:a. ■^'
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 1^6.)
NON-PARTISAN COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF VITO
MARCANTONIO
1. Cited as a Communist front,
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, V- l^^-)
2. A "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 34.) ^
3. Cited as an organization "of Communist complexion."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Munici-
pal Civil Service Commission.)
NON-PARTISAN LABOR DEFENSE
1. A "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 34.)
92 SUBVERSIVE ORGAXIZATIOXS AXD PUBLICATIONS
NON-SECTARIAN COMMITTEE FOR POLITICAL REFUGEES
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
March 29, 19U, V- 152.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous Communist front groups in the
Racial, Refugee, and Alien subclassification."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 75.)
NORTH AMERICAN COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney/ General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 19^9.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Reports,
January 3, 191fi, p. 9; and March 29, 19 U, p. 11^6.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-Ajnerican Activities, Report,
19Ii8, p. 310.)
4. Received funds raised by the Communist Party of Massachusetts
and the International Workers Order. Printed material from
the above was sold over the counters of the Communist book-
shops in Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 395, 562, and 563.)
NORTH AMERICAN SPANISH AID COMMITTEE
1. Cited as Communist. •
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released April 27, 191^9.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report No.
1311, March 29, 19U, VV- ^2, llfO, and 180.)
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CIVIL RIGHTS COUNCIL (5ee Civil Rights
Council of Northern California)
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA COMMITTEE FOR PEACEFUL ALTERNATIVES
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as participating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'•Peace''' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 52.)
OHIO SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
1. Cited as an adjunct of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December Jf., 19^7.)
OKLAHOMA COMMITTEE TO DEFEND POLITICAL PRISONERS
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio.
Board, released April 27, 19 49.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 93
2. "The NCDPP (National Committee to Defend Political Prison-
gj.g^ * * * organized the Oklahoma Committee To Defend
Political Prisoners; and solicited funds and sought to obtain as
much Nation-wide publicity as possible on behalf of Robert
Wood, Oklahoma State secretary of the Communist Party, and
his Communist codefendants in the recent syndicalism trials m
that State."
{Atto7'ney General Francis Biddle^ Congressional Record^
September 21^, 19 1^, V- 7666.)
OKLAHOMA FEDERATION FOR CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS
1. Affiliate of the National Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
{Attorney General Francis Biddle^ Congressional Recoid.,
Septeniher 2k, 1H2, p. 7687.)
OPEN LETTER FOR CLOSER COOPERATION WITH THE SOVIET UNION
1, A group of Communist Party stooges issued an open letter bearing
the title given above.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.,
J line 25, 191^2, p. 21.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19Jf8,p.65.)
OPEN LETTER IN DEFENSE OF HARRY BRIDGES
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Rpport.
March 29, 19U, VV- ^7', 112, 129, 166.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
191^8, p. 381.)
OPEN LETTER TO AMERICAN LIBERALS
1. 'Tn March 1937 a group of well-known Communists and Commu-
nist colhiborators published an open letter bearing the title given
above. The letter was a defense of the Moscow purge trials."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
June 25, 19^2, p. 21.)
2. Cited as a Communist letter.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 324.) ' / )
OPEN ROAD
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort.
19^8, p. 341.) ^ '
PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABOR SCHOOL (Seattle, Wash.) (See also Seattle
Labor School)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General J. Hoioard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
94 SUBVEESrVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
PACIFIC PUBLISHING FOUNDATION, INC.
1. Publishers in San Francisco of the People's Daily World, "the
west coast mouthpiece of the Communist Party."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report.
1948, p. 3Jf2.)
PALO ALTO PEACE CLUB
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as participating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front.
(C ongres.sional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the C ommunist '"''Peace'' Ofen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 52.)
PARTIDO DEL PUEBLO OF PANAMA (operating in the Canal Zone)
1. The Connnunist Party of Panama and an organization which seeks
"to alter the form of government of the United States by uncon-
stitutional means.'"
(Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Revieio Board, released Septeinber 11, 1950.)
PAX PRODUCTIONS
1. "This Communist organization poses as the 'producers of progres-
sive radio transcriptions for use by unions and liberal organiza-
tions.' "
{California Committee on Uii-Ainerican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 341.)
PEACE INFORMATION CENTER (799 Broadway, New York, N. Y.)
1. Cited as an organization which was described in the Worker, of
June 11, 1950, by the Communist Party's Peace Connnittee as
one that was making available the Stockholm peace petition.
On February 9, 1951, this organization and five of its officers
were indicted by a Federal grand jury for failure to register
under the Foreign Agents Eegistration Act.
{Congressional C ommittee on Un-American Activities, state-
ment issued on the March of Treason, February 19, 1951 ;
and House Rejyort No. 378, on the Communist ^'■Peace^''
Offensive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951,
V' 42-)
PEN AND HAMMER CLUB
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
PEOPLE'S ARTISTS, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
PEOPLE'S CHORUS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 95
PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Comviittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
1948, p. 3 IS.)
PEOPLE'S CONGRESS FOR PEACE AND DEMOCRACY
1. The above, "meeting in Pittsburgh in November 1937, spawned the
American League for Peace and Democracy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19If8, p. 150.)
PEOPLE'S EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION (See People's Educational Center)
PEOPLES EDUCATIONAL AND PRESS ASSOCIATION OF TEXAS
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which seeks "to
alter the form of government of the United States by unconsti-
tutional means."
{Attorney General J. Hoioard McOrath, letter to Loyaltij
Reviexo Board, released Septem.her 11, 1950.)
PEOPLE'S EDUCATIONAL CENTER (Incorporated under name Los Angeles
Educational Association, Inc., also known as People's University, People's
School, and People s Educational Association)
1. Cited as a Communist and subversive.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Reviexo
Board, released June 1, 19Jf8, and September 21, 1948.)
2. "An expanded Communist Party institution for the purpose of dis-
seminating Communist propaganda. * * * Out of the mouth
of the Communist director of the Communist Los Angeles Work-
ers' School is a positive statement to the effect that the Com-
munist Workers' School helped organize the People's Educa-
tional Center as the organization v/hich would carry on its
activities. * * * The People's Educational Center was pre-
sented with the Communist Library of the Workers' School."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, pp. 67,70, and 369.)
PEOPLE'S INSTITUTE OF APPLIED RELIGION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
PEOPLE'S ORCHESTRA
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Co7nmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
PEOPLE'S PEACE
1. Cited as a Communist front which came into being early in 1947 and
which "follows the Communist line as laid down in the People's
Daily World and other Communist publications" and "opposes
the Truman doctrine for aid to Greece and Turkey and propa-
gandizes for appeasement of Russia."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
1948, p. 350.) ^ '
84051°— 51-
96 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
PEOPLE'S RADIO FOUNDATION, INC.
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General To7n Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Boards released December 4, 1947, and September 21, 19^8.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19JiS,p.392.)
PEOPLE'S SCHOOL (See People's Educational Center)
PEOPLE'S SONGS
1. Cited as a Communist front which was incorporated January 31,
1946, in New York City. "All of the productions of People's
Songs, Inc., follow the Communist Party line as assiduously as
do the people behind the organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191(8, p. 392.")
PEOPLE'S UNIVERSITY (See People's Educational Center)
PERMANENT COMMITTEE OF THE WORLD PEACE CONGRESS
1. Cited as having been established as a result of the World Congress
of Partisans of Peace (World Peace Congress), a part of the
Communist "peace" drive.
{Congressional Committee on Un-Americayi Activities,
House Report No. 378, on the Communist ''"Peace'"' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 20.)
PETITIONS TO GRANT PARDONS TO McNAMARA AND SMITH
1. Cited as a Communist created and controlled front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194S, p. 3i.)
PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND ART
1. Cited as an adjunct of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4-, 1947.)
PHOTO LEAGUE
1. Cited as a subversive, Communist organization in New York City.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, -released December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
POLONIA SOCIETY OF THE IWO
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
POLSKA PARTJA KOMUNISTYZNA
1. Polska Partja Komunistyzna (Polish Communist Party) is
among "foreign-language Marxist groups" serving as satellites
to the Communist Party of Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
tiesy Report, 1938, p. 154.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 97
PRESTES DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. A "Communist organization * * * defending Luiz Carlos
Prestes, leading Brazilian Communist and former member of the
executive committee of the Communist International."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- 1^^-)
PROGRESSIVE BOOK SHOP, BOSTON
1. Cited as a Communist book shop located at 8 Beach Street, Boston,
Massachusetts.
[Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 43.)
PROGRESSIVE BOOK SHOP, LOS ANGELES AND SACRAMENTO
1. Among the "principal book stores of the Communist Party in Cali-
fornia." Located at 722 West Sixth Street, Los Angeles, and
1002 Seventh Street, Sacramento.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 is, p. 22 Jf.)
PROGRESSIVE CITIZENS OF AMERICA
1. Cited as a "new and broader Communist front for the entire United
States" formed in September 1946 at the direction of "Commu-
nist steering committees" from the "Communist-dominated
National Citizens Political Action Committee" and the Inde-
pendent Citizens Committee of. the Arts, Sciences, and Profes-
sions.
{California Com7nittee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
19/^7, p. 369, and 19^8, p. 35 h.)
PROGRESSIVE COMMITTEE TO REBUILD AMERICAN LABOR PARTY
1. "The Communist wing of the American Labor Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, pp. 102 and 127.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^7, p. 210.)
3. "Communist faction" of the American Labor Party of New York.
"Leaders denounced as Communists by members of the State
executive committee of their own party."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
PROGRESSIVE GERMAN- AMERICANS' (also known as Progressive German-
Americans of Chicago)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released April 27, 19.1^9.)
PROGRESSIVE LABOR SCHOOL, BOSTON
1. Cited as an organization "allied to" and "subordinate" to the Com-
munist Party of Massachusetts. It was formerly known as the
Workers School.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 5.^ and 27 4. )
98 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
PROGRESSIVE TRADE UNION SCHOOL
1. "In the spring of 1937 the Communists announced special classes in
Worcester (Mass.) under the guise of a trade-union school."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Actim-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 232.)
PROGRESSIVE WOMEN'S COUNCIL
1. "An outright affiliate of the Communist Party.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- ^53.)
2. A "'well known Communist Part}^ 'transmission belt.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p, 103.)
PROLETARIAN PARTY OF AMERICA
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 19^7, and September "21, 1948.)
2. A "pseudonym for the Communist Party."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 130.)
PROMPT PRESS
1. "Prints the bulk of the literature issued by the Communist Party
and its affiliates and is reliably known to be owned by the Com-
munist Party."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 191^2, p. 7685.)
2. "Communist printing organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 196.)
PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE FOR DEINIOCRACY IN RADIO
1. Cited as a Communist front. _ . .
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
PROVISIONAL INTERNATIONAL TRADE UNION COMMITTEE OF NEGRO
WORKERS
1. "The international Communist movement among Negroes through-
out the world is known as the Provisional International Trade
Union Committee of Negro Workers. This is a section of the
Red International of Labor Unions, which is a part of the Third
(Communist) International which directs the activities of Com-
munist movements in labor unions." _ _
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 81.)
PUBLIC USE OF ARTS C0M3IITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front which was organized by the Com-
munist-controlled Artists Union. _ _
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- H^-) „ -, . .
2 Cited as a Communist created and controlled front organization.
(California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 34 and 381.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 99
REFUGEE SCHOLARSHIP AND PEACE CAMPAIGN
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Oominittee on Un-American Activities^ tieport^
March 29, 19U, p. 87.)
2. A subsidiary group organized by the American League for Peace
and Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.,
19Jf8, p. 151.)
REICHSTAG FIRE TRIAL ANNIVERSARY COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front which was formed in December, 1943,
by prominent Communists and Communist sympathizers to
honor Georgi Dimitrov, former head of the Communist Inter-
national.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report.,
March 29, 19U, pp. 112 and 156.)
2. Cited as a Communist created and controlled front organization.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 3Jf.)
REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS LEAGUE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Atto7mey General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 19It.7, and Septemher 21, 1948.)
REVOLUTIONARY WRITERS FEDERATION
1. "American section of the Soviet International Union of Revolu-
tionary Writers, or the International Bureau of Kevolutionary
Literature."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 4U.)
ROBERT MARSHALL FOUNDATION
1. "This fund of more than a million dollars, which originated with
the rich man's son whose name it bears, has been one of the prin-
cipal sources for the money with which to finance the Communist
Party's fronts generally in recent years."
{Special CommAttee on Un-American Activities. Report.
March 29, 19U, p. 50.)
ROBOTNIK POLSKI (POLISH LABOR)
1. Cited as a foreign-language Marxist group serving as a satellite of
the Communist Party of Massachusetts.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties. Report, 1938, p. 154.)
ROMANIAN-AMERICAN FRATERNAL SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
100 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
RUSSIAN AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL CORP.
1. An organization active in 1922 whose purpose was the operation of
the textile and clothing industry in Russia. It "had a political
as well as a business interest in the Bolshevik revolution." It
"was eventually a complete flop."
{Special Gommittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
March W, 19U, VV- ^Jf and 76.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
191^8, p. 65.)
RUSSIAN RECONSTRUCTION FARMS, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist enterprise which was directed by Harold
Ware, son of the well-known Communist Ella Reeve Bloor. It
received funds from the Garland Fund.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 76.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-Ameiican Activities. Report.
194S,p.S57.)
SAMUEL ADAMS SCHOOL
1. Cited as an adjunct, in Boston, Mass., of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher Jf, 19Jf.7.)
SAN FRANCISCO LABOR CONFERENCE FOR PEACE
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as participating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front.
( Congressional C ommittee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '■''Peace'''' Offensive,
April 26, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 52.)
SCHAPPES DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 19^9.)
2. "A front organization with a strictly Communist objective, namely,
the defense of a self-admitted Communist who was convicted
of perjury in the courts of New York." Morris U. Schappes
"was on the teaching staff of the College of the City of New York
for a period of 13 years. In 1936 his superior on the college
faculty refused to recommend him for reappointment. This ac-
tion led to prolonged agitation by the Communist Party."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 71.)
3. Among typical front organizations for the defense, honor, or sup-
port of known Communists.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Ii8,p.55.)
SCHNEIDERMAN-DARCY DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 101
2. Defended Schneiderman and Darcy, both Communist organizers.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19U, p. 95.)
3. Cited as a Communist front "created early in 1940 for the defense
of William Schneiderman, California State secretary of the
Communist Party, and Sam Darcy, the former district organizer
of the Communist Party in California."
{California Cominittee on Un-American Activities. Reports,
19 1(3, p. 97; 19Jf8, p. 368.)
SCHOOL FOR DEMOCRACY
1. "In 1941, the Communists established a school in New York City
which was known as the School for Democracy (now merged
with the Workers School into the Jefferson School of Social
Science)." The above "was established by Communist teachers
ousted from the public school system of New York City."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, VV- 89 and 168.)
2. Cited as an educational institution controlled by the Communist
Party.
{California Cominittee on- Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 269.)
SCHOOL OF JEWISH STUDIES
1. Cited as an adjunct in New York City of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 1947.)
SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL CONFERENCE FOR WORLD PEACE
1. Cited as a Communist front which "was actually a supermobiliza-
tion of the inveterate wheelhorses and supporters of the Com-
munist Party and its auxiliary organizations."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
view of the Scientiiic and Cultural Conference for World
Peace at^anged hy the National Council of the Arts,
Sciences, and Professions and held in Neio York City on
March 25, 26, and 27, 1949, House Report No. 1954, April
26, 1950 {originally released April 19, 1949) ; and House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '•'■Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 11.)
SCOTTSBORO DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
January 3, 1939, p. 82; and March 29, 1944, V- 1'^'^-)
2. Cited as a Communist created and controlled front organization.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 34.)
3. A "United front under the guidance of the Communist Party."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 213.)
102 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
SEATTLE LABOR SCHOOL
1. Cited as an "adjunct of the Communist Party."
{Attorney General Tom Clark^ letter to Loyalty Review
Boards released December 4, 19It7.)
2. "In the network of Commmiist schools is another Pacific coast
institution, the Seattle Labor School."
{California Cominittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. 64.)
SECOND ANNUAL CALIFORNIA MODEL LEGISLATURE
1. "A Communist-inspired youth movement" held in Sacramento.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 91.)
SECOND WORLD CONGRESS OF THE DEFENDERS OF PEACE (See Second
World Peace Congress)
SECOND WORLD CONGRESS OF THE PARTISANS OF PEACE (See Second
World Peace Congress)
SECOND WORLD PEACE CONGRESS (also known as the Second World
Congress of the Partisans of Peace and the Second World Congress of the
Defenders of Peace.' See also Vv'orld Peace Council.)
1. Cited as an "arena in ^Yhich Conununists and their fellow travelers
vied with each other in vilifying democratic nations, particu-
larly the United States, and glorifying Communist dictator-
ship" ; and as having been described by I3ritish Prime Minister
Clement Attlee as a "bogus forum of peace with tlie real aim of
sabotaging national [British] defense."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'Feace'^'' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, pp. 36 and 37.)
SECOND WORLD STUDENT CONGRESS, August 14-23, 1950, Prague, Czech-
oslovakia
1. Cited as having met under the auspices and direction of the Interna-
tional Union of Students, and which was addressed by Com-
munist leaders of the World Peace Congress, which was also
meeting in Prague at the time.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Commmiist '•'Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 79.)
SERBIAN-AMERICAN FRATERNAL SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
SERBIAN VID0VDAN COUNCIL
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh., letters to Loyalty Review
Boards released June 1^ 1948 and September 21, 1948.)
1 Originally to have been held in Sheffield, England, November 13-19, 1950, but upon
denial of visas to many delegates by the British Goverumeut, was held iu Warsaw, Poland,
November 16-22, 1950.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 103
SIMON J. LUBIN SOCIETY
1. A Communist front for California agrarian penetration, organized
in the fall of 1936 by Unit 104 of the Professional Section of the
Communist Party. "It became the channel through which the
Communist Party conducts its fight against the farming in-
dustry."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.,
19Jf3, p. 86.)
SLAVIC COUNCIL OF LOS ANGELES
1. "This Communist front follows the current Communist Party line
in propagandizing to keep America weak and to build the pres-
tige of the Soviet Union and its Slavic satellites."
{California Gominittee on Vn- American Activities., Report.^
19Ii8, p. 37 h-)
SLEEPY LAGOON DEFENSE COMMITTEE
1. Cited as "among the Communist-front organizations for racial agi-
tation" which also serve as "money collecting media" and "as
special political organizing centers for the racial minority they
pretend to champion." When 17 Mexican youths were con-
victed for murder or criminal assault after a disturbance at
Sleepy Lagoon near Los Angeles in August 1942, the Communist
Party "had a new cause celebre" which "was used by Commu-
nist Party steering committees to feed the racial agitation and
antagonism created by the 'zoot-suit' riots."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.
19Jf7,p.It.6; 191^5, pp. 174 and 195.)
SLOVAK WORKERS SOCIETY
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Hoioard McGrath^ letter to Loyalty
Revieto Boards released September 11, 1950.)
SLOVENE NATIONAL CONGRESS
1. Cited as among the Communist fronts set up for the support and
praise of Communist-dominated nations and Communist Par-
ties in other lands.
{California Committee on U71- American Activities, Report,
19JiB,p.66.)
SLOVENIAN- AMERICAN NATIONAL COUNCIL
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 19^8, and September 21, 19^8.)
SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY, including American Committee for European
Worlters' Relief (Independent of official Communist movement)
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which seeks "to
alter the form of government of the United States by unconsti-
tutional means,"
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 19^7^ and Septembed 21, 1948.)
104 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. "A dissident Communist group not affiliated with the Communist
International nor officially recognized by either the Communist
hierarchy in Moscow or the Communist Party, U. S. A. Essen-
tially, however, both the official and unofficial groups base them-
selves upon the teachings of Marx, Engels, and Lenin. The
Socialist Workers Party are followers of Leon Trotsky, who was
expelled from the Russian Communist Party. The official Com-
munists are followers of Joseph Stalin."
{Congressional Goinmittee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19JS, f- UJ-)
SOCIALIST YOUTH LEAGUE (See also Workers Party)
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher 4, 19Jf7, and September 21, 1948.)
SOCIAL WORKERS COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 334-)
SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL RELATIONS WITH SOVIET RUSSIA
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 129.)
SOCIETY FOR TECHNICAL AID TO SOVIET RUSSIA
1. Cited as an organization "directly controlled by the Soviet Gov-
ernment."
{California Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 376.)
SOUTHERN CONFERENCE FOR HUMAN WELFARE
1. Cited as a Communist front which received money from the Robert
Marshall Foundation, one of the principal sources of funds by
which many Communist fronts operate.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
M arch 29, 1944, V-1^^-)
2. Cited as a Communist-front organization "which seeks to attract
southern liberals on the basis of its seeming interest in the prob-
lems of the South" although its "professed interest in southern
welfare is simply -an expedient for larger aims serving the Soviet
Union and its subservient Communist Party in the United
States."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 692, June 12, 1947.) • •
3. Cited as typical of completely Communist created and controlled
organizations in the civic committee field. It received money
from the American People's Fund, a "Communist financial
organization."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 38 and 168.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 105
SOUTHERN NEGRO YOUTH CONGRESS
1. Cited as subversive and among the affiliates and committees of the
Communist Party, U. S. A., which seeks to alter the form of
government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December ^, 191^7.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 19!fi, p. 9. )
3. Cited as "surreptitiously controlled" by the Young Communist
League.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 19 47, p. U.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19 JS, p. 335.)
SPANISH REFUGEE RELIEF CAMPAIGN
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
January 3, 191^0, p. 9.)
2. "This organization suffered a split because of the charge of Com-
munist domination. * * * 'fhis organization likewise re-
ceived Conmiunist approval and support and was part of the
network of organizations fostered by the Communist Party in
its Spanish campaign."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commomvealth Counsel before the reviewing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 191^2.)
SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLES CONGRESS
1. Cited as a Communist-front organization, with offices in the Wilcox
Building in Los Angeles.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 IS, p. 309.)
SPRINGFIELD CITIZENS' PROTECTIVE LEAGUE
1. Among "the Communists' fringe organizations."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 148.)
SPRINGFIELD COMMITTEE TO AID SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1. Among "the Communists' fringe organizations."
{Massachusetts House Committee 07i U 71- American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 1^8.)
STAGE FOR ACTION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.) ' /^ J
106 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
STATE-WIDE CIVIL RIGHTS CONFERENCE (CALIFORNIA)
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 172.)
STATE-WIDE LEGISLATIVE CONFERENCE (CALIFORNIA)
1. Cited as a Communist front. "In an effort to influence the current
session of the legislature and to attract innocents to the Com-
munist Party program for the organization of its third party,
Progressive Citizens of America, a second State-wide legislative
conference was called for February 15, 16, 1917, at the California
Junior High School Auditorium in Sacramento."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
191^7, p. UO; 191^8, p. 376.)
STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE OF THE PERMANENT COMMITTEE OF THE
WORLD PEACE CONGRESS (March 16-19, 1950, Stockholm, Sweden)
1. Cited as a meeting which was used as "a sounding board for Com-
munist propaganda" and which had as its main objective "to
launch the boldest and most far-reaching maneuver of the whole
Communist peace movement — the world-wide circulation of
[Stockholm] 'peace' petitions."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'•Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 29.)
STOCKHOLM PEACE PETITION (See also World Peace Appeal)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, in-
terijn statement issued on the Communist '"''Peace Petition'''
Campaign, July 13, 1950. )
STUDENT CONGRESS AGAINST WAR
1. "During the Christmas holidays of 1932, the Student Congress
Against War was convened at the University of Chicago. This
gathering was held at the direct instigation of the (Amsterdam)
World Congress Against War. The Chicago Congress was com-
pletely controlled by the Communists of the National Student
League. * * * The gathering ended its sessions by adopting
the ])rogram of the (Amsterdam) World Congress Against War
which, as has been pointed out, called for 'the turning of im-
perialist war into civil war.' For many years, the latter slogan
represented one of the chief objectives of the Communist move-
ment throughout the world."
{Special Committee on U7i-A7nerican Activities, Report,
31 arch 29, 19 U, p. 119.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have defied
brazenly the interests of the United States and other freedom-
loving nations whenever they have been in conflict with the in-
terests of Soviet Russia and world Communism."
{California Committee on Un-A?nerican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 67.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 107
STUDENT RIGHTS ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Calif ornia Oommittee on Vn- American Activities, tieport^
19Jf3,f.99.)
SWEETHEARTS OF SERVICEMEN
1. "A division of the AYD born during the last war is the organiza-
tion known as the Sweethearts of Servicemen. Its maiden effort
was a delegation of 75 young women who arrived in Washington
to petition Congress 'to give their soldier boy friends and hus-
bands the chance to vote in the 1944 Presidential elections.' "
{Co7igressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 19^7, f. 12.)
2. Cited as a subsidiary Communist front created by American Youth
for Democracy.
{California Committee on Vn- American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 186.)
TEEN-AGE ART CLUB
1. Cited as "a Los Angeles branch of American Youth for Democracy.
This group held an art exhibit in June 1947 at the Los Angeles
Museum. Marty Lupner, chairman of American Youth for De-
mocracy in Los Angeles, was in charge of the exhibits."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 188.)
THEATRE ARTS COMMITTEE (TAC)
1. Cited as a Communist front which was formerly known as the
Theatre Committee To Aid Spanish Democracy, and which was
affiliated with the American League for Peace and Democracy,
Medical Bureau, and North American Committee To Aid
Spanish Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.,
1948, p. V7.)
THEODORE DREISER WORK SHOP
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
19Ji8,V- 392).
TOM xMOONEY LABOR SCHOOL
1. "The San Francisco Workers" School * * * frankly and openly
a school for instruction in Conununism * * * by 1943 * * *
had been rechristened the Tom Mooney Labor School. * * *
A glance at the curriculum reveals that changing the name of the
San Francisco Workers' School to the Tom Mooney Labor School
did not result in any deviation from the Marxist character of
the institution * * * the Tom Mooney Labor School func-
tioned for years with Communist Party functionaries as
instructors."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, pp. 6.3 and 77-79.)
108 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
TOM PAINE SCHOOL
1. Cited as an adjunct in Westchester, N. Y., of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark^ letter to Loyalty Review
Boards released December -^, 191^7 .)
TOM PAINE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
1. Cited as an adjunct in Philadel^Dhia, Pa., of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Boards released Decemher 4, 19Ji7.)
TOUMAYIAN CLUB
1. "A Communist headquarters, including a class for children,"
located at 405 Broadway, Chelsea, Mass.
{M assachusetts House C ommittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 157.)
TOWN MEETING OF YOUTH
1. Cited as a Communist front in Washington, D. C.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 167.)
TRADE UNION ADVISORY COMMITTEE
1. Set up in 1937 by the International Labor Defense, legal arm of
the Communist Party.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19U, p. 89.)
TRADE-UNION COMMITTEE FOR FREE SPAIN
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
ms, p. 217.)
TRADE-UNION COMMITTEE ON INDUSTRIAL ESPIONAGE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- 1^^-)
TRADE-UNION COMMITTEE TO PUT AMERICA BACK TO V/ORK
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
March 29, 19U, V' UO.)
TRADE-UNION EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE
1. "Affiliate of the Red International of Labor Unions, which was the
trade-union bureau of the Comintern * * *_ jj^ j^ggo the
Trade-Union Educational League became the Trade-Union Unity
League."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 191^2, p. 10.)
2. "Zinoviev, Losowsky, and Lenin proceeded during the next 12
months to organize the Trade-Union Educational League. This
project was put under the control of and made amenable, as far
as its work was concerned, to the central executive committee of
the Communist Party of America, and it remains so today. Wil-
liam Z. Foster was selected to lead this movement. In the spring
of 1921 he went to Russia, and the understanding was that he
went there to get his instructions for the organization of the
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 109
Trade-Union Educational League, gather facts about the Com-
munist work in Soviet Russia, the functioning of Communist
ideas and theories, and learn how the officials of the Communist
International wanted these ideas and theories applied in Amer-
ica through the Trade-Union Educational League."
(^Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
January 3, 1939, pp. 4? and 48.)
3. Cited as a Communist organization.
{California Com?nittee on ZJ71- American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
TRADE UNION NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR RUSSIAN RELIEF
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Cominittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 169.)
TRADE UNION SERVICE, INC.
1. "The Communist influence is established through such news services
as" the above.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 49.)
TRADE UNION THEATRE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 392.)
TRADE-UNION UNITY LEAGUE
1. "In 1929 the Trade-Union Educational League became the Trade-
Union Unity League * * * The TUUL, as it was called,
openly supported and was dominated by the Communist Party."
{Attorney General Fraricis Biddle, in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 1942, p. 10.)
2. Cited as a Communist front directly controlled by the Communist
Party. It was headed by William Z. Foster, national chairman
of the Communist Party, U. S. A. ; was composed of some 20
Communist miions and was affiliated with the Red International
of Labor Unions of Moscow.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
March 29, 1944, VP- 94 and 124; also cited in Reports Jan-
uary 3, 1939, p. 63, and January 3, 1940, pp. 8 and 9.)
3. "When the Communist Party was organized formally in 1919, it
denounced the A. F. of L. as 'reactionary' and proclaimed that
U. S. Communists would lead the way to 'revolutionary indus-
trial unionism.' The Trade-Union Unity League was launched
and attempted to create blatantly Communist-sponsored and
controlled trade unions; * * * After a long record of fail-
ure, the Communist Party abandoned the Trade-Union Unity
League and returned to the pre-Communist Party program of
the radical organizations. Every attempt was made to infiltrate
and dominate the A. F. of L."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Revort.
1948, p. 36.) ^ '
110 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
4. "The federation of the Communist Party's own labor miions * * *
The Comintern ordered American Communists to create their
own unions, particularly among basic industries. Thus arose
the Trade- Union Unity League Unions (TUUL). * * * jjj
1935 the Communists were ordered to disband the TUUL unions
and actively to penetrate the corresponding unions of the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor."
{Massachusetts House C ommittee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 12] and 30G.)
TRADE UNION WOMEN'S COMMITTEE FOR PEACE
1. "Another Communist front which was integrated with the Ameri-
can Peace Mobilization in the Communist Party's drive against
America's military preparedness."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
Match 29, 19 U, pp. 155 and 156.)
TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK SHOP
1. Among tlie "principal book stores of the Communist Parly m Cali-
fornia" and located at 1721 Webster Street, Oakland.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report
19JS, p. 22k.)
TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK STORE
1. A "Communist Party book store on Bancroft Avenue in Berkeley
(Calif.)."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1947, p. 272.)
UKRAINIAN-AMERICAN FRATERNAL UNION
1. Cited as Communist and among the "national group societies of
International Workers Order."
{Attorney General J. Hoioard. McGrath, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
UNEMPLOYED COUNCILS {See also National Unemployment Councils)
1. "Prior to the organizational convention of the Workers' Alliance,
called by Herbert Benjamin, who makes no secret of his mem-
bership in the Communist Party and of his allegiance to the
Soviet Union and the Third (Communist) International of
Russia ; and David Lasser, a Socialist, pro-Communist and pro-
Soviet, a number of unemployed movements had been set up in
the United States. The two largest of these were the 'unem-
ployed leagues' and the 'unemployed councils,' organized and
directed by the above-mentioned individuals." The unemployed
councils later became the Workers Alliance.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
January 3, 1939, pp. 72 and 7^.}
2. Cited as among groups which are "creations of and controlled by
the Communist Party. * * * iii April of 1932 the Com-
munist Party gave its orders to its Unemployed Councils, oper-
ating from 751 Washington Street and from 145 Harrison Ave-
nue, Boston, to organize another hunger march on the State
House, with instructions to link its agitation with the war in
China and defense of the Soviet Union."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 78 and 130.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGAXIZATIOXS AXD PUBLICATIONS 111
UNEMPLOYED COUNCILS COMMITTEE
1. Cited as "a branch of the Trade-Union Unity League (TUUL)
■which, in turn, was the federation of the Communist Party's own
labor unions."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Be port, 1938, p. 121.)
UNION OF AMERICAN CROATIANS (Formerly National Council of Ameri-
cans of Croatian Descent)
1, Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrafh, letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
UNION OF CONCERTED PEACE EFFORTS
1. Cited as a Communist front, a leader of which was Clarence Hatha-
way, then editor of the Daily Worker.
{Special Committee on Un-Atnerican Activities, Report^
March m, 19kl^, p. 151^.)
UNITED ACTION COMMITTEE (Sec United Committee of Action)
UNITED AID FOR PEOPLES OF AFRICAN DESCENT
1. Cited as among the more conspicuous Communist fronts for racial,
refugee, and alien groups.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 h8, p. 75.)
UNITED AMERICAN ARTISTS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Beport,
M arch 29, 19 1^1^, p. 129.)
2. "Communists regard the infiltration, manipulation, and control of
artistic and cultural media as one of the indispensable phases of
their program of revolution. * * * Typical of Communist
fronts in this classification" is the above.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Beport,
19 1^8, p. 52.)
UNITED AMERICAN SPANISH AID COMMITTEE
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Beview
Board, released July 25, 1949. )
2. "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly into
the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause, re-
cruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief organ-
izations." Among these was the above Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Beport,
March 29, 19U, pp. 82 and 138.)
3. Cited as a Communist front "organized by the Communist Party of
the United States to assist Spanish Communists in finding a
haven in Mexico." It merged with the American Committee To
Save Refugees and the Exiled Writers Committee of the League
of American Writers to become in March 1942 the Joint Anti-
Fascist Refugee Committee.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Beport,
191i8, pp. 270 and 353.)
84051° — 51 8
112 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
UNITED COMMITTEE OF ACTION
1. Cited as a "Communist front for veterans" ; also known as United
Action Committee.
{^California Committee on Un-American Activities, Revort,
19J^,p.386.) ' / 5
UNITED COMMITTEE OF SOUTH SLAVIC AMERICANS
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June i, 19Jf.8, and September 21, 191^8.)
2. Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts for the support
and praise of Communist-dominated nations and Communist
parties in other lands.
{California Committee on Tin- American Activities, Revort,
19JfB,p.66.) ' r 5
UNITED FARMERS LEAGUE
1. Cited as a Communist-controlled organization in California for
small farmers; it was started early in 1933 by Carl Patterson,
then State organizer for the Communist Party, and it collapsed
in 1934.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It3,pj)..37 andSS.)
2. Among organizations which for the most part were created and con-
trolled by the Communist Party or were part of the United Front
with the party and supported the First United States Congress
xlgainst War in 1932. The Congress was openly led by the
Communists.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. J,j62.)
UNITED FRONT FOR HERNDON
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 335.)
UNITED HARLEM TENANTS AND CONSUMERS ORGANIZATION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June 1, 1948, and September 21, 1948.)
UNITED MAY DAY COMMITTEE {See also May Day Parade)
1. Cited as subversive and among the affiliates and committees of the
Communist Party, U. S. A., which seeks "to alter the form of
government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark,- letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December 4, 1947.)
UNITED MAY DAY CONFERENCE
1. "Engineered by the Communist Party for its 1937 May Day demon-
strations"^ and also organized by the party in 1938.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
March 29, 1944, VP- ^U and 139.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 113
UNITED MAY DAY PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE
1. "The May Day parade in New York City is an annual mobilization
of Communist strength." Ferdinand Smith, high in the circle
of the Communist Party, was a "member of the United May
Day Provisional Committee in 1939, vice chairman of the same
committee in 1940, and cochairman in 1941."
{Special Cotnmittee on Un-Amer^ican Activities, Report,
March£9,19U,P-179.)
UNITED NEGRO AND ALLIED VETERANS OF AMERICA
1. Cited as subversive and among the afliliates and committees of the
Communist Party, U. S. A., which seeks "to alter the form
of government of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher Jf, 19Jt^7.)
UNITED SPANISH AID COMMITTEE
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Toin Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 191^9.)
UNITED STATES CONGRESS AGAINST WAR
1. "The American League Against War and Fascism was formally
organized at the First United States Congress Against War and
Fascism held in New York City, September 29 to October 1,
1933. * * * The program of the first congress called for the
end of the Roosevelt policies of imperialism and for the support
of the peace policies of the Soviet Union, for opposition to all
attempts to weaken the Soviet Union. * * * Subsequent
cono-resses in 1934 and 1936 reflected the same program."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
Septemher 2^, 19^2, p. 7683. )
2. "Convened in St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, on September
29, 1933 * * * it was completely under the control of the
Communist Party. Earl Browder was a leading figure in all its
deliberations. In his report to the Communist International,
Browder stated : 'The Congress from the beginning was led by
our party quite openly.' "
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 119; also cited in Reports, January 3,
19Jfi, p. 11; and June 25, 191,2, p. 11,.)
3. "The American League Against War and Fascism was founded at
the United States Congress Against War. * * * Henri Bar-
busse (French Communist) came to the United States in Septem-
ber of 1933 to participate in the United States Congress Against
War, at which he was a speaker with Earl Browder, general
secretary of the Communist Party."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, pp. 150 and 385.)
114 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
4. "The call for the First United States Congress Against War * * *
listed for the most part organizations which were created or con-
trolled by the Communist Party or were a part of the United
Front * * * the Communist Party's slogan, 'Defend the
Soviet Union,' is the first objective. * * * The January 1934
issue of The Communist, the Communist Party's own magazine,
described the United States Congress Against War as under its
own control."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-Amencan Activities^
Report, 1938, pp. 4.62, 1^65, and 466.)
UNITED STATES VETERANS COUNCIL (See Council of United States
Veterans)
UNITED STATES YOUTH SPONSORING COMMITTEE, WORLD PEACE
APPEAL (See also World Peace Appeal)
1. Cited as an organization in the name of which young Communists
are urged to "visit ball parks, beaches, schools, and universities
in quest of signatures" to the Stockholm Peace Petition.
{Congressional C ommittee on Un-American Activities. House
Report No. 378, on the Communist ^'■Peace'''' Offensive, Apnl
25^ 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 41-)
UNITED STUDENT PEACE COMMITTEE
1. "The American Student Union * * * announced that it set up
the 'front' movement, the United Student Peace Committee, in
1938, which has brought into its front 17 national youth organi-
zations.''
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 80.)
UNITED VETERANS FOR EQUALITY
1. A provisional committee which sponsored a joint meeting of 300
veterans January 8, 1946, in Harlem, New York, at which the
Communist front, the United Negro and Allied Veterans of
America, was formed.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 378.)
UNITED YOUTH COMMITTEE AGAINST LYNCHING
1. Cited as a Communist front in which the Communist Party and
Young Communist League officially participated.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 155.)
VANGUARD PRESS
1. Cited as a "Communist enterprise" which was established by the
American Fund for Public Service (Garland Fund) with a
donation of capital amounting to $139,000. "A series of propa-
ganda books on Kussia, edited by Jerome Davis, was one of the
first large publishing projects of the Vanguard Press."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report..
M arch 29, 1944, VV- ^^ «^«^ ^^- )
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 115
VETERANS AGAINST DISCRIMINATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS CONGRESS
OF NEW YORK
1. Cited as a subversive affiliate of the subversive Civil Rights Con-
gress.
{^Attorney General Tom Clark^ letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released December ^ 1947.)
VETERANS AND WIVES, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist front which "has followed the Communist
Party line in agitating for the withdrawal of American troops
from China, breaking oiF diplomatic relations with Franco's
Spain, and is opposing anti-Sovietism." Formerly known as
Wives, which was organized in New York City in November 1945,
it became known as Veterans and Wives, Inc., in January 1946.
It was represented at the National Win-the-Peace Conference
in April 1946.
{Oalifornia Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19^8, pp. 318 and 378.)
VETERANS NATIONAL LIAISON COMMITTEE
1. A "Communist front in the veteran field."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
19^8, p. 386.)
VETERANS OF EQUALITY
1. Cited as a Communist front represented at the National Win-the-
Peace Conference in Washington, D. C, in April 1946.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Ji8, p. 318.)
VETERANS OF THE ABRAHAM LINCOLN BRIGADE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released Decemher 4, 19Ji.7, and Septemher 21, 194-8.)
2. "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly into
the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause, re-
cruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief organi-
zations." Among tnese was the above.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 82.) ^ ^
3. Cited as a Communist-front organization "serving the objectives of
the Communist Parties in the United States and Spain. Earl
Browder boasted that 'over 60 percent of the Lincoln Battalion
members were members of the Communist Party.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 94 and 382.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commomvealth Counsel before the reviewing
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 194^.)
116 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
VICTORY BOOK STORE
1. Among the "principal book stores of the Communist Party in Cali-
fornia" and located at 635 E Street. San Diego.
{California Committee on Un-Am,erican Activities^ Report^
1948,^.221^.)
VIRGINIA LEAGUE FOR PEOPLES EDUCATION
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which seeks "to
alter the form of government of the United States by unconsti-
tutional means."
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath., letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 11, 1950.)
WALT WHITMAN BOOK SHOP
1. Among the "principal book stores of the Communist Party in Cali-
fornia" and located at 277 East Fourth Street, Long Beach.
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 22 Jf.)
WALT WHITMAN SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
1. Cited as an adjunct in Nev/ark, N. J., of the Communist Party.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 194-7.)
WAR RELIEF FUND OF AMERICANS OF SOUTH SLAVIC DESCENT
1. Cited as a Communist front which was the predecessor of the
American Committee for Yugoslav Relief.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the Amencan Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 1949) , p. 77.)
WASHINGTON BOOK SHOP ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released Decemher 4-, 1947, and September 21, 1948.)
2. "The Washington Cooperative Book Shop, under the name 'The
Book Shop Association,' was incorporated in the District of
Columbia in 1938. * * * j^ maintains a book shop and art
gallery at 916 Seventeenth Street NW., Washington, D. C, where
literature is sold and meetings and lectures held.
"Evidence of Communist penetration or control is reflected in
the following: Among its stock the establishment has offered
prominently for sale books and literature identified with the
Communist Party and certain of its affiliates and front organiza-
tions * * * certain of the officers and employees of the book
shop, including its manager and executive secretary, have been
in close contact with local officials of the Comnuinist Party of
the District of Columbia."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, p. 7688.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, V- ^^^•)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 117
WASHINGTON (D. C.) CIO COMMITTEE TO REINSTATE HELEN MILLER
1. "In 1941 the Department of Labor discharged one Helen Miller on
the ground that she was a member of the Communist Party. The
Communists and Communist sympathizers of the District of
Columbia and vicinity organized the Washington CIO Com-
mittee To Reinstate Helen Miller."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 113.)
•2. Cited as a "Communist created and controlled front organization."
{California Committee on Un-Am.erican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 35.)
WASHINGTON (D. C.) COMMITTEE FOR AID TO CHINA
1. Cited as a Communist-controlled organization.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March29,19U,p.lJ!-3.)
2. Cited as a Communist front which followed the line .laid down by
the Communist front, American Friends of the Chinese People.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^.8, pp. 143 and 336.)
WASHINGTON COMMITTEE FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, l-etters to Loyalty Revieio
Board, released December 4, 19If7, and September 21, 1948.)
2. An "affiliate" or "local chapter" of the National Federation for
Constitutional Liberties. "The program of the Washington
committee followed that of the national federation. National
Communist leaders have addressed its meetings, and conferences
sponsored by it have been attended by representatives of promi-
nent Communist-front organizations." Many of its members
were active in the American Peace Mobilization.
{Attoimey General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, pp. 7688 and 7689.)
3. "When the American League for Peac€ and Democracy was dis-
solved in February 1940 its successor in Washington was called
the Washington Committee for Democratic Action." The latter
was affiliated with the National Federation for Constitutional
Liberties.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
June 2d, 1942, p. 22, and March 29, 1944, p. I43.)
4. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 336 and 342.)
WASHINGTON COMMITTEE TO LIFT SPANISH EMBARGO
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 335 and 336.)
WASHINGTON COMMONWEALTH FEDERATION
1. Cited as Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
118 . SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
WASHINGTON FRIENDS OF SPANISH DEMOCRACY
1, "In 1937-38, the Communist Party threw itself wholeheartedly
into the campaign for the support of the Spanish Loyalist cause,
recruiting men and organizing multifarious so-called relief or-
ganizations." Among these was the abo\7e.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29, 19 U, V- ^^•)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.336.)
WASHINGTON PEACE MOBILIZATION
1. Cited as a Communist-controlled organization which participated
in the White House picket line.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, p. 11^3.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19If8,p.3Jt2.)
WASHINGTON TOM MOONEY COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 336.)
WESTERN COUNCIL FOR PROGRESSIVE LABOR IN AGRICULTURE
1. "This Communist front came into existence in April of 1946. The
offices are located at 2063 Grace Avenue in Hollywood."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
' 19^8, p. 383.)
WESTERN WRITERS CONGRESS
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 9 If.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 6.)
WIN THE PEACE CONFERENCE (See National Committee To Win the
Peace)
WISCONSIN CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL LEGISLATION
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letters to Loyalty Revieiu
Board, released June 1, 191^8, and September 21, 1948.)
WIVES (See Wives and Sweethearts of Servicemen)
WIVES AND SWEETHEARTS OF SERVICEMEN
1. Cited as a Communist front which operated during the last war,
and which was eventually succeeded by Wives in November,
1945, and by Veterans and Wives, Inc., in January 1946.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. 378.)
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION {See Interna-
tional Democratic Women's Federation)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 119
WORKERS ALLIANCE
1. Cited as subversive and Communist.
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board released December 4, 19 k7, and September 21, 19Jf8.)
2. A "Communist penetrated organization."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 21^, 191^2, p. 7G8If. )
3. "Among the successes in its 'front' movements, the Communists
point to the 'Workers' Alliance of America.' " It was created
in 1936 and organized "in practically every relief project in the
countrv." It was "apparently patterned after the 'Unemployed
Councils of St. Petersourg,' Russia, set up in 1906 as a part of
the Commuriist front there. As the councils in Russia staged
sit-down s^^rikes. so also did the Alliance stage sit-down strikes
in various State legislatures and relief bureaus in our country."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
■January 3, 1939, pp. 7 2-7 If ; also cited in Reports, January
3, 1940, p. 9; June 25, 19^2, p. 22; March 29, 19U, P- W-)
4. "The Communist Party's organization of the unemployed."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf7,p.3G7.)
5. "Organized groups of relief workers and unemployed as the Work-
ers Alliance * * * are the creations of and controlled by
the Communist Party." The Communists organized the Work-
ers Alliance among the ERA and WPA workers.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties. Report, 1938, pp. 78 and 310.)
6. Cited as "Communist dominated."
{Neio York City Council Committee investigating the Mu-
nicipal Civil Service Commission.)
7. Cited as a Communist front,
{Fennsytvania C oinmonwealth Counsel before the revieioing
board of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 19^2.)
WORKERS (COxMMUNIST) PARTY OF AMERICA iSee Workers Party of
America)
WORKERS CULTURAL FEDERATION
1. "An amalgamation of Communist revolutionary cultural groups
composed of at least 130 societies," organized in June 1931 as an
outgrowth of the Revolutionary Writers' Federation, the Ameri-
can section of Moscow's Communist International Union of
Revolutionary Writers. "The Workers' Cultural Federation
adopted the slogan 'Toward an American Revolution.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19It5.^pp.ll8 and 119.)
WORKERS EX-SERVICEMEN'S LEAGUE
1. Cited as the Communist Party of America's contribution to the
Internationale Des Anciens Combattants (International Asso-
ciation of War Veterans), first Communist front for veterans
organized by the Communist International in Geneva on May 1,
120 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
1920. The above was organized in 1930 and in 1935 became the
American League of Ex-Servicemen.
{California Gommittee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
191^8, py. 38 U-386.)
2. Cited as "a Communist organization" which ''marched on Washing-
ton during three different years." It was headed by Emanuel
Levin, "a Communist functionary."
{Massachusetts House Oommittee on Z^n- American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 2U')
WORKERS INTERNATIONAL RELIEF
1. "The American Section of the WIR * * * like those sections in
other countries, was controlled by 'fraction' leaders who, accord-
ing to article I, section 7, of the Communist International Consti-
tution, were resj^onsible directly to the Comintern at Moscow.'"
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 122.)
WORKERS LIBRARY PUBLISHERS
1. An "official Communist Party publishing agency."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, V- ^j '^'^^^^ cited in Report, June 25^ 1942,
p. 18.)
2. "Official Communist Party, U. S. A., publishing house.''
{C ongressionaV Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19^8, pp. 72 and 80.)
3. Cited as an "important" publishing organization of the Communist
Party, located in New York City.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 214.)
4. Cited as "controlled by Communists" and as one of the two "chief
publishers of the Communist Party."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities.
Report, 1938, p. 289.)
WORKERS PARTY OF AMERICA (1921-24: Designation of the Communist
Party of America at time indicated)
1. "In December 1921 the Workers Party of America was formed
as a camouflage for the real Communist Party of America
which maintained its existence underground. In 1925 the offi-
cial name was changed to Worker's (Communist) Party of
America, and at a convention held in March 1928, the Com-
munists finally threw off all camouflage and boldly came out
into the open as the Communist Party of the United States of
America." . .
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 17.)
2. The name adopted by the underground Communist Party as its
open, legal expression at a convention in New York City, De-
cember 23-G, 1921. Both groups eventually merged in August
1925 to become the Workers (Communist) Party of America.
{C ongressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 209, April 1, 1947, p. 16.)
3. Among names formerly used by the Communist Party.
\Galifornia Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 33.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 121
WORKERS (COMMUNIST) PARTY OF AMERICA (subsequent to 1925-29)
(successor to Communist Party of America and preceding the formation of
the Communist Party of the United States)
1. Cited as a subversive and Communist organization which seeks "to
alter the form of government of the United States by uncon-
stitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark^ Letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released December ^, 19If7, and September 21^ 1948.)
WORKERS PARTY (See Independent Socialist League)
WORKERS SCHOOL OF BOSTON
1. Taught Marxism and Leninism which includes the fundamental
doctrine of revolutionary uprising and seizure of power. Listed
in the cash-receipt record of the Communist Party of Boston
and located at the headquarters of the party at one time. Op-
erated from about 1932 until the fall of 1936, when it was re-
named Progressive Labor School of Boston.
{iVassachuseffs House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 234, ^38, 2^9, 254, and 568.)
WORKERS' SCHOOL OF LOS ANGELES
1. Part of a Nation-wide system of Communist schools at which the
"doctrine of revolutionary socialism, the overthrow of capitalist
governments by force and violence and Leninism-Stalinism was
openly taught by self-admitted members of the Communist
Party," Founded in 1939, it was disbanded in 1945 after assist-
ing in the founding and development of its successor, the People's
Educational Center.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Rpport,
1947, pp. 63-68.)
WORKERS SCHOOL OF NEW YORK CITY
1. Cited as "an official Communist Party school" located at 35 East
Twelfth Street. New York City, which was also headquarters
of the Communist Party. Instructors were always members of
the Communist Party. It later merged with the School for
Democracy to become the Jefferson School of Social Science.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
March 29. 194 f, PV- 89 and 168.)
2. An educational institution controlled by the Communist Party.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 269.)
WORKERS SCHOOL OF SAN FRANCISCO
1. "The San Francisco Workers' School opened in 1932 following the
same pattern of other Communist workei-s' schools scattered
throughout populous centers in the United States. It was
frankly and openly a school for instruction in Communism.
* * * By 1943 the school had been rechristened the Tom
Mooney Laoor School."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
1947, pp. 77 and 78.)
122 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
WORKMEN'S EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION
1. Cited as a Communist organization located at 141 Albion Street,
San Francisco, Calif.
{Special ComTnittee on Un-American Actimties^ Report^
March29,19U,P-y-lf')
WORLD COMMITTEE AGAINST WAR
1. The above came out of the World Congress Against War in 1932 in
Amstei'dam ; in 1933 the above gave birth to the American Com-
mittee for the Struggle Against War.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
19Jf3,p.93.)
WORLD CONGRESS AGAINST WAR
1. "In August 1932 the Communist International sponsored an inter-
national gathering at Amsterdam which was known as the World
Congress Against War. That gathering called upon the prole-
tariat of the world to prepare to 'turn imperialist war into civil
war.' The delegates to the Amsterdam congress were instructed
to organize in their respective countries national branches to be
affiliated with the world organization. In the United States, in
the fall of 1932, the American Committee for Struggle Against
War was organized in response to these instructions."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities. Report.
March 29, 19U, p. 119.)
2. Cited as a Communist-directed congress.
{California C on.xmittee on Un-American Activities.^ Report^
19Jf8,pp.lJi9andl50.)
3. Maxim Gorki, well-known Communist of Russia, and Henri Bar-
busse, outstanding Communist of France, were the instigators of
the Amsterdam Anti-War Congress in August, 1932; Michael
Gold, Harold Hickerson, and Ella Reeve (Mother) Bloor, three
well-known Communist leaders in America, were elected as
American members of the International Committee at the Con-
gress. At least 19 members of the Communist Party were on
the American committee for the congress which was to meet at
Paris on August 20. 1934.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities.,
Report, 1938, pp. 137 and 1^61.)
WORLD CONGRESS FOR PEACE IN PARIS iSee World Peace Congress)
WORLD CONGRESS OF INTELLECTUALS
1. "This bitter hatred for all western culture and the attempt to
divorce writers, scientists, and artists from their own native land
and win their allegiance for the Soviet Union is the underlying
aim and theme of these scientific and cultural conferences for
world peace." Held in Wroclaw, Poland on August 25-28,
1948. The Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace
was held as a follow-up of this gathering in Poland.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
view of the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World
Peace arranged hy the National Council of the Arts. Sci-
ences, and Professions and held in New York City on 3/ arch
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 123
25. 26. and 27, 1949, House Report No. 195 If, April 26, 1950
{originally released April 19, 1949), pp. 2-6; and Bouse
Report No. 378, on the Communist ''Peace'' Oifensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 8.)
WORLD CONGRESS OF PARTISANS OF PEACE (See World Peace Congress)
WORLD FEDERATION OF DEMOCRATIC YOUTH
1. "The A YD (American Youth for Democracy) is affiliated with the
World Federation of Democratic Youth, which was founded in
London in November 1945 by delegates from over 50 nations.
* * * From the outset the World Federation of Democratic
Y'outh demonstrated that it was far more interested in serving
as a pressure group in behalf of Soviet foreign policy than it was
in the specific problems of international youth. * * * So
strong was the Communist domination at the London conference
that it aroused the deepest concern of the English bishops."
Also cited as one of the "long established Soviet-controlled inter-
national organizations" which "speak identical lines of propa-
ganda and stand together on all phases of Soviet foreign policy"
and which has "affiliated organizations in the United States,
which consequently have also been turned into instruments in
the '])eace' campaign."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 1947, pp. 12 and 13; Bouse Report
No. 378, on the Communist ''Peace''' Offensive, April 25,
1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 77.)
2. Cited as a "part of the Communist International solar system,"
which was founded in London November 1945 by delegates from
more than 50 nations. With it is affiliated the American Youth
for Democracy.
{Calif oimia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 187.)
WORLD FEDERATION OF SCIENTIFIC WORKERS
1. Cited as "another international Communist-front organization"
w'hich seeks to win scientists to the Communist cause.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist "Peace''' Offensive. April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 83.)
WORLD PEACE APPEAL (See also Stockholm Peace Petition)
1. Cited as a petition campaign laimched by the Permanent Commit-
tee of the World Peace Congress at its meeting in Stockholm.
March 16-19, 1950; as having "received the enthusiastic ap-
proval of every section of the international Communist hier-
archy"; as having been lauded in the Communist press, putting
"every individual Communist on notice that he 'has the duty to
rise to this appeal' " ; and as having "received the official endorse-
ment of the Supreme Soviet of the U. S. S. R., which has been
echoed by the governing bodies of every Communist satellite
country, and by all Communist Parties throughout the world."
{Congressional Committee on Uii- American Activities, Bouse
Report No. 378, on the Communist "Peace'' Offensive. April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 34.)
124 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
WORLD PEACE CIRCLE OF HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.
1. Cited as an organization which the Daily Worker, February 22,
1951, describes as particij^ating in the campaign of the Ameri-
can Peace Crusade, another Communist front,
{C ongressional Cominittee on TJn- American Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '"'•Peace''''. Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 52.)
WORLD PEACE CONGRESS (Paris, France, April 20-23, 1949) (Also known
as World Congress of Partisans of Peace) (See also Permanent Committee
of the World Peace Congress)
1. Cited as a Communist front among the " 'peace' conferences" which
"have been organized under Communist initiative in various
countries throughout the world as part of a campaign against
the North Atlantic Defense Pact."
{Congressional Co7nmittee on Un-American Activities, Re-
view of the ScientifiG and Cultural Conference for 'World
Peace arranged hy the National Council of the Arts,
Sciences, and Professions and held in New York City on
March 25, 26, and 27, 191,9, House Report No. 1951^, April
26, 1950 {originally released April 19, 1949), p. 10; and
Interim Statement on the Communist Peace Petition Cam-
paign, Jidy 13, 1950; and House Report No. 378, on the
Communist '■'■Peace''' Offensive, April 25, 1951, oi-iginal date,
April 1,1951, p. 16.)
WORLD PEACE COUNCIL (See also Second World Peace Congress)
1. Cited as having been formed at the conclusion of the Second World
Peace Congress in Warsaw and which was heralded by the Mos-
cow radio as "the expression of the determination of the peoples
to take into their own hands the struggle for peace."
{C ongressional C oinmittee on Vn- American Activities. House
Report No. 378, on the Communist '•^Peace'''' Offensive, April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, p. 38.)
WORLD TOURISTS, INC.
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania C ommonwealth Counsel before the revieioing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 191^2.)
WORLD YOUTH CONFERENCE
1. An international gathering in London in November 1945 at which
a commission was created which developed the completely Com-
munist-dominated World Federation of Democratic Youth.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.54.)
WORLD YOUTH CONGRESS
1. Cited as a Communist conference held in the summer of 1938 at
Vassar College.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19Ut V- ^^^ i «^*'^ ^^^^^ ^^^ Report, January 3,
1939, p. 82.)
2. Cited as a Communist front.
{California Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report,
191,8, p. 185.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 125
WORLD YOUTH COUNCIL
1. An "international Communist-dominated ^outh organization" to
which was directly linked the American Youth for a Free World.
The above had headquarters in London.
{California Committee on Un-Avierican Activities, Report^
l9J,S,p.6If.)
WORLD YOUTH FESTIVAL
1. Cited as having been held from August 14-28, 1949, in Budapest,
with the cooperation of American Youth for a Free World and
the World Federation of Democratic Youth ; the delegates to this
festival were usually led by the Soviet delegation, displaying a
huge ])hotograph of Joseph Stalin. Representatives of the
Chinese Comnninist armies won prominent places and high
honors in all the festivities. The United States vras represented
by a delegation of 175 students.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Tlonse
Report No. 37 S^ on the Communist ''''Peace''' Oijfensive. April
25, 1951, original date, April 1, 1951, fp. 77 and 78.)
WRITERS AND ARTISTS COMMITTEE FOR MEDICAL AID TO SPAIN
1. "This committee was one of the many Communist fronts established
for the purpose of agitation and propaganda on the Spanish civil
war."'
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 389.)
YANKS ARE NOT COMING COMMITTEE
1. The Communist Party was "the principal agent" in "the Yanks Are
Not Coming movement." This Communist Party slogan in the
day of the Stalin -Hitler pact was formulated by Mike Quinn,
Daily Worker columnist.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March ^5, 19U, VV- 1'^^ ^^, and 100.)
2. "Among the more conspicuous Communist fronts that have defied
brazenly the interests of the United States and other freedom-
loving nations whenever they have been in conflict with the
interests of Soviet Russia and world Communism."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
1948, p. 67.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commonwealth Counsel he fore the revieio-
ing hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 1943.)
YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE (See also American Youth for Democracy
and Labor Youth League)
1. Cited as a "subversive," "Communist" organization which seeks "to
alter the form of government of the United States by uncon-
stitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letters to Loyalty Review
Board, released June i, IQIfS, and September 21, 1948.)
126 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Cited as "organized and maintained under strict Communist
Party control" and as having "direct connections with Moscow
in addition to indirect connections through the Communist
Party."
{Special Committee on Vn-ATrterican Activities^ Report^ Jan-
ary 5, 19JfO^ pp. 8 and 9. )
3. "On October 15, 1943, a special convention of the Young Commu-
nist League was held at Manhattan Center at Thirty-fourth
Street and Eighth Avenue in New York City. At this conven-
tion the Young Communist League officially transformed itself
into the American Youth for Democracy."
(Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 271, April 17, 19 47, p. 2. )
4. An "out-and-out" Communist organization whose name was
changed in 1943 to American Youth for Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8,pp.91andl82.)
5. "The Young Communist League, U. S. A., parallels in structure the
Communist Party, U. S. A. * * * it is under the super-
vision of the Communist Party. * * * Xhe YCL has in-
cluded youths of both sexes from the age of 16 to 23. * * *
The function of the Young Communist League is to radicalize
young men and women in various mass groupings such as the
military training units in schools and colleges, the National
Guard, semireligious and religious organizations, and the like."
{Massachusetts House Comrnittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 16^-166.)
YOUNG PEOPLE'S RECORDS
1. Cited as a Communist front, which has been advertised recently by
Communist book stores.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.,
19Jt8, pp. 390-392.)
YOUNG PIONEERS OF AMERICA
1. "A Communist youth organization for girls and boys of grade-
school age. It is built along the same lines as the Boy Scout
movement, but dedicated instead to hatred of American institu-
tions and the American flag."
{California Committee 07i Un-American Activities, Report,
1943, p. 66.)
2. "For younger children the Communists have created and main-
tained the organization called 'Young Pioneers.' Part of the
duties of members of the Young Communist League was to guide
these Young Pioneer organizations. * * * Children of
younger age, 8 to 16, were organized into the Young Pioneer
movement."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 118 and 164.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 127
YOUNG PROGRESSIVE CITIZEN'S COMMITTEE
1. Cited as a Communist front which is "a youth section of rhe Com-
munist Progressive Citizens of America. * * * Its chap-
ters are active in universities and colleges. It has never deviated
from the Communist Party line in any field."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
19^8, p. 393.)
YOUNG WORKERS LEAGUE
1. A Communist enterprise "later known as the Young Communist
League and still later as iVmerican Youth for Democracy."'
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, P- '^6.)
2. The name for the Young Communist I-eague in 1927.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, f. 118.)
ZERO HOUR PARADE
1. Cited as an organization "of Communist complexion."
{New York City Council Committee investigating the
Municipal Civil Service C ommission.)
PUBLICATIONS
ACTION
1. Among publications which "the committee has found * * * ^.^
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 221^.)
ACTION BULLETIN
1. Among publications which "the committee has found * * * to
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system." A publication of the Civil
Rights Congress.
{California Com^nittee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19 k8, p. 224.)
ACTION FOR TODAY
1. Among publications which "the committee has found * * * (q
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
ACTION NOW
1. "Official organ of the Civil Kigiits Congress."
{Congressional Committee on Un-Atnerican Activities. Re-
port No. 1115, September 2, 191^7, p. 3.)
84051°— 51-
128 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
ALLIED LABOR NEWS SERVICE
1. Among publications which "tlie committee has found * * * to
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system.."
{^California Coinmittee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.224.)
AMERASIA
1. Among publications which "the committee has found * * * to
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
AMERICAN QUARTERLY ON THE SOVIET UNION
1. Cited as the name under which the American Review on the Soviet
Union, official organ of the American Russian Institute, was
previously published.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8,p.l69.)
AMERICAN REVIEW ON THE SOVIET UNION
1. Cited as the official organ of the American Russian Institute.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 169.)
AMONG FRIENDS
1. Among publications which "the committee has found * * * to
be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced
as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
ANTI-NAZI NEWS
1. "Ursula Daniels, Young Communist League member, was the cir-
culation manager of the Anti-Nazi News published by the Holly-
wood Anti-Nazi League. The name of this publication was
changed to News of the World, and finally to Now.]'
{California Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
1948, p. 250.)
ARBEITER, DER
1. Cited as a "German Communist Weekly."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
AYD IN ACTION
1. A publication of the American Youth for Democracy, and among
those publications which "the committee has found * * * to be
Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as
to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
BLACK AND WHITE
1. "This monthly 'literary' magazine was a Communist-controlled
publication in Los Angeles. Under the editorship of Wilbur
Needham, the periodical began publication June 1939 * * *
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 129
Herbert A. Klein, former organizer of Unit 140 of the Commu-
nist Party of Los Angeles, was also an associate editor of Black
and White."
{California Committee on IJn- American Activities^ Report,
lOJfS, p. 193.)
BOOK UNION BULLETIN
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the S'talin solar system,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
194S, p. 221)
CALIFORNIA EAGLE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Co7nmittee on Un-American Activities., Report,
1948, p. 22k.)
CAMBRIDGE PEOPLE'S VOICE
1. Cited as a Communist publication.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 300.)
CHALLENGE
1. Cited as a publication which "began in March 1950 under the
sponsorship of the Labor Youth League" and which "was en-
dorsed by William Z. Foster, chairman of the Communist Party."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
House Report No. 378. on the Communist '"'Peace'' Offen-
sive, April 25, 1051, original date, Ajyril 1, 1951. p. 81.)
CHAMPION LABOR MONTHLY
1. "An official organ of the Young Communist League."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, P- 102.)
CHAMPION OF YOUTH (or Champion)
1. "Official organ of the Younw Communist League and also of
the International Workers Order."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
June 25, 191^2, p. 17; also cited in Report, March 29, 19 LL
p. 139.)
2. "Official organ of the Young Communist League," published by
Champion of Youth Publishers, 2 East Twenty -third Street, New
York City. "The Young Communist League made a practice of
giving subscriptions to Champion of Youth to all members who
paid their initiation fee. The periodical was also used as an
official publication of the International Workers Order which
had printed on the cover of its copies 'IWO Edition.' "
{California Committee on Un-American Activities Report,
191^8, pp. 197 and 338.)
130 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
3. "Identified by David Grad (David Grant) , local head of the Young
Communist League, while testifying before this Commission, as
being sponsored by his organization."
{Massachusetts House G ommittee on JJ v- American Activities^
Report, 193S, y. 186.)
CHART, THE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{Calif omia Committee on Vn- American Activities., Report.,
191^8, p. 22 Jf.)
CHICAGO STAR
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 22 J,.)
CHINA AID NEWS
1. Cited as the official organ of the Communist front, the Washington
(D. C.) Committee for Aid to China.
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. IkS.)
CHINA TODAY
1. Cited as a magazine "published by the Communist front, Friends of
the Chinese People, at 168 West Twenty-third Street, New York
City."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 198.)
2. Distributed by the Communists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston,
Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
CIVIL RIGHTS NEWS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jt8, p. 22 J^.)
CLARITY
1. Among publications which the committee, found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 224.)
CLIPPER
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 224.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 131
COMMUNIST, THE
1. "Official, monthly organ of the Communist Party,"
{Special Committee on Un-Am,erican Activities^ Report^
March 29, 1944j V' ^> ^^^^ cited in Report, January 3, 191^1,
p. 12.)
2. "Official organ of the Communist Party of America."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 209, April 1, 19If7, p. 15.)
3. "Official, theoretical organ of the Communist Party," now known
as Political Affairs.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, pp. 252 and 267.)
4. "A monthly magazine published by the Communist Party, U. S. A."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 82.)
CONGRESS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 22^.)
CONGRESS VIEWS
1. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
191^8, p. h9.)
DAILY PEOPLE'S WORLD
1. "The official organ of the Communist Party on the west coast."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19Ji.Jf., p. 95; also cited in Report, January 3, 19Jfl.
p. 10.)
2. "West Coast mouthpiece of the Communist Party * * * pub-
lished by the Pacific Publishing Foundation, Inc., in San Fran-
cisco. * * * The San Francisco office is located at 590 Folsom
Street and the Los Angeles office is at 206 South Spring Street."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 31^.)
DAILY WORKER
1. "The chief journalistic mouthpiece of the Communist Party
* * * founded in response to direct instructions from the
Communist International in Moscow. * * * xhe first issue
of the Daily Worker appeared on January 13, 1924. * * *
No other paper or publication of any kind in all American his-
tory has ever been loaded with such a volume of subversive, sedi-
tious, and treasonable utterance as has this organ of the Ameri-
can Communists."
{Special Com^nnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19^, pp. 59 and 60; also cited in Reports, Jan-
uanj 3, 1939, p. 30; January 3. 191^0, p. 7; January 3, 191^1,
p. U; and June 25, 19Jt2, p. Jf.)
132 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. "Official Communist Party, U. S. A., organ."
{C ongressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19If8, p. U-)
3. Cited as a "New York Communist daily newspaper, circulated
nationally/' and as "the official national publication of the Com-
munist Party."
{Calif ornia Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
10If8.pp.Jt9and2l2.)
4. "The chief news organ of the Communist Party is the Daily Worker
which also publishes a Sundaj^ edition."
{M assachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 279.)
DESTEPTEREA
1. A Roumanian weekly which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address: 6527 Russell Street, Detroit,
Mich.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
DIRECTION
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 221)
DISTRICT CHAMPION
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jt8,p.22Jt.)
EASTSIDE JOURNAL
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19 kS, V' ^^4-)
ECONOMIC NOTES
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, J). 224.)
EMPROS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-Ameiican Activities, Report,
194s, p. 224.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 133
2. A Greek daily which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address : 344 East Thirty-second Street, Nevv
York City, N. Y.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
ENAKOPRAVNOST (Equality, Slovene)
1. Cited as a publication which "supported the United Committee of
South Slavic Americans which is Communist controlled."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated or-
ganizations, House Report No. 1951, April '26, 1950 {orig-
inally released June 26, 1949) , p. 75.)
EQUALITY
1. Cited as a Communist Party enterprise.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 1^9.)
2. Arnong publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 224.)
EQUAL JUSTICE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
ETEENPAIN
1. A Finnish Federation publication which is amon^ those publica-
tions which the committee found "to be Communist initiated and
controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
2. A Finnish daily which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address: 35 East Twelfth Street, New York
City, N. Y.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
FACTS FOR FARMERS
1. Among those publications which the committee found "to be Com-
munist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be
in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 224.)
FACTS FOR WOMEN
] . Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committer on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.) ' ^ '
134 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
FIGHT
1. Cited as the official organ of the American League Against War and
Fascism, later known as the American League for Peace and
Democracy.
{Special Covnnittee on IJn- American Activities^ Report^
March 29, 1944, VV- ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^i ^^^^^ cited in Report, June
25, 1942, p. 15.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 225.)
3. A publication of the American League for Peace and Democracy,
which was distributed by the Communists' Progressive Book
Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
FILM NEWS
L A publication of Associated Film Audiences and among publica-
tions which the committee found "to be Communist initiated and
controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
FOCUS ON YOUTH
1. An American Youth for Democracy publication.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 183.)
FOR A LASTING PEACE; FOR A PEOPLE'S DEMOCRACY
1. "The Cominform's official publication, entitled, in accordance with
typical Communist double talk, 'For a Lasting Peace; For a
People's Democracy,' is a new vehicle for directives from the
Soviet Union to the other Communist Parties of the world."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 1948, p. 84.)
FRATERNAL OUTLOOK
1. Cited as a publication of the International Workers Order and
"among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, pp. 49 and 225.)
FREIHEIT (See Morning Freiheit)
FRIDAY
1. Cited as "Communist controlled."
{Special Connmittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, P- 14^.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 135
GERMAN-AMERICAN
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
1^8,^.225.)
GLAS NORODA (The People's Voice, Slovene)
1. Among those publications which the committee found that "follows
the Communist line."
(Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
isations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 1949) , p. 74.)
GLOS LUDOWY (People's Voice, Polish)
1. Cited as a publication which "has never faltered in this program of
active cooperation with the Soviet regime * * * Two men
who have been responsible for directing the policy of Glos
Ludowy are avowed members of the Communist Party,, U. S. A.
* * * Glos Ludowy stops at nothing in its frantic efforts
to glorify the Soviet Union."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
isations. House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 1949), pp. 70 and 71.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-Americo/n Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
GUILD LAWYER
1. Cited as an official publication of the National Lawyers Guild.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the National Lawyers Guild, House Report No.
3123, September 21, 1950 {originally released September
17,1950).)
HEALTH AND HYGIENE
1. Organ of the Medical Advisory Board of the Daily Worker and
among publications found "to be Communist imitated and con-
trolled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
HOLLYWOOD INDEPENDENT
1, An organ of the Hollywood Independent Citizens Committee of
the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, and among those publications
found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly
influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
136 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
HOLLYWOOD QUARTERLY
1. Cited as a "Communist project" sponsored jointly by the Commu-
nist front, the Hollywood Writers Mobilization, and the Uni-
versitv of California at Los Angeles. The first issue appeared
in October 1945.
{California Committee on Vn-Amencan Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 257 and 258.)
HONOLULU RECORD
1. Cited as a front for the Communist Party.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities. Re-
port on the HoQiolulu Record, Octoher 1, 1950.)
HOUR
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in thp
Stalin solar system,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
IJA MONTHLY BULLETIN
1. Cited as "a publication of the International Juridical Association
which combined with the Lawyers Guild Review, an official organ
of the National Lawyers Guild."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the National Lawyers Guild, House Report No.
3123, September 21, 1950 {originally released September
17, 1950), p. 13.)
IN DEFENSE OF PEACE
1. Cited as being the omcial organ of the World Peace Congress, a
Communist front.
{Congressional Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, House
Report No. 378, on the Communist "Peace"' Offensive, Ajyril
25, 1951, original date, AjJril 1, 1951, p. 16.)
INDEPENDENT
1. A publication of the Communist front, Independent Citizens Com-
mittee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, and among publi-
cations found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so
strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
INDONESIAN REVIEW
1. A publication of the American Committee for Free Indonesia and
among publications found "to be Communist initiated and con-
trolled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
INDUSTRIAL JOURNAL
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 137
IN FACT
1. Cited as a Communist front whose president and editor is George
Seldes.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
March29,19U,V-^S-)
2. A "Communist newsletter * * * written and published by
George Seldes."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. US.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania Commonwealth Counsel before the reviexoing
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 1942.)
INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE
1. Organ of the Soviet International Union of Eevolutionary Writers,
or the International Bureau of Revolutionary Literature.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. kU-)
INTERNATIONAL PRESS CORRESPONDENCE (INPRECORR)
(IMPRECORR)
1. "The organ of the Communist International."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, Jan-
uary 3, 1939, p. 79.)
2. "Official weekly press organ of the Communist International.'*
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. £09, April 1, 19Jf7, p. 1^1.)
JEWISH LIFE
1. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions." Published by the Morning Freiheit Association, Inc.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, pp. If9 and 225.)
2. A Communist International publication distributed by the Com-
munists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
JEWISH PEOPLE'S VOICE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It8, p. 225.)
JEWISH SURVEY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
JEWISH VOICE
1. "Published by the National Council of Jewish Communists."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
138 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
LABOR ACTION
1. The official organ of tke Independent Socialist League, formerly
the Workers Party.
{Attorney General J. Howard McGrath^ letter to Loyalty
Review Board, released September 29^ 1949.)
LABOR DEFENDER
1. A "Communist magazine,"
{Special Committee on V n-Atnerican Activities, Report,
June 25, 19^2, p. 18.)
2. An International Labor Defense publication, which is "typical" of
the Communist publications.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 4S and 266.)
3. Organ of the International Labor Defense distributed by the Com-
munists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 281.)
LABOR HERALD
1. "Official organ of the Communist Trade Union Education League."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
LABOR HERALD (OF THE CALIFORNIA CIO)
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
LABOR NEWS BULLETIN
1. "Issued by Communist Party of Massachusetts."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 157.)
LABOR NOTES
1. A publication of the Labor Research Association, distributed by the
Communists' Progressive Book Shop of Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Confimittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
LABOR UNITY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
LABORS' NEWS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, j>. 225.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 139
LAISVE
1. A Lithuanian daily which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address : 4G Ten Eyck Street, Brooklyn,
N. Y.
(Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
LAWYERS GUILD REVIEW
1. Cited as "an official organ of the National Lawyers Guild."
{Congressional Conitnittee on Un-Am,erican Activities, Re-
port on the National Latoyers Guild, House Report No.
3123. September 21, 1950 {originally released September
17, 1950), p. 13.)
LETTER
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19JiB, p. 225.)
LIBERATOR
1. A "Communist magazine."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report, June
25,194£,p.lS.)_
2. Among publications which the committee foimd "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Comrnittee on Un-American Activities, Report^
19If8, p. 225.)
LUDOVE NOVINY (People's News, Slovak)
1. Cited as a publication which "is published at the same address as
Ludovy Dennik, maintains exactly the same editorial policy, and
has the same editor * * * jg officially owned by the same
three individuals who owned Ludovy Dennik * * *."
{Congressional Cominittee on Un-AmericoM Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 19Ii9) , p. 61.)
LUDOVY DENNIK (People's Daily, Slovak)
1. Cited as a publication to "spread the Communist word to its Slovak
readers with material secured from the Daily Worker * * *
thus characterized out of its own pages as a unit of the Com-
munist press."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations. House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 191^9, p. 61.)
2. A Slovak daily which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address : 1510 West Eighteenth Street, Chi-
cago, 111.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
140 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
L'UNITA DEL POPOLO
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report^
WIS, p. ^25.)
L'UNITA OPERAIA
1. An Italian monthly which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address: 37 East Twelfth Street, New
York City, N. Y.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. £80.)
MAINSTREAM (See also Masses and Mainstream)
1. A Marxist quarterly launched by the Communist Party in January
1947 for the avowed purpose of stimulating "Marxist thinking
in literature and the creative arts." It later merged with New
Masses, "the weekly journalistic voice of the Communist Party."
{California C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
1947, p. 106, and 19^8, p. SIfi.)
MASSES (5ee also New Masses and Masses and Mainstream)
1. The "journalistic voice of the Communist Party," and "suppressed
by the United States Government for its subversive policies."
It was later known as New Masses, which recently merged with
Mainstream, a Marxist quarterly launched by the Communist
Party in the field of literature and the creative arts.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports,
1947, p. 106, and 191^8, p. 340.)
MASSES AND MAINSTREAM
1. Cited as the successor to New Masses, "a Communist magazine."
{Coiigressional Committee on Un-Ameiican Activities. House
Report No. 1953. on the Congress of American Women.
April 26, 1050 ( originalhj released October 23, 1949), p. 75. )
2. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and
publications."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 40.)
MICHIGAN HERALD
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
MIDWEST DAILY RECORD
1. An official Communist Party organ in Chicago, 111.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 140; also cited in Report, January S,
1940, p. 11.)
2. Cited as a Communist publication.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 93.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 141
MORNING FREIHEIT
1. A "Communist Yiddisli daily."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record^
Septemher 2If, 191(2, p. 7686.)
2. "The Freiheit has been one of the rankest organs of Commvinist
propaganda in this country for ahiiost a quarter of a century."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities., Report.,
March 29, 19U, V- ^^O
3. "The official Communist newspaper published in the Yiddish
tongue. For many years, M. J. Olgin was editor of Freheit.
Olgin was one of the outstanding leaders of the Communist
Party in the United States for 20 years."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 21(2.)
4. "One of the daily papers published by the Communist Party.
{Massachusetts House Convmittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 331.)
NAILEBEN
1. Naileben (New Life) is the official publication of the Communist
organization, Icor, which is purportedly organized in the interest
of the Jewish people.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
^ 191(8, p. 261.)
2. A Jewish and English publication of Icor, distributed by the Com-
munists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
NARODNA VOLYA (People's Will, Macedonian-Bulgarian)
1. Cited as a publication which "may be read in vain for any hint
of criticism of the present Communist regime in Bulgaria * * *
Narodna Volya grasps every opportunity to laud the Soviet
Union * * * may be safely considered as the organ, in the
Bulgarian language, of the Communist Party and the Ameri-
can Slav Congress."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report on, the American Slav Congress and associated
organizations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950
{originally released June 26, 19J(9), pp. 66-68.)
NARODNI GLASNIK (Croatian)
1. Cited as Communist.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 191(9) , p. 15.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities.. Report,
19 h8, p. 225.)
142 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
NATIONAL ISSUES
1. A publication of the National Committee of the Communist Party.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report.
1948, p. 225.)
NATIONAL LAWYERS GUILD QUARTERLY
1. Cited as an official publication of the National Lawyers Guild.
{Congressional Committee on TJn- American Activities. Re-
port on the National Lawyers Guild, House Report No.
3123, September 21, 1950 {originally released Septemher
17,1950).)
NEGRO CHAMPION
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
NEGRO DIGEST
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
NEGRO QUARTERLY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California, Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
NEW AFRICA
1. A monthly bulletin which is the official publication of the Council
on African Affairs, a Communist front formerly known as the
International Committee on African Affairs.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 320.)
NEW CURRENTS
1. A publication of the Committee of Jewish Writers, Artists, and
Scientists, Inc., and among publications which the committee
found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly
influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1947, p. 210, and 1948, p. 225.)
NEW MASSES (See also Masses and Masses and Mainstream)
1. A "Communist periodical."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 24, 1942, p. 7688.)
2. "Nationally circulated weekly journal of the Communist Party
* * * whose ownership was vested in the American Fund
for Public Service" (Garland Fund).
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944-, VV- h8 and 75; also cited in Reports, Janu-
ary 3, 1939, p. 80; and June 25, 1942, pp. 4 and 21.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 143
3, "Until its recent merger with Mainstream, the New Masses has been
the weekly journalistic voice of the Communist Party. Its first
appearance was as a monthly. As the Masses, it was suppressed
by the United States Government for its subversive policies."
Mainstream was launched by the Communist Party in January
19i7, dealing with the field of literature and creative arts.
{Calif o^^da Committee on TJn- American Activities, Reports,
1947, p. 160, and WlfS, p. 340.)
4. Issued from Communist presses and distributed by the Communists'
Progressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachv setts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, pp. 281 and U3.)
NEW ORDER
1. A publication of the International Workers Order and among pub-
lications which the committee found "to be Communist initiated
and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin
solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
2. Official organ of the International Workers Order.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 374.)
NEW PIONEER
1. "The Communist Party's official publication for children," which
was edited by Helen Kay, a member of the Communist Party for
at least 12 years.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 121.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar s^-stem."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
3. A magazine which was the "official organ of the Young Pioneers
(class-hatred training organization of the Communist Party, of
the International Workers Order, and of various language
groups supporting the Communist Party)."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 146.)
NEW THEATRE
1. A Communist Party publication.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 121.)
2. Official organ of the League of Workers Theatres, "a Communist
project."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report.
1948, p. 278.)
84051°— 51 10
144 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
NEW TIMES
1. Cited as an "internationally circulated Communist publication"
published in Moscow. "Its purpose is obviously to guide the
policy of Communist Parties throughout the world." Its prede-
cessors were the War and the Working Classes, World News and
Views, and Inprecorr (Imprecorr).
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19^8, ff. 23, 25, and 4B.)
2. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions."
(California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. Ji9.)
NEW WORLD
1. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 49.)
NEW WORLD REVIEW ' (See Soviet Russia Today)
NEWS OF THE WORLD
1. The name of the publication of the Communist front, Hollywood
Anti-Nazi League, was changed from Anti-Nazi News to News
of the World, and finally to Now.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, p. 250.)
NEWS OF WORLD LABOR
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
NEWS ON SPAIN
1. A publication of the Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade and
among those publications found "to be Communist initiated and
controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 225.)
NOVY MIR
1. Cited as a "Communist enterprise" which was among the benefici-
aries of the American Fund for Public Service (Garland Fund).
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 191^, p. 76.)
2. Novy Mir ("Workers of the World Unite") is among publications
which the committee found "to be Communist initiated and
controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 145 and 225.)
^Name of iniblication, Soviet Russia Today, changed to New World Review, March 1951.
Citation of Soviet Russia Today api>lies to new title.
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 145
3. "The Communist newspaper Novy Mir is the official newspaper for
the Russian section of the International Workers Order.' _
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, j). 390.)
NOW
1. The name of the publication of the Communist front, the Holly-
wood Anti-Nazi League, was changed from Anti-Nazi News to
News of the World, and finally to Now.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 250.)
NY TID
1. Amon^ publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{Calif orriia Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 235.)
OBRANA
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
2. A Czech weekly which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address: 3624 W^est Twenty-sixth Street,
Chicago, 111.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
OUR WORLD
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
PACIFIC WEEKLY
1. "This Communist publication w^as alleged to be 'a western journal
of fact and opinion.' It was published at Carmel, Calif. The
editor and publisher was W. K. Bassett. Ella Winter, veteran
California Communist, was literary editor."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948. p. 341.)
PAN PACIFIC MONTHLY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
146 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
PANVOR
1. An Armenian weekly which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address : P. O. Box 168 Station F, New
York City, N. Y.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
PARTY ORGANIZER
1. "The organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party,
United States of America."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, Congressional Record,
September 21^, 191^, p. 7683.)
2. "Official Communist Party magazine."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19 U, P- 181.)
3. "Official internal organ of the Communist Party of the United
States, intended for the enlightenment of party members only."
{Congressional Committee on Un- American Activities, Re-
port No. 209, April 1, 191^7, p. 19.)
4. Identified by Communist William Schneiderman as the official pub-
lication of the National Committee of the Communist Party of
the United States.
{Calif omia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191f8, p. 10.)
5. "A magazine for active Communists."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 315.)
PEOPLE'S DAILY WORLD (See Daily People's World)
PEOPLE'S PRESS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Commu-
nist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be
in the Stalin solar system,"
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
PEOPLE'S VOICE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 kS, p. 225.)
PEOPLE'S WORLD (See Daily People's World)
PHOTO-HISTORY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
2. A Communist International publication distributed by the Com-
munists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 281.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 147
PICTURE DIGEST
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
PICTURE SCOOP
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
POLITICAL AFFAIRS
1. Cited as an "official Communist Party monthly theoretical organ."
"Political Affairs, formerly known as The Communist, 'a maga-
zine of the theory and practice of Marxism-Leninism published
monthly by the Communist Party of the United States of
America,' now calls itself 'a magazine devoted to the theory
and practice of Marxism-Leninism.' Its chief editor is Eugene
Dennis, executive secretary of the party."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 1948, pp. 5 and 36; also cited in
Report No. 209, April 1, 1947, p. 25.)
2. New name for the monthly ideological publication of the Commu-
nist Party, The Coinmunist,
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 252.)
PROGRESSIVE CITIZEN
1. Published in Xew York by the Communist front, Progressive Citi-
zens of America.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 354-) '
PROLETAREC (Proletarian, Slovene)
1. Cited as a publication which "has supported the Slovenian-Amer-
ican National Council."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated or-
ganizations. House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {orig-
inally released June 26, 1940) , p. 74.)
PROTESTANT (See Protestant Digest)
PROTESTANT DIGEST
1. "A magazine which has faithfully propagated the Communist
Party line under the guise of being a religious journal."
{Special Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
March 29, 1944, p. 48.)
2. A "Communist publication" later known as The Protestant.
{California Com/mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, pp. 93, 225, and 320.)
148 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
RADNICKI GLASNIK
1. A Croatian daily which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address: 1625 Bhie Island Avenue, Chi-
cago, 111.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
RADNIK
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report,
19 1^8, p. 225.)
RAILROAD WORKERS LINK
1. "Among typical examples of the Communist press and publica-
tions."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 J^, p. 49.)
READER'S SCOPE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191)8, p. 225.)
REPORTER
1. Publication of the Communist front, National Council of Ameri-
can-Soviet Friendship.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191(8, p. 225.)
REPORT FROM WASHINGTON
1. Publication of the Communist front. Independent Citizens Com-
mittee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
REPORT ON WORLD AFFAIRS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
. {California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
REVOLUTIONARY AGE
1. The "official organ of the Communist Party" and "devoted to the
overthrow of the United States Government." With head-
quarters in Boston, Louis Fraina, "the first Communist editor in
the United States," edited the Revolutionary Age. "In an issue
of his magazine dated July 12, 1919, Fraina called for 'the
annihilation of the fraudulent democracy of the parliamentary
system.' "
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
June 25, 1942, pp. 6 and 17.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 149
SALUTE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar sj'stem." ^
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report^
lOJfS, J). 225.)
SAZNANIE
1. Cited as a publication of the Bulgarian section of the Communist
Party.
(California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report.,
19Jf8, J). 225.)
2. A Bulgarian weekly which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address : 1343 East Ferry, Detroit, Mich.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
SCIENCE AND SOCIETY
1. Cited as a Communist publication.
{Special Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
M arch 29, 19 1^}^., p. 96.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Commu-
nist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be
in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WIfS, p. 225.)
3. Cited as a Z.Iarxian quarterly distributed by the Communists' Pro-
gressive Book Shop in Boston, Mass. William T, Parry, direc-
tor of the Communist Progressive Labor School in Boston, is the
managing editor.
{Massachusetts House Comtnittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 281 and 28^.)
SCOOP
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Commu-
nist initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be
in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 IS, P- 225.)
SLAVIC AMERICAN
1. Cited as the official organ of the American Slav Congress.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {origi-
nally released June 26, 191^9), p. 1.)
SLOBODNA RECH (Free Expression, Serbian)
1. Cited as a publication designed to "work for the organization of
the American Slav Congress * * * Slobodna Rcch has con-
sistently indicated to the American Serbians that only the Com-
munist Party has been constantly right * * * Attacks on
United States foreign and domestic policies are now featured
just as prominently in Slobodna Rech as they are in the Daily
150 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
Worker. * * * There is no attempt at subtlety in Slobodna
Rech's devotion to Russia. * * * "
{Congressional Committee on JJn-Am^erican Activities.
Report on the American Slav Congress and associated
organizations, House Report No. 1951., April 26, 1950
{originally released June 26, WJ^O), pp. 59 and 60.)
SOCIAL WORK TODAY
1. "A Communist magazine."
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U,V: ^^^•)
2. "This Communist periodical is published at 112 East Nineteenth
Street, New York City."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Reports
19 k8, p. 375.)
3. Cited as a Communist front.
{Pennsylvania C ommonioealth Counsel before the revieiving
hoard of the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance,
January 19^2.)
SOUTHERN PATRIOT
1. "Organ" of the Southern Conference for Human Welfare.
{Congressional Com?nittee on Un-Afnerican Activities, Re-
port No. 592, June 12, 1947, pp. 6 and 9.)
SOUTHERN WORKER
1. A monthly publication which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address: P. O. Box 572, Birming-
ham, Ala.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
SOVIET CULTURE
1. A publication of the American Russian Institute and among those
publications found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or
so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 hS, p. 225.)
SOVIET PICTORIAL
1. "Soviet Pictorial, carrying glorified photographs of life in the
Soviet Union, was a publication of the Friends of Soviet Russia."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 h8, p. 2ItS.)
SOVIET RUSSIA TODAY ^
1. Cited as a Communist front.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, V- -^^^Z ^^^^ <^^^^^ ^'^ Report, June 25, 191^2,
p. 21.)
2. Cited as a "Communist-front publication."
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, House
Report No. 1053, on the Congress of American Women,
April 2G, 1050 {originally released October 23, IO4O),
p. 108.)
1 Name of iniblicntion. Soviet Russia Today, chan":ea to New World Keview, March 1951.
Citation of S«ivi<>t Russia Today applies to new title.
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 151
3. Among the "more important"' Communist-front organizations "for
the sole purpose of carrying on propaganda on behalf of the
Soviet Union."
{Calif Oi^ia Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19JtS,p.l69.)
4. A magazine published by Friends of the Soviet Union and dis-
tributed by the Communists' Progressive Book Shop in Boston,
Mass. "The articles and pictures in this magazine seek to show
the great benefits and advantages enjoyed by Kussian workers,
stressing the theme that Kussia is the only successful nation in
the world toda3^"
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. £81 and 517.)
SOVIET SPORTS
1. A publication of the National Council of American-Soviet Friend-
ship-
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report^
1948, p. 225.)
SPOTLIGHT
1. "Official organ" of the American Youth for Democracy.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 271, ApHl 17, 1947, pp. 3 and h- )
2. "The official magazine of the American Youth for Democracy."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 186.)
SPOTLIGHT ON THE FAR EAST
1. Official publication of Committee for a Democratic Far Eastern
Policy, which was cited as Communist by Attorney General Tom
Clark.
{Attorney General Tom Clarh, letter to Loyalty Review
Board, released April 27, 1949.)
STATE OF AFFAIRS
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
STUDENT ADVOCATE
1. "Published by the Communist-front American Student Union at
112 East Nineteenth Street, New York City."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 377.)
2. "The official organ of the American Student Union."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities^
Report, 1938, p. 551.)
STUDENT OUTLOOK
1. A publication of the American Youth for Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
152 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT REVIEW
1. "Published by the Communist National Student League at 31 East
Twenty-seventh Street, New York City."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 377.)
TAC
1. A Theatre Arts Committee publication.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
T AND T— TREND AND TIME
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities. Report,
1948, p. 225.)
TEACHER-WORKER
1. Published by the Communist Party unit at the City College of New
York, according to Morris U. Schappes, Communist teacher who
was a member of the unit and edited the Teacher-Worker.
{Rapp-Coudert Committee, Report, 1942, pp. 297 and 298.)
TEENER'S TOPICS
1. A publication of the American Youth for Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
TEEN LIFE
1. A publication of the American Youth for Democracy.
{California Committee on Un-Amei'ican Activities. Report,
19 48, p. 225.)
THEATRE WORK SHOP
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 48, p. 225.)
TOILER
1. "The Toiler was the first Communist newspaper in the United
States. It was succeeded by the Daily Worker, published at
Communist Party headquarters in New York City."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 376.)
TOVERI
1. "Toveri ('The Comrade.' Organ of Communist Finns)."
{California Cormnittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
TRYBUNA ROBOTNICZA
1. "Official organ in Polish of the Communist Party."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANTZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 153
TYOLAISNAINEN
1. Tj^olaisiiainen ("The Working Woman") is among publications
which the committee found "to be Communist initiated and con-
trolled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar
s^'stem."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
194s, p. 225.) _
2. K Finnish weekly which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address : 35 East Twelfth Street, New
York City, N. Y.
(Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 280.)
TYOMIES
1. Tyomies ("The Workman") is among publications which the com-
mittee found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so
strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-Ainerican Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
2. A Finnish daily which the Communist Party admits is under Com-
munist influence. Address : P. O. Box 553, Superior, Wis.
{Massachusetts House Cojnmittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
UJ ELORE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19It8, p. 225.)
2. A Plungarian daily which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address: 1124 Buckeye Road, Cleveland,
Ohio.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report 1938, p. 280.)
UKRAINIAN DAILY NEWS
1. Cited as Communist.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
p)ort on the Ainerican Slav Congress and associated organ-
izations, House Report No. 1951, April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 1949) , p. 15.)
2. A Communist newspaper which the Communist Party itself aclmits
is under Communist influence. Address : 17 East Third Street.
New York City, N. Y.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, pp. 280 and 391.)
U. S. WEEK
1. Cited as a Communist front which received funds from the Robert
Marshall Foundation.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 1949, p. 11(8.)
154 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated ana controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-AmeHcan Activities, Report.
mS, p. 225.)
UNITED FARMER
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities.^ Report.
19J{8, p. 225.)
UUS ILM
1. Uus Ilm, ("The New World"), is an Estonian Communist weekly.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities.^ Report.,
19If8, p. 225.)
2. "The official newspaper read by members of the Estonian Workers'
Clubs of Massachusetts is 'tJus Ilm,' published by Communists
and included in the list of Communist newspapers submitted by
Earl Browder, chief of the Communist Party, U. S. A."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 159.)
VANGUARDA
1. A Portuguese Communist Party organ.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
1948, p. 225.)
VETERAN NEWS
1. Official organ of the Workers Ex-Servicemen's League.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities., Report,
19 IS, p. 385.)
VIDA OBRERA
1. Vida Obrera ("Workers' Life") is among publications which were
found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so strongly
influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities^ Report,
19 IS, p. 225.)
VILNIS
1. Vilnis ("The Surge"), a Lithuanian labor daily, is among publica-
tions found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so
strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities.^ Report,
wis, p. 225.)
2. A Lithuanian daily which the Communist Party admits is under
Communist influence. Address: 3116 South Halstead Street,
Chicago, 111.
{Massachusetts House C ommittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 155
VISTNIK (Messenger, Carpatho-Russian)
1. Cited as a publication whose editor "Varzaly is active in pro-Com-
munist Slav organizations. * * * News stories carry tlie credit
line of CTK— the Communist Czechoslovak Press Bureau at
Prague." , . . . d
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities^ Re-
port on tJie American Slav Congress and associated organi-
sations^ House Report No. 1951^ April 26, 1950 {originally
released June 26, 19If9), p. 62.)
VOICE OF ACTION
1. "A Communist magazine."
{Special Committee on Un-Amencan Activities, Report,
January 3, 1939, p. 75.)
VOICE OF FREEDOM
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-A'inerican Activities, Report,
191(8, p. 225.)
VOICE OF LABOR
1. "Official organ of the Workers Party of America."
{Congressional C ommittee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 209, April 1, WJ^l, p. hi-)
VOICE OF WORKING WOMEN
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in
the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191(8, p. 225.)
VOLUNTEER FOR LIBERTY
1. A publication of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, and among publica-
tions found "to be Communist initiated and controlled, or so
strongly influenced as to be in the Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 225.)
WAR AND THE WORKING CLASSES
1. Cited as an "internationally circulated Communist publication"
which has been succeeded by New Times.
{Congressional Committee on Un-AmeHcan Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 191(8, pp. 23 and JtS.)
WATERFRONT WORKER
1. "A mimeographed sheet published in San Francisco from Decem-
ber 1932 until 1936. It was first issued by the Marine Workers'
Industrial Union, identified as an affiliate of the Communist
Party."
{Attorney General Francis Riddle, in re Harry Bridges, May
28, 19Jf2, p. 10.)
156 SrUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
2. A Communist publication.
{Special Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report.
March29,19U,V-94-)
WESTERN WORKER
1. "A Communist Party newspaper."
{Special Gommittee on Un-American Activities. Report.
March 29, 19U,V'9->t')
2. "The old official Communist Party organ" replaced by the People's
Daily World of San Francisco.
{Galifornia Gommittee on Un-American Activities. Report,
19]^7,p.6Jf..)
3. A daily publication which the Communist Party itself admits is
under Communist influence. Address: 121 Haight Street, San
Francisco, California.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 280.)
WINNER
1. "The American Youth Congress publishes a magazine entitled
'Winner,' the editor of which is Barry Wood, Communist Party
name for Jeff Kibre, well-known party leader of southern
California."
{Attorney General Francis Biddle, G ongressional Record,
September 21^, 191i2, p. 7685.)
2. "Published by the American Youth Congress."
{Galifornia Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p. 182.)
WOMAN POWER
1. A publication of the Congress of American Women.
{Galifornia Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19Jf8, p 225.)
WOMAN TODAY
1. Cited as Communist front.
{Special Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 181.)
WOMEN TODAY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{Galifornia Gommittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p 225.)
WORCESTER WORKER
1. Published by the Communist Party of Worcester, Mass.
{Massachusetts House Gommittee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report 1938, p. 360.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 157
WORK
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{CaJifornia Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities, Report,
WJfS, p 225.)
WORKERS MONTHLY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{^California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19^8, p. 225.)
WORKERS' THEATRE
1. Predecessor of the New Theatre magazine, the official organ of the
League of Workers Theatres, a Communist project. The Work-
ers' Theatre had headquarters in San Francisco in the Ruthen-
berg House. Charles E. Kuthenberg was the first general secre-
tary of the Communist Party.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
191^8, pp. 231/ and 238.)
WORKING WOMAN
1. An official Communist Party magazine.
{Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
March 29, 19U, p. 181.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California C om/mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
WORLD FOR PEACE AND DEMOCRACY
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-Atnerican Activities, Report,
19 48, p. 225.)
WORLD NEWS AND VIEWS
1. Cited as an "internationally circulated Communist publication"
which was succeeded by the War and the Working Classes, and
more recently by New Times.
{Congressional Committee on Un-American Activities, Re-
port No. 1920, May 11, 19^8, pp. 23 and 43.)
2. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California C om/mittee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
158 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
YANKEE ORGANIZER
1. "Published by the Boston headquarters of the Communist Party."
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 156.)
YIDDISHER KULTUR FARBAND
1. Cited as subversive and Communist, and an affiliate of the Com-
munist Party, U. S. A., wliicli seeks "to alter the form of govern-
ment of the United States by unconstitutional means."
{Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Eeview
Board, released July 26, 19If9.)
YOUNG COMMUNIST REVIEW
1. Published by the National Board of the Young Communist League
of the United States.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 181.)
2. Successor to the Young Worker, Nation-wide magazine of the
Young Communist League.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties, Report, 1938, p. 185.)
YOUNG COMRADE
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19If8, p. 225.)
YOUNG FRATERNALIST
1. A publication of the International Workers Order.
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
WIS, p. 225.)
YOUNG PIONEER
1. Among publications which the committee found "to be Communist
initiated and controlled, or so strongly influenced as to be in the
Stalin solar system."
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
19 48, p. 225.)
YOUNG WORKER
1. A Nation-wide magazine of the Young Communist League; the
magazine was later called The Young Communist^ Review.
{Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report, 1938, p. 185.)
YOUTH
1. A publication of the Communist front, American Youth for
Democracy. .
{California Committee on Un-American Activities, Report,
1948, p. 225.)
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 159
ZAJEDNICAR (Brotherhood, Croatian)
1. Cited as a publication of the Croatian Fraternal Union. "Zajed-
nicar has consistently defended the Soviet Union and the 'Peo-
ple's Deniocracies" behind the iron curtain, and has just as con-
sistently attacked the United States."
{Congressional Committee on Un-A7nerican Activities^ Re-
port on the American Slav Congress and associated or-
ganizations, House Report No. 1951, April 20. 1950 {orig-
inally released June SG, 1940), p. 7 4.)
84051°— 51 11
APPENDIX
Note : The Committee on Un-American Activities is including the
consolidated list of organizations which have been designated as
within Executive Order No. 9835 by letters of November 24, 10-17,
May 27, 1948, April 21, 1949, July 20, 1949. September 26. 1949. Au-
gust 24, 1950, and September 5, 1950, and also letter dated April 18,
1951, according to the classifications of section 3, part III, of the
Executive order, being the following: Totalitarian, Fascist, Commu-
nist, subversive, those which liave ''adopted a policy of advocating or
ap]5roving the commission of acts of force and violence to deny others
their rights under the Constitution of the United States," and those
which ''seek to alter the form of government of the United States by
unconstitutional means."
United States Civil Service Commission.
Wasliington 25, D. C, November 16, 1950.
Memorandum No. 57.
To all executive departments and agencies.
Subject: Classification according to section 3, part III, of Executive Order
9835 of organizations previously designated by the Attorney General as
within the purview of the Executive order.
There are attached a copy of the Attorney General's letter of October 30, 19.50,
and a copy of the consolidated list prepared by the Attorney General of all the
organizations designated by the Attorney General as coming within the purview
of Executive Order 9835 according to the classification of section 3, part III, of
the Executive order.
Hari:t W. Blair.
Vice Chairman, Loyalty Review Board.
Enclosures.
Department of Justice,
Office of the Deputy Attorney General,
Washington, October 30, 1950.
Mr. Seth W. Richardson,
Chairman, Loyalty Review Board,
Civil Service Commission, Washington 25, D. C.
Dear Mr. Richardson : In accordance with the request contained in your letter
of September 28, 1950, to the Attorney General, I am transmitting herewith a
consolidated li.st of all the organizations which have been designated by the
Attorney General as coming within the purview "of Executive Order No. 9835
according to the classifications of section 3, part III, of the Executive order.
Tours sincerely,
Peyton Ford,
Deputy Attorney General.
160
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 161
CONSOLIDATED LIST OF ORGANIZATIONS PREVIOUSLY DESIGNATED
AS WITHIN EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 9835 BY LETTERS OF NOVEMBER
24, 1947, MAY 27, 1948, APRIL 21, 1949, JULY 20, 1949, SEPTEMBER 26, 1949,
AUGUST 24, 1950, AND SEPTEMBER 5, 1950, ACCORDING TO THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF SECTION 3, PART III, OF THE EXECUTIVE
ORDER
Totalitarian
Black Dragon Society.
Central Japanese Association (Beikoku Chno Nipponjin Kai).
Central Japanese Association of Southern California.
Dai Nippon Bntoku Kai (Military Virtue Society of Japan or Military Art So-
ciety of Japan).
Heimuska Kai, also known as Nokubei Heieki Gimusha Kai, Zaibel Nibonjin,
Heiyaku Gimusha Kai, and Zaibei Heimusha Kai (Japanese Residing in
America, Military Conscripts Association).
Hinode Kai (Imperial Japanese Reservists).
Hinomaru Kai (Rising Sun Flag Society — r group of Japanese war veterans).
Hokubei Zaigo Shoke Dan (North American Reserve Officers Association).
Japanese Association of America.
Japanese Overseas Central Society (Kaigai Dobo Chuo Kai).
Japanese Overseas Convention, Tokyo, Japan, 1940.
Japanese Protective Association (recruiting organization).
Jikyoku lin Kai (Current Affairs Association).
Kibei Seineu Kai (association of United States citizens of Japanese ancestry who
have returned to America after studying in Japan).
Nanka Teikoku Gunyudan (Imperial Military Friends Group or Southern Cali-
fornia War Veterans).
Nichibei Kogyo Kaisha (the Great Fujii Theater).
Northwest Japanese Association.
Peace Movement of Ethiopia.
Sakura Kai (Patriotic Society, or Cherry Association — composed of veterans
of Russo-Japanese War).
Shinto Temples.
Sokoku Kai (Fatherland Society).
Suiko Sha (Reserve Officers Association, Los Angeles).
Fascist
American Nationalist Party.
American National Labor Party.
American National Socialist League.
American National Socialist Party.
American Patriots, Inc.
Ausland-Organization der NSDAP, overseas branch of Nazi Party.
Association of German Nationals (Reichsdeutsche Vereinigung).
Central Organization of the German-American National Alliance (Deutsche-
Amerikanische Einheitsfront).
Citizens Protective League.
Committee for Nationalist Action.
Dante Alighieri Society.
Federation of Italian War Veterans in the U. S. A., Inc. (Associazione Nazionale
Combattenti Italiani, Fedorazione degli Stati Uniti d'America).
Friends of the New Germany (Freunde des Neuen Deutschlands).
German-American Bund (Amerikadeutscher Volksbund).
German-American Republican League.
German-American Vocational League ( Deutsche- Amerikanische Berufsgemein-
schaft).
Kyffhaeuser, also known as Kyffhaeuser League (Kyffhaeuser Bund), Kyff-
haeuser Fellowship (Kyffhaeuser Kameradschaft).
KTyffhaeuser War Relief (Kyffhaeuser Kreigshilfswerk).
Lictor Society (Italian Black Shirts).
Mario Morgantini Circle.
National Blue Star Mothers ol America.
Nationalist Action League.
162 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
Communist
Abraham Lincoln Brigade.
Abraham Lincoln School, Chicago, 111.
Action Committee To Free Spain Now,
American Association for Reconstruction in Yugoslavia, Inc.
American Branch of the Federation of Greek Maritime Unions.
American Committee for European Workers' Relief.
American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born.
American Committee for Spanish Freedom.
American Committee for Yugoslav Relief, Inc.
American Council for a Democratic Greece, formerly knovpn as the Greek
American Council ; Greek American Committee for National Unity.
American Council on Soviet Relations.
American Croatian Congress.
American Jewish Labor CounciL
American League Against War and Fascism.
American League for Peace and Democracy.
American Peace Mobilization.
American Polish Labor Council.
American Rescue Ship Mission (a project of the United American Spanish Aid
Committee).
American Russian Institute, New York.
American Russian Institute, Philadelphia.
American Russian Institute (of San Franci.sco).
American Russian Institute of Southern California, Los Angeles.
American Slav Congress.
American Youth Congress.
American Youth for Democracy.
Armenian Progressive League of America.
Boston School for Marxist Studies, Boston, Mass.
California Labor School, Inc., 216 Market Street, San Francisco, Calif.
Central Council of American Women of Croatian Descent, also known as Central
Council of American Croatian Women, National Council of Croatian Women.
Citizens Committee To Free Earl Browder.
Citizens Committee for Harry Bridges.
Civil Rights Congress and its affiliated organizations, including —
Civil Rights Congress for Texas.
Veterans Against Discrimination of Civil Rights Congress of New York.
Comite Coordinador Pro Republica Espanola.
Committee for a Democratic Far Eastern Policy.
Commonwealth College, Mena, Ark.
Communist Party, U. S. A., its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and affiliates, in-
cluding—
Citizens Committee of the Upper West Side (New York City).
Committee To Aid the Fighting South.
Daily Worker Press Club.
Dennis Defense Committee.
Labor Research Association, Inc.
Southern Negro Youth Congress.
United May Day Committee.
United Negro and Allied Veterans of America.
Yiddisher Kultur Farband.
Communist Political Association, its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and affiliates,
including —
Florida Press and Educational League.
Peoples Educational and Press Association of Texas.
Virginia League for Peoples Education.
Connecticut State Youth Conference.
Congress of American Revolutionary Writers.
Congress of American Women.
Council on African Affairs.
Council for Pan-American Democracy.
Detroit Youth Assembly.
Emergency Conference To Save Spanish Refu^^es (founding body of the North
American Spanisli Aid Committee).
V
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 163
Friends of the Soviet Union.
George Washington Carver School, Nevp York City.
Hawaii Civil Liberties Committee.
Hollywood Writers Mobilization for Defense.
Hungarian-American Council for Democracy.
Independent Socialist League.
International Labor Defense.
International Workers Order, its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and afBliates, in-
cluding—
American-Russian Fraternal Society.
Carpatho-Russian Peoples Society.
Cervantes Fraternal Society.
Croatian Benevolent Fraternity.
Finnish-American Mutual Aid Society.
Garibaldi American Fraternal Society.
Hellenic-American Brotherhood.
Hungarian Brotherhood.
Jewish Peoples Fraternal Order.
People's Radio Foundation, Inc.
Polonia Society of the IWO.
Romanian-American Fraternal Society.
Serbian-American Fraternal Society.
Slovak Workers Society.
Ukrainian-American Fraternal Union.
Jefferson School of Social Science, New York City.
Jewish Peoples Committee.
Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.
Joseph Weydemeyer School of Social Science, St. Louis, Mo.
Labor Youth League.
League of American Writers.
Macedonian-American People's League.
Michigan Civil Rights Federation.
Michigan School of Social Science.
National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners.
National Committee To Win the Peace.
National Conference on American Policy in China and the Far East (a conference
called by the Committee for a Democratic Far Eastern Policy).
National Council of Americans of Croatian Descent.
National Council of American-Soviet Friendship.
National Federation for Constitutional Liberties.
National Negro Congress.
Nature Friends of America (since 1933).
Negro Labor Victory Committee.
New Committee for Publications.
North American Committee To Aid Spanish Democracy.
North American Spanish Aid Committee.
Ohio School of Social Sciences.
Oklahoma Committee To Defend Political Prisoners.
Pacific Northwest Labor School, Seattle, Wash.
Partido del Pueblo of Panama (operating in the Canal Zone).
Peoples Educational Association (incorporated under name Los Angeies ±t;au-
cational Association, Inc.), also known as Peoples Educational Center, Peoples
University, People's School.
People's Institute of Applied Religion. ,
Philadelphia School of Social Science and Art.
Photo League (New York City).
Progressive German-Americans, also known as Progressive German-Americans
of Chicago.
Proletarian Party of America.
Revolutionary Workers League,
samuei Auaiiia Sv-cool, Boston, Mass.
Schappes Defense Committee.
Schneiderman-Darcy Detecoo Committee.
School of Jewish Studies, New Xorv City.
Seattle Labor School, Seattle, Wash.
164 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
Serbian Vidovdan Council.
Slovenian-American National Council.
Socialist AVorkers Party, including American Committee for European Workers'
Relief.
Socialist Youth League. ■■
Tom Paine School of Social Science, Philadelphia, Pa.
Tom Paine School of Westchester, N. Y.
Union of American Croatians.
United American Spanish Aid Committee.
United Committee of South Slavic Americans.
United Harlem Tenants and Consumers Organization.
Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade.
Walt Whitman School of Social Science, Newark, N. J.
Washington Bookshop Association.
Washington Committee for Democratic Action.
Washington Commonwealth Federation.
Wisconsin Conference on Social Legislation.
Workers Alliance.
Workers Party, including Socialist Youth League.
Young Communist League.
Subversive
Communist Party, U. S. A., its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and affiliates.
Communist Political Association, its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and affiliates, in-
cluding—
Florida Press and Educational League.
Peoples Educational and Press Association of Texas.
Virginia League for Peoples Education.
German-American Bund.
Independent Socialist League.
Partido del Pueblo of Panama (operating in the Canal Zone).
Socialist Workers Party.
Workers Party.
Young Communist League.
Organizations which have "adopted a policy of advocating or approving the
commission of acts of force and violence to deny others their rights under
the Constitution of the United States"
American Christian Nationalist Party.
Associated Klans of America.
Association of Georgia Klans.
Columbians. '
Knights of the White Camellia.
Ku Klux Klan.
Original Southern Klans, Inc.
Protestant War Veterans of the United States, Inc.
Silver Shirt Legion of America.
Organizations which "seek to alter the form of government of the United States
by unconstitutional means"
Communist Party, U. S. A., its subdivisions, subsidiaries, and affiliates.
Communist Political Association, its subdivisions, subsidiaries and affiliates,
including —
Florida Press and Educational League.
Peoples Educational and Press Association of Texas.
Virginia League for Peoples Education.
Independent Socialist League.
Industrial Workers of the World.
Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico.
Partido del Pueblo of Panama (operating in the Canal Zone), -•«
Socialist Workers Party.
Workers Party.
Young Communist League.
_■-■.■ w»- . ,
SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 165
Department of Justice,
Washington, D. C, April 18, 1951.
Mr. ITiKAM Bingham,
Chairman. Loijalty Rericic Board,
Civil Service Commission,
Washington 25, D. C.
Dear Mr. Bingham : Furtlier reference is made to your letter of January 17,
1901, and to my reply of March 14, 19ril, rey,arcling the Alabama Peoples Edupa-
tional Asi?ociat\on which, as you have been advised, is one of the subdivisions, of
the Communist Political Association designated by the Attorney General , as
coming within the scope of section 3, part III, of Executive Order No. OSo.j.
As you know, the Communist Political Association is designated as a Com-
munist organization, a subversive organization, and an organization which
"seeks to alter the form of government of the United States by unconstituti<inaI
means." The Alabama Peoples Educational Association as a subdivision of the
Communist Political Association falls within the same three categories of the
Executiv.^ order as does the parent organization.
Respectfully,
James M. McTnerney,
Assistant Attorncg General
( For the Attorney Geueinl ) .
Office. OF the, Attorney General,
Washington, D. C, April 25, 1951.
Mr. Hiram Bingham,
Chairman. Loiialty Review Board,
Civil Service Commission,
Washington 25, D.C.
Dear Mr. Bingham : In his letter of April 21. 1949, to your predecessor, Mr.
Richardson, Attorney General Clark designated the National Blue Star Mothers
of America as a Fascist organization within the meaning of Executive Order No.
9835. As you may be aware, another organization not designated bears a similar
title, namely, the Blue Star Mothers of .\merica. In order to avoid any further
confusion which may result in undue hardship for the Blue Star Mothers of
America, it will be appreciated if in future releases containing the designation
of organizations under P^xecutive Order No. 9835 you follow the words "National
Blu. Star Mothers of America" with the following phrase in parentheses: "Not
to be confused with the Blue Star Mothers of America organized in February
1942."
Sincerely,
J. Howard McGrath,
Attorney General.
DELETIONS
CROATIAN FRATERNAL UNION
This organization was described as one whose "entire organization
^.vas taken over by the Communists at its qtiadrennial convention lield
m Pittsburgh in September 1947 * * *. Tlie background of the
1947 convention of the CFU must be traced back to 1921 when Stephen
Zinich, under the guise of a news reporter, steered the Communist
cell at a Detroit convention." This description appeared in the rei^ort
of the congressional Committee on Un-American Activities dealing
with the Ameiican Slav Congress and associated organizations. House
Tteport 1901, April 20, 1950 (originally released June 2G, 1919). This
committee is now in veceii:)t of sworn affidavits from the ofticers of this
organization disavowing YAembershi]) or any association with tlie
Communist Party. While it appears tliat the information originally
reported concerning this organization was a.'iQurate, the organization
166 SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
appears to have repulsed the eiTorts of the Communist Party to
dominate it.
Tlie listing of this organization in the committee publication, Guide
to Subversive Organizations and Publications', March 3, 1951, edition,
page 44, is being deleted.
SLOVENE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY
Tliis organization vras originall}^ described by the congressional
Committee on Un-American Activities as being among "(he Comi-
munist-dominatecl organizations which have constituted a bulwark of
financial support for the American Slav Congress."' This description
was contained in the committee's report on the American Slav Con-
gress and Associated Organizations, House Report Xo. 1951, April
2G, 1950 (originally released June 26, 1949).
On the basis of information which has been supplied by the Slovene
National Benefit Society, the committee has conducted an^idditional
investigation as to the true nature and ])urposes of this society.
This investigation disclosed tliat, while it was true that the Slovene
National Benefit Society had financially assisted the American Slav
Congress by purchasing advertising space in the publication Slavic
American, the official organ of the American Slav Congress, this
assistance, though misguided, was not done with the intent of assisting
the American Slav Congress. Rather the Slovene National Benefit
Society used the Slavic American as a medium to attract individuals
to its fraternal insurance benefits.
Tlie committee has satisfied itself that the Slovene National Benefit
Society is not under Communist domination and since learning tlie
true nature of the American Slav Congress it has ceased to furnish
any aid, financial or otherwise, to the Congress or its afiiliates.
The reference to the Slovene National Benefit Society in the com-
mittee publication Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publica-
tions, iVIarch 3, 1951, edition, page 98, is being amended to reflect
these findings.
O
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