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p 

226 
L9 
1892 
MAIN 


UC-NRLF 


B    M    D27    D3D 


TO 


lANSUTERATION  OF   HINDU  AND 
MUHAMMADAN  NAMES 


IN 


THE  BENGAL  ARMY. 


PREPARED  AT  THE  REQUEST  OF  THE  GOVERNMENT  OF  INDIA, 

BY 
C.  J.  LYALL,  M.A.,  C.I.E., 

•  BENGAL  CIVIL  SERVICE. 


(THIRD  EDITION.) 


CALCUTTA : 

OFFICE  OF  THE  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  GOVERNMENT   PRINTING,   INDIA. 

I892. 


HORACE  W.  CARPENTIER 


GUIDE 


TO 


THE  TRANSLITERATION  OF  HINDU  AND 
MUHAMMADAN  NAMES 


IN 


THE   BENGAL   ARMY. 


PREPARED    AT   THE    REQUEST   OF   THE   GOVERNMENT   OF   INDIA, 

BY 

C.  J.  LYALL,  M.A.,  C.I.E., 

BENGAL   CIVIL    SERVICE. 

(THIRD  EDITION.) 


CALCUTTA: 

OFFICE  OF  THE  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  GOVERNMENT  PRINTING,  INDIA. 

1892. 


?226 


lq 
181* 

INTRODUCTION. 


Objects  of  this  Compilation.— In  1878  the  Govern- 
ment  of  India  were  desirous  of  introducing  greater  uniform- 
ity (as  had  already  been  done  in  the  civil  departments  of 
the  Administration)  in  the  transliteration  in  official  documents 
of  the  names  borne  by  native  soldiers  of  the  Bengal  Army, 
and  the  following  compilation  was  accordingly  undertaken 
with  a  view  to  furnish  a  guide  in  applying  the  principles  already 
recognized  in  the  official  system. 

Lists  were  made  over  to   me  containing  rolls  of  native 
names  in  the  following  regiments  : — 


1st  Native  Infantry. 

2nd  (Prince  of  Wales'  Own) 

Gurkhas. 
5th  Native  Light  Infantry. 
14th  Sikhs. 

20th  Punjab  Native   Infantry. 
23rd  Pioneers. 
33rd  Bengal  Infantry. 


35th  Bengal  Infantry. 

41st         Ditto. 

2nd  Bengal  Cavalry. 

3rd  Ditto. 

10th  Bengal  Lancers, 
nth  Ditto. 

14th  Bengal  Cavalry. 
15th  Ditto. 


I  subsequently  received  lists  of  names  from  the  43rd  Assam 
Light  Infantry  ;  but  these  proved  to  be  so  indistinctly  and 
irregularly  written,  and  to  contain  so  many  names  of  Jharii' 
was  (Meches,  Rabhas,  and  others  from  Goalpara),  Kachdris 
(from  Kamrup  and  Darrang),  Manipuris,  and  other  natives 
of  Assam  which  I  was  at  the  time  unable  to  fix  with  cer- 
tainty, that  I  was  obliged  to  exclude  them  from  the  compila- 
tion. From  the  lists  of  the  remaining  fifteen  regiments  the 
following  pages  have  been  compiled. 

2.  Materials  of  the  Compilation, — The  lists  supplied 
to  me  vary  much  in  copiousness.  For  some  regiments 
(notably   the  2nd  Gurkhas)  only  a  few  selected   names  have 

B 


been  given  ;  for  others  apparently  almost  the  whole  muster- 
roll  has  been  copied  out.  In  some  lists  the  castes,  as  well  as 
the  personal  names,  have  been  supplied  ;  in  others  not.  The 
names  have  been  written  in  the  vernacular  only  by  the  regi- 
mental munshis.  and  there  has  been  much  discrepancy  in 
spelling.  In  reproducing  them  here,  I  have  thought  it  best 
generally  to  accept  the  spellings  as  I  found  them.  In  some 
cases  these  peculiar  spellings  represent  local  varieties  of 
pronunciation  {e.g.  in  Dogra  names  in  the  list  of  the  20th 
Native  Infantry  there  is  a  constant  recurrence  of  a  doubled 
consonant  after  a  long  vowel,  as  Bhollu,  Suchetta,  Rasilla, 
&c,  which  is  contrary  to  the  rule  prevailing  in  most  parts  of 
Hindustan)  s  in  some  they  represent  a  more  genuine  verna- 
cular than  the  more  literary  and  usual  spellings  {e.g.  Siu  f^T3 
is  a  better  representation  of  the  sound  heard,  and  follows 
more  closely  the  laws  which  change  Sanskrit  words  into  Prd- 
krit,  than  the  commoner  Shiv  or  Shiu  fsm)  ;  but  in  the  ma- 
jority of  instances  the  difference  is  simply  one  of  greater  or 
less  conformity  to  the  Sanskrit  original.  There  is  a  constant 
tendency  on  the  part  of  Hindu  scribes  to  revert  to  the  original 
type,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  the  person  to  whom  the  name 
belongs  uses  it  in  its  vernacular  form  both  in  speaking  and 
writing.  Thus,  a  man  may  call  himself  Kisun  or  Kishan,  but 
the  regimental  pandit  will  write  him  down  Krishn  ;  he  may 
call  himself  Lachhman  or  Lakkhan,  but  appear  in  the  list  as 
Lakshman ;  and  so  on.  Between  the  strict  Sanskrit  form 
and  the  exact  reproduction  of  the  modern  vernacular  the 
gradations  are  numerous,  and  it  is  impossible  to  say  without 
hearing  a  man  pronounce  his  own  name  how  far  he  has  ac- 
commodated hi.nself,  or  has  been  accommodated  by  the  pan- 
dit, to  the  classical  standard. 

Nevertheless,  perhaps  because  these  lists  are  for  the  most 
part  made  for  practical  use,  and  the  men  are  actually  called 
every   day  by  their  names  as  entered  in   them,  they  exhibit 


less  pedantry  than  might  be  expected  ;  and,  as  a  collection  of 
genuine  Hindu  and  Musalman  names,  drawn  from  the  Punjab, 
the  North-Western  Provinces,  Oudh,  Bihar,  Rajputana,  the 
Himalayan  districts,  and  the  Trans-Indus  tracts,  they  are  of 
considerable  interest  and  value.  They  are  far  from  being  ex- 
haustive ;  any  one  familiar  with  the  people  who  reads  through 
the  names  under  a  single  letter  will  readily  supply  perhaps 
as  many  more  as  are  contained  in  this  compilation ;  but  for 
our  present  purpose  of  showing  how  such  names  may  be 
uniformly  spelt,  and  elucidating  the  principles  on  which  they 
are  formed,  they  are  sufficient. 

3.  Rules  for  transliteration. — The  system  of  trans- 
literation adopted  is  that  prescribed  by  the  Government  of 
India.  The  following  table  shows  the  equivalent  English, 
Devanagari,  and  Persian  letters  : — 


Vowels. 

Devanagari. 

Persia*. 

V 

1 

^T 

J 

* 

i 

* 

or) 

^ 

"1 

^ 

} 

W 

y 

^ 

«j 

^ 

J 

*ft 

V 

*ft 

;' 

Consonants 

3l 

_r 

W 

* 

-« 

t 



0 

English. 

a 

a 

i 

i 

u 

ri 

e 
ai 
o 
au 

k 

kh 
kh 
k 

B  2 


r 

rh 


Consonants — continued. 

Devandgari.  Persian.                                        English. 

T  ^S  g 

*  4  gh 

—  i         •  gh 

^  G  ch 

^  4^  chh 

*  e  i 

^r  j  j  ^>  Ji  z 

*fi  +*  jh 

—  J  zh 

Z  o  or  O  t 

3  4J*  or  «j  th 

*y  3  or  5  d 

<5  Jti  or  a5  dh 

^  A-j  or  *>} 

?T  Jo    O  t 

ST  «j  th 

<£  »  d 

>j  i»o  dh 

*T  ^  n 

XT  v  p 

xfi  4i  ph 

xjf  «-i  f 

^  V  b 

♦T  «J  bh 

n  <s  y 

*  J  r 

«T  J  1 

^  ^  v  or  w* 

*  The  v  sound  of  this  letter  is  in  Hindustan  usually  replaced  by  ^  b.    When  intended 
to  be  pionounced  as  to  it  commonly  receives  a  dot  underneath,  «^ 


5 

Consonants— continued. 

Devandgari. 

Persian.                                        English. 

H 

U*                                      sh 

V 

^  *f              sh  (more  usually  kh) 

H 

^     »  U*  >  U*                                                 s 

¥ 

«ij;                                                 h 

-&  - 

tw                                  n 

—  I 

In  using  the  above  table  for  the  conversion  of  vernacular 
names  into  the  Roman  character,  the  following  points  should 
be  borne  in  mind  : — 

4.  Rules  for  use  of  accents. — The  long  are  distin- 
guished from  the  short  vowels  by  the  acute  accent.  This 
expedient  has  two  defects:  (1)  it  prohibits  the  employment 
of  this  diacritical  mark  for  the  purpose  of  indicating  the 
tonic  accent  of  the  word,  which  frequently  does  not  fall  on 
the  syllable  in  which  a  long  vowel  occurs  ;  and  (2)  it  is  a 
difficulty  to  writers  and  printers,  who  are  apt  to  forget  the 
necessity  of  marking  a  long  vowel  with  an  accent.  To 
obviate  the  first,  it  is  desirable  to  restrict  as  far  as  possible 
the  application  of  the  accent  to  those  syllables  which  are  not 
only  long  but  also  bear  the  tonic  accent  ;  and  to  obviate  the 
second,  the  use  of  the  accent  should  be  as  sparingly  resorted 
to  as  is  consistent  with  the  due  pronunciation  of  the  word. 

It  is  very  rarely  necessary  to  mark  a  vowel  long  when  it 
ends  a  word  in  an  open  syllable  ;  this  is  because  in  such  a 
position  it  seldom  bears  the  tonic  accent,  and  because  it  is 
also,  in  the  form  uf  Hindi  to  which  these  names  belong,  in 
such  a  position  always  long.  Short  terminal  vowels  have  in 
the  modern  language  ceased  to  be  pronounced,  and  therefore 
such  names  as  Indar-man,  Lachhmi-pat,  though  often  pedan- 
tically written  t^rfa,  ^r^jfj"  iifrT,  should  not  be  read  as  of 
four,  but  as  of  three  syllables.  The  only  exception  where 
it  is  necessary  to  mark  terminal  vowels  as  long  is  when  such 


a  vowel  forms  an  imperfect  diphthong  with  a  preceding  short 
vowel,  as  in  the  names  Merai  ^ft,  Matau,  *Trf3\.  In  this 
position  it  receives  the  tonic  accent,  and  as  the  combination 
has  a  different  sound  from  the  pure  diphthong  ai  or  au,  it  is 
useful  to  mark  the  distinction  graphically. 

In  a  closed  syllable  at  the  end  of  a  word,  whether  the  letter 
following  the  long  vowel  be  a  complete  consonant  or  anu- 
nisika,  the  vowel  should  be  marked  by  an  accent,  as  in  such 
positions  it  ordinarily  receives  the  tonic  accent. 

When,  in  a  compound  name,  the  first  element  ends  in  a 
long  vowel  which,  if  the  first  element  stood  alone,  would  not 
be  accented,  the  accent  in  the  compound  falls  (in  the  absence 
of  sandhi,  or  fusion)  on  the  same  syllable  as  would  receive 
it  if  the  words  stood  apart ;  and  therefore  in  these  cases 
also  it  is  not  necessary  to  mark  the  vowel  long.  Thus,  1TWT> 
^5ft,  ^T5f,  standing  alone,  would  be  written  Ganga,  Debi, 
Sarju,  not  Ganga,  Debi,  Sarju  :  aud  the  compound  names 
Ganga-dhar,  Debi-din,  Sarju-parshdd  need  not  therefore 
receive  an  accent  on  the  second  syllable,  as  in  them  also  it 
does  not  receive  any  tonic  accent. 

The  same  principle  may  be  applied  to  many  compounds, 
even  in  cases  of  sandhi:  thus,  tnnTTST  may  be  written  Maha- 
raj,  *nfT*P^  Mahanand,  TTRTT^  Ramanand,  because  the  long 
middle  syllable  does  not  bear  the  tonic  accent,  which  falls 
in  all  three  cases  on  the  last  syllable.  In  the  mouths  of  the 
people  an  unaccented  long  vowel  constantly  tends  to  become 
short.  Thus,  TTf  ?J5[  is  the  ordinary  pronunciation  of  *r?TTTW; 
*nTTCR  is  most  frequently  «HI4H;  ^l*ft<^<  appears  in  the  list  as 
<g*fl^l-  This  justifies  us  in  omitting  the  accent  over  a  long 
vowel  when  it  does  not  receive  a  special  stress  in  utterance. 

Note  that  e  and  o  are,  after  long  vowels,  regularly  ex- 
pressed by  7J  and  ^  :  e.g.  Sahae  is  written  ^rTRT,  Rae  JJQ, 
Deo  ^. 

5.  Diacritical  ma*  ks  for  Consonants. — In  transliter- 
ating the  consonants,  it  is  important  to  mark  in  writing  the 


7 

distinction  between  the  cerebral  and  non-cerebral  letters, 
between  the  kaf  i3  and  simple  k  ^J)  and  between  the  anu~ 
nd^ika  and  the  perfect  nasal,  as"  these  are  differences  which 
very  materially  affect  the  pronunciation  In  printed  notifi- 
cations, in  which  the  dotted  letters  may  perhaps  cause  in- 
convenience, the  distinction  is  not  so  essential.  It  is  needless 
to  mark  the  distinction  between  the  nasals  of  the  k,  ch,  /,  and 
t  series,  as  their  place  sufficiently  indicates  their  sounds. 

Note  that  it  is  a  common  device  in  Panjdbi  names  to  in- 
dicate a  doubled  nasal  by  prefixing  anundsika  to  a  single  per- 
fect nasal.  Thus,  Chunnixs  written  ^ft,  Mar  dune  ♦fTT%,  etc, 
The  sign  anuswdra  (— )  is  that  now  employed  almost  uni- 
versally for  anundsika  (— ),  as  well  as  for  the  prefixed  nasals 
of  the  five  organs.  It  has  its  original  sound  only  when  it 
precedes  f  ^where  it  sounds  as  ng,  with  an  audible  g,  and  is 
often  so  written)  and  *j,  (where  it  is  a  less  forcible  ng,  but 
still  different  from  the  soft  nasal  anundstka'*).  The  anu- 
ndstka is  often  inserted  in  an  apparently  arbitrary  manner 
in  names  where  it  had  originally  no  place :  thus,  ^iwff 
Lachhmin  is  common  for  ^TWjft,  *N!T  B  hair  on  for  *T*3",  ^tNtI" 
Kdnsi  for  ^rnft ;  but  the  sound  is  very  soft,  and  the  names 
are  also  commonly  found  without  it.  It  would  conduce  to 
uniformity  if  it  were  in  such  cases  omitted  in  transliteration. 

6.  Rules  for  Arabic  names. — Arabic  names  (such  as 
are  most  of  those  proper  to  Musalmans)  are  in  India  invari- 
ably pronounced,  not  as  they  sound  in  Arabic,  but  as  they 
were  pronounced  in  the  Turdni  Persian  from  which  the  Indian 
vernaculars  have  been  recruited.  The  proper  sounds  of  £*  and 
\jo  have  been  lost;  ~  is  uttered  like  «;j,  ^,  ^>  and  &  are  all 
like  the  English  z.  1»,  though  it  is  nearer  the  cerebral  z  than 
the  dental  7f,  is  pronounced  like  the  latter.  ~  and  £,  being 
letters  found  in  Persian,  as  well  as  Arabic  words,  have  kept 
better   their    original    sounds,    though    the    vulgar   generally 


*  Compare    the    difference    in    sound    between    fff^    (anuswara)    and   jj^    and    jf^ 
(anunasika)  ;  and  between  i.-q\  (anuswara)  and  ^ijstt  (anuaasika). 


pronounce  the  former  like  k  m  (not  kh  ?§)  and  the  latter  like 
g  T  (not  gh  ^).  The  syllable  \J^-  is  invariably  in  Hindu  names 
pronounced  (as  a  dissyllable)  as  if  it  were  written  ^m^  j  ^J^^ 
appears  in  Tulsi-daY s  Rdmayan  (and  is  heard  every  day  in  the 
vernacular)  as  aT^T^fa  ;  C^  ls  fJ^fTT  and  ^j  $t[.  As,  however, 
the  correct  pronunciation  of  these  two  letters  has  the  prepon- 
derance of  authority  and  is  generally  understood,  it  is  better  to 
use  it  for  transliteration.  The  correct  sound  of  the  o  is  also 
(this  being  a  favourite  Turki  letter  and  thus  common  with 
people  of  that  race  in  India)  not  seldom  heard  ;  the  speakers 
of  Hindi  render  it  by  simple  ^f,  or  sometimes  by  ?§  (as  m$r\  for 
u^j).  Another  Arabic  letter  the  correct  sound  of  which  is 
occasionally  attempted  is  £;  but  it  is  usually  inaudible  before  a 
vowel,  while  after  one  it  either  prolongs  the  vowel  sound  (y1*^, 
J-a'far,  sounding  as  Jdfary  s-y1*^  Yd'kub  as  Ydkilb),  or  adds  a 
syllable  to  the  word  (ci~o*J,  A/imat,  ordinarily  Niamat  or 
even  Nidmat), 

Among  the  special  peculiarities  of  the  Indian  pronuncia- 
tion of  Arabic  names  are  the  conversion  of  at  to  e  (  ^i, 
Shekh)  properly  Shaikh,  v:/f*- ^  Husen,  properly  Husain,  ^^ 
Siilemdn,  properly  Sulaimdn,  ^\  Eman}  properly  Aitnan), 
and  the  insertion  of  the  vowel  e  between  final  -  and  a 
preceding  consonant  (^li,  invariably  Fate/i,  in  Hindi  Vn%, 
properly  Fath,  £+°  subeh,  for  subk), 

I. — How  Hindu  names  are  formed. 

7.  Classes  of  names  among  Hindus. — Hindu  names 
may  be  broadly  divided  into  (1)  the  religious  and  (2)  the 
non-religious  or  secular.  Religious  names  are  those  which 
are  either  the  names  or  attributes  of  deities  or  holy  person- 
ages or  places,  or  express  some  kind  of  relation  to  them. 
Non-religious  names  may  be  either  those  of  legendary  or 
historical  personages  of  former  times  ;  or  descriptive,  taken 
from  some  peculiarity  of  appearance  or  personal  incident  ;  or 
martial,  expressive  of  valour;  or  (a  very  numerous  class) 
depreciatory     names    designed    to    avert    the    evil    eye.     All 


names  may  appear  either  in  their  primitive  form  or  as  dimi- 
nutives ;   they  may  be  either  simple  or  compound. 

8.  Names  preferred  by  special  castes  and  races. — 

Particular  classes  display  a  preference  for  particular  kinds 
of  names.  Thus,  Brahmans  more  commonly  have  religious 
names,  and  especially  names  referring  to  Shiva  or  Mahadeo, 
than  other  castes  ;  Sikhs  and  Rajputs  always  append  "fanj 
to  their  personal  names,  and  while  the  former  are  fond  of 
titles  describing  martial  exploits  or  places  where  battles  were 
fought  (Panjab  Singh,  Multan  Singh,  Kabul  Singh,  &c),  and 
of  the  names  of  their  Gurus  (Nanak,  Angad,  Lehna),  the 
latter  commonly  use  the  names  or  attributes  of  deities  or 
famous  heroes  of  old.  Gurkhas  prefer  martial  names  of  a 
peculiar  type,  in  which  compounds  are  often  formed  of  Hindi 
and  Persian  (Mast-bir,  Jang-bir,  Ran-bah£dur,  &c).  Jats  and 
Gujars  are  fond  of  familiar  names,  especially  those  designed 
to  avert  the  evil  eye. 

9.  Hindu  names  borrowed  from  Persian.— A  good 
many  Hindu  names  are  borrowed  from  the  Persian  ;*  the 
following  are  examples  chosen  from  the  first  few  letters  of 
the  alphabet :  — 


Ajab 

S-^F* 

Ajaib 

v-^Lsr6 

Akbar 

"> 

Alam 

rJU 

Aman 

«H 

Amir 

j&*\ 

Arami 

■      s^r 

Ashrah* 

J*rl 

Badam 

"f|jb 

Bahadur 

A* 

Bahal 

'           ^ 

Bakhshish. 

u^^ 

Bakht 

.     1^.^ 

Bakhtawar 

„ew 

Baland        , 

oJJb 

Barkat 
Baz 

■      P. 

Beg 
Bunyad 

oLjJj 

Cham  an 
Dariao 

Daulat 

.      l£*J.d 

Diwan 
Diwana 

and  all  those  beginning  with  F. 


•  Persian  includes  Arabic.     No  Arabic  words  have  come    into  Hindustani  except 
through  Persian. 


10 

Many  Hindi  names  are  of  mixed  origin,  Persian  elements 
having  been  adapted  to  Hindi  modes  of  composition,  or 
Hindi  elements  having  been  brought  into  Persian  forms.  Of 
the  former  the  following  are  examples : — 

Chit-bahal   ("one  who  has   presence 

of  mind"),  .  .  .     from   f%?f  +  JW 

Dil-pat    ("   Lord  of  the  heart "),       „         Jo  +  trf?T 
Dil-sukh  ("  delight  of  the  heart"),     „         Jo  +  ^ 

Garib-Ram  ("  the  pcor  on  whom 

Ram  has  mercy "),         .          .  „  s-^=  +  TTTf 

Gauhar-chand,  „  j*£  +  ^ 

Gulzan-Lal,  ,,  j)jlf  +  ^TRf 

Jimi-pal,          .           .           .           .   •  „  ^^j  +  m^T 

Of  the  latter  the  commonest  type  is  that  formed  of  bakhsh 
(root  of  ^ojk-S^)   with  the  name  of  a  deity,   meaning  "  the 

gift  of "  ;  others  are  such  names  as   Ran-bahadur, 

Jang-bir,  &c. 

The  majority  of  Hindu  names  are,  however,  of  native,  not 
of  foreign  origin  ;  and  before  endeavouring  to  classify  them 
as  to  meaning  and  source,  it  is  necessary  to  consider  the 
forms  which  they  take.  They  are  either  single  words  or 
compounds,  either  in  their  original  shape  or  diminutives. 

10.  Hindi  compounds. — The  single  words  and  the 
compounds  may  be  either  religious  or  secular:  the  first  may 
be  names  of  deities,  demi-gods,  heroes,  holy  places,  holy 
men,  sacred  rivers  or  mountains,  or  may  be  adjectives  or 
nouns,  originally  perhaps  descriptions  or  aitributes  of  some 
person  or  place  belonging  to  the  first  category.  The 
compounds  are,  however,  the  more  ordinary  form  in  which  the 
names  of  deities  or  other  sacred  objects  are  exhibited  ;  and 
perhaps  it  is  generally  with  an  understood,  if  not  expressed 
supplement,  such  as  is  found  in  the  compounds,  that  the 
single  names  are  used.     When  a  man  styles  himself  Bhagwan, 


1 1 

or  Bishan,  or  Bihari,  he  is  not  to  be  taken  as  identifying 
himself  with  Vishnu  the  preserver,  but  rather  as  expressing 
his  trust  in  that  particular  god  ;  his  idea  is  the  same  as  is 
explicitly  conveyed  when  he  uses  a  compound  form,  —  Bhag- 
wan-din  "the  submirsive  to  Vishnu,"  Bishan-dayal  "Vishnu 
is  merciful,"  Bihari-das  "the  servant  of  Krishna."  * 

Compound  names  are  either  such  as  are  taken,  already 
compounded,  straight  out  of  Sanskrit,  as  Manohar  "  the  mind- 
ravishing,"  Gopal  'the  cowherd,"  Damodar  "secured  by 
a  cord  round  the  middle,"  Girdhari  "the  mountain  upholder," 
Chaturbhuj  "the  four-armed";  or  are  formed  of  elements 
still  separately  recognizable  in  Hindi,  but  put  together  upon 
the  patterns  of  that  ancient  language  from  which  Hindi  draws 
its  stores.  They  may  generally  be  described  in  the  terms  of 
Sanskrit  grammar,  even  when  the  elements  are  distinctly 
Hindi.  Thus,  to  illustrate  the  practice  from  the  large  num- 
ber of  compounds  in  the  following  pages  of  which  Ram  forms 
the  first  member,  Ram-adhin  "  subject  to  Ram,"  is  a  tat- 
purusha,  or  dependent  compound  ;  so  also  are  Ram-autar 
"  the  incarnation  of  Rim,"  Ram-charan  "  the  feet  of  Ram," 
Rim-din  *'  the  submissive  to  Ram,"  Rim-parshad  "  the 
grace  of  Ram,"  Ram-charitr  "  the  deeds  of  Ram,"  Rim- 
kirat  "  the  fame  of  Ram,"  &c. 

Ram-anand  "  he  whose  delight  is  Ram,"  Ram-baran 
"  he  whose  caste  (or  colour)  is  that  of  Ram,"  Ram-bharos 
"  he  whose  hope  is  Ram,"  Ram-basawan  "  he  who  has 
Ram  to  establish  him,"  Ram-jiawan  "he  whose  life-giver  is 
Ram,"  Ram-lochan  "  he  whose  eye  is  Ram,"  &c,  are 
bahu-v*  ihz\  or  relative  compounds. 

Ram-Gopal,  "  Ram  and  Gopal,"  "  Ram-Kisun,  "  Rim  and 
Krishna,"     Rati- Ram,    "Ram   and     Rati,"     Radha-Kishan, 


•  This  is  implied  by  the  frequent  rejection  in  common  speech  of  the  subordinate 
member  in  a  compound  name :  thus  Tulsi-das,  the  poet,  is  familiarly  spoken  of  as  Tulsi, 
Namdeo  as  Nama,  &c. 


12 

"  Radha  and  Krishna,"  Richa-Ram,*  "the  Vedic  songs  and 
Ram,"  are  dwandwa,  or  aggregative  compounds. 

Anant  Ram  "the  eternal  Ram,"  Akhe  Ram  "the  imper- 
ishable Ram,"  Abinashi  Ram  "  the  undying  Rdm,"  Atma 
Rim"  "Ram,  the  soul  of  all  things,"  Sat  Ram  "the  true 
Ram,"  and  the  host  of  names  ending  in  L£l  ("child,"  "  darling  " 
i.e.  the  infant  Krishna)  preceded  by  an  adjective  (e.g.  Bih£ri 
"sportive,"  Achchhe  "good,"  Pyare  "dear,"  Sham  "  dark- 
skinned,"  &c.)  or  a  noun  used  adjectively  {e.g.  Makkhan 
"  butter,"  referring  to  one  of  the  child  Krishna's  exploits 
related  in  the  Prem  Sagar,  Nand,  the  name  of  Krishna's  foster- 
father,  Sukh  "  delight,"  &c.)  are  all  karma-dhdraya,  or  de- 
scriptive compounds. 

But,  besides  these  compounds,  the  parts  of  the  first  three  of 
which,  since  they  form  one  composite  word,  should  be  united  by 
a  hyphen,  there  are  other  compound  names  which  may  be  re- 
garded as  short  sentences  with  the  substantive  verb  left  out, 
e.g.  Ganga-dayal  "  the  Ganges  (is)  merciful,"  Suphal  Ram 
"  Ram  is  fruitful,"  Sada  Ramf  "  Ram  is  eternal,"  Sahaj  Ram 
"gentle  is  Ram."  These  may  be  written  either  with  or 
without  a  hyphen. 

The  above  cases  (including  the  extremely  common  class 
of  names  in  bakhsh  already  mentioned,  of  which  the  type  is 
borrowed  from  the  Persian)  will  be  found  to  comprise  the  vast 
majority  of  Hindu  compound  names.  When  the  parts  of  a 
compound  can  easily  be  separated,  it  is  best  to  write  them 
separately,  either  with  or  without  a  hyphen  (but  capital  letters 
should  not  be  used  for  a  subordinate  element  unless  it  is  a 
proper  name),  both  because  their  meaning  is  thus  made 
clearer,  and  because,  in  the  absence  of  sandhi,  as  already 
noticed,  the  tonic  accent  falls  on  that  syllable  in  each  element 
on  which  it  would  fall  if  it  were  a  separate  word. 

*  Probably  this  is  the  correct  form  cf  the  name  given  in  the  lists  as  f^^KT'T. 

t  Perhaps  this  name  is  formed  on  a  false  analogy,  to  correspond  with  Sada-shiva 
Sadashiu),  which,  however,  does  not  mean  the  "  eternal  Shiva,"  but  "the  ever  happy." 
Such  false  analogies  are  very  common. 


*3 

1 1 .  Diminutives. — Names  are  constantly  found  in  a  dimi- 
nutive or  familiar  form,  and  some  notice  is  necessary  of  the 
changes  which  they  undergo  under  these  circumstances. 
The  usual  process  is  to  shorten  a  long  vowel,  to  double  a 
consonant,  and  to  add  a  termination,  either  a,  i,  or  u  (most 
commonly  the  last).  Thus,  Ram  becomes  Rammu  ;  Lai, 
Lallu  ;  Bhim,  Bhimma  ;  Radha,  Raddhu  ;  Sib,  Sibbu  ;  Nanak, 
Nanku  ;  Mangal,  Mangali  and  Mangalu;  Kan,  Kannu  ;  Kili, 
Kallu.  Another  favourite  termination  is  ai  (^t),  as  in  Kanh, 
Kanhai ;  Sukh,  Sukhai;  Budh,  Budhai.  In  these  cases  the 
shifting  of  the  accent  prohibits  the  doubling  of  the  consonant 
preceding  the  termination.  If  the  original  word  be  a  com- 
pound or  long,  only  the  first  part  of  it  is  taken  and  the  rest 
rejected  e.g,  Ghan-sham,  Ghanai;  Dalpat,  Dallu  ;  Paras- 
Ram,  Parsu  ;  Pitambar,  Pitai ;  Sobha  Ram,  Subhai.  Dimi- 
nutives ending  in  $,  u}  and  ai  are  further  developed  by  the 
addition  of  another  syllable,  a,  thus  :  Lai,  Lallu,  Lalluwa  or 
Lalwa  ;  Dhan,  Dhani,  Dhaniya  ;  Ghan-sham,  Ghanai,  Ghanai- 
ya ;  Kanh,  Kanhaya ;  Natthu,  Natthuwa ;  Ganga,  Gangu, 
Gangua. 

Many  names  present  an  oblique  form  in  e,  instead  of  the 
nominative  in  a  :  e.g.  Bhagole,  Bhure,  Chhabile,  Gaje,  Kar- 
ore,  Kure,  Mande.  Mare,  Matole,  Nanhe,  Pyare,  Radhe,  Raje, 
Sange.  Perhaps  this  is  because  they  are  in  the  vocative  case  • 
or  it  may  be  due  to  contraction  of  the  diminutive  endincr  ai  • 
or  in  compounds  (Radhe  Kishn,  Raje  Ram,  although  Radha 
and  Raja  are  both  words  which  do  not  ordinarily  suffer  in- 
flection) it  may  be  caused  by  an  obscure  sense  that  in  con- 
struction, final  a  requires  to  be  changed  to^,  just  as  hissaddr 
is  ordinarily  pronounced   hissedar. 

12.  Sources  of  Religious  names-.  Deities. — It  re- 
mains to  give  some  examples  of  the  different  classes  of  objects 
chosen  as  religious  names.  Among  deities,  Vishnu,  in  his 
alternative  names  of  Narayan,  Bhagvvan  and  Hari,  and  in  his 


H 

incarnations  as  Rama  and  Krishna,  stands  by  far  at  the  head 
of  name-givers  ;  other  incarnations  contained  in  the  list  are 
Paras  Rim  (Parasurama),  Narsingh  (Nara-singha),  and  Sali- 
gram  (frequently,  but  wrongly,  supposed  to  be  divisible  into 
Salig  and  Ram,  and  as  such  yielding  Salik,  Salag,  Salku, 
&c.)  Rama  has  few  alternative  names,  Krishna  an  immense 
number,  for  the  most  part  drawn  from  the  history  of  his 
childhood,  as  related  in  the  Bhagavata  Purana.  The  Hindi 
translation  of  the  loth  chapter  of  this  work,  known  as  the 
Prem  Sagar,  is  full  of  passages  throwing  light  on  common 
Hindu  names  which  might  otherwise  be  obscure.  Among 
the  commonest  Krishna. names  are  the  following:  — 

BaiGopdl  ('  the  child-cowherd") 

Bal  mukund  ("  the  mighty  child"). 

Bansi  dhar  ("the  flute-holder"). 

Basdeo  (''the  son  of  Vasudeva"). 

BihaYi  (  "the  sportive  "). 

Bishnath  ("the  Lord  of  all"). 

D^modar  (''tied  by  a  string  round  the  middle"). 

Ghan-shdm  ("dark-skinned,  like  the  colour  of  clouds  "). 

Girdhar,  Girdhari,  (  "  mountain-holderj"). 

Gobind  (probably  "Lord  of  kine"). 

Gopal  (  "  cowherd  "  ). 

Gopi-ndth  ( ''  Lord  of  the  Gopis  or  Milkmaids  of  Braj  "). 

Jagan-naih  (  "  Lord  of  the  world  "). 

Kanh  (the  Prdkrit- Hindi  form  of  the  Sanskrit  Krishna). 

Kesab,  Keso  ("the  long-haired"). 

Kunj-bihan,  (  "  he  who  sports  in  the  thickens  "). 

Lila-dhar  ("the  playful"). 

Madho  ("the  slayer  of  Madhu"). 

Makklian-chor  (  "  the  butter  thief  "  ). 

Man-mohan  (  "  the  bewitcher  of  the  soul  "). 

Manohar  ("  the  charming  "). 

Mohan  ("the  charming"). 

Murari  ("the  foe  of  Mura"). 

Murli-dhar  (  "  the  flute-player  ' ). 

Nand-kishor  (  "  Nanda's  boy  "). 

Nand-kumaV  ("  Nanda's  prince  "). 

Prabhu  ("the  Lord"). 

Radha-ballabh  (  "the  lover  of  Radha") 


«5 

S^nwal  ('  the  dark-complexioned  "). 
Sham  ("  the  dark-complexioned  "). 

Other  personages  belonging  to  the  Krishna-legend  whose 
names  are  common  are — 

Balaam  (Baldeo),  his  brother. 

Nand,  his  foster-father. 

Jasoda,  his  foster-mother. 

Basdeo,  his  father. 

Deoki,  his  mother. 

Rcidhika,  R£dha,  his  mistress    (surnamed   Lalita   "the  eager," 

which  appears  in  the  list  as  Lalta). 
Udho,  a  friend  and  follower. 

Krishna  and  Balaram  are  often  joined  in  the  name  Jugal- 
kishor  "  the  pair  of  lads  " 

Ram  (Ram-Chandar)  has  only  the  following  few  alterna- 
tive names  in  common  use  s — 

Raghu-bar, —  ('  the  best, — 

Raghu-n^tn, —  ("the  Lord, — 

Raghu-bir, —   ("  the  hero, —  lof   Raghu's  iace  " 

Raghu-pat, —  ("the  Lord, — 

Raghu-nandan, — '  'the  darling, — 

His  brothers  Bharat  and  Lachhman,  his  monkey-helpers 
Hanuman  and  Sugrfb,  and  his  wife  Si'ta  (Januki,  Janki),  are 
the  chief  characters  of  his  legend  which  have  supplied 
popular  names. 

It  should  be  noted  that  Ndth  ("  Lord")  commonly  indi- 
cates Visnnu  among  the  Gods,  while  fsar  (Ishwar)  is  the  ter- 
mination proper  to  Shiva  or  Mahadeo,  his  great  rival. 

The  latter,  with  his  consort  Bhawani  (synonyms  Kali, 
Chandi,  Gauri,  Debi,  Durga,  Parbati,  Tara,  Kamta,  Uma, 
and  Mata  "the  mother")  has  produced  a  very  large  number 
of  names.     The  alternative  names  of  Shiva  are — 

Bhairo  ("the  terrible"). 
Bisesar  (Visweswara  "  Lord  of  all  "). 
Bhola-n^th  ["  husband  of  Bhola  or  Parbati  "). 
Ganga-dhar  ("  the  upholder  of  the  Ganges"). 


i6 

Har  (final  short  vowels  having  disappeared,  this  word  stands 
for  Hara,  Shiva,  as  well  as  Hari,  Vishnu.  The  two  ate  con- 
joined in  Hari-Har). 

Mahes,      -|„GreatLord.» 

Mahesar    J 

Paramesar,  "  The  supreme  Lord.  " 

Rudr,  Rudar. 

Sankar,  Shankar,  "bringer  of  good  luck.  " 

The  names  compounded  with  Shiu  (Siu)  rival  in  number 
those  which  contain  Ram. 

Benares  (Kasi)  is  the  great  centre  of  Shiva-worship,  and 
names  having  reference  to  this  god  are  most  frequent  in  the 
districts  adjoining  that  city  and  in  Oudh. 

Other  gods  and  goddesses  whose  names  will  be  found  in 
the  lists  annexed  are — 

Rrahm  (in  the  single  name  Brahm-dayal). 

Indar.  ' 

Lachhmi  or  Lakh  ml  (wife  of  Vishnu,  and  also  called  Sri  ). 

Ganes  or  Gan  pat  also  called  (Gaj-raj,  "  the  elephant  king"). 

Rati,  "  the  Goddess  of  love  " 

Suraj,  Sur,  Adit,  "the  sun.-" 

Chandar,  Chand,  Chand,  "the  moon"    (for  which  the  Persian 

Mahtab  is  common). 
Mangal,  "the  planet  Mars.  " 
Budh,  "the  planet  Mercury.  " 

Som  "the  Soma  plant"  (also  used  for    "the  Moon"). 
Tulsi,  "the  holy  basil"  (also  called  Brinda,  Binda). 

Of  these  the  most  popular  are  Suraj  ,"  the  Sun,  "  and  Chand 
'*  the  Moon.  "  The  latter  is  very  commonly  used  as  a  second 
element  in  names  like  Amir-chand,  Fakir-chand,  Gauhar- 
chand,  &c,  where  it  is  difficult  to  assign  to  it  any  specific 
sense. 

13.  Adjectives  having  reference  to  deities. — Besides 
these  direct  names  of  deities,  the  list  abounds  in  adjectives 


>7 


which  must  be  understood  to  have  reference  to  some  divine 
name  which  is  not  expressed.     Such  words  are — 


Achal,  "the  immovable." 
Ajit,  "the  unconquerable." 
Akhe,  "the  imperishable," 
Amar,  "the  immortal." 
Anant,  "the  endless." 
Anek,  "the  manifold." 
Anup,  "the  incomparable." 
Atrdj,  "the  great  king." 
Bhup,  Bhupdl,  "the  Protector 
of  the  Earth." 


Bichitr,  "the  Diverse." 
Bijai,  Bije,  "the  Victorious." 
Dita,  "the  Giver." 
Day^l,  "the  compassionate." 
Jiwr^khan,  "  the  life-preserver." 
Ji^wan,  Jiwan,  "  the  life-giver." 
Kirpal,  "the  merciful." 
Maha,    'the  Great." 
PaM,  "the  protector." 
Sahie,  "  the  helper." 


14.  Names  derived  from  holy  places. —  Holy  places 
— cities,  rivers,  mountains,  and  places  of  pilgrimage — supply 
many  names.     Such  are — 


Cities. 

Ayodhya  (Ajudhya,  Ajodhya), 
Bindraban  [corrupt  for  Brinda- 

ban). 
DwaYika,  Dvv^rka. 
Gaya. 


Gobardhan,  Gordhan. 

Gokul. 

K4si. 

Mathura. 

Prayig,  Pr3g. 


Ganga. 
Jamuna,  Jamna. 


Himanchal. 
Kailas. 


HardwaV. 
Tribeni. 


Rivers. 

I     Sarju. 

Mountains. 

Sumer. 

Places  of  Pilgrimage. 
Baijncith. 


15.  Miscellaneous  religious  names. — Among  miscel- 
laneous religious  names  may  be  mentioned  those  derived 
from  the  Scripture:  Bed,  Achhar,  Bachan,  Granthi,  Sahib 
(Saheb).  The  last  is  the  name  by  which  the  Granth,  or  sacred 
volume,  is  known  among  the  Sikhs;  those  of  the  Sikh  Gurus 

c 


i8 

and  other  religious  teachers — Nanak,  Angad  (Lahna  or 
Lehna,  which  was  his  name  before  he  became  Guru),  Arjun, 
Maluk,  Jaideo,  Kabir,  and  the  names  beginning  with  Gur  (for 
Guru)  ;  and  words  expressive  of  faith  or  devotion,  such  as 
Asa  "hope,"  Bhagat  "worshipper,"  Prem  "love,"  Sukh 
"peace,"  Chain  "rest,"  Sewak  "servant/'  Sewa  "service,"  &c. 

16.  Non-religious  names.— The  non-religious  class  of 
names  are  derived  from  very  various  sources.  Only  the 
main  divisions  can  here  be  indicated,  since  many  names 
which  probably  belong  to  this  class  have  not  yet  been  satis- 
factorily explained : — 


Alha,  Ala. 

Ahibaran. 

Arjun. 

Bainsal. 

Bhikham. 

Bhim. 


/. — Names  of  Heroes. 
Bhoj. 


Bikramajit,  Bikram. 

Chha^arsal. 

Chandarbh^n. 

Dalip. 

Hamir. 


//. — Martial  names. 


Bagh,  "tiger." 

Bahadur,  «  valiant." 

Bali,  Balwant  "mighty." 

Bir  "hero  " 

Bir-bal  ".with  the  might  of  a 
hero." 

Dal-jit,  "  vanquisher  of  armies." 

Dal-pat,  "Lord  of  armies." 

Dal-thamban  "  withstander  of 
hosts." 

Dhiraj,  "  firmness." 

Durjan,  "enemy." 

Fatte,   'victory." 

Faujdar,  "  General." 

Hakim,  "Commander." 

HazaVi,  "  Captain  of  a  thou- 
sand." 

Himmat,  "  valour." 


Hukam,  "command." 

Jabber,  «  mighty." 

Jahangfr,  "  world  conqueror  ") 

Jai,    "victory." 

Jangi,  "  warlike." 

Jaswant   "famous." 

Jhanda,  "  banner." 

Jodh,  "battle." 

Kesri,  Kehari,  "lion." 

Kharag,  Khalak,  Kharga, 
Kharku,  "sword." 

Mahma  for  Mahima,  "great- 
ness." 

Maharaj,  "Great  King." 

Mall,  "  warrior,"  "  wrestler." 

Mastdn,  "  intoxicated,"  i.e.,  with 
warlike  fury. 

Matwala,  "  intoxicated." 


'9 


Muhkam,  "  strong." 

Nahar,  "  tiger." 

Nirbho,  "  fearless." 

Pah^r,  "  mountani." 

Pahlwcin  "  warrior  "'. 

Paltan,  "  battalion." 

Rajiwant,     Rajwant,     R4jmdn, 

11  regiment." 
Ran,  "  battle." 
Ran-bir,  "  hero  in  bactle." 
Ran-dbir,  "firm  in  battle." 
Ran-jor,  "  joiner  of  battle." 
Risal,  "troop/' 
Sajada,  Shah-zada,  "  prince." 
Samant,  Sanwant,  "champion." 


bangram,  "  battle." 
Sardar,  "  Captain." 
Shamsher,  "  sword." 
Sher,  "lion." 
Singh,  "lion." 
Tej,  "glory." 
Tek,  "  support". 
Ujagar,  "famous." 
Ujjal.  ''glorious." 
Umrao,  *'  princely." 
Wazir,  "  minister." 
Zahir,  "conspicuous." 
Zdlim,      overbearing." 
ZoraAvar,  "mighty." 


II  I.— Names  derived  from  some  personal  quality ;  physical  or  moral. 


Achanak.  "  sudden." 
Aindha,    "  one  who    struts     or 
walks  in  an  absurd  manner." 
Albel,  Arbel,  -'fop." 
Banka,  "dandy." 
Bhuj'-bal,  "strong-armed." 
Bhura,  "  brown." 
Budh,  &c„  "old." 
Budh,  &c,  "wise." 
Chhabila   "  handsome."  . 
Chhail,  •  top  or  dandy." 

Chatur,  Chokha,  "clever." 

Chaukas,  "cautious." 

Chiranji,  Chiranju,  "  long-lived." 

Chhoie,  "little." 

Dhaula   "white." 

Dhauntal,'  rich,  strong,  wicked." 

Dhera,  "squint-eyed." 

Dinga,  "  boaster." 

Ghamanda,  "  arrogant." 


Julphi  (Zulfi),  "bng-iocked." 
Kala,  "  black." 
Khubi,  "beauty." 
Khushi,  "gladness." 
*Khushhal,  &c,    "prosperous," 
Mihrban,  "friendly." 
Mit,  Mit,  "friend." 
Mitthu  (diminutive),  "sweet." 
Mulaim,  "  gentle." 
Nadan,  "foolish," 
Nanhe,  "  puny." 
Rasila,    'voluptuous." 
Sadhu,  "  pious." 
Sant,  "mild." 

Sanwal,  "dark-complexioned." 
Shitab,  "quick." 
Tarif  (v-*^*,  "praise,"  "excel- 
lent." 
Tunde  "one  born  without  hands." 
Turti,  Turanti,  "  quickness." 


*  This  word  has, as  will  be  seen  from  the  list  under  K,  a  great  many  dilTe  ent  graphic 
forms.  Its  great  popularity  as  a  name  probably  a  isis  from  its  likeness  to  the  Hind 
^f^T^T  (^31^)  which  also  appears  in  the  list  and  has  the  sam    meaning. 


c  a 


20 

IV . — Depreciatory  names,  given  to  avert  a  Nemesis  or  the 

evil  eye. 

These  generally  name  the  person  after  something  mean, 
disgusting,  trivial,  or  of  little  value,  and  are  extremely  com- 
mon, especially  among  the  agricultural  castes  The  follow- 
ing are  found  in  the  lists  ■ — 

Chenchu,  Chenchlu,  (from  chench),  "a  noxious  weed." 
Chhad^mi  "  worth  only  six  dams,  or  a  quarter  of  a  pice." 
Chhaju,  Chhijja,  Chhajju,  (from  chhdj),  "a  winnowing  basket." 
Chhattu    (from  chhafna),    "a   sieve  for  separating  the  husk  from 

grain." 
Chhedi,  Chhedu,  (from  chheda),  a  borer  or  weevil. 
Chhitan,  "a  crumb". 
Chhitar,  "an  old  shoe." 
Chuhar,  Chuhar,  "a  sweeper,  scavenger." 
Dalai,  from  da/a,  "a  clod." 
Dal,  "a  branch." 
Daru,  "a  cowardly  knave." 
Dhela,  "a  clod." 
Ganda,  "  four  kauris  "  (a  packet  of  four  kauris  used,   attached  to 

an  infant's  neck,  as  a  talisman  to  avert  the  evil  eye). 
Gaun,  "a  grain-sack." 
Ghasita,  "dragged  along  the  ground." 
Ghisai,  Ghisan,  Ghisidwan,  Ghisu,  (from  ghisa),  "rubbed,"  "worn 

out." 
Ghethal,  "a  shoe." 
Ghota,  "  a  rubber  for  polishing." 
Ghuru,  (from  ghura),  "sweepings  of  a  dunghill." 
Gudar,  "  a  ragged  quilt." 
Jhabba,  "a  leathern  measure  for  oil." 
Jh£m,  "  a  large  hoe." 

Jh£u,  "a  tamarisk-bush,  used  for  brooms." 
Kauru,  Kaura,  "from  kauri," 
Kidda,  Kiri,  "  a  worm  or  insect/ 
Kura 
Ki 
Kt. 

Mare,  "mean." 
Nathu,    Natthu,    Natthuwa,   "  If   a     man   has    lost    several   male 

children,    the    nose     of    the     next-born    is     pierced,    and    a 


Kura     •) 

Kure      >  "  sweepings." 

Kurhe  J 


21 

nose-ring  {nath)  inserted  in  order  that  he  may  be  mis- 
taken for  a  girl,  and  so  passed  over  by  the  evil  spirits". 
— (J.  M.  Douie  in  "  Panjab  Notes  and  Queries"  Decem- 
ber, 1883,  page  26.) 

Phil,  "ploughshare." 

Phangan,  from  phanga,  "grasshopper." 

Phiku,  from  p/iika,  "  tasteless." 

Phenkun,  phenkna,  "  to  throw  away." 

Rora,  Rura,  "  a  brickbat." 

Ruldu,  "a  vagabond." 

Sohan,  "  a  file." 

These  names  are  ordinarily  given  to  children  born  after 
previous  children  have  died,  in  consequence,  as  the  parents 
suppose,  of  the  envy  or  malice  of  some  god  or  demon,  and 
the  idea  is  that  children  called  by  such  unworthy  names 
will  be  passed  over  in  future. 

Besides  these  four  main  classes,  the  list  contains  many 
names  of  a  miscellaneous  character,  most  of  which  are  easily 
intelligible  with  the  help  of  a  dictionary,  while  of  several  I 
can  at  present  offer  no  explanation.  Many  are  familiar  or  pet 
names,  as  Barkat  "  blessing,"  Bhau  "  brother,"  Bhikha 
"boon,"  "alms,"  Chur  "  top  knot,"  Dular  (Dulal)  "darling," 
Gulab  "rose,"  Med,  Umed,  "hope,"  &c.  Some  indicate 
the  asterism  under  which  a  child  was  born,  as  Baisakha, 
Bhadai,  Chaitu,  Mul,  Pusu,  Sawan.  In  fact,  it  is  difficult  to 
suggest  the  circumstances  which  may  not  give  occasion  for  a 
household  name.  Of  unfavourable  nicknames  the  lists  con- 
tain hardly  any  examples,  though  the  class  is  numerous; 
people  do  not  usually  call  themselves  by  the  ridiculous  or 
offensive  names  which  the  wit  of  their  friends  may  invent  for 
them,  and  these  lists  of  course  show  only  the  names  which 
the  bearers  of  them  themselves  approve. 

III.  —  MUHAMMAUAN    NAMES. 

17.  General  remarks. — No  such  variety  of  form  and 
spelling  as  is  found  in  the  case  of  Hindu  names  exists  in  those 
of  Musalmans.     The  vast  majority  of  the  latter  are  of  Arabic 


22 

origin,  and  their  spelling  and  pronunciation  are  definitely 
fixed  by  the  grammatical  rules  of  the  language  to  wich  they 
belong.  The  cases  in  which  the  original  form  has  been 
corrupted  in  India  are  few  ;  and  the  list  of  names  which  are 
of  purely  Indian  derivation  and  not  controlled  by  the  strict 
rules  of  Arabic  and  Persian  etymology  is  small. 

18.  Orthography. — In  regard  to  orthography,   the  fol- 
lowing points  deserve  notice  : — 

(  i )  A  vast  number  of  names  contain  the  Arabic  article  al 
J),  the  vowel  of  which,  when  preceded  by  another 
vowel,  is  replaced  by  the  latter.  Thus,  in  the 
name  'Abdul  Ghafur,  the  it  which  precedes  the  / 
is  the  terminal  vowel  of  the  word  'abdu,  and  it  is 
therefore  wrong  to  write  the  name,  as  is  ordinarily 
done,  'Abd-ul-Ghafur.  The  strict  orthography 
would  be  'Abdu-l-Ghafur,  or  'Abdu'l-Ghafur  ;  but 
for  practical  purposes  it  is  sufficient  to  use  one 
hyphen,  after  the  article  and  before  the  significant 
noun.  The  same  rule  apphes  to  names  com- 
pounded with  Din,  as  Badrud-din,  'Alaud-din, 
Bahaud-din. 
(2)  There  is  one  word  of  which  the  article  al  forms  a  part 
in  which  the  fusion  of  syllables  is  so  complete 
that  no  hyphen  is  needed.  This  is  Allah,  "  God." 
In  Persian  and  Hindustani  the  last  syllable  of 
this  name,  which  is  long  by  nature,  is  ordinarily 
pronounced  as  it  it  were  short.  The  word  stands 
for  al-llah  ;  but  the  i  has  been  lost,  and  the  /  of 
the  article  coalesces  with  that  of  the  noun,  the 
accent  being  transferred  (unlike  the  case  of  other 
nouns  with  the  prefixed  article)  to  the  penulti- 
mate. No  advantage  would  be  gained  by  writing 
the  name  Habibullah,  according  to  the  strictly 
grammatical  division  of  its  parts,  Habfbu-1-lah  ; 
and  to  do    so    would    tend    to    cause    the    verbal 


ST  :'~J-.'j&*&'  '  "at 


23 

accent,  which  falls  on  the  penultimate,  to  be 
wrongly  placed.  In  the  case  of  such  names, 
therefore,  no  hyphen  is  used.  It  would  be  wrong, 
for  the  reason  stated  above  under  (i),  to  divide 
them,  as  is  sometimes  done,  thus — Habib-ul-lah, 
Inayat  Ullah,  &c. 

(3)  The   name  Allah   (originally   Allah)  is  subjected   to 

further  abbreviation  when  it  forms  the  first  mem- 
ber of  a  Persian  or  Hindi  compound,  and  appears 
as  Alah  (Alah-bakhsh,  Alah-rakkha,  Alah-ditta, 
Alah-yar).  The  list  contains  two  names  (Ilah- 
bakhsh,  Ilah-dad)  in  which,  instead  of  Allah  the 
indefinite  Ilah  (without  the  prefixed  al)  is  used. 
Another  example  is  the  name  Ilah-abad  {vulgarly 
Allahabad,  Hindi  I'lah-bas).  In  these  the  article 
is  dropped  because  the  compound  is  Persian,  in 
which  language  there  is  no  article,  although  in 
common  parlance  Allah  retains  it.  Where  a 
pronoun  is  affixed  to  Allah,  or  an  adjective 
formed  from  it,  the  article  is,  according  to  the 
rules  of  Arabic  grammar,  regularly  dropped. 
11  My  God"  is  Ildhi ;  the  same  word  signifies 
"divine." 

(4)  The  izafat  is  hardly  ever  used  in  Persian  compounds 

except  in  the  name  Banda-e'Ali  (often  pronounced 
Bande-'Ali),  and  perhaps  one  or  two  other  rare 
cases  (the  only  examples  contained  in  the  list  are 
'Ata-e  Muhammad,  Khan-i  Zaman,  and  Yad-i 
A'zam).  Properly  speaking,  the  izafat  is  required 
in  all  such  names  as  Altaf  Husain,  Aman  'Ali, 
'Ata  Husain,  Aulad  'Ali,  &c,  where  two  nouns, 
not  constructed  with  the  Arabic  article,  occur  in 
a  possessive  relation  one  to  the  other  ;  but  in  such 
names  it  is  seldom  or  never  heard  in  India. 


24 

(5)  It  is  a  peculiarity   of  Panjabi  Musalman  names  that 

the  Arabic  article  is  suppressed  before  the  word 
Din  "  religion."  Thus,  the  name  elsewhere  fully 
rendered  Badrud-din  is  in  the  Paujab  Badr-din  : 
other  examples  in  the  list  are  Burhan-din,  Fateh- 
din,  Kamal-din,  Mihrab-din,  Muhammad-din, 
Muhkam-din,  Sadr-din,  Sahib-din,  Shams-din. 
In  Alah-din  and  Muhammad-din,  and  possibly  in 
Sahib-din,  the  second  element  may  perhaps  be 
the  Hindi  word  din,  "subject,"  "submissive." 

(6)  There  are  some  peculiarities  in  the  Indian  pronuncia- 

tion of  Arabic  names,  most  of  which  have  been 
noticed  in  footnotes  to  the  list.  Double  letters 
are  reduced  to  single  ones  in  Hak  for  Hakk, 
Haji  for  Hajji,  Hub  for  Hubb,  Rab  for  Rabb  ;  a 
vowel  is  intercalated  in  'Atar  for  'Atr,  Fateh  for 
Fath,  Niamat  or  Niamat  for  Ni'mat  ;  a  vowel  is 
rejected  in  Ramzan  for  Ramazan,  Muhamdi  for 
Muhammadi,  Shabrati  from  Shab-i-Barat. 

19.  Mistaken  formations. — Erroneous  formations,  due 
to  ignorance  of  Arabic  and  Persian,  are  not  uncommon. 
Among  those  shown  in  the  list  are — 

Chiraghud-din.  Munid. 

Mansullah.  Najif. 

Mumin.  Niyizullah. 

Such  errors  are  sometimes  found  even  in  high  places;  a 
daughter  of  Aurangzeb,  a  poetess  who  wrote  under  the  name 
of  Makhft,  was  called  Zebun-nisa,  an  impossible  combination 
of  Persian  and  Arabic. 

20.  Significance  of  Muhammadan  names. — Regard- 
ed with  reference  to  their  significance,  the  immense  majority  of 
Muhammadan  names  will  be  found  to  have  a  religious  import. 
Every  Muhammadan  should  properly  have  an  'a/am,  or  per- 
sonal name,  chosen  from  among  those  of  the  holy  persons  of 


25 

his  faith,  or  from  those  of  the  Hebrew  and  Christian  prophets 
mentioned  in  the  Kuran.  To  this  may  be  added  a  lafcab,  or 
title,  expressive  of  some  religious  doctrine,  dependence  on 
some  holy  person,  or  the  like.  But  there  is  reason  to  believe 
that  the  distinction  between  ^alam  and  lakab  is  not  generally 
observed  among  Indian  Musalmans,  and  that  most  of  the 
names  in  the  list  are  the  only  ones  which  their  bearers  know. 

21.  'Aiams,  or  personal  names. — Personal  names  may 
be  single  or  double,  but  none  exceed  two.  Thus,  under  the 
letter  A,  the  following  are  single  names  taken  from  the  circle 
of  the  Prophet  and  his  companions  :  Ahmad  (a  name  of  the 
Prophet  himself),  'Abbas  (his  uncle),  'Ali  (his  nephew). 
Adam,  Asaf,  are  names  derived  from  the  Hebrew  Scriptures. 
Other  such  names  are  Yakiib,  Yusuf,  Daud,  Sulaiman,  Is-hak, 
Ismail.  'Isa  (Jesus),  Yahya  (John  the  Baptist),  and  Zakariya 
(Zacharias  his  father)  are  the  only  common  names  of  Chris- 
tian origin  in  the  Kuranic  cycle.  Names  in  which  two  holy 
persons  are  joined  are  more  numerous  ;  p..  g.  'Abbas  'Ali, 
'Abbas  Husain,  Ahmad  'Ali,  'Ali  Husain,  'Ali  Muhammad. 
Names  having  reference  to  'Ali,  his  sons  Hasan  and  Husain, 
and  their  descendants  the  Imams,  are  immensely  numerous 
especially  among  persons  of  the  Shi'ah  sect.  Names  derived 
from  famous  saints  are  Adham,  Bazid  (for  Bayazid,  and 
that  for  Abu-Yazid),  Bahawal  (for  Bahaullah),  Bu-'Ali,  Muhi- 
yuddin,  Bulaki,  Ajmeri  (the  famous  order  of  Chishti  saints 
having  had  their  head-quarters  at  Ajmen,  Madar,  Maluk 
Nakshband,  Salar-bakhsh,  Sanai,  &c.  Names  compounded 
with  Imam,  Pir,  Wali,  Makhdum,  and  the  like,  belong  to  this 
class,  the  name  of  the  saint  referred  to  being  suppressed. 
Some  religious  names  are  taken  from  holy  places,  as  Makka 
Najaf :  others  from  holy  things,  as  Kurban,  Zul-fikar  (the 
sword  of  the  Prophet,  taken  at  Badr,  and  afterwards  of  'Ali 
so  called  because  it  had  notches  on  its  back  like  the  ridge 
of  the  spine). 


26 

22.  Lakabs,  or  titles. — The  most  ordinary  form  oitakab, 
or  title,  is  a  name  compounded  of  '  Abd  with  one  of  the  99 
names  of  God,  or  one  compounded  of  din  ("faith,"  "religion") 
with  some  appropriate  noun  or  adjective.  Where  Ghidam  is 
used  in  place  of  'Abdt  the  following  name  is  alwavs  some  holy 
person,  and  never  a  name  of  God  ;  but  'Abd  is  sometimes 
(e.g.  in  'Abdul-Husain)  used  with  the  names  of  men,  though 
this  is  probably  a  solecism.* 

The  large  class  of  names  in  which  -bakhsh  forms  the 
second  element  (always  in  the  passive  sense  "  given  by  ") 
may  be  reckoned  among  lakabs  though  it  rarely  happens  that 
a  person  so  called  has  any  separate  'a/am,  or  personal  name. 

23.  Hindi  names  borne  by  Musalmans. — The  list 
includes  a  considerable  number  of  names  of  Hindi  origin,  and 
therefore  not  religious,  e.g.  Bachu,  Badal,  Badu,  Baghi, 
Bagu,  Bairi,  Banka,  Basawan,  Beche,  Bhag.Bhaggu,  Bhikkha, 
Bhola,  Bhure,  Bihari,  Bora,  Buddhu,  Buta,  Chand,  Chandan, 
Chaughatta,  Chhedi,  Dubu,  Dunde,  &c.  These  have  been 
already  sufficiently  described  in  treating  of  Hindu  names. 
They  are  chiefly  diminutive  or  familiar  forms. 

24.  Other  secular  names.— Besides  non-religious  names 
of  Indian  origin,  names  drawn  from  the  old  heroic  legends  of 
Persia  are  common,  e.g.  Rustam,  Suhrab,  Bahram,  Isfandiyar, 
Sikandar. 

Martial  names,  though  less  frequent  than  in  the  lists  of 
Hindu  names,  are  not  rare— Sher-dil,  Sher-jang,  Sher*baz 
Shah-baz,  Shahin,  Padshah,  Pahlwan,  Panah,  Masta,  Kesar 
Khanjar,  Shamsher,  &c. 

A  moderate  acquaintance  with  Arabic  and  Pesian  gram- 
mar will  suffice  to  explain  the  construction  of  almost  all  the 
commoner  Musalman  names  of  India;  and  their  meanings  are 
in  nearly  all  instances  readily  ascertainable  from  the  dictionary. 

*  In  the  common  name  'Abdul-' All  the  word  'Ali  is  not  (as  is  shown  by  the  prefixed 
article)  the  name  of  the  Prophet's  nephew,  but  one  of  the  names  of  God, — al-'Ali,  "  the 
Exalted."  Possibly  'Abdul-Hasan  and  'Abdul-Husain  may  have  originated  in  a  mis, 
understanding  of  'Abdul-'Ali. 


27 


NAMES  OF  HINDUS. 

A 

Abbhan 
Abinashi  R£m 

r 

Ambar    . 
Ambir    . 

Abraj       . 
Achala    . 

Ami-chand 
Ami-Lai 

Achanak 

.  <sr^^fi  i 

hm)  1 

Amir      « 

.  *rcffa  i 

Achchhar 

.  ^=^i  i 

Achhar    . 

.WT  1 

Amir-chand 

.  wk-^  i 

Adit 

Amrik    . 
An  ind    . 

.  ^Wifaf  1 

Agan 

.  WT^"  1 

Agri  Ram 

Anant  R£m 

.  ^R«tT  ^TiT  1 

Ahibaran 

.  ^rf^^^r  i 

Angad    . 

•  Mt<  \ 

Ahiman 

.^fwR 

Anganu 

Aindha    . 

.^ter  1 

Aneg 

.^T^T  1 

A  jab 

.  ^r^r^  i 

Anokh   . 

•  ^'ftW  1 

Ajaib       . 

.  ^rwrrw  (^on^w)  i 

Anokhe 

.  ,?pfNi  I 

Aji  Ram 

.  ^T^trT  TTflT  1 

Antu 

.^5fT  I 

Ajit 

Ajodhya 

Ajral 

Ajudhya 

Akalu      . 

Akbar 

Anup 

Anupa  . 

Aparbal 
A'rami    . 
Arbel     . 

Arjun 

0 

Akhe  R  m 

\3 

Akshar 

.^wr  i 

Arur 
Asa 

.  ^f  1 

Ala 

.  ^Ml  1 

.  ^rm  (wrm)  i 

Alam 

.  ^n^m  i 

Asa-din 

. 'srmffa-  i 

Albel       . 

.  ^rert^r  i 

Asam 

.  ^T€*T  I 

Algu 

<>- 

Asa  R£m 

.'^rnrTTm  i 

Alha 

.  ^TTWT  1 

Asharfi-Lal 

.  ^an£f  ^rr^r  i 

Amin 
Amar       . 

A  sol       . 

.  wNr  i 

Assa 

•  srurar  i 

Amar-chand 

.  twtM^  i 

At  ar 

.^flT  1 

28 


Atar-chand 

.  ^d<^<  1 

Atra 

.^SHTT  1 

Atbal 

.  ^TTfTOT  1 

1   Atrij      . 

A            1 

A'tma 

.  ^cHl^f  1 

Ausin    . 

.  <T*U*n 

A'tma  Rim 

.  ^MJTTTTTT  1 

Auseri    . 

.  ^I3<)  | 

Atr 

] 

Ayodhya 

B 

.  WtWT  1 

Biba-din 

.  «INKH  1 

Bahut  Rim 

•  ^frT^nT  1 

Babu 

.  WTW  1 

Baijnith 

.  f  W*f\V[  1 

Bachai     . 

.SHff  I 

Baiju 

S5> 

Bachan    . 

. '«-«M  1 

Bainta    . 

.STrTT  1 

Bachchu 

•  TO"  ! 

Bairisil 

.  Irten^r(srffajT^r) 

Bachu-Lil 

.  W3  ^TM  1 

<5s 

Bhaisika 

.  t^miT  1 

Bidal      . 

.  3T^T  1 

Baisikhi 

.  t*n-*fr  1 

Badal       . 

.ST^fl 

Bajrang 

.  W55RT  1  W^TTT  1 

Bidim     . 

.  snrm"  i 

Bakhshi 

.  «f^srt  (to*t)  I 

Badan 

.  «KH  1 

Bakhshi  Rim 

^STTTUT  1 

Badhan    . 
Badhiwa 

.^^r  i 

Bakhshish 

•  wwta(wwftr)l 

Badli       . 

.  s^^t  i 

Bakht     . 

.stWft  1 

Bakhtivvar 

.  3"<sctl=K  1 

Badlu      . 

.  ^*r  i 

Badri 

.^iti 

Bal 

.sn^r  1 

Badri  nath 

.  sreTtora  i 

Biiak      . 

.  srr*r=ff  1 

Badri  Narayan   ^^TT  •TTCTO'lt  1 

Bilak  Rim 

.  WT<*T3T  Tm  1 

Balikha 

.  TOTWT  1 

Baga 

.«rtt  i 

Bagga     . 

.  WT  1 

Baland  . 

.  TO^  1 

Bagh 

.  ^ra  i 

Balbhadar 

.  to*ts  1 

Bigha     . 

.*rraT  i 

Baldin  . 

.  «J<sl<*M  l^f<*KM| 

Baghel    . 

.  «*y^r  i 

Baldeo  . 

.  TOt*r  1 

Bahadur 

.3^13*  1 

Baldi 

.   «<<tf^l    1 

Bahil      . 

.STfTT  1 

Bile 
Balgar    . 

.  ^T%  1 

Bahore    . 

.  *M'K  1 

Bahori     . 

.srrtft  1 

Bil-Gobind 

.  ^T^Rtf^  1 

Bahoru   . 

.wtoi 

Bali 

.TOT  1 

29 


Biljit      . 

.  wrer  Jin  i 

Basti      . 

Basti  Rim 

Biz 

Beant 

Bechu     . 

Bed  Rim 

Beg        . 

Bega 

Bela 

Belam    . 

Belar      . 

Bella      . 

Beni 

Beni-bakhsh 

Beni-Midho 

Beshikha 

Bhabhikhan 

Bhabhu  . 

Bhadain 

Bhig      . 

Bhiga    . 

Bhagan  . 

Bhagat  . 

Bhaggu 

Bhig-mal 

Bhagole 

Bhagoti 

Bhagu    . 

Bhagwin 

Bhagwin-dfn 

Bhagwin-sah 

Bhagwant 

Bhairo   . 

Bhairon 

•  WT5T  I 

Bal-karan 
Bal-Kishan 

Balla       . 
Balla  Ram 
Ballu       . 
Balmant 
Balmi 

Bil-mukand 
(mukund) 
Bilnu       . 
Bilu 

.  3T*r  i 

.  4*il  1 
tlT  1 

.  tsrnsrc  i 

Balwant  . 

Bamanda 

Ban-baiisi 

Bandhan 

Bandi 

Banjira  . 

.  W?t^T  1 
.  WUIolKl  | 

Banka 
Bank  at    . 
Banna 
Bansi 
Barfi 
Barjor     . 
Barkat 
Barkha    , 
Baryim   . 
Basikha  .  • 

.  TOt  i 

.  HPTT  1 
.  VRT  | 

Basaman 
Basant    . 
Basiwa   . 
Basiwan 
Bisdeo    . 
Bashakha 

.  «WI<dl   1 

•  *N?f  1 

3° 


Bhaj  R£m 
Bhama     .  . 

Bhamma 
Bhina     . 
Bhanga  . 
Bhanjan 
Bhdram   . 
Bharat    . 
Bharath 
Bbau 
Bhau-Lal 
Bbaw^ni 
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.  q^r  i 

Parauti    . 

.  trtr?rf  i 

Phangu 

■si 

Parbat     . 

.  miwcr  i 

Phenkun 

•  ^  i 

Parbati    . 

.  t^cft  1 

Phihanna 

.  ■cfr^T  i 

Pargane  . 

.  t?;*t%  i 

Phiku     . 

•  wrii 

Paritam 

.  Tdrra'  i 

Phul        . 

Parma 

.  m?rr  i 

Phula     . 

I~»1     '11              J 

.  Hnsll  1 

Parmanand 

.  tTOTTT3^  1 

Phdl-chand 

Parmesuri-din 

Phulli     . 

.  wt  1 

Parmod  . 

.xnff^  1 
.  wrfr  i 

Phuman 
Phuman 
Phundan 

.  XFTTT^T  1 

Parsed!    . 

.  MiU*t  1 

Parsan     . 

.  Mi^H  1 

Parshad  . 

.  wfc  1 

Pinjha    . 

.ftrorr  1 

Pars  Ram 

.TTF^nr  i 

Pirag      . 

.fqTTT  1 

49 


Pirin-sukh 

•  Firm  w  i 

Prdn-sukh 

■  1TTT  W  1 

Pirthi-pal 

•  ftr^f  m*r  i 

Prasiddh  Ndri- 

Piru 

•  tft^  i 

yan 

c^ 

-TH*^  «1K14(<U  1 

Pitaf 
Pitam 

•  Trtcnr  i 

Pratap  . 
Prayig  . 

•IHTTtr  1 

•  H^IHI  1 

Pitambar 

•  facnre  i 

Prem 

•im  1 

Pitambar 

•  iTidisi?;  i 

Prem-sukh 

im  W  I 

Pitthu      . 

ftrar  i 

Prithi      . 

•^ft  1 

Pohp 

TtT<T  1 

Prithi-pal 

Wt  TTRT  1 

Pohpi      . 

tftwt  1 

Prithi -raj 

•  Wt  IT^f  1 

Pohu 

tftw  i 

Prit  Ram 

•  TThrT  Tm  1 

Pokhan   . 
Prabh-dayil 

4tfT  1 

Pudaf     . 
Pudhai   . 

•*W  <*ilM  1 

l^tl 

Prabhu    . 

tf*(*$0 

Puh£      . 

•T^T  I 

Prabhu-din 

•^^ri 

Punbhadar 

S^vn^i  i 

Praddu    . 

*f  1 

Punnu    . 

3\« 

Pradhina 

itotjtt  i 

Purai 

H*ii 

Prag        . 

TOT  1 

Puran     . 

•  wr  (tjt^t)  i 

Prig-din 

HFT  <{)*i  1 

Purusottam 

•IWTcOT  1 

Prahlad 

M^K  1 

r  USU         • 

W 

Prakas  Rae 

wre  ^ra  1 

Pyara     . 

RITTT  1 

Pramod   .           « 

ITjft^  1 

PySre     . 

^ITt  1 

Pran 

TTT^T  1 

Pyare-Lal 

^nt  ^rrer  i 

P  ran -pat 

HHMd  1 

F 

> 

Rabbal    . 

i«jH  1 

Rae 

t-ri  1 

Rabela    .          . 

T^rr  i 

Ragha   .          . 

T^T  1 

Rabi-Lal 

Tf«MM  1 

Raghu-bar 

t^*  i 

Raghu-bir 
Raghu-nandan 
Raghu-nith     . 

Rachpal 

i^UIrd    | 

Raddhu 

?$  1 

<y*1<r|    | 

Radha     . 

TT9T  1 

Radha  Kishan  . 

?T9T  1%IPT  1 

Raghu-pat 

Radhe  Kishan 

TT^f%U^  1 

Raisal    . 

TTt^rr^  i 

5° 


Raj 

•*T5T  1 

R4m-din 

•  ^^T^fa  1 

Raje 

>  TTW  1 

Rim-ditta 

.  ?T^f%TTr  1 

Rije  Ram 
Rajiwant 

•  ?ra  ?T*T  1 

Ra'm-Gop^l 
Rim-gulim 

•  ^Ttr'ftaFjr  1 

•  ifacirr  i 

•  *mi*rra"  i 

Rij-karan 

R£j-kum3r 

Rdjmdn 

Raj  want 

Rakshpil 

Rala 

•  ?r^r^?:^  i 

Rim-harakh 

Ram-het 

Rim-jayiwan 

Ra'm-jiciwan 

Rim-ji  Lai 

Rim-jit 

•  TTST^flTTC  1 

•  TVRt? rf  | 

•*MUI*f  1 

•  TW^rT  1 

•  i-cJMl^  1 

WT  1 

■  iT^^fT  1 

Ram 

•  Tm  i 

Ram  karan 

*mra^  i 

Rimadhin 
Rimanand 

•  ^UTT^N"  1 

Rim-kirat 
Ram-Kisun 
Ram-lagan 
Ram-Liil 

•  ttsth"3^  i 

Ramanka 

^W^fT'T  1 

Rim-autdr 

•  <W<dTtf  1 

Ra'm-bakhsh 

(Tm  ^mr)  i 

Ram-lautan     . 
Ram  lochan    . 

TT^^t^r  i 

•  <W«H^  1 

Tw<sfN*r  i 

Rim-bali 

•  *m^  i 

Ramma 

x^m  i 

Rim  baran 

^w^T^r  i 

Rammu 

T.m  i 

Rim  basaVan 

TTiT^^T^T  1 

Rim  Nand 

im^  i 

Rim  bharos 

TT*r*rfr*r  i 

Ram  NaVayan 

<i+Hi<iiim  i 

Rim  chand 

TT*T^  1 

Ram  Nith 

^-ra^rrer  i 

Ram-chandar 

?r*r^  i 

Rim-new^z     , 

TUHci/rsr  i 

Rcim-charan 

TTJT^^T  1 

R^m-nidhi 

TTJTfT^t  1 

Ram-charitr 

rw^f^r  i 

Rim  pad£rath 

tttpt^ttst  i 

Ram-charittar 

Tm^ftTrc  i 

Rdm-parg£s    . 

Tm^'mr  i 

R£m-chhor 

TUTWfa  1 

R£m-parsMd  • 

^UTiTTaTT^  1 

Rdm-daiya 

Tmt?TT  1 

Rdm-parWb     . 

TTHtrCfTTW  1 

Rdm-d£s 
Ram-datt 
Rcim-datta 
Rctm-davcll 

<\M4\H  1 

R^m-phal 
Ram-rakkha   . 
Ram-ratan 
Rim-rikh 

XTfTX^  1 

TTH^rf  1 

?r*n:^T  i 

Tm^rJT  i 

*i*rck  i 

%tM<4M  Jd  1 

imf^  1 

Rim-dhan         . 

Tnra^r  i 

Rdm  sabha 

TTOWT  1 

R£m-dha>i 

qtuuQ  i 

Rdm  sahae 

Tnrwro  i 

5' 


Rim-sajfwan 
Rim-saran 
Rim-sarup 
Rim-suchet 

Rim-suchit 

Rim-sukh 

Rim-sundar     . 

Rim-tahal         . 

Rim-udit 

Ran 

Rani       . 

Ran-bahidur    . 

Ran-bir 

Ran-dhir 

Rangi      . 

Ran-jit    . 

Ran-jor 

Rarmal    . 

Rasila 

Ratan 

Rati-bhan 

Rati-pal . 

Rati  Ram 

Ratna 

Richha  Rim     . 


Sabal 

Sabarjit  . 

Sibdhan 

Sada 

Sada-phal 

Sada  Rim 

Sada-sukh 


.  <W*H*l|  I 

<m^fad  i 
<m^  i 

^ir  i 

<.«t*Tld  I 
TOM  I 

t^tt  i 
1w*m  I 


.  *R«l^d  I 


Rijandar 
Rikhesar 
Risil      . 
Rfsil      . 
Rohan    . 
Rora 
Roshan 
Rudera 
Rudr      . 
Rugha    . 
Rughnith 
Rakm     . 
Ruldu     . 
Rtildu    . 
Runsu    . 
Rup        . 
Rupa 
Rupan   . 
Rup-chand 
Rup  Rim 
Rur 
Rur 
Rura 
Rura 


H 


Sidho    . 

Sidho  Rim 

Sidhu 

Sadoli 

Sigar 

Sagun 

Safa 


.  f<3*K  I 
.  ft*!M  I 
.  <|HM  I 

.  fr^T  i 

.^t:  i 
.^?  I 
.  wr  I 

.  ^d|2|  I 
.^TR  I 

•  ^^  I 

.^T  I 

.  ^TT  I 

.  ^T*m  i 
.^t  i 
.^f  i 


.*m*t  ?t*t  i 

E    2 


52 


Sahie 
Sahii 

.^thi  i 

Sangam 
Singe    . 
Sangrim 
Sankal-dip 
Sankar  . 
Sankari  bakh< 
Sankata 
Sankatha 
Sankru 
Sansir    . 
Sant 

Santi  Rim 
Santok  , 
Santokh 
Santu 
Sinwal  . 
Sinwant 
Sinwat 
Sarab-dawan 
Sarab-jit 
Sarab-sukh 
Saran     . 
Sarani    . 
Saranu  . 
Sarin"      . 
Sarb-dayil 
Sarb  sukh 
Sarbu     . 
Sarda     . 
Sardir    . 
Sardira 
Sardiru 
Sardha  . 
Sardul    . 

.  TO^fa"  1 

Sahaj  Ri 

m       .  *f^  <w  1 

Saheb 

Saheb-dir 

.^rrf%^  i 

Saheb  R3 

ih  «chO  «mw  i 

Sahib      . 

.  *<*d|    | 

Sihib-dfn 
Sdhib-ditl 

.  HTf%5T  ^PT  1 

.  w  i 

i         .  *ft  TUT  1 

Sahi  Rirr 
Sahjida 
Sahtu 
Saidha     , 
Sajada     . 
Sakti 

.  HH\<  1 

yWW%\ 

.  ^T  1 
.  WSTTTT  1 

.  wk  i 

.  *i=hdl  1 

•■^1 

Salag 

.  ^rrTnr  i 

.  *ri3<d  i 

Silagrim 
Salimat 
Saldi 
Salik        . 
Salima     , 
Salku 

.  M\4c\  1 

.  <H«<*ri<i  i 

•  *n?F  i 
.*wt  i 

•  WfFf  1 

Salukan 
Salwant 
Sama 
Saman     . 
Siman     . 
Simand  . 

Q 

bamanda 
Samant   , 

Samman 
Sam  pat  , 
Samud     . 
Sandal     . 

.  «*H  1 
.W%%  1 

.  *n^r  i 

53 


Sardul 

Sarj  it      .  . 

Sarju 

Sarmukh 

Saudagar  , 

Saukhi     . 

Saula       . 

S4un 

Sa\val 

Set  wan 

Selwan-mal 

Sedhu 

Sera         , 

Setusai    .  , 

Sewa       .  , 

Sewa  Rdm 

Sewak 

Sewak  Lad 

Sewak  Ram 

Sh&li 

Shadi  Ram 

Shalag 

Shaligrdm 

Sham 

SiicLma     . 

Sham  NaVeiyan 

Shamsher 

Shangam 

Shankar 

Sliaram 

Sheda 

Shedu 

Sher 

Shera 


*pc*pi  i 

%^f  i 
%^Tnrr  i 

ffasff  TTK  I 

m$\  *th  i 
m<$*i  i 
wTf%^mr  i 
*rr*r  i 
wn  i 
srrtr  «iKi<yw 

SJTR  I 
3J3TC  I 

ir^  i 
an:  i 
SfaT  i 


Sher-jang 

Shib 

Shibba   . 

Shibbu    . 

Shib-datt 

Shib-karan 

Shib-Lal 

Shilwant 

Shimbhu 

Shitab  '. 

Shiu 

Shiu-ambar 

Shiu-balak 

Shiu  badan 

Shiu-bakhsh 

Shiu-chand 

Shiu-charan 

Shiu-darshan 

Shiu  datt 

Shiu-dayad 

Shiu  din 

Shiu-gulam 

Shiu-ji   . 

Shiu-karn 

Shiu- Lai 

Shiu-mangal 

Shiu-nandan 

Shiu  Niriyan 

Shiu-nath 

Shiu  pal 

Shiu-parshid 

Shiu-raJ 

Shiu-rdkhan 

Shiu  Ram 

Shiu-ratan 


fajcTT^r  I 
fwf  (fareO  i 


fsr^Tjsrnr  I 

f  *!=!*<*!  I 
fajc|L|<^i^  i 


54 


Shiu-sagar 

Shiu-sah^e 

Shiu-sampat 

Shiu-sharan 

Shiu  shankar 

Shiu-tahal 

Shri-na*th 

ShukhaMi 


b 

ban 

bba 

bbu 

-daydl 

ddhi 

ddhu 

-guldm 

ha 

hnu 

Kishan 
Iwant 
mbhu 

N£r£yan 
ng^ra 
ngh-man 
ngh  R£m 
nghu     . 
ng  Ra*m 
ngu       . 
ri  pat   . 
s  R3m 
•4b 
tal 

ta  Ram 
u-bans 


fsj^TTTT  I 
faWWTST  I 

fan  an  m  i 

TP§T^T  I 

fwr  i 
f%«5[  i 

faTJ^mr  i 
#Nt  i 

€t  ^nrRT^ri 
ftniKi  i 
ftff  w^  i 
f*rt  tut  i 
ftfsr  i 

f*f*T  TT*T  I 

^hr  tut  i 

facTTW  I 

#hr*r  i 


Siu  baran 
Siu-bhankar 
Siu-dan 
Siu-Hari-dam 
Siu-ndth 
Siu-p^l  . 
Siu-pdl  Ram 
Siu  Rdm 
Siu-rattan 
Siu-saran 
Siu-tahal 
Sobha    . 
Sobha  R4m 
Sohan     . 
Sohanu 
Soliya    . 
Sri  Kisbn 
Sri  Krishn 
Sri  paM   . 
Sri  pat  . 
Sri  Ram 
Suambar 
Suba 
Subba    . 
Sr.bbu    . 
'Subdhein 
Subhai   . 
Subh-karan 
Sucha     . 
Suchet   . 
Sucheta 
Suchit    . 
Suda 
Suddgar 
Sud^tna 


1%  W3iT  I 
.  fa^R-  I 
t%3TfT^T  I 

•  fa^rra  i 

^tVTT  I 
^TVTTTm  I 

^TfWirT  I 

^T  ir^o"  I 
^ft  m«r  i 

^ftTTrT  I 

A^m  i 

^Tl 

wt  i 

l^T  I 
l^fT  I 
l^rTT  I 
lf%?T  I 
^T  I 

wn:  i 


55 


Sudar 

•  t&  1  " 

Suddhu 

••tl"  1 

Sudh 

•  ^r  i 

Sudha 

•  wr  i 

Saghar 

■■<Hfi 

Sugrib 

.  %*x\?  1 

Suhavva 

.  tj^m  i 

Suhel       , 

.  ^¥*r  i 

Sujan       , 

.l^TPT  1 

Sukha 

•  ^*¥T  1 

Sukhaf 

.  IWt  1 

Sukh-cha 

•n       •  ^^  T  1 

Sukh-day 

*1      •  ^i^n*r 

Sukh-deo 

•  W^*  1 

Sukh-dha 

n        •  W^TR"  1 

Sukh-Ul 
Sukh  ma 
Sukh-nar 

•  ^^^T^T  1 

>&al    •  tJ<3U$<!l  1 

idan    .  ^<§iT<ST  | 

Sukh-rij 

•l^TWI 

Sukh  Ra" 

m         .  ^<W  | 

Sukh-ran 

•^W^T  1 

Sukru 

■!f*  1 

Su  lakha 

n        ^TW^r  i 

Sultini 

•  ^tm^  i 

Sumer 

w  1 

Sumund 

■  w*> 

Sun^g 

•^TT*T  1 

Sundar  . 
Suphal    . 
Suphal  Kim 
Sur 

Suraj-bakhsh 
Suraj-bali 
Suraj-pal 
Suraj-parshid 
Surat  vSuratj 
Surat  bhan 
Surat  Rim 
Suriyan 
Suramin 
Surja 
Surjan    . 
Surj-pdl 
Surju 
Surmak  . 
Surmakh 
Suthra    . 
SyaMu 
Syim 
Sy£ma    . 
Svam  Bihai-i 


^p*«r  tut  i 
^  i 

^TrT  VTT*T  I 

W  i 


iffl 


Sw4miNdrayan^7^t  HKiqm  | 
S  war  up  .  ^f^tr  | 


Tahal 

Tahdil 

Tahil 


Tail 

Tanda    . 
Tam       . 

.  t«T  1 

•  i<l£l  1 

•  HKI  1 

Perhaps  a  mis-spelling  of  Sundar     ^f^ 


56 


Tara  chand 

Tilak       . 
Tilak  dhari 
Tilok      . 

M<d*   1 

Tarif 

fd«?i*  ^nrj"  i 

Tarlok     . 

fd<3l3>  1 

Tedu 

Z^  1 

1  lloka    . 

•  frf*«ft=frr  i 

Tej 

6\ 
^1 

Toda 

ZTST  1 

Teja 

d^tl  1 

Tofa*     . 

^\WT  1 

T*      *      T~>    ' 

^\ 

Tofa-Ram 

cft^n-  tt*t  i 

lej-Kam 

cT^RI*T  1 

Tek 

•Z3\  1 

Tollu      . 

zhn 

Tek  Ram 

z^tih  1 

Torab     . 

■  ??kw  i 

Thahalli 

WW  Hi  1 

Tota 

•  ntm  i 

Tota  Ram 

.  <ftrTTTT*T  1 

Thakur    . 

<4I$<  1 

Thakur-das 

Toti 

-  fftWt  1 

<4I$<  Tre  1 

Th£kur-din 

_£\ 

Totta     . 

rTTfTT  1 

6\$<  ^Tf  1 

Thakuri  . 

<*$<>  1 

Tribeni-pal 

fVt'ft  TTT^T  1 

Thakuru  . 

<4I$^  1 

Tri-bhuwan 

•f^pFT  1 

Thamman          , 

WW5T  (tot)  1 

Triloka 

fa<?Tl*l  1 

Thebu 

^  •' 

Tuhiya  . 

rff%3T  1 

Them  R£m 

£*T  TT*T  1 

Tula  Ram 

■  cpsTTTTW  1 

Thola      . 

^T^TT  1 

Tulja  Ram 

<J*T5TT  TFR  1 

Tholu      . 

sft^  1 

Tulsa     . 

?J*WT  1 

Thor 

WtK  1 

Tulsi 

<jWt  1 

Thuman 

J  ulsi  Rim 

■  fJ<d<Jl  TTiT  1 

Thummu 

SHE"  1 

Tunda    . 

zjm  i 

Thuniydn 

§fwr  i 

Tundar  . 

Zrf*  1 

Tika 

Turanti . 
Turti      . 

wni\ 

Tika  R£m 

fj<^  i 

Tikam 

.  rtaw  i 

Tusa 

■Wi 

Tikhu      . 

•  f>n$r  i 

Uchit 

Udai     Uday 


u 


Uday-Rim 
U'dam 


*  For  Arabic  Tuhfa. 


57 


LTdan       . 

Uja'gar  . 
Ujjal        . 

.  U*IHH  1 

Ude 

^^TtT  1 

U'dham    . 

.  3tW  1 

Uma-datt 

.  WT  ^tT  1 

U'dho       . 

.  ^3P*T  1 

Um^ii     . 

.  ^*rr  i 

Udit 

.^f^H  1 

U'mar 

.  swt  i 

Uditt 

.  ^Tf  1 

Umed     . 

.^^  i 

Udmi       .  • 

.^*ft  1 

Umeg     . 

.  ^H*T  1 

Udmin     . 

Ummed 

Udmi  Rdm 

Umr^o  . 

.  WRJW\  (>d*HI«0 

Udyam    . 

.  ^JT  1 

Unok      . 

.^rt^i  i 

Ugi 

.^TT  1 

Utam 

.  ^dH    1 

Ugrah  Nar4y; 

in  ^Tf  ^TT*PH  1 

Uttam     . 

.  ^fW  1 

W 

Wadhawa 

.  SfXRT  1 

Wazira  . 

.  ^^TTT  1 

Wakil      . 

.  ^fffa  1 

Waziru  . 

.  *r^fH  i 

Wazir 

r 

Yadu  Ram 

.  srr^  tttt  i 

Yodha    . 

.  srtaT  1 

Yad  R£m 

.  zrr^  tut  i 

Yogu 

•^X> 

Y£nnu 

£ 

Zabra 

Zauki  Ram 

Zahir       . 

.  w^  i 

Zordwar 

.  ^Hl^i  1 

Zalim       . 

*rrf%*r  i 

59 


Appendix  to  List  of  Hindu  names. 


[N.B. — For  the  reasons  given  in  paragraph  2  of  the  Introduction,  the  following  list  of 
casles  and  clans  is  far  from  complete;  at  best  it  .represents  only  the  names 
found  in  the  Bengal  Army,  and  under  Rajput  clans,  only  a  very  few  of  the«e. 
The  names  given  in  brackets  are  duplicate  or  alternative  spellings  of  the  un. 
bracketed  names  which  they  follow.] 


Hindu 


Ahar 

Ahir 

Baheliya 

Baniya    . 

Bari 

Beriya     . 

Bhat 

Bhunjwa 

[Bhujwa 

Brahman 

Chamclr   . 

Ching 

Chhipa     . 

Dhanukh 

[Dhanuk 

Dogra 

Gareriya 

[Garariya 

Gosain 

Gujar 

Halwai 

Jat 

Jatt 

Kabu 

Kachhi 

Kahar 

Kalar 

[Kalwar 


*T?  f^TCTT  I 

^f*T3T  i 
soft  I 
tff^rr  i 
\nz  i 
^nrr  i 
OTV  i] 
sjrspr  i 
^nr  i 
^  i 

^T5W  I 
^T^i  i  ] 
^rr  i 
Ttfe *rr  i 
T^fen  i  ] 

^1 

mz  i 
mift  i 


*^K  I  ] 


Castes. 

Kanait   . 
Kayath 
[Kayasth 
Khatri    . 
Kumhir 
Kuri       . 
Kurmi    . 
Lawani 
fodh      . 
Lohar     . 
Luara 
Mahto    . 
[Maheton 
[Maito   . 
Manar 
Mania    . 
Mehtar 
Murai     . 
[Murai 
Nai 

[Nau  . 
Pasi 

Rajput  . 
Saini  . 
Sikh  . 
Sonar  . 
[Sunar  . 
Tamoli  . 


WRm  I  ] 


^TTTT  I 

*¥m  i  J 

HHr\\  I  ] 


TrfmtT  I 

*TF3?  I  ] 
TTTWt  I 

Mi 

^TK  I  ] 


6o 


Titles  of  Brahmans. 


Agniho 
Awasthi 

Chaube    . 

Dichhit   . 

[Dikshit 

Dube 

[Dube     . 

Misir 

[Misr 

Bachgoti 

Bais 

Bandalgoti 

Bhadauriya 

Bhalesultdn 

Bisen 

Chauhdn 

Durgbansi 


Adhik'dri 
Ale 

Bhandari 
Bisht 
Buiathoki 
Damai     . 
Dura 
Ghale      . 
Gharti 
Gurung   . 
[Gurum  . 
Hamdl   . 


Ojha  . 
Panre  . 
[Pdnde 
P^thak  . 
Sukul  . 
TiwaVi  . 
Tribedi 
UpaVlhya 
[Upadhya 


'frt  i 
f^fer  i 

f^f^rT  I  ] 

ft  I] 

fw3*  I  ] 

Clans  of  Rajputs 

nfrfwr  i 

Gurkhdli  Castes 


Gargbansi 
Gaur 
Gautam  . 
junwir 
Kachwiha 
Kanpuriya 
Pawar  . 
Sombansi 


^  I 
*J^*T  I  ] 


Jaisi 

Kirki     . 
Kawar 
Kharka 
Khattri 
Khawcls 
LcLma      . 
Magar    . 
iMahat    . 
Mai 

Nagarkoti 
Newa"r . 


•  trt%  i  ] 


•*TtrTCT  I 

•  ^TTf  T  I 

•  WT  I 

•  ^eforwi  i 

w^t  i 
srr^rf  i 
?m,T.  i 
w^rr  i 
*r^t  i 
^m  i 
^ttttt  I 
tnrc  i 

STTcT  I 


6i 


Gut 

■khdli 

Castes — concld. 

Pun 

•  H^i 

S4hi       . 

•  *TT¥t  1 

Rae 

.TRT  1 

Sain 

.^T  1 

Rana 

.  TTWT  1 

Sirki      . 

-Wmf  1 

Rdwal      . 

.  TT3*T  1 

Singh     . 

.f*Tf  1 

Roka 

.<farr  i 

Th£pa    . 

.mxrr  i 

63 


NAMES  OF  MUHAMMADANS. 


Abad       . 

obi 

Abban     .          , 

uS 

'Abbas 

u~^ 

'Abbas  'Ali 

• 

'Abbis  Husain 

u*~^  u*^* 

'Abdul     . 

J*& 

'Abdul- Ahad    . 

OoJ|jO£ 

'Abdul-Ghafur 

,JuU|OXC 

'Abdul-Ghani   , 

0iiJ|axc 

'Abdul-Halim 
'Abdul-Husa'n 

'Abdul-Karim 
'Abdul-Khalik 

'Abdullah 

aJJIj^c 

'Abdullah  Nur 

«y  jjuijox 

'Abdul-Latif 

C_ajJaJU)«Ja£ 

'Abdul-Majid 

JOLs-oJjaxc 

'Abdul-Wahid 

o^IJIjox 

'Abdur-Rahim 

^^^JJjax 

'Abd.t-Rahma 
'Abdur-Rashid 

OJLwJIjoj: 

'Abdus-Salam 
'Abdus  Samad 

|*HwJltU£ 

Adam 

fii) 

Agha 

lei 

Afzal       . 
Ahmad    . 
Ahmad 'AH      . 

Ahmad-bakhsh 
Ah  mad-din 
Ahmad  Gul 
Ahmad  Shah 
Ahmad  Sher 
Ahmad-y£r 
'A  jab       . 
Ajmeri    . 
Akbar      . 
Akbar  Ali 
Akbar  Husain 
Akhtar     . 
Akhtar  Shah 
Alah-bakhsh 
Alah-din 

Alah  ditta 

Alah-rakkha 
Alah-yar 
'Alam      . 
'Alam  'Ali 
'Alamdar  Hus 
ain 

'Alam-din 
'Alam  sher 

'Alaud-din 

'Alawal 

'Ali 

'Ali  bah^dur 

'Ali-bakhsh 

'Ali-dad  . 

Alif 


Ci)\ 


64 


Alif 

'Ali  Husain 

'Alim 

'Ali  Marddn 

'AH  Muhammat 

'Ali  Murid 

'AHud-din 

Allah-ditta 
Allah  Nur 
Altaf  Husain 
Aman  'Ali 
Am^nat  . 
Amanat  'Ali 
Amdnullah 
Amin 

Aminud-daula 
Amir 
Amir  'Ali 
Amir-ddd 
Amjad     . 
Amjad  'Ali 
Anwar     . 
A'rab      . 
Arif  'Ali 
Arsla 
Asad  'Ali 
Asadullah 
Asaf 
Asaf  'Ali 


B£ba 

Baba-jcin 

Bachu 


Do  'JjUl 

jy'i    dJUl 


ilkJI 


J-  ..M 


Jlx 


JUI 
JUI 


JLc  JuJ 

I 


O^ 


B 


Asghar    . 
Asghar  Husain 
'Ashik  'Ali 
'Ashik  Muham 

mad 
Ashnaki 
Ashraf    . 
Aslam 
'Atie    Muham 

mad 
'Ata  Husain 
'Ata      Muham 

mad 
'Atar 
'Atiullah 
'Aul£d    Husain 
Auliya     . 
Auscin 

Ayya 

Azad 

A'zam 

A'zam  'Ali 

'Azim 

'Azim-bakhsh 

'Aziz 

'Aziz  'Ali 

'Azizud-din 

'Azmat    . 

'Azmatullah 

Badal  . 
Bddal  . 
Badr-din 


^ 


fJ-Sic 


J^sr"* 


(jJUlLLr 

(Jo*) 


u*^ 


y-y 
J-cyy 


J* 


65 


Badrud-din 

Bidu 

Bidullah 

Bigh  'Ali 

Baghi 

Bigu       . 

Bahadur . 

Bahadur  'Ali 

Bahidur-Sher 

Bahiud-din 

Bahiwal 

Bahiwal-bakhsh 

Bahrim  . 

Bairi        . 

Bak 

Bakhshan 

Bakhshish 

Bakhshish   'Ali 

Bakhtawar 

Bakir  'Ali 

Bakka      . 
Bala-din 
Banin     . 
Banda-e  'Ali 

Band  i  'Ali 
Binka     . 
Bin 

Barkat  'Ali 
Bar-khurdir 


.5b 
*JU|ob 

"A 
A* 


JLc  Sjjo 

&b 


Baryim 

Basawan 

Basbirat 

Bashirat'Ali 

Biz 

Biz  gul 

Bizid     . 

Baz-nur 

Biz  Muhammad 

Beche    . 

Bhig      . 

Bhaggu 

Bhikkha 

Bhola 

Bhole 

Bhure 

Bihiri 

Biloch 

Bora 

Bostin 

Bu-'Ali-bakhsh 

Buddhu 
Buddhan 
Budhu    . 
Buliki    . 
Buland 
Bunyid 
Burhin->din 
Buta 


t^o 


P. 

J/jb 

d^  jb 

"       <£* 

J* 

oJJb 
obJj 


Chind     , 
Chandan 


oJU. 


,0Jo. 


Chaughatta 
Chhannu 


lV: 


Jt 


J"** 


66 


Chhedi    . 

cr*^^ 

Chiragh-dfn     . 

&**  eW 

Chiragh  . 

& 

Chiraghud-din 

vi^tJrt 

Chiragh  'AH 

J^£  ek 

D 

Dad-gul 

J/  *)<>  | 

Daud      . 

*y* 

Ddd-sher          . 

jju  o)j 

Daulat   . 

c^o 

Dadu 

;5|o 

Didar     . 

j\*H* 

Daim  'AH 

J*f\* 

DiLlwar 

& 

Dalel       . 

J^ 

Dildar    . 

jIjJj 

Dalmir     . 

^JtJj 

Dil  Muhammad 

J^sr'0   JO 

Daraz 

Jb° 

Din  Muhammad 

&*=*  ^J  J 

Dariz   Muham- 

Ditta     . 

Ui> 

mad     .          , 

tX*^*  J|jL> 

Diwan  'Ali      . 

^  J> 

Da-gahi 

^f 

Dost    Muham- 

Darfra    . 

"  W 

mad     . 

tXa.sr'*   e^u^O 

Dar-Muhamma 

d                            cX^sr^.O 

Dulu      . 

y;o 

Darweza 

•Hy* 

Dunde    . 

c—OO.O 

Dasaundhe 

,                                        ^S    Jjywt) 

Fahmi 
Faiz 

Faiz      Muham 

mad 
Fakira     . 
Fakir-bakhsh 
Fakir    Muham 

mad 
Fakir  Shah 
Fakir  Yahya 
Farangi  . 
Farhat    Husain 


a^xr' 


c^*-^ 


Farid 
Farmdn 
Farm^n  'Ali 
Farzand  'Ali 
Fasihullah 
Fateh-din 
Fateh-jang- 
Fateh  Muham 

mad 
Fathud-din 
Faujdar 
Fauji 


jo 


^ 


J^s^0 


^Ji 


67 


Faiyaz  'Ali 

^jt*  c>^ 

Fazl-dad 

Fazil 

ij^slj 

Fazl  Hakk        • 

Fazl 

iJ-^> 

Fazl  Shah 

jL*  i^LAj 

Fazl  'Ali  . 

^Ls  J-Ai 

Firoz 

jj> 

G 

Gahli 

oV 

Ghuldm  Kasim 

>«*ila  (*Hx 

Gahu 

"yM 

Ghulam        Mu- 

Garni 

kjT* 

hammad 

iXoJs^  (*Dli 

Gasita     .          . 

AJU-w./ 

Ghulam     Muni- 

Gauhar    , 

jJtJ 

yuddint 

^i^  cu 

Gauhar'Ali 

J*J*>/ 

Ghulim      Mur- 
taza 

^^iy°  (U 

Ghaffar    . 

Ghulam      Mus- 

Ghafur   . 

tafa, 

1  Jda^a,-°  (*D,i 

Ghalib'Ali 

L  $              • 

Ghulam  Nabi 

^  rui 

Gh£si 

Ghuldm  Rasul 

Jjrj  cu 

Ghaus  Muham- 

GhuUm Siddik 

^jj^  /«lJtc 

mad 

J*^s-^  Clvr 

Godar      .          , 

;¥ 

Ghazan    . 

y}i 

Golai 

JV 

Ghazanfar  'Ali 

,JLc   jS6>*A£. 

Golin 

W 

Ghazi 
Ghazi-bakhsh  . 

Gujjar     . 
Gul 

2 

J^ 

Ghdziud-din*   . 

yji^^Sp 

Gulib      . 

V1^ 

Ghirr^u    . 

y? 

Gul  Akhmand 

iSx^L)  JS 

GhuUm   . 

fU 

Gul-dardz 

jl;o  J? 

G  .ulam  'Abb2s 

^txC    (*&C 

Gul  Halim 

,*JlU.  J/ 

Ghulam  'Ali      . 

j*cu 

Gul  Hasan 

1 

Ghulam  Haidai 

jfcXXa.  fUi 

Gulistdn 

y/JuJi' 

Ghu'dm  Hasan 

^i,  (*Ui 

Gul  Muhamma 

U                         (A^sr^    Jl/ 

Ghuldm  Hazrat 

cj^Aa.  /«JJLc 

Gul  Shih 

,                                  »L£   (Jj 

Ghulam  Husair 

i                     (-w^.  /-ILc 

GulzaV 

,!>ir 

Ghulam  Ja7ar 

Ji*^.   /*Ur 

Gulzar  Husain 

.  (  .A.w  *s    » /  J..O 

*  ™s  'S  th^  0i;dinary  Inili'in  pronunciation.     The  correct  vocalization  is  Ghaeid-din 
f  xhis  a|so  is  the  popular  pronunciation,  instead  of  the  correct  Muhyiddin. 


F  2 


68 


H 


HaMb     . 
HaMb  'AH 
Habibullah 
Habfbur-Rah- 

man 
Hadi  ya> 
Hafiz  'All 
Hafizullah 
Haidar    . 
Haidar  'AH 
Haidar-bakhsh 
Haji         . 
Hakdad  . 
Hakim     . 
Hak-nawaz 
Haku       . 
Halfm      . 
Hamd 
H^mid     . 
Ham  id     , 
Harif  Gul 
Haru 
Hasan 

Hasan  Raza* 
Hashim  'AH 
Hassu 
H£thi       . 


Ibrahim   . 
Ibrahim  'AH 


J* 

"&JUI 


. c  ^ 


9j  (^^A 


M^^ 
0^U 


Hayat      . 
Hay^t  Ahmad 
Hayat  'AH 
Hay£t  bakhsh 
Hayat  Gul 
Hayat  Muham 

mad 
Hayatullah 
Hazabr    . 
Hazrat     . 
Hetu 
Hidayat 
Hidayat  'AH 
Hikmat   . 
Himayatullah 

Himmat 
Hira 
Hire 

Hoshyar  'AH 
Hubdar  ; 
Hurmat  . 
Hurmat  'AH 
Husain 
Hussain  'Ali 
Husain-bakhsh 

Husdmud-din 


I 


<J> 


U 


'fd-bakhsh 
Iftikha>  Husain 


) 


|«J4 


Thus  pronounced  in  India:  properly  Riza. 


69 


Ihsan       .          . 

JU*I 

Imtiyaz  Husain 

^JU*^  jLL*] 

Ihsan  'Ali 

^LcJ-^] 

'I  nay  at    . 

c^txs 

IkhHyar  . 

AjlLLI 

'Inayat  'Ali       . 

JjlV^Jl* 

Hah  bakhsh 

J^^) 

'Inayat  Husain 

^u~^.  u^~J,^c 

Ilah-dad 

o!o  *J| 

Irshad  'Ali 

JLc  oLijI 

Ilahi 

y^ 

"fsa 

Uy^ 

Ilahi-bakhsh     . 

u^^' 

Isfandiyar 

.UjJJi^I 

Imam       .          . 

/•l*l 

Islam       .          . 

fU\ 

Im£m  'Ali 

^ix  rUI 

Islam  'Ali 

^JlrfUU 

Imam-bakhsh   . 

JU?  fU| 

Isma'il     .          . 

(_)jkJt-0-w| 

Imdad      . 

o|<x*l 

'Ismatullah 

dJUleux-o-ox 

Imdad  'Ali 

Is  o!j^| 

'Iyarud-din 

cri^!;^ 

'Imran     . 

Jj^ 

'Izzat 

op 

Imroz      .          . 

hs°]- 

Jabar 

• 

f 

Jangi 

s^ 

Jafar 

■  0*.-^ 

Jang-sher 

jjJiJ^j*. 

Jafar  'Ali 

^UJ***- 

Jan  Mubammai 

i               ^^°  ^U 

Jahan 

•'  Jrt- 

Jaralla     . 

hf 

Jahangir 

.•   jif^t* 

Jauhar  'Ali 

\J*J*J* 

Jahangir  'Ali 

^7^^ 

Jawab 

c_>l^a. 

Jahangir-bakhs 

h          ^r^j^W 

Jawahir   . 

Jalalud-din 

e^U% 

Jawahira 

L&L^. 

Jallad       . 

oiL 

Jhajju      . 

jfa 

Jamadar 

.|<JOb6^. 

Jhande     . 

<=_ji^2k. 

Jamal 

J^ 

Jhandi  Shah 

,                                JUu  ^f£\$A. 

Jamalud-din 

tyMjUfr 

Jhari 

S£^ 

Jamil-Ahmad 

J>o.1>l    (_JvX©»^. 

Jibi 

u^ 

Janan 

^ 

Jitan 

v^ 

J anas*     . 

(^JU. 

Jite 

<^?- 

Jang-baz 

jb   <^Jj^. 

Jiu 

>** 

•  Perhaps  the  name  of 

a  Eurasian, —  Johns 

(?) 

7o 


J  i  wan 

Juma 

Juman 


e/*^ 


Jumman 
Jundi 


V++ 


-<3Xa. 


K 


Kabul      . 

Kadir      . 

Kadir      . 

K£dir  'Ali 

Kddir-dad 

Kciim 

Kaim  'Ali 

Kaim  Husain 

Kajir 

Kala 

Kalandar 

Kale 

Kalu 

Kamll     . 

Kamala  . 

Kamal-din 

Kamarud-din 

Kapur 

Karam     . 

Karam  'Ali 

Kar^mat 

Karamat  'Ali 

Karimatullah 

Karam-bakhsh 

Karim 

Karim  'Ali 

Karim-bakhsh 

Karim-d^d 


"old  ,ote 


^iT^^  ^ 


/ 


dJtr 


JLr 


'aJL'K 


^1/ 


0|J  ri^ 


Kishif  'Ali 

Kashmir 

Kashmiri 

Kisfm     . 

K£sim  'Ali 

K^sim-din 

Kattu 

Kizim  'Ali 

Kesar 

Khddim  'Ali 

Khainit  'Ali 

Khair^ti 

Khair    Muham 
mad 

Khairullah 

Khalik-d^d 

KMna     . 

Khan  Bahadur 

Kh£ni-zam£n 

Khanjar 

Khan  Mir 

Khan    Muham 
mad 

Kh£tim  'Ali 

Khdtir-jama 

Khaw^ss 
Khewa    . 
K he wan  . 


Iz^iJX 


,13 


rl 


0Ic  roLL 


J.* 


^Jb^ 


)^V 


U 


* 


7i 


Khizr-dad 

i>|j.^ia. 

Kifayat  'Ali      . 

ix  LlL-J.La-T 

Khoju 

}*-J± 

Kiyamud-din 

^JdJIfLS 

Khuda-bakhsh 

,                <^r^  1*^- 

Kudrat     , 

ci><S> 

Khuda-dost 

U^mm.0   IcXjL 

Kudrat  'AH      . 

^C^cJS 

Khuda-mihr 

jY°  '***■ 

Kulvvant 

Khuddwand 
Khuda-yaV 
Khvv^ja-bakhsh 
KhwajaMuham 
mad 

Khwcij-bakhsh 

- 

Kurban  'Ali 
Kurd        . 
Kuru 
Kutb 
Kulbud  din 

I 

rf 

Laik  Ali 

,>  df« 

Lul  Muhammac 

I                      d^*  J*J 

Lai 

J*,  J^ 

Langar    . 

y3J 

Lala 

.  aJD 

Latif         .          , 

V rj^LJ 

L^l-baz    . 

jb  J*J 

Lutf  'Ali 

JLc  i^JLLI 

Lai -beg  . 

c_&J  JuJ 

Lutf  Shah 

aLi  l   okl 

Lal-gul    . 

J/  J*J 

Lutfullah 

oJUk^UJ 

Lai  mir    . 

1 

Ma  dad     . 

OJ^> 

Majid 

axs/* 

Madad  'Ali 

Jlc  oj«/* 

Makhdum 

r>4fcf 

Madah     . 

Makhdum- 

Madar 

bakhsh 

\J^  C)*** 

Madar-bakhsh 

^/U^l.x* 

Makhe     . 

^o. 

Madat      . 

•                                        OtX/e 

Makka  'Ali 

1                          .Xr  d£s* 

Mad-gul 

J^  0^ 

Malang  . 

"U3JL. 

Mahbubullah 

aWIu^* 

Malik      . 

lJU 

Mahfuz  'Ali 

,>¥-" 

Malik   Muham. 

M  ah  mud 

4>j*S^ 

mad 

Jux^  y^SL* 

Mahtab   , 

V^v" 

xMalik  Shah 

,                   *Lw  uJ3w-» 

Mahtu      , 

rV0 

Maluk      . 

uJjJL- 

72 


M^mun   . 

Mana       • 

Mansab'Ali 

Mansullah 

Mansur  . 

Mansur'Ali 

Ma-sha-allah 

Mashiyat  'Ali 
Mashiyat 
Husain 
Masta 
Matlub  Husain 
Maula 

Maula-bakhsh 
Maula-dad 
Mausam 
Mausam  'Ali 
Mazhar  'Ali 
Mazrai*  . 
Megal      . 
Merai 
Mihr 
Mihrab    . 

Mihrab-din 

Mihr 'Ali 

Mihr  bakhsh 

Mihrban 

Mihr-dad 

Mihr-iklim 

Mihr     Muham 
mad      . 

Mihr  Shah 


¥*a\s* 


lt^  b" 


Minhajud-din 
Mir  'Abbas 
Mir  Afghan 
Mir  Akhmand 
Mir  Alam 
Mir  'Ali 
Miran      . 
Miran-bakhsh 
Mir  Aslam 
Mir  Ghulam 
Mir  Gul  . 
Mir  Hasan 
Mir  Muhammad 
Mir  Zaman 
Misri 
Misru 
Miyan     . 
Miy£n  Gul 
Miyan  Jan 

Mohana  . 

Mu'azzam 

Mubarak' 

Mubin      . 

Mughli    . 

Muhabbatt 

Muhabbatulla 

Muhmadi 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 
Afzal  . 

Muhammad 
Ahsan 


aJUIc^x*'* 


J^aiJ  J*^ 


cr^"1 


J^sr7* 


Possibly  an  error  of  transcription  for  Mirzai,  Jj-o 

Thus  always  pronounced  in  India :  correctly  Mahabbat. 


73 


Muhammad 

Muhammad- 

Akbar             • 

yS)  a**-* 

nawaz  . 

j)y  d*v* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Akram .          . 

(J\  iU^* 

Nazir    . 

j&lj  J^s^* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad  Nur 

JS  **** 

Alam    . 

JLc  a^s/0 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Raza     , 

Loj  a*^* 

'Ali      . 

J**+=* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Sadfk    , 

J^.a^  a*..^ 

Asad     . 

J^l  iX*j=* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Sahib    . 

V-^a.Lj  a^s^ 

Asghar            . 

jk^>)  ao^* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Sarafi^z 

j]f\j^  <X*^° 

Ashur    .          • 

\  yiltXc  «Jk^.s^ 

Muhammfd 

Muhammad 

Shah     . 

*U;  a**-* 

A'zam  . 

Jarl  cUr^ 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Sher      . 

jXw  O^jc^* 

'Azim    . 

*jdar  a^sr^ 

Muhammad 

Muhammad- 

Shifa'at 

»^i-^liL£  a*^-* 

bakhsh  . 

itJi-ST    <S^S^ 

Muhammad 

Muhammad-dfn 

^0  a*^° 

ud  din 

^aJ/u^r^ 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Ghaus  . 

ci^i  a*^ 

'Usman 

,jUic    JcoJE-* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Hasan 

j^  a^s-'* 

Yakub 

Vj^*J   «J^sr^ 

Muhamr»ad 

Muhammad- 

Husain 

^.  jUu  r\  a^s^ 

ya"r 

jlj  J^s-* 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

ts-hdk  . 

Jks^I  ^*^° 

Yusuf   . 

,*— iLwjJ     O^x/6 

Muhammad 

Muhammad 

Isma'il . 

jJ.JLjlo-w)   <S^s^ 

Zamin  . 

^Uj  a^s-* 

Muhammad  Jin 

^U.  a*^* 

Muhibb  'Ali       . 

^•4^- 

Muhammad 

Muhft 

kLsr^ 

Kazim             , 
Muhammad 

jsir  a*^* 

Muhkam-din      , 
Muhsin     . 

<yP  ^ 

Mahdi  . 

^«\>*    a.0^* 

Mu'in 

tiT*"^* 

Muhammad 

Mu'izz  'Ali 
Mu'izzud-din 

e^* 

Na'im  . 

*JUU  a**'* 

74 


Mu'izzuljah 

dl)}j.*yo 

Munid   Ali 

Mukarrab 

t_}JL< 

Munld-bakhsh   . 

Mukarrab 

Mund 

Husain 

.                        ._Wa.    L_5  Ju* 

Musa 

MukhtAr  . 

Jls* 

Musahib   . 

Mumin*  . 

e/^° 

Musahib  'Ali      . 

Mumtaz    'Ali 

JLc  jlwo 

Musalli     . 

Munawwar 

>?* 

* 

Musharraf 

Munawvvar  'AH 

•J*xfr 

Muslim    . 

Muai'df    . 

,                  <jv^* 

Mustafa    . 

Munir 

jXL* 

Mustu 

Munna 

m  S 

Muzaftar  Husain 

Murad 

6}y° 

I 

J 

Nabat       . 

,                            olxi 

Nanhu 

Nabi-bakhsh 

U^  ^ 

Nasir 

Nadir 

joU 

Nasir 

NAdir  'Ali 

^Xx;oU 

NAsir  'Ali 

Na'im 

,^ 

Nasim  Gul 

Na'im  Gul 

<JS  ^X*j 

Nathe 

Najaf 

<ulJ 

Naurang  . 

Najaf  'Ali 

o^^ 

Nawab      . 

Najib 

SH^ 

Nawdb  Shah      . 

NajifJ       . 

1 — H?* 

Nawaz  'Ali 

Najmud-din 

^W 

Nawazish  'Ali    - 

Najmul-Islam    . 

flLJL^ 

Nazar  'Ali 

Nakshband 

Joj-iJu 

Nazar  Muham- 

Ndmddr   . 

j)jc*U 

mad 

Nanak      .          . 

lJoU 

Nazir 

J- 


iin 


V      -" 


r° 


u 


J^j 


u 


O^s^^Jii 


6  Li 


^ 


■jJaJ 


*  A  meaningless  word,  perhaps  a  mistake  for  ^ey*  Mumin. 
t  Meaningless,  perhaps  meant  for  ^x<  *. 

%  Probably  a  mistake  for  Najaf  i-i^V  Najib  S-^F*-    Najff  means  "  a  broad-headed 
arrow,"  ai,d  is  hardly  likely  to  be  used  as  a  proper  name. 


75 


Nazir  Gul 

Jfj±& 

Niz£m  'Ali 

v^f** 

Nazir  Husain 

t                    ^Ju«_a.  j-jJaJ 

Nizamud  din 

JjjJI^Uij 

Nazir  Husain 

t                     ^j^w^i.  JsLi 

Nur 

jy 

Nek  Muhammad                ^^*  >— & 

Nur  Akbar 

j&tjtf 

Ni'amat     (Nil 

Nur  'Ali 

J*jS 

mat)* 

C^^JU 

Nur       Muham- 

Nihal       . 

JV5 

mad 

do^    .  J 

Niy3z 

-W 

Nur  Shall 

,                             iLw  j  ^j 

Niyaz  'Ali 

<J*j[v 

Nurud-din 

^v 

Niydz  Gul 

"Jfjv 

Nurul-Hasan 

*r^W 

Niydz    Muham 

Nurullah 

<jjjljjj 

mad 
Niy^z  ullah 

F 

Nusrat     . 

> 

,                                      Oj-*aJ 

Padshah 

•                                                                          V 

Phina       . 

^X>. 

Pahlu   (perhaps 
Pahlau) 

tM 

Phuman 

* 

Pahl\v4n 

u1^ 

Phumbana 

&bw* 

Pam 
Paind       . 

Pir 

Pated       . 

*H 

Pir^n-ditta 

^  ttA*e 

Pan£h      . 

alb 

Pir-bakhsh 

U^^v 

Parta"b     . 

i-jtJL> 

Pir-did    . 

«3!«^JU 

Patang    .           , 

t_&l> 

Pir  Muham  mac 

Pay  an  da      Mu- 
hammad 

.                   tXo^-"0  *<Aub 

Piru                    , 
Purdil      . 

Phagu 

^«$ 

Pyclre      , 

-M 

Phalan    . 

F 

I 

Rabb  nawaz 

JV  y; 

Rahat  'Ali 

^uHi 

Rafi'ud-din 

e/^'t^ 

• 

r*^ 

Transliterated  as  pronounced,  for  Ni'mat. 


76 


Rahim-bakhsh 

Rahim-did 
Rahimud-din 

Rahim-ydr 
Rahm 
Rahm  'Ali 

Rahm  Ilahi 
Rahman 
Rah  mat 
Rahmat  'Ali 
Rah  mat  Sher 
Rahmatullah 
Rain£n    . 
Raja 
Rajab 
Rajnu 


a1 


Rajuli      . 
Ramzin 
Ramzin  'Ali 
Ran  gin    . 
Rdnje 
Rasul      . 
Raza  'Ali 

Raza\vand 
Rdz  Gul 
Rog^n     . 
Rora 
Roshan   . 
Roshan  'Ali 
Ruldu      . 
Rustam  . 
Rustam  'Ali 


jJ.Lij 

fa; 


Sa'adat    . 
Sa'idat  'Ali 
Sa'idatud-din 
Sa'adu     . 
Sabit 
Sadik  'Ali 
Sddik    Muham 

mad      . 
Sadr-din 
Sa'dullah 
Safdar     . 
Safdar  'Ali 
Sahbu 
Sahib  'Ali 
Saliib-dad 


0f0  I ^>.U> 


Sdhib-din 
Sihib    Muham 
mad 

Saida 
Sa'idullah 
Saif  Ali  . 

Saifullah 

Saiyid 

Saiyid  'Alam 
Saiyid  'Ali 
Saiyid  Gul 
Saiyid  Jin 
Saiyid  Li\ 
Saiyid  Muham 
mad     . 


JU> 


rfjJJIjjlStA*, 


Jlc  Jou- 
le JlUu 
(Jo    Jju« 

^L=k.  J.u« 

JjJ   <JJu* 


77 


Sakhawat  'AH  . 

^le"o^ 

Shah-wali 

kJjk* 

Saldmat  'AH     . 

Jlc  ci-^*Ua« 

Shahza'd  Mir     . 

j*/"  ^jx" 

Sa*laV-bakhsh    . 

Sha*ku 

yu 

Samadullah 

Shdm  beg 

i^jo  /*Li 

Samand             . 

JJlAM 

Shams-din         . 

L'/i*^   i/mm< 

J 

Shamshstd  'AH  . 

-Lc  OLw^^u 

Samundar 

ilMsfegw 

Shamsher          . 

■  X  t>»»o».wi 

Sandi 

^Jlh* 

Shamsher  'AH  . 

,-LC      jA^w^wUU 

Sar-afrdz  (or  Sa 

irfardz)             Jb^'j*M 

Shamsud-dfn     . 

^JtVJIj^^Xw 

Sar-baz    . 

j4r 

Sharaf     .           , 

v iy» 

Sar-buland 

jjjj^w 

Sharaf  'AH 

^Xr  uJ^S 

SardaV     . 

j'*r 

Sharfa 

Uy£ 

Sar-mast 

Vft^-^yi. 

Sher 

vA-^u 

Sar-parast         . 

\JL0UjljM, 

Shera 

^ 

Sarwar    .          , 

))r* 

Sher  'AH 

^J^ 

Saud^gar          , 

yi^y- 

Sher-biz            , 

Jtjjxi 

Shabriti 

uft** 

Sher-daM 

ojj  jl£ 

Sh^di       . 

•                                i^>fc)L<«u 

Sher-dil 

J»^ 

Sh^dmdn 

,                      .L*ol£ 

Sher-dum 

Shahddat 

,                              OoL..w 

Sher-jang 

•                             U_xLa».   *x£ 

ShahaMam* 

rV 

Sher      Muham 

Shah  'AH 

JLc  «L£ 

mad     . 

j^s/*^; 

Sh4h-b^z 

jhr 

Sher  Zamdn 

u^Jj^ 

Shah-ddd 

.                      olo  «Li 

Shibu 

jjxi 

Shahi       . 

Shihibud-d''n 

.              ^(jJli-jL^i 

Shahin    . 

c/V" 

Shirin 

(ir^ 

Shih-uawciz 

JLJ  »L£ 

Siddfk      . 

* 

Shah-naw£z 

j^V" 

Sikandar 

sh             (^^  jJJtC*, 

Shdh-pasand 

,                                       C^-W*;J|.   *^" 

Sikandar  bakh 

Shih-saw^r 

.                                           )'}"**' 

Sikdir     . 

Shah-sawaV 

j!rV" 

Sindhi     . 

Shihwali 

oJ; aU: 

Sindi       , 

*  5«V.     Probabiy  for 

JLc  gLi  Shah  '  Alan 

a. 

78 


Sogal 
Sone 
Subhan  . 
Subhan  'Ali 
Suhbat  . 
Suhrab  Gul 

Sukba 
Sukhan  . 
Sulaiman  (Sule 
man)  . 


^ 


.UjJLw 


Sultan 

J^L. 

Sultan  'Ali 

^L:  JkL* 

Sultan  Muham- 

mad 

Jlo^*   ^UaJLw 

Sultan         Sa'd 

(Sad)   . 

iSSLuJ        .UoLa* 

Surab      ,          . 

Tafazzul  Husain 
Tajammul 

Husain 
Taj  Mubammad 
Tajud-din 
Talib'Ali 
Tali'wand          . 
Tali' war 
Tasadduk 

Husain 


'Umar 

'Umar-bakhsh  . 
'Umarud-din  . 
'Umed     . 


Tawangar 
Husain 
Tegh  'Ali 
Tika 
Timur 
Turab      . 
Turab  'Ali 

Turra  biz 


u 


Umrai 
Umrao     . 
Umrao  'Ali 


^°1      Usmin 


w 


Wahid     . 

a^L 

Waris 

^h 

Wahid  'Ali       . 

J^^) 

Waris  'Ali 

J*  ^h 

Wajid  'Ali 

v>  ^'; 

Wasiyat  'Ali    . 

J^^^.) 

Wali-dad 

"olo  ^J 

Wazir 

j$) 

79 


Wazira    . 
Wazir  Muham- 
mad     .  , 

Wazfrud-din     , 


^     Widan     . 
Wilayat  . 
*y*=*  jljy   \  Wilayat  '  Ali    . 
^jJ!  jj.  I  Wilayat- Husain 


«H 


Yad  'Ali 
Yad-i-A'zam     . 

Yar  Muhammad 
Yci-sin 

Ydktib  'Ali 
Yciran 

Yatim 

Yusuf  'Ali         . 

Yar  Gul  . 

Jfjti 

Zafar  Husain 
Zahid       . 
Zaid  'Ali 
Zaid  Gul . 
Zam^n     . 
Zamdn  'Ali 
Zamin  Sh£h 


.x^ms>.  Jib 

"JS  <Joj 
^  vJUJ 


Zarif        .          . 

i ajJs 

Ziyarat    . 

Ojbj 

Zuhur   Muham- 

mad 

tU-s^*  JJ^ 

Zuhurullah 

aJji^Js 

Zul-fikar. 

JJ&JtJLb 

Zul-fikar  'Ali 

.  M  ,UiiJi,j 

Government  of  India  Central  Printing  Office.— No.  74  M.  D.— 18-1-92. 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  MSK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 
LOAN  DEPT 

Reoewed  books  are  subject  ,„  immedtte  recaI1. 


LD21A-50m-9,'58 
(6889sl0)476B 


.General  Library 

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wBvwmorcAurowuuB*** 


GUIDE 


TO 


THE  TRANSLITERATION  OF   HINDU  AND 
MUHAMMADAN  NAMES 


IN 


THE  BENGAL  ARMY. 


PREPARED  AT  THE  REQUEST  OF  THE  GOVERNMENT  OF  INDIA, 

BY 

C.  J.  LYALL,  MA,  C.I.E., 

BENGAL  CIVIL  SERVICE. 


(THIRD  EDITION.) 


SI 

-    ■  •■ 


CALCUTTA: 

OFFICE  OF  THE   SUPERINTENDENT  OF  GOVERNMENT   PRINTING,   INDIA. 

1892.